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Ishikawa K, Miyata D, Hattori S, Tani H, Kuriyama T, Wei FY, Miyakawa T, Nakada K. Accumulation of mitochondrial DNA with a point mutation in tRNA Leu(UUR) gene induces brain dysfunction in mice. Pharmacol Res 2024; 208:107374. [PMID: 39197713 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
Brain functions are mediated via the complex interplay between several complex factors, and hence, identifying the underlying cause of an abnormality within a certain brain region can be challenging. In mitochondrial disease, abnormalities in brain function are thought to be attributed to accumulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) with pathogenic mutations; however, only few previous studies have directly demonstrated that accumulation of mutant mtDNA induced abnormalities in brain function. Herein, we examined the effects of mtDNA mutations on brain function via behavioral analyses using a mouse model with an A2748G point mutation in mtDNA tRNALeu(UUR). Our results revealed that mice with a high percentage of mutant mtDNA showed a characteristic trend toward reduced prepulse inhibition and memory-dependent test performance, similar to that observed in psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia; however, muscle strength and motor coordination were not markedly affected. Upon examining the hippocampus and frontal lobes of the brain, mitochondrial morphology was abnormal, and the brain weight was slightly reduced. These results indicate that the predominant accumulation of a point mutation in the tRNALeu(UUR) gene may affect brain functions, particularly the coordination of sensory and motor functions and memory processes. These abnormalities probably caused by both direct effects of accumulation of the mutant mtDNA in neuronal cells and indirect effects via changes of systemic extracellular environments. Overall, these findings will lead to a better understanding of the pathogenic mechanism underlying this complex disease and facilitate the development of optimal treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Ishikawa
- Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Japan.
| | - Daiki Miyata
- Degree Programs in Life and Earth Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Satoko Hattori
- Division of Systems Medical Science, Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Japan; Research Creation Support Center, Aichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Haruna Tani
- Department of Modomics Biology and Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Kuriyama
- Degree Programs in Life and Earth Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Fan-Yan Wei
- Department of Modomics Biology and Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Miyakawa
- Division of Systems Medical Science, Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Japan
| | - Kazuto Nakada
- Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Japan.
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2
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Huang G, Wang Y, Yao D. Myoclonic epilepsy with ragged red fibers syndrome associated with mitochondrial 3302A>G mutation in the MT‑TL1 gene: A case report. Exp Ther Med 2023; 25:87. [PMID: 36684660 PMCID: PMC9849847 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.11786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A 37-year-old woman presented with proximal limb weakness, an unstable gait, tiredness and paroxysmal jitters. Neurological examination showed decreased deep tendon reflexes and positive signs indicating damage to the cerebellum. The patient's children reported no symptoms but were found to have the mitochondrial 3302A>G mutation in the mitochondrially encoded tRNA-Leu (UUA/G) 1 gene. The patient presented with increased blood lactic acid and lactic acid dehydrogenase levels, myopathy-related limb muscle electromyographic activities, ragged red fibers (RRFs), cytochrome oxidase-negative muscle fibers and mitochondrial 3302A>G mutation. Inverted lactic acid peaks in the basal ganglia, an atrophied cerebellum and multiple electroencephalographic spike waves were also observed. Therefore, myoclonic epilepsy with RRFs syndrome with the 3302A>G mutation was considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Huang
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China,Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yanmei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China,Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Dongyuan Yao
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China,Neurological Institute of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Dongyuan Yao, Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, 92 Aiguo Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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3
