1
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Zhong R, Rua MT, Wei-LaPierre L. Targeting mitochondrial Ca 2+ uptake for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Physiol 2024; 602:1519-1549. [PMID: 38010626 PMCID: PMC11032238 DOI: 10.1113/jp284143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare adult-onset neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive motor neuron (MN) loss, muscle denervation and paralysis. Over the past several decades, researchers have made tremendous efforts to understand the pathogenic mechanisms underpinning ALS, with much yet to be resolved. ALS is described as a non-cell autonomous condition with pathology detected in both MNs and non-neuronal cells, such as glial cells and skeletal muscle. Studies in ALS patient and animal models reveal ubiquitous abnormalities in mitochondrial structure and function, and disturbance of intracellular calcium homeostasis in various tissue types, suggesting a pivotal role of aberrant mitochondrial calcium uptake and dysfunctional calcium signalling cascades in ALS pathogenesis. Calcium signalling and mitochondrial dysfunction are intricately related to the manifestation of cell death contributing to MN loss and skeletal muscle dysfunction. In this review, we discuss the potential contribution of intracellular calcium signalling, particularly mitochondrial calcium uptake, in ALS pathogenesis. Functional consequences of excessive mitochondrial calcium uptake and possible therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondrial calcium uptake or the mitochondrial calcium uniporter, the main channel mediating mitochondrial calcium influx, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjia Zhong
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China, 110001
| | - Michael T. Rua
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611
| | - Lan Wei-LaPierre
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611
- Myology Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
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2
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Noori L, Saqagandomabadi V, Di Felice V, David S, Caruso Bavisotto C, Bucchieri F, Cappello F, Conway de Macario E, Macario AJL, Scalia F. Putative Roles and Therapeutic Potential of the Chaperone System in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Multiple Sclerosis. Cells 2024; 13:217. [PMID: 38334609 PMCID: PMC10854686 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The putative pathogenic roles and therapeutic potential of the chaperone system (CS) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and multiple sclerosis (MS) are reviewed to provide a bibliographic and conceptual platform for launching research on the diagnostic and therapeutic applications of CS components. Various studies suggest that dysfunction of the CS contributes to the pathogenesis of ALS and MS, and here, we identify some of the implicated CS members. The physiology and pathophysiology of the CS members can be properly understood if they are studied or experimentally or clinically manipulated for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes, bearing in mind that they belong to a physiological system with multiple interacting and dynamic components, widespread throughout the body, intra- and extracellularly. Molecular chaperones, some called heat shock protein (Hsp), are the chief components of the CS, whose canonical functions are cytoprotective. However, abnormal chaperones can be etiopathogenic factors in a wide range of disorders, chaperonopathies, including ALS and MS, according to the data reviewed. Chaperones typically form teams, and these build functional networks to maintain protein homeostasis, the canonical role of the CS. However, members of the CS also display non-canonical functions unrelated to protein homeostasis. Therefore, chaperones and other members of the CS, if abnormal, may disturb not only protein synthesis, maturation, and migration but also other physiological processes. Thus, in elucidating the role of CS components in ALS and MS, one must look at protein homeostasis abnormalities and beyond, following the clues emerging from the works discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Noori
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.N.); (V.S.); (V.D.F.); (S.D.); (C.C.B.); (F.B.); (F.C.)
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Medical University of Babol, Babol 47176-47745, Iran
| | - Vahid Saqagandomabadi
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.N.); (V.S.); (V.D.F.); (S.D.); (C.C.B.); (F.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Valentina Di Felice
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.N.); (V.S.); (V.D.F.); (S.D.); (C.C.B.); (F.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Sabrina David
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.N.); (V.S.); (V.D.F.); (S.D.); (C.C.B.); (F.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Celeste Caruso Bavisotto
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.N.); (V.S.); (V.D.F.); (S.D.); (C.C.B.); (F.B.); (F.C.)
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, Italy; (E.C.d.M.); (A.J.L.M.)
| | - Fabio Bucchieri
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.N.); (V.S.); (V.D.F.); (S.D.); (C.C.B.); (F.B.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesco Cappello
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.N.); (V.S.); (V.D.F.); (S.D.); (C.C.B.); (F.B.); (F.C.)
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, Italy; (E.C.d.M.); (A.J.L.M.)
| | - Everly Conway de Macario
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, Italy; (E.C.d.M.); (A.J.L.M.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore—Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology (IMET), Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - Alberto J. L. Macario
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, Italy; (E.C.d.M.); (A.J.L.M.)
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore—Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology (IMET), Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - Federica Scalia
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.N.); (V.S.); (V.D.F.); (S.D.); (C.C.B.); (F.B.); (F.C.)
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, Italy; (E.C.d.M.); (A.J.L.M.)
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3
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Srivastav S, van der Graaf K, Singh P, Utama AB, Meyer MD, McNew JA, Stern M. Atl (atlastin) regulates mTor signaling and autophagy in Drosophila muscle through alteration of the lysosomal network. Autophagy 2024; 20:131-150. [PMID: 37649246 PMCID: PMC10761077 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2249794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
ABBREVIATIONS atl atlastin; ALR autophagic lysosome reformation; ER endoplasmic reticulum; GFP green fluorescent protein; HSP hereditary spastic paraplegia; Lamp1 lysosomal associated membrane protein 1 PolyUB polyubiquitin; RFP red fluorescent protein; spin spinster; mTor mechanistic Target of rapamycin; VCP valosin containing protein.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pratibha Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Matthew D. Meyer
- Shared Equipment Authority, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - James A. McNew
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michael Stern
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA
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4
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Ryan L, Rubinsztein DC. The autophagy of stress granules. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:59-72. [PMID: 38101818 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Our understanding of stress granule (SG) biology has deepened considerably in recent years, and with this, increased understanding of links has been made between SGs and numerous neurodegenerative diseases. One of the proposed mechanisms by which SGs and any associated protein aggregates may become pathological is based upon defects in their autophagic clearance, and so the precise processes governing the degradation of SGs are important to understand. Mutations and disease-associated variants implicated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease and frontotemporal lobar dementia compromise autophagy, whilst autophagy-inhibiting drugs or knockdown of essential autophagy proteins result in the persistence of SGs. In this review, we will consider the current knowledge regarding the autophagy of SG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ryan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), University of Cambridge, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), University of Cambridge, UK
| | - David C Rubinsztein
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), University of Cambridge, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), University of Cambridge, UK
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5
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Chu S, Xie X, Payan C, Stochaj U. Valosin containing protein (VCP): initiator, modifier, and potential drug target for neurodegenerative diseases. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:52. [PMID: 37545006 PMCID: PMC10405438 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00639-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The AAA+ ATPase valosin containing protein (VCP) is essential for cell and organ homeostasis, especially in cells of the nervous system. As part of a large network, VCP collaborates with many cofactors to ensure proteostasis under normal, stress, and disease conditions. A large number of mutations have revealed the importance of VCP for human health. In particular, VCP facilitates the dismantling of protein aggregates and the removal of dysfunctional organelles. These are critical events to prevent malfunction of the brain and other parts of the nervous system. In line with this idea, VCP mutants are linked to the onset and progression of neurodegeneration and other diseases. The intricate molecular mechanisms that connect VCP mutations to distinct brain pathologies continue to be uncovered. Emerging evidence supports the model that VCP controls cellular functions on multiple levels and in a cell type specific fashion. Accordingly, VCP mutants derail cellular homeostasis through several mechanisms that can instigate disease. Our review focuses on the association between VCP malfunction and neurodegeneration. We discuss the latest insights in the field, emphasize open questions, and speculate on the potential of VCP as a drug target for some of the most devastating forms of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Chu
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, HG3 1Y6, Canada
| | - Xinyi Xie
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, HG3 1Y6, Canada
| | - Carla Payan
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, HG3 1Y6, Canada
| | - Ursula Stochaj
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, HG3 1Y6, Canada.
