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Guigay J, Ortholan C, Vansteene D, Cupissol D, Even C, Kaminsky MC, Sire C, Blot E, Debourdeau P, Bozec L, Saada-Bouzid E, Fayette J, Dalloz P, Pointreau Y, Caer HL, Falandry C, Digue L, Braccini A, Lopez S, Guillet P, Michel C, Cheurfa N, Schwob D, Bourhis J, Mertens C, Aupérin A. Cetuximab versus methotrexate in first-line treatment of older, frail patients with inoperable recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer (ELAN UNFIT): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. THE LANCET. HEALTHY LONGEVITY 2024; 5:e182-e193. [PMID: 38432247 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-7568(23)00284-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND At present, there is no established standard treatment for frail older patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of cetuximab to those of methotrexate (the reference regimen) in this population. METHODS This randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial was done at 20 hospitals in France. Patients aged 70 years or older, assessed as frail by the ELAN Geriatric Evaluation, with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in the first-line setting and with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0-2 were eligible for inclusion. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive cetuximab 500 mg/m2 intravenously every 2 weeks or methotrexate 40 mg/m2 intravenously every week, with minimisation by ECOG performance status, type of disease evolution, Charlson Comorbidity Index score, serum albumin concentration, and geriatrician consultation. To avoid deterministic minimisation and assure allocation concealment, patients were allocated with a probability of 0·80 to the treatment that most reduced the imbalance. Treatment was continued until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity, whichever occurred first. The primary endpoint was failure-free survival (defined as the time from randomisation to disease progression, death, discontinuation of treatment, or loss of 2 or more points on the Activities in Daily Living scale, whichever occurred first) and was analysed in the intention-to-treat population. 151 failures expected out of 164 patients were required to detect a hazard ratio (HR) of 0·625 with 0·05 alpha error, with 80% power. A futility interim analysis was planned when approximately 80 failures were observed, based on failure-free survival. Safety analyses included all patients who received at least one dose of the study drug. This study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01884623) and was stopped for futility after the interim analysis. FINDINGS Between Nov 7, 2013, and April 23, 2018, 82 patients were enrolled (41 to the cetuximab group and 41 to the methotrexate group); 60 (73%) were male, 37 (45%) were aged 80 years or older, 35 (43%) had an ECOG performance status of 2, and 36 (44%) had metastatic disease. Enrolment was stopped for futility at the interim analysis. At the final analysis, median follow-up was 43·3 months (IQR 30·8-52·1). At data cutoff, all 82 patients had failure; failure-free survival did not differ significantly between the groups (median 1·4 months [95% CI 1·0-2·1] in the cetuximab group vs 1·9 months [1·1-2·6] in the methotrexate group; adjusted HR 1·03 [95% CI 0·66-1·61], p=0·89). The frequency of patients who had grade 3 or worse adverse events was 63% (26 of 41) in the cetuximab group and 73% (30 of 41) in the methotrexate group. The most common grade 3-4 adverse events in the cetuximab group were fatigue (four [10%] of 41 patients), lung infection (four [10%]), and rash acneiform (four [10%]), and those in the methotrexate group were fatigue (nine [22%] of 41), increased gamma-glutamyltransferase (seven [17%]), natraemia disorder (four [10%]), anaemia (four [10%]), leukopenia (four [10%]), and neutropenia (four [10%]). The frequency of patients who had serious adverse events was 44% (18 of 41) in the cetuximab group and 39% (16 of 41) in the methotrexate group. Four patients presented with a fatal adverse event in the cetuximab group (sepsis, decreased level of consciousness, pulmonary oedema, and death of unknown cause) as did two patients in the methotrexate group (dyspnoea and death of unknown cause). INTERPRETATION The study showed no improvement in failure-free survival with cetuximab versus methotrexate. Patients with an ECOG performance status of 2 did not benefit from these systemic therapies. New treatment options including immunotherapy should be explored in frail older patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, after an initial geriatric evaluation, such as the ELAN Geriatric Evaluation. FUNDING French programme PAIR-VADS 2011 (sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, the Fondation ARC and the Ligue Contre le Cancer), GEMLUC, GEFLUC, and Merck Santé. TRANSLATION For the French translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joël Guigay
- Partnerships and Clinical Development - Early Assets, GORTEC, Tours, France.
| | - Cécile Ortholan
- Oncology-Radiotherapy Unit, Hospital Centre Princesse-Grace, Monaco
| | - Damien Vansteene
- Medical Oncology Unit, West Cancerology Institute, Saint Herblain, France
| | - Didier Cupissol
- Medical Oncology Unit, Cancer Institute of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Caroline Even
- Medical Oncology Unit, Gustave-Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Christian Sire
- Oncology-Radiotherapy Unit, Hospital Group South Bretagne, Lorient, France
| | - Emmanuel Blot
- Medical Oncology Unit, ELSAN Group, Private Hospital Océane, Vannes, France
| | | | - Laurence Bozec
- Medical Oncology Unit, Curie Institute, Saint Cloud, France
| | - Esma Saada-Bouzid
- Medical Oncology and Research Department, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, University Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Jérôme Fayette
- Medical Oncology Unit, Cancer Research Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre Dalloz
- Medical Oncology Unit, Centre Jean Perrin, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Yoann Pointreau
- Radiation Oncology Unit, ILC (Inter-regional Cancerology Institute) - Jean Bernard Center & Victor Hugo Private Clinic, Sarthe Cancer Center, Le Mans, France
| | - Hervé Le Caer
- Medical Oncology Unit, Hospital Centre of Saint-Brieuc, Saint-Brieuc, France
| | - Claire Falandry
- Medical Oncology Unit, Hospital Centre of South Lyon, Pierre Bénite, France
| | - Laurence Digue
- Medical Oncology Unit, Saint André Universitary Hospital of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Antoine Braccini
- Medical Oncology Unit, Centre Azuréen de Cancérologie, Mougins, France
| | - Stéphane Lopez
- Medical Oncology Unit, Hospital Centre of Annecy Genevois, Pringy, France
| | - Pierre Guillet
- Medical Oncology Unit, Intercommunal Hospital Centre, La Seyne sur Mer, France
| | - Cécile Michel
- Medical Oncology and Research Department, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, University Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Nadir Cheurfa
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Unit, Gustave Roussy, Inserm U1018 Oncostat, Labelled Ligue Contre le Cancer, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Dominique Schwob
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Unit, Gustave Roussy, Inserm U1018 Oncostat, Labelled Ligue Contre le Cancer, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Jean Bourhis
- Radiotherapy Unit, Universitary Hospital Center of Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cécile Mertens
- Oncogeriatrics Unit, Bergonié Institute, Bordeaux, France
| | - Anne Aupérin
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Unit, Gustave Roussy, Inserm U1018 Oncostat, Labelled Ligue Contre le Cancer, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
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2
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Thiruvengadam R, Kim JH. Therapeutic strategy for oncovirus-mediated oral cancer: A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115035. [PMID: 37364477 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer is a neoplastic disorder of the oral cavities, including the lips, tongue, buccal mucosa, and lower and upper gums. Oral cancer assessment entails a multistep process that requires deep knowledge of the molecular networks involved in its progression and development. Preventive measures including public awareness of risk factors and improving public behaviors are necessary, and screening techniques should be encouraged to enable early detection of malignant lesions. Herpes simplex virus (HSV), human papillomavirus (HPV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) are associated with other premalignant and carcinogenic conditions leading to oral cancer. Oncogenic viruses induce chromosomal rearrangements; activate signal transduction pathways via growth factor receptors, cytoplasmic protein kinases, and DNA binding transcription factors; modulate cell cycle proteins, and inhibit apoptotic pathways. In this review, we present an up-to-date overview on the use of nanomaterials for regulating viral proteins and oral cancer as well as the role of phytocompounds on oral cancer. The targets linking oncoviral proteins and oral carcinogenesis were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Thiruvengadam
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Polanowski P, Nasiek A, Grządziel A, Pietruszka A, Składowski K, Polanowska K. Stereotactic Radiotherapy in Combination with Immunotherapy in Treatment of Advanced Recurrent Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Larynx. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2067. [PMID: 37509706 PMCID: PMC10377655 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the larynx in advanced stages is a challenging malignancy to treat with a high recurrence and death rate. An individualized approach to treatment is crucial in such patients. We present a 58-year-old male patient with SCC of the larynx in the T3N0M0 stage who was treated with concurrent radiochemotherapy. A total of 17 months after the radical treatment, the patient underwent a laryngectomy due to recurrence. A total of 11 months after the operation, local failure was diagnosed. In the next order, the patient received six cycles of palliative chemotherapy according to cisplatin 100 mg/m2 and 5-fluorouracil 1000 mg/m2. After three months, due to progression, Nivolumab-based immunotherapy was administered, ensuring disease stabilization. After the 56th cycle of Nivolumab, another progression was documented. The addition of stereotactic radiotherapy (18 Gy in three fractions) to immunotherapy led to significant regression of the disease and enabled the continuation of Nivolumab to the 70th cycle. The presented case demonstrates the usefulness of the combination of stereotactic radiotherapy with immunotherapy in prolonging the local control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Polanowski
- 1st Radiation and Clinical Oncology Department, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej 15, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Nasiek
- 3rd Radiation and Clinical Oncology Department, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej 15, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Grządziel
- Radiotherapy Planning Department, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej 15, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Pietruszka
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Cracow Branch, Garncarska 11, 31-115 Cracow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Składowski
- 1st Radiation and Clinical Oncology Department, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej 15, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Polanowska
- Ophthalmology Department, St. Barbara Provincial Hospital No 5, Plac Medyków 1, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
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Singh M, Kadhim MM, Turki Jalil A, Oudah SK, Aminov Z, Alsaikhan F, Jawhar ZH, Ramírez-Coronel AA, Farhood B. A systematic review of the protective effects of silymarin/silibinin against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:88. [PMID: 37165384 PMCID: PMC10173635 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02936-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Although doxorubicin chemotherapy is commonly applied for treating different malignant tumors, cardiotoxicity induced by this chemotherapeutic agent restricts its clinical use. The use of silymarin/silibinin may mitigate the doxorubicin-induced cardiac adverse effects. For this aim, the potential cardioprotective effects of silymarin/silibinin against the doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity were systematically reviewed. METHODS In this study, we performed a systematic search in accordance with PRISMA guideline for identifying all relevant studies on "the role of silymarin/silibinin against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity" in different electronic databases up to June 2022. Sixty-one articles were obtained and screened based on the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Thirteen eligible papers were finally included in this review. RESULTS According to the echocardiographic and electrocardiographic findings, the doxorubicin-treated groups presented a significant reduction in ejection fraction, tissue Doppler peak mitral annulus systolic velocity, and fractional shortening as well as bradycardia, prolongation of QT and QRS interval. However, these echocardiographic abnormalities were obviously improved in the silymarin plus doxorubicin groups. As well, the doxorubicin administration led to induce histopathological and biochemical changes in the cardiac cells/tissue; in contrast, the silymarin/silibinin co-administration could mitigate these induced alterations (for most of the cases). CONCLUSION According to the findings, it was found that the co-administration of silymarin/silibinin alleviates the doxorubicin-induced cardiac adverse effects. Silymarin/silibinin exerts its cardioprotective effects via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic activities, and other mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Singh
- Department of Physical Education, University of Jammu, Srinagar, Jammu, India
| | - Mustafa M Kadhim
- Department of Dentistry, Kut University College, Kut, Wasit, 52001, Iraq
- Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, 10022, Iraq
| | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq.
