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Monteiro A, Castro P, Pereira G, Ferreira C, Polonia J, Lobo M, Azevedo E. Cerebral blood flow regulation and cognitive performance in hypertension. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024:271678X241254680. [PMID: 38738526 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x241254680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
We examined the relation between transcranial Doppler (TCD) markers of cerebral blood flow regulation and cognitive performance in hypertension (HT) patients to evaluate the predictive value of these markers for cognitive decline. We assessed dynamic cerebral autoregulation (dCA), vasoreactivity to carbon dioxide, and neurovascular coupling (NVC) in the middle (MCA) and posterior (PCA) cerebral arteries of 52 patients. Neuropsychological evaluation included the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and tests covering attention, executive function, processing speed, and memory. Notably, reduced rate time in the PCA significantly predicted better processing speed (p = 0.003). Furthermore, reduced overshoot systolic cerebral blood velocity in the PCA and reduced phase in the VLF range in the MCA (p = 0.021 and p = 0.017, respectively) significantly predicted better memory. Intriguingly, enhanced dCA in the MCA predicted poorer memory performance, while reduced NVC in the PCA predicted both superior processing speed and memory performance. These findings suggest that HT-induced changes in cerebral hemodynamics impact cognitive performance. Further research should verify these observations and elucidate whether these changes represent adaptive responses or neurovascular inefficiency. TCD markers might provide insights into HT-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Monteiro
- UnIC@RISE, Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Neurology, Unidade Local de Saúde Alto Ave - Hospital de Guimarães, E.P.E., Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Pedro Castro
- UnIC@RISE, Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, E.P.E., Porto, Portugal
| | - Gilberto Pereira
- Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, E.P.E., Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Ferreira
- Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, E.P.E., Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Polonia
- CINTESIS@RISE, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Unit, Unidade Local de Saúde de Matosinhos, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Mariana Lobo
- CINTESIS@RISE, MEDCIDS Department, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elsa Azevedo
- UnIC@RISE, Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, E.P.E., Porto, Portugal
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2
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Fan D, Zhao H, Liu H, Niu H, Liu T, Wang Y. Abnormal brain activities of cognitive processes in cerebral small vessel disease: A systematic review of task fMRI studies. J Neuroradiol 2024; 51:155-167. [PMID: 37844660 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurad.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is characterized by widespread functional changes in the brain, as evident from abnormal brain activations during cognitive tasks. However, the existing findings in this area are not yet conclusive. We systematically reviewed 25 studies reporting task-related fMRI in five cognitive domains in CSVD, namely executive function, working memory, processing speed, motor, and affective processing. The findings highlighted: (1) CSVD affects cognitive processes in a domain-specific manner; (2) Compensatory and regulatory effects were observed simultaneously in CSVD, which may reflect the interplay between the negative impact of brain lesion and the positive impact of cognitive reserve. Combined with behavioral and functional findings in CSVD, we proposed an integrated model to illustrate the relationship between altered activations and behavioral performance in different stages of CSVD: functional brain changes may precede and be more sensitive than behavioral impairments in the early pre-symptomatic stage; Meanwhile, compensatory and regulatory mechanisms often occur in the early stages of the disease, while dysfunction/decompensation and dysregulation often occur in the late stages. Overall, abnormal hyper-/hypo-activations are crucial for understanding the mechanisms of small vessel lesion-induced behavioral dysfunction, identifying potential neuromarker and developing interventions to mitigate the impact of CSVD on cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqiong Fan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Haichao Zhao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China; Faculty of Psychology, MOE Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Haijun Niu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yilong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing TianTan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, Beijing, China.
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3
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de Paula França Resende E, Lara VP, Santiago ALC, Friedlaender CV, Rosen HJ, Brown JA, Cobigo Y, Silva LLG, de Souza LC, Rincon L, Grinberg LT, Maciel FIP, Caramelli P. Literacy, but not memory, is associated with hippocampal connectivity in illiterate adults. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3053775. [PMID: 37398238 PMCID: PMC10312990 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3053775/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Background The influence of hippocampal connectivity on memory performance is well established in individuals with high educational attainment. However, the role of hippocampal connectivity in illiterate populations remains poorly understood. Methods Thirty-five illiterate adults were administered a literacy assessment (Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults - TOFHLA), structural and resting state functional MRI and an episodic memory test (Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test). Illiteracy was defined as a TOFHLA score below 53. We evaluated the correlation between hippocampal connectivity at rest and both free recall and literacy scores. Results Participants were mostly female (57.1%) and Black (84.8%), with a median age of 50 years. The median TOFHLA literacy score was 28.0 [21.0;42.5] out of 100 points and the median free recall score was 30.0 [26.2;35] out of 48 points. The median gray matter volume of both the left and right hippocampi was 2.3 [2.1; 2.4] cm3. We observed a significant connectivity between both hippocampi and the precuneus and the ventral medial prefrontal cortex. Interestingly, the right hippocampal connectivity positively correlated with the literacy scores (β = 0.58, p = 0.008). There was no significant association between episodic memory and hippocampal connectivity. Neither memory nor literacy scores correlated with hippocampal gray matter volume. Conclusions Low literacy levels correlate with hippocampal connectivity in illiterate adults. The lack of association with memory scores might be associated with low brain reserve in illiterate adults.