- Quantitative Life Sciences Program, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
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6
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Miura S, Hiruki S, Okada T, Takei SI, Senzaki K, Okada Y, Ochi M, Tanabe Y, Ochi H, Igase M, Ohyagi Y, Shibata H. Case report: Frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis caused by a missense variant (p.Arg89Trp) in the valosin-containing protein gene. Front Genet 2023; 14:1155998. [PMID: 37303947 PMCID: PMC10250589 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1155998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 6, also known as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 14, is an autosomal dominant, progressive neurodegenerative disorder caused by various mutations in the valosin-containing protein gene. In this report, we examined a 51-year-old female Japanese patient with frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The patient began noticing gait disturbances at the age of 45 years. Neurological examination at the age of 46 years met the Awaji criteria for clinically probable amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. At the age of 49 years, she tended to have poor mood and an aversion to activity. Her symptoms gradually worsened. She required a wheelchair for transport and had difficulty communicating with others because of poor comprehension. She then began to frequently exhibit irritability. Eventually, she was admitted to the psychiatric hospital because uncontrollable violent behavior throughout the day. Longitudinal brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed progressive brain atrophy with temporal dominance, non-progressive cerebellar atrophy, and some non-specific white matter intensities. Brain single photon emission computed tomography showed hypoperfusion in the bilateral temporal lobes and cerebellar hemispheres. Clinical exome sequencing revealed the presence of a heterozygous nonsynonymous variant (NM_007126.5, c.265C>T; p.Arg89Trp) in the valosin-containing protein gene, which was absent in the 1000 Genomes Project, the Exome Aggregation Consortium Database, and the Genome Aggregation Database, and was predicted to be "damaging" by PolyPhen-2 and "deleterious" using SIFT with a Combined Annotation Dependent Depletion score of 35. We also confirmed the absence of this variant in 505 Japanese control subjects. Therefore, we concluded that the variant in the valosin-containing protein gene was responsible for the symptoms of this patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiroh Miura
- Department of Neurology and Geriatric Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Hiruki
- Division of Genomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Okada
- Department of Radiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Satoko Itani Takei
- Department of Neurology and Geriatric Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kensuke Senzaki
- Department of Neurology and Geriatric Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yoko Okada
- Department of Neurology and Geriatric Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ochi
- Department of Neurology and Geriatric Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yuki Tanabe
- Department of Radiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Ochi
- Department of Intractable Disease and Aging Science, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Michiya Igase
- Department of Anti-aging Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Ohyagi
- Department of Neurology and Geriatric Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shibata
- Division of Genomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
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7
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Ganji R, Paulo JA, Xi Y, Kline I, Zhu J, Clemen CS, Weihl CC, Purdy JG, Gygi SP, Raman M. The p97-UBXD8 complex regulates ER-Mitochondria contact sites by altering membrane lipid saturation and composition. Nat Commun 2023; 14:638. [PMID: 36746962 PMCID: PMC9902492 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36298-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The intimate association between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondrial membranes at ER-Mitochondria contact sites (ERMCS) is a platform for critical cellular processes, particularly lipid synthesis. How contacts are remodeled and the impact of altered contacts on lipid metabolism remains poorly understood. We show that the p97 AAA-ATPase and its adaptor ubiquitin-X domain adaptor 8 (UBXD8) regulate ERMCS. The p97-UBXD8 complex localizes to contacts and its loss increases contacts in a manner that is dependent on p97 catalytic activity. Quantitative proteomics and lipidomics of ERMCS demonstrates alterations in proteins regulating lipid metabolism and a significant change in membrane lipid saturation upon UBXD8 deletion. Loss of p97-UBXD8 increased membrane lipid saturation via SREBP1 and the lipid desaturase SCD1. Aberrant contacts can be rescued by unsaturated fatty acids or overexpression of SCD1. We find that the SREBP1-SCD1 pathway is negatively impacted in the brains of mice with p97 mutations that cause neurodegeneration. We propose that contacts are exquisitely sensitive to alterations to membrane lipid composition and saturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Ganji
- Department of Developmental Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yuecheng Xi
- Department of Immunobiology, BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Ian Kline
- Department of Immunobiology, BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jiang Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
- Ilumina Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Christoph S Clemen
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Conrad C Weihl
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - John G Purdy
- Department of Immunobiology, BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Steve P Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Malavika Raman
- Department of Developmental Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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8
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Pfeffer G, Lee G, Pontifex CS, Fanganiello RD, Peck A, Weihl CC, Kimonis V. Multisystem Proteinopathy Due to VCP Mutations: A Review of Clinical Heterogeneity and Genetic Diagnosis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13060963. [PMID: 35741724 PMCID: PMC9222868 DOI: 10.3390/genes13060963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we review clinical features and genetic diagnosis of diseases caused by mutations in the gene encoding valosin-containing protein (VCP/p97), the functionally diverse AAA-ATPase. VCP is crucial to a multitude of cellular functions including protein quality control, stress granule formation and clearance, and genomic integrity functions, among others. Pathogenic mutations in VCP cause multisystem proteinopathy (VCP-MSP), an autosomal dominant, adult-onset disorder causing dysfunction in several tissue types. It can result in complex neurodegenerative conditions including inclusion body myopathy, frontotemporal dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or combinations of these. There is also an association with other neurodegenerative phenotypes such as Alzheimer-type dementia and Parkinsonism. Non-neurological presentations include Paget disease of bone and may also include cardiac dysfunction. We provide a detailed discussion of genotype-phenotype correlations, recommendations for genetic diagnosis, and genetic counselling implications of VCP-MSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Pfeffer
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada;
- Alberta Child Health Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Correspondence:
| | - Grace Lee
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA 92868, USA; (G.L.); (V.K.)
| | - Carly S. Pontifex
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada;
| | - Roberto D. Fanganiello
- Oral Ecology Research Group, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Allison Peck
- Cure VCP Disease, Inc., Americus, GA 31709, USA;
| | - Conrad C. Weihl
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
| | - Virginia Kimonis
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA 92868, USA; (G.L.); (V.K.)
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9
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Todd TW, Petrucelli L. Modelling amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in rodents. Nat Rev Neurosci 2022; 23:231-251. [PMID: 35260846 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-022-00564-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The efficient study of human disease requires the proper tools, one of the most crucial of which is an accurate animal model that faithfully recapitulates the human condition. The study of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is no exception. Although the majority of ALS cases are considered sporadic, most animal models of this disease rely on genetic mutations identified in familial cases. Over the past decade, the number of genes associated with ALS has risen dramatically and, with each new genetic variant, there is a drive to develop associated animal models. Rodent models are of particular importance as they allow for the study of ALS in the context of a living mammal with a comparable CNS. Such models not only help to verify the pathogenicity of novel mutations but also provide critical insight into disease mechanisms and are crucial for the testing of new therapeutics. In this Review, we aim to summarize the full spectrum of ALS rodent models developed to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany W Todd
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Leonard Petrucelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
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10
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Ferrari V, Cristofani R, Tedesco B, Crippa V, Chierichetti M, Casarotto E, Cozzi M, Mina F, Piccolella M, Galbiati M, Rusmini P, Poletti A. Valosin Containing Protein (VCP): A Multistep Regulator of Autophagy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23041939. [PMID: 35216053 PMCID: PMC8878954 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Valosin containing protein (VCP) has emerged as a central protein in the regulation of the protein quality control (PQC) system. VCP mutations are causative of multisystem proteinopathies, which include neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), and share various signs of altered proteostasis, mainly associated with autophagy malfunctioning. Autophagy is a complex multistep degradative system essential for the maintenance of cell viability, especially in post-mitotic cells as neurons and differentiated skeletal muscle cells. Interestingly, many studies concerning NDs have focused on autophagy impairment as a pathological mechanism or autophagy activity boosting to rescue the pathological phenotype. The role of VCP in autophagy has been widely debated, but recent findings have defined new mechanisms associated with VCP activity in the regulation of autophagy, showing that VCP is involved in different steps of this pathway. Here we will discuss the multiple activity of VCP in the autophagic pathway underlying its leading role either in physiological or pathological conditions. A better understanding of VCP complexes and mechanisms in regulating autophagy could define the altered mechanisms by which VCP directly or indirectly causes or modulates different human diseases and revealing possible new therapeutic approaches for NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Ferrari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.F.); (R.C.); (V.C.); (M.C.); (E.C.); (M.C.); (F.M.); (M.P.); (M.G.); (P.R.)
| | - Riccardo Cristofani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.F.); (R.C.); (V.C.); (M.C.); (E.C.); (M.C.); (F.M.); (M.P.); (M.G.); (P.R.)
| | - Barbara Tedesco
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS—Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Valeria Crippa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.F.); (R.C.); (V.C.); (M.C.); (E.C.); (M.C.); (F.M.); (M.P.); (M.G.); (P.R.)
| | - Marta Chierichetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.F.); (R.C.); (V.C.); (M.C.); (E.C.); (M.C.); (F.M.); (M.P.); (M.G.); (P.R.)
| | - Elena Casarotto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.F.); (R.C.); (V.C.); (M.C.); (E.C.); (M.C.); (F.M.); (M.P.); (M.G.); (P.R.)
| | - Marta Cozzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.F.); (R.C.); (V.C.); (M.C.); (E.C.); (M.C.); (F.M.); (M.P.); (M.G.); (P.R.)
| | - Francesco Mina
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.F.); (R.C.); (V.C.); (M.C.); (E.C.); (M.C.); (F.M.); (M.P.); (M.G.); (P.R.)
| | - Margherita Piccolella
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.F.); (R.C.); (V.C.); (M.C.); (E.C.); (M.C.); (F.M.); (M.P.); (M.G.); (P.R.)
| | - Mariarita Galbiati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.F.); (R.C.); (V.C.); (M.C.); (E.C.); (M.C.); (F.M.); (M.P.); (M.G.); (P.R.)
| | - Paola Rusmini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.F.); (R.C.); (V.C.); (M.C.); (E.C.); (M.C.); (F.M.); (M.P.); (M.G.); (P.R.)
| | - Angelo Poletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.F.); (R.C.); (V.C.); (M.C.); (E.C.); (M.C.); (F.M.); (M.P.); (M.G.); (P.R.)
- Correspondence:
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11
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Feng SY, Lin H, Che CH, Huang HP, Liu CY, Zou ZY. Phenotype of VCP Mutations in Chinese Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients. Front Neurol 2022; 13:790082. [PMID: 35197922 PMCID: PMC8858817 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.790082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the valosin-containing protein (VCP) gene have been linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in the Caucasian populations. However, the phenotype of VCP mutations in Chinese patients with (ALS) remains unclear. Targeted next-generation sequencing covered 28 ALS-related genes including the VCP gene was undertaken to screen in a Chinese cohort of 275 sporadic ALS cases and 15 familial ALS pedigrees. An extensive literature review was performed to identify all patients with ALS carrying VCP mutations previously reported. The clinical characteristics and genetic features of ALS patients with VCP mutations were reviewed. One known p.R155C mutation in the VCP gene was detected in two siblings from a familial ALS pedigree and two sporadic individuals. In addition, the same VCP p.R155C mutation was detected in an additional patient with ALS referred in 2021. Three patients with VCP p.R155C mutation presented with muscular weakness starting from proximal extremities to distal extremities. The other patient developed a phenotype of Paget's disease of bone in addition to the progressive muscular atrophy. We reported the first VCP mutation carrier manifesting ALS with Paget's disease of bone in the Chinese population. Our findings expand the phenotypic spectrum of the VCP mutations in Chinese patients with ALS and suggest that ALS patients with VCP p.R155C mutations tend to present with relatively young onset, symmetrical involvement of proximal muscles weakness of arms or legs, and then progressed to distal muscles of limbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yan Feng
- Department of Neurophysiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Han Lin
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chun-Hui Che
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hua-Pin Huang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chang-Yun Liu
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhang-Yu Zou
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Clinical Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhang-Yu Zou
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12
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Harley J, Hagemann C, Serio A, Patani R. TDP-43 and FUS mislocalization in VCP mutant motor neurons is reversed by pharmacological inhibition of the VCP D2 ATPase domain. Brain Commun 2021; 3:fcab166. [PMID: 34396115 PMCID: PMC8361416 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA binding proteins have been shown to play a key role in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Mutations in valosin-containing protein (VCP/p97) cause ALS and exhibit the hallmark nuclear-to-cytoplasmic mislocalization of RNA binding proteins (RBPs). However, the mechanism by which mutations in VCP lead to this mislocalization of RBPs remains incompletely resolved. To address this, we used human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived motor neurons carrying VCP mutations. We first demonstrate reduced nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratios of transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), fused in sarcoma/translocated in liposarcoma (FUS) and splicing factor proline and glutamine rich (SFPQ) in VCP mutant motor neurons. Upon closer analysis, we also find these RBPs are mislocalized to motor neuron neurites themselves. To address the hypothesis that altered function of the D2 ATPase domain of VCP causes RBP mislocalization, we used pharmacological inhibition of this domain in control motor neurons and found this does not recapitulate RBP mislocalization phenotypes. However, D2 domain inhibition in VCP mutant motor neurons was able to robustly reverse mislocalization of both TDP-43 and FUS, in addition to partially relocalizing SFPQ from the neurites. Together these results argue for a gain-of-function of D2 ATPase in VCP mutant human motor neurons driving the mislocalization of TDP-43 and FUS. Our data raise the intriguing possibility of harnessing VCP D2 ATPase inhibitors in the treatment of VCP-related ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Harley
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK.,The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Cathleen Hagemann
- The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK.,Centre for Craniofacial & Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Andrea Serio
- The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK.,Centre for Craniofacial & Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Rickie Patani
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK.,The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
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13
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Nandi P, Li S, Columbres RCA, Wang F, Williams DR, Poh YP, Chou TF, Chiu PL. Structural and Functional Analysis of Disease-Linked p97 ATPase Mutant Complexes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158079. [PMID: 34360842 PMCID: PMC8347982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
IBMPFD/ALS is a genetic disorder caused by a single amino acid mutation on the p97 ATPase, promoting ATPase activity and cofactor dysregulation. The disease mechanism underlying p97 ATPase malfunction remains unclear. To understand how the mutation alters the ATPase regulation, we assembled a full-length p97R155H with its p47 cofactor and first visualized their structures using single-particle cryo-EM. More than one-third of the population was the dodecameric form. Nucleotide presence dissociates the dodecamer into two hexamers for its highly elevated function. The N-domains of the p97R155H mutant all show up configurations in ADP- or ATPγS-bound states. Our functional and structural analyses showed that the p47 binding is likely to impact the p97R155H ATPase activities via changing the conformations of arginine fingers. These functional and structural analyses underline the ATPase dysregulation with the miscommunication between the functional modules of the p97R155H.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purbasha Nandi
- Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA;
| | - Shan Li
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; (S.L.); (R.C.A.C.); (F.W.); (Y.-P.P.)
