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Zhang HY, Zhu JJ, Liu ZM, Zhang YX, Chen JJ, Chen KD. A prognostic four-gene signature and a therapeutic strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma: Construction and analysis of a circRNA-mediated competing endogenous RNA network. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2024; 23:272-287. [PMID: 37407412 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2023.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a poor long-term prognosis. The competition of circular RNAs (circRNAs) with endogenous RNA is a novel tool for predicting HCC prognosis. Based on the alterations of circRNA regulatory networks, the analysis of gene modules related to HCC is feasible. METHODS Multiple expression datasets and RNA element targeting prediction tools were used to construct a circRNA-microRNA-mRNA network in HCC. Gene function, pathway, and protein interaction analyses were performed for the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in this regulatory network. In the protein-protein interaction network, hub genes were identified and subjected to regression analysis, producing an optimized four-gene signature for prognostic risk stratification in HCC patients. Anti-HCC drugs were excavated by assessing the DEGs between the low- and high-risk groups. A circRNA-microRNA-hub gene subnetwork was constructed, in which three hallmark genes, KIF4A, CCNA2, and PBK, were subjected to functional enrichment analysis. RESULTS A four-gene signature (KIF4A, CCNA2, PBK, and ZWINT) that effectively estimated the overall survival and aided in prognostic risk assessment in the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) cohort was developed. CDK inhibitors, PI3K inhibitors, HDAC inhibitors, and EGFR inhibitors were predicted as four potential mechanisms of drug action (MOA) in high-risk HCC patients. Subsequent analysis has revealed that PBK, CCNA2, and KIF4A play a crucial role in regulating the tumor microenvironment by promoting immune cell invasion, regulating microsatellite instability (MSI), and exerting an impact on HCC progression. CONCLUSIONS The present study highlights the role of the circRNA-related regulatory network, identifies a four-gene prognostic signature and biomarkers, and further identifies novel therapy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yan Zhang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jia-Jie Zhu
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Zong-Ming Liu
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Zhang
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Jia-Jia Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Ke-Da Chen
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China.
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2
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Patil D, Raut S, Joshi M, Bhatt P, Bhatt LK. PAQR4 oncogene: a novel target for cancer therapy. Med Oncol 2024; 41:161. [PMID: 38767705 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02382-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Despite decades of basic and clinical research and trials of promising new therapies, cancer remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality due to the emergence of drug resistance to anticancer drugs. These resistance events have a very well-understood underlying mechanism, and their therapeutic relevance has long been recognized. Thus, drug resistance continues to be a major obstacle to providing cancer patients with the intended "cure". PAQR4 (Progestin and AdipoQ Receptor Family Member 4) gene is a recently identified novel protein-coding gene associated with various human cancers and acts through different signaling pathways. PAQR4 has a significant influence on multiple proteins that may regulate various gene expressions and may develop chemoresistance. This review discusses the roles of PAQR4 in tumor immunity, carcinogenesis, and chemoresistance. This paper is the first review, discussing PAQR4 in the pathogenesis of cancer. The review further explores the PAQR4 as a potential target in various malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipti Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Swapnil Raut
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Mitesh Joshi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed-to-be University), Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, India
| | - Purvi Bhatt
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed-to-be University), Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, India
| | - Lokesh Kumar Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, 400056, India.
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Bai Y, Li L, Li J, Lu X. Association analysis of FXYD5 with prognosis and immunological characteristics across pan-cancer. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30727. [PMID: 38774095 PMCID: PMC11107115 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The FXYD domain-containing ion transport regulator 5 (FXYD5) gene is a cancer promoter. However, evidence for an association between FXYD5 and various types of cancer is still lacking. Using multi-omics bioinformatics, our study aimed to reveal the expression distribution, prognostic value, immune infiltration correlation, and molecular functions of FXYD5. Methods Using pan-cancer multi-omics data (including The Cancer Genome Atlas, PrognoScan, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, cBioPortal, Gene Expression Omnibus, TIMER and scTIME Portal), we assessed the differences in the expression and prognostic value of FXYD5 in malignant tumors. Furthermore, at the single-cell level, we analyze the expression distribution of FXYD5 across different cell types within the tumor microenvironment, and its relationship with the immune microenvironment. Finally, focusing on ovarian cancer, we conducted preliminary validation of the above findings using cell and molecular biology techniques. Results Our results indicated that FXYD5 was up-regulated in various tumor types and was positively associated with tumor progression. We also revealed that FXYD5 was ubiquitously expressed in microenvironmental cells at the single-cell level, and its upregulation was associated with enhanced immune infiltration, cancer-associated fibroblast infiltration, and dysfunction of tumor-infiltrating cytotoxic T lymphocyte. Additionally, its expression was positively correlated with immune checkpoint genes, DNA mismatch repair genes, MSI (microsatellite instability) and TMB (tumor mutational burden) across various cancers. Its higher expression in cytotoxic T lymphocytes attenuated its ability to predict patient survival with PD-L1 (programmed death-ligand 1) blockade therapy, and FXYD5 was found to be a potential regulator of tumor immune escape and resistance to cancer immunotherapies. Based on GSEA (gene set enrichment analysis) and experimental verification, FXYD5 activated TGF-β/SMAD signaling and drove EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) to promote ovarian cancer progression. Conclusion In summary, our study revealed that FXYD5-TGFβ axis may coregulate the interaction between tumors, CAFs (carcinoma-associated fibroblasts) and immune cells to reshape the tumor immune microenvironment and promote tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Thus, FXYD5 could be used as an immune-related biomarker for diagnosing and predicting the prognosis of multiple cancer types. Therefore, our findings suggest that targeting FXYD5 in TME (tumor microenvironment) may be a promising therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bai
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Liangdong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jun Li
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Xin Lu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China
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Han X, Leng C, Zhao S, Wang S, Chen S, Wang S, Zhang M, Li X, Lu Y, Wang B, Qi W. Development and verification of a manganese metabolism- and immune-related genes signature for prediction of prognosis and immune landscape in gastric cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1377472. [PMID: 38807601 PMCID: PMC11131102 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1377472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) poses a global health challenge due to its widespread prevalence and unfavorable prognosis. Although immunotherapy has shown promise in clinical settings, its efficacy remains limited to a minority of GC patients. Manganese, recognized for its role in the body's anti-tumor immune response, has the potential to enhance the effectiveness of tumor treatment when combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Methods Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases was utilized to obtain transcriptome information and clinical data for GC. Unsupervised clustering was employed to stratify samples into distinct subtypes. Manganese metabolism- and immune-related genes (MIRGs) were identified in GC by univariate Cox regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis. We conducted gene set variation analysis, and assessed the immune landscape, drug sensitivity, immunotherapy efficacy, and somatic mutations. The underlying role of NPR3 in GC was further analyzed in the single-cell RNA sequencing data and cellular experiments. Results GC patients were classified into four subtypes characterized by significantly different prognoses and tumor microenvironments. Thirteen genes were identified and established as MIRGs, demonstrating exceptional predictive effectiveness in GC patients. Distinct enrichment patterns of molecular functions and pathways were observed among various risk subgroups. Immune infiltration analysis revealed a significantly greater abundance of macrophages and monocytes in the high-risk group. Drug sensitivity analysis identified effective drugs for patients, while patients in the low-risk group could potentially benefit from immunotherapy. NPR3 expression was significantly downregulated in GC tissues. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis indicated that the expression of NPR3 was distributed in endothelial cells. Cellular experiments demonstrated that NPR3 facilitated the proliferation of GC cells. Conclusion This is the first study to utilize manganese metabolism- and immune-related genes to identify the prognostic MIRGs for GC. The MIRGs not only reliably predicted the clinical outcome of GC patients but also hold the potential to guide future immunotherapy interventions for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Han
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuanyu Leng
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shufen Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shasha Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuming Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shibo Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengqi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiangxue Li
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yangyang Lu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Biomedical Centre, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Weiwei Qi
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Ma Y, Wang T, Zhang X, Wang P, Long F. The role of circular RNAs in regulating resistance to cancer immunotherapy: mechanisms and implications. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:312. [PMID: 38697964 PMCID: PMC11066075 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06698-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has rapidly transformed cancer treatment, yet resistance remains a significant hurdle, limiting its efficacy in many patients. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel class of non-coding RNAs, have emerged as pivotal regulators of gene expression and cellular processes. Increasing evidence indicates their involvement in modulating resistance to cancer immunotherapy. Notably, certain circRNAs function as miRNA sponges or interact with proteins, influencing the expression of immune-related genes, including crucial immune checkpoint molecules. This, in turn, shapes the tumor microenvironment and significantly impacts the response to immunotherapy. In this comprehensive review, we explore the evolving role of circRNAs in orchestrating resistance to cancer immunotherapy, with a specific focus on their mechanisms in influencing immune checkpoint gene expression. Additionally, we underscore the potential of circRNAs as promising therapeutic targets to augment the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy. Understanding the role of circRNAs in cancer immunotherapy resistance could contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies to overcome resistance and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ma
- Department of Clinical Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Clinical Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Pinghan Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610032, China
| | - Fangyi Long
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610032, China.
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Foo T, Roy A, Karapetis C, Townsend A, Price T. Metastatic colorectal cancer- third line therapy and beyond. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2024; 24:219-227. [PMID: 38526540 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2024.2334784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The outcome of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) has improved significantly in the last few decades. Metastatic colorectal cancer is a highly heterogenous cancer. Beyond second line chemotherapy, treatment decisions are often based on molecular testing. METHOD In this narrative review, we provide a comprehensive summary of data from key clinical trials and discuss how to integrate these agents into the current treatment landscape of metastatic colorectal cancer. EXPERT OPINION In the era of precision medicine, molecular testing plays an increasingly important role in the management of mCRC. Efforts need to be made to target treatment based on molecular test results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Foo
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and University of Adelaide, Woodville South, SA, Australia
| | - Amitesh Roy
- Department of Medical Oncology, FCIC and Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Christos Karapetis
- Department of Medical Oncology, FCIC and Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
| | - Amanda Townsend
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and University of Adelaide, Woodville South, SA, Australia
| | - Timothy Price
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and University of Adelaide, Woodville South, SA, Australia
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Slootbeek PHJ, Tolmeijer SH, Mehra N, Schalken JA. Therapeutic biomarkers in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: does the state matter? Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2024; 61:178-204. [PMID: 37882463 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2023.2266482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) has been fundamentally transformed by our greater understanding of its complex biological mechanisms and its entrance into the era of precision oncology. A broad aim is to use the extreme heterogeneity of mCRPC by matching already approved or new targeted therapies to the correct tumor genotype. To achieve this, tumor DNA must be obtained, sequenced, and correctly interpreted, with individual aberrations explored for their druggability, taking into account the hierarchy of driving molecular pathways. Although tumor tissue sequencing is the gold standard, tumor tissue can be challenging to obtain, and a biopsy from one metastatic site or primary tumor may not provide an accurate representation of the current genetic underpinning. Sequencing of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) might catalyze precision oncology in mCRPC, as it enables real-time observation of genomic changes in tumors and allows for monitoring of treatment response and identification of resistance mechanisms. Moreover, ctDNA can be used to identify mutations that may not be detected in solitary metastatic lesions and can provide a more in-depth understanding of inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity. Finally, ctDNA abundance can serve as a prognostic biomarker in patients with mCRPC.The androgen receptor (AR)-axis is a well-established therapeutical target for prostate cancer, and through ctDNA sequencing, insights have been obtained in (temporal) resistance mechanisms that develop through castration resistance. New third-generation AR-axis inhibitors are being developed to overcome some of these resistance mechanisms. The druggability of defects in the DNA damage repair machinery has impacted the treatment landscape of mCRPC in recent years. For patients with deleterious gene aberrations in genes linked to homologous recombination, particularly BRCA1 or BRCA2, PARP inhibitors have shown efficacy compared to the standard of care armamentarium, but platinum-based chemotherapy may be equally effective. A hierarchy exists in genes associated with homologous recombination, where, besides the canonical genes in this pathway, not every other gene aberration predicts the same likelihood of response. Moreover, evidence is emerging on cross-resistance between therapies such as PARP inhibitors, platinum-based chemotherapy and even radioligand therapy that target this genotype. Mismatch repair-deficient patients can experience a beneficial response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Activation of other cellular signaling pathways such as PI3K, cell cycle, and MAPK have shown limited success with monotherapy, but there is potential in co-targeting these pathways with combination therapy, either already witnessed or anticipated. This review outlines precision medicine in mCRPC, zooming in on the role of ctDNA, to identify genomic biomarkers that may be used to tailor molecularly targeted therapies. The most common druggable pathways and outcomes of therapies matched to these pathways are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter H J Slootbeek
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherland
| | - Sofie H Tolmeijer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherland
| | - Niven Mehra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherland
| | - Jack A Schalken
- Department of Experimental Urology, Research Institute of Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Hijazi A, Bifulco C, Baldin P, Galon J. Digital Pathology for Better Clinical Practice. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1686. [PMID: 38730638 PMCID: PMC11083211 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Digital pathology (DP) is transforming the landscape of clinical practice, offering a revolutionary approach to traditional pathology analysis and diagnosis. (2) Methods: This innovative technology involves the digitization of traditional glass slides which enables pathologists to access, analyze, and share high-resolution whole-slide images (WSI) of tissue specimens in a digital format. By integrating cutting-edge imaging technology with advanced software, DP promises to enhance clinical practice in numerous ways. DP not only improves quality assurance and standardization but also allows remote collaboration among experts for a more accurate diagnosis. Artificial intelligence (AI) in pathology significantly improves cancer diagnosis, classification, and prognosis by automating various tasks. It also enhances the spatial analysis of tumor microenvironment (TME) and enables the discovery of new biomarkers, advancing their translation for therapeutic applications. (3) Results: The AI-driven immune assays, Immunoscore (IS) and Immunoscore-Immune Checkpoint (IS-IC), have emerged as powerful tools for improving cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment selection by assessing the tumor immune contexture in cancer patients. Digital IS quantitative assessment performed on hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and CD3+/CD8+ stained slides from colon cancer patients has proven to be more reproducible, concordant, and reliable than expert pathologists' evaluation of immune response. Outperforming traditional staging systems, IS demonstrated robust potential to enhance treatment efficiency in clinical practice, ultimately advancing cancer patient care. Certainly, addressing the challenges DP has encountered is essential to ensure its successful integration into clinical guidelines and its implementation into clinical use. (4) Conclusion: The ongoing progress in DP holds the potential to revolutionize pathology practices, emphasizing the need to incorporate powerful AI technologies, including IS, into clinical settings to enhance personalized cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assia Hijazi
- The French National Institute of Health & Medical Research (INSERM), Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, F-75006 Paris, France;
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, F-75006 Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Carlo Bifulco
