1
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Matthews RM, Bradley E, Griffin CS, Lim XR, Mullins ND, Hollywood MA, Lundy FT, McGarvey LP, Sergeant GP, Thornbury KD. Functional expression of Na V1.7 channels in freshly dispersed mouse bronchial smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C749-C762. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00011.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Isolated smooth muscle cells (SMC) from mouse bronchus were studied using the whole-cell patch clamp technique at ~21oC. Stepping from -100 mV to -20 mV evoked inward currents of mean amplitude -275 pA. These inactivated (tau=1.1 ms) and were abolished when external Na+ was substituted with N-Methyl-D-glucamine. In current-voltage protocols, current peaked at -10 mV and reversed between +20 and +30 mV. The V1/2s of activation and inactivation were -25 & -86 mV, respectively. The current was highly sensitive to tetrodotoxin (IC50=1.5 nM) and the NaV1.7 subtype selective blocker, PF-05089771 (IC50=8.6 nM), consistent with NaV1.7 as the underlying pore-forming a subunit. Two NaV1.7-selective antibodies caused membrane-delineated staining of isolated SMC, as did a non-selective pan-NaVantibody. RT-PCR, performed on groups of ~15 isolated SMC, revealed transcripts for NaV1.7 in 7/8 samples. Veratridine (30 mM), a non-selective NaV channel activator, reduced peak current evoked by depolarization but induced a sustained current of 40 pA. Both effects were reversed by tetrodotoxin (100 nM). In tension experiments veratridine (10 mM) induced contractions that were entirely blocked by atropine (1 mM). However, in the presence of atropine, veratridine was able to modulate the pattern of activity induced by a combination of U-46619 (a thromboxane A2 mimetic) & PGE2(prostaglandin E2), by eliminating bursts in favour of sustained phasic contractions. These effects were readily reversed to control-like activity by tetrodotoxin (100 nM). In conclusion, mouse bronchial SMC functionally express NaV1.7 channels that are capable of modulating contractile activity, at least under experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth M. Matthews
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, County Louth, Ireland
| | - Eamonn Bradley
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, County Louth, Ireland
| | - Caoimhin S. Griffin
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, County Louth, Ireland
| | - Xin Rui Lim
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, County Louth, Ireland
| | - Nicolas D. Mullins
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, County Louth, Ireland
| | - Mark A. Hollywood
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, County Louth, Ireland
| | - Fionnuala T. Lundy
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, County Louth, Ireland
| | - Lorcan P. McGarvey
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, County Louth, Ireland
| | - Gerard P. Sergeant
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, County Louth, Ireland
| | - Keith D. Thornbury
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, County Louth, Ireland
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2
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Chen Y, Gao P, Huang L, Tan X, Zhou N, Yang T, Qiu H, Dai X, Michael S, Tu Q, Huang N, Guo Z, Zhou J, Yang Z, Wu H. A tough nitric oxide-eluting hydrogel coating suppresses neointimal hyperplasia on vascular stent. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7079. [PMID: 34873173 PMCID: PMC8648853 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27368-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular stent is viewed as one of the greatest advancements in interventional cardiology. However, current approved stents suffer from in-stent restenosis associated with neointimal hyperplasia or stent thrombosis. Herein, we develop a nitric oxide-eluting (NOE) hydrogel coating for vascular stents inspired by the biological functions of nitric oxide for cardiovascular system. Our NOE hydrogel is mechanically tough and could selectively facilitate the adhesion of endothelial cells. Besides, it is non-thrombotic and capable of inhibiting smooth muscle cells. Transcriptome analysis unravels the NOE hydrogel could modulate the inflammatory response and induce the relaxation of smooth muscle cells. In vivo study further demonstrates vascular stents coated with it promote rapid restoration of native endothelium, and persistently suppress inflammation and neointimal hyperplasia in both leporine and swine models. We expect such NOE hydrogel will open an avenue to the surface engineering of vascular implants for better clinical outcomes. Neointimal hyperplasia and stent thrombosis remain issues with vascular stents. Here, the authors report on the development of a nitric oxide releasing hydrogel which allows for endothelialisation of the stent surface and prevents smooth muscle cell growth reducing hyperplasia and thrombosis in in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.,Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Lu Huang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Xing Tan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Ningling Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Tong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Hua Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Xin Dai
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sean Michael