| | - Rod Carlo A. Columbres
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; (S.L.); (R.C.A.C.); (F.W.); (Y.-P.P.)
| | - Feng Wang
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; (S.L.); (R.C.A.C.); (F.W.); (Y.-P.P.)
| | | | - Yu-Ping Poh
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; (S.L.); (R.C.A.C.); (F.W.); (Y.-P.P.)
| | - Tsui-Fen Chou
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; (S.L.); (R.C.A.C.); (F.W.); (Y.-P.P.)
- Correspondence: (T.-F.C.); (P.-L.C.)
| | - Po-Lin Chiu
- Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA;
- Correspondence: (T.-F.C.); (P.-L.C.)
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14
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Borgese N, Iacomino N, Colombo SF, Navone F. The Link between VAPB Loss of Function and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Cells 2021; 10:1865. [PMID: 34440634 PMCID: PMC8392409 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The VAP proteins are integral adaptor proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane that recruit a myriad of interacting partners to the ER surface. Through these interactions, the VAPs mediate a large number of processes, notably the generation of membrane contact sites between the ER and essentially all other cellular membranes. In 2004, it was discovered that a mutation (p.P56S) in the VAPB paralogue causes a rare form of dominantly inherited familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS8). The mutant protein is aggregation-prone, non-functional and unstable, and its expression from a single allele appears to be insufficient to support toxic gain-of-function effects within motor neurons. Instead, loss-of-function of the single wild-type allele is required for pathological effects, and VAPB haploinsufficiency may be the main driver of the disease. In this article, we review the studies on the effects of VAPB deficit in cellular and animal models. Several basic cell physiological processes are affected by downregulation or complete depletion of VAPB, impinging on phosphoinositide homeostasis, Ca2+ signalling, ion transport, neurite extension, and ER stress. In the future, the distinction between the roles of the two VAP paralogues (A and B), as well as studies on motor neurons generated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) of ALS8 patients will further elucidate the pathogenic basis of p.P56S familial ALS, as well as of other more common forms of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nica Borgese
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Via Follereau 3, Bldg U28, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy; (N.I.); (S.F.C.)
| | | | | | - Francesca Navone
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Via Follereau 3, Bldg U28, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy; (N.I.); (S.F.C.)
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15
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Reimann J, Kornblum C. Towards Central Nervous System Involvement in Adults with Hereditary Myopathies. J Neuromuscul Dis 2021; 7:367-393. [PMID: 32773394 PMCID: PMC7592671 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-200507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence of central nervous system involvement in numerous neuromuscular disorders primarily considered diseases of skeletal muscle. Our knowledge on cerebral affection in myopathies is expanding continuously due to a better understanding of the genetic background and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Intriguingly, there is a remarkable overlap of brain pathology in muscular diseases with pathomechanisms involved in neurodegenerative or neurodevelopmental disorders. A rapid progress in advanced neuroimaging techniques results in further detailed insight into structural and functional cerebral abnormalities. The spectrum of clinical manifestations is broad and includes movement disorders, neurovascular complications, paroxysmal neurological symptoms like migraine and epileptic seizures, but also behavioural abnormalities and cognitive dysfunction. Cerebral involvement implies a high socio-economic and personal burden in adult patients sometimes exceeding the everyday challenges associated with muscle weakness. It is especially important to clarify the nature and natural history of brain affection against the background of upcoming specific treatment regimen in hereditary myopathies that should address the brain as a secondary target. This review aims to highlight the character and extent of central nervous system involvement in patients with hereditary myopathies manifesting in adulthood, however also includes some childhood-onset diseases with brain abnormalities that transfer into adult neurological care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Reimann
- Department of Neurology, Section of Neuromuscular Diseases, University Hospital Bonn, Germany.,Center for Rare Diseases, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Cornelia Kornblum
- Department of Neurology, Section of Neuromuscular Diseases, University Hospital Bonn, Germany.,Center for Rare Diseases, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
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16
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Violi F, Solovyev N, Vinceti M, Mandrioli J, Lucio M, Michalke B. The study of levels from redox-active elements in cerebrospinal fluid of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients carrying disease-related gene mutations shows potential copper dyshomeostasis. Metallomics 2021; 12:668-681. [PMID: 32373852 DOI: 10.1039/d0mt00051e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by a loss of function of motor neurons. The etiology of this disorder is still largely unknown. Gene-environment interaction arises as a possible key factor in the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We assessed the levels of trace metals, copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn), of 9 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cases and 40 controls by measuring their content in cerebrospinal fluid. The following trace element species were quantified using ion chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry: univalent copper (Cu-I), divalent Cu (Cu-II), divalent Fe (Fe-II), trivalent Fe (Fe-III), divalent Mn (Mn-II), trivalent Mn (Mn-III), and also unidentified Mn species (Mn-unknown) were present in some samples. When computing the relative risks for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis through an unconditional logistic regression model, we observed a weak and imprecise positive association for iron (Fe III, adjusted odds ratio 1.48, 95% CI 0.46-4.76) and manganese (total-Mn and Mn-II; adjusted odds ratio 1.11, 95% CI 0.74-1.67, and 1.13, 95% CI 0.79-1.61, respectively). Increased risk for copper was found both in the crude analysis (odds ratio 1.14, 95% CI 0.99-1.31) and in multivariable analysis after adjusting for sex, age, and year of storage (1.09, 95% CI 0.90-1.32). Our results suggest a possible positive association between Cu and genetic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, while they give little indication of involvement of Fe and Mn in disease, though some correlations found also for these elements deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Violi
- CREAGEN Research Center of Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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17
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Root J, Merino P, Nuckols A, Johnson M, Kukar T. Lysosome dysfunction as a cause of neurodegenerative diseases: Lessons from frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 154:105360. [PMID: 33812000 PMCID: PMC8113138 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are fatal neurodegenerative disorders that are thought to exist on a clinical and pathological spectrum. FTD and ALS are linked by shared genetic causes (e.g. C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansions) and neuropathology, such as inclusions of ubiquitinated, misfolded proteins (e.g. TAR DNA-binding protein 43; TDP-43) in the CNS. Furthermore, some genes that cause FTD or ALS when mutated encode proteins that localize to the lysosome or modulate endosome-lysosome function, including lysosomal fusion, cargo trafficking, lysosomal acidification, autophagy, or TFEB activity. In this review, we summarize evidence that lysosomal dysfunction, caused by genetic mutations (e.g. C9orf72, GRN, MAPT, TMEM106B) or toxic-gain of function (e.g. aggregation of TDP-43 or tau), is an important pathogenic disease mechanism in FTD and ALS. Further studies into the normal function of many of these proteins are required and will help uncover the mechanisms that cause lysosomal dysfunction in FTD and ALS. Mutations or polymorphisms in genes that encode proteins important for endosome-lysosome function also occur in other age-dependent neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's (e.g. APOE, PSEN1, APP) and Parkinson's (e.g. GBA, LRRK2, ATP13A2) disease. A more complete understanding of the common and unique features of lysosome dysfunction across the spectrum of neurodegeneration will help guide the development of therapies for these devastating diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Root
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta 30322, Georgia; Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta 30322, Georgia
| | - Paola Merino
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta 30322, Georgia; Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta 30322, Georgia
| | - Austin Nuckols
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta 30322, Georgia; Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta 30322, Georgia
| | - Michelle Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta 30322, Georgia; Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta 30322, Georgia
| | - Thomas Kukar
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta 30322, Georgia; Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta 30322, Georgia; Department of Neurology, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta 30322, Georgia.