- Providence Genomics, Portland, OR 02912, USA;
- Earle A Chiles Research Institute, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Pamela Baldin
- Department of Pathology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc, UCLouvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Jérôme Galon
- The French National Institute of Health & Medical Research (INSERM), Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, F-75006 Paris, France;
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, F-75006 Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, F-75006 Paris, France
- Veracyte, 13009 Marseille, France
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Emilius L, Bremm F, Binder AK, Schaft N, Dörrie J. Tumor Antigens beyond the Human Exome. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4673. [PMID: 38731892 PMCID: PMC11083240 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
With the advent of immunotherapeutics, a new era in the combat against cancer has begun. Particularly promising are neo-epitope-targeted therapies as the expression of neo-antigens is tumor-specific. In turn, this allows the selective targeting and killing of cancer cells whilst healthy cells remain largely unaffected. So far, many advances have been made in the development of treatment options which are tailored to the individual neo-epitope repertoire. The next big step is the achievement of efficacious "off-the-shelf" immunotherapies. For this, shared neo-epitopes propose an optimal target. Given the tremendous potential, a thorough understanding of the underlying mechanisms which lead to the formation of neo-antigens is of fundamental importance. Here, we review the various processes which result in the formation of neo-epitopes. Broadly, the origin of neo-epitopes can be categorized into three groups: canonical, noncanonical, and viral neo-epitopes. For the canonical neo-antigens that arise in direct consequence of somatic mutations, we summarize past and recent findings. Beyond that, our main focus is put on the discussion of noncanonical and viral neo-epitopes as we believe that targeting those provides an encouraging perspective to shape the future of cancer immunotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisabeth Emilius
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.E.); (F.B.); (A.K.B.); (J.D.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Franziska Bremm
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.E.); (F.B.); (A.K.B.); (J.D.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Amanda Katharina Binder
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.E.); (F.B.); (A.K.B.); (J.D.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Niels Schaft
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.E.); (F.B.); (A.K.B.); (J.D.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jan Dörrie
- Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (L.E.); (F.B.); (A.K.B.); (J.D.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen European Metropolitan Area of Nuremberg (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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Lu W, Yang Z, Wang M, Li S, Bi H, Yang X. Identification and verification of AK4 as a protective immune-related biomarker in adipose-derived stem cells and breast cancer. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27357. [PMID: 38560200 PMCID: PMC10980947 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BC) remains the most common cancer among women, and novel post-surgical reconstruction techniques, including autologous fat transplantation, have emerged. While Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are known to impact the viability of fat grafts, their influence on breast cancer progression remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the genetic interplay between ADSCs and breast cancer, focusing on potential therapeutic targets. Methods Using the GEO and TCGA databases, we pinpointed differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and pseudogenes of ADSCs and BC. We performed functional enrichment analysis and constructed protein-protein interaction (PPI), RNA binding protein (RBP)-pseudogene-mRNA, and lncRNA-miRNA-transcription factor (TF)-gene networks. Our study delved into the correlation of AK4 expression with 33 different malignancies and examined its impact on prognostic outcomes across a pan-cancer cohort. Additionally, we scrutinized immune infiltration, microsatellite instability, and tumor mutational burden, and conducted single-cell analysis to further understand the implications of AK4 expression. We identified novel sample subtypes based on hub genes using the ConsensusClusterPlus package and examined their association with immune infiltration. The random forest algorithm was used to screen DE mRNAs between subtypes to validate the powerful prognostic prediction ability of the artificial neural network. Results Our analysis identified 395 DE mRNAs, 3 DE miRNAs, 84 DE lncRNAs, and 26 DE pseudogenes associated with ADSCs and BC. Of these, 173 mRNAs were commonly regulated in both ADSCs and breast cancer, and 222 exhibited differential regulation. The PPI, RBP-pseudogene-mRNA, and lncRNA-miRNA-TF-gene networks suggested AK4 as a key regulator. Our findings support AK4 as a promising immune-related therapeutic target for a wide range of malignancies. We identified 14 characteristic genes based on the AK4-related cluster using the random forest algorithm. Our artificial neural network yielded excellent diagnostic performance in the testing cohort with AUC values of 0.994, 0.973, and 0.995, indicating its ability to distinguish between breast cancer and non-breast cancer cases. Conclusions Our research sheds light on the dual role of ADSCs in BC at the genetic level and identifies AK4 as a key protective mRNA in breast cancer. We found that AK4 significantly predicts cancer prognosis and immunotherapy, indicating its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lu
- Department of Hemangioma and Vascular Malformation, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- Department of Hemangioma and Vascular Malformation, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Mengjie Wang
- Department of Hemangioma and Vascular Malformation, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Shiqi Li
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, 4+4 M.D. Program, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Hui Bi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Xiaonan Yang
- Department of Hemangioma and Vascular Malformation, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100144, China
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11
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Wilbur HC, Le DT, Agarwal P. Immunotherapy of MSI Cancer: Facts and Hopes. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:1438-1447. [PMID: 38015720 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-1935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a tumor molecular phenotype that evolves from loss of function in the mismatch repair (MMR) proteins through deleterious germline mutations, epigenetic inactivation, or somatic biallelic mutations. This phenotype is characterized by genomic hyper-mutability, increased neoantigen expression, and a favorable, immune-rich tumor microenvironment. These features confer a greater likelihood of response to treatment with the class of agents known as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and, potentially, other immune-based therapeutics. MSI as a predictive biomarker for response to treatment with ICIs ultimately led to the first tissue-agnostic approval of pembrolizumab for advanced, previously treated MSI or deficient MMR (dMMR) tumors. Nevertheless, response to ICIs in dMMR/MSI tumors is not universal. Identifying predictors of response and elucidating mechanisms of immune escape will be crucial to continued successful treatment of this subset. In this review, we aim to describe the pathogenesis and key immunologic features of dMMR/MSI tumors, provide a brief overview of the currently approved treatments, and discuss promising novel immune-based therapeutics currently under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Catherine Wilbur
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Dung T Le
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Parul Agarwal
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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12
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Fang Y, Fu M, Li X, Zhang B, Wan C. Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli effector EspF triggers oxidative DNA lesions in intestinal epithelial cells. Infect Immun 2024; 92:e0000124. [PMID: 38415639 PMCID: PMC11003234 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00001-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Attaching/effacing (A/E) pathogens induce DNA damage and colorectal cancer by injecting effector proteins into host cells via the type III secretion system (T3SS). EspF is one of the T3SS-dependent effector proteins exclusive to A/E pathogens, which include enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. The role of EspF in the induction of double-strand breaks (DSBs) and the phosphorylation of the repair protein SMC1 has been demonstrated previously. However, the process of damage accumulation and DSB formation has remained enigmatic, and the damage response is not well understood. Here, we first showed a compensatory increase in the mismatch repair proteins MutS homolog 2 (MSH2) and MSH6, as well as poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1, followed by a dramatic decrease, threatening cell survival in the presence of EspF. Flow cytometry revealed that EspF arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase to facilitate DNA repair. Subsequently, 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) lesions, a marker of oxidative damage, were assayed by ELISA and immunofluorescence, which revealed the accumulation of 8-oxoG from the cytosol to the nucleus. Furthermore, the status of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and DSBs was confirmed. We observed that EspF accelerated the course of DNA lesions, including 8-oxoG and unrepaired ssDNA, which were converted into DSBs; this was accompanied by the phosphorylation of replication protein A 32 in repair-defective cells. Collectively, these findings reveal that EspF triggers various types of oxidative DNA lesions with impairment of the DNA damage response and may result in genomic instability and cell death, offering novel insight into the tumorigenic potential of EspF.IMPORTANCEOxidative DNA lesions play causative roles in colitis-associated colon cancer. Accumulating evidence shows strong links between attaching/effacing (A/E) pathogens and colorectal cancer (CRC). EspF is one of many effector proteins exclusive to A/E pathogens with defined roles in the induction of oxidative stress, double-strand breaks (DSBs), and repair dysregulation. Here, we found that EspF promotes reactive oxygen species generation and 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) lesions when the repair system is activated, contributing to sustained cell survival. However, infected cells exposed to EspF presented 8-oxoG, which results in DSBs and ssDNA accumulation when the cell cycle is arrested at the G2/M phase and the repair system is defective or saturated by DNA lesions. In addition, we found that EspF could intensify the accumulation of nuclear DNA lesions through oxidative and replication stress. Overall, our work highlights the involvement of EspF in DNA lesions and DNA damage response, providing a novel avenue by which A/E pathogens may contribute to CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Fang
- BSL-3 Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Muqing Fu
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyue Li
- BSL-3 Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bao Zhang
- BSL-3 Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chengsong Wan
- BSL-3 Laboratory, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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13
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Bian X, Sun Q, Wang M, Dong H, Dai X, Zhang L, Fan G, Chen G. Preoperative prediction of microsatellite instability status in colorectal cancer based on a multiphasic enhanced CT radiomics nomogram model. BMC Med Imaging 2024; 24:77. [PMID: 38566000 PMCID: PMC10988858 DOI: 10.1186/s12880-024-01252-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the value of a nomogram model based on the combination of clinical-CT features and multiphasic enhanced CT radiomics for the preoperative prediction of the microsatellite instability (MSI) status in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. METHODS A total of 347 patients with a pathological diagnosis of colorectal adenocarcinoma, including 276 microsatellite stabilized (MSS) patients and 71 MSI patients (243 training and 104 testing), were included. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to identify the clinical-CT features of CRC patients linked with MSI status to build a clinical model. Radiomics features were extracted from arterial phase (AP), venous phase (VP), and delayed phase (DP) CT images. Different radiomics models for the single phase and multiphase (three-phase combination) were developed to determine the optimal phase. A nomogram model that combines clinical-CT features and the optimal phasic radscore was also created. RESULTS Platelet (PLT), systemic immune inflammation index (SII), tumour location, enhancement pattern, and AP contrast ratio (ACR) were independent predictors of MSI status in CRC patients. Among the AP, VP, DP, and three-phase combination models, the three-phase combination model was selected as the best radiomics model. The best MSI prediction efficacy was demonstrated by the nomogram model built from the combination of clinical-CT features and the three-phase combination model, with AUCs of 0.894 and 0.839 in the training and testing datasets, respectively. CONCLUSION The nomogram model based on the combination of clinical-CT features and three-phase combination radiomics features can be used as an auxiliary tool for the preoperative prediction of the MSI status in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Bian
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, 215004, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, 215004, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mi Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, 215004, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hanyun Dong
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, 215004, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Dai
- Department of Pathlogy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, 215004, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, 215004, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guohua Fan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, 215004, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangqiang Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, 215004, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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14
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Lin J, Chen L, Zhang D. Long non-coding RNA LINC-PINT as a novel prognostic biomarker in human cancer: a meta-analysis and machine learning. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7483. [PMID: 38553526 PMCID: PMC10980720 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57836-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA, P53 induced transcript (LINC-PINT) exhibits different expression patterns in the majority of tumors, yet its relationship with cancer prognosis remains a subject of debate. This study aims to comprehensively investigate the prognostic significance of LINC-PINT in diverse human cancer. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases to identify pertinent studies exploring the correlation between LINC-PINT expression and cancer patients. Moreover, bioinformatics analysis and in vitro validation were used to validate the results of the meta-analysis and to investigate the potential oncogenic mechanism of LINC-PINT. The meta-analysis encompassed 8 studies, involving 911 patients. The pooled analysis demonstrated a significant association between upregulation of LINC-PINT expression and better survival (P = 0.002) during the cancers. Meanwhile, its downregulation was correlated with advanced tumor staging (P = 0.04) and tumor differentiation (P = 0.03). Additionally, bioinformatics analysis showed that LINC-PINT expression was observed to be linked with Tumor Mutational Burden (TMB) and Microsatellite Instability (MSI) in tumors, the results of bioinformatics were verified by qRT-PCR. And functional enrichment analysis hinted at its involvement in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Dysregulated LICN-PINT expression is associated with the clinical prognostic and pathological features of various cancers, exhibiting substantial potential as a novel prognostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Jilin University Second Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Disease, Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Jilin University Second Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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15
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Ding XH, Xiao Y, Chen F, Liu CL, Fu T, Shao ZM, Jiang YZ. The HLA-I landscape confers prognosis and antitumor immunity in breast cancer. Brief Bioinform 2024; 25:bbae151. [PMID: 38602320 PMCID: PMC11007120 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbae151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease with varied subtypes, prognoses and therapeutic responsiveness. Human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) shapes the immunity and thereby influences the outcome of breast cancer. However, the implications of HLA-I variations in breast cancer remain poorly understood. In this study, we established a multiomics cohort of 1156 Chinese breast cancer patients for HLA-I investigation. We calculated four important HLA-I indicators in each individual, including HLA-I expression level, somatic HLA-I loss of heterozygosity (LOH), HLA-I evolutionary divergence (HED) and peptide-binding promiscuity (Pr). Then, we evaluated their distribution and prognostic significance in breast cancer subtypes. We found that the four breast cancer subtypes had distinct features of HLA-I indicators. Increased expression of HLA-I and LOH were enriched in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), while Pr was relatively higher in hot tumors within TNBCs. In particular, a higher Pr indicated a better prognosis in TNBCs by regulating the infiltration of immune cells and the expression of immune molecules. Using the matched genomic and transcriptomic data, we found that mismatch repair deficiency-related mutational signature and pathways were enriched in low-Pr TNBCs, suggesting that targeting mismatch repair deficiency for synthetic lethality might be promising therapy for these patients. In conclusion, we presented an overview of HLA-I indicators in breast cancer and provided hints for precision treatment for low-Pr TNBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
| | - Fenfang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
| | - Cheng-Lin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
| | - Tong Fu
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Ming Shao
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Zhou Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
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16
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Xu D, Li Y, Yin S, Huang F. Strategies to address key challenges of metallacycle/metallacage-based supramolecular coordination complexes in biomedical applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3167-3204. [PMID: 38385584 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00926b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Owing to their capacity for dynamically linking two or more functional molecules, supramolecular coordination complexes (SCCs), exemplified by two-dimensional (2D) metallacycles and three-dimensional (3D) metallacages, have gained increasing significance in biomedical applications. However, their inherent hydrophobicity and self-assembly driven by heavy metal ions present common challenges in their applications. These challenges can be overcome by enhancing the aqueous solubility and in vivo circulation stability of SCCs, alongside minimizing their side effects during treatment. Addressing these challenges is crucial for advancing the fundamental research of SCCs and their subsequent clinical translation. In this review, drawing on extensive contemporary research, we offer a thorough and systematic analysis of the strategies employed by SCCs to surmount these prevalent yet pivotal obstacles. Additionally, we explore further potential challenges and prospects for the broader application of SCCs in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Materials Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China.