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiufen Tu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Nan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Zhihong Guo
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianhua Zhou
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China. .,Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Zhilu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
| | - Hongkai Wu
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
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3
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Karaki SI, Tanaka R. Role of PGE 2 in colonic motility: PGE 2 attenuates spontaneous contractions of circular smooth muscle via EP 4 receptors in the rat colon. J Physiol Sci 2021; 71:8. [PMID: 33622238 PMCID: PMC10717948 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-021-00791-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Colonic motor activity is important for the formation and propulsion of feces. The production of prostaglandins (PGs) in colonic tissue is considered to play a critical role in the generation and regulation of colonic motility. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of PGE2 and selective agonists of four EP receptors on the spontaneous phasic contractions, called 'giant contractions' (GCs), of mucosa-free circular smooth muscle strips from the rat middle colon. Neural blockade with tetrodotoxin (TTX) increased the frequency and amplitude of the GCs by about twofold. However, inhibiting PG production with piroxicam reduced the GC frequency in the presence of TTX, but did not affect the GC amplitude. In the presence of both TTX and piroxicam, exogenous PGE2 and each EP receptor agonist were cumulatively added to the tissue bath. In this setting, PGE2, the EP2 agonist ONO-AE1-259, and the EP4 agonist ONO-AE1-329, but not the EP1 agonist ONO-AE-DI-004 or the EP3 agonist ONO-AE-248, concentration-dependently reduced the GC frequency and amplitude. The PGE2-induced inhibition of GC frequency and amplitude was inhibited by the EP4 antagonist ONO-AE3-208, but not by the EP1/2 antagonist AH6809. Immunohistochemistry revealed the EP2 and EP4 receptors were localized in perinuclear sites in circular smooth muscle cells. EP2 immunoreactivity was also located in GFAP-immunoreactive enteroglia, whereas EP4 immunoreactivity was also located in HU (embryonic lethal, abnormal vision [ELAV] protein; a marker of all myenteric neurons)-immunoreactive myenteric nerve cell bodies. These results suggest that the PGs produced in the colonic tissue inhibit the GC frequency and amplitude of circular muscle in the rat middle colon, and is mediated by EP4 receptors expressed in the smooth muscle cells.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Carbachol/pharmacology
- Cholinergic Agonists/pharmacology
- Colon/drug effects
- Colon/physiology
- Dinoprostone/pharmacology
- Gastrointestinal Motility/physiology
- Immunohistochemistry
- Male
- Muscle, Smooth/drug effects
- Piroxicam/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP1 Subtype
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP2 Subtype/agonists
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP2 Subtype/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP2 Subtype/metabolism
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP3 Subtype
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/agonists
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype/metabolism
- Sodium Channel Blockers/pharmacology
- Tetrodotoxin/pharmacology
- Zebrafish Proteins
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ichiro Karaki
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Environmental Life Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
| | - Ryo Tanaka
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Environmental Life Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan
- Testing and Research Laboratories, HAMRI Co., Ltd., 2654-3 Osaki, Koga, Ibaraki, 306-0101, Japan
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4
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Heeney A, Rogers AC, Mohan H, Mc Dermott F, Baird AW, Winter DC. Prostaglandin E 2 receptors and their role in gastrointestinal motility - Potential therapeutic targets. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2020; 152:106499. [PMID: 33035691 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2020.106499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is found throughout the gastrointestinal tract in a diverse variety of functions and roles. The recent discovery of four PGE2 receptor subtypes in intestinal muscle layers as well as in the enteric plexus has led to much interest in the study of their roles in gut motility. Gut dysmotility has been implicated in functional disease processes including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and slow transit constipation, and lubiprostone, a PGE2 derivative, has recently been licensed to treat both conditions. The diversity of actions of PGE2 in the intestinal tract is attributed to its differing effects on its downstream receptor types, as well as their varied distribution in the gut, in both health and disease. This review aims to identify the role and distribution of PGE2 receptors in the intestinal tract, and aims to elucidate their distinct role in gut motor function, with a specific focus on functional intestinal pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Heeney
- Department of Physiology, College of Life Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Surgery, St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - A C Rogers