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18
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Wall JM, Basu A, Zunica ERM, Dubuisson OS, Pergola K, Broussard JP, Kirwan JP, Axelrod CL, Johnson AE. CRISPR/Cas9-engineered Drosophila knock-in models to study VCP diseases. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:dmm048603. [PMID: 34160014 PMCID: PMC8325010 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.048603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in Valosin Containing Protein (VCP) are associated with several degenerative diseases, including multisystem proteinopathy (MSP-1) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. However, patients with VCP mutations vary widely in their pathology and clinical penetrance, making it difficult to devise effective treatment strategies. A deeper understanding of how each mutation affects VCP function could enhance the prediction of clinical outcomes and design of personalized treatment options. The power of a genetically tractable model organism coupled with well-established in vivo assays and a relatively short life cycle make Drosophila an attractive system to study VCP disease pathogenesis. Using CRISPR/Cas9, we have generated individual Drosophila knock-in mutants that include nine hereditary VCP disease mutations. Our models display many hallmarks of VCP-mediated degeneration, including progressive decline in mobility, protein aggregate accumulation and defects in lysosomal and mitochondrial function. We also made some novel and unexpected findings, including nuclear morphology defects and sex-specific phenotypic differences in several mutants. Taken together, the Drosophila VCP disease models generated in this study will be useful for studying the etiology of individual VCP patient mutations and testing potential genetic and/or pharmacological therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan M. Wall
- Louisiana State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Ankita Basu
- Louisiana State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Elizabeth R. M. Zunica
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Olga S. Dubuisson
- Louisiana State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Kathryn Pergola
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
- Department of Translational Services, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Joshua P. Broussard
- Louisiana State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - John P. Kirwan
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Christopher L. Axelrod
- Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
- Department of Translational Services, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Alyssa E. Johnson
- Louisiana State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
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19
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Mengus C, Neutzner M, Bento ACPF, Bippes CC, Kohler C, Decembrini S, Häusel J, Hemion C, Sironi L, Frank S, Scholl HPN, Neutzner A. VCP/p97 cofactor UBXN1/SAKS1 regulates mitophagy by modulating MFN2 removal from mitochondria. Autophagy 2021; 18:171-190. [PMID: 33966597 PMCID: PMC8865314 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1922982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Initiation of PINK1- and PRKN-dependent mitophagy is a highly regulated process involving the activity of the AAA-ATPase VCP/p97, a cofactor-guided multifunctional protein central to handling ubiquitinated client proteins. Removal of ubiquitinated substrates such as the mitofusin MFN2 from the outer mitochondrial membrane by VCP is critical for PRKN accumulation on mitochondria, which drives mitophagy. Here we characterize the role of the UBA and UBX-domain containing VCP cofactor UBXN1/SAKS1 during mitophagy. Following mitochondrial depolarization and depending on PRKN, UBXN1 translocated alongside VCP to mitochondria. Prior to mitophagy, loss of UBXN1 led to mitochondrial fragmentation, diminished ATP production, and impaired ER-mitochondrial apposition. When mitophagy was induced in cells lacking UBXN1, mitochondrial translocation of VCP and PRKN was impaired, diminishing mitophagic flux. In addition, UBXN1 physically interacted with PRKN in a UBX-domain depending manner. Interestingly, ectopic expression of the pro-mitophagic VCP cofactor UBXN6/UBXD1 fully reversed impaired PRKN recruitment in UBXN1-/- cells. Mechanistically, UBXN1 acted downstream of PINK1 by facilitating MFN2 removal from mitochondria. In UBXN1-/- cells exposed to mitochondrial stress, MFN2 formed para-mitochondrial blobs likely representing blocked intermediates of the MFN2 removal process partly reversible by expression of UBXN6. Presence of these MFN2 blobs strongly correlated with impaired PRKN translocation to depolarized mitochondria. Our observations connect the VCP cofactor UBXN1 to the initiation and maintenance phase of PRKN-dependent mitophagy, and indicate that, upon mitochondrial stress induction, MFN2 removal from mitochondria occurs through a specialized process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Mengus
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Neutzner
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Claudia C Bippes
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Corina Kohler
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Decembrini
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jessica Häusel
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Charles Hemion
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lara Sironi
- Division of Neuropathology, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Frank
- Division of Neuropathology, Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hendrik P N Scholl
- Clinical Research Center, Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Albert Neutzner
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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20
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Johnson AE, Orr BO, Fetter RD, Moughamian AJ, Primeaux LA, Geier EG, Yokoyama JS, Miller BL, Davis GW. SVIP is a molecular determinant of lysosomal dynamic stability, neurodegeneration and lifespan. Nat Commun 2021; 12:513. [PMID: 33479240 PMCID: PMC7820495 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20796-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Missense mutations in Valosin-Containing Protein (VCP) are linked to diverse degenerative diseases including IBMPFD, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), muscular dystrophy and Parkinson's disease. Here, we characterize a VCP-binding co-factor (SVIP) that specifically recruits VCP to lysosomes. SVIP is essential for lysosomal dynamic stability and autophagosomal-lysosomal fusion. SVIP mutations cause muscle wasting and neuromuscular degeneration while muscle-specific SVIP over-expression increases lysosomal abundance and is sufficient to extend lifespan in a context, stress-dependent manner. We also establish multiple links between SVIP and VCP-dependent disease in our Drosophila model system. A biochemical screen identifies a disease-causing VCP mutation that prevents SVIP binding. Conversely, over-expression of an SVIP mutation that prevents VCP binding is deleterious. Finally, we identify a human SVIP mutation and confirm the pathogenicity of this mutation in our Drosophila model. We propose a model for VCP disease based on the differential, co-factor-dependent recruitment of VCP to intracellular organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa E Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Brian O Orr
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Richard D Fetter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Armen J Moughamian
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Logan A Primeaux
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Ethan G Geier
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Jennifer S Yokoyama
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Graeme W Davis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
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21
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Matsubara T, Izumi Y, Oda M, Takahashi M, Maruyama H, Miyamoto R, Watanabe C, Tachiyama Y, Morino H, Kawakami H, Saito Y, Murayama S. An autopsy report of a familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis case carrying VCP Arg487His mutation with a unique TDP-43 proteinopathy. Neuropathology 2021; 41:118-126. [PMID: 33415820 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We here report an autopsy case of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) with p.Arg487His mutation in the valosin-containing protein (VCP) gene (VCP), in which upper motor neurons (UMNs) were predominantly involved. Moreover, our patient developed symptoms of frontotemporal dementia later in life and pathologically exhibited numerous phosphorylated transactivation response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (p-TDP-43)-positive neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions and short dystrophic neurites with a few lentiform neuronal intranuclear inclusions, sharing the features of frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 pathology type A pattern. A review of previous reports of ALS with VCP mutations suggests that our case is unique in terms of its UMN-predominant lesion pattern and distribution of p-TDP-43 pathology. Thus, this case report effectively expands the clinical and pathological phenotype of ALS in patients with a VCP mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyasu Matsubara
- Department of Neurology, Mifukai Vihara Hananosato Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Neurology and Neuropathology (The Brain Bank for Aging Research), Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuishin Izumi
- Department of Neurology, Mifukai Vihara Hananosato Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masaya Oda
- Department of Neurology, Mifukai Vihara Hananosato Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Hirofumi Maruyama
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Miyamoto
- Department of Neurology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Chigusa Watanabe
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Hiroshima-Nishi Medical Center, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Tachiyama
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Hospital Organization Hiroshima-Nishi Medical Center, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Morino
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan.,Department of Epidemiology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hideshi Kawakami
- Department of Epidemiology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuko Saito
- Department of Neurology and Neuropathology (The Brain Bank for Aging Research), Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeo Murayama
- Department of Neurology and Neuropathology (The Brain Bank for Aging Research), Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan.,Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development (Brain Bank for Neurodevelopmental, Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders), United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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22
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Pakravan D, Orlando G, Bercier V, Van Den Bosch L. Role and therapeutic potential of liquid-liquid phase separation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Mol Cell Biol 2020; 13:15-28. [PMID: 32976566 PMCID: PMC8036000 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjaa049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a late-onset neurodegenerative disease selectively affecting motor neurons, leading to progressive paralysis. Although most cases are sporadic, ∼10% are familial. Similar proteins are found in aggregates in sporadic and familial ALS, and over the last decade, research has been focused on the underlying nature of this common pathology. Notably, TDP-43 inclusions are found in almost all ALS patients, while FUS inclusions have been reported in some familial ALS patients. Both TDP-43 and FUS possess ‘low-complexity domains’ (LCDs) and are considered as ‘intrinsically disordered proteins’, which form liquid droplets in vitro due to the weak interactions caused by the LCDs. Dysfunctional ‘liquid–liquid phase separation’ (LLPS) emerged as a new mechanism linking ALS-related proteins to pathogenesis. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on ALS-related gene products associated with a proteinopathy and discuss their status as LLPS proteins. In addition, we highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting LLPS for treating ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donya Pakravan
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven—University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gabriele Orlando
- Switch Laboratory, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Valérie Bercier
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven—University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ludo Van Den Bosch
- Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven—University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Correspondence to: Ludo Van Den Bosch, E-mail:
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23
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Häkkinen S, Chu SA, Lee SE. Neuroimaging in genetic frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 145:105063. [PMID: 32890771 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have a strong clinical, genetic and pathological overlap. This review focuses on the current understanding of structural, functional and molecular neuroimaging signatures of genetic FTD and ALS. We overview quantitative neuroimaging studies on the most common genes associated with FTD (MAPT, GRN), ALS (SOD1), and both (C9orf72), and summarize visual observations of images reported in the rarer genes (CHMP2B, TARDBP, FUS, OPTN, VCP, UBQLN2, SQSTM1, TREM2, CHCHD10, TBK1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvi Häkkinen
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie A Chu
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Suzee E Lee
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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24