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Materials Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China.
| | - Shouchun Yin
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Materials Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China.
| | - Feihe Huang
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China.
- Zhejiang-Israel Joint Laboratory of Self-Assembling Functional Materials, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 311215, P. R. China
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17
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Wang T, Peng X, Liu W, Ji M, Sun J. Identification and validation of KIF23 as a hypoxia-regulated lactate metabolism-related oncogene in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma. Life Sci 2024; 341:122490. [PMID: 38336274 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The "Warburg effect" has been developed from the discovery that hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) could promote the conversion of pyruvate to lactate. However, no studies have linked hypoxia and lactate metabolism to uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC). MAIN METHODS Sequencing and clinical data of patients with UCEC were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Hypoxia-related lactate metabolism genes (HRLGs) were screened using Spearman's correlation analysis. A prognostic signature based on HRLGs was developed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the molecular features, immune environment, mutation patterns, and response to drugs between different risk groups. In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to verify the function of KIF23. KEY FINDINGS A five HRLG-based prognostic signature was identified. The prognostic outcome was unfavorable for the high-risk subgroup. Observation of increased pathway activities associated with cell proliferation and DNA damage repair was noted in the high-risk subgroup. Additionally, notable correlations were observed between risk score and immune microenvironment, mutational features, and drug responsiveness. Further, we confirmed KIF23 as a novel oncogene in UCEC, whose silencing decreased proliferation and promoted apoptosis of cancer cells. KIF23 knockdown reduced tumor growth in nude mice. We demonstrated that KIF23 was upregulated under hypoxic stress in a HIF-1α dependent manner. Moreover, KIF23 regulated lactate dehydrogenase A expression. SIGNIFICANCE The developed HRLG-related signature was associated with prognosis, immune microenvironment, and drug sensitivity in UCEC. We also revealed KIF23 as a hypoxia-regulated lactate metabolism-related oncogene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- The Gynecology Department, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaotong Peng
- The Gynecology Department, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- The Gynecology Department, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Mei Ji
- The Gynecology Department, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jing Sun
- The Gynecology Department, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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18
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Du D, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Wang G, Chen L, Guan X, Rasmussen LJ, Liu D. MRE11A: a novel negative regulator of human DNA mismatch repair. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:37. [PMID: 38486171 PMCID: PMC10938699 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00547-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA mismatch repair (MMR) is a highly conserved pathway that corrects DNA replication errors, the loss of which is attributed to the development of various types of cancers. Although well characterized, MMR factors remain to be identified. As a 3'-5' exonuclease and endonuclease, meiotic recombination 11 homolog A (MRE11A) is implicated in multiple DNA repair pathways. However, the role of MRE11A in MMR is unclear. METHODS Initially, short-term and long-term survival assays were used to measure the cells' sensitivity to N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). Meanwhile, the level of apoptosis was also determined by flow cytometry after MNNG treatment. Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays were used to evaluate the DNA damage within one cell cycle after MNNG treatment. Next, a GFP-heteroduplex repair assay and microsatellite stability test were used to measure the MMR activities in cells. To investigate the mechanisms, western blotting, the GFP-heteroduplex repair assay, and chromatin immunoprecipitation were used. RESULTS We show that knockdown of MRE11A increased the sensitivity of HeLa cells to MNNG treatment, as well as the MNNG-induced DNA damage and apoptosis, implying a potential role of MRE11 in MMR. Moreover, we found that MRE11A was largely recruited to chromatin and negatively regulated the DNA damage signals within the first cell cycle after MNNG treatment. We also showed that knockdown of MRE11A increased, while overexpressing MRE11A decreased, MMR activity in HeLa cells, suggesting that MRE11A negatively regulates MMR activity. Furthermore, we show that recruitment of MRE11A to chromatin requires MLH1 and that MRE11A competes with PMS2 for binding to MLH1. This decreases PMS2 levels in whole cells and on chromatin, and consequently comprises MMR activity. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that MRE11A is a negative regulator of human MMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demin Du
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yueyan Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Guanxiong Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Liying Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiaowei Guan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Lene Juel Rasmussen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Dekang Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Wu G, Fang Y, Bi D, Yang W, Sun Y. Case report: Immunotherapy in rare high TMB pancreatic acinar carcinoma. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1357233. [PMID: 38529379 PMCID: PMC10961464 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1357233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This case report details a patient with Pancreatic Acinar Cell Carcinoma (PACC), a rare malignancy with distinctive biological and imaging features. In the absence of standardized treatment protocols for PACC, we embarked on a diagnostic journey that led to the adoption of an innovative therapeutic regimen in our institution. A 45-year-old female patient presented with a pancreatic mass, which was histologically confirmed as PACC following a biopsy. Subsequent genomic profiling revealed a high tumor mutational burden (21.4/Mb), prompting the initiation of combined immunotherapy and targeted therapy. Notably, the patient experienced a unique adverse reaction to the immunotherapy-recurrent subcutaneous soft tissue nodules, particularly in the gluteal and lower limb regions, accompanied by pain, yet resolving spontaneously. Following six cycles of the dual therapy, radiological evaluations indicated a decrease in tumor size, leading to a successful surgical excision. Over a 20-month post-surgical follow-up, the patient showed no signs of disease recurrence. This narrative adds to the existing knowledge on PACC and highlights the potential efficacy of immunotherapy in managing this challenging condition, emphasizing the importance of close monitoring for any adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifu Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Chaoyang District Sanhuan Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuting Fang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Deying Bi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Chaoyang District Sanhuan Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenwei Yang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yongkun Sun
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Zhao Z, Wang R, Wang R, Song J, Ma F, Pan H, Gao C, Wang D, Chen X, Fan X. Pancancer analysis of the prognostic and immunological role of FANCD2: a potential target for carcinogenesis and survival. BMC Med Genomics 2024; 17:69. [PMID: 38443946 PMCID: PMC10916239 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-024-01836-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence has shed light on the significant role of FANCD2 in cancer initiation, development, and progression. However, a comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of FANCD2 has been lacking. In this study, we have conducted a thorough investigation into the expression profiles and prognostic significance of FANCD2, as well as its correlation with clinicopathological parameters and immune cell infiltration, using advanced bioinformatic techniques. The results demonstrate that FANCD2 is significantly upregulated in various common cancers and is associated with prognosis. Notably, higher expression levels of FANCD2 are linked to poor overall survival, as indicated by Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses. Additionally, we have observed a decrease in the methylation of FANCD2 DNA in some cancers, and this decrease is inversely correlated with FANCD2 expression. Genetic alterations in FANCD2 predominantly manifest as mutations, which are associated with overall survival, disease-specific survival, disease-free survival, and progression-free survival in certain tumor types. Moreover, FANCD2 exhibits a strong correlation with infiltrating cell levels, immune checkpoint genes, tumor mutation burden (TMB), and microsatellite instability (MSI). Enrichment analysis further highlights the potential impact of FANCD2 on Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway and cell cycle regulation. Through this comprehensive pan-cancer analysis, we have gained a deeper understanding of the functions of FANCD2 in oncogenesis and metastasis across different types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zedan Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
| | - Ruyu Wang
- School of clinical medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330004, China
| | - Ruixue Wang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jialing Song
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
| | - Fengjun Ma
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huafeng Pan
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Cuiyun Gao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
| | - Deqiang Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China.
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China.
| | - Xiangzhen Fan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, China.