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Balboa-Bandeira Y, Zubiaurre-Elorza L, García-Guerrero MA, Ibarretxe-Bilbao N, Ojeda N, Peña J. Effects of transcranial electrical stimulation techniques on foreign vocabulary learning. Behav Brain Res 2023; 438:114165. [PMID: 36270464 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Although the use of transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) techniques on healthy population has been linked to facilitating language learning, studies on their effects on foreign language learning processes are scarce and results remain unclear. The objective of this study was to analyze whether tES enhances foreign language learning processes. Sixty-four healthy native Spanish-speaking participants were randomly assigned to four groups (transcranial direct current, transcranial random noise, tDCS-tRNS stimulation, or sham). They completed two intervention sessions with a two-week gap in between. During the first session the participants received stimulation (1.5 mA) while learning new English words and then performed recall and recognition tasks. Learning was assessed at follow-up, two weeks later. No differences in learning between groups were observed in the first session (F(1,61)= .86; p = .36). At follow-up, significantly higher learning accuracy was observed after tRNS compared to sham (p = .037). These results suggest that tRNS could be helpful in improving the processes involved in foreign language vocabulary learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Balboa-Bandeira
- Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Leire Zubiaurre-Elorza
- Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - M Acebo García-Guerrero
- Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Naroa Ibarretxe-Bilbao
- Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Natalia Ojeda
- Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Javier Peña
- Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain.
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5
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Auzmendi-Iriarte J, Moreno-Cugnon L, Saenz-Antoñanzas A, Grassi D, de Pancorbo MM, Arevalo MA, Wood IC, Matheu A. High levels of HDAC expression correlate with microglial aging. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:911-922. [PMID: 36503367 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2158081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular damage gradually accumulates with aging, promoting a time-dependent functional decline of the brain. Microglia play an essential regulatory role in maintaining cognitive activity by phagocytosing cell debris and apoptotic cells during neurogenesis. The activities of different histone deacetylases (HDACs) regulate microglial function during development and neurodegeneration. However, no studies have described the role of HDACs in microglia during physiological aging. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS HDAC and microglial marker levels were examined in microglial cells after inducing senescence in vitro and in mouse and human hippocampal biopsies in vivo, using quantitative real-time PCR. Publicly available datasets were used to determine HDAC expression in different brain areas during physiological aging. RESULTS HDAC expression increased upon the induction of senescence with bleomycin or serial passage in microglial cultures. High levels of HDACs were detected in mice and aged human brain samples. Human hippocampal samples showed a positive correlation between the expression of HDAC1, 3, and 7 and microglial and senescence markers. HDAC1 and 3 levels are enriched in the purified aged microglial population. CONCLUSIONS Several HDACs, particularly HDAC1, are elevated in microglia upon senescence induction in vitro and with aging in vivo, and correlate with microglial and senescence biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leire Moreno-Cugnon
- Cellular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | | | - Daniela Grassi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neuroscience, Autonoma University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marian M de Pancorbo
- BIOMICs Research Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Maria-Angeles Arevalo
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto Cajal, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ian C Wood
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Ander Matheu
- Cellular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain.,CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Madrid, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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6
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Voss MW, Jain S. Getting Fit to Counteract Cognitive Aging: Evidence and Future Directions. Physiology (Bethesda) 2022; 37:0. [PMID: 35001656 PMCID: PMC9191193 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00038.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical activity has shown tremendous promise for counteracting cognitive aging, but also tremendous variability in cognitive benefits. We describe evidence for how exercise affects cognitive and brain aging, and whether cardiorespiratory fitness is a key factor. We highlight a brain network framework as a valuable paradigm for the mechanistic insight needed to tailor physical activity for cognitive benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle W. Voss
- 1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa,2Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa,3Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Shivangi Jain
- 1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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7
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Ye Q, Zhu H, Chen H, Liu R, Huang L, Chen H, Cheng Y, Qin R, Shao P, Xu H, Ma J, Xu Y. Effects of cognitive reserve proxies on cognitive function and frontoparietal control network in subjects with white matter hyperintensities: A cross-sectional functional magnetic resonance imaging study. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 28:932-941. [PMID: 35274485 PMCID: PMC9062549 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims This study aimed to analyze the potential association between cognition reserve (CR) components, including education, working activity, and leisure time activity, and cognitive function in subjects with white matter hyperintensities (WMH). The study also explored the role of the frontoparietal control network (FPCN) in such association. Methods White matter hyperintensities subjects with and without cognitive impairment (CI) were evaluated with multimodal magnetic resonance imaging, neuropsychological testing, and CR survey. FPCN patterns were assessed with dorsolateral prefrontal cortex seed‐based functional connectivity analysis. Results Education was positively associated with cognitive function in WMH subjects with or without CI, whereas working activity and leisure time activity were positively associated with cognitive function only in those without CI. Similarly, education was associated with bilateral FPCN in both WMH groups, whereas working activity and leisure time activity were associated with bilateral FPCN mainly in the group without CI. Furthermore, FPCN partially mediated the association between education and cognitive function in both WMH groups. Conclusion Education showed a positive impact on cognitive function in WMH subjects regardless of their cognitive status, whereas working activity and leisure time activity exhibited beneficial effects only in those without CI. The FPCN mediated the beneficial effect of education on cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ye
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China.,Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huahong Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China.,Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiping Chen