| | | | - Zafar Aminov
- Department of Public Health and Healthcare Management, Samarkand State Medical University, 18 Amir Temur Street, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
- Department of Scientific Affairs, Tashkent State Dental Institute, 103 Makhtumkuli Str., Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Zanko Hassan Jawhar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, College of Health Sciences, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel
- Azogues Campus Nursing Career, Health and Behavior Research Group (HBR), Psychometry and Ethology Laboratory, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Group, CES University, Medellín, Colombia
- Educational Statistics Research Group (GIEE), National University of Education, Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Parshuram Satpute D, Shirwadkar U, Kumar Tharalla A, Dattatray Shinde S, Nikhil Vaidya G, Joshi S, Patel Vatsa P, Jain A, Singh AA, Garg R, Mandoli A, Kumar D. Discovery of fluorinated 2‑Styryl 4(3H)-quinazolinone as potential therapeutic hit for oral cancer. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 81:117193. [PMID: 36796126 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant epithelial neoplasm, affects the mouth and throat, and accounts for 90 % of oral cancers. Considering the associated morbidity with neck dissections and the limitation of existing therapeutic agents, the discovery and development of new anticancer drugs/drug candidates for oral cancer treatment are of the utmost need. In this context, reported here is the identification of fluorinated 2‑styryl 4(3H)-quinazolinone as a promising hit for oral cancer. Preliminary studies indicate that the compound blocks the transition of G1 to S phase, thereby leading to arrest in the G1/S phase. Subsequent RNA-seq analysis revealed that the compound induces the activation of molecular pathways involved in apoptosis (such as TNF signalling through NF-κB, p53 pathways) and cell differentiation and suppresses the pathways of cellular growth and development (such as KRAS signaling) in CAL-27 cancer cells. It is noted that identified hit complies with a favorable range of ADME properties as per the computational analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Parshuram Satpute
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmadabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar-382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Urjita Shirwadkar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmadabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar-382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Anil Kumar Tharalla
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmadabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar-382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Sangita Dattatray Shinde
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmadabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar-382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Gargi Nikhil Vaidya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmadabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar-382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Swarali Joshi
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmadabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar-382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Priyanka Patel Vatsa
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmadabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar-382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Alok Jain
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmadabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar-382355, Gujarat, India; Department of Bio-engineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, India
| | - Abhishek A Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Rachana Garg
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmadabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar-382355, Gujarat, India; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
| | - Amit Mandoli
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmadabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar-382355, Gujarat, India.
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Ahmadabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar-382355, Gujarat, India.
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DNA Damage Response Mechanisms in Head and Neck Cancer: Significant Implications for Therapy and Survival. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032760. [PMID: 36769087 PMCID: PMC9917521 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a term collectively used to describe a heterogeneous group of tumors that arise in the oral cavity, larynx, nasopharynx, oropharynx, and hypopharynx, and represents the sixth most common type of malignancy worldwide. Despite advances in multimodality treatment, the disease has a recurrence rate of around 50%, and the prognosis of metastatic patients remains poor. HNCs are characterized by a high degree of genomic instability, which involves a vicious circle of accumulating DNA damage, defective DNA damage repair (DDR), and replication stress. Nonetheless, the damage that is induced on tumor cells by chemo and radiotherapy relies on defective DDR processes for a successful response to treatment, and may play an important role in the development of novel and more effective therapies. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the genes and proteins that appear to be deregulated in DDR pathways, their implication in HNC pathogenesis, and the rationale behind targeting these genes and pathways for the development of new therapies. We give particular emphasis on the therapeutic targets that have shown promising results at the pre-clinical stage and on those that have so far been associated with a therapeutic advantage in the clinical setting.
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Humeniuk E, Adamczuk G, Kubik J, Adamczuk K, Józefczyk A, Korga-Plewko A. Cardioprotective Effect of Centaurea castriferrei Borbás & Waisb Extract against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in H9c2 Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:420. [PMID: 36615632 PMCID: PMC9824364 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most used chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of various types of cancer. However, a continual problem that is associated with its application in therapeutic regimens is the development of dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. The progression of this process is associated with a range of different mechanisms, but especially with the high level of oxidative stress. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of the water and methanol-water extracts from the plant Centaurea castriferrei (CAS) obtained by the ultrasound-assisted extraction method on the DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in the rat embryonic cardiomyocyte cell line H9c2. The H9c2 cells were treated for 48 h with the DOX and water or methanol-water extracts, or a combination (DOX + CAS H2O/CAS MeOH). The MTT assay, cell cycle analysis, and apoptosis detection revealed that both the tested extracts significantly abolished the cytotoxic effect caused by DOX. Moreover, the detection of oxidative stress by the CellROX reagent, the evaluation of the number of AP sites, and the expressions of the genes related to the oxidative stress defense showed substantial reductions in the oxidative stress levels in the H9c2 cells treated with the combination of DOX and CAS H2O/CAS MeOH compared with the DOX administered alone. The tested extracts did not affect the cytotoxic effect of DOX on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. The obtained results constitute the basis for further research in the context of the application of C. castriferrei extracts as adjuvants in the therapy regiments of cancer patients treated with DOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Humeniuk
- Independent Medical Biology Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 8b Jaczewski Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Adamczuk
- Independent Medical Biology Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 8b Jaczewski Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Joanna Kubik
- Independent Medical Biology Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 8b Jaczewski Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Kamila Adamczuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Józefczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Street, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Korga-Plewko
- Independent Medical Biology Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 8b Jaczewski Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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8
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Effect of cisplatin on oral ulcer-induced nociception in rats. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 144:105572. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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9
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Olmos M, Lutz R, Büntemeyer TO, Glajzer J, Nobis CP, Ries J, Möst T, Eckstein M, Hecht M, Gostian AO, Erdmann M, Foerster Y, Kesting M, Weber M. Case report: Patient specific combination of surgery and immunotherapy in advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck - a case series and review of literature. Front Immunol 2022; 13:970823. [PMID: 36389668 PMCID: PMC9646561 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.970823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prognosis of patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer is generally poor. Adjuvant immunotherapy (IT) featuring immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) is standard of care in advanced stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). ICI response rates in CSCC are described as higher than in HNSCC. IT is constantly shifting into earlier disease stages which confronts the surgeon with immunotherapeutically pre-treated patients. It is therefore becoming increasingly difficult to assess which patients with symptomatic tumor disease and a lack of curative surgical option might benefit from salvage surgery. CASE PRESENTATIONS The following 6 cases describe therapeutic decision-making regarding ICI and (salvage) surgery in patients with advanced stage HNSCC or CSCC. Cases A and B focus on neoadjuvant ICI followed by salvage surgery. In Cases C and D salvage surgery was performed after short-term stabilization with partial response to ICI. The last two cases (Cases E and F) address the surgical approach after failure of ICI. All cases are discussed in the context of the current study landscape and with focus on individual decision-making. For better understanding, a timetable of the clinical course is given for each case. CONCLUSIONS ICI is rapidly expanding its frontiers into the neoadjuvant setting, frequently confronting the surgeon with heavily pretreated patients. Salvage surgery is a viable therapeutic concept despite the rise of systemic treatment options. Decision-making on surgical intervention in case of a salvage surgery remains an individual choice. For neoadjuvant ICI monitoring regarding pathological tumor response or tumor necrosis rate, we suggest correlation between the initial biopsy and the definite tumor resectate in order to increase its significance as a surrogate marker. Scheduling of neoadjuvant ICI should be further investigated, as recent studies indicate better outcomes with shorter time frames.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Olmos
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rainer Lutz
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tjark-Ole Büntemeyer
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jacek Glajzer
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christopher-Philipp Nobis
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jutta Ries
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tobias Möst
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Eckstein
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Hecht
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Antoniu-Oreste Gostian
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Erdmann
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yannick Foerster
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marco Kesting
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Manuel Weber
- Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-European Metropolitan Area of Nürnberg (CCC ER-EMN), Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Erlangen, Germany
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10
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Moutabian H, Ghahramani-Asl R, Mortezazadeh T, Laripour R, Narmani A, Zamani H, Ataei G, Bagheri H, Farhood B, Sathyapalan T, Sahebkar A. The cardioprotective effects of nano-curcumin against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity: A systematic review. Biofactors 2022; 48:597-610. [PMID: 35080781 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Although the chemotherapeutic drug, doxorubicin, is commonly used to treat various malignant tumors, its clinical use is restricted because of its toxicity especially cardiotoxicity. The use of curcumin may alleviate some of the doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxic effects. Especially, using the nano-formulation of curcumin can overcome the poor bioavailability of curcumin and enhance its physicochemical properties regarding its efficacy. In this study, we systematically reviewed the potential cardioprotective effects of nano-curcumin against the doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. A systematic search was accomplished based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines for the identification of all relevant articles on "the role of nano-curcumin on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity" in the electronic databases of Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science up to July 2021. One hundred and sixty-nine articles were screened following a predefined set of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Ten eligible scientific papers were finally included in the present systematic review. The administration of doxorubicin reduced the body and heart weights of mice/rats compared to the control groups. In contrast, the combined treatment of doxorubicin and nano-curcumin increased the body and heart weights of animals compared with the doxorubicin-treated groups alone. Furthermore, doxorubicin could significantly induce the biochemical and histological changes in the cardiac tissue; however, coadministration of nano-curcumin formulation demonstrated a pattern opposite to the doxorubicin-induced changes. The coadministration of nano-curcumin alleviates the doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity through various mechanisms including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects. Also, the cardioprotective effect of nano-curcumin formulation against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity was higher than free curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Moutabian
- Radiation Sciences Research Center (RSRC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ruhollah Ghahramani-Asl
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiological Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Tohid Mortezazadeh
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Laripour
- Radiation Sciences Research Center (RSRC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asghar Narmani
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Zamani
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Ataei
- Department of Radiology Technology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Hamed Bagheri
- Radiation Sciences Research Center (RSRC), AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Trauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School (HYMS), The University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad, Iran
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11
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Chien MH, Shih PC, Ding YF, Chen LH, Hsieh FK, Tsai MY, Li PY, Lin CW, Yang SF. Curcumin analog, GO-Y078, induces HO-1 transactivation-mediated apoptotic cell death of oral cancer cells by triggering MAPK pathways and AP-1 DNA-binding activity. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:375-388. [PMID: 35361044 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2061349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND GO-Y078, a new synthetic analogue of curcumin (CUR), has higher oral bioavailability and anticancer activity than CUR, but the oncostatic effect of GO-Y078 on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is largely unknown. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In the present study, we examined the oncostatic properties and possible mechanisms of GO-Y078 on human SCC-9 and HSC-3 OSCC cells. Results: Our results indicated that GO-Y078 showed a cytostatic effect against OSCC cells, and this antiproliferative phenomenon stemmed from a mechanism involving multiple levels of cooperation, including cell-cycle G2/M arrest and apoptosis induction. Mechanistically, GO-Y078 treatment induced caspase-mediated apoptosis via upregulating two apoptosis-modulating proteins, SMAC/DIABLO and heme oxygenase (HO)-1. GO-Y078 transcriptionally induced upregulation of the HO-1 gene by increasing the AP-1 DNA-binding activity, which was initiated by activation of the p38 /JNK1/2 pathways. In the clinic, patients with head and neck cancers expressed lower HO-1 and SMAC/DIABLO levels in primary cancer tissues compared to normal tissues. Clinical datasets also revealed that patients with head and neck cancers expressing high HO-1 had a favorable prognosis. Conclusions: Our results provide new insights into the role of GO-Y078-induced molecular regulation in suppressing OSCC growth and suggest that GO-Y078 has potential therapeutic applications for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hsien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chun Shih
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fang Ding
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Hsin Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Koo Hsieh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Meng-Ying Tsai
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Li
- Graduate Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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12
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In Vitro and In Vivo Cardioprotective Effects of Curcumin against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity: A Systematic Review. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:7277562. [PMID: 35237323 PMCID: PMC8885194 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7277562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to review the potential chemoprotective effects of curcumin against the doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Methods According to the PRISMA guideline, a comprehensive systematic search was performed in different electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus) up to July 2021. One hundred and sixty-four studies were screened in accordance with a predefined set of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Eighteen eligible articles were finally included in the current systematic review. Results According to the in vitro and in vivo findings, it was found that doxorubicin administration leads to decreased cell survival, increased mortality, decreased bodyweight, heart weight, and heart to the bodyweight ratio compared to the control groups. However, curcumin cotreatment demonstrated an opposite pattern in comparison with the doxorubicin-treated groups alone. Other findings showed that doxorubicin significantly induces biochemical changes in the cardiac cells/tissue. Furthermore, the histological changes on the cardiac tissue were observed following doxorubicin treatment. Nevertheless, for most of the cases, these biochemical and histological changes mediated by doxorubicin were reversed near to control groups following curcumin coadministration. Conclusion It can be mentioned that coadministration of curcumin alleviates the doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Curcumin exerts these cardioprotective effects through different mechanisms of antioxidant, antiapoptosis, and anti-inflammatory. Since the finding presented in this systematic review are based on in vitro and in vivo studies, suggesting the use of curcumin in cancer patients as a cardioprotector agent against cardiotoxicity mediated by doxorubicin requires further clinical studies.
