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Abdel-Maksoud FM, Inui-Yamamoto C, Kawano A, Honma S, Saeki N, Abe M, Kuraki M, Ohba S, Wakisaka S. Histological and immunohistochemical studies of the fungiform and the circumvallate papillae through the life stages from 6- to 72-week-old Sprague-Dawley male rats. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2024; 307:414-425. [PMID: 37818703 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Taste sensitivity decreases with age. Therefore, we investigated the histological and immunohistochemical changes in the receptive fields circumvallate papilla (CvP) and fungiform papilla (FfP) to explore the mechanism underlying age-related changes in taste sensitivity in 6- to 72-week-old rats. We analyzed papilla size, the thickness of the keratin layer of the papilla and stratified squamous epithelium, taste bud size, the keratin layer around the taste pores in the CvP and FfP, and the number and distribution of taste buds in the CvP coronal section. We further assessed the expression of marker proteins for Type II and III cells, phospholipase C subtype beta 2 (PLCβ2), and synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP-25). The cellular activity of these taste cells was examined through co-localization with the senescence cell marker protein-30 (SMP30). There were no differences in the number of taste bud sections in the CvP among the age groups. However, the size of the CvP increased and the density of the taste bud area in the CvP area decreased with increasing age. In contrast, the number of cells with co-expression of SMP30, PLCβ2, and SNAP-25 decreased with age. Furthermore, the morphological structures of the CvP, FfP, and taste buds in these regions changed with age, but not the overall taste bud number in the CvP coronal section. The decrease in cell count with co-expression of SMP30 and PLCβ2, or SNAP-25 may indicate reduced cellular functions of taste cells with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma M Abdel-Maksoud
- Department of Tissue and Developmental Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Chizuko Inui-Yamamoto
- Department of Tissue and Developmental Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akiyo Kawano
- Department of Tissue and Developmental Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Otemae College, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Shiho Honma
- Department of Tissue and Developmental Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoya Saeki
- Department of Tissue and Developmental Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Division of Special Care Dentistry, Osaka University Dental Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Makoto Abe
- Department of Tissue and Developmental Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Moe Kuraki
- Department of Tissue and Developmental Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Ohba
- Department of Tissue and Developmental Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Wakisaka
- Department of Tissue and Developmental Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Kansai Women's College, Kashiwara, Osaka, Japan
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SNAP25 mutation disrupts metabolic homeostasis, steroid hormone production and central neurobehavior. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166304. [PMID: 34826585 PMCID: PMC8759409 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE SNAP-25 is one of the key proteins involved in formation of soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) complexes that are at the core of hormonal secretion and synaptic transmission. Altered expression or function of SNAP-25 can contribute to the development of neuropsychiatric and metabolic disease. A dominant negative (DN) I67T missense mutation in the b-isoform of SNAP-25 (DN-SNAP25mut) mice leads to abnormal interactions within the SNARE complex and impaired exocytotic vesicle recycling, yet the significance of this mutation to any association between the central nervous system and metabolic homeostasis is unknown. METHODS Here we explored aspects of metabolism, steroid hormone production and neurobehavior of DN-SNAP25mut mice. RESULTS DN-SNAP25mut mice displayed enhanced insulin function through increased Akt phosphorylation, alongside increased adrenal and gonadal hormone production. In addition, increased anxiety behavior and beigeing of white adipose tissue with increased energy expenditure were observed in mutants. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that SNAP25 plays an important role in bridging central neurological systems with peripheral metabolic homeostasis, and provide potential insights between metabolic disease and neuropsychiatric disorders in humans.