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Tani H, Ishikawa K, Tamashiro H, Ogasawara E, Yasukawa T, Matsuda S, Shimizu A, Kang D, Hayashi JI, Wei FY, Nakada K. Aberrant RNA processing contributes to the pathogenesis of mitochondrial diseases in trans-mitochondrial mouse model carrying mitochondrial tRNALeu(UUR) with a pathogenic A2748G mutation. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:9382-9396. [PMID: 35998911 PMCID: PMC9458463 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial tRNAs are indispensable for the intra-mitochondrial translation of genes related to respiratory subunits, and mutations in mitochondrial tRNA genes have been identified in various disease patients. However, the molecular mechanism underlying pathogenesis remains unclear due to the lack of animal models. Here, we established a mouse model, designated 'mito-mice tRNALeu(UUR)2748', that carries a pathogenic A2748G mutation in the tRNALeu(UUR) gene of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The A2748G mutation is orthologous to the human A3302G mutation found in patients with mitochondrial diseases and diabetes. A2748G mtDNA was maternally inherited, equally distributed among tissues in individual mice, and its abundance did not change with age. At the molecular level, A2748G mutation is associated with aberrant processing of precursor mRNA containing tRNALeu(UUR) and mt-ND1, leading to a marked decrease in the steady-levels of ND1 protein and Complex I activity in tissues. Mito-mice tRNALeu(UUR)2748 with ≥50% A2748G mtDNA exhibited age-dependent metabolic defects including hyperglycemia, insulin insensitivity, and hepatic steatosis, resembling symptoms of patients carrying the A3302G mutation. This work demonstrates a valuable mouse model with an inheritable pathological A2748G mutation in mt-tRNALeu(UUR) that shows metabolic syndrome-like phenotypes at high heteroplasmy level. Furthermore, our findings provide molecular basis for understanding A3302G mutation-mediated mitochondrial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruna Tani
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan,Department of Modomics Biology and Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kaori Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan,Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tamashiro
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Emi Ogasawara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Takehiro Yasukawa
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan,Department of Pathology and Oncology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Shigeru Matsuda
- Department of Modomics Biology and Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan,Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akinori Shimizu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Dongchon Kang
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan,Kashiigaoka Rehabilitation Hospital, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 813-0002, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Hayashi
- Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Fan-Yan Wei
- Department of Modomics Biology and Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuto Nakada
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +81 29 853 6694; Fax: +81 29 853 6614;
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4
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Stefano GB, Bjenning C, Wang F, Wang N, Kream RM. Mitochondrial Heteroplasmy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 982:577-594. [PMID: 28551808 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55330-6_30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Genetic polymorphisms, in concert with well-characterized etiology and progression of major pathologies, plays a significant role in aberrant processes afflicting human populations. Mitochondrial heteroplasmy represents a dynamically determined co-expression of inherited polymorphisms and somatic pathology in varying ratios within individual mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genomes with repetitive patterns of tissue specificity. The ratios of the MtDNA genomes represent a balance between healthy and pathological cellular outcomes. Mechanistically, cardiomyopathies have profound alterations of normative mitochondrial function. Certain allele imbalances in the nuclear mitochondrial genome are associated with key energy mitochondrial proteins. Mitochondrial heteroplasmy may manifest itself at critical protein expression points, e.g., cytochrome c oxidase (COX). Pathological mtDNA mutations also are associated with the development of congestive heart failure. Interestingly, mitochondrial 'normal vs. abnormal' ratios of various heteroplasmic populations may occur in families. In the translational context of human health and disease, we discuss the need for determining critical foci to probe multiple biological roles of mitochondrial heteroplasmy in cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- George B Stefano
- International Scientific Information, Inc., 150 Broadhollow Rd, Ste 114, Melville, NY, 11747, USA.
| | - Christina Bjenning
- Cardiometabolic Designs LLC, 160 W15th Ave, Suite 303, Sea Cliff, NY, 11579, USA
| | - Fuzhou Wang
- Division of Neuroscience, Bonoi Academy of Science & Education, Chapel Hill, NC, 27510, USA
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of OB/GYN, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Richard M Kream
- International Scientific Information, Inc., 150 Broadhollow Rd, Ste 114, Melville, NY, 11747, USA
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5