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Renyuan Liu
- Department of Radiology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lili Huang
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Haifeng Chen
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruomeng Qin
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengfei Shao
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Hengheng Xu
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Junyi Ma
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical Center, Nanjing, China.,Department of Neurology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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8
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Kim T, Aizenstein HJ, Snitz BE, Cheng Y, Chang YF, Roush RE, Huppert TJ, Cohen A, Doman J, Becker JT. Tract Specific White Matter Lesion Load Affects White Matter Microstructure and Their Relationships With Functional Connectivity and Cognitive Decline. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 13:760663. [PMID: 35185514 PMCID: PMC8848259 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.760663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are associated with cognitive decline. Assessing the effect of WMH on WM microstructural changes and its relationships with structural and functional connectivity to multiple cognitive domains are helpful to better understand the pathophysiological processes of cognitive impairment. 65 participants (49 normal and 16 MCI subjects, age: 67.4 ± 8.3 years, 44 females) were studied at 3T. The WMHs and fifty fiber tracts were automatically segmented from the T1/T2-weighted images and diffusion-weighted images, respectively. Tract-profiles of WMH were compared with those of apparent fiber density (AFD). The relationship between AFD and tract connectivity (TC) was assessed. Functional connectivity (FC) between tract ends obtained from resting-state functional MRI was examined in relation to TC. Tract-specific relationships of WMH, TC and FC with a multi-domain neuropsychological test battery and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were also separately assessed by lasso linear regression. Indirect pathways of TC and FC between WMH and multiple cognitive measures were tested using the mediation analysis. Higher WMH loads in WM tracts were locally matched with the reduced AFD, which was related to decrease in TC. However, no direct relationship was found between TC and FC. Tract-specific changes on WMH, TC and FC for each cognitive performance may explain that macro- and microstructural and functional changes are associated differently with each cognitive domain in a fiber specific manner. In these identified tracts, the differences between normal and MCI for WMH and TC were increased, and the relationships of WMH, TC and FC with cognitive outcomes were more significant, compared to the results from all tracts. Indirect pathways of two-step (TC-FC) between WMH and all cognitive domains were significant (p < 0.0083 with Bonferroni correction), while the separated indirect pathways through TC and through FC were different depending on cognitive domain. Deterioration in specific cognitive domains may be affected by alterations in a set of different tracts that are differently associated with macrostructural, microstructural, and function changes. Thus, assessments of WMH and its associated changes on specific tracts help for better understanding of the interrelationships of multiple changes in cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Kim
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Tae Kim,
| | - Howard J. Aizenstein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Beth E. Snitz
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Yu Cheng
- Departments of Statistics and Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Yue-Fang Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Rebecca E. Roush
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Theodore J. Huppert
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Deparement of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Annie Cohen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jack Doman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - James T. Becker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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9
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Abellaneda-Pérez K, Vaqué-Alcázar L, Perellón-Alfonso R, Solé-Padullés C, Bargalló N, Salvador R, Ruffini G, Nitsche MA, Pascual-Leone A, Bartrés-Faz D. Multifocal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Modulates Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Older Adults Depending on the Induced Current Density. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:725013. [PMID: 34899266 PMCID: PMC8662695 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.725013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Combining non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) is a promising approach to characterize and potentially optimize the brain networks subtending cognition that changes as a function of age. However, whether multifocal NIBS approaches are able to modulate rs-fMRI brain dynamics in aged populations, and if these NIBS-induced changes are consistent with the simulated electric current distribution on the brain remains largely unknown. In the present investigation, thirty-one cognitively healthy older adults underwent two different multifocal real transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) conditions (C1 and C2) and a sham condition in a crossover design during a rs-fMRI acquisition. The real tDCS conditions were designed to electrically induce two distinct complex neural patterns, either targeting generalized frontoparietal cortical overactivity (C1) or a detachment between the frontal areas and the posteromedial cortex (C2). Data revealed that the two tDCS conditions modulated rs-fMRI differently. C1 increased the coactivation of multiple functional couplings as compared to sham, while a smaller number of connections increased in C1 as compared to C2. At the group level, C1-induced changes were topographically consistent with the calculated electric current density distribution. At the individual level, the extent of tDCS-induced rs-fMRI modulation in C1 was related with the magnitude of the simulated electric current density estimates. These results highlight that multifocal tDCS procedures can effectively change rs-fMRI neural functioning in advancing age, being the induced modulation consistent with the spatial distribution of the simulated electric current on the brain. Moreover, our data supports that individually tailoring NIBS-based interventions grounded on subject-specific structural data might be crucial to increase tDCS potential in future studies amongst older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kilian Abellaneda-Pérez
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lídia Vaqué-Alcázar
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruben Perellón-Alfonso
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Solé-Padullés
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Bargalló
- Section of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Diagnostic Image Center, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Magnetic Resonance Image Core Facility (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricardo Salvador
- Neuroelectrics, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Neuroelectrics, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giulio Ruffini
- Neuroelectrics, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Neuroelectrics, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael A Nitsche
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Medical Hospital Bergmannsheil, Bochum, Germany
| | - Alvaro Pascual-Leone