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13
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Nakatomi C, Hitomi S, Yamaguchi K, Hsu CC, Seta Y, Harano N, Iwata K, Ono K. Cisplatin induces TRPA1-mediated mechanical allodynia in the oral mucosa. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 133:105317. [PMID: 34823152 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cisplatin, a platinum-based anticancer drug, produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) in many cell types and induces mechanical allodynia in the hands and/or feet (chemotherapy-induced painful neuropathy: CIPN). In this study, we examined the possibility of inducing neuropathy in the oral region using oral keratinocytes and rats. METHODS Human oral keratinocytes (HOKs) were used to evaluate ROS generation after cisplatin application by a ROS-reactive fluorescent assay. In rats, after cisplatin administrations (two times), the trigeminal ganglion (TG) was investigated by electron microscopy and quantitative RT-PCR. Using our proprietary assay system, oral pain-related behaviors were observed in cisplatin-treated rats. RESULTS In rats, cisplatin administration reduced food intake and body weight. In electron microscopic analysis, glycogen granules in the TG were depleted following administration, although organelles were intact. In HOK cells, cisplatin significantly increased ROS generation with cell death, similar to glycolysis inhibitors. Cisplatin administration did not show any effects on Trpa1 mRNA levels in the TG. However, the same procedure induced hypersensitivity to mechanical stimulation and the TRPA1 agonist allyl isothiocyanate in the oral mucosa. Mechanical hypersensitivity was inhibited by the antioxidative drug α-lipoic acid and the TRPA1 antagonist HC-030031, similar to that of the hind paw. CONCLUSION The present findings suggest that cisplatin induces TRPA1-mediated CIPN due to ROS generation in the oral region. This study will provide a better understanding of persistent oral pain in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Nakatomi
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Suzuro Hitomi
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Chia-Chien Hsu
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuji Seta
- Division of Anatomy, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nozomu Harano
- Division of Dental Anesthesiology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koichi Iwata
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ono
- Division of Physiology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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14
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Chadwick JW, Macdonald R, Ali AA, Glogauer M, Magalhaes MA. TNFα Signaling Is Increased in Progressing Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Regulates Malignant Transformation in an Oral Carcinogenesis Model. Front Oncol 2021; 11:741013. [PMID: 34650923 PMCID: PMC8507421 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.741013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral carcinogenesis represents a multi-stage process which encompasses several genetic and molecular changes that promote the progression of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) to oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). A better understanding of critical pathways governing the progression of OMPDs to OSCCs is critical to improve oncologic outcomes in the future. Previous studies have identified an important role of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) in the invasiveness of oral cancer cell lines. Here, we investigate the expression of TNFα and TNFR1 in human OPMDs that progress to OSCC compared to non-progressing OPMDs utilizing fluorescent immunohistochemistry (FIHC) to show increased TNFα/TNFR1 expression in progressing OPMDs. In order to interrogate the TNFα/TNFR1 signaling pathway, we utilized a 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO) mouse model of oral carcinogenesis to demonstrate that TNFα/TNFR1 expression is upregulated in 4-NQO-induced OSCCs. TNFα neutralization decreased serum cytokines, inhibited the development of invasive lesions and reduced tumor-associated neutrophils in vivo. Combined, this data supports the role of TNFα in oral malignant transformation, suggesting that critical immunoregulatory events occur downstream of TNFR1 leading to malignant transformation. Our results advance the understanding of the mechanisms governing OSCC invasion and may serve as a basis for alternative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to OPMDs and OSCC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey W Chadwick
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Dental Oncology and Maxillofacial Prosthetics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rachel Macdonald
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aiman A Ali
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Glogauer
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Dental Oncology and Maxillofacial Prosthetics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marco A Magalhaes
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Dentistry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
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15
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Azmi AS, Uddin MH, Mohammad RM. The nuclear export protein XPO1 - from biology to targeted therapy. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2021; 18:152-169. [PMID: 33173198 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-020-00442-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Exportin 1 (XPO1), also known as chromosome region maintenance protein 1, plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis via the regulated export of a range of cargoes, including proteins and several classes of RNAs, from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Dysregulation of this protein plays a pivotal role in the development of various solid and haematological malignancies. Furthermore, XPO1 is associated with resistance to several standard-of-care therapies, including chemotherapies and targeted therapies, making it an attractive target of novel cancer therapies. Over the years, a number of selective inhibitors of nuclear export have been developed. However, only selinexor has been clinically validated. The novel mechanism of action of XPO1 inhibitors implies a different toxicity profile to that of other agents and has proved challenging in certain settings. Nonetheless, data from clinical trials have led to the approval of the XPO1 inhibitor selinexor (plus dexamethasone) as a fifth-line therapy for patients with multiple myeloma and as a monotherapy for patients with relapsed and/or refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma. In this Review, we summarize the progress and challenges in the development of nuclear export inhibitors and discuss the potential of emerging combination therapies and biomarkers of response.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Dexamethasone/therapeutic use
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Hematologic Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Hematologic Neoplasms/genetics
- Hematologic Neoplasms/pathology
- Humans
- Hydrazines/therapeutic use
- Karyopherins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Karyopherins/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/genetics
- Triazoles/therapeutic use
- Exportin 1 Protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Asfar S Azmi
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Mohammed H Uddin
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ramzi M Mohammad
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
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16
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Wang N, Zhang Y, Liu H, Wang A, Ren T, Gou J, Zhang Y, Yin T, He H, Tang X. Toxicity Reduction and Efficacy Promotion of Doxorubicin in the Treatment of Breast Tumors Assisted by Enhanced Oral Absorption of Curcumin-Loaded Lipid-Polyester Mixed Nanoparticles. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:4533-4547. [PMID: 33201717 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin (CUR), a polyphenol derived from turmeric, exhibits anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties. However, it has poor water solubility, stability, and oral bioavailability. To overcome these limitations, lipid-polyester mixed nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in enteric polymer-EudragitL100-55(Eu) were formulated (CUR-NPs-Eu). NPs composed of mPEG-b-PCL have a hybrid core made up of middle chain triglyceride (MCT) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) for enhancing drug loading. The CUR-NPs with MCT content of 10% had a particle size of 121.2 ± 16.8 nm, ζ potential of -16.25 ± 1.38 mV, drug loading of 9.8%, and encapsulation efficiency of 87.4%. The transport of the CUR-NPs-Eu across Caco-2 monolayers is enhanced compared with CUR alone (1.98 ± 0.94 × 10-6 of curcumin versus 55.43 ± 6.06 × 10-6 cm/s of curcumin-loaded NPs) because of the non-disassociated nanostructure during absorption. The absolute bioavailability of CUR-NPs-Eu was 7.14%, which was drastically improved from 1.08% of the CUR suspension (CUR-Sus). Therefore, in the xenograft 4T1 tumor-bearing mice, increased drug accumulation in heart and tumor was noticed because of enhanced oral bioavailability of CUR. The chemosensitizing effect of CUR was attributed to its NF-κB reduction effect (148 ± 11.83 of DOX alone versus 104 ± 8.71 of combined therapy, ng/g tissue). The cardioprotective effect of CUR was associated with maintenance of cardiac antioxidant enzyme activity and down-regulation of NF-κB. This study provided a partial illustration of the mechanisms of chemosensitizing and cardioprotective effects of CUR utilizing the oral availability promotion effect brought by the NPs-Eu formulation. And these results further demonstrated that the capability of this NPs-Eu system in oral delivery of poorly soluble and poorly permeable drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | | | | | - Andong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Tianyang Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
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17
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Hung CC, Li FA, Liang SS, Wang LF, Lin IL, Chiu CC, Lee CH, Chen JYF. Direct Binding of Cisplatin to p22phox, an Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Membrane Protein, Contributes to Cisplatin Resistance in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173815. [PMID: 32825798 PMCID: PMC7504690 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Prolonged treatment with cisplatin (CDDP) frequently develops chemoresistance. We have previously shown that p22phox, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane protein, confers CDDP resistance by blocking CDDP nuclear entry in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells; however, the underlying mechanism remains unresolved. Using a fluorescent dye-labeled CDDP, here we show that CDDP can bind to p22phox in both cell-based and cell-free contexts. Subsequent detection of CDDP-peptide interaction by the Tris-Tricine-based electrophoresis revealed that GA-30, a synthetic peptide matching a region of the cytosolic domain of p22phox, could interact with CDDP. These results were further confirmed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) analysis, from which MA-11, an 11-amino acid subdomain of the GA-30 domain, could largely account for the interaction. Amino acid substitutions at Cys50, Met65 and Met73, but not His72, significantly impaired the binding between CDDP and the GA-30 domain, thereby suggesting the potential CDDP-binding residues in p22phox protein. Consistently, the p22phox point mutations at Cys50, Met65 and Met73, but not His72, resensitized OSCC cells to CDDP-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Finally, p22phox might have binding specificity for the platinum drugs, including CDDP, carboplatin and oxaliplatin. Together, we have not only identified p22phox as a novel CDDP-binding protein, but further highlighted the importance of such a drug-protein interaction in drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chang Hung
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-C.H.); (S.-S.L.); (C.-C.C.)
| | - Fu-An Li
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Shin Liang
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-C.H.); (S.-S.L.); (C.-C.C.)
