1
|
Yüksel Ö, Gümrükçü G, Tokuç E, Bilen O, Verim L. Characteristics of renal oncocytomas and clinical novelties: Single center experience of 17 years. Urologia 2022:3915603221139574. [DOI: 10.1177/03915603221139574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To assess the characteristics of renal oncocytomas and the clinical outcomes of patients in the last 17 years in our institution. Methodology: The medical records of the patients who underwent partial and radical nephrectomy from May 2004 to December 2021 were evaluated retrospectively. Radiology and pathology results were evaluated. Patients diagnosed with oncocytoma after surgery were included in the study. Results: Out of 791 patients who were operated for renal masses, 55 patients with the diagnosis of oncocytoma were included in the study, 17 of them were female. The mean age of the patients was 64.77 ± 10.58 years. Open and laparoscopic methods were applied to patients. Partial nephrectomy was performed in 25 patients (46.2%). It was observed that none of the patients with a mean follow-up of 76 months developed recurrence or death due to oncocytoma. Conclusion: Oncocytoma is a benign and rare tumor of the kidney which distinguishing it from malign tumors preoperatively with recent techniques is impossible. Especially in small sized tumors, considering the possibility of oncocytoma, nephron sparing surgery should be preferred in terms of patients’ benefit. Further research is needed for the novel imaging techniques and biomarkers proposed to be used in routine use to distinguish oncocytoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Yüksel
- Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Emre Tokuç
- Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Osman Bilen
- Van Training and Research Hospital, Van, Turkey
| | - Levent Verim
- Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sari ZB, Açikalin MF, Arik D, Özen A, Can C, Çolak E. The Role of CK7, S100A1, and CD82 (KAI1) Expression in the Differential Diagnosis of Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma and Renal Oncocytoma. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2021; 29:534-540. [PMID: 33605572 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Renal oncocytoma is a benign renal tumor originated from intercalated cells of collecting ducts like chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The differential diagnosis of these 2 tumors is important because while they are histologically and cytologically similar, they show different biological behavior. For the differential diagnosis, several immunohistochemical markers have been investigated. But, differential diagnostic challenges remain and the identification of additional markers is needed. Cytokeratin 7 (CK7) is one of ductal-type keratins, which is expressed in tumors of breast, pancreas, lung, thyroid, ovary, endometrium, urinary bladder, and the kidney. S100A1 is the first defined member of the calcium-binding S100 protein family and it organizes several cellular functions including cell cycle progression and cell differentiation.CD82 is a tetraspanin membrane protein, which functions as a metastasis supressor. In this study, we immunohistochemically investigated the expressions of CK7, S100A1, and CD82 in 30 chromophobe RCC (23 classic and 7 eosinophilic variant) and 19 oncocytomas. When these markers were evaluated separately and together, their expressions in chromophobe RCC and renal oncocytoma show statistically significant difference (P<0.001). Similar statistically significant results were also seen between eosinophilic chromophobe RCC and oncocytoma (P<0.001). For both classic and eosinophilic-variant chromophobe RCCs, CK7+/S100A1-/CD82+ profile being the most common. In oncocytomas, the most frequently observed profile was CK7-/S100A1+/CD82-. Our results showed that the application of a panel consisting of CK7, S100A1, and CD82 may provide accurate categorization of the tumors in difficult cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeliha B Sari
- Department of Pathology; University of Health Sciences, Eskisehir City Hospital
| | | | | | | | | | - Ertuğrul Çolak
- Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Morais C, Rajandram R, Blakeney JS, Iyer A, Suen JY, Johnson DW, Gobe GC, Fairlie DP, Vesey DA. Expression of protease activated receptor-2 is reduced in renal cell carcinoma biopsies and cell lines. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248983. [PMID: 33765016 PMCID: PMC7993771 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Expression of the protease sensing receptor, protease activated receptor-2 (PAR2), is elevated in a variety of cancers and has been promoted as a potential therapeutic target. With the development of potent antagonists for this receptor, we hypothesised that they could be used to treat renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The expression of PAR2 was, therefore, examined in human RCC tissues and selected RCC cell lines. Histologically confirmed cases of RCC, together with paired non-involved kidney tissue, were used to produce a tissue microarray (TMA) and to extract total tissue RNA. Immunohistochemistry and qPCR were then used to assess PAR2 expression. In culture, RCC cell lines versus primary human kidney tubular epithelial cells (HTEC) were used to assess PAR2 expression by qPCR, immunocytochemistry and an intracellular calcium mobilization assay. The TMA revealed an 85% decrease in PAR2 expression in tumour tissue compared with normal kidney tissue. Likewise, qPCR showed a striking reduction in PAR2 mRNA in RCC compared with normal kidney. All RCC cell lines showed lower levels of PAR2 expression than HTEC. In conclusion, we found that PAR2 was reduced in RCC compared with normal kidney and is unlikely to be a target of interest in the treatment of this type of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christudas Morais
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Urology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Retnagowri Rajandram
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia
| | - Jade S. Blakeney
- Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Abishek Iyer
- Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jacky Y. Suen
- Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David W. Johnson
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Nephrology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Glenda C. Gobe
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - David P. Fairlie
- Centre for Inflammation and Disease Research, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David A. Vesey
- Centre for Kidney Disease Research, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Nephrology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
An J, Park CK, Kim M, Joo JW, Cho NH. HNF-1β as an immunohistochemical marker for distinguishing chromophobe renal cell carcinoma and hybrid oncocytic tumors from renal oncocytoma. Virchows Arch 2020; 478:459-470. [PMID: 32816058 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-020-02912-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The histologic features of renal oncocytoma (RO) are similar to those for the more aggressive chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC). To assess immunohistochemical markers of the two, the sensitivity and specificity of cytokeratin 7 (CK7) and C-kit, as well as hepatocyte nuclear factor-1β (HNF-1β), were analyzed. Typical cases of ChRCC and RO at Severance Hospital between July 2014 and July 2018 were selected retrospectively. Among 44 cases, 17 were unanimously compatible with ChRCC, 16 were RO, and 11 cases were indeterminate. Samples from all selected cases were used for immunostaining with antibodies against CK7, C-kit, HNF-1β, and CD10. Immunostaining demonstrated complete loss of HNF-1β expression in 11 out of 17 (64.7%) ChRCC cases and a partial, but significant loss in > 50% of tumor cells in the remaining 6 cases (35.3%). In contrast, HNF-1β expression was preserved in tumor cells of RO cases. Fourteen of 17 ChRCC cases (82.4%) were diffusely positive for CK7, whereas cases of RO were focal positive or negative. C-kit staining did not show a significant difference between ChRCC and RO. Two of five ChRCC cases showing diffuse immunoreactivity for CD10 had poor prognoses of local invasion, distant metastasis, or death. Loss of HNF-1β expression is a useful marker with which to diagnose ChRCC, especially in cases with confusing histologic findings or equivocal CK7 staining. Additionally, CD10 staining in high-grade ChRCC aids in diagnosis and prediction of the clinical prognosis.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adenoma, Oxyphilic/chemistry
- Adenoma, Oxyphilic/mortality
- Adenoma, Oxyphilic/pathology
- Adenoma, Oxyphilic/therapy
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/chemistry
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/mortality
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/therapy
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Down-Regulation
- Female
- Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-beta/analysis
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Keratin-7/analysis
- Kidney Neoplasms/chemistry
- Kidney Neoplasms/mortality
- Kidney Neoplasms/pathology
- Kidney Neoplasms/therapy
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Predictive Value of Tests
- Prognosis
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/analysis
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeon An
- Department of Pathology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Keun Park
- Department of Pathology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Moonsik Kim
- Department of Pathology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Joo
- Department of Pathology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Hoon Cho
- Department of Pathology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
A Study on the Immunohistochemical Expressions of Leptin and Leptin Receptor in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:3682086. [PMID: 32802842 PMCID: PMC7424391 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3682086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background The mechanisms that link obesity and cancer development are not well-defined. Investigation of leptin and leptin receptor expressions may help define some of the mechanisms. These proteins are known for associating with the immune response, angiogenesis and, signalling pathways such as JAK2/STAT3, PI3K, and AKT pathways. Tissue proteins can be easily detected with immunohistochemistry (IHC), a technique widely used both in diagnostic and research laboratories. The identification of altered levels of leptin and leptin receptor proteins in tumour tissues may lead to targeted treatment for cancer. Objective The objective of this study was to use IHC to compare leptin and leptin receptor expressions in clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC) in non-obese and obese patients to determine the association between these proteins with the clinicopathological features and prognosis of ccRCC. Patients and Methods. The study involved 60 patients who underwent nephrectomy of which 34 were obese, as assessed using body mass index (BMI). Nephrectomy samples provided tissues of ccRCC and adjacent non-cancerous kidney. The intensity and localization of leptin and leptin receptor protein expressions were evaluated using IHC and correlated with clinicopathological features and clinical outcomes. Aperio ImageScope morphometry and digital pathology were applied to assess the IHC results. The chi-square test was used to determine if there was any significant association between the proteins and the clinicopathological features. The Kaplan-Meier test was used to determine the overall survival, disease-free survival, and recurrence-free survival. A value of p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results There was neither significant difference in the overall cellular and nuclear expressions of leptin and leptin receptor between non-cancerous kidney and ccRCC tissues nor in non-obese and obese individuals with ccRCC. Conclusion In this present study, it was revealed that leptin and leptin receptor were not associated with tumour characteristics and progression of ccRCC patients. Interestingly, nuclear expression of leptin was significantly associated with overall survival. However, the significance of these proteins as biomarkers in other RCC histotypes is still unclear.