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Sooragonda BG, Agarwal S, Benjamin RN, Prabhakar AT, Sivadasan A, Kapoor N, Cherian KE, Jebasingh FK, Aaron S, Thomas N, Mathew V, Asha HS, Paul TV. Bone Mineral Density and Body Composition in Males with Motor Neuron Disease: A Study from Teaching Hospital in Southern Part of India. Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2020; 24:211-216. [PMID: 34220065 PMCID: PMC8232495 DOI: 10.4103/aian.aian_293_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are important aspects of motor neuron disease (MND). Individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (MND-ALS) have an increased risk of falls and fractures. Currently, the standard of care does not involve a routine assessment of bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition in these patients. We aimed to assess BMD, bone mineral parameters and body composition in men with MND and compared them with healthy controls. Methods Consecutive males between 50 and 80 years of age diagnosed as MND-ALS by revised El Escorial criteria and able to walk unassisted attending Neurology outpatient clinic were recruited into the study. Age, gender and body mass index (BMI) matched healthy controls were recruited from the local community. BMD and body composition were assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Bone mineral parameters and bone turnover markers (BTMs) were also assessed in them. Results A total of 30 subjects with MND-ALS and 33 controls were recruited. The mean age (years) was 59.2 in cases and 61.2 in controls. The mean BMD (g/cm2) between the two groups was similar; however, BTMs were significantly higher in the MND group (P < 0.05). Subjects with MND-ALS had significantly lower mean appendicular lean mass (ALM) (19.9 versus 22.4 kg; P = 0.007) and ALM corrected for BMI than the healthy control group (0.858 versus 0.934 kg/kg/m2; P = 0.034). Sarcopenic obesity (Percentage fat mass >27% + ALM/BMI <0.786 kg/kg/m2) was more prevalent in MND-ALS compared to controls (44.5% versus 16.7%; P = 0.03). Conclusion Although BMD was not significantly different between subjects with MND-ALS and healthy controls, BTMs were significantly higher in the MND group indicating a high bone turnover state. Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity were also more in MND-ALS group than controls. Routine assessment for bone health parameters and body composition indices may be included in management of the patients with MND.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandeep Agarwal
- Department of Endocrinology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - A T Prabhakar
- Department of Neurology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ajith Sivadasan
- Department of Neurology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nitin Kapoor
- Department of Endocrinology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kripa E Cherian
- Department of Endocrinology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Felix K Jebasingh
- Department of Endocrinology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sanjith Aaron
- Department of Neurology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nihal Thomas
- Department of Endocrinology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vivek Mathew
- Department of Neurology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hesarghatta S Asha
- Department of Endocrinology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thomas V Paul
- Department of Endocrinology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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25
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Beers DR, Appel SH. Immune dysregulation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: mechanisms and emerging therapies. Lancet Neurol 2020; 18:211-220. [PMID: 30663610 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(18)30394-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a common pathological feature of many neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and is characterised by activated CNS microglia and astroglia, proinflammatory peripheral lymphocytes, and macrophages. Data from clinical studies show that multiple genetic mutations linked to ALS (eg, mutations in SOD1, TARDBP, and C9orf72) enhance this neuroinflammation, which provides compelling evidence for immune dysregulation in the pathogenesis of ALS. Transgenic rodent models expressing these mutations induce an ALS-like disease with accompanying inflammatory responses, confirming the immune system's involvement in disease progression. Even in the absence of known genetic alterations, immune dysregulation has been shown to lead to dysfunctional regulatory T lymphocytes and increased proinflammatory macrophages in clinical studies. Therefore, an improved understanding of the biological processes that induce this immune dysregulation will help to identify therapeutic strategies that circumvent or ameliorate the pathogenesis of ALS. Emerging cell-based therapies hold the promise of accomplishing this goal and, therefore, improving quality of life and extending survival in patients with ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Beers
- Department of Neurology, Houston Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stanley H Appel
- Department of Neurology, Houston Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
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26
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Zhang T, Hay BA, Guo M. Generation, Analyzing and in-vivo Drug Treatment of Drosophila Models with IBMPFD. Bio Protoc 2020; 10:e3621. [PMID: 33659294 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Missense mutations of p97/cdc48/Valosin-containing protein (VCP) cause inclusion body myopathy, Paget disease with frontotemporal dementia (IBMPFD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. The pathological mechanism of IBMPFD is not clear and there is no treatment. We generated Drosophila models of IBMPFD in adult flight muscle in vivo. Here we describe a variety of assays to characterize disease pathology and dissect disease mechanism, and the consequences of in vivo feeding of VCP inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Department of Neurology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Bruce A Hay
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Ming Guo
- Department of Neurology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,California Nanosystems Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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27
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Marcos AT, Martín‐Doncel E, Morejón‐García P, Marcos‐Alcalde I, Gómez‐Puertas P, Segura‐Puimedon M, Armengol L, Navarro‐Pando JM, Lazo PA. VRK1 (Y213H) homozygous mutant impairs Cajal bodies in a hereditary case of distal motor neuropathy. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2020; 7:808-818. [PMID: 32365420 PMCID: PMC7261760 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Distal motor neuropathies with a genetic origin have a heterogeneous clinical presentation with overlapping features affecting distal nerves and including spinal muscular atrophies and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. This indicates that their genetic background is heterogeneous. PATIENT AND METHODS In this work, we have identified and characterized the genetic and molecular base of a patient with a distal sensorimotor neuropathy of unknown origin. For this study, we performed whole-exome sequencing, molecular modelling, cloning and expression of mutant gene, and biochemical and cell biology analysis of the mutant protein. RESULTS A novel homozygous recessive mutation in the human VRK1 gene, coding for a chromatin kinase, causing a substitution (c.637T > C; p.Tyr213His) in exon 8, was detected in a patient presenting since childhood a progressive distal sensorimotor neuropathy and spinal muscular atrophy syndrome, with normal intellectual development. Molecular modelling predicted this mutant VRK1 has altered the kinase activation loop by disrupting its interaction with the C-terminal regulatory region. The p.Y213H mutant protein has a reduced kinase activity with different substrates, including histones H3 and H2AX, proteins involved in DNA damage responses, such as p53 and 53BP1, and coilin, the scaffold for Cajal bodies. The mutant VRK1(Y213H) protein is unable to rescue the formation of Cajal bodies assembled on coilin, in the absence of wild-type VRK1. CONCLUSION The VRK1(Y213H) mutant protein alters the activation loop, impairs the kinase activity of VRK1 causing a functional insufficiency that impairs the formation of Cajal bodies assembled on coilin, a protein that regulates SMN1 and Cajal body formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana T. Marcos
- Unidad de GenéticaInstituto para el Estudio de la Biología de la Reproducción Humana (INEBIR)SevillaSpain
| | - Elena Martín‐Doncel
- Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer ProgramInstituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del CáncerConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Universidad de SalamancaSalamancaSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL)Hospital Universitario de SalamancaSalamancaSpain
| | - Patricia Morejón‐García
- Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer ProgramInstituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del CáncerConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Universidad de SalamancaSalamancaSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL)Hospital Universitario de SalamancaSalamancaSpain
| | - Iñigo Marcos‐Alcalde
- Molecular Modelling GroupCentro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa”CSIC‐Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, CantoblancoMadridSpain
- School of Experimental SciencesBiosciences Research InstituteUniversidad Francisco de VitoriaPozuelo de Alarcón, MadridSpain
| | - Paulino Gómez‐Puertas
- Molecular Modelling GroupCentro de Biología Molecular “Severo Ochoa”CSIC‐Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, CantoblancoMadridSpain
| | - María Segura‐Puimedon
- Quantitative Genomic Medicine Laboratories, qGenomicsEspluges de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain
| | - Lluis Armengol
- Quantitative Genomic Medicine Laboratories, qGenomicsEspluges de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain
| | - José M. Navarro‐Pando
- Unidad de GenéticaInstituto para el Estudio de la Biología de la Reproducción Humana (INEBIR)SevillaSpain
- Cátedra de Reproducción y Genética HumanaFacultad de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Europea del AtlánticoSantanderSpain
- Fundación Universitaria Iberoamericana (FUNIBER)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Pedro A. Lazo
- Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer ProgramInstituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del CáncerConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Universidad de SalamancaSalamancaSpain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL)Hospital Universitario de SalamancaSalamancaSpain
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28
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Martinelli I, Zucchi E, Gessani A, Fini N, Chiò A, Pecoraro V, Trenti T, Mandrioli J. A novel p.N66T mutation in exon 3 of the SOD1 gene: report of two families of ALS patients with early cognitive impairment. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2020; 21:296-300. [PMID: 32248719 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2020.1746344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: To date more than 180 different mutations in the SOD1 gene have been described in ALS; some of these mutations are associated to peculiar clinical features and have contributed to the understanding of disease heterogeneity. Only 5% of SOD1 mutations involve exon 3. Here we report a novel mutation c.197A > C in the exon 3 of the SOD1 gene in two apparently unrelated ALS families with early respiratory and cognitive impairment.Case report: In the first family two brothers developed ALS in their seventies, with arm weakness followed by bulbar involvement and behavioral breakdown. An unrelated 57-year-old man presented with progressive leg weakness and mild compromised executive functions without known family history for ALS/FTD and underwent invasive ventilation in a few months. A novel missense mutation A to C at codon 197 in exon 3 causing aminoacid substitution of arginine by threonine (N66T) was found for all of them. Harmful consequences of c.197A > C mutation on SOD1 function were suggested by in silico prediction and homology with other known mutations at the same position.Discussion and conclusion: Here, we report two apparently unrelated ALS families carrying a novel SOD1 mutation (N66T), supporting its pathogenic role by primary analysis, and characterized by early bulbar, respiratory, and cognitive involvement. Early cognitive impairment has been rarely described in ALS caused by SOD1 mutations, and mainly in the later phases of the disease. This report provides additional data on the SOD1 mutation spectrum and clinical presentation of ALS, widening phenotypical characterization of SOD1 ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Martinelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Zucchi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Annalisa Gessani
- Department of Neuroscience, Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Nicola Fini
- Department of Neuroscience, Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Adriano Chiò
- ALS Center "Rita Levi Montalcini" Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy; The Neuroscience Institute of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Valentina Pecoraro
- Laboratory of Toxycology and Advanced Diagnostics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena, Italy
| | - Tommaso Trenti
- Laboratory of Toxycology and Advanced Diagnostics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Modena, Italy
| | - Jessica Mandrioli
- Department of Neuroscience, Ospedale Civile S. Agostino Estense, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
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29
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Mishra P, Zhang T, Guo M, Chan D. Mitochondrial Respiratory Measurements in Patient-derived Fibroblasts. Bio Protoc 2019; 9:e3446. [PMID: 33654941 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with a number of human diseases. As an example, we recently established in vivo Drosophila models of IBMPFD (Inclusion body myopathy, Paget disease, and frontotemporal dementia), and uncovered that human disease mutations of the p97/VCP (Valosin Containing Protein) gene behave as hyperactive alleles associated with mitochondrial defects. Pharmacologic inhibition of VCP strongly suppressed disease and mitochondrial pathology in these animal models. In this protocol, we describe a method to evaluate mitochondrial respiratory function in IBMPFD patient-derived fibroblasts, as well as investigate the role of pharmacologic treatments. These experiments complement work done in animal models by investigating mitochondrial biology and the pharmacologic response in a human cell-based model of the disease. In principle, this technique can be used to investigate mitochondrial respiratory function for any disease in which patient-derived fibroblasts are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Mishra
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Neurology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ming Guo
- Department of Neurology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,California Nanosystems Institute at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - David Chan
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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30
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Li P, Liu A, Liu C, Qu Z, Xiao W, Huang J, Liu Z, Zhang S. Role and mechanism of catechin in skeletal muscle cell differentiation. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 74:108225. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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31
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Kustermann M, Manta L, Paone C, Kustermann J, Lausser L, Wiesner C, Eichinger L, Clemen CS, Schröder R, Kestler HA, Sandri M, Rottbauer W, Just S. Loss of the novel Vcp (valosin containing protein) interactor Washc4 interferes with autophagy-mediated proteostasis in striated muscle and leads to myopathy in vivo. Autophagy 2018; 14:1911-1927. [PMID: 30010465 PMCID: PMC6152520 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1491491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