- Institute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Feng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - I-Ling Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Chiu
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-C.H.); (S.-S.L.); (C.-C.C.)
| | - Chiu-Hsien Lee
- National Yujing Senior Vocational School of Technology and Commerce, Tainan 714, Taiwan;
| | - Jeff Yi-Fu Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-C.H.); (S.-S.L.); (C.-C.C.)
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-3121101 (ext. 2730)
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18
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Elderly head and neck cancer (HNC) patients are very rarely enrolled in clinical trials, and even more so in dedicated trials in curative or palliative setting. As a result, no standards of treatment exist for this population and thus, adaptation of standard treatments is commonly used. RECENT FINDINGS The choice between a monotherapy and a platinum-cetuximab combination is based on the performance status, which is not suitable and/or sufficient to evaluate the patient ability to receive a systemic treatment combined or not with radiotherapy. The evaluation of functional age using geriatric assessment is recommended. However, access to comprehensive geriatric assessment is limited in many centers, and the choice of the type of treatment is often not based on objective and reproducible criteria. As a result, fragile elderly HNC patients may be overtreated with a risk of increased toxicity and fit patients proposed for suboptimal treatment with a risk of failure of tumor control. SUMMARY It is therefore crucial to develop and evaluate customized treatments by enrolling elderly HNC patients in dedicated therapeutics trials, such as the ELAN (Elderly Head and Neck Cancer) studies or new approaches involving promising immunotherapies. To administer the most suitable therapy, a simple and reproducible geriatric assessment could efficiently guide practitioners.
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Liao J, Yang Z, Carter-Cooper B, Chang ET, Choi EY, Kallakury B, Liu X, Lapidus RG, Cullen KJ, Dan H. Suppression of migration, invasion, and metastasis of cisplatin-resistant head and neck squamous cell carcinoma through IKKβ inhibition. Clin Exp Metastasis 2020; 37:283-292. [PMID: 32020377 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-020-10021-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We explored the role of the transcription factor, NF-κB, and its upstream kinase IKKβ in regulation of migration, invasion, and metastasis of cisplatin-resistant head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We showed that cisplatin-resistant HNSCC cells have a stronger ability to migrate and invade, as well as display higher IKKβ/NF-κB activity compared to their parental partners. Importantly, we found that knockdown of IKKβ, but not NF-κB, dramatically impaired cell migration and invasion in these cells. Consistent with this, the IKKβ inhibitor, CmpdA, also inhibited cell migration and invasion. Previous studies have already shown that N-Cadherin, an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker, and IL-6, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, play important roles in regulation of HNSCC migration, invasion, and metastasis. We found that cisplatin-resistant HNSCC expressed higher levels of N-Cadherin and IL-6, which were significantly inhibited by CmpdA. More importantly, we showed that CmpdA treatment dramatically abated cisplatin-resistant HNSCC cell metastasis to lungs in a mouse model. Our data demonstrated the crucial role of IKKβ in control of migration, invasion, and metastasis, and implicated that targeting IKKβ may be a potential therapy for cisplatin-resistant metastatic HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jipei Liao
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zejia Yang
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Brandon Carter-Cooper
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth T Chang
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eun Yong Choi
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bhaskar Kallakury
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Xuefeng Liu
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rena G Lapidus
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kevin J Cullen
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hancai Dan
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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20
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Ferris RL, Saba NF, Gitlitz BJ, Haddad R, Sukari A, Neupane P, Morris JC, Misiukiewicz K, Bauman JE, Fenton M, Jimeno A, Adkins DR, Schneider CJ, Sacco AG, Shirai K, Bowles DW, Gibson M, Nwizu T, Gottardo R, Manjarrez KL, Dietsch GN, Bryan JK, Hershberg RM, Cohen EEW. Effect of Adding Motolimod to Standard Combination Chemotherapy and Cetuximab Treatment of Patients With Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: The Active8 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Oncol 2019; 4:1583-1588. [PMID: 29931076 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2018.1888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance Immunotherapy for recurrent and/or metastatic (R/M) squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) is promising. The toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8) agonist motolimod may stimulate innate and adaptive immunity. Objective To determine whether motolimod improves outcomes for R/M SCCHN when combined with standard therapy. Design, Setting, and Participants The Active8 study was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial enrolling adult patients (age ≥18 years) with histologically confirmed R/M SCCHN of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, or larynx between October 2013 and August 2015. Follow-up ended September 2016. Analysis for the present report was conducted between June 2016 and December 2017. Interventions Combination treatment with platinum (carboplatin or cisplatin), fluorouracil, cetuximab (the EXTREME regimen), and either placebo or motolimod, each administered intravenously every 3 weeks. Patients received a maximum of 6 chemotherapy cycles, after which patients received weekly cetuximab with either placebo or motolimod every 4 weeks. Main Outcomes and Measures Progression-free survival (PFS) as determined by independent central review using immune-related RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors). Key secondary end points included overall survival (OS) and safety. Results Of 195 patients enrolled, 85% were men (n = 166); 82% were white (n = 159); median age was 58 years (range 23-81 years). Median PFS was 6.1 vs 5.9 months (hazard ratio [HR], 0.99; 1-sided 90% CI, 0.00-1.22; P = .47), and median OS was 13.5 vs 11.3 months (HR, 0.95; 1-sided 90% CI, 0.00-1.22; P = .40) for motolimod vs placebo. Increased incidence of injection site reactions, pyrexia, chills, anemia, and acneiform rash were noted with motolimod. Of 83 cases oropharyngeal cancer, 52 (63%) were human papillomavirus (HPV) positive. In a prespecified subgroup analysis of HPV-positive participants, motolimod vs placebo resulted in significantly longer PFS (7.8 vs 5.9 months; HR, 0.58; 1-sided 90% CI, 0.00-0.90; P = .046) and OS (15.2 vs 12.6 months; HR, 0.41; 1-sided 90% CI, 0.00-0.77; P = .03). In an exploratory analysis, patients with injection site reactions had longer PFS and OS (median PFS, 7.1 vs 5.9 months; HR, 0.69; 1-sided 90% CI, 0.00-0.93; P = .06; and median OS, 18.7 vs 12.6; HR, 0.56; 1-sided 90% CI, 0.00-0.81; P = .02). Conclusions and Relevance Adding motolimod to the EXTREME regimen was well tolerated but did not improve PFS or OS in the intent-to-treat population. Significant benefit was observed in HPV-positive patients and those with injection site reactions, suggesting that TLR8 stimulation may benefit subset- and biomarker-selected patients. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01836029.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Ferris
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Nabil F Saba
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Barbara J Gitlitz
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | | | | | | | - John C Morris
- University of Cincinnati Cancer Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | | | - Julie E Bauman
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Moon Fenton
- West Cancer Center, University of Tennessee, Memphis
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael Gibson
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Raphael Gottardo
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | | | | | | | | | - Ezra E W Cohen
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla
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21
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Deshpande A, Nandu VV, Jadhav J. Role of Single-Agent Methotrexate as a Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Oral Cavity Cancers. Indian J Surg Oncol 2019; 10:125-129. [PMID: 30948886 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-018-0846-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cancers are the most common cancer in India due to tobacco abuse in the form of chewing, smoking, and inhalation. Majority of these patients present late at advanced disease stage. Such patients have significant morbidity irrespective of the intent of treatment; the survival rate is very poor. To improve loco-regional control and survival, neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been started in many centers all over the world. To study the effect of injecting methotrexate as a single agent in (1) down-staging and increasing operability of oral cancers, (2) need for reconstructive surgery, and (3) recurrence. A total of 50 patients with biopsy-proven oral malignancy were selected over a period of 2 years from August 2014 to August 2016 for the study. Patients were subjected to weekly dose of injecting methotrexate 1 mg/kg given intravenously for 6 weeks. All patients underwent surgery after completing 6 cycles of methotrexate. A total 50 patients were started on inj. methotrexate of which 9 patients did not complete neoadjuvant chemotherapy. 53.7% of patients showed more than 50% decrease in tumor size. 29.26% of patients showed complete disappearance of cervical lymph nodes and 31.7% of patients showed more than 50% decrease in size of cervical lymph nodes. 48.78% of patients were managed with wide local excision with primary closure, decreasing the need of reconstructive surgery. 94.74% of patients did not show any recurrence in follow-up period of 1 year. Single agent methotrexate is effective in down-staging oral cancers, improving operability and decreasing morbidity and recurrence among patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amol Deshpande
- Department of General Surgery, Shri Vasantrao Naik Government Medical College, Yavatmal, Maharashtra India
| | - Vipul V Nandu
- Department of General Surgery, Shri Vasantrao Naik Government Medical College, Yavatmal, Maharashtra India
| | - Jaideep Jadhav
- Department of General Surgery, Shri Vasantrao Naik Government Medical College, Yavatmal, Maharashtra India
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22
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Weber M, Wehrhan F, Baran C, Agaimy A, Büttner-Herold M, Kesting M, Ries J. Prognostic significance of PD-L2 expression in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma-A comparison to the PD-L1 expression profile. Cancer Med 2019; 8:1124-1134. [PMID: 30659749 PMCID: PMC6434218 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the observed association of increased PD-L1 expression in peripheral blood of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients with histomorphologic parameters, the role of the PD1 ligands-PD-L1 and PD-L2-is insufficiently understood. Aim of the study was to investigate whether the alterations of PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression in blood are associated with survival and could serve as immune monitoring parameter. Moreover, it should be analyzed if PD-L2 is differentially expressed in tissue and blood samples of OSCC patients compared to healthy controls and if there is an association of PD-L2 expression with histomorphologic and prognostic tumor parameters. METHODS PD-L2 mRNA expression was analyzed in tumors and healthy oral mucosa specimens and in corresponding peripheral blood samples of 48 OSCC patients and 26 healthy controls using RT-qPCR. A cutoff point (COP) was determined and a chi-square test (χ2 test) was carried out. Survival analysis of PD-L2 and previously reported PD-L1 expression data was performed using Kaplan-Meier analysis (Log-rank test). RESULTS PD-L2 expression in tissue samples was significantly (P < 0.001) higher in OSCC patients compared to healthy controls. A significant association of PD-L2 expression above the COP (positive) with malignancy was ascertained (P < 0.001). A significant (P = 0.01) association of previously reported PD-L1 expression rates in peripheral blood with survival could be shown. CONCLUSION Peripheral blood PD-L1 expression might be a prognostic marker for OSCC patients and a possible parameter to monitor immune dysfunction in malign diseases. In the peripheral blood, PD-L1 might be more relevant for immune tolerance than PD-L2. Local PD-L2 expression in tissue samples might be useful as a diagnostic parameter for malignancy and could contribute to the immunosuppressive local microenvironment in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Weber
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Falk Wehrhan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Baran
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Abbas Agaimy
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maike Büttner-Herold
- Institute of Pathology, Department of Nephropathology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marco Kesting
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jutta Ries
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
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23
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Lee HM, Okuda KS, González FE, Patel V. Current Perspectives on Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1164:11-34. [PMID: 31576537 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-22254-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Of the ~129,079 new cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and 72,987 associated deaths estimated for 2018, the majority will be geographically localized to South East Asia, and likely to show an upward trend annually. It is thought that disparities in dietary habits, lifestyle, and exposures to harmful environmental factors are likely the root cause of NPC incidence rates to differ geographically. Genetic differences due to ethnicity and the Epstein Barr virus (EBV) are likely contributing factors. Pertinently, NPC is associated with poor prognosis which is largely attributed to lack of awareness of the salient symptoms of NPC. These include nose hemorrhage and headaches and coupled with detection and the limited therapeutic options. Treatment options include radiotherapy or chemotherapy or combination of both. Surgical excision is generally the last option considered for advanced and metastatic disease, given the close proximity of nasopharynx to brain stem cell area, major blood vessels, and nerves. To improve outcome of NPC patients, novel cellular and in vivo systems are needed to allow an understanding of the underling molecular events causal for NPC pathogenesis and for identifying novel therapeutic targets and effective therapies. While challenges and gaps in current NPC research are noted, some advances in targeted therapies and immunotherapies targeting EBV NPCs are discussed in this chapter, which may offer improvements in outcome of NPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Mei Lee