- Department of Physiology, College of Life Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Surgery, St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - H Mohan
- Department of Physiology, College of Life Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Surgery, St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - F Mc Dermott
- Department of Physiology, College of Life Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A W Baird
- Department of Physiology, College of Life Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D C Winter
- Institute for Clinical Outcomes, Research and Education (ICORE), St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland; Department of Surgery, St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland
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5
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Leuti A, Fazio D, Fava M, Piccoli A, Oddi S, Maccarrone M. Bioactive lipids, inflammation and chronic diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 159:133-169. [PMID: 32628989 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous bioactive lipids are part of a complex network that modulates a plethora of cellular and molecular processes involved in health and disease, of which inflammation represents one of the most prominent examples. Inflammation serves as a well-conserved defence mechanism, triggered in the event of chemical, mechanical or microbial damage, that is meant to eradicate the source of damage and restore tissue function. However, excessive inflammatory signals, or impairment of pro-resolving/anti-inflammatory pathways leads to chronic inflammation, which is a hallmark of chronic pathologies. All main classes of endogenous bioactive lipids - namely eicosanoids, specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators, lysoglycerophopsholipids and endocannabinoids - have been consistently involved in the chronic inflammation that characterises pathologies such as cancer, diabetes, atherosclerosis, asthma, as well as autoimmune and neurodegenerative disorders and inflammatory bowel diseases. This review gathers the current knowledge concerning the involvement of endogenous bioactive lipids in the pathogenic processes of chronic inflammatory pathologies.
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6
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Mizoguchi S, Wolf-Johnson AS, Ni J, Mori K, Suzuki T, Takaoka E, Mimata H, DeFranco DB, Wang Z, Birder LA, Yoshimura N. The role of prostaglandin and E series prostaglandin receptor type 4 receptors in the development of bladder overactivity in a rat model of chemically induced prostatic inflammation. BJU Int 2019; 124:883-891. [PMID: 31166645 DOI: 10.1111/bju.14845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate, using a rat model of non-bacterial prostatic inflammation, the prostaglandin production and expression profiles of E-series prostaglandin (EP) receptor subtypes, which are reportedly implicated in the development of overactive bladder, in the bladder mucosa, and to investigate the effect of EP receptor type 4 (EP4) blockade on bladder overactivity after prostatic inflammation. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Prostatic inflammation was induced by formalin injection (5%; 50 μL per lobe) into the bilateral ventral lobes of the prostate. At 10 days after induction of prostatic inflammation or vehicle injection, bladder tissues from the deeply anaesthetized rats were harvested and separated into mucosal and detrusor layers. Then, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentrations and protein levels of PGE2 receptors (EP1-4) in the bladder mucosa and detrusor were measured by ELISA and Western blotting, respectively. In separate groups of control and formalin-treated rats, awake cystometry was performed to evaluate the changes in bladder activity after prostatic inflammation. In addition, the effect of intravesical administration of a selective EP4 antagonist (ONO-AE3-208; 30 μm) on bladder activity was evaluated in control rats and rats with prostatic inflammation. RESULTS PGE2 concentration and protein levels of EP4, but not other EP receptor subtypes, in the bladder mucosa and detrusor layers were significantly increased in formalin-injected rats vs vehicle-injected control rats. In cystometry, rats with prostatic inflammation exhibited a significant decrease in intercontraction intervals (ICIs) compared with control rats. Intravesical application of ONO-AE3-208 (30 μm), but not vehicle application, significantly increased ICIs in rats with prostatic inflammation, whereas ONO-AE3-208 at this concentration did not significantly affect any cystometric values in control rats. CONCLUSIONS Because intravesical administration of an EP4 antagonist effectively improved bladder overactivity after prostatic inflammation, EP4 activation, along with increased PGE2 production in the bladder mucosa, seems to be an important contributing factor to bladder overactivity induced by prostatic inflammation. Thus, blockade of EP4 in the bladder could be a therapeutic approach to male lower urinary tract symptoms attributable to benign prostatic hyperplasia with prostatic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Mizoguchi
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Urology, Oita University Graduate School of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - Amanda S Wolf-Johnson
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jianshu Ni