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Siira SJ, Shearwood AMJ, Bracken CP, Rackham O, Filipovska A. Defects in RNA metabolism in mitochondrial disease. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2017; 85:106-113. [PMID: 28189843 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The expression of mitochondrially-encoded genes requires the efficient processing of long precursor RNAs at the 5' and 3' ends of tRNAs, a process which, when disrupted, results in disease. Two such mutations reside within mt-tRNALeu(UUR); a m.3243A>G transition, which is the most common cause of MELAS (mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes), and m.3302A>G which often causes mitochondrial myopathy (MM). We used parallel analysis of RNA ends (PARE) that captures the 5' terminal end of 5'-monophosphorylated mitochondrial RNAs to compare the effects of the m.3243A>G and m.3302A>G mutations on mitochondrial tRNA processing and downstream RNA metabolism. We confirmed previously identified RNA processing defects, identified common internal cleavage sites and new sites unique to the m.3243A>G mutants that do not correspond to transcript ends. These sites occur in regions of predicted RNA secondary structure, or are in close proximity to such regions, and may identify regions of importance to the processing of mtRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan J Siira
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and Centre for Medical Research, Level 7 QQ Block, QEII Medical Centre, 6 Verdun Street, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Anne-Marie J Shearwood
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and Centre for Medical Research, Level 7 QQ Block, QEII Medical Centre, 6 Verdun Street, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Cameron P Bracken
- Division of Human Immunology, Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Oliver Rackham
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and Centre for Medical Research, Level 7 QQ Block, QEII Medical Centre, 6 Verdun Street, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Aleksandra Filipovska
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research and Centre for Medical Research, Level 7 QQ Block, QEII Medical Centre, 6 Verdun Street, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia; School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
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6
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Sallevelt SCEH, de Die-Smulders CEM, Hendrickx ATM, Hellebrekers DMEI, de Coo IFM, Alston CL, Knowles C, Taylor RW, McFarland R, Smeets HJM. De novo mtDNA point mutations are common and have a low recurrence risk. J Med Genet 2016; 54:73-83. [PMID: 27450679 PMCID: PMC5502310 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2016-103876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Severe, disease-causing germline mitochondrial (mt)DNA mutations are maternally inherited or arise de novo. Strategies to prevent transmission are generally available, but depend on recurrence risks, ranging from high/unpredictable for many familial mtDNA point mutations to very low for sporadic, large-scale single mtDNA deletions. Comprehensive data are lacking for de novo mtDNA point mutations, often leading to misconceptions and incorrect counselling regarding recurrence risk and reproductive options. We aim to study the relevance and recurrence risk of apparently de novo mtDNA point mutations. Methods Systematic study of prenatal diagnosis (PND) and recurrence of mtDNA point mutations in families with de novo cases, including new and published data. ‘De novo’ based on the absence of the mutation in multiple (postmitotic) maternal tissues is preferred, but mutations absent in maternal blood only were also included. Results In our series of 105 index patients (33 children and 72 adults) with (likely) pathogenic mtDNA point mutations, the de novo frequency was 24.6%, the majority being paediatric. PND was performed in subsequent pregnancies of mothers of four de novo cases. A fifth mother opted for preimplantation genetic diagnosis because of a coexisting Mendelian genetic disorder. The mtDNA mutation was absent in all four prenatal samples and all 11 oocytes/embryos tested. A literature survey revealed 137 de novo cases, but PND was only performed for 9 (including 1 unpublished) mothers. In one, recurrence occurred in two subsequent pregnancies, presumably due to germline mosaicism. Conclusions De novo mtDNA point mutations are a common cause of mtDNA disease. Recurrence risk is low. This is relevant for genetic counselling, particularly for reproductive options. PND can be offered for reassurance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne C E H Sallevelt
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Christine E M de Die-Smulders
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Research School for Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandra T M Hendrickx
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Debby M E I Hellebrekers
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Irenaeus F M de Coo
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte L Alston
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Charlotte Knowles
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Robert W Taylor
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Robert McFarland
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Hubert J M Smeets
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Research School for Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Research School for Cardiovascular Diseases in Maastricht, CARIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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7