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kazuhida Shaun Okuda
- Division of Genomics of Development and Disease, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Fermín E González
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology and Cancer, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Vyomesh Patel
- Cancer Research Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
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24
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Cheng AN, Lo YK, Lin YS, Tang TK, Hsu CH, Hsu JTA, Lee AYL. Identification of Novel Cdc7 Kinase Inhibitors as Anti-Cancer Agents that Target the Interaction with Dbf4 by the Fragment Complementation and Drug Repositioning Approach. EBioMedicine 2018; 36:241-251. [PMID: 30293817 PMCID: PMC6197782 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cdc7-Dbf4 is a conserved serine/threonine kinase that plays an important role in initiation of DNA replication and DNA damage tolerance in eukaryotic cells. Cdc7 has been found overexpressed in human cancer cell lines and tumor tissues, and the knockdown of Cdc7 expression causes an p53-independent apoptosis, suggesting that Cdc7 is a target for cancer therapy. Only a handful Cdc7 kinase inhibitors have been reported. All Cdc7 kinase inhibitors, including PHA-767491, were identified and characterized as ATP-competitive inhibitors. Unfortunately, these ATP-competitive Cdc7 inhibitors have no good effect on clinical trial. METHODS Here, we have developed a novel drug-screening platform to interrupt the interaction between Cdc7 and Dbf4 based on Renilla reniformis luciferase (Rluc)-linked protein-fragment complementation assay (Rluc-PCA). Using drug repositioning approach, we found several promising Cdc7 inhibitors for cancer therapy from a FDA-approved drug library. FINDINGS Our data showed that dequalinium chloride and clofoctol we screened inhibit S phase progression, accumulation in G2/M phase, and Cdc7 kinase activity. In addition, in vivo mice animal study suggests that dequalinium chloride has a promising anti-tumor activity in oral cancer. Interestingly, we also found that dequalinium chloride and clofoctol sensitize the effect of platinum compounds and radiation due to synergistic effect. In conclusion, we identified non-ATP-competitive Cdc7 kinase inhibitors that not only blocks DNA synthesis at the beginning but also sensitizes cancer cells to DNA damage agents. INTERPRETATION The inhibitors will be a promising anti-cancer agent and enhance the therapeutic effect of chemotherapy and radiation for current cancer therapy. FUND: This work was supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Health and Welfare, and National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Ning Cheng
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kang Lo
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Sheng Lin
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Tswen-Kei Tang
- Department of Nursing, National Quemoy University, Kinmen 89250, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hua Hsu
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - John T-A Hsu
- National Health Research Institutes, Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan
| | - Alan Yueh-Luen Lee
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
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25
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Saenz-Ponce N, Pillay R, de Long LM, Kashyap T, Argueta C, Landesman Y, Hazar-Rethinam M, Boros S, Panizza B, Jacquemyn M, Daelemans D, Gannon OM, Saunders NA. Targeting the XPO1-dependent nuclear export of E2F7 reverses anthracycline resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Sci Transl Med 2018; 10:eaar7223. [PMID: 29950445 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aar7223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Patient mortality rates have remained stubbornly high (40%) for the past 35 years in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) due to inherent or acquired drug resistance. Thus, a critical issue in advanced SCC is to identify and target the mechanisms that contribute to therapy resistance. We report that the transcriptional inhibitor, E2F7, is mislocalized to the cytoplasm in >80% of human HNSCCs, whereas the transcriptional activator, E2F1, retains localization to the nucleus in SCC. This results in an imbalance in the control of E2F-dependent targets such as SPHK1, which is derepressed and drives resistance to anthracyclines in HNSCC. Specifically, we show that (i) E2F7 is subject to exportin 1 (XPO1)-dependent nuclear export, (ii) E2F7 is selectively mislocalized in most of SCC and multiple other tumor types, (iii) mislocalization of E2F7 in HNSCC causes derepression of Sphk1 and drives anthracycline resistance, and (iv) anthracycline resistance can be reversed with a clinically available inhibitor of XPO1, selinexor, in xenotransplant models of HNSCC. Thus, we have identified a strategy to repurpose anthracyclines for use in SCC. More generally, we provide a strategy to restore the balance of E2F1 (activator) and E2F7 (inhibitor) activity in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Saenz-Ponce
- Epithelial Pathobiology Group, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Rachael Pillay
- Epithelial Pathobiology Group, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Lilia Merida de Long
- Epithelial Pathobiology Group, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Samuel Boros
- Department of Pathology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Benedict Panizza
- Department of Ear Nose and Throat, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Maarten Jacquemyn
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dirk Daelemans
- Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Orla M Gannon
- Epithelial Pathobiology Group, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Nicholas A Saunders
- Epithelial Pathobiology Group, University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, Queensland 4102, Australia.
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26
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Fan H, Li H, Liu G, Cong W, Zhao H, Cao W, Zheng J. Doxorubicin combined with low intensity ultrasound suppresses the growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma in culture and in xenografts. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:163. [PMID: 29157266 PMCID: PMC5696881 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0633-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) invades surrounding tissues by upregulating matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) -2 and −9, which causes over-expression of the Hedgehog signaling proteins Shh and Gli-1 and degradation of the extracellular matrix, thereby creating a “highway” for tumor invasion. We explored the potential of low intensity ultrasound (LIUS) and doxorubicin (DOX) to inhibit the formation of this “highway”. Methods MTT assays were used to examine OSCC cell viability after exposure to LIUS and DOX. The cell morphological changes and ultrastructure were detected by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Endogenous autophagy-associated proteins were analyzed by immunofluorescent staining and western blotting. Cell migration and invasion abilities were evaluated by Transwell assays. Collagen fiber changes were evaluated by Masson’s trichrome staining. Invasion-associated proteins were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Results LIUS of 1 W/cm2 increased the in vitro DOX uptake into OSCC by nearly 3-fold in three different cell lines and induced transient autophagic vacuoles on the cell surface. The combination of LIUS and 0.2 μg/ml DOX inhibited tumor cell viability and invasion, promoted tumor stromal collagen deposition, and prolonged the survival of mice. This combination also down-regulated MMP-2, MMP-9, Shh and Gli-1 in tumor xenografts. Collagen fiber expression was negatively correlated with the expression of these proteins in human OSCC samples. Conclusions Our findings suggest that effective low dosages of DOX in combination with LIUS can inhibit cell proliferation, migration and invasion, which might be through MMP-2/9 production mediated by the Hedgehog signaling pathway. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-017-0633-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Fan
- Departmentof Anatomy, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, 194 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China.,Department of Oral Medicine, Jining Medical College, Shandong, 272067, China
| | - Haixia Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Guanyao Liu
- Department of Oral Pathology, Stomatological Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Wei Cong
- Departmentof Anatomy, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, 194 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Departmentof Anatomy, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, 194 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Wenwu Cao
- Condensed Matter Science and Technology Institute, and Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China.,Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
| | - Jinhua Zheng
- Departmentof Anatomy, Basic Medical Science College, Harbin Medical University, 194 Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150081, China.
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Desai KGH. Polymeric drug delivery systems for intraoral site-specific chemoprevention of oral cancer. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2017. [PMID: 28650116 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oral cancer is among the most prevalent cancers in the world. Moreover, it is one of the major health problems and causes of death in many regions of the world. The traditional treatment modalities include surgical removal, radiation therapy, systemic chemotherapy, or a combination of these methods. In recent decades, there has been significant interest in intraoral site-specific chemoprevention via local drug delivery using polymeric systems. Because of its easy accessibility and clear visibility, the oral mucosa is amenable for local drug delivery. A variety of polymeric systems-such as gels, tablets, films, patches, injectable systems (e.g., millicylindrical implants, microparticles, and in situ-forming depots), and nanosized carriers (e.g., polymeric nanoparticles, nanofibers, polymer-drug conjugates, polymeric micelles, nanoliposomes, nanoemulsions, and polymersomes)-have been developed and evaluated for the local delivery of natural and synthetic chemopreventive agents. The findings of in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies and the positive outcome of clinical trials demonstrate that intraoral site-specific drug delivery is an attractive, highly effective and patient-friendly strategy for the management of oral cancer. Intraoral site-specific drug delivery provides unique therapeutic advantages when compared to systemic chemotherapy. Moreover, intraoral drug delivery systems are self-administrable and can be removed when needed, increasing patient compliance. This article covers important aspects and advances related to the design, development, and efficacy of polymeric systems for intraoral site-specific drug delivery. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1383-1413, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashappa Goud H Desai
- Biopharmaceutical Product Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, 19406
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28
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Hung CC, Chien CY, Chu PY, Wu YJ, Lin CS, Huang CJ, Chan LP, Wang YY, Yuan SSF, Hour TC, Chen JYF. Differential resistance to platinum-based drugs and 5-fluorouracil in p22phox-overexpressing oral squamous cell carcinoma: Implications of alternative treatment strategies. Head Neck 2017; 39:1621-1630. [PMID: 28498554 DOI: 10.1002/hed.24803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously shown that p22phox confers resistance to cisplatin in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Whether p22phox has clinical correlation with cisplatin resistance and affects the efficacy of other platinum or nonplatinum drugs is unknown. METHODS The p22phox expression in tissues and apoptotic markers in cell lines was detected by immunoblotting. The cytotoxicity of chemotherapy drugs was determined by methylthiazol tetrazolium assay. In vivo chemoresistance of p22phox-overexpressing tumors was confirmed by the xenograft mouse model. RESULTS The p22phox was upregulated in tumors of patients with OSCC refractory to cisplatin treatment. The p22phox overexpression markedly increased the resistance to cisplatin and carboplatin, but not oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), in OSCC cells by differentially inhibiting the drug-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, p22phox-dependent resistance to cisplatin, but not 5-FU, was demonstrated in mouse xenograft tumors. CONCLUSION The p22phox expression may not only be a prognostic biomarker for prediction of chemotherapy outcomes, but the indication for alternative treatment strategies in oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chang Hung
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yu Chien
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Chu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Wu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Shen Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Leong-Perng Chan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Yun Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shyng-Shiou F Yuan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzyh-Chyuan Hour
- Institute of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jeff Yi-Fu Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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29
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Ma C, Wang J, Fan L, Guo Y. Inhibition of CD147 expression promotes chemosensitivity in HNSCC cells by deactivating MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. Exp Mol Pathol 2017; 102:59-64. [PMID: 28062212 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. CD147, a transmembrane glycoprotein, has been reported to be correlated with cancer progression, metastasis, and chemoresistance in various cancers. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanism of CD147 in regulating drug resistance in HNSCC cells. qRT-PCR were used to evaluated the expression of CD147 in 57 HNSCC tumorous tissues and 2 cell lines. Increased expression of CD147 was found in most HNSCC samples, and the expression level of CD147 was correlated with multidrug resistance. CD147 RNA silencing decreased the chemoresistance of HNSCC cells by deactivating MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. Further investigation revealed that either rescue expression of CD147 or treatment of MAPK/ERK activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) in CD147 knockdown CRC cell line attenuated the decreased chemoresistance in CD147 knockdown cells. Taken together, our results suggest that CD147 promotes chemoresistance by activating MAPK/ERK signaling pathway in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ma
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Cangzhou central hospital of Hebei province, Cangzhou 061001, China
| | - Jianqi Wang
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Cangzhou central hospital of Hebei province, Cangzhou 061001, China
| | - Longkun Fan
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Cangzhou central hospital of Hebei province, Cangzhou 061001, China
| | - Yanjun Guo
- Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Cangzhou central hospital of Hebei province, Cangzhou 061001, China.