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kenichi Mori
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Urology, Oita University Graduate School of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - Takahisa Suzuki
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Eiichiro Takaoka
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hiromitsu Mimata
- Department of Urology, Oita University Graduate School of Medicine, Yufu, Japan
| | - Donald B DeFranco
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zhou Wang
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lori A Birder
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Naoki Yoshimura
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Yang Y, Wang S, Kobayashi K, Hao Y, Kanda H, Kondo T, Kogure Y, Yamanaka H, Yamamoto S, Li J, Miwa H, Noguchi K, Dai Y. TRPA1-expressing lamina propria mesenchymal cells regulate colonic motility. JCI Insight 2019; 4:122402. [PMID: 31045572 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.122402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The physiological process of defecation is directly controlled by colorectal motility. The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel is expressed in small intestine enterochromaffin cells and is involved in gastrointestinal motility via serotonin release. In the colorectum, however, enterochromaffin cell localization is largely distinct from that in the small intestine. Here, we investigated the role of lower gastrointestinal tract TRPA1 in modulating colorectal motility. We found that in colonic tissue, TRPA1 is predominantly expressed in mesenchymal cells of the lamina propria, which are clearly distinct from those in the small intestine. These cells coexpressed COX1 and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1. Intracolonic administration of TRPA1 agonists induced colonic contraction, which was suppressed by a prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) receptor 1 antagonist. TRPA1 activation induced calcium influx and PGE2 release from cultured human fibroblastic cells. In dextran sulfate sodium-treated animals, both TRPA1 and its endogenous agonist were dramatically increased in the colonic lamina propria, accompanied by abnormal colorectal contractions. Abnormal colorectal contractions were significantly prevented by pharmacological and genetic inhibition of TRPA1. In conclusion, in the lower gastrointestinal tract, mesenchymal TRPA1 activation results in PGE2 release and consequently promotes colorectal contraction, representing what we believe is a novel physiological and inflammatory bowel disease-associated mechanism of gastrointestinal motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjing Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences (HUHS), Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.,Traditional Medicine Research Center, Chinese Medicine Confucius Institute at Hyogo College of Medicine (CMCIHCM), Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hyogo College of Medicine (HCM), Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Shenglan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences (HUHS), Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.,Traditional Medicine Research Center, Chinese Medicine Confucius Institute at Hyogo College of Medicine (CMCIHCM), Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.,School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (BUCM), Beijing, China
| | - Kimiko Kobayashi
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hyogo College of Medicine (HCM), Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yongbiao Hao
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences (HUHS), Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, HCM, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hirosato Kanda
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences (HUHS), Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.,Traditional Medicine Research Center, Chinese Medicine Confucius Institute at Hyogo College of Medicine (CMCIHCM), Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hyogo College of Medicine (HCM), Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kondo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, HCM, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yoko Kogure
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences (HUHS), Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamanaka
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hyogo College of Medicine (HCM), Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences (HUHS), Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Junxiang Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dongfang Hospital of BUCM, Beijing, China
| | - Hiroto Miwa
- Traditional Medicine Research Center, Chinese Medicine Confucius Institute at Hyogo College of Medicine (CMCIHCM), Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, HCM, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Koichi Noguchi
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hyogo College of Medicine (HCM), Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yi Dai
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hyogo University of Health Sciences (HUHS), Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.,Traditional Medicine Research Center, Chinese Medicine Confucius Institute at Hyogo College of Medicine (CMCIHCM), Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hyogo College of Medicine (HCM), Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