VCP/p97 (valosin containing protein) is a key regulator of cellular proteostasis. It orchestrates protein turnover and quality control in vivo, processes fundamental for proper cell function. In humans, mutations in VCP lead to severe myo- and neuro-degenerative disorders such as inclusion body myopathy with Paget disease of the bone and frontotemporal dementia (IBMPFD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) or and hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP). We analyzed here the in vivo role of Vcp and its novel interactor Washc4/Swip (WASH complex subunit 4) in the vertebrate model zebrafish (Danio rerio). We found that targeted inactivation of either Vcp or Washc4, led to progressive impairment of cardiac and skeletal muscle function, structure and cytoarchitecture without interfering with the differentiation of both organ systems. Notably, loss of Vcp resulted in compromised protein degradation via the proteasome and the macroautophagy/autophagy machinery, whereas Washc4 deficiency did not affect the function of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) but caused ER stress and interfered with autophagy function in vivo. In summary, our findings provide novel insights into the in vivo functions of Vcp and its novel interactor Washc4 and their particular and distinct roles during proteostasis in striated muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kustermann
- a Molecular Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II , University of Ulm , Ulm , Germany
| | - Linda Manta
- a Molecular Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II , University of Ulm , Ulm , Germany
| | - Christoph Paone
- a Molecular Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II , University of Ulm , Ulm , Germany
| | - Jochen Kustermann
- b Institute of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, Department of Biology , University of Ulm , Ulm , Germany
| | - Ludwig Lausser
- c Institute of Medical Systems Biology , University of Ulm , Ulm , Germany
| | - Cora Wiesner
- a Molecular Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II , University of Ulm , Ulm , Germany
| | - Ludwig Eichinger
- d Centre for Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty , University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Christoph S Clemen
- d Centre for Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty , University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany.,e Department of Neurology, Heimer Institute for Muscle Research , University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum , Bochum , Germany
| | - Rolf Schröder
- f Institute of Neuropathology , University Hospital Erlangen , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Hans A Kestler
- c Institute of Medical Systems Biology , University of Ulm , Ulm , Germany
| | - Marco Sandri
- g Department of Biomedical Science, Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM) , University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Wolfgang Rottbauer
- h Department of Internal Medicine II , University of Ulm , Ulm , Germany
| | - Steffen Just
- a Molecular Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II , University of Ulm , Ulm , Germany
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32
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Al-Obeidi E, Al-Tahan S, Surampalli A, Goyal N, Wang AK, Hermann A, Omizo M, Smith C, Mozaffar T, Kimonis V. Genotype-phenotype study in patients with valosin-containing protein mutations associated with multisystem proteinopathy. Clin Genet 2018; 93:119-125. [PMID: 28692196 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in valosin-containing protein (VCP), an ATPase involved in protein degradation and autophagy, cause VCP disease, a progressive autosomal dominant adult onset multisystem proteinopathy. The goal of this study is to examine if phenotypic differences in this disorder could be explained by the specific gene mutations. We therefore studied 231 individuals (118 males and 113 females) from 36 families carrying 15 different VCP mutations. We analyzed the correlation between the different mutations and prevalence, age of onset and severity of myopathy, Paget's disease of bone (PDB), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and other comorbidities. Myopathy, PDB and FTD was present in 90%, 42% and 30% of the patients, respectively, beginning at an average age of 43, 41, and 56 years, respectively. Approximately 9% of patients with VCP mutations had an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) phenotype, 4% had been diagnosed with Parkinson's disease (PD), and 2% had been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Large interfamilial and intrafamilial variation made establishing correlations difficult. We did not find a correlation between the mutation type and the incidence of any of the clinical features associated with VCP disease, except for the absence of PDB with the R159C mutation in our cohort and R159C having a later age of onset of myopathy compared with other molecular subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Al-Obeidi
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California
| | - S Al-Tahan
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California
| | - A Surampalli
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California
| | - N Goyal
- Neuromuscular Program, Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California
| | - A K Wang
- Neuromuscular Program, Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California
| | - A Hermann
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität Dresden, and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Research Side Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - M Omizo
- Deschutes Osteoporosis Center, Bend, Oregon
| | - C Smith
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky Medical School, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - T Mozaffar
- Neuromuscular Program, Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California
| | - V Kimonis
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California
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Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating, uniformly lethal degenerative disorder of motor neurons that overlaps clinically with frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Investigations of the 10% of ALS cases that are transmitted as dominant traits have revealed numerous gene mutations and variants that either cause these disorders or influence their clinical phenotype. The evolving understanding of the genetic architecture of ALS has illuminated broad themes in the molecular pathophysiology of both familial and sporadic ALS and FTD. These central themes encompass disturbances of protein homeostasis, alterations in the biology of RNA binding proteins, and defects in cytoskeletal dynamics, as well as numerous downstream pathophysiological events. Together, these findings from ALS genetics provide new insight into therapies that target genetically distinct subsets of ALS and FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Ghasemi
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655
| | - Robert H Brown
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655
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34
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Al-Tahan S, Al-Obeidi E, Yoshioka H, Lakatos A, Weiss L, Grafe M, Palmio J, Wicklund M, Harati Y, Omizo M, Udd B, Kimonis V. Novel valosin-containing protein mutations associated with multisystem proteinopathy. Neuromuscul Disord 2018; 28:491-501. [PMID: 29754758 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over fifty missense mutations in the gene coding for valosin-containing protein (VCP) are associated with a unique autosomal dominant adult-onset progressive disease associated with combinations of proximo-distal inclusion body myopathy (IBM), Paget's disease of bone (PDB), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We report the clinical, histological, and molecular findings in four new patients/families carrying novel VCP mutations: c.474 G > A (p.M158I); c.478 G > C (p.A160P); c.383G > C (p.G128A); and c.382G > T (p.G128C). Clinical features included myopathy, PDB, ALS and Parkinson's disease though frontotemporal dementia was not an associated feature in these families. One of the patients was noted to have severe manifestations of PDB and was suspected of having neoplasia. There were wide inter- and intra-familial variations making genotype-phenotype correlations difficult between the novel mutations and frequency or age of onset of IBM, PDB, FTD, ALS and Parkinson's disease. Increasing awareness of the full spectrum of clinical presentations will improve diagnosis of VCP-related diseases and thus proactively manage or prevent associated clinical features such as PDB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sejad Al-Tahan
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Ebaa Al-Obeidi
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Hiroshi Yoshioka
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Anita Lakatos
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Lan Weiss
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, CA
| | - Marjorie Grafe
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Johanna Palmio
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Tampere University and University Hospital, Neurology, Tampere, Finland
| | - Matt Wicklund
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO
| | - Yadollah Harati
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Bjarne Udd
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Tampere University and University Hospital, Neurology, Tampere, Finland; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and the Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Neurology Department, Vasa Central Hospital, Vasa, Finland
| | - Virginia Kimonis
- Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, CA.
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35
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Lee Y, Jonson PH, Sarparanta J, Palmio J, Sarkar M, Vihola A, Evilä A, Suominen T, Penttilä S, Savarese M, Johari M, Minot MC, Hilton-Jones D, Maddison P, Chinnery P, Reimann J, Kornblum C, Kraya T, Zierz S, Sue C, Goebel H, Azfer A, Ralston SH, Hackman P, Bucelli RC, Taylor JP, Weihl CC, Udd B. TIA1 variant drives myodegeneration in multisystem proteinopathy with SQSTM1 mutations. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:1164-1177. [PMID: 29457785 DOI: 10.1172/jci97103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Multisystem proteinopathy (MSP) involves disturbances of stress granule (SG) dynamics and autophagic protein degradation that underlie the pathogenesis of a spectrum of degenerative diseases that affect muscle, brain, and bone. Specifically, identical mutations in the autophagic adaptor SQSTM1 can cause varied penetrance of 4 distinct phenotypes: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), frontotemporal dementia, Paget's disease of the bone, and distal myopathy. It has been hypothesized that clinical pleiotropy relates to additional genetic determinants, but thus far, evidence has been lacking. Here, we provide evidence that a TIA1 (p.N357S) variant dictates a myodegenerative phenotype when inherited, along with a pathogenic SQSTM1 mutation. Experimentally, the TIA1-N357S variant significantly enhances liquid-liquid-phase separation in vitro and impairs SG dynamics in living cells. Depletion of SQSTM1 or the introduction of a mutant version of SQSTM1 similarly impairs SG dynamics. TIA1-N357S-persistent SGs have increased association with SQSTM1, accumulation of ubiquitin conjugates, and additional aggregated proteins. Synergistic expression of the TIA1-N357S variant and a SQSTM1-A390X mutation in myoblasts leads to impaired SG clearance and myotoxicity relative to control myoblasts. These findings demonstrate a pathogenic connection between SG homeostasis and ubiquitin-mediated autophagic degradation that drives the penetrance of an MSP phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- YouJin Lee
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Per Harald Jonson
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Sarparanta
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johanna Palmio
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mohona Sarkar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Anna Vihola
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anni Evilä
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiina Suominen
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Sini Penttilä
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Marco Savarese
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mridul Johari
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marie-Christine Minot
- Neuromuscular Competence Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - David Hilton-Jones
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Maddison
- Department of Neurology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Chinnery
- MRC-Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jens Reimann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Cornelia Kornblum
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Centre for Rare Diseases Bonn (ZSEB), Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Torsten Kraya
- Department of Neurology, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Stephan Zierz
- Department of Neurology, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Carolyn Sue
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney, St Leonard's, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hans Goebel
- Department of Neuropathology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Asim Azfer
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart H Ralston
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Hackman
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Robert C Bucelli
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - J Paul Taylor
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA
| | - Conrad C Weihl
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Bjarne Udd
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Department of Medical Genetics, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Neuromuscular Research Center, Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.,Department of Neurology, Vaasa Central Hospital, Vaasa, Finland
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36
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Abstract
Patients and their family members often ask about genetic testing for asymptomatic individuals who are at risk for developing a genetic disorder. Ordering a genetic test is a complex process involving consideration of many basic ethical principles including autonomy, beneficence, and nonmaleficence, as well as the physician's duty to act in the patient's best interest. Physicians have many choices regarding what tests to order, and they must develop the knowledge and skills to best discuss genetic testing with their patients. Integration of core ethical principles into these processes will permit physicians to best serve their patients when obtaining informed consent, considering advantages and harms of potential results, disclosing those results, and providing follow-up.