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30
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p22phox confers resistance to cisplatin, by blocking its entry into the nucleus. Oncotarget 2016; 6:4110-25. [PMID: 25686830 PMCID: PMC4414176 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) is a potent chemotherapeutic agent but resistance to the drug remains a major challenge in cancer treatment. To evaluate the efficacy of CDDP in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), we found that p22phox was highly expressed in CDDP-resistant OSCC specimens. Knockdown of p22phox sensitized OSCC cell lines to CDDP (P < 0.05). Stable overexpression of p22phox augmented CDDP resistance, as evidenced by the significantly higher IC50 values. This cytoprotective effect was attributed to the abrogation of CDDP-induced apoptosis. Akt phosphorylation was increased in p22phox stable lines. However, blocking PI3K/Akt pathway only partially restored CDDP-induced apoptosis. In addition, the overexpressed p22phox in OSCC cells exhibited cytoplasmic localization with enhanced perinuclear expression, consistent with the localization pattern in OSCC specimens. Remarkably, CDDP entry into the nucleus was severely impaired in p22phox-overexpressing cells (P < 0.001), and cytoplasmically accumulated CDDP was co-localized with overexpressed p22phox. This was supported by decreased CDDP-DNA adduct formation and delayed chk1-p53 signaling activation. Together, overexpression of p22phox sequestered CDDP and caused defective CDDP entry into the nucleus, significantly attenuating CDDP-induced apoptosis. Such diminished apoptosis was further abolished by p22phox-activating PI3K/Akt pathway. Our work has suggested a novel biomarker and insight into the mechanism of CDDP resistance.
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31
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Jin D, Ma X, Luo Y, Fang S, Xie Z, Li X, Qi D, Zhang F, Kong J, Li J, Lin B, Liu T. Application of a microfluidic-based perivascular tumor model for testing drug sensitivity in head and neck cancers and toxicity in endothelium. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra01456a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A drug sensitivity test prior to clinical treatment is necessary for individualized cancer therapy.
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32
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Pavón MA, Parreño M, Téllez-Gabriel M, León X, Arroyo-Solera I, López M, Céspedes MV, Casanova I, Gallardo A, López-Pousa A, Mangues MA, Quer M, Barnadas A, Mangues R. CKMT1 and NCOA1 expression as a predictor of clinical outcome in patients with advanced-stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Head Neck 2015; 38 Suppl 1:E1392-403. [PMID: 26516695 DOI: 10.1002/hed.24232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We studied the association between the expression of a subset of previously identified genes and clinical outcome in patients with head and neck cancer. METHODS We analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) the expression of 89 genes in tumor biopsies from stage III to IVa/b chemotherapy treated patients (n = 46). Two additional cohorts analyzed by RNAseq (The Cancer Genome Atlas [TCGA] project; n = 371) or immunohistochemistry (IHC; n = 73) were used to validate results. RESULTS Thirty genes were associated with local-recurrence or progression-free survival. The best multi-gene decision-tree model to predict local recurrence included nuclear receptor coactivator 1 (NCOA1) and serum-amyloid A2 (SAA2) expression, whereas the best model to predict disease recurrence included creatine kinase mitochondrial 1 (CKMT1) and metal-regulatory transcription factor 1 (MTF1). Both models were associated with cancer-specific survival. Results were confirmed analyzing the RNAseq data included in the TCGA project. CKMT1 and NCOA1 were identified as independent risk factors for survival in an independent cohort analyzed by immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSION CKMT1 and NCOA1 expression has prognostic significance in advanced-stage head and neck carcinoma. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1392-E1403, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Pavón
- Grup d'Oncogènesi i Antitumorals (GOA), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (HSCSP), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Matilde Parreño
- Translational Molecular Oncology, IIB-Sant Pau, HSCSP, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Téllez-Gabriel
- Grup d'Oncogènesi i Antitumorals (GOA), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (HSCSP), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier León
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, IIB-Sant Pau, HSCSP, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Arroyo-Solera
- Grup d'Oncogènesi i Antitumorals (GOA), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (HSCSP), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat López
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, IIB-Sant Pau, HSCSP, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Virtudes Céspedes
- Grup d'Oncogènesi i Antitumorals (GOA), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (HSCSP), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isolda Casanova
- Grup d'Oncogènesi i Antitumorals (GOA), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (HSCSP), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Antonio López-Pousa
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, IIB-Sant Pau, HSCSP, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Miquel Quer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, IIB-Sant Pau, HSCSP, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agustí Barnadas
- Department of Medical Oncology, IIB-Sant Pau, HSCSP, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón Mangues
- Grup d'Oncogènesi i Antitumorals (GOA), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (HSCSP), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
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33
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Yossi S, Linot B, Peyraga G, Breheret R, Laccourreye L, Capitain O. Feasibility and safety of dose-dense modified docetaxel–cisplatin or carboplatin and 5-fluorouracil regimen (mTPF) in locally advanced or metastatic head and neck cancers: a retrospective monocentric study. Int J Clin Oncol 2015; 20:1086-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s10147-015-0836-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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34
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Leelahavanichkul K, Amornphimoltham P, Molinolo AA, Basile JR, Koontongkaew S, Gutkind JS. A role for p38 MAPK in head and neck cancer cell growth and tumor-induced angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Mol Oncol 2014; 8:105-18. [PMID: 24216180 PMCID: PMC3946852 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2013] [Revised: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We have recently gained a remarkable understanding of the mutational landscape of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, the nature of the dysregulated signaling networks contributing to HNSCC progression is still poorly defined. Here, we have focused on the role of the family of mitogen activated kinases (MAPKs), extracellular regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 MAPK in HNSCC. Immunohistochemical analysis of a large collection of human HNSCC tissues revealed that the levels of the phosphorylated active form of ERK1/2 and JNK were elevated in less than 33% and 16% of the cases, respectively. Strikingly, however, high levels of active phospho-p38 were observed in most (79%) of hundreds of tissues analyzed. We explored the biological role of p38 in HNSCC cell lines using three independent approaches: treatment with a specific p38 inhibitor, SB203580; a retro-inhibition strategy consisting in the use of SB203580 combined with the expression of an inhibitor-insensitive mutant form of p38α; and short-hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) targeting p38α. We found that specific blockade of p38 signaling significantly inhibited the proliferation of HNSCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Indeed, we observed that p38 inhibition in HNSCC cancer cells reduces cancer growth in tumor xenografts and a remarkable decrease in intratumoral blood and lymphatic vessels. We conclude that p38α functions as a positive regulator of HNSCC in the context of the tumor microenvironment, controlling cancer cell growth as well as tumor-induced angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kantima Leelahavanichkul
- Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA; Faculty of Dentistry, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Panomwat Amornphimoltham
- Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alfredo A Molinolo
- Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John R Basile
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental School, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - J Silvio Gutkind
- Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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35
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Galbiatti ALS, Castro R, Caldas HC, Padovani JA, Pavarino EC, Goloni-Bertollo EM. Alterations in the expression pattern of MTHFR, DHFR, TYMS, and SLC19A1 genes after treatment of laryngeal cancer cells with high and low doses of methotrexate. Tumour Biol 2013; 34:3765-71. [PMID: 23838799 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-0960-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Inter-individual variations to methotrexate (MTX) outcome have been attributed to different expression profiles of genes related to folate metabolism. To elucidate the mechanisms of variations to MTX outcome, we investigated MTHFR, DHFR, TYMS, and SLC19A1 gene expression profiles by quantifying the mRNA level of the genes involved in folate metabolism to MTX response in laryngeal cancer cell line (HEP-2). For this, three different concentrations of MTX (0.25, 25, and 75 μmol) were added separately in HEP-2 cell line for 24 h at 37 °C. Apoptotis quantification was evaluated with fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled Bcl-2 by flow cytometry. Real-time quantitative PCR technique was performed by quantification of gene expression with TaqMan® Gene Expression Assay. ANOVA and Bonferroni's post hoc tests were utilized for statistical analysis. The results showed that the numbers of apoptotic HEP-2 cells with 0.25, 25.0, and 75.0 μmol of MTX were 14.57, 77.54, and 91.58%, respectively. We found that the expression levels for MTHFR, DHFR, TYMS, and SLC19A1 genes were increased in cells with 75.0 μmol of MTX (p < 0.05). Moreover, SLC19A1 gene presented lower expression in cells treated with 0.25 μmol of MTX (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our data suggest that MTHFR, DHFR, TYMS, and SLC19A1 genes present increased expression after the highest application of MTX dose in laryngeal cancer cell line. Furthermore, SLC19A1 gene also presents decreased expression after the lowest application of MTX dose in laryngeal cancer cell line. Significant alterations of expression of these studied genes in cell culture model may give support for studies in clinical practice and predict interesting and often novel mechanisms of resistance of MTX chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lívia Silva Galbiatti
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Research Unit (UPGEM), São José do Rio Preto Medical School (FAMERP), Avenida Brigadeiro Faria Lima, n.5416, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil,
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36
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Huang Z, Li H, Huang Q, Chen D, Han J, Wang L, Pan C, Chen W, House MG, Nephew KP, Guo Z. SERPINB2 down-regulation contributes to chemoresistance in head and neck cancer. Mol Carcinog 2013; 53:777-86. [PMID: 23661500 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to cisplatin-based chemotherapy is responsible for the majority of deaths from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). In this study, using genome-wide gene expression analysis to investigate potential molecular mediators of HNSCC chemoresistance, we identified SERPINB2, a known inhibitor of extracellular serine proteinase urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), as an important candidate. Whereas SERPINB2 is known to function as a suppressor of uPA molecular cascades, many of which play important roles in tumor invasion and metastasis, a role for SERPINB2 in cancer drug resistance has not been examined. By using quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analysis, we determined that SERPINB2 mRNA and protein levels correlated with chemoresistance in HNSCC cell lines, and significantly lower SERPINB2 expression levels were observed in two cisplatin resistant HNSCC subclones compared to their isogenic drug-sensitive parental lines. Immunohistochemical analysis of HNSCC tumor tissues from patients treated with neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy (n = 67 cases) revealed a significant association between SERPINB2 protein levels, tumor differentiation and patient relapse. Moreover, SERPINB2 down-regulation was a strong predictor of reduced overall survival in patients with HNSCC who received cisplatin-based chemotherapy (P = 0.001, log rank test). Studies using either siRNA-mediated down-regulation or forced over-expression of SERPINB2 in HNSCC cell lines confirmed a functional role for SERPINB2 in drug resistance. The findings were further supported using chemical inhibitors of STAT3 activity (a downstream effecter of uPAR signaling pathway), showing that STAT3 suppression altered HNSCC cell line cisplatin sensitivity. This is the first report on a role for SERPINB2 in acquired resistance to cisplatin in patients with HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiquan Huang