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8
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Wallace JL. Eicosanoids in the gastrointestinal tract. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:1000-1008. [PMID: 29485681 PMCID: PMC6451073 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Eicosanoids play important roles in modulating inflammation throughout the body. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract, in part because of its intimate relationship with the gut microbiota, is in a constant state of low-grade inflammation. Eicosanoids like PGs, lipoxins and leukotrienes play essential roles in maintenance of mucosal integrity. On the other hand, in some circumstances, these mediators can become major drivers of inflammatory processes when the lining of the GI tract is breached. Drugs such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories, by altering the production of various eicosanoids, can dramatically impact the ability of the GI tract to respond appropriately to injury. Disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease appear to be driven in part by altered production of eicosanoids. Several classes of drugs have been developed that target eicosanoids. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Eicosanoids 35 years from the 1982 Nobel: where are we now? To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.8/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Wallace
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABT2N 4N1Canada
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9
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Anti-inflammatory Effects of Enhanced Recovery Programs on Early-Stage Colorectal Cancer Surgery. World J Surg 2018; 42:953-964. [PMID: 28983734 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-017-4266-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative ileus (POI) is observed in 20-30% of patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery, despite enhanced recovery programs (ERPs). Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 is identified as a key enzyme in POI, but other arachidonic acid pathway enzymes have received little attention despite their potential as selective targets to prevent POI. The objectives were to compare the expression of arachidonic acid metabolism (AAM) enzymes (1) between patients who underwent colorectal cancer surgery and followed an ERP or not (NERP), (2) and between ERP patients who experimented POI or not and (3) to determine the ability of antagonists of these pathways to modulate contractile activity of colonic muscle. METHODS This was a translational study. Main outcome measures were gastrointestinal motility recovery data, mRNA expressions of key enzymes involved in AAM (RT-qPCR) and ex vivo motility values of the circular colon muscle. Twenty-eight prospectively included ERP patients were compared to eleven retrospectively included NERP patients that underwent colorectal cancer surgery. RESULTS ERP reduced colonic mucosal COX-2, microsomal prostaglandin E synthase (mPGES1) and hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase (HPGDS) mRNA expression. mPGES1 and HPGDS mRNA expression were significantly associated with ERP compliance (respectively, r2 = 0.25, p = 0.002 and r2 = 0.6, p < 0.001). In muscularis propria, HPGDS mRNA expression was correlated with GI motility recovery (p = 0.002). The pharmacological inhibition of mPGES1 increased spontaneous ex vivo contractile activity in circular muscle (p = 0.03). CONCLUSION The effects of ERP on GI recovery are correlated with the compliance of ERP and could be mediated at least in part by mPGES1, HPGDS and COX-2. Furthermore, mPGES1 shows promise as a therapeutic target to further reduce POI duration among ERP patients.
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10
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Mendis M, Leclerc E, Simsek S. Arabinoxylan hydrolyzates as immunomodulators in Caco-2 and HT-29 colon cancer cell lines. Food Funct 2018; 8:220-231. [PMID: 27966731 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00866f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The use of plant derived polysaccharides as health promoters has gained immense interest in the past few years. Arabinoxylan (AX) is the predominant non-starch polysaccharide in cereals and grasses including wheat. The current research aimed to investigate the structure-function relationship of arabinoxylan hydrolyzates (AXH), obtained by the enzymatic hydrolysis of AX using xylanase and arabinofuranosidase as immunomodulators in two colon cancer cell lines: Caco-2 and HT-29. Fine structural details had a strong correlation with the immunological properties of the wheat AXH. As a general trend, as the presence of arabinose substitution increased in the AXH, the production of proinflammatory cytokines, IL-8 and TNF-α, decreased in both cell lines. Thus, AXH with a higher degree of arabinose substitution might be better adept in lowering inflammation in colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihiri Mendis
- North Dakota State University, Department of Plant Sciences, P.O. Box 6050, Department 7670, Fargo, ND 58105, USA.
| | - Estelle Leclerc
- North Dakota State University, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Senay Simsek
- North Dakota State University, Department of Plant Sciences, P.O. Box 6050, Department 7670, Fargo, ND 58105, USA.