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37
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Alzheimer’s Disease and Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration: Mouse Models. NEURODEGENER DIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72938-1_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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38
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Byrne DJ, Harmon MJ, Simpson JC, Blackstone C, O'Sullivan NC. Roles for the VCP co-factors Npl4 and Ufd1 in neuronal function in Drosophila melanogaster. J Genet Genomics 2017; 44:493-501. [PMID: 29037990 PMCID: PMC5666124 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The VCP-Ufd1-Npl4 complex regulates proteasomal processing within cells by delivering ubiquitinated proteins to the proteasome for degradation. Mutations in VCP are associated with two neurodegenerative diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and inclusion body myopathy with Paget's disease of the bone and frontotemporal dementia (IBMPFD), and extensive study has revealed crucial functions of VCP within neurons. By contrast, little is known about the functions of Npl4 or Ufd1 in vivo. Using neuronal-specific knockdown of Npl4 or Ufd1 in Drosophila melanogaster, we infer that Npl4 contributes to microtubule organization within developing motor neurons. Moreover, Npl4 RNAi flies present with neurodegenerative phenotypes including progressive locomotor deficits, reduced lifespan and increased accumulation of TAR DNA-binding protein-43 homolog (TBPH). Knockdown, but not overexpression, of TBPH also exacerbates Npl4 RNAi-associated adult-onset neurodegenerative phenotypes. In contrast, we find that neuronal knockdown of Ufd1 has little effect on neuromuscular junction (NMJ) organization, TBPH accumulation or adult behaviour. These findings suggest the differing neuronal functions of Npl4 and Ufd1 in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dwayne J Byrne
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Mark J Harmon
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Jeremy C Simpson
- UCD School of Biology and Environmental Science, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Craig Blackstone
- Cell Biology Section, Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Niamh C O'Sullivan
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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39
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Hirano M, Yamagishi Y, Yanagimoto S, Saigoh K, Nakamura Y, Kusunoki S. Time Course of Radiological Imaging and Variable Interindividual Symptoms in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia Associated with p.Arg487His Mutation in the VCP Gene. Eur Neurol 2017; 78:78-83. [PMID: 28738334 DOI: 10.1159/000478906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To our knowledge, this is the first study to report the time course of radiological imaging of 3 patients from 2 families with VCP-related amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and dementia. Both families shared the same p.Arg487His mutation in the VCP gene encoding valosin-containing protein. The first patient started to have a typical form of ALS, followed by dementia 7 years later. The second patient, a brother of the first one, had frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism. The third patient had simultaneous ALS and dementia. All patients seemed to have progressive brain atrophy as their clinical symptoms progressed. The common and characteristic finding was atrophy of the temporal lobes including the hippocampi. The relation between imaging findings and symptoms varied considerably among the 3 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makito Hirano
- Department of Neurology, Sakai Hospital Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Sakai, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuko Yamagishi
- Department of Neurology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yanagimoto
- Department of Neurology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Saigoh
- Department of Neurology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yusaku Nakamura
- Department of Neurology, Sakai Hospital Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Sakai, Japan
| | - Susumu Kusunoki
- Department of Neurology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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40
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Ye Y, Tang WK, Zhang T, Xia D. A Mighty "Protein Extractor" of the Cell: Structure and Function of the p97/CDC48 ATPase. Front Mol Biosci 2017; 4:39. [PMID: 28660197 PMCID: PMC5468458 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2017.00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
p97/VCP (known as Cdc48 in S. cerevisiae or TER94 in Drosophila) is one of the most abundant cytosolic ATPases. It is highly conserved from archaebacteria to eukaryotes. In conjunction with a large number of cofactors and adaptors, it couples ATP hydrolysis to segregation of polypeptides from immobile cellular structures such as protein assemblies, membranes, ribosome, and chromatin. This often results in proteasomal degradation of extracted polypeptides. Given the diversity of p97 substrates, this "segregase" activity has profound influence on cellular physiology ranging from protein homeostasis to DNA lesion sensing, and mutations in p97 have been linked to several human diseases. Here we summarize our current understanding of the structure and function of this important cellular machinery and discuss the relevant clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Ye
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, MD, United States
| | - Wai Kwan Tang
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ting Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, MD, United States
| | - Di Xia
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, MD, United States
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41
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Shahheydari H, Ragagnin A, Walker AK, Toth RP, Vidal M, Jagaraj CJ, Perri ER, Konopka A, Sultana JM, Atkin JD. Protein Quality Control and the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/Frontotemporal Dementia Continuum. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:119. [PMID: 28539871 PMCID: PMC5423993 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein homeostasis, or proteostasis, has an important regulatory role in cellular function. Protein quality control mechanisms, including protein folding and protein degradation processes, have a crucial function in post-mitotic neurons. Cellular protein quality control relies on multiple strategies, including molecular chaperones, autophagy, the ubiquitin proteasome system, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) and the formation of stress granules (SGs), to regulate proteostasis. Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the presence of misfolded protein aggregates, implying that protein quality control mechanisms are dysfunctional in these conditions. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are neurodegenerative diseases that are now recognized to overlap clinically and pathologically, forming a continuous disease spectrum. In this review article, we detail the evidence for dysregulation of protein quality control mechanisms across the whole ALS-FTD continuum, by discussing the major proteins implicated in ALS and/or FTD. We also discuss possible ways in which protein quality mechanisms could be targeted therapeutically in these disorders and highlight promising protein quality control-based therapeutics for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Shahheydari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie UniversitySydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Audrey Ragagnin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie UniversitySydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Adam K Walker
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie UniversitySydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Reka P Toth
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie UniversitySydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Marta Vidal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie UniversitySydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Cyril J Jagaraj
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie UniversitySydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Emma R Perri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie UniversitySydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anna Konopka
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie UniversitySydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jessica M Sultana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie UniversitySydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Julie D Atkin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie UniversitySydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe UniversityMelbourne, VIC, Australia
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42
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Couratier P, Corcia P, Lautrette G, Nicol M, Marin B. ALS and frontotemporal dementia belong to a common disease spectrum. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2017; 173:273-279. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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43
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Zhang T, Guo C, Liao X, Xia J, Wang X, Deng J, Yan J. Genetic analysis of RNF213 p.R4810K variant in non-moyamoya intracranial artery stenosis/occlusion disease in a Chinese population. Environ Health Prev Med 2017; 22:41. [PMID: 29165136 PMCID: PMC5664791 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-017-0649-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES RNF213 p.R4810K was identified as a susceptibility variant for moyamoya disease in Asia and non-moyamoya intracranial artery stenosis/occlusion disease in Japan and Korea recently. The occurrence of this variant was evaluated in patients with non-moyamoya intracranial artery stenosis/occlusion disease in China. METHODS Two study populations were used in this study. One was recruited from the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from April 2015 to May 2016. The other was the archived DNA samples of intracranial artery stenosis/occlusion patients in XiangYa Hospital collected in 2014. The occurrence of RNF213 p.R4810K was investigated in a total of 715 patients with non-moyamoya intracranial artery stenosis/occlusion disease. The carrier rate of RNF213 p.R4810K in 507 normal individuals was used as control. RESULTS Six of 715 patients (0.84%) with non-moyamoya intracranial artery stenosis/occlusion disease and 2 of the 507 normal controls (0.39%) had RNF213 p.R4810K variant. The carrier rate of RNF213 p.R4810K was higher in non-moyamoya intracranial artery stenosis/occlusion group than that in the normal group. However, no statistically significant association was observed (Odds ratio, 2.14; 95% confidence interval, 0.43-10.63; p = 0.56). CONCLUSIONS The carrier rate of RNF213 p.R4810K in Chinese non-moyamoya intracranial artery stenosis/occlusion disease patients was significantly lower than that in Korea or Japan. Genetic heterogeneity was highly indicated. Further systematic genetic epidemiology studies with emphasis on Chinese-specific genetic variants and environmental risk factors of intracranial artery stenosis/occlusion disease in larger population are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Congrong Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Xin Liao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Shang Mayuanling, KaiFu District, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Jian Xia
- Department of Neurology, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - XiaoXiao Wang
- Department of Neurology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Jing Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Shang Mayuanling, KaiFu District, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Junxia Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Shang Mayuanling, KaiFu District, Changsha, 410078, China.