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Balali M, Kamalidehghan B, Farhadi M, Ahmadipour F, Ashkezari MD, Hemami MR, Arabzadeh H, Falah M, Meng GY, Houshmand M. Association of nuclear and mitochondrial genes with audiological examinations in Iranian patients with nonaminoglycoside antibiotics-induced hearing loss. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2016; 12:117-28. [PMID: 26889084 PMCID: PMC4743636 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s90581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA mutations play an important role in causing sensorineural hearing loss. The purpose of this study was to determine the association of the mitochondrial genes RNR1, MT-TL1, and ND1 as well as the nuclear genes GJB2 and GJB6 with audiological examinations in nonfamilial Iranians with cochlear implants, using polymerase chain reaction, DNA sequencing, and RNA secondary structure analysis. We found that there were no novel mutations in the mitochondrial gene 12S rRNA (MT-RNR1) in patients with and without GJB2 mutation (GJB2+ and GJB2−, respectively), but a total of six polymorphisms were found. No mutations were observed in tRNALeu(UUR) (MT-TL1). Furthermore, eight polymorphisms were found in the mitochondrial ND1 gene. Additionally, no mutations were observed in the nuclear GJB6 gene in patients in the GJB2− and GJB2+ groups. The speech intelligibility rating and category of auditory perception tests were statistically assessed in patients in the GJB2− and GJB2+ groups. The results indicated that there was a significant difference (P<0.05) between the categories of auditory perception score in the GJB2− group compared to that in the GJB2+ group. Successful cochlear implantation was observed among individuals with GJB2 mutations (GJB2+) and mitochondrial polymorphisms compared to those without GJB2 mutations (GJB2−). In conclusion, the outcome of this study suggests that variation in the mitochondrial and nuclear genes may influence the penetrance of deafness. Therefore, further genetic and functional studies are required to help patients in making the best choice for cochlear implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Balali
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Ashkezar Branch, Ashkezar, Iran; Department and Research Centre of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnam Kamalidehghan
- Medical Genetics Department, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Farhadi
- Department and Research Centre of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ahmadipour
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Mohsen Rezaei Hemami
- Department and Research Centre of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Arabzadeh
- Department and Research Centre of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Falah
- Department and Research Centre of ENT and Head & Neck Surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Goh Yong Meng
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Massoud Houshmand
- Medical Genetics Department, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
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8
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Ding Y, Zhuo G, Zhang C. The Mitochondrial tRNALeu(UUR) A3302G Mutation may be Associated With Insulin Resistance in Woman With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Reprod Sci 2015; 23:228-33. [PMID: 26335180 DOI: 10.1177/1933719115602777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with insulin resistance (IR), and to explore the possible maternally effects on PCOS. We performed clinical, genetic, and molecular characterization of a Han Chinese family with maternally inherited IR, and we further investigated the possible relationship between mitochondrial genetic background, copy number, and IR. Most strikingly, members from the first and second generation of this family exhibited the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with IR, while the member in the third generation of this family manifested the PCOS. Sequence analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome showed the presence of a homoplasmic A3302G in the acceptor arm of transfer RNA(Leu(UUR)) (tRNA(Leu(UUR))) gene. This mutation disrupted the highly conserved base pairing (2T-71A) and resulted a failure in mt-tRNA metabolism. Analysis of the mitochondrial copy number showed that the patients with PCOS and IR had lower copy number than the health controls, suggesting that mitochondrial dysfunction may be involved in the pathogenesis of IR. Taken together, the A3302G mutation was a pathogenic mutation associated with IR in this Chinese family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ding
- Central laboratory, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guangchao Zhuo
- Central laboratory, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caijuan Zhang
- Affiliated Hangzhou Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou, China Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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9
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MELAS phenotype associated with m.3302A>G mutation in mitochondrial tRNA(Leu(UUR)) gene. Brain Dev 2014; 36:180-2. [PMID: 23582502 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The m.3302A>G mutation in the mitochondrial tRNA(Leu(UUR)) gene has been identified in only 12 patients from 6 families, all manifesting adult-onset slowly progressive myopathy with minor central nervous system involvement. An 11-year-old boy presented with progressive proximal-dominant muscle weakness from age 7years. At age 10, he developed recurrent stroke-like episodes. Mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, plus stroke-like episodes (MELAS) was diagnosed by clinical symptoms and muscle biopsy findings. Mitochondrial gene analysis revealed a heteroplasmic m.3302A>G mutation. Histological examination showed strongly SDH reactive blood vessels (SSVs), not present in previous cases with myopathies due to the m.3302A>G mutation. These findings broaden the phenotypic spectrum of this mutation.