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Severi C, Carabotti M, Cicenia A, Pallotta L, Annibale B. Recent advances in understanding and managing diverticulitis. F1000Res 2018; 7:F1000 Faculty Rev-971. [PMID: 30026920 PMCID: PMC6039950 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.14299.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past few decades, the increasing socioeconomic burden of acute diverticulitis (AD) has become evident, and with the growth of the population age, this significant economic impact will likely continue to rise. Furthermore, recent evidence showed an increased rate of hospital admissions especially evident among women and younger individuals. The natural history and pathophysiology of this clinical condition is still to be fully defined, and efforts continue to be made in the identification of risk factors and the establishment of relative preventive strategies. The actual therapeutic strategies aimed to modulate gut microbiota, such as rifaximin or probiotics, or to reduce mucosal inflammation, such as mesalazine, present a relatively poor efficacy for both the prevention of the first AD episode (primary prevention) and its recurrence (secondary prevention). In the last few years, the main goal achieved has been in the management of AD in that uncomplicated AD can, to a larger extent, be managed in an outpatient setting with no or little supportive therapy, a strategy that will certainly impact on the health costs of this disease. The problem of AD recurrence remains a topic of debate. The aim of this review is to present updated evidence on AD epidemiology and relative open clinical questions and to analyze in detail predisposing and protective factors with an attempt to integrate their possible modes of action into the several pathogenic mechanisms that have been suggested to contribute to this multifactorial disease. A unifying hypothesis dealing with the colonic luminal and extra-luminal microenvironments separately is provided. Finally, evidence-based changes in therapeutic management will be summarized. Because of an ascertained multifactorial pathogenesis of uncomplicated and complicated AD, it is probable that a single 'causa prima' will not be identifiable, and a better stratification of patients could allow one to pursue tailored therapeutic algorithm strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola Severi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University Sapienza of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marilia Carabotti
- Medical-Surgical Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University Hospital S. Andrea, University Sapienza of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Roma, Italy
| | - Alessia Cicenia
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University Sapienza of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Pallotta
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University Sapienza of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Bruno Annibale
- Medical-Surgical Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University Hospital S. Andrea, University Sapienza of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Roma, Italy
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Kim MW, Jiao HY, Kim SW, Park CG, Wu MJ, Hong C, Choi S, Jun JY. Prostanoid EP3 receptor agonist sulprostone enhances pacemaker activity of colonic interstitial cells of Cajal. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2017; 390:961-969. [PMID: 28685234 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-017-1398-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
EP receptor activation by PGE2 regulates gastrointestinal motility by modulating smooth muscle contractility. Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) are pacemaker cells that regulate smooth muscle activity. We aimed to determine effects of the EP3 receptor agonist sulprostone on pacemaker potentials in colonic ICCs. We performed a whole cell patch clamp, RT-PCR, and Ca2+ imaging in cultured ICCs from mouse colon. Sulprostone depolarized the membrane and increased pacemaker frequency. EP3 receptor antagonist blocked these sulprostone-induced effects. EP3 receptors were expressed in ANO1-positive ICCs. Phospholipase C inhibitor or Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor from the endoplasmic reticulum blocked the sulprostone-induced effects and sulprostone increased intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) oscillations. Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channel blockers also suppressed the sulprostone-induced effects. Sulprostone enhanced pacemaker activity through EP3 receptors by activating HCN channels via the [Ca2+]i release pathway. Therefore, EP3 receptor activation in ICCs may modulate colonic motility and could be a therapeutic target for enhancing colonic GI motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Woo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Han Yi Jiao
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-375, South Korea
| | - Seok Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Chan Guk Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Mei Jin Wu
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-375, South Korea
| | - Chansik Hong
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-375, South Korea
| | - Seok Choi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-375, South Korea
| | - Jae Yeoul Jun
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-375, South Korea.
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Zhao J, Shu B, Chen L, Tang J, Zhang L, Xie J, Liu X, Xu Y, Qi S. Prostaglandin E2 inhibits collagen synthesis in dermal fibroblasts and prevents hypertrophic scar formation in vivo. Exp Dermatol 2016; 25:604-10. [PMID: 26997546 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scarring is a common dermal fibroproliferative disorder characterized by excessive collagen deposition. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ), an important inflammatory product synthesized via the arachidonic acid cascade, has been shown to act as a fibroblast modulator and to possess antifibroblastic activity. However, the mechanism underlying the antifibrotic effect of PGE2 remains unclear. In this study, we explored the effects of PGE2 on TGF-β1-treated dermal fibroblasts in terms of collagen production and to determine the regulatory pathways involved, as well as understand the antiscarring function of PGE2 in vivo. We found that PGE2 inhibited TGF-β1-induced collagen synthesis by regulating the balance of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP). It did so by upregulating cAMP through the E prostanoid (EP)2 receptor. We determined that inhibition of the TGF-β1/Smad pathway by PGE2 is associated with its ability to inhibit collagen synthesis. An in vivo study further confirmed that PGE2 inhibits hypertrophic scar formation by decreasing collagen production. Our results demonstrate that the novel anti-scarring function of PGE2 is achieved by balancing MMPs/TIMP expression and decreasing collagen production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingling Zhao
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Shu
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinming Tang
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Julin Xie
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xusheng Liu
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingbin Xu
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaohai Qi
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Gallego D, Mañé N, Gil V, Martínez-Cutillas M, Jiménez M. Mechanisms responsible for neuromuscular relaxation in the gastrointestinal tract. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS 2016; 108:721-731. [DOI: 10.17235/reed.2016.4058/2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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