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44
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Zhang T, Mishra P, Hay BA, Chan D, Guo M. Valosin-containing protein (VCP/p97) inhibitors relieve Mitofusin-dependent mitochondrial defects due to VCP disease mutants. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28322724 PMCID: PMC5360448 DOI: 10.7554/elife.17834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Missense mutations of valosin-containing protein (VCP) cause an autosomal dominant disease known as inclusion body myopathy, Paget disease with frontotemporal dementia (IBMPFD) and other neurodegenerative disorders. The pathological mechanism of IBMPFD is not clear and there is no treatment. We show that endogenous VCP negatively regulates Mitofusin, which is required for outer mitochondrial membrane fusion. Because 90% of IBMPFD patients have myopathy, we generated an in vivo IBMPFD model in adult Drosophila muscle, which recapitulates disease pathologies. We show that common VCP disease mutants act as hyperactive alleles with respect to regulation of Mitofusin. Importantly, VCP inhibitors suppress mitochondrial defects, muscle tissue damage and cell death associated with IBMPFD models in Drosophila. These inhibitors also suppress mitochondrial fusion and respiratory defects in IBMPFD patient fibroblasts. These results suggest that VCP disease mutants cause IBMPFD through a gain-of-function mechanism, and that VCP inhibitors have therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Department of Neurology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angele, United States
| | - Prashant Mishra
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
| | - Bruce A Hay
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
| | - David Chan
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, United States
| | - Ming Guo
- Department of Neurology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angele, United States.,Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, United States
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45
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Fil D, DeLoach A, Yadav S, Alkam D, MacNicol M, Singh A, Compadre CM, Goellner JJ, O’Brien CA, Fahmi T, Basnakian AG, Calingasan NY, Klessner JL, Beal FM, Peters OM, Metterville J, Brown RH, Ling KK, Rigo F, Ozdinler PH, Kiaei M. Mutant Profilin1 transgenic mice recapitulate cardinal features of motor neuron disease. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:686-701. [PMID: 28040732 PMCID: PMC5968635 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent identification of profilin1 mutations in 25 familial ALS cases has linked altered function of this cytoskeleton-regulating protein to the pathogenesis of motor neuron disease. To investigate the pathological role of mutant profilin1 in motor neuron disease, we generated transgenic lines of mice expressing human profilin1 with a mutation at position 118 (hPFN1G118V). One of the mouse lines expressing high levels of mutant human PFN1 protein in the brain and spinal cord exhibited many key clinical and pathological features consistent with human ALS disease. These include loss of lower (ventral horn) and upper motor neurons (corticospinal motor neurons in layer V), mutant profilin1 aggregation, abnormally ubiquitinated proteins, reduced choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) enzyme expression, fragmented mitochondria, glial cell activation, muscle atrophy, weight loss, and reduced survival. Our investigations of actin dynamics and axonal integrity suggest that mutant PFN1 protein is associated with an abnormally low filamentous/globular (F/G)-actin ratio that may be the underlying cause of severe damage to ventral root axons resulting in a Wallerian-like degeneration. These observations indicate that our novel profilin1 mutant mouse line may provide a new ALS model with the opportunity to gain unique perspectives into mechanisms of neurodegeneration that contribute to ALS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Fil
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology
| | | | | | - Duah Alkam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology
| | | | | | | | - Joseph J. Goellner
- Division of Endocrinology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, AR,
USA
| | - Charles A. O’Brien
- Division of Endocrinology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, AR,
USA
| | | | - Alexei G. Basnakian
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology
- Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Noel Y. Calingasan
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New
York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jodi L. Klessner
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of
Medicine, 303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 6011, USA
| | - Flint M. Beal
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New
York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Owen M. Peters
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School,
Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Jake Metterville
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School,
Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Robert H. Brown
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School,
Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Karen K.Y. Ling
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New
York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Frank Rigo
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New
York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - P. Hande Ozdinler
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of
Medicine, 303 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 6011, USA
| | - Mahmoud Kiaei
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology
- Physiology and Biophysics
- Center for Translational Neuroscience
- Department of Neurology
- Department of Geriatrics, The University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences,
AR, USA
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46
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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Pathogenesis Converges on Defects in Protein Homeostasis Associated with TDP-43 Mislocalization and Proteasome-Mediated Degradation Overload. Curr Top Dev Biol 2017; 121:111-171. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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47
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Sabatelli M, Marangi G, Conte A, Tasca G, Zollino M, Lattante S. New ALS-Related Genes Expand the Spectrum Paradigm of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Brain Pathol 2016; 26:266-75. [PMID: 26780671 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by the degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons. Clinical heterogeneity is a well-recognized feature of the disease as age of onset, site of onset and the duration of the disease can vary greatly among patients. A number of genes have been identified and associated to familial and sporadic forms of ALS but the majority of cases remains still unexplained. Recent breakthrough discoveries have demonstrated that clinical manifestations associated with ALS-related genes are not circumscribed to motor neurons involvement. In this view, ALS appears to be linked to different conditions over a continuum or spectrum in which overlapping phenotypes may be identified. In this review, we aim to examine the increasing number of spectra, including ALS/Frontotemporal Dementia and ALS/Myopathies spectra. Considering all these neurodegenerative disorders as different phenotypes of the same spectrum can help to identify common pathological pathways and consequently new therapeutic targets in these incurable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Sabatelli
- Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orthopedics, Clinic Center NEMO-Roma. Institute of Neurology
| | - Giuseppe Marangi
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Amelia Conte
- Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orthopedics, Clinic Center NEMO-Roma. Institute of Neurology
| | | | - Marcella Zollino
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Lattante
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
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48
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Tang WK, Xia D. Mutations in the Human AAA + Chaperone p97 and Related Diseases. Front Mol Biosci 2016; 3:79. [PMID: 27990419 PMCID: PMC5131264 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2016.00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of neurodegenerative diseases have been linked to mutations in the human protein p97, an abundant cytosolic AAA+ (ATPase associated with various cellular activities) ATPase, that functions in a large number of cellular pathways. With the assistance of a variety of cofactors and adaptor proteins, p97 couples the energy of ATP hydrolysis to conformational changes that are necessary for its function. Disease-linked mutations, which are found at the interface between two main domains of p97, have been shown to alter the function of the protein, although the pathogenic mutations do not appear to alter the structure of individual subunit of p97 or the formation of the hexameric biological unit. While exactly how pathogenic mutations alter the cellular function of p97 remains unknown, functional, biochemical and structural differences between wild-type and pathogenic mutants of p97 are being identified. Here, we summarize recent progress in the study of p97 pathogenic mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Kwan Tang
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Di Xia
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD, USA
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49
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Gang Q, Bettencourt C, Machado PM, Brady S, Holton JL, Pittman AM, Hughes D, Healy E, Parton M, Hilton-Jones D, Shieh PB, Needham M, Liang C, Zanoteli E, de Camargo LV, De Paepe B, De Bleecker J, Shaibani A, Ripolone M, Violano R, Moggio M, Barohn RJ, Dimachkie MM, Mora M, Mantegazza R, Zanotti S, Singleton AB, Hanna MG, Houlden H. Rare variants in SQSTM1 and VCP genes and risk of sporadic inclusion body myositis. Neurobiol Aging 2016; 47:218.e1-218.e9. [PMID: 27594680 PMCID: PMC5082791 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Genetic factors have been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM). Sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1) and valosin-containing protein (VCP) are 2 key genes associated with several neurodegenerative disorders but have yet to be thoroughly investigated in sIBM. A candidate gene analysis was conducted using whole-exome sequencing data from 181 sIBM patients, and whole-transcriptome expression analysis was performed in patients with genetic variants of interest. We identified 6 rare missense variants in the SQSTM1 and VCP in 7 sIBM patients (4.0%). Two variants, the SQSTM1 p.G194R and the VCP p.R159C, were significantly overrepresented in this sIBM cohort compared with controls. Five of these variants had been previously reported in patients with degenerative diseases. The messenger RNA levels of major histocompatibility complex genes were upregulated, this elevation being more pronounced in SQSTM1 patient group. We report for the first time potentially pathogenic SQSTM1 variants and expand the spectrum of VCP variants in sIBM. These data suggest that defects in neurodegenerative pathways may confer genetic susceptibility to sIBM and reinforce the mechanistic overlap in these neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Gang
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, UK; MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Conceição Bettencourt
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, UK; Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Pedro M Machado
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, UK; MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, UK; Centre for Rheumatology, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stefen Brady
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, UK; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Janice L Holton
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Alan M Pittman
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, UK; Reta Lila Weston Laboratories, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Deborah Hughes
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Estelle Healy
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Matthew Parton
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - David Hilton-Jones
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Perry B Shieh
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Merrilee Needham
- Western Australian Neurosciences Research Institute (WANRI), University of Western Australia and Murdoch University, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Christina Liang
- Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Edmar Zanoteli
- Department of Neurology, Medical School of the University of São Paulo (FMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Boel De Paepe
- Department of Neurology and Neuromuscular Reference Centre, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan De Bleecker
- Department of Neurology and Neuromuscular Reference Centre, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Michela Ripolone
- Neuromuscular Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Centre, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Violano
- Neuromuscular Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Centre, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Moggio
- Neuromuscular Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Dino Ferrari Centre, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Marina Mora
- Neuromuscular Diseases and Neuroimmunology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Isitituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Renato Mantegazza
- Neuromuscular Diseases and Neuroimmunology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Isitituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Simona Zanotti
- Neuromuscular Diseases and Neuroimmunology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Isitituto Neurologico C. Besta, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrew B Singleton
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael G Hanna
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, UK; MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, UK.
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, UK; MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, UK; Neurogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Neurology, University College London, Queen Square, London, UK.
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50
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One family, one gene and three phenotypes: A novel VCP (valosin-containing protein) mutation associated with myopathy with rimmed vacuoles, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. J Neurol Sci 2016; 368:352-8. [PMID: 27538664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND VCP (valosin-containing protein gene) variants have been associated with peripheral and central neurodegenerative processes, including inclusion body myopathy (IBM), Paget disease of bone (PDB), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) type 14. The combination of IBM, PDB (IBMPFD1) can presented in one individual. However, the association of IBMPFD1 and ALS in the same family is rare. METHODS We reported three individuals from a Brazilian kindred with intrafamilial phenotype variability. Whole exome sequencing (WES) of the proband was performed and revealed a novel VCP variant. VCP Sanger sequencing was performed in the proband and his family members to confirm WES finding and segregation. We performed a systematic review of the literature regarding the genotypic-phenotypic VCP correlations. RESULTS Each individual presented with either myopathy with rimmed vacuoles, ALS, or FTD. There was no PDB. WES of the proband identified the heterozygous variant c.271A>T (p.Asn91Tyr) in the exon 3 of VCP. Sanger sequencing confirmed the segregation of this variant in an autosomal-dominant pattern. CONCLUSION This study expands the genotypic spectrum of the missense mutations of the VCP gene with a novel p.Asn91Tyr variant found in a Brazilian family presenting with the unusual intrafamiliar association of myopathy with rimmed vacuoles, ALS and FTD.
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