Collapse
|
6
|
Vuletic M, Jancic S, Milenkovic S, Paunovic M, Milicic B, Jancic N, Perunicic B, Slovic Z. Clinical - pathological significance of leptin receptor (LEPR) expression in squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:153111. [PMID: 32825970 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adipokine leptin functions through its transmembrane receptors (LEPR). In many malignant tumors it stimulates the growth, migration and invasion of malignant cells. The aim of our work is to examine the effect of LEPR expression on the clinical-morphological properties of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (cSCC). The biopsy material obtained by excision of squamous cell skin cancer was used. The test group consisted of excision biopsies of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (n = 62), and the control group (n = 62) consisted of excision biopsies of non-tumor tissue of the skin (from the tumor environment) from an operative preparation delivered to the Pathohistology Department. After routine processing and paraffin molding, histochemical Hematoxylin-Eosin and immunohistochemical ABC method with anti LEPR and Ki67 antibodies were applied at 4 μm sections. The statistical software package SPSS for Windows (26.0) was used to analyze obtained results. Intracytoplasmic and intramembranous LEPR expression was found in 100 % of examined cSCCs. LEPR expression was statistically significantly associated with proliferation index and histologic grade of tumors. Pronounced LEPR expression was associated with a high proliferation index in 66.7 % of cases and with poorly differentiated cSCC in 94.4 %. Multivariate regression analysis showed that cSCCs with pronounced LEPR expression were seven times more often poorly differentiated than tumors with moderate or LEPR expression in trace. Our results indicate that LEPR expression is a predictor of the malignant potential of cSCC, so that based on LEPR expression, it is possible to identify an aggressive cSCC phenotype, which provides the possibility of individualizing anti-tumor treatment using LEPR antagonists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milena Vuletic
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology, Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Snezana Jancic
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathology, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Sanja Milenkovic
- Clinical Pathology Department, Clinical and Hospital Center Zemun, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marinko Paunovic
- Clinical Center of Montenegro, Clinic of Surgery, Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Biljana Milicic
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nina Jancic
- Clinical Center Nis, Clinic for Nephrology, Nis, Serbia
| | - Biljana Perunicic
- General Hospital of Cacak, Department for Pathological, Pathohistological and Cytological Diagnostics, Cacak, Serbia
| | - Zivana Slovic
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Forensic Medicine, Kragujevac, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rajandram R, Perumal K, Yap NY. Prognostic biomarkers in renal cell carcinoma: is there a relationship with obesity? Transl Androl Urol 2019; 8:S138-S146. [PMID: 31236331 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2018.11.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a recognized risk factor for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) the commonest form of kidney cancer. Both obesity and RCC are serious diseases with increasing incidence yearly. This review examined certain obesity associated measurements and adipokines as detection/prognostic indicators for RCC. The obesity related measurements such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumstance (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR) in predicting RCC are valid when used in conjunction with other risk factors such as age and sex or with histological findings. The adipokine adiponectin holds promising outcomes as a predictive marker in assessing the risk of developing RCC. In addition, tissue leptin/leptin receptor may be a distinguishing marker for RCC subtypes. However, circulating leptin may not be a suitable detection or prognostic biomarker for RCC. The other less investigated adipokines; omentin, visfatin, apelin and resistin are also expressed in RCC but their prognostic capabilities are still inconclusive. BMI, WC and adipokines may be useful additions in a nomogram which includes TNM staging and pathological grading system to detect, confirm and follow-up RCC cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Retnagowri Rajandram
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Komathi Perumal
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ning Yi Yap
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|