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Zhang D, Yamaguchi S, Zhang X, Yang B, Kurooka N, Sugawara R, Albuayjan HHH, Nakatsuka A, Eguchi J, Hiyama TY, Kamiya A, Wada J. Upregulation of Mir342 in Diet-Induced Obesity Mouse and the Hypothalamic Appetite Control. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:727915. [PMID: 34526970 PMCID: PMC8437242 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.727915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In obesity and type 2 diabetes, numerous genes are differentially expressed, and microRNAs are involved in transcriptional regulation of target mRNAs, but miRNAs critically involved in the appetite control are not known. Here, we identified upregulation of miR-342-3p and its host gene Evl in brain and adipose tissues in C57BL/6 mice fed with high fat-high sucrose (HFHS) chow by RNA sequencing. Mir342 (-/-) mice fed with HFHS chow were protected from obesity and diabetes. The hypothalamic arcuate nucleus neurons co-express Mir342 and EVL. The percentage of activated NPY+pSTAT3+ neurons were reduced, while POMC+pSTAT3+ neurons increased in Mir342 (-/-) mice, and they demonstrated the reduction of food intake and amelioration of metabolic phenotypes. Snap25 was identified as a major target gene of miR-342-3p and the reduced expression of Snap25 may link to functional impairment hypothalamic neurons and excess of food intake. The inhibition of miR-342-3p may be a potential candidate for miRNA-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxiao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Xinhao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Boxuan Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Naoko Kurooka
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Sugawara
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Haya Hamed H. Albuayjan
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Atsuko Nakatsuka
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Jun Eguchi
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takeshi Y. Hiyama
- Department of Cellular Physiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Atsunori Kamiya
- Department of Cellular Physiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Jun Wada
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- *Correspondence: Jun Wada,
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Tang BL. SNAREs and developmental disorders. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:2482-2504. [PMID: 32959907 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Members of the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) family mediate membrane fusion processes associated with vesicular trafficking and autophagy. SNAREs mediate core membrane fusion processes essential for all cells, but some SNAREs serve cell/tissue type-specific exocytic/endocytic functions, and are therefore critical for various aspects of embryonic development. Mutations or variants of their encoding genes could give rise to developmental disorders, such as those affecting the nervous system and immune system in humans. Mutations to components in the canonical synaptic vesicle fusion SNARE complex (VAMP2, STX1A/B, and SNAP25) and a key regulator of SNARE complex formation MUNC18-1, produce variant phenotypes of autism, intellectual disability, movement disorders, and epilepsy. STX11 and MUNC18-2 mutations underlie 2 subtypes of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. STX3 mutations contribute to variant microvillus inclusion disease. Chromosomal microdeletions involving STX16 play a role in pseudohypoparathyroidism type IB associated with abnormal imprinting of the GNAS complex locus. In this short review, I discuss these and other SNARE gene mutations and variants that are known to be associated with a variety developmental disorders, with a focus on their underlying cellular and molecular pathological basis deciphered through disease modeling. Possible pathogenic potentials of other SNAREs whose variants could be disease predisposing are also speculated upon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bor L Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Yanar K, Atayik MC, Simsek B, Çakatay U. Novel biomarkers for the evaluation of aging-induced proteinopathies. Biogerontology 2020; 21:531-548. [PMID: 32274599 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-020-09878-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Proteinopathies are characterized by aging related accumulation of misfolded protein aggregates. Irreversible covalent modifications of aging proteins may significantly affect the native three dimentional conformation of proteins, alter their function and lead to accumulation of misfolded protein as dysfunctional aggregates. Protein misfolding and accumulation of aberrant proteins are known to be associated with aging-induced proteinopathies such as amyloid ß and tau proteins in Alzheimer's disease, α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease and islet amyloid polypeptides in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Protein oxidation processes such as S-nitrosylation, dityrosine formation and some of the newly elucidated processes such as carbamylation and citrullination recently drew the attention of researchers in the field of Gerontology. Studying over these processes and illuminating their relations between proteinopathies may help to diagnose early and even to treat age related disorders. Therefore, we have chosen to concentrate on aging-induced proteinopathic nature of these novel protein modifications in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolin Yanar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Can Atayik
- Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Medical Program, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bahadir Simsek
- Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Medical Program, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ufuk Çakatay
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Gopaul KR, Irfan M, Miry O, Vose LR, Moghadam A, Subah G, Hökfelt T, Bark C, Stanton PK. Developmental Time Course of SNAP-25 Isoforms Regulate Hippocampal Long-Term Synaptic Plasticity and Hippocampus-Dependent Learning. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041448. [PMID: 32093363 PMCID: PMC7073020 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
SNAP-25 is essential to activity-dependent vesicle fusion and neurotransmitter release in the nervous system. During early development and adulthood, SNAP-25 appears to have differential influences on short- and long-term synaptic plasticity. The involvement of SNAP-25 in these processes may be different at hippocampal and neocortical synapses because of the presence of two different splice variants, which are developmentally regulated. We show here that the isoform SNAP-25a, which is expressed first developmentally in rodent brain, contributes to developmental regulation of the expression of both long-term depression (LTD) and long-term potentiation (LTP) at Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses in the hippocampus. In one month old mice lacking the developmentally later expressed isoform SNAP-25b, Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses showed faster release kinetics, decreased LTP and enhanced LTD. By four months of age, SNAP-25b-deficient mice appeared to have compensated for the lack of the adult SNAP-25b isoform, now exhibiting larger LTP and no differences in LTD compared to wild type mice. Interestingly, learning a hippocampus-dependent task reversed the reductions in LTP, but not LTD, seen at one month of age. In four month old adult mice, learning prevented the compensatory up-regulation of LTD that we observed prior to training. These findings support the hypothesis that SNAP-25b promotes stronger LTP and weakens LTD at Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses in young mice, and suggest that compensatory mechanisms can reverse alterations in synaptic plasticity associated with a lack of SNAP-25b, once mice reach adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katisha R. Gopaul
- Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (K.R.G.); (M.I.); (O.M.); (L.R.V.); (A.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (K.R.G.); (M.I.); (O.M.); (L.R.V.); (A.M.); (G.S.)