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21
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Dupain C, Gutman T, Girard E, Kamoun C, Marret G, Castel-Ajgal Z, Sablin MP, Neuzillet C, Borcoman E, Hescot S, Callens C, Trabelsi-Grati O, Melaabi S, Vibert R, Antonio S, Franck C, Galut M, Guillou I, Halladjian M, Allory Y, Cyrta J, Romejon J, Frouin E, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Wong J, Le Tourneau C, Bièche I, Servant N, Kamal M, Masliah-Planchon J. Tumor mutational burden assessment and standardized bioinformatics approach using custom NGS panels in clinical routine. BMC Biol 2024; 22:43. [PMID: 38378561 PMCID: PMC10880437 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01839-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High tumor mutational burden (TMB) was reported to predict the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Pembrolizumab, an anti-PD-1, received FDA-approval for the treatment of unresectable/metastatic tumors with high TMB as determined by the FoundationOne®CDx test. It remains to be determined how TMB can also be calculated using other tests. RESULTS FFPE/frozen tumor samples from various origins were sequenced in the frame of the Institut Curie (IC) Molecular Tumor Board using an in-house next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel. A TMB calculation method was developed at IC (IC algorithm) and compared to the FoundationOne® (FO) algorithm. Using IC algorithm, an optimal 10% variant allele frequency (VAF) cut-off was established for TMB evaluation on FFPE samples, compared to 5% on frozen samples. The median TMB score for MSS/POLE WT tumors was 8.8 mut/Mb versus 45 mut/Mb for MSI/POLE-mutated tumors. When focusing on MSS/POLE WT tumor samples, the highest median TMB scores were observed in lymphoma, lung, endometrial, and cervical cancers. After biological manual curation of these cases, 21% of them could be reclassified as MSI/POLE tumors and considered as "true TMB high." Higher TMB values were obtained using FO algorithm on FFPE samples compared to IC algorithm (40 mut/Mb [10-3927] versus 8.2 mut/Mb [2.5-897], p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS We herein propose a TMB calculation method and a bioinformatics tool that is customizable to different NGS panels and sample types. We were not able to retrieve TMB values from FO algorithm using our own algorithm and NGS panel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célia Dupain
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation (D3i), Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Tom Gutman
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, INSERM U900, Mines Paris Tech, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Elodie Girard
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, INSERM U900, Mines Paris Tech, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Choumouss Kamoun
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, INSERM U900, Mines Paris Tech, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Grégoire Marret
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation (D3i), Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Zahra Castel-Ajgal
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation (D3i), Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Paule Sablin
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation (D3i), Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Cindy Neuzillet
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, Paris & Saint Cloud, France
| | - Edith Borcoman
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation (D3i), Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Ségolène Hescot
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation (D3i), Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Samia Melaabi
- Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Michèle Galut
- Department of Pathology, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Guillou
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation (D3i), Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Maral Halladjian
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation (D3i), Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Yves Allory
- Department of Pathology, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Institut Curie, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - Joanna Cyrta
- Department of Pathology, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | - Julien Romejon
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, INSERM U900, Mines Paris Tech, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet
- Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Paris-Cité University, Paris, France
- INSERM U830, Paris, France
| | - Jennifer Wong
- Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Christophe Le Tourneau
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation (D3i), Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Inserm U900 Research Unit, Saint Cloud, France
- Paris-Saclay University, Paris, France
| | - Ivan Bièche
- Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Paris-Cité University, Paris, France
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, INSERM U1016, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Servant
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, INSERM U900, Mines Paris Tech, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Maud Kamal
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation (D3i), Institut Curie, Paris, France
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Alemi F, Poornajaf Y, Hosseini F, Vahedian V, Gharekhani M, Shoorei H, Taheri M. Interaction between lncRNAs and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) influences DNA damage response in cancer chemoresistance. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:308. [PMID: 38366290 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09288-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
The DNA damage response (DDR) is a crucial cellular signaling pathway activated in response to DNA damage, including damage caused by chemotherapy. Chemoresistance, which refers to the resistance of cancer cells to the effects of chemotherapy, poses a significant challenge in cancer treatment. Understanding the relationship between DDR and chemoresistance is vital for devising strategies to overcome this resistance and improve treatment outcomes. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNA molecules that do not code for proteins but play important roles in various biological processes, including cancer development and chemoresistance. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are a group of proteins that bind to RNA molecules and regulate their functions. The interaction between lncRNAs and RBPs has been found to regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, thereby influencing various cellular processes, including DDR signaling pathways. Multiple studies have demonstrated that lncRNAs can interact with RBPs to modulate the expression of genes involved in cancer chemoresistance by impacting DDR signaling pathways. Conversely, RBPs can regulate the expression and function of lncRNAs involved in DDR. Exploring these interactions can provide valuable insights for the development of innovative therapeutic approaches to overcome chemoresistance in cancer patients. This review article aims to summarize recent research on the interaction between lncRNAs and RBPs during cancer chemotherapy, with a specific focus on DDR pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Alemi
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Yadollah Poornajaf
- Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Foroogh Hosseini
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Vahid Vahedian
- Department of Medical Clinic, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Cellular Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mahdi Gharekhani
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Rooyesh Infertility Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Ma N, Zhou T, Li C, Luo X, Chen S, Zhu XY, Chen XH, Liu H, Tian HY, Gao QJ, Zhao DW. A pan-cancer analysis of the prognosis and immune infiltration of eEF1A2 and its potential function in thyroid carcinoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24455. [PMID: 38314298 PMCID: PMC10837510 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1α2 (eEF1A2) promotes tumour progression in various cancers. We performed a pan-cancer analysis of eEF1A2 and explored its role in thyroid carcinoma (THCA). Methods Databases from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the University of Alabama at Birmingham Cancer data analysis Portal (UALCAN), and the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) were used to investigate the differential expression of eEF1A2 in pan-cancer. The pathological stage, prognostic characteristics, tumour microenvironment (TME), tumour mutational burden (TMB), and microsatellite instability (MSI) were analysed in diverse tumours with different expression levels of eEF1A2. The expression levels in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and its specific role in cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and cell glycolysis in PTC cells were verified by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), immunohistochemistry, cell counting kit-8, colony formation, wound healing, Transwell assay, and lactate acid and glucose assays.Results:eEF1A2 was differentially expressed in various malignant tumour tissues compared to control tissues and was associated with poor pathological stage and prognosis in most types of tumours. Moreover, eEF1A2 expression closely correlated with the infiltration of immunosuppressive cells, TMB, and MSI in some tumour types. Expression of eEF1A2 in PTC is higher than the para-carcinoma, and eEF1A2 downregulation suppressed TPC-1 and BCPAP cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and glycolysis. Conclusion Our study suggests that the expression of eEF1A2 is related to the prognosis and immune infiltration of some tumours and may be a predictor of prognosis and immunotherapy. eEF1A2 could promote malignant behaviour of PTC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ma
- GuiZhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Tian Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Chunyu Li
- GuiZhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xue Luo
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Song Chen
- GuiZhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xue-Yin Zhu
- GuiZhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xing-Hong Chen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Second People's Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Haoxi Liu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Guiqian International General Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Hai-Ying Tian
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Qing-Jun Gao
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Dai-Wei Zhao
- GuiZhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Second People's Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Guiqian International General Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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Chen J, Liu K, Liu Y. Synergistic molecular mechanism of degradation in dye wastewater by Rhodopseudomonas palustris intimately coupled carbon nanotube - Silver modified titanium dioxide photocatalytic composite with sodium alginate. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 351:119913. [PMID: 38154222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The intimately coupled photocatalysis and biodegradation (ICPB), which combined the advantages of high oxidation capacity of photocatalysis and high mineralization rate of biodegradation, has demonstrated excellent removal performance in the degradation of azo dyes with highly toxic, refractory, mutagenic and carcinogenic. In order to explore the metagenomics mechanism of the ICPB system, a novel ICPB was prepared by coupling Rhodopseudomonas palustris (R. Palustris), carbon nanotube - silver modified titanium dioxide photocatalytic composite (CNT-Ag -TiO2, CAT) and sodium alginate (SA) (R. palustris/CAT@SA, R-CAT). Metagenomics sequencing was used to investigate the molecular mechanism of adaptation and degradation of dyes by photosynthetic microorganisms and the adaptive and synergistic interaction between photosynthetic microorganisms and photocatalyst. Experiments on the adaptability and degradability of photosynthetic microorganisms have proved that low concentration azo dyes could be utilized as carbon sources for growth of photosynthetic microorganisms. Metagenomics sequencing revealed that R. palustris was the main degrading bacterium in photosynthetic microorganisms and the functional genes related to carbohydrate metabolism, biological regulation and catalytic activity were abundant. It was found that the addition of photocatalyst significantly up-regulated the functional genes related to the catabolic process, electron transport, oxidoreductase activity and superoxide metabolism of organic matter in the photosynthetic microorganisms. Moreover, many key gene such as alpha-amylase, 1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, aldehyde dehydrogenase enrichment in microbial basal metabolism, such as enoyl-CoA hydratase, malate dehydrogenase, glutathione S-transferase enrichment in degrading azo dyes and electron transport, and many key gene such as undecaprenyl-diphosphatase, carbon storage regulator, DNA ligase enrichment in response to dyes and photocatalysts were discovered. These findings would contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of degradation of dye wastewater by ICPB system, a series of genes was produced to adapt to environmental changes, and played synergistic role in terms of intermediate product degradation and electron transfer for degrading azo dyes. The photosynthetic microorganisms might be a promising microorganism for constructing ICPB system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, PR China.
| | - Kai Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, PR China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, PR China
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25
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Wang S, Wu X, Wu X, Cheng J, Chen Q, Qi Z. Systematic analysis of the role of LDHs subtype in pan-cancer demonstrates the importance of LDHD in the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:156. [PMID: 38291366 PMCID: PMC10829303 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-11920-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactate dehydrogenase (LDHs) is an enzyme involved in anaerobic glycolysis, including LDHA, LDHB, LDHC and LDHD. Given the regulatory role in the biological progression of certain tumors, we analyzed the role of LDHs in pan-cancers. METHODS Cox regression, Kaplan-Meier curves, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves, and correlation of clinical indicators in tumor patients were used to assess the prognostic significance of LDHs in pan-cancer. The TCGA, HPA, TIMER, UALCAN, TISIDB, and Cellminer databases were used to investigate the correlation between the expression of LDHs and immune subtypes, immune checkpoint genes, methylation levels, tumor mutational load, microsatellite instability, tumor-infiltrating immune cells and drug sensitivity. The cBioPortal database was also used to identify genomic abnormalities of LDHs in pan-cancer. A comprehensive assessment of the biological functions of LDHs was performed using GSEA. In vitro, HepG2 and Huh7 cells were transfected with LDHD siRNA and GFP-LDHD, the proliferation capacity of cells was examined using CCK-8, EdU, and colony formation assays; the migration and invasion of cells was detected by wound healing and transwell assays; western blotting was used to detect the levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, E-cadherin, N-cadherin and Akt phosphorylation. RESULTS LDHs were differentially expressed in a variety of human tumor tissues. LDHs subtypes can act as pro-oncogenes or anti-oncogenes in different types of cancer and have an impact on the prognosis of patients with tumors by influencing their clinicopathological characteristics. LDHs were differentially expressed in tumor immune subtypes and molecular subtypes. In addition, LDHs expression correlated with immune checkpoint genes, tumor mutational load, and microsatellite instability. LDHD was identified to play an important role in the prognosis of HCC patients, according to a comprehensive analysis of LDHs in pan-cancer. In HepG2 and Huh7 cells, knockdown of LDHD promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, promoted the protein expression levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, N-cadherin, and Akt phosphorylation, but inhibited the protein expression level of E-cadherin. In addition, LDHD overexpression showed the opposite changes. CONCLUSION LDHs subtypes can be used as potential prognostic markers for certain cancers. Prognostic and immunotherapeutic analysis indicated that LDHD plays an important role in the prognosis of HCC patients. In vitro experiments revealed that LDHD can affect HCC proliferation, migration, and invasion by regulating MMPs expression and EMT via Akt signaling pathway, which provides a new perspective on the anti-cancer molecular mechanism of LDHD in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, No.22 Wenchang West Road, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, P.R. China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macro-Molecules, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, P.R. China
- Department of Pathology, Fuyang People's Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, Anhui, 236000, P.R. China
| | - Xingwei Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, No.22 Wenchang West Road, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, P.R. China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macro-Molecules, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, P.R. China
- Clinical Laboratory, Traditional Chinese Hospital of Lu'an, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Lu'an 237000, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoming Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, No.22 Wenchang West Road, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, P.R. China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macro-Molecules, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, P.R. China
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, P.R. China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, No.22 Wenchang West Road, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, P.R. China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macro-Molecules, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, P.R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yijishan Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, P.R. China
| | - Qianyi Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, No.22 Wenchang West Road, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, P.R. China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macro-Molecules, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, P.R. China
| | - Zhilin Qi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wannan Medical College, No.22 Wenchang West Road, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, P.R. China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macro-Molecules, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241002, P.R. China.