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research and Deanna and Sidney Wolk Center for Memory Health, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Guttmann Brain Health Institute, Guttmann University Institute of Neurorehabilitation, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - David Bartrés-Faz
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Guttmann Brain Health Institute, Guttmann University Institute of Neurorehabilitation, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
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10
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Balboa-Bandeira Y, Zubiaurre-Elorza L, Ibarretxe-Bilbao N, Ojeda N, Peña J. Effects of transcranial electrical stimulation techniques on second and foreign language learning enhancement in healthy adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuropsychologia 2021; 160:107985. [PMID: 34371068 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) techniques have been used to enhance different cognitive domains such as language in healthy adults. While several reviews and meta-analysis have been conducted on the effects of tES on different language skills (picture naming, verbal fluency, word reading), there has been little research conducted to date on the effects of tES on the processes involved in foreign language learning. OBJECTIVE A meta-analysis was performed to quantify the effects of tES on foreign language learning processes (non-words, artificial grammar, and foreign languages), focusing on accuracy, response times and 1-week follow-up effects, if reported by the studies. RESULTS Eleven studies that had sham condition were reviewed. Nine of them were analyzed, including five using within-participant design, and four that employed between-participant design. The final analysis encompassed nine studies with 279 healthy participants. The analysis showed moderate enhancing effects of tES on overall language learning (g = 0.50, 95 % CI [0.29, 0.71], p = .0001). However, results were not significant on follow up data (g = 0.54, 95 % CI [-0.12, 1.20], p = .07), and on response times (g = 0.50, 95 % CI [-0.1, 1.18], p = .10). The effects were significantly moderated by years of education. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that tES seems to enhance the mechanisms involved in foreign language learning; however, more research is needed to understand the impact scope of these techniques on language learning processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Natalia Ojeda
- Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Javier Peña
- Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain.
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11
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Mohanty R, Gonzalez-Burgos L, Diaz-Flores L, Muehlboeck JS, Barroso J, Ferreira D, Westman E. Functional Connectivity and Compensation of Phonemic Fluency in Aging. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:644611. [PMID: 34290598 PMCID: PMC8287584 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.644611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural compensatory mechanisms associated with broad cognitive abilities have been studied. However, those associated with specific cognitive subdomains (e.g., verbal fluency) remain to be investigated in healthy aging. Here, we delineate: (a) neural substrates of verbal (phonemic) fluency, and (b) compensatory mechanisms mediating the association between these neural substrates and phonemic fluency. We analyzed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging from 133 right-handed, cognitively normal individuals who underwent the Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT) to record their phonemic fluency. We evaluated functional connectivity in an established and extended language network comprising Wernicke, Broca, thalamic and anti-correlated modules. (a) We conducted voxel-wise multiple linear regression to identify the brain areas associated with phonemic fluency. (b) We used mediation effects of cognitive reserve, measured by the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale—Information subtest, upon the association between functional connectivity and phonemic fluency tested to investigate compensation. We found that: (a) Greater functional connectivity between the Wernicke module and brain areas within the anti-correlated module was associated with better performance in phonemic fluency, (b) Cognitive reserve was an unlikely mediator in younger adults. In contrast, cognitive reserve was a partial mediator of the association between functional connectivity and phonemic fluency in older adults, likely representing compensation to counter the effect of aging. We conclude that in healthy aging, higher performance in phonemic fluency at older ages could be attributed to greater functional connectivity partially facilitated by higher cognitive reserve, presumably reflecting compensatory mechanisms to minimize the effect of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaleena Mohanty
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lissett Gonzalez-Burgos
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychobiology and Methodology, Faculty of Psychology, University of La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Lucio Diaz-Flores
- Hospital Universitario de Canarias, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - J-Sebastian Muehlboeck
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - José Barroso
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychobiology and Methodology, Faculty of Psychology, University of La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Daniel Ferreira
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychobiology and Methodology, Faculty of Psychology, University of La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain.,Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Eric Westman
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neuroimaging, Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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12
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Vaqué-Alcázar L, Abellaneda-Pérez K, Solé-Padullés C, Bargalló N, Valls-Pedret C, Ros E, Sala-Llonch R, Bartrés-Faz D. Functional brain changes associated with cognitive trajectories determine specific tDCS-induced effects among older adults. J Neurosci Res 2021; 99:2188-2200. [PMID: 34047384 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The combination of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can provide original data to investigate age-related brain changes. We examined neural activity modulations induced by two multifocal tDCS procedures based on two distinct montages fitting two N-back task-based fMRI patterns ("compensatory" and "maintenance") related to high working memory (WM) in a previous publication (Fernández-Cabello et al. Neurobiol Aging (2016);48:23-33). We included 24 participants classified as stable or decliners according to their 4-year WM trajectories following a retrospective longitudinal approach. Then, we studied longitudinal fMRI differences between groups (stable and decliners) and across multifocal tDCS montages ("compensatory" and "maintenance") applied using a single-blind sham-controlled cross-over design. Decliners evidenced over-activation of non-related WM areas after 4 years of follow-up. Focusing on tDCS effects, among the decliner group, the "compensatory"-tDCS montage reduced the activity over the posterior regions where these subjects showed longitudinal hyperactivation. These results reinforce the notion that tDCS effects are characterized by an activity reduction and might be more noticeable in compromised systems. Importantly, the data provide novel evidence that cognitive trajectories predict tDCS effects in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lídia Vaqué-Alcázar
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kilian Abellaneda-Pérez
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Solé-Padullés
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Bargalló
- Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Neuroradiology Section, Radiology Service, Centre de Diagnòstic per la Imatge, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cinta Valls-Pedret
- Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roser Sala-Llonch
- Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Bartrés-Faz
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB, Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Fischer FU, Wolf D, Tüscher O, Fellgiebel A. Structural Network Efficiency Predicts Resilience to Cognitive Decline in Elderly at Risk for Alzheimer's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:637002. [PMID: 33692682 PMCID: PMC7937862 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.637002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Functional imaging studies have demonstrated the recruitment of additional neural resources as a possible mechanism to compensate for age and Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related cerebral pathology, the efficacy of which is potentially modulated by underlying structural network connectivity. Additionally, structural network efficiency (SNE) is associated with intelligence across the lifespan, which is a known factor for resilience to cognitive decline. We hypothesized that SNE may be a surrogate of the physiological basis of resilience to cognitive decline in elderly persons without dementia and with age- and AD-related cerebral pathology.Methods: We included 85 cognitively normal elderly subjects or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients submitted to baseline diffusion imaging, liquor specimens, amyloid-PET and longitudinal cognitive assessments. SNE was calculated from baseline MRI scans using fiber tractography and graph theory. Mixed linear effects models were estimated to investigate the association of higher resilience to cognitive decline with higher SNE and the modulation of this association by increased cerebral amyloid, liquor tau or WMHV. Results: For the majority of cognitive outcome measures, higher SNE was associated with higher resilience to cognitive decline (p-values: 0.011-0.039). Additionally, subjects with higher SNE showed more resilience to cognitive decline at higher cerebral amyloid burden (p-values: <0.001-0.036) and lower tau levels (p-values: 0.002-0.015).Conclusion: These results suggest that SNE to some extent may quantify the physiological basis of resilience to cognitive decline most effective at the earliest stages of AD, namely at increased amyloid burden and before increased tauopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian U. Fischer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Center for Mental Health in Old Age, Landeskrankenhaus (AöR), Mainz, Germany
| | - Dominik Wolf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Center for Mental Health in Old Age, Landeskrankenhaus (AöR), Mainz, Germany
| | - Oliver Tüscher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Fellgiebel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Center for Mental Health in Old Age, Landeskrankenhaus (AöR), Mainz, Germany
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14
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Gonzalez-Burgos L, Barroso J, Ferreira D. Cognitive reserve and network efficiency as compensatory mechanisms of the effect of aging on phonemic fluency. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:23351-23378. [PMID: 33203801 PMCID: PMC7746387 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Compensation in cognitive aging is a topic of recent interest. However, factors contributing to cognitive compensation in functions such as phonemic fluency (PF) are not completely understood. Using cross-sectional data, we investigated cognitive reserve (CR) and network efficiency in young (32-58 years) versus old (59-84 years) individuals with high versus low performance in PF. ANCOVA was used to investigate the interaction between CR, age, and performance in PF. Random forest and graph theory analyses were conducted to study the contribution of cognition to PF and efficiency measures, respectively. Higher CR increased performance in PF and reduced age-related differences in PF. A slightly higher number of cognitive functions contributed to performance in high CR groups. The networks were more integrated in high CR individuals, both in the older age and high-performance groups. The strength and segregation of the networks were decreased in high-performance groups with high CR. We conclude that PF decreases less with age in individuals with higher CR, possibly due to a greater capacity to recruit non-linguistic cognitive networks, and efficient use of language networks, thereby integrating information in a rapid way across less fragmented networks. High CR and network efficiency seem to be important factors for cognitive compensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lissett Gonzalez-Burgos
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychobiology and Methodology, Faculty of Health Science, Section of Psychology and Speech Therapy, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - José Barroso
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychobiology and Methodology, Faculty of Health Science, Section of Psychology and Speech Therapy, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Daniel Ferreira
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychobiology and Methodology, Faculty of Health Science, Section of Psychology and Speech Therapy, University of La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Zahodne LB, Mayeda ER, Hohman TJ, Fletcher E, Racine AM, Gavett B, Manly JJ, Schupf N, Mayeux R, Brickman AM, Mungas D. The role of education in a vascular pathway to episodic memory: brain maintenance or cognitive reserve? Neurobiol Aging 2019; 84:109-118. [PMID: 31539647 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Educational attainment is associated with cognition among older adults, but this association is complex and not well understood. While associated with better cognition among healthy adults, more education predicts faster decline in older adults with cognitive impairment. Education may influence cognitive functioning through mechanisms involving brain maintenance (BM: reduced age-related pathology) or cognitive reserve (CR: altered pathology-cognition association). We examined evidence for each mechanism by quantifying main and interaction effects of education within a well-studied pathway involving systolic blood pressure, white matter hyperintensities (WMH), and episodic memory in 2 samples without dementia at the baseline (total N = 1136). There were no effects of education on systolic blood pressure or WMH, suggesting a lack of evidence for BM. In the sample less likely to progress to dementia, education attenuated the effect of WMH on memory at the baseline. In the sample more likely to progress to dementia, education exacerbated this effect at the baseline. These moderations provide evidence for a CR mechanism and are consistent with previous findings of faster decline once CR is depleted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura B Zahodne
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Elizabeth Rose Mayeda
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Timothy J Hohman
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Evan Fletcher
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | | | - Brandon Gavett
- School of Psychological Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Jennifer J Manly
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicole Schupf
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Departments of Epidemiology and Psychiatry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard Mayeux
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Departments of Neurology, Epidemiology, and Psychiatry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adam M Brickman
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dan Mungas
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