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10
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Ballhausen D, Guerry F, Hahn D, Schaller A, Nuoffer JM, Bonafé L, Jeannet PY, Jacquemont S. Mitochondrial tRNA(Leu(UUR)) mutation m.3302A > G presenting as childhood-onset severe myopathy: threshold determination through segregation study. J Inherit Metab Dis 2010; 33 Suppl 3:S219-26. [PMID: 20458543 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-010-9098-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2010] [Revised: 02/26/2010] [Accepted: 03/31/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial tRNA(Leu(UUR)) mutation m.3302A > G is associated with respiratory chain complex I deficiency and has been described as a rare cause of mostly adult-onset slowly progressive myopathy. Five families with 11 patients have been described so far; 5 of them died young due to cardiorespiratory failure. Here, we report on a segregation study in a family with an index patient who already presented at the age of 18 months with proximal muscular hypotonia, abnormal fatigability, and lactic acidosis. This early-onset myopathy was rapidly progressive. At 8 years, the patient is wheel-chair bound, requires nocturnal assisted ventilation, and suffers from recurrent respiratory infections. Severe complex I deficiency and nearly homoplasmy for m.3302A > G were found in muscle. We collected blood, hair, buccal swabs and muscle biopsies from asymptomatic adults in this pedigree and determined heteroplasmy levels in these tissues as well as OXPHOS activities in muscle. All participating asymptomatic adults had normal OXPHOS activities. In contrast to earlier reports, we found surprisingly little variation of heteroplasmy levels in different tissues of the same individual. Up to 45% mutation load in muscle and up to 38% mutation load in other tissues were found in non-affected adults. The phenotypic spectrum of tRNA(Leu(UUR)) m.3302A > G mutation seems to be wider than previously described. A threshold of more than 45% heteroplasmy in muscle seems to be necessary to alter complex I activity leading to clinical manifestation. The presented data may be helpful for prognostic considerations and counseling in affected families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Ballhausen
- Division of Molecular Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, CI 02-35, Av P Decker 2, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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11
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Scaglia F, Wong LJC. Human mitochondrial transfer RNAs: role of pathogenic mutation in disease. Muscle Nerve 2008; 37:150-71. [PMID: 17999409 DOI: 10.1002/mus.20917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The human mitochondrial genome encodes 13 proteins. All are subunits of the respiratory chain complexes involved in energy metabolism. These proteins are translated by a set of 22 mitochondrial transfer RNAs (tRNAs) that are required for codon reading. Human mitochondrial tRNA genes are hotspots for pathogenic mutations and have attracted interest over the last two decades with the rapid discovery of point mutations associated with a vast array of neuromuscular disorders and diverse clinical phenotypes. In this review, we use a scoring system to determine the pathogenicity of the mutations and summarize the current knowledge of structure-function relationships of these mutant tRNAs. We also provide readers with an overview of a large variety of mechanisms by which mutations may affect the mitochondrial translation machinery and cause disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Scaglia
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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12
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Maniura-Weber K, Helm M, Engemann K, Eckertz S, Möllers M, Schauen M, Hayrapetyan A, von Kleist-Retzow JC, Lightowlers RN, Bindoff LA, Wiesner RJ. Molecular dysfunction associated with the human mitochondrial 3302A>G mutation in the MTTL1 (mt-tRNALeu(UUR)) gene. Nucleic Acids Res 2006; 34:6404-15. [PMID: 17130166 PMCID: PMC1702489 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkl727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The gene encoding mt-tRNALeu(UUR), MT-TL1, is a hotspot for pathogenic mtDNA mutations. Amongst the first to be described was the 3302A>G transition which resulted in a substantial accumulation in patient muscle of RNA19, an unprocessed RNA intermediate including mt-16S rRNA, mt-tRNALeu(UUR) and MTND1. We have now been able to further assess the molecular aetiology associated with 3302A>G in transmitochondrial cybrids. Increased steady-state levels of RNA19 was confirmed, although not to the levels previously reported in muscle. This data was consistent with an increase in RNA19 stability. The mutation resulted in decreased mt-tRNALeu(UUR) levels, but its stability was unchanged, consistent with a defect in RNA19 processing responsible for low tRNA levels. A partial defect in aminoacylation was also identified, potentially caused by an alteration in tRNA structure. These deficiencies lead to a severe defect in respiration in the transmitochondrial cybrids, consistent with the profound mitochondrial disorder originally associated with this mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Maniura-Weber
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of KölnRobert-Koch-Strasse 39, D-50931 Köln, Germany
| | - Mark Helm
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, University of HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katrin Engemann
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of KölnRobert-Koch-Strasse 39, D-50931 Köln, Germany
| | - Sabrina Eckertz
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of KölnRobert-Koch-Strasse 39, D-50931 Köln, Germany
| | - Myriam Möllers
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of KölnRobert-Koch-Strasse 39, D-50931 Köln, Germany