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Zhou Z, Lin T, Chen S, Zhang G, Xu Y, Zou H, Zhou A, Zhang Y, Weng S, Han X, Liu Z. Omics-based molecular classifications empowering in precision oncology. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2024:10.1007/s13402-023-00912-8. [PMID: 38294647 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00912-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the past decades, cancer enigmatical heterogeneity at distinct expression levels could interpret disparities in therapeutic response and prognosis. It built hindrances to precision medicine, a tactic to tailor customized treatment informed by the tumors' molecular profile. Single-omics analysis dissected the biological features associated with carcinogenesis to some extent but still failed to revolutionize cancer treatment as expected. Integrated omics analysis incorporated tumor biological networks from diverse layers and deciphered a holistic overview of cancer behaviors, yielding precise molecular classification to facilitate the evolution and refinement of precision medicine. CONCLUSION This review outlined the biomarkers at multiple expression layers to tutor molecular classification and pinpoint tumor diagnosis, and explored the paradigm shift in precision therapy: from single- to multi-omics-based subtyping to optimize therapeutic regimens. Ultimately, we firmly believe that by parsing molecular characteristics, omics-based typing will be a powerful assistant for precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaokai Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Ting Lin
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yudi Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Haijiao Zou
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Aoyang Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Yuyuan Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Siyuan Weng
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
- Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
- Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
- Interventional Institute of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
- Interventional Treatment and Clinical Research Center of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Zheng Q, Gong Z, Li B, Cheng R, Luo W, Huang C, Wang H. Identification and characterization of CLEC11A and its derived immune signature in gastric cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1324959. [PMID: 38348052 PMCID: PMC10859539 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1324959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction C-type lectin domain family 11 member A (CLEC11A) was characterized as a growth factor that mainly regulates hematopoietic function and differentiation of bone cells. However, the involvement of CLEC11A in gastric cancer (GC) is not well understood. Methods Transcriptomic data and clinical information pertaining to GC were obtained and analyzed from publicly available databases. The relationships between CLEC11A and prognoses, genetic alterations, tumor microenvironment (TME), and therapeutic responses in GC patients were analyzed by bioinformatics methods. A CLEC11A-derived immune signature was developed and validated, and its mutational landscapes, immunological characteristics as well as drug sensitivities were explored. A nomogram was established by combining CLEC11A-derived immune signature and clinical factors. The expression and carcinogenic effects of CLEC11A in GC were verified by qRT-PCR, cell migration, invasion, cell cycle analysis, and in vivo model analysis. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), regulatory T cells (Tregs), M2 macrophages, and T cells in tumor samples extracted from mice were analyzed utilizing flow cytometry analysis. Results CLEC11A was over-expressed in GC, and the elevated CLEC11A expression indicated an unfavorable prognosis in GC patients. CLEC11A was involved in genomic alterations and associated with the TME in GC. Moreover, elevated CLEC11A was found to reduce the benefit of immunotherapy according to immunophenoscore (IPS) and the tumor immune dysfunction, exclusion (TIDE). After validation, the CLEC11A-derived immune signature demonstrated a consistent ability to predict the survival outcomes in GC patients. A nomogram that quantifies survival probability was constructed to improve the accuracy of prognosis prediction in GC patients. Using shRNA to suppress the expression of CLEC11A led to significant inhibitions of cell cycle progression, migration, and invasion, as well as a marked reduction of in vivo tumor growth. Moreover, the flow cytometry assay showed that the knock-down of CLEC11A increased the infiltration of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and helper CD4+ T into tumors while decreasing the percentage of M2 macrophages, MDSCs, and Tregs. Conclusion Collectively, our findings revealed that CLEC11A could be a prognostic and immunological biomarker in GC, and CLEC11A-derived immune signature might serve as a new option for clinicians to predict outcomes and formulate personalized treatment plans for GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Zhenqi Gong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Baizhi Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Runzi Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Weican Luo
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Cong Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Huaiming Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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Wang Q, Wang X, Li J, Yin T, Wang Y, Cheng L. PRKCSH serves as a potential immunological and prognostic biomarker in pan-cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1778. [PMID: 38245572 PMCID: PMC10799934 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52153-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase C substrate 80K-H (PRKCSH) plays a crucial role in the protein N-terminal glycosylation process, with emerging evidence implicating its involvement in tumorigenesis. To comprehensively assess PRKCSH's significance across cancers, we conducted a pan-cancer analysis using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), and Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE). We assessed aberrant PRKCSH mRNA and protein expression, examined its prognostic implications, and identified correlations with clinical features, tumor mutational burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and tumor immunity across cancer types. We explored PRKCSH gene alterations, DNA methylation, and their impact on patient prognosis. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and single-cell analysis revealed potential biological roles. Additionally, we investigated drug susceptibility and conducted Connectivity Map (Cmap) analysis. Key findings revealed that PRKCSH exhibited overexpression in most tumors, with a significant association with poor overall survival (OS) in six cancer types. Notably, PRKCSH expression demonstrated variations across disease stages, primarily increasing in advanced stages among eleven tumor types. Moreover, PRKCSH exhibited significant correlations with TMB in five cancer categories, MSI in eight, and displayed associations with immune cell populations in pan-cancer analysis. Genetic variations in PRKCSH were identified across 26 tumor types, suggesting favorable disease-free survival. Furthermore, PRKCSH methylation displayed a significant negative correlation with its expression in 27 tumor types, with a marked decrease compared to normal tissues in ten tumors. Cmap predicted 24 potential therapeutic small molecules in over four cancer types. This study highlights that PRKCSH, as a potential oncogene, may be a promising prognostic marker and therapeutic target of immunotherapy for a range of malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiankun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jiaoyuan Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Tongxin Yin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Liming Cheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Zhang Z, Huang J, Li Y, Yan H, Xie J, Wang J, Zhao B. Global burden, risk factors, clinicopathological characteristics, molecular biomarkers and outcomes of microsatellite instability-high gastric cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:948-963. [PMID: 38224334 PMCID: PMC10817383 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) has gained considerable interests since it was approved as a tumor-agnostic biomarker in immunotherapy. However, the reported characteristics of MSI-H gastric cancer (GC) are inconsistent due to the biological complexity. Here, we aim to clarify the prevalence, risk factors, clinicopathological/molecular features and outcomes of MSI-H GC though a comprehensive review on 43246 patients from 134 cohorts. Overall, the proportion of MSI-H GC was 14.5% (95% CI, 13.3%-15.8%). Patients with MSI-H GC were less likely to have Epstein-Barr virus infection. High incidences of MSI-H GC were associated with female, older age, lower gastric body, Lauren intestinal histology, WHO tubular and mucinous subtypes, and early disease stage. Additionally, patients with MSI-H GC harbored more KRAS mutation, PD-L1 positivity, CD8 overexpression, and higher TMB, but less HER2 positivity and TP53 mutation. When treated with conventional strategy, the 5-year survival rates in MSI-H patients (70.3%) and MSI-L/MSS patients (43.7%) were significantly different (p<0.001). Patients with MSI-H GC derived larger benefit from immunotherapy in term of overall survival (pInteraction<0.001) and objective response (pInteraction=0.02). Since the prevalence of MSI-H GC is relatively high and associated with distinct clinicopathological and molecular characteristics, MSI testing should be conducted during standard diagnostical activity. Moreover, giving MSI-H tumors are often diagnosed at early stage and have favorable outcomes, less aggressive treatment strategies may be considered in clinical practice. In summary, this panoramic review may assist in design and/or interpretation of clinical trials, provide references in drug development, and constitute complementary information in drafting the clinical practice guideline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhishan Zhang
- Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Jinyuan Huang
- Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Huimeng Yan
- Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Junxing Xie
- Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
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Guo F, Lu R, Kong W, Anwar M, Feng Y. DNA mismatch repair system regulates the expression of PD-L1 through DNMTs in cervical cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:25. [PMID: 38200495 PMCID: PMC10782574 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03214-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer (CC) is a potential clinical application of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor. We aimed to study the mechanism of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system regulating the expression of PD-L1 in CC through DNA methyltransferase (DNMTs). METHODS We collected pathological specimens from 118 cases of CC to analyze the relationship between PD-L1 expression and DNMTs in different MMR states. RNA interference (RNAi) technique was used to simulate the formation of CC cell line with MMR deficiency (dMMR) state, and subcutaneous tumor formation experiment was carried out in nude mice to verify the relationship between PD-L1 expression and DNMTs in MMR state. RESULTS The PD-L1 positive rate in 118 cases of CC was 58.47%, while the microsatellite instability (MSI) status accounted for 5.93%. There was a significant difference in the expression of PD-L1 between patients within the dMMR and MMR proficient (pMMR) groups (χ2 = 21.405, P < 0.001). Subcutaneous inoculation after infection of Siha cells led to successful tumorigenesis in nude mice, accompanied by a significant increase in the level of PD-L1 expression in the mouse tumors, while the expression level of MLH1 and MSH2 protein decreased significantly. We also found that PD-L1 expression was closely related to the expression of DNMTs. CONCLUSION PD-L1 is universal expressed on the surface of CC cells, dMMR status enhances the expression of PD-L1 on the surface of CC cells, dMMR states of CC are related to the demethylation status of the PD-L1 gene promoter region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Guo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Center, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, No 789 Suzhou Road, Urumqi, China
- Postdoctoral Research Workstation of Tumor Hospital affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Ruijiao Lu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Center, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, No 789 Suzhou Road, Urumqi, China
| | - Weina Kong
- Department of Medical Laboratory Center, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, No 789 Suzhou Road, Urumqi, China
| | - Miyessar Anwar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Center, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, No 789 Suzhou Road, Urumqi, China
| | - Yangchun Feng
- Department of Medical Laboratory Center, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, No 789 Suzhou Road, Urumqi, China.
- Postdoctoral Research Workstation of Tumor Hospital affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
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Cheng X, Liu Z, Chang H, Liang W, Li P, Gao Y. WD repeat domain 76 predicts poor prognosis in lower grade glioma and provides an original target for immunotherapy. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:13. [PMID: 38173030 PMCID: PMC10763342 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01605-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The WD40 repeat (WDR) domain provides scaffolds for numerous protein-protein interactions in multiple biological processes. WDR domain 76 (WDR76) has complex functionality owing to its diversified interactions; however, its mechanism in LGG has not yet been reported. METHODS Transcriptomic data from public databases were multifariously analyzed to explore the role of WDR76 in LGG pathology and tumor immunity. Laboratory experiments were conducted to confirm these results. RESULTS The results first confirmed that high expression of WDR76 in LGG was not only positively associated with clinical and molecular features of malignant LGG, but also served as an independent prognostic factor that predicted shorter survival in patients with LGG. Furthermore, high expression of WDR76 resulted in the upregulation of oncogenes, such as PRC1 and NUSAP1, and the activation of oncogenic mechanisms, such as the cell cycle and Notch signaling pathway. Finally, WDR76 was shown to be involved in LGG tumor immunity by promoting the infiltration of immune cells, such as M2 macrophages, and the expression of immune checkpoints, such as PDCD1 (encoding PD-1). CONCLUSIONS This study shows for the first time the diagnostic and prognostic value of WDR76 in LGG and provides a novel personalized biomarker for future targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Thus, WDR76 may significantly improve the prognosis of patients with LGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingbo Cheng
- Department of Surgery of Spine and Spinal Cord, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Zhendong Liu
- Department of Surgery of Spine and Spinal Cord, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Haigang Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, 453100, Henan, China
| | - Wenjia Liang
- People's Hospital of Henan University, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Pengxu Li
- Department of Surgery of Spine and Spinal Cord, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China
| | - Yanzheng Gao
- Department of Surgery of Spine and Spinal Cord, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
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Lin W, Zhou J, Ma Y, Ge L, Luo Y, Wang Y, Zhou S. Prognostic value of mitochondrial CKMT2 in Pan-cancer and its tumor immune correlation analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:342. [PMID: 38172162 PMCID: PMC10764887 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46468-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial metabolism has been shown to play a key role in immune cell survival and function, but mitochondrial creatine kinase 2 (CKMT2) has been relatively little studied about tumor immunity. We aimed to explore the prognostic value of CKMT2 in 33 cancer types and investigate its potential immune function. We used a range of bioinformatics approaches to explore the potential carcinogenic role of CKMT2 in multiple cancers. CKMT2 was lowly expressed in 14 tumor tissues and highly expressed in 4 tumor tissues. Immunohistochemical assays showed overexpression of CKMT2 in colon cancer and rectal cancer. CKMT2 overexpression was positively correlated with the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma and prostate cancer. CKMT2 overexpression is mainly enriched in the adaptive immune system and immune regulatory pathways of immunoglobulins. Seven cancers were positively correlated with low CKMT2 expression in tumor microenvironment analysis. Among the five cancers, low expression of CKMT2 resulted in better immunotherapy treatment outcomes. There was a strong correlation between CKMT2 and most immune-related genes in specific cancer types. CKMT2 plays an important role in tumorigenesis and cancer immunity and can be used as a prognostic biomarker and potential target for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiamin Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yili Ma
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Liuxing Ge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yiling Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yaobin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Sufang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
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Chen Y, Shen C, Wu J, Yan X, Huang Q. Role of immune related genes in predicting prognosis and immune response in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23519. [PMID: 37665680 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has developed rapidly in recent years. This study aimed to establish a prognostic signature for immune-related genes (IRGs) and explore related potential immunotherapies. The RNA-seq transcriptome profiles and clinicopathological information of patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Differentially expressed IRGs in tumors and normal tissues were screened and a risk score signature was constructed to predict the prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Receiver operating characteristic curves, survival analyses, and correlation analyses were used to explore the clinical application of this model. We further analyzed the differences in clinical characteristics, immune infiltration, somatic mutations, and treatment sensitivity between the high- and low-risk populations characterized by the prognostic models. The immune cell infiltration score and immune-related pathway activity were calculated using the single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) set enrichment analysis. Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes, and GSEA were used to explore the underlying mechanisms. We constructed a nine-IRG formula to predict the prognosis in HCC patients. The higher the risk score, the higher the malignancy of the tumor and the worse the prognosis. There were significant differences in immune related processes between the high- and low-risk groups. TP53 and CTNNB1 mutations were significantly different between different risk groups. The expression of model gene was closely related to the sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. This risk score model, which is helpful for the individualized treatment of patients with different risk factors, could be a reliable prognostic tool for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuchen Shen
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Juju Wu
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Yan
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Huang
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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Qi Y, Huang X, Ji C, Wang C, Yao Y. The co-inhibitory immune checkpoint proteins B7-H1(PD-L1) and B7-H4 in high grade glioma: From bench to bedside. Transl Oncol 2024; 39:101793. [PMID: 37844479 PMCID: PMC10587763 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Co-inhibitory immune checkpoints play a crucial role in tumor progression, and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor has been a breakthrough for treating multiple refractory tumors in last decade. Nevertheless, results of several phase III clinical trials of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor are unsatisfactory in high grade gliomas recently. This article reviews the promising biomarkers which can predict the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade immunotherapy and current status of emerging strategies involving PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, especially the combination treatment and neoadjuvant PD-1 therapy in gliomas. In addition, B7-H4, one of the most promising immune checkpoints, is also briefly reviewed here for its clinical significance, regulatory mechanism and developing immunotherapeutic strategies in pre-clinical glioma models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China; Immunology Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoming Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China; Immunology Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxia Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China; Immunology Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Yu Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China; Immunology Laboratory, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China.