- Medical Sciences Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, Indiana; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R., China; Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology and Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
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37
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Mehta S, Moon J, Hashmi M, Leblanc M, Huang CH, Rinehart E, Wolf GT, Urba SG, Banerjee SK, Williamson S. Predictive factors in patients with advanced and metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: a study based on SWOG protocol S0420. Oncol Rep 2013; 29:2095-100. [PMID: 23563900 PMCID: PMC3694610 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the prognostic values of different protein expression in the progression of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) patients, we conducted immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis in tissue samples of different patients enrolled on SWOG protocol S0420. S0420 was a phase II trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of single-agent sorafenib in chemotherapy-naïve patients with metastatic or recurrent SCCHN. The primary end point was response probability, i.e., confirmed complete (CR) and partial response (PR). Sorafenib was administered orally at 400 mg twice daily on a continuous basis in 28-day cycles to eligible patients. Responses were evaluated according to RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors) criteria. IHC analysis was performed for various markers and data were analyzed statistically. IHC data were obtained from 19 patients enrolled on S0420. There was a high frequency of cases with expression of the angiogenesis markers SMA, HIF-1α, Raf-1, VEGF and VEGF-R. None of the markers were significantly associated with response. Negative HER-2 status was associated with longer progression-free survival (PFS), P=0.04. Negative NRP-1 status was associated with longer overall survival (OS), P=0.04. There were no other significant associations. An almost universal overexpression of angiogenesis markers in the samples analyzed supports the evaluation of angiogenesis inhibition as a potential target for therapy. High levels of NRP-1 and HER-2 in SCCHN samples appear to be associated with decreased survival and earlier progression of disease, respectively, in SCCHN patients and may represent targets for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Mehta
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Westwood, KS 66205, USA
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Li H, Fan H, Wang Z, Zheng J, Cao W. Potentiation of scutellarin on human tongue carcinoma xenograft by low-intensity ultrasound. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59473. [PMID: 23536878 PMCID: PMC3607613 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Scutellarin 7-O-β-d-glucuronide (scutellarin) has shown great potential as a chemotherapeutic agent for cancer treatment, but only at high dosage. Here we investigate the possibility of using low intensity ultrasound to reduce the scutellarin dosage. Ultrasound intensities of 1.0 W/cm2 and 0.05 W/cm2 were used for in vivo and in vitro experiments, respectively, and a very low dosage of scutellarin (15 nM) was used. Tumor-bearing Balb/c mice and SAS human-tongue squamous carcinoma cell suspensions were used for the in vivo and in vitro experiments, respectively. Each kind of subjects was divided into control, ultrasound-alone, scutellarin-alone, and combined ultrasound-scutellarin treatment groups. Only the combined treatment showed strong anticancer effects. In the in vivo case, the combined treatment significantly delayed tumor growth, initiated cellular chromatin changes (including a decrease in the number of cytoplasmic organelles and fragmentation of condensed nuclear chromatin), inhibited tumor angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, stopped cancer-cell proliferation, decreased MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression levels and caused cancer-cell apoptosis. In the in vitro case, the combined treatment produced cancer cell-shape irregularity in a manner seriously fractured microvilli, inhibited cancer-cell migratory and invasion activities, and induced cancer-cell apoptosis. Because the combined treatment did not increase intracellular ROS production, scutellarin is not a sonosensitizer so that the anticancer effect is not through sonodynamic therapy. Low-intensity ultrasound is merely increasing the permeability of scutellarin into cancer cells. Based on our results, one may perform localized chemotherapy using much reduced dosage of the drug with the help of low intensity ultrasound, which will greatly minimize side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Li
- Laboratory of Sono- and Photo-theranostic Technologies, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Haixia Fan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhu Wang
- Laboratory of Sono- and Photo-theranostic Technologies, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jinhua Zheng
- Laboratory of Sono- and Photo-theranostic Technologies, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wenwu Cao
- Laboratory of Sono- and Photo-theranostic Technologies, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Miyazaki T, Hasegawa Y, Hanai N, Ozawa T, Hirakawa H, Suzuki A, Okamoto H, Harata I. Survival impact of pulmonary metastasectomy for patients with head and neck cancer. Head Neck 2013; 35:1745-51. [PMID: 23468335 DOI: 10.1002/hed.23232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the survival impact and prognostic factors of pulmonary metastasectomy in patients with pulmonary metastasis from head and neck cancer. METHODS A retrospective study of 69 patients was analyzed. Twenty-four patients (35%) underwent pulmonary metastasectomy, and the remaining 45 patients (65%) were treated with chemotherapy or best supportive care. RESULTS The 1-year overall survival (OS) of 69 patients was 28%. Pulmonary metastasectomy (p = .01) and histology (p < .001) had a significant impact on the prognosis. One-year OS of patients who underwent metastasectomy and those who did not was 90% and 35%, respectively. In the metastasectomy group, recurrence of primary ahead of lung metastasis (p = .006) and disease-free interval (DFI; ≤21.4 months; p = .046) were significant negative prognostic factors. CONCLUSION Pulmonary metastasectomy has an impact on survival in carefully selected patients, especially for those with a long DFI and with no recurrence of primary cancer ahead of lung metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Miyazaki
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
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40
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Markopoulos AK. Current aspects on oral squamous cell carcinoma. Open Dent J 2012; 6:126-30. [PMID: 22930665 PMCID: PMC3428647 DOI: 10.2174/1874210601206010126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2012] [Revised: 07/01/2011] [Accepted: 07/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma is the most common malignant epithelial neoplasm affecting the oral cavity.
This article overviews the essential points of oral squamous cell carcinoma, highlighting its risk and genomic factors, the
potential malignant disorders and the therapeutic approaches. It also emphasizes the importance of the early diagnosis.
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41
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Danesi CC, Dihl RR, Bellagamba BC, de Andrade HHR, Cunha KS, Guimarães NN, Lehmann M. Genotoxicity testing of combined treatment with cisplatin, bleomycin, and 5-fluorouracil in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster. Mutat Res 2012; 747:228-33. [PMID: 22640881 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2012.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Revised: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The simultaneous treatment with the cross-linking agent cisplatin, the radiomimetic antitumoral drug bleomycin, and the anti-metabolite drug 5-fluorouracil has been used as a regimen to treat patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Considering that these drugs interact directly with DNA, one of the important late-occurring complications from treatment of primary malignancies is the therapy-related secondary cancers as a result of the genotoxic activity of the drugs on normal cells. In this sense, the genotoxicity of this combination was evaluated using the wing somatic mutation and recombination test in Drosophila melanogaster. The mutant spots observed in marker-heterozygous and balancer-heterozygous flies were compared in order to quantitatively and qualitatively estimate the genotoxic effect of these drugs. Cisplatin (0.003 and 0.006mM), bleomycin (0.005 and 0.01mM), and both combinations preferentially induced recombinational events, while mutation is the major event regarding the genetic toxicity of 5-fluorouracil (0.025 and 0.05mM). The combination of these drugs produced synergistic and antagonistic genotoxic effects, depending on the concentrations used, which could impose a higher risk of secondary effects associated with their genotoxic effects, emphasizing the importance of long-term monitoring in patients being treated with these drugs.
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Tuttle S, Hertan L, Daurio N, Porter S, Kaushick C, Li D, Myamoto S, Lin A, O'Malley BW, Koumenis C. The chemopreventive and clinically used agent curcumin sensitizes HPV (-) but not HPV (+) HNSCC to ionizing radiation, in vitro and in a mouse orthotopic model. Cancer Biol Ther 2012; 13:575-84. [PMID: 22441776 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.19772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy (RT) plays a critical role in the local-regional control of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, the efficacy of RT in treating HNSCC is limited by severe normal tissue toxicity, predominantly mucositis. One pharmacological approach for increasing the clinical response to RT is the use of radiation response modifiers that preferentially sensitize tumor cells. Previously we demonstrated that curcumin, a natural plant polyphenol, increased the radiation sensitivity of HNSCC cells and that the observed sensitization was dependent on curcumin-mediated inhibition of thioredoxin reductase 1 (TxnRd1) a key cytosolic regulator of redox-dependent signaling. Here, we examined curcumin-induced radiation sensitization in HNSCC cell lines with differing HPV status and expressing different levels of TxnRd1, in vitro. The intrinsic radiation resistance of the HPV (-) cell lines was significantly higher than the HPV (+) cell lines used in our study. Notably, all of the HPV (-) cell lines expressed high levels of TxnRd1 and exhibited higher intrinsic resistance to RT. While curcumin was effective at increasing the radiation response of the resistant HPV (-) cell lines it had no effect on the HPV (+) cells. Based on these findings we employed an orthotopic, HPV (-) HNSCC tumor model in athymic nude mice to examine the effect of combining curcumin with fractionated RT, in vivo. The combination of curcumin feeding and fractionated RT had a significant effect on tumor doubling time and overall animal survival. We therefore propose that curcumin and RT should be considered as a first line treatment of HPV (-) HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Tuttle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Jerjes W, Hamdoon Z, Hopper C. Photodynamic therapy in the management of potentially malignant and malignant oral disorders. HEAD & NECK ONCOLOGY 2012; 4:16. [PMID: 22546491 PMCID: PMC3629701 DOI: 10.1186/1758-3284-4-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 04/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally-invasive surgical tool successfully targeting premalignant and malignant disorders in the head and neck, gastrointestinal tract, lungs and skin with greatly reduced morbidity and disfigurement. The technique is simple, can commonly be carried out in outpatient clinics, and is highly acceptable to patients. The role of photodynamic therapy in the management of oral potentially malignant disorders and early oral cancer is being discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Jerjes
- Department of Surgery, Dijla University College, Baghdad, Iraq.