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Omid Miry
- Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (K.R.G.); (M.I.); (O.M.); (L.R.V.); (A.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Linnea R. Vose
- Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (K.R.G.); (M.I.); (O.M.); (L.R.V.); (A.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Alexander Moghadam
- Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (K.R.G.); (M.I.); (O.M.); (L.R.V.); (A.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Galadu Subah
- Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (K.R.G.); (M.I.); (O.M.); (L.R.V.); (A.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Tomas Hökfelt
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Christina Bark
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (P.K.S.); Tel. +46-085-248-6984 (C.B.); +1-914-594-4883 (P.K.S.)
| | - Patric K. Stanton
- Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA; (K.R.G.); (M.I.); (O.M.); (L.R.V.); (A.M.); (G.S.)
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (P.K.S.); Tel. +46-085-248-6984 (C.B.); +1-914-594-4883 (P.K.S.)
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Matteoli M, Menna E, Honer WG, Fernández-Chacón R. Editorial on the Special Issue on SNARE Proteins: A Long Journey of Science in Brain Health and Disease. Neuroscience 2019; 420:1-3. [PMID: 31634514 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michela Matteoli
- CNR-Institute of Neuroscience, via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas - Neuro Center, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Menna
- CNR-Institute of Neuroscience, via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milano, Italy; IRCCS Humanitas - Neuro Center, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy
| | - William G Honer
- BC Mental Health and Addictions Research Institute, 938 West 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, 2255 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada
| | - Rafael Fernández-Chacón
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS) HUVR/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Dpto. de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica and CIBERNED, Avda. Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013 Seville, Spain
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SNAP-25 isoforms differentially regulate synaptic transmission and long-term synaptic plasticity at central synapses. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6403. [PMID: 31024034 PMCID: PMC6484009 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42833-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
SNAP-25 exists as two developmentally regulated alternatively spliced isoforms, SNAP-25a and SNAP-25b. We explored the function of SNAP-25a and SNAP-25b at Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses in hippocampus using 4-week-old wild-type (WT) and SNAP-25b-deficient (MT) mice. Characterizing the protein expression of individual SNAP-25 isoforms revealed that WT females had higher levels of SNAP-25a than WT males, suggesting a sex-dependent delay of the alternative splicing switch from SNAP-25a to SNAP-25b. MT mice expressed normal levels of total SNAP-25, Syntaxin 1A and SNAP-47 in the hippocampus, but females expressed lower levels of VAMP2. Electrophysiological recordings in in vitro hippocampal slices revealed significantly reduced magnitude of LTP in MT mice. We also found reduction in paired-pulse facilitation after induction of LTP in WT males, but not in WT females, possibly related to the difference in SNAP-25a/SNAP-25b ratios, suggesting that the splicing switch may play a sex-specific role in LTP-associated increases in presynaptic release probability. Basal synaptic transmission measured in input-output relations revealed that the ability to discriminate between the intensity of presynaptic stimuli was affected in SNAP-25b-deficient mice. Learning in a behavioural paradigm of active-avoidance was impaired in MT mice, strengthening the conclusion that SNAP-25b is important for cognitive performance by altering activity-dependent synaptic plasticity.
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