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16
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The Modulatory Effect of Cerebrovascular Burden in Response to Cognitive Stimulation in Healthy Ageing and Mild Cognitive Impairment. Neural Plast 2019; 2019:2305318. [PMID: 31467519 PMCID: PMC6701285 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2305318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cerebrovascular burden is a common pathology in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), with an additive impact on cognitive functioning. Despite being proposed as a potential moderator of cholinesterase inhibiting drug therapy, there is a paucity of evidence investigating the impact of cerebrovascular pathology on responsiveness to cognitive interventions. Method The current study uses neuropsychological, neurostructural, and functional connectivity indices to characterise response to a cognitive stimulation paradigm in 25 healthy ageing and 22 MCI participants, to examine the hypothesised detrimental effects of concurrent vascular pathology. Results In both healthy ageing and MCI, increased levels of vascular pathology limited the potential for a neuroplastic response to cognitive stimulation. In healthy ageing, participants with lower levels of vascular burden had greater functional connectivity response in the target posterior default mode network. Those with low levels of vascular pathology in the MCI cohort had increased functional connectivity of the right insula and claustrum within the salience network. Burden did not, however, predict cognitive or neuroanatomical changes. Conclusions The current research evidences the modulatory effect of cerebrovascular pathology in interventions aimed at re-establishing network connectivity to prevent cognitive deterioration and delay the transition to the dementia stage of AD. Examination of co-occurring vascular pathology may improve precision in targeting treatment to MCI candidates who may respond optimally to such cognitive interventions.
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17
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Muñoz Maniega S, Meijboom R, Chappell FM, Valdés Hernández MDC, Starr JM, Bastin ME, Deary IJ, Wardlaw JM. Spatial Gradient of Microstructural Changes in Normal-Appearing White Matter in Tracts Affected by White Matter Hyperintensities in Older Age. Front Neurol 2019; 10:784. [PMID: 31404147 PMCID: PMC6673707 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are commonly seen on structural MRI of older adults and are a manifestation of underlying and adjacent tissue damage. WMH may contribute to cortical disconnection and cognitive dysfunction, but it is unclear how WMH affect intersecting or nearby white matter tract integrity. This study investigated the effects of WMH on tract microstructure by determining the spatial distribution of water diffusion characteristics in white matter tract areas adjacent to both intersecting and nearby WMH. Methods: We used diffusion and structural MRI data from 52 representative participants from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (72.2 ± 0.7 years) including a range of WMH burden. We segmented WMH, reconstructed 18 main white mater tracts using automated quantitative tractography and identified intersections between tracts and WMH. We measured mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) in tract tissue at 2 mm incremental distances from tract-intersecting and non-intersecting (nearby) WMH. Results: We observed a spatial gradient of FA and MD abnormalities for most white matter tracts which diminished with a similar distance pattern for tract-intersecting and nearby WMH. Overall, FA was higher, while MD was lower around nearby WMH compared with tract-intersecting WMH. However, for some tracts, FA was lower in areas immediately surrounding nearby WMH, although with faster normalization than in FA values surrounding tract-intersecting WMH. Conclusion: WMH have similar effects on tract infrastructure, whether they be intersecting or nearby. However, the observed differences in tract water diffusion properties around WMH suggest that degenerative processes in small vessel disease may propagate further along the tract for intersecting WMH, while in some areas of the brain there is a larger and more localized accumulation of axonal damage in tract tissue nearby a non-connected WMH. Longitudinal studies should address differential effects of intersecting vs. nearby WMH progression and how they contribute to cognitive aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Muñoz Maniega
- Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Rozanna Meijboom
- Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC–University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Francesca M. Chappell
- Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Maria del C. Valdés Hernández
- Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - John M. Starr
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Mark E. Bastin
- Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ian J. Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Joanna M. Wardlaw
- Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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18
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Characterizing the Molecular Architecture of Cortical Regions Associated with High Educational Attainment in Older Individuals. J Neurosci 2019; 39:4566-4575. [PMID: 30962275 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2370-18.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroimaging investigations have revealed interindividual variations in anatomy, metabolism, activity, and connectivity of specific cortical association areas through which years of education (YoE), as a common proxy of cognitive reserve, may operate in the face of age- or pathology-associated brain changes. However, the associated molecular properties of YoE-related brain regions and the biological pathways involved remain poorly understood. In the present study we first identified brain areas that showed an association between cortical thickness and YoE among 122 cognitively healthy older human individuals (87 female). We subsequently characterized molecular properties of these regions by studying brain-wide microarray measurements of regional gene expression. In accordance with previous studies, we observed that YoE were associated with higher cortical thickness in medial prefrontal, anterior cingulate, and orbitofrontal areas. Compared with the rest of the cortex, these regions exhibited a distinct gene expression profile characterized by relative upregulation of gene sets implicated in ionotropic and metabotropic neurotransmission as well as activation of immune response. Our genome-wide expression profile analysis of YoE-related brain regions points to distinct molecular pathways that may underlie a higher capacity for plastic changes in response to lifetime intellectual enrichment and potentially also a higher resilience to age-related pathologic brain changes.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT We combined a neuroimaging-based analysis with a transcriptome-wide gene expression approach to investigate the molecular-functional properties of cortical regions associated with educational attainment, as a commonly used proxy for cognitive reserve, in older individuals. The strongest association with education was observed in specific areas of the medial prefrontal cortex, and these areas exhibited a distinct gene expression profile characterized by relative upregulation of gene sets implicated in neurotransmission and immune responses. These findings complement previous neuroimaging studies in the field and point to novel biological pathways that may mediate the beneficial effects of high educational attainment on adaptability to cope with, or prevent, age-related brain changes. The identified genes and pathways now warrant further exploration in mechanistic studies.