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Jerjes W, Upile T, Radhi H, Petrie A, Abiola J, Adams A, Callear J, Kafas P, Abbas S, Rajaram K, Hopper C. cTNM vs. pTNM: the effect of not applying ultrasonography in the identification of cervical nodal disease. HEAD & NECK ONCOLOGY 2012; 4:5. [PMID: 22410339 PMCID: PMC3351374 DOI: 10.1186/1758-3284-4-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Accurate clinical staging of oral squamous cell cancer can be quite difficult to achieve especially if nodal involvement is identified. Radiologically-assisted clinical staging is more accurate and informs the clinician of loco-regional and distant metastasis.In this study, we compared clinical TNM (cTNM) staging (not including ultrasonography) to pathological TNM (pTNM) staging in 245 patients presenting with carcinoma of the oral cavity and the oro-pharyngeal region. Tumour size differences and nodal involvement were highlighted. US reports of the neck were then added to the clinical staging and results compared.Tumour size was clinically underestimated in 4 T1, 2 T2 and 2 T3 oral diseases. Also 20 patients that were reported as nodal disease free had histological proven N1 or N2 nodal involvement; while 3 patients with cTNM showing N1 disease had histologically proven N2 disease.Overall the agreement between the 2 systems per 1 site was 86.6% (Kappa agreement = 0.80), per 2 sites 90.0% (Kappa agreement = 0.68) and per 3 sites 90.5% (Kappa agreement 0.62).An accurate clinical staging is of an utmost importance. It is the corner stone in which the surgical team build the surgical treatment plan and decide whether an adjuvant therapy is required to deal with any possible problem that might arise. The failure to achieve an accurate staging may lead to incomplete surgical planning and hence unforeseen problems that may adversely affect the patient's survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Jerjes
- UCL Department of Surgery, University College London, London, UK.
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Jerjes W, Upile T, Hamdoon Z, Alexander Mosse C, Morcos M, Hopper C. Photodynamic therapy outcome for T1/T2 N0 oral squamous cell carcinoma. Lasers Surg Med 2012; 43:463-9. [PMID: 21761416 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.21071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This new prospective clinical study assessed the oncological outcomes following surface illumination mTHPC-photodynamic therapy of T1/T2 N0 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients. MATERIAL/METHODS Thirty-eight patients participated in this study. Their mean age at the first diagnosis of OSCC was 58.0 years. Common clinical presentation was an ulcer mainly identified in the tongue, floor of mouth (FOM), or buccal mucosa. Current and ex-smokers represented 89.5% of the cohort; while current and ex-drinkers were 86.8%. Clinically nine patients had T1 disease while 29 had T2 disease. RESULTS Pathological analysis revealed that 12 patients had well differentiated SCC, 16 moderately differentiated and 10 had poorly-differentiated cancer. All patients were discussed in a multidisciplinary meeting and, subsequently, underwent mTHPC-PDT. PDT was repeated in 6- to 7-month period following the first round when residual tumor was identified in the treated site. At last clinic review post-PDT, 26/38 patients showed complete normal clinical appearance of their oral mucosa in the primary tumor site. Recent surgical biopsies from the study cohort showed that 17 had normal mucosa, five with hyperkeratinization, 10 with dysplastic changes and six showed recurrent SCC. The overall recurrence was 15.8% and the 5-year survival was 84.2%. Death from loco-regional and distant disease spread was identified in three patients. The recurrence group comprised six patients. Most common presentation was an ulcer involving the buccal mucosa or retromolar area, identified in current or ex-smokers and current drinkers. The surgical margins in this group were also evaluated following laser or surgical excision and reconstruction. CONCLUSIONS mTHPC-photodynamic therapy (up to three rounds) is a comparable modality to other traditional interventions in the management of low-risk tumors of the oral cavity. Although, sometimes, multiple rounds of the treatment is required, morbidity following PDT is far less when compared to the three conventional modalities: surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy.
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Deng H, Sambrook PJ, Logan RM. The treatment of oral cancer: an overview for dental professionals. Aust Dent J 2012; 56:244-52, 341. [PMID: 21884138 DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2011.01349.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Oral cancer is a serious life-threatening disease. Dental professionals may be the first individuals to identify/suspect these lesions before referring to oral and maxillofacial surgeons and oral medicine specialists. Because the general dentist will likely follow on with the patient's future oral health, it is important that he or she has a basic understanding of the various treatments involved in treating oral malignancies and their respective outcomes. The four main modalities discussed in this review include surgery alone, radiotherapy alone, surgery with radiotherapy, and chemotherapy with or without surgery and radiotherapy. Chemotherapy has become an area of great interest with the introduction of new 'targeted therapies' demonstrating promising results in conjunction with surgery. Despite these results, the toxicities associated with chemotherapy regimens are frequent and can be severe, and therefore may not be suitable for all patients. Treatment modalities have improved significantly over the decades with overall decreases in recurrence rates, improved disease-free and overall survival, and an improved quality of life. Prognosis, however, is still ultimately dependent on the clinical stage of the tumour at the initial diagnosis with respect to size, depth, extent, and metastasis as recurrence rates and survival rates plummet with disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Deng
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Adelaide, South Australia
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Chen B, Chen J, House MG, Cullen KJ, Nephew KP, Guo Z. Role of neurofilament light polypeptide in head and neck cancer chemoresistance. Mol Cancer Res 2012; 10:305-15. [PMID: 22246235 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-11-0300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to cisplatin-based chemotherapy is responsible for therapeutic failure of many common human cancers including cancer of head and neck (HNC). Mechanisms underlying cisplatin resistance remain unclear. In this study, we identified neurofilament light polypeptide (NEFL) as a novel hypermethylated gene associated with resistance to cisplatin-based chemotherapy in HNC. Analysis of 14 HNC cell lines revealed that downregulation of NEFL expression significantly correlated with increased resistance to cisplatin. Hypermethylation of NEFL promoter CpG islands was observed in cell lines as examined by bisulfite DNA sequencing and methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and tightly correlated with reduced NEFL mRNA and protein expression. Furthermore, in patient samples with HNC (n = 51) analyzed by quantitative MSP, NEFL promoter hypermethylation was associated with resistance to cisplatin-based chemotherapy [relative risk (RR), 3.045; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.459-6.355; P = 0.007] and predicted diminished overall and disease-free survival for patients treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Knockdown of NEFL by siRNA in the highly cisplatin-sensitive cell line PCI13 increased (P < 0.01) resistance to cisplatin. In cisplatin-resistant O11 and SCC25cp cells, restored expression of NEFL significantly increased sensitivity to the drug. Furthermore, NEFL physically associated with tuberous sclerosis complex 1 (TSC1), a known inhibitor of the mTOR pathway, and NEFL downregulation led to functional activation of mTOR pathway and consequentially conferred cisplatin resistance. This is the first study to show a role for NEFL in HNC chemoresistance. Our findings suggest that NEFL methylation is a novel mechanism for HNC chemoresistance and may represent a candidate biomarker predictive of chemotherapeutic response and survival in patients with HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baishen Chen
- Medical Sciences Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Jordan Hall 104, 1001 E. Third St., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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Lin JT, Lai GM, Chang TH, Liu MT, Bi CP, Wang JW, Chen MK. Chemotherapy with modified docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil in patients with metastatic head and neck cancer. Adv Ther 2012; 29:71-7. [PMID: 22161550 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-011-0085-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This retrospective study evaluates the efficacy of palliative chemotherapy with a modified docetaxel, cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU; "TPF" regimen) regimen (mTPF; reduced doses of docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-FU with reduction of intravenous 5-FU from 4 days to 2 days) in Asian patients with recurrent and metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (HNSCC) after surgery and adjuvant chemoradiation. METHODS The mTPF regimen was used in this study. Fifty-five patients (from January 2007 to October 2009) received docetaxel on day 1, followed by cisplatin and 5-FU administered continuous infusion on day 2 for another 48 hours every 3 weeks for three to six cycles. RESULTS The disease control rate was 81%. The overall response rate was 56%. Five patients achieved complete remission; 26 patients had partial remission; 14 patients had stable disease. Ten patients had disease progression. The metastatic sites that responded well to mTPF regimen (either complete or partial remission) were: neck lymph node, lung, liver, and skin. The median follow-up was 15 months (range 1-28 months). The median overall survival was 10 months (range 2-28 months). The common nonhematological toxicity was alopecia and the most common hematological adverse event was neutropenia. Thirty-one patients (56%) had grade 3-4 neutropenia. CONCLUSION The mTPF chemotherapy regimen is efficacious for the palliative treatment of recurrent and metastatic HNSCC in Asian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Tsun Lin
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, ChangHua Christian Hospital, Taiwan
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PD28. Induction chemotherapy (ICT) and sequential therapy (ST) in locoregionally advanced head and neck cancer. Oral Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2011.06.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Arnold SM, Moon J, Williamson SK, Atkins JN, Ou SHI, LeBlanc M, Urba SG. Phase II evaluation of eribulin mesylate (E7389, NSC 707389) in patients with metastatic or recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: Southwest Oncology Group trial S0618. Invest New Drugs 2011; 29:352-9. [PMID: 19937365 PMCID: PMC2892241 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-009-9348-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2009] [Accepted: 10/26/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Eribulin mesylate, an halichondrin B analog, binds to tubulin and microtubules and possesses broad anti-cancer activity. We conducted a multi-institutional Phase II trial to evaluate the response rate of eribulin mesylate in patients with metastatic or recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Forty eligible patients who had not received prior chemotherapy for metastatic or recurrent SCCHN were enrolled with the following characteristics: 29 male, 11 female; median age 61.2 years; Zubrod Performance Status of 0 (48%) and 1 (53%). Thirty-three patients (83%) had metastatic disease. Primary tumor sites included: 38% oropharynx, 30% lip/oral cavity, 15% larynx, 10% hypopharynx, 5% other/unknown and 3% nasopharynx. Patients received eribulin mesylate at 1.4 mg/m² on Days 1 and 8 of an every 21-day cycle. RESULTS Common Grade 3 and 4 toxicities included: lymphopenia (15%), leukocytopenia (13%), neutropenia (10%), hyponatremia (5%), fatigue (5%), diarrhea (5%) and dyspnea (5%), with one treatment-related death due to pulmonary hemorrhage. Among 40 assessable patients, two confirmed partial responses were observed, for an estimated confirmed response rate of 5% (95% confidence interval: 1-17%). The estimated median progression-free survival is 3 months (95% confidence interval: 1-3 months) and estimated median overall survival is 7 months (95% confidence interval: 5-10 months). CONCLUSIONS Eribulin mesylate given on Days 1 and 8 of a twenty-one day cycle in metastatic or recurrent SCCHN was well tolerated, but did not result in a clinically significant median PFS. Studies of other agents should be considered in this setting.
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