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Ma C, Zhao Y, Song Q, Meng X, Xu Q, Tian S, Chen L, Wang N, Song Q, Lin L, Wang J, Liu A. Multi-parametric MRI-based radiomics for preoperative prediction of multiple biological characteristics in endometrial cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1280022. [PMID: 38188296 PMCID: PMC10768555 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1280022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To develop and validate multi-parametric MRI (MP-MRI)-based radiomics models for the prediction of biological characteristics in endometrial cancer (EC). Methods A total of 292 patients with EC were divided into LVSI (n = 208), DMI (n = 292), MSI (n = 95), and Her-2 (n = 198) subsets. Total 2316 radiomics features were extracted from MP-MRI (T2WI, DWI, and ADC) images, and clinical factors (age, FIGO stage, differentiation degree, pathological type, menopausal state, and irregular vaginal bleeding) were included. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), spearman's rank correlation test, univariate logistic regression, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were used to select radiomics features; univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify clinical independent risk factors. Five classifiers were applied (logistic regression, random forest, decision tree, K-nearest neighbor, and Bayes) to construct radiomics models for predicting biological characteristics. The clinical model was built based on the clinical independent risk factors. The combined model incorporating the radiomics score (radscore) and the clinical independent risk factors was constructed. The model was evaluated by ROC curve, calibration curve (H-L test), and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results In the training cohort, the RF radiomics model performed best among the five classifiers for the three subsets (MSI, LVSI, and DMI) according to AUC values (AUCMSI: 0.844; AUCLVSI: 0.952; AUCDMI: 0.840) except for Her-2 subset (Decision tree: AUC=0.714), and the combined model had higher AUC than the clinical model in each subset (MSI: AUCcombined =0.907, AUCclinical =0.755; LVSI: AUCcombined =0.959, AUCclinical =0.835; DMI: AUCcombined = 0.883, AUCclinical =0.796; Her-2: AUCcombined =0.812, AUCclinical =0.717; all P<0.05). Nevertheless, in the validation cohort, significant differences between the two models (combined vs. clinical model) were found only in the DMI and LVSI subsets (DMI: AUCcombined =0.803, AUCclinical =0.698; LVSI: AUCcombined =0.926, AUCclinical =0.796; all P<0.05). Conclusion The radiomics analysis based on MP-MRI and clinical independent risk factors can potentially predict multiple biological features of EC, including DMI, LVSI, MSI, and Her-2, and provide valuable guidance for clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjun Ma
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Medical Imaging Articial Intelligence Engineering Technology Research Center, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Medical Imaging Articial Intelligence Engineering Technology Research Center, Dalian, China
| | - Qingling Song
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Medical Imaging Articial Intelligence Engineering Technology Research Center, Dalian, China
| | - Xing Meng
- Dalian Women and Children’s Medical Group, Dalian, China
| | - Qihao Xu
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Medical Imaging Articial Intelligence Engineering Technology Research Center, Dalian, China
| | - Shifeng Tian
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Medical Imaging Articial Intelligence Engineering Technology Research Center, Dalian, China
| | - Lihua Chen
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Medical Imaging Articial Intelligence Engineering Technology Research Center, Dalian, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Medical Imaging Articial Intelligence Engineering Technology Research Center, Dalian, China
| | - Qingwei Song
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Medical Imaging Articial Intelligence Engineering Technology Research Center, Dalian, China
| | - Liangjie Lin
- Clinical & Technical Support, Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China
| | - Jiazheng Wang
- Clinical & Technical Support, Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China
| | - Ailian Liu
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Medical Imaging Articial Intelligence Engineering Technology Research Center, Dalian, China
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Suimon Y, Kase S, Kinoshita R, Ishida S. Clinicopathologic features of conjunctival MALT lymphomas refractory to radiation therapy. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2023:S0008-4182(23)00368-X. [PMID: 38101452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Clinicopathologic features of patients with limited-stage mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma refractory to radiotherapy have not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to elucidate clinicopathologic features of localized conjunctival MALT lymphoma concerning radiosensitivity by analyzing cell proliferation and expression of mismatch repair proteins. METHODS We enrolled 26 patients with localized conjunctival MALT lymphoma treated with radiotherapy from November 2007 to March 2020. Monoclonal immunoglobulin H gene rearrangement was tested in addition to histopathologic evaluation. Thirty-six specimens were immunostained with antibodies to Ki-67 and MutL protein homologue 1 (MLH1), MutS protein homologue 2 (MSH2), and MutS protein homologue 6 (MSH6). Positive rates under a high-power field at a hot spot were counted manually. RESULTS After radiotherapy, 21 patients showed clinical disappearance of the tumour without recurrence (effective group). Three patients showed temporary disappearance of the tumour, which later recurred (relapse group). Two patients did not show disappearance of the tumour (ineffective group). The 2 ineffective patients were young, had bilateral lesions, and received x-ray beam therapy. The mean positive rates of Ki-67, MLH1, MSH2, and MSH6 were higher in tumours with complete remission (CR) than in those without CR (23.4% ± 4.0% and 18.7& ± 4.7%, 14.7% ± 2.3% and 7.1% ± 3.7%, 23.9% ± 4.7% and 14.4% ± 5.2%, and 11.5% ± 3.2% and 5.4% ± 2.2%; p > 0.05 for each, respectively). CONCLUSIONS A few patients could not achieve CR following radiotherapy, whereas there were no significant differences in proliferation activity and mismatch repair proteins between tumours with and without CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Suimon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoru Kase
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Rumiko Kinoshita
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Susumu Ishida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Wu H, Ma W, Jiang C, Li N, Xu X, Ding Y, Jiang H. Heterogeneity and Adjuvant Therapeutic Approaches in MSI-H/dMMR Resectable Gastric Cancer: Emerging Trends in Immunotherapy. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:8572-8587. [PMID: 37667098 PMCID: PMC10625937 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14103-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains one of the world's most common and fatal malignant tumors. With a refined understanding of molecular typing in recent years, microsatellite instability (MSI) has become a major molecular typing approach for gastric cancer. MSI is well recognized for its important role during the immunotherapy of advanced GC. However, its value remains unclear in resectable gastric cancer. The reported incidence of microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H)/deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) in resectable gastric cancer varies widely, with no consensus reached on the value of postoperative adjuvant therapy in patients with MSI-H/dMMR resectable GC. It has been established that MSI-H/dMMR tumor cells can elicit an endogenous immune antitumor response and ubiquitously express immune checkpoint ligands such as PD-1 or PD-L1. On the basis of these considerations, MSI-H/dMMR resectable GCs are responsive to adjuvant immunotherapy, although limited research has hitherto been conducted. In this review, we comprehensively describe the differences in geographic distribution and pathological stages in patients with MSI-H/dMMR with resectable gastric cancer and explore the value of adjuvant chemotherapy and immunotherapy on MSI-H/dMMR to provide a foothold for the individualized treatment of this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Wenyuan Ma
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Congfa Jiang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ningbo Forth Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yongfeng Ding
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
| | - Haiping Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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Dong P, Du X, Yang T, Li D, Du Y, Wei Y, Sun J. PEX13 is a potential immunotherapeutic indicator and prognostic biomarker for various tumors including PAAD. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:512. [PMID: 37920431 PMCID: PMC10618920 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.14099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The peroxisome serves a significant role in the occurrence and development of cancers. Specifically, the peroxisomal biogenesis factor 13 (PEX13) is crucial to the occurrence of peroxisomes. However, the biological function of PEX13 in cancers remains unclear. To address this, various portals and databases such as The Cancer Genome Atlas Program, The Genotype-Tissue Expression project, the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2, cBioPortal, the Genomic Identification of Significant Targets In Cancer 2.0, Tumor Immune Estimation Resource 2, SangerBox, LinkedOmics, DAVID and STRING were applied to extract and analyze PEX13 data in tumors. The correlations between PEX13 and prognosis, genetic alterations, PEX13-related gene enrichment analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), protein interaction, long non-coding (lnc)RNA/circular (circ)RNA-micro (mi)RNA network and tumor immunity were explored in various tumors. The lncRNA-miRNA-PEX13 and circRNA-miRNA-PEX13 regulatory networks were identified via miRabel, miRDB, TargetScan and ENCORI portals and Cytoscape tool. In vitro assays were applied to verify the biological functions of PEX13 in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) cells. The findings revealed that PEX13 is upregulated in various tumors and high PEX13 mRNA expression is associated with poor prognosis in patients with multiple cancers. Genetic alterations in PEX13 such as amplification, mutation and deep deletion have been found in multiple cancers. PEX13-related genes were associated with T cell receptor, signaling pathway and hippo signaling pathway through 'biological process' subontology of Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses. Through WGCNA analysis, it was discovered that PEX13 hub genes were mainly enriched in the Rap1, ErbB and AMPK signaling pathways in PAAD. Immune analysis showed that PEX13 was significantly related to tumor infiltration immune cells, immune checkpoint genes, microsatellite instability, TMB and tumor purity in a variety of tumors. Cell Counting Kit-8, wound healing, Transwell and colony formation assays displayed that PEX13 knockdown could suppress PAAD cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and colony formation in vitro, respectively. Overall, PEX13 is a potential predictor of immunotherapeutic and prognostic biomarkers in various malignant tumors, including ACC, KICH, LGG, LIHC and PAAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penggang Dong
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Changzhi People's Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Xuezhi Du
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Ting Yang
- Central Laboratory, Changzhi People's Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Dandan Li
- Central Laboratory, Changzhi People's Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Yunyi Du
- Department of Oncology, Changzhi People's Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Yaqing Wei
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
| | - Jinjin Sun
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300211, P.R. China
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Abstract
PURPOSE The transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a master regulator widely involved in essential cellular functions such as DNA repair. By clarifying the upstream and downstream links of NRF2 to DNA damage repair, we hope that attention will be drawn to the utilization of NRF2 as a target for cancer therapy. METHODS Query and summarize relevant literature on the role of NRF2 in direct repair, BER, NER, MMR, HR, and NHEJ in pubmed. Make pictures of Roles of NRF2 in DNA Damage Repair and tables of antioxidant response elements (AREs) of DNA repair genes. Analyze the mutation frequency of NFE2L2 in different types of cancer using cBioPortal online tools. By using TCGA, GTEx and GO databases, analyze the correlation between NFE2L2 mutations and DNA repair systems as well as the degree of changes in DNA repair systems as malignant tumors progress. RESULTS NRF2 plays roles in maintaining the integrity of the genome by repairing DNA damage, regulating the cell cycle, and acting as an antioxidant. And, it possibly plays roles in double stranded break (DSB) pathway selection following ionizing radiation (IR) damage. Whether pathways such as RNA modification, ncRNA, and protein post-translational modification affect the regulation of NRF2 on DNA repair is still to be determined. The overall mutation frequency of the NFE2L2 gene in esophageal carcinoma, lung cancer, and penile cancer is the highest. Genes (50 of 58) that are negatively correlated with clinical staging are positively correlated with NFE2L2 mutations or NFE2L2 expression levels. CONCLUSION NRF2 participates in a variety of DNA repair pathways and plays important roles in maintaining genome stability. NRF2 is a potential target for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.