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19
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Benson G, Hildebrandt A, Lange C, Schwarz C, Köbe T, Sommer W, Flöel A, Wirth M. Functional connectivity in cognitive control networks mitigates the impact of white matter lesions in the elderly. Alzheimers Res Ther 2018; 10:109. [PMID: 30368250 PMCID: PMC6204269 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-018-0434-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebrovascular pathology, quantified by white matter lesions (WML), is known to affect cognition in aging, and is associated with an increased risk of dementia. The present study aimed to investigate whether higher functional connectivity in cognitive control networks mitigates the detrimental effect of WML on cognition. METHODS Nondemented older participants (≥ 50 years; n = 230) underwent cognitive evaluation, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Total WML volumes were quantified algorithmically. Functional connectivity was assessed in preselected higher-order resting state networks, namely the fronto-parietal, the salience, and the default mode network, using global and local measures. Latent moderated structural equations modeling examined direct and interactive relationships between WML volumes, functional connectivity, and cognition. RESULTS Larger WML volumes were associated with worse cognition, having a greater impact on executive functions (β = -0.37, p < 0.01) than on memory (β = -0.22, p < 0.01). Higher global functional connectivity in the fronto-parietal network and higher local connectivity between the salience network and medial frontal cortex significantly mitigated the impact of WML on executive functions, (unstandardized coefficients: b = 2.39, p = 0.01; b = 3.92, p = 0.01) but not on memory (b = -5.01, p = 0.51, b = 2.01, p = 0.07, respectively). No such effects were detected for the default mode network. CONCLUSION Higher functional connectivity in fronto-parietal and salience networks may protect against detrimental effects of WML on executive functions, the cognitive domain that was predominantly affected by cerebrovascular pathology. These results highlight the crucial role of cognitive control networks as a neural substrate of cognitive reserve in older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Benson
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Department of Neurology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Hildebrandt
- Department of Psychology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Catharina Lange
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Schwarz
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Department of Neurology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Theresa Köbe
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Department of Neurology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Studies on Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease Centre, Montreal, Quebec Canada
| | - Werner Sommer
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Agnes Flöel
- Department of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Miranka Wirth
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Department of Neurology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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20
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Franzmeier N, Hartmann JC, Taylor ANW, Araque Caballero MÁ, Simon-Vermot L, Buerger K, Kambeitz-Ilankovic LM, Ertl-Wagner B, Mueller C, Catak C, Janowitz D, Stahl R, Dichgans M, Duering M, Ewers M. Left Frontal Hub Connectivity during Memory Performance Supports Reserve in Aging and Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 59:1381-1392. [PMID: 28731448 PMCID: PMC5611800 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Reserve in aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD) is defined as maintaining cognition at a relatively high level in the presence of neurodegeneration, an ability often associated with higher education among other life factors. Recent evidence suggests that higher resting-state functional connectivity within the frontoparietal control network, specifically the left frontal cortex (LFC) hub, contributes to higher reserve. Following up these previous resting-state fMRI findings, we probed memory-task related functional connectivity of the LFC hub as a neural substrate of reserve. In elderly controls (CN, n = 37) and patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 17), we assessed global connectivity of the LFC hub during successful face-name association learning, using generalized psychophysiological interaction analyses. Reserve was quantified as residualized memory performance, accounted for gender and proxies of neurodegeneration (age, hippocampus atrophy, and APOE genotype). We found that greater education was associated with higher LFC-connectivity in both CN and MCI during successful memory. Furthermore, higher LFC-connectivity predicted higher residualized memory (i.e., reserve). These results suggest that higher LFC-connectivity contributes to reserve in both healthy and pathological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolai Franzmeier
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia C Hartmann
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Miguel Á Araque Caballero
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Lee Simon-Vermot
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE, Munich), Munich, Germany
| | | | - Birgit Ertl-Wagner
- Institute for Clinical Radiology, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Mueller
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Cihan Catak
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Stahl
- Institute for Clinical Radiology, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE, Munich), Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Marco Duering
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität LMU, Munich, Germany
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21
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Lang B, Kindy MS, Kozel FA, Schultz SK, Taheri S. Multi-Parametric Classification of Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: The Impact of Diverse Cerebrovascular Injury Biomarkers. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 62:39-60. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-170733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Lang
- Clinical Psychology Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Mark S. Kindy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida Tampa, FL, USA
- James A. Haley VA Medical Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - F. Andrew Kozel
- James A. Haley VA Medical Center, Tampa, FL, USA
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Susan K. Schultz
- James A. Haley VA Medical Center, Tampa, FL, USA
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Saeid Taheri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida Tampa, FL, USA