| | - Matthias Schauen
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of KölnRobert-Koch-Strasse 39, D-50931 Köln, Germany
| | - Armine Hayrapetyan
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, University of HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 364, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen-Christoph von Kleist-Retzow
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of KölnJoseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 52, 50931 Köln, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics, University of KölnKerpener Strasse 62, 50924 Köln, Germany
| | - Robert N. Lightowlers
- School of Neurology, Neurobiology and Psychiatry, Medical School, University of Newcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Laurence A. Bindoff
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, University of Bergen5021 Bergen, Norway
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +49 221 478 3610; Fax: +49 221 478 3538;
| | - Rudolf J. Wiesner
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of KölnRobert-Koch-Strasse 39, D-50931 Köln, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of KölnJoseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 52, 50931 Köln, Germany
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +49 221 478 3610; Fax: +49 221 478 3538;
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Meierhofer D, Mayr JA, Fink K, Schmeller N, Kofler B, Sperl W. Mitochondrial DNA mutations in renal cell carcinomas revealed no general impact on energy metabolism. Br J Cancer 2006; 94:268-74. [PMID: 16404428 PMCID: PMC2361126 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, renal cell carcinoma tissues were reported to display a marked reduction of components of the respiratory chain. To elucidate a possible relationship between tumourigenesis and alterations of oxidative phosphorylation, we screened for mutations of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in renal carcinoma tissues and patient-matched normal kidney cortex. Seven of the 15 samples investigated revealed at least one somatic heteroplasmic mutation as determined by denaturating HPLC analysis (DHPLC). No homoplasmic somatic mutations were observed. Actually, half of the mutations presented a level of heteroplasmy below 25%, which could be easily overlooked by automated sequence analysis. The somatic mutations included four known D-loop mutations, four so far unreported mutations in ribosomal genes, one synonymous change in the ND4 gene and four nonsynonymous base changes in the ND2, COI, ND5 and ND4L genes. One renal cell carcinoma tissue showed a somatic A3243G mutation, which is a known frequent cause of MELAS syndrome (mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, stroke-like episode) and specific compensatory alterations of enzyme activities of the respiratory chain in the tumour tissue. No difference between histopathology and clinical progression compared to the other tumour tissues was observed. In conclusion, the low abundance as well as the frequently observed low level of heteroplasmy of somatic mtDNA mutations indicates that the decreased aerobic energy capacity in tumour tissue seems to be mediated by a general nuclear regulated mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Meierhofer
- Department of Paediatrics, Paracelsus Private Medical University Salzburg, Muellner Hauptstr. 48, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - J A Mayr
- Department of Paediatrics, Paracelsus Private Medical University Salzburg, Muellner Hauptstr. 48, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - K Fink
- Department of Urology, Paracelsus Private Medical University Salzburg, Muellner Hauptstr. 48, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - N Schmeller
- Department of Urology, Paracelsus Private Medical University Salzburg, Muellner Hauptstr. 48, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - B Kofler
- Department of Paediatrics, Paracelsus Private Medical University Salzburg, Muellner Hauptstr. 48, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Paediatrics, Paracelsus Private Medical University Salzburg, Muellner Hauptstr. 48, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria. E-mail:
| | - W Sperl
- Department of Paediatrics, Paracelsus Private Medical University Salzburg, Muellner Hauptstr. 48, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
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14
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Meierhofer D, Mayr JA, Ebner S, Sperl W, Kofler B. Rapid screening of the entire mitochondrial DNA for low-level heteroplasmic mutations. Mitochondrion 2005; 5:282-96. [PMID: 16050991 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2005.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2005] [Revised: 05/30/2005] [Accepted: 06/02/2005] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Alterations of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are implicated in various pathological conditions. In this study, we used denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) as a method to rapidly screen the entire mtDNA for mutations. Overlapping DNA fragments, amplified by one single cycling protocol from frozen pre-formulated PCR mixes, were subjected to DHPLC analysis. Single DHPLC injections of fragments yielded straightforward interpretation of results with a detection limit down to 1% mtDNA heteroplasmy. Furthermore, collection and re-amplification of low degree heteroduplex peak-fractions allowed sequence analysis of mtDNA mutations down to the detection limit of the DHPLC method. In order to demonstrate that the method has diagnostic value, we analyzed and confirmed known mtDNA mutations in patient samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Meierhofer
- Department of Paediatrics, Paracelsus Private Medical University Salzburg, Muellner Hauptstr. 48, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
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