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Marino F, Totaro A, Gandi C, Bientinesi R, Moretto S, Gavi F, Pierconti F, Iacovelli R, Bassi P, Sacco E. Germline mutations in prostate cancer: a systematic review of the evidence for personalized medicine. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2023; 26:655-664. [PMID: 36434163 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-022-00609-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The goal of precision medicine in prostate cancer (PCa) is to individualize the treatment according to the patient's germline mutation status. PCa has a very high rate of genetic predisposition compared with other cancers in men, with an estimated rate of cancers ascribable to hereditary factors of 5-15%. METHODS A systematic search (PubMed, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov) of English literature from 2000 to 2022, using the keywords "prostate cancer", "germline mutations", "family history", and "inheritance" was conducted, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. RESULTS The search identified 980 publications. Of these, 200 papers were removed before screening (duplicates, non-English literature, and publication year before 2000) and 245 records were excluded after title/abstract screening. Finally, 50 articles were included in the final analysis. We analyze the latest evidence on the genetic basis of PCa predisposition and clinical implications for more personalized screening protocols and therapeutic management of this high-prevalent cancer. DISCUSSION Emerging data show that germline mutations in homologous recombination genes (BRCA1/2, ATM, CHECK2), in mismatch repair genes (MLH1, MLH2, MSH6), and other additional genes are associated with the development and aggressiveness of PCa. Germline testing and genetic counseling have increasingly important implications in cancer screening and therapeutic decisions making for patients affected by PCa. Patients with localized PCa and some gene mutations are more likely to develop aggressive cancer, so active treatment may be preferable to active surveillance for these patients. Moreover, in patients with metastatic PCa, these gene alterations may be useful biomarkers for predicting response to specific therapy such as PARP inhibitors, recently approved for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant PCa. The evidence supports recent guidelines and recommendations considering germline genetic testing for patients with a positive family history of PCa or men with high risk or metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Marino
- Urology Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Angelo Totaro
- Urology Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Gandi
- Urology Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bientinesi
- Urology Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Moretto
- Urology Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Gavi
- Urology Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Pierconti
- Anatomic Pathology and Histology Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Iacovelli
- Medical Oncology Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - PierFrancesco Bassi
- Urology Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Emilio Sacco
- Urology Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Liu J, Zhang B, Zhang Y, Zhao H, Chen X, Zhong L, Shang D. Oxidative stress and autophagy-mediated immune patterns and tumor microenvironment infiltration characterization in gastric cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:12513-12536. [PMID: 37950729 PMCID: PMC10683600 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent years have seen a sharp rise in the amount of research on the connection between oxidative stress, autophagy, and cancer cells. However, the significant functions of oxidative stress and autophagy-related genes (OARGs) in gastric cancer (GC) are yet to be investigated integrally. Therefore, it will be a new and promising concept to search for novel OARG-related biomarkers to predict the prognosis and treatment response of GC. First, we assessed changes in prognosis and tumor microenvironment (TME) characteristics across the various oxidative stress and autophagy-related modification patterns based on a detailed analysis of 17 OARGs with prognostic significance of 808 GC samples. We identified three distinct OARG alteration patterns which displayed unique biological characteristics and immune cell infiltration features. Using principal component analysis methods, the OARGscore was developed to evaluate the OARG modification patterns of certain tumors. The negative connection between OARGscore and immune cells was statistically significant. Increased survival, a higher incidence of mutations, and a better response to immunotherapy were all predicted to be related to patients' high-OARGscore. In addition, the candidate chemotherapeutic drugs were predicted using the oncoPredict program. The low-OARGscore group was predicted to benefit more from Ribociclib, Alisertib, Niraparib, Epirubicin, Olaparib, and Axitinib, while patients in the high-OARGscore group were predicted to benefit more from Afatinib, Oxaliplatin, Paclitaxel, 5-Fluorouracil, Dabrafenib and Lapatinib. Our findings offer a specific method for predicting a patient's prognosis and susceptibility to immunotherapy, as well as a promising insight of oxidative stress and autophagy in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jifeng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Biao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yunshu Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Huahui Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lei Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Dong Shang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Cheng R, Li B, Wang H, Zeng Y. Immune checkpoint inhibitors and cellular immunotherapy for advanced gastric, gastroesophageal cancer: a long pathway. Clin Transl Oncol 2023; 25:3122-3138. [PMID: 37036597 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03181-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Although the incidence rate and mortality of gastric/gastroesophageal cancer (G/GEJC) are declining globally, G/GEJC remains a health issue in East Asia. When diagnosed as advanced stage, treatment after serial lines of chemotherapy is limited, with a median overall survival of less than 1 year. Immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and cellular immunotherapy, has changed the prospects of cancer therapy by reversing immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment. As part of this review, we enumerated the clinical uses of ICIs related to the immunosuppressive signaling axis PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4/B7. ICIs were initially approved as a secondary treatment option for patients with severe pretreating advanced gastric and gastroesophageal cancer (AG/GEJC). Till now, it has become the mainstream therapy in combination with chemotherapy and targeted therapy for patients identified by biomarkers. Numerous evidence showed microsatellite instability (MSI), programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, tumor mutation burden (TMB) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status might be indicative to the use of ICIs. In addition, we discussed the current limitations and prospects of ICIs in AG/GGEJC, as well as the first clinical application of novel CAR-T cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runzi Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People's Republic of China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People's Republic of China
| | - Baizhi Li
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaiming Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongming Zeng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People's Republic of China.
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Pretta A, Ziranu P, Giampieri R, Pinna G, Randon G, Donisi C, Ravarino A, Loi F, Deias G, Palmas E, Pretta G, Morano F, Semonella F, Mariani S, Deidda MA, Pusceddu V, Puzzoni M, Lai E, Solinas C, Restivo A, Zorcolo L, Barbara R, Berardi R, Faa G, Pietrantonio F, Scartozzi M. Mismatch Repair system protein deficiency as a resistance factor for locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma patients receiving neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:1619-1624. [PMID: 37749283 PMCID: PMC10646038 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02444-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Available data on Mismatch Repair system (MMR) deficiency are conflicting and derived from small studies. Our study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic implications of MMR status in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). METHODS We retrospectively collected data from 318 patients affected by LARC treated in Italy at the Medical Oncology Units of the University Hospital of Cagliari, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori Milan, and AOU Ospedali Riuniti Ancona. All patients underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. The primary objective was major TRG while secondary objectives were pathological complete response, disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS One hundred sixty patients (148 pMMR and 12 dMMR) were included in the exploratory cohort and 158 (146 pMMR and 12 dMMR) were included in the validation cohort. A major TRG has been shown in 42.6% and 43.1% patients with pMMR in exploratory and validation cohort, respectively; while no major TRG have been shown in dMMR patients in both cohorts. Exploratory and validation cohorts showed a statistically significant higher mDFS in pMMR patients compared to dMMR: NR vs. 14 months and NR vs. 17 months, respectively. CONCLUSION Our results indicated an association between dMMR and poor response to preoperative chemoradiotherapy and they represent a hypothesis-generating data for new neoadjuvant strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pretta
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Pina Ziranu
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Riccardo Giampieri
- Medical Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giovanna Pinna
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Randon
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Clelia Donisi
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alberto Ravarino
- UOC Anatomia Patologica, AOU Cagliari, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesco Loi
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giulia Deias
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Enrico Palmas
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gianluca Pretta
- Science Department, King's School Hove, Hangleton Way, Hangleton, East Sussex, BN3 8BN, UK
| | - Federica Morano
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Semonella
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Stefano Mariani
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Valeria Pusceddu
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marco Puzzoni
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Eleonora Lai
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Cinzia Solinas
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Angelo Restivo
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Luigi Zorcolo
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Raffaele Barbara
- UOC Radioterapia Oncologica, Azienda Ospedaliera "Brotzu", Cagliari, Italy
| | - Rossana Berardi
- Medical Oncology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gavino Faa
- UOC Anatomia Patologica, AOU Cagliari, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Filippo Pietrantonio
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Mario Scartozzi
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Watanabe T, Soeda S, Okoshi C, Fukuda T, Yasuda S, Fujimori K. Landscape of somatic mutated genes and inherited susceptibility genes in gynecological cancer. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2023; 49:2629-2643. [PMID: 37632362 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, gynecological cancers have been classified based on histology. Since remarkable advancements in next-generation sequencing technology have enabled the exploration of somatic mutations in various cancer types, comprehensive sequencing efforts have revealed the genomic landscapes of some common forms of human cancer. The genomic features of various gynecological malignancies have been reported by several studies of large-scale genomic cohorts, including The Cancer Genome Atlas. Although recent comprehensive genomic profiling tests, which can detect hundreds of genetic mutations at a time from cancer tissues or blood samples, have been increasingly used as diagnostic clinical biomarkers and in therapeutic management decisions, germline pathogenic variants associated with hereditary cancers can also be detected using this test. Gynecological cancers are closely related to genetic factors, with approximately 5% of endometrial cancer cases and 20% of ovarian cancer cases being caused by germline pathogenic variants. Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome and Lynch syndrome are the two major cancer susceptibility syndromes among gynecological cancers. In addition, several other hereditary syndromes have been reported to be associated with gynecological cancers. In this review, we highlight the genes for somatic mutation and germline pathogenic variants commonly seen in gynecological cancers. We first describe the relationship between clinicopathological attributes and somatic mutated genes. Subsequently, we discuss the characteristics and clinical management of inherited cancer syndromes resulting from pathogenic germline variants in gynecological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Watanabe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shu Soeda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Chihiro Okoshi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Toma Fukuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shun Yasuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Keiya Fujimori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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Sun A, Cai F, Xiong Q, Xie T, Li X, Xie Y, Luo R, Hu W, Zhong F, Wang S. Comprehensive pan-cancer investigation: unraveling the oncogenic, prognostic, and immunological significance of Abelson interactor family member 3 gene in human malignancies. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1277830. [PMID: 37942289 PMCID: PMC10628744 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1277830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Abelson interactor Family Member 3 (ABI3) encodes protein that not only suppresses the ectopic metastasis of tumor cells but also hinders their migration. Although ABI3 had been found to modulate the advancement of diverse neoplasms, there is no comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of its effects. Methods: The transcriptomics data of neoplasm and normal tissues were retrieved from the Genomic Data Commons (GDC) data portal, and UCSC XENA database. To gather protein information for ABI3, Human Protein Atlas (HPA) and GeneMANIA websites were utilized. Additionally, Tumor Immune Single-cell Hub (TISCH) database was consulted to determine the primary cell types expressing ABI3 in cancer microenvironments. Univariate Cox regression approach was leveraged to evaluate ABI3's prognostic role across cancers. The Cbioportal and Gene Set Cancer Analysis (GSCA) website were leveraged to scrutinize the genomic landscape information across cancers. TIMER2.0 was leveraged to probe the immune cell infiltrations associated with ABI3 across cancers. The associations of ABI3 with immune-related genes were analyzed through Spearman correlation method. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) were utilized to search associated biological pathways. The CellMiner database and molecular docking were implemented to identify potential interactions between the ABI3 protein and specific anticarcinogen. Findings: ABI3 expression and its ability to predict prognosis varied distinct tumor, with particularly high expression observed in Tprolif cells and monocytes/macrophages. Copy number variation (CNV) and methylation negatively correlated with ABI3 expression in the majority of malignancies. Corresponding mutation survival analysis indicated that the mutation status of ABI3 was strongly connected to the prognosis of LGG patients. ABI3 expression was linked to immunotherapeutic biomarkers and response in cancers. ESTIMATE and immune infiltrations analyses presented ABI3 association with immunosuppression. ABI3 was significantly correlated with immunoregulators and immune-related pathways. Lastly, prospective ABI3-targeted drugs were filtered and docked to ABI3 protein. Interpretation: Our study reveals that ABI3 acts as a robust tumor biomarker. Its functions are vital that could inhibit ectopic metastasis of tumor cells and modulate cellular adhesion and migration. The discoveries presented here may have noteworthy consequences for the creation of fresh anticancer suppressors, especially those targeting BRCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijun Sun
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Oncological Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengze Cai
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingping Xiong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Regional Resource Exploitation and Medicinal Research, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tong Xie
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanteng Xie
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ruiyang Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Regional Resource Exploitation and Medicinal Research, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenwen Hu
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Fei Zhong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Huaian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiyan Wang
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China