- Byrd Alzheimer’s Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
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22
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Sartor J, Bettecken K, Bernhard FP, Hofmann M, Gladow T, Lindig T, Ciliz M, Ten Kate M, Geritz J, Heinzel S, Benedictus M, Scheltens P, Hobert MA, Maetzler W. White Matter Changes-Related Gait and Executive Function Deficits: Associations with Age and Parkinson's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:213. [PMID: 28713264 PMCID: PMC5491602 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: White matter changes (WMC) are a common finding among older adults and patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), and have been associated with, e.g., gait deficits and executive dysfunction. How the factors age and PD influence WMC-related deficits is, to our best knowledge, not investigated to date. We hypothesized that advanced age and presence of PD leads to WMC-related symptoms while practicing tasks with a low complexity level, and low age and absence of PD leads to WMC-related symptoms while practicing tasks with a high complexity level. Methods: Hundred and thirty-eight participants [65 young persons without PD (50–69 years, yPn), 22 young PD patients (50–69 years, yPD), 36 old persons without PD (70–89 years, oPn) and 15 old PD patients (70–89 years, oPD)] were included. Presence and severity of WMC were determined with the modified Fazekas score. Velocity of walking under single and dual tasking conditions and the Trail Making Test (TMT) were used as gait and executive function parameters. Correlations between presence and severity of WMC, and gait and executive function parameters were tested in yPn, yPD, oPn, and oPD using Spearman's rank correlation, and significance between groups was evaluated with Fisher's z-transformed correlation coefficient. Results: yPn and yPD, as well as oPn and oPD did not differ regarding demographic and clinical parameters. Severity of WMC was not significantly different between groups. yPn and yPD displayed significant correlations of WMC with executive function parameters at low levels of task complexity, oPn at intermediate, and oPD at high complexity levels. Conclusion: This study argues for a relevant association of age and PD-related brain pathology with WMC-related gait and executive function deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Sartor
- Department of Neurodegeneration, Center for Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of TuebingenTuebingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Kristina Bettecken
- Department of Neurodegeneration, Center for Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of TuebingenTuebingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Felix P Bernhard
- Department of Neurodegeneration, Center for Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of TuebingenTuebingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)Tuebingen, Germany
| | | | | | - Tobias Lindig
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University of TuebingenTuebingen, Germany
| | - Meltem Ciliz
- Department of Neurodegeneration, Center for Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of TuebingenTuebingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Mara Ten Kate
- Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical CenterAmsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Johanna Geritz
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of KielKiel, Germany
| | - Sebastian Heinzel
- Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of KielKiel, Germany
| | - Marije Benedictus
- Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical CenterAmsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical CenterAmsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Markus A Hobert
- Department of Neurodegeneration, Center for Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of TuebingenTuebingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)Tuebingen, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of KielKiel, Germany
| | - Walter Maetzler
- Department of Neurodegeneration, Center for Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of TuebingenTuebingen, Germany.,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE)Tuebingen, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University of KielKiel, Germany
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23
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Harwood AE, Greenwood PM, Shaw TH. Transcranial Doppler Sonography Reveals Reductions in Hemispheric Asymmetry in Healthy Older Adults during Vigilance. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:21. [PMID: 28228722 PMCID: PMC5296296 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Given that older adults are remaining longer in the workforce, their ability to perform demanding cognitive tasks such as vigilance assignments needs to be thoroughly examined, especially since many vigilance assignments affect public safety (e.g., aviation, medicine and long distance driving). Previous research exploring the relation between aging and vigilance is conflicted, with some studies finding decreased vigilance performance in older adults but others finding no effect of age. We sought a better understanding of effects of age on vigilance by assessing neurophysiological change over the course of a vigil in young (aged 18–24) and healthy older (aged 66–77) adults. To measure temporal changes in cerebral blood flow, participants underwent functional transcranial doppler (fTCD) recording during a 1 h vigilance task. Based on research showing a compensatory effect of increased left hemisphere activation during vigilance in young adults and the “hemispheric asymmetry reduction in older adults” (HAROLD) model, we predicted that during vigilance our older adults would show greater left hemisphere activation but perform at a similar level compared to young adults. While cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) declined over time in both groups, only young adults showed the typical right-lateralized CBFV pattern. Older adults showed greater left hemisphere activation consistent with the HAROLD model. However, the increased left hemisphere activation did not appear to be compensatory as the older adults performed at a significantly lower level compared to young adults over the vigil. Findings are discussed in terms of the HAROLD model of healthy aging and the resource theory of vigilance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda E Harwood
- ARCH Laboratory, Department of Psychology, George Mason University Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Pamela M Greenwood
- ARCH Laboratory, Department of Psychology, George Mason University Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Tyler H Shaw
- ARCH Laboratory, Department of Psychology, George Mason University Fairfax, VA, USA
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