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Wang T, Ji M, Liu W, Sun J. Development and validation of a novel DNA damage repair-related long non-coding RNA signature in predicting prognosis, immunity, and drug sensitivity in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:4944-4959. [PMID: 37876625 PMCID: PMC10590872 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background DNA damage response (DDR) confer resistance to chemoradiotherapy in cancer cells. However, the role of DDR-related lncRNAs (DRLs) in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) is poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to identify a DRL-related prognostic signature that could guide the clinical treatment of UCEC. Methods We extracted transcriptome and clinical data of patients with UCEC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and identified DRLs using Spearman correlation analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were used to determine candidate prognostic DRLs. The samples were randomly divided into training and test cohorts in a 1:1 ratio. A DRL-related risk signature was constructed from the training cohort data using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm, and validated using the test and entire cohorts. Subsequently, a prognostic nomogram was developed using a multivariate Cox regression analysis. The functional annotation, immune microenvironment, tumor mutation burden (TMB), immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) efficacy, and drug sensitivity were also comprehensively analyzed between different risk groups. Finally, the function of AC019069.1 was validated in vitro. Results A novel risk signature was developed based on nine DRLs. The risk score efficiently predicted the prognosis of patients with UCEC. Based on the median risk score, two subgroups were identified. The DDR-related pathways were upregulated in the high-risk group. Additionally, high-risk patients have low immune activity, poor response to ICB, and weak sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents, possibly because of the proficient DDR system. Finally, we demonstrated AC019069.1 could promote cell proliferation, decrease apoptosis and maintain genome stability of UCEC cells. Conclusions The developed DRL-related signature can predict the prognosis, immune microenvironment, immunotherapy, and chemoradiotherapy responsiveness of UCEC. Our study also revealed the potential value of DDR-targeted therapy in treating high-risk patients with UCEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Mei Ji
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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Zhong X, He Z, Fan Y, Yin L, Hong Z, Tong Y, Bi Q, Zhu S. Multi-omics analysis of MRPL-13 as a tumor-promoting marker from pan-cancer to lung adenocarcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:10640-10680. [PMID: 37827692 PMCID: PMC10599762 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a member of the mitochondrial ribosomal protein family, mitochondrial ribosomal protein L13 (MRPL13) is responsible for synthesizing mitochondrial proteins in cells. Several studies have indicated that MRPL13 is associated with the proliferation cycle, migration ability, apoptosis and autophagy of cancer cells. However, a thorough examination of MRPL13 across cancers remains uncertain. Therefore, we tried to clarify the relationship between MRPL13 and pan-cancer, and verified it in lung adenocarcinoma by various methods. Finally, our research is expected to reveal new targets for pan-cancer treatment and improve the prognosis of cancer patients. METHODS Using bioinformatics tools, we quantified the differential expression of MRPL13 between cancer tissues and corresponding or noncorresponding normal tissues across cancers. We also analyzed the relationships between MRPL13 expression levels and several factors, including diagnosis, prognosis, mutation, functional signaling pathways, immune infiltration, RNA modification, and the relationship with cuproptosis-related genes. Furthermore, we studied the relationship between the expression level of MRPL13 across cancers and the change in cancer functional status through single-cell data. In addition, quantitative experiments (PCR and Western blot) proved that the expression of MRPL13 was significantly different between LUAD and control samples. Finally, the effect of knocking out MRPL13 on cancer cells was compared by gene silencing experiments. In summary, we used a combination of bioinformatics and experimental applications to study the potential roles of MRPL13 in cancer. RESULTS After conducting a multidimensional analysis, we found that the application of MRPL13 multigroup analysis can effectively improve the diagnostic efficiency of various cancers and predict the prognosis of cancer. Moreover, MRPL13 in pan-cancer is related to the cancer immune infiltration pattern, methylation level and cuproptosis-related genes. Furthermore, single-cell data analysis showed that the modules of metastasis, EMT, cell cycle, DNA repair, invasion, DNA damage and proliferation were positively correlated with the expression of MRPL13 in LUAD (Lung adenocarcinoma), while the modules of hypoxia and inflammation were negatively correlated. Moreover, through quantitative experiments, we observed higher expression of MRPL13 in cancer tissues at the RNA or protein level. Knockdown of MRPL13 in LUAD led to decreased cancer cell survival, delayed tumor division and migration, reduced invasion, and increased cancer cell apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates the potential of using MRPL13 as a molecular biomarker for diagnosing and suggesting the prognosis of certain malignant tumors. Furthermore, our research shows that MRPL13 may be an effective therapeutic target for lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xugang Zhong
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Cancer Center, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zeju He
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Fan
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Yin
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zheping Hong
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Tong
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qing Bi
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Cancer Center, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Senbo Zhu
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Walker R, Mahmood K, Como J, Clendenning M, Joo JE, Georgeson P, Joseland S, Preston SG, Pope BJ, Chan JM, Austin R, Bojadzieva J, Campbell A, Edwards E, Gleeson M, Goodwin A, Harris MT, Ip E, Kirk J, Mansour J, Mar Fan H, Nichols C, Pachter N, Ragunathan A, Spigelman A, Susman R, Christie M, Jenkins MA, Pai RK, Rosty C, Macrae FA, Winship IM, Buchanan DD. DNA Mismatch Repair Gene Variant Classification: Evaluating the Utility of Somatic Mutations and Mismatch Repair Deficient Colonic Crypts and Endometrial Glands. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4925. [PMID: 37894291 PMCID: PMC10605939 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Germline pathogenic variants in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes (Lynch syndrome) predispose to colorectal (CRC) and endometrial (EC) cancer. Lynch syndrome specific tumor features were evaluated for their ability to support the ACMG/InSiGHT framework in classifying variants of uncertain clinical significance (VUS) in the MMR genes. Twenty-eight CRC or EC tumors from 25 VUS carriers (6xMLH1, 9xMSH2, 6xMSH6, 4xPMS2), underwent targeted tumor sequencing for the presence of microsatellite instability/MMR-deficiency (MSI-H/dMMR) status and identification of a somatic MMR mutation (second hit). Immunohistochemical testing for the presence of dMMR crypts/glands in normal tissue was also performed. The ACMG/InSiGHT framework reclassified 7/25 (28%) VUS to likely pathogenic (LP), three (12%) to benign/likely benign, and 15 (60%) VUS remained unchanged. For the seven re-classified LP variants comprising nine tumors, tumor sequencing confirmed MSI-H/dMMR (8/9, 88.9%) and a second hit (7/9, 77.8%). Of these LP reclassified variants where normal tissue was available, the presence of a dMMR crypt/gland was found in 2/4 (50%). Furthermore, a dMMR endometrial gland in a carrier of an MSH2 exon 1-6 duplication provides further support for an upgrade of this VUS to LP. Our study confirmed that identifying these Lynch syndrome features can improve MMR variant classification, enabling optimal clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romy Walker
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.M.); (J.C.); (M.C.); (J.E.J.); (P.G.); (S.J.); (S.G.P.); (B.J.P.); (D.D.B.)
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;
| | - Khalid Mahmood
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.M.); (J.C.); (M.C.); (J.E.J.); (P.G.); (S.J.); (S.G.P.); (B.J.P.); (D.D.B.)
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;
- Melbourne Bioinformatics, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Julia Como
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.M.); (J.C.); (M.C.); (J.E.J.); (P.G.); (S.J.); (S.G.P.); (B.J.P.); (D.D.B.)
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;
| | - Mark Clendenning
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.M.); (J.C.); (M.C.); (J.E.J.); (P.G.); (S.J.); (S.G.P.); (B.J.P.); (D.D.B.)
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;
| | - Jihoon E. Joo
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.M.); (J.C.); (M.C.); (J.E.J.); (P.G.); (S.J.); (S.G.P.); (B.J.P.); (D.D.B.)
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;
| | - Peter Georgeson
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.M.); (J.C.); (M.C.); (J.E.J.); (P.G.); (S.J.); (S.G.P.); (B.J.P.); (D.D.B.)
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;
| | - Sharelle Joseland
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.M.); (J.C.); (M.C.); (J.E.J.); (P.G.); (S.J.); (S.G.P.); (B.J.P.); (D.D.B.)
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;
| | - Susan G. Preston
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.M.); (J.C.); (M.C.); (J.E.J.); (P.G.); (S.J.); (S.G.P.); (B.J.P.); (D.D.B.)
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;
| | - Bernard J. Pope
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.M.); (J.C.); (M.C.); (J.E.J.); (P.G.); (S.J.); (S.G.P.); (B.J.P.); (D.D.B.)
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;
- Melbourne Bioinformatics, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - James M. Chan
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.M.); (J.C.); (M.C.); (J.E.J.); (P.G.); (S.J.); (S.G.P.); (B.J.P.); (D.D.B.)
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;
| | - Rachel Austin
- Genetic Health Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; (R.A.); (H.M.F.)
| | - Jasmina Bojadzieva
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC 3084, Australia; (J.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Ainsley Campbell
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC 3084, Australia; (J.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Emma Edwards
- Familial Cancer Service, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia;
| | - Margaret Gleeson
- Hunter Family Cancer Service, Newcastle, NSW 2298, Australia; (M.G.); (J.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Annabel Goodwin
- Cancer Genetics Department, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; (A.G.); (A.S.)
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Marion T. Harris
- Monash Health Familial Cancer Centre, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia;
| | - Emilia Ip
- Cancer Genetics Service, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia;
| | - Judy Kirk
- Hunter Family Cancer Service, Newcastle, NSW 2298, Australia; (M.G.); (J.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Julia Mansour
- Tasmanian Clinical Genetics Service, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia;
| | - Helen Mar Fan
- Genetic Health Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; (R.A.); (H.M.F.)
| | - Cassandra Nichols
- Genetic Services of Western Australia, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, WA 6008, Australia; (C.N.); (N.P.)
| | - Nicholas Pachter
- Genetic Services of Western Australia, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, WA 6008, Australia; (C.N.); (N.P.)
- Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- School of Medicine, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Abiramy Ragunathan
- Hunter Family Cancer Service, Newcastle, NSW 2298, Australia; (M.G.); (J.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Allan Spigelman
- Cancer Genetics Department, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia; (A.G.); (A.S.)
- St Vincent’s Cancer Genetics Unit, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- Surgical Professorial Unit, UNSW Clinical School of Clinical Medicine, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Rachel Susman
- Genetic Health Queensland, Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; (R.A.); (H.M.F.)
| | - Michael Christie
- Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia;
- Department of Pathology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Mark A. Jenkins
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Rish K. Pai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA;
| | - Christophe Rosty
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.M.); (J.C.); (M.C.); (J.E.J.); (P.G.); (S.J.); (S.G.P.); (B.J.P.); (D.D.B.)
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;
- Envoi Specialist Pathologists, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Finlay A. Macrae
- Genomic Medicine and Familial Cancer Centre, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; (F.A.M.); (I.M.W.)
- Colorectal Medicine and Genetics, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Ingrid M. Winship
- Genomic Medicine and Familial Cancer Centre, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; (F.A.M.); (I.M.W.)
- Department of Medicine, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Daniel D. Buchanan
- Colorectal Oncogenomics Group, Department of Clinical Pathology, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; (K.M.); (J.C.); (M.C.); (J.E.J.); (P.G.); (S.J.); (S.G.P.); (B.J.P.); (D.D.B.)
- University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;
- Genomic Medicine and Familial Cancer Centre, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; (F.A.M.); (I.M.W.)
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Bhamidipati D, Subbiah V. Tumor-agnostic drug development in dMMR/MSI-H solid tumors. Trends Cancer 2023; 9:828-839. [PMID: 37517955 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) or microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) represents a distinct phenotype among solid tumors characterized by frequent frameshift mutations resulting in the generation of neoantigens that are highly immunogenic. Seminal studies identified that dMMR/MSI-H tumors are exquisitely sensitive to immune checkpoint inhibitors, which has dramatically improved outcomes for patients harboring dMMR/MSI-H tumors. Nevertheless, many patients develop resistance to single-agent immune checkpoint blockade, prompting the need for improved therapeutic options for this patient population. In this review, we highlight key studies examining the efficacy of PD1 inhibitors in the metastatic and neoadjuvant setting for patients with dMMR/MSI-H tumors, describe resistance mechanisms to immune checkpoint blockade, and discuss novel treatment approaches that are currently under investigation for dMMR/MSI-H tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Bhamidipati
- Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vivek Subbiah
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN, USA.
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50
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Meloti-Fiorio L, Silva-Sinara-Alves I, Rohor-de-Souza F, Grassi-Bautz W, Silva-Souza-Ribeiro F, Pinto-Nogueira-da-Gama L, Nogueira-da-Gama-de-Souza L. Perivascular mast cells and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, laminin-332 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in human colorectal neoplasms. REVISTA DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA DE MEXICO (ENGLISH) 2023; 88:361-368. [PMID: 35810100 DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmxen.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide, and significantly contributes to cancer-related deaths. Most cases arise from adenomatous polyps. Biomarkers currently play an important role in tumor progression. Our aim was to identify perivascular mast cells and analyze the expression of laminin-332, MMP-9, and VEGF in cases of adenoma and CRC in humans. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients were selected at the Coloproctology Service and samples were obtained through biopsies. Adenoma and CRC slides were examined, utilizing immunohistochemistry to detect molecules, and were processed, using 1% Alcian Blue (pH 0.5) for mast cell staining. RESULTS Higher density of perivascular mast cells was observed in adenomas. Laminin-332 expression revealed basement membrane discontinuity associated with tumor invasion in CRC. MMP-9 immunostaining in adenoma was detected in glandular epithelium and lining epithelium, in areas close to the basement membrane, whereas in CRC, the enzyme was found in the cytoplasm of invasive clusters. VEGF expression was associated with cell atypia in adenoma and in areas of disorganization of the epithelium-connective tissue interface in CRC. VEGF has also been detected in endothelial cells from microvessels. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated the different patterns of perivascular mast cells and molecular expression in colorectal neoplasms. Those analyses favor the recognition of the predisposition to the disease, or its early stage, and have the potential to define the molecular profile of the lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Meloti-Fiorio
- Escuela de Medicina, Centro de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Federal del Espíritu Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - I Silva-Sinara-Alves
- Escuela de Medicina, Centro de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Federal del Espíritu Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - F Rohor-de-Souza
- Escuela de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Centro de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Federal del Espíritu Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - W Grassi-Bautz
- Departamento de Morfología, Centro de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Federal del Espíritu Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - F Silva-Souza-Ribeiro
- PAT Laboratorio de Medicina, Universidad Federal del Espíritu Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | | | - L Nogueira-da-Gama-de-Souza
- Departamento de Morfología, Centro de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Federal del Espíritu Santo, Vitória, Brazil.
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