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Severino ME, Richardson LS, Kacerovsky M, Menon R. Histologic Evidence of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Autophagy in Human Fetal Membranes. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 194:684-692. [PMID: 38320630 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Preterm, prelabor rupture of the human fetal membranes (pPROM) is involved in 40% of spontaneous preterm births worldwide. Cellular-level disturbances and inflammation are effectors of membrane degradation, weakening, and rupture. Maternal risk factors induce oxidative stress (OS), senescence, and senescence-associated inflammation of the fetal membranes as reported mechanisms related to pPROM. Inflammation can also arise in fetal membrane cells (amnion/chorion) due to OS-induced autophagy and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Autophagy, EMT, and their correlation in pPROM, along with OS-induced autophagy-related changes in amnion and chorion cells in vitro, were investigated. Immunocytochemistry staining of cytokeratin-18 (epithelial marker)/vimentin (mesenchymal marker) and proautophagy-inducing factor LC3B were performed in fetal membranes from pPROM, term not in labor, and term labor. Ultrastructural changes associated with autophagy were verified by transmission electron microscopy of the fetal membranes and in cells exposed to cigarette smoke extract (an OS inducer). EMT and LC3B staining was compared in the chorion from pPROM versus term not in labor. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed autophagosome formation in pPROM amnion and chorion. In cell culture, autophagosomes were formed in the amnion with OS treatment, while autophagosomes were accumulated in both cell types with autophagy inhibition. This study documents the association between pPROMs and amniochorion autophagy and EMT, and supports a role for OS in inducing dysfunctional cells that increase inflammation, predisposing membranes to rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E Severino
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas; College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Lauren S Richardson
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas
| | - Marian Kacerovsky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Division of Basic Science and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas.
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2
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García-Montero C, Fraile-Martinez O, De Leon-Oliva D, Boaru DL, Garcia-Puente LM, De León-Luis JA, Bravo C, Diaz-Pedrero R, Lopez-Gonzalez L, Álvarez-Mon M, García-Honduvilla N, Saez MA, Ortega MA. Exploring the Role of Mediterranean and Westernized Diets and Their Main Nutrients in the Modulation of Oxidative Stress in the Placenta: A Narrative Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1918. [PMID: 38001771 PMCID: PMC10669105 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major cellular event that occurs in the placenta, fulfilling critical physiological roles in non-pathological pregnancies. However, exacerbated oxidative stress is a pivotal feature of different obstetric complications, like pre-eclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and other diseases. Compelling evidence supports the relevant role of diet during pregnancy, with pleiotropic consequences for maternal well-being. The present review aims to examine the complex background between oxidative stress and placental development and function in physiological conditions, also intending to understand the relationship between different dietary patterns and the human placenta, particularly how this could influence oxidative stress processes. The effects of Westernized diets (WDs) and high-fat diets (HFDs) rich in ultra-processed foods and different additives are compared with healthy patterns such as a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) abundant in omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, polyphenols, dietary fiber, and vitamins. Although multiple studies have focused on the role of specific nutrients, mostly in animal models and in vitro, further observational and intervention studies focusing on the placental structure and function in women with different dietary patterns should be conducted to understand the precise influence of diet on this organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cielo García-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (L.M.G.-P.); (M.Á.-M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.-P.); (L.L.-G.)
| | - Oscar Fraile-Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (L.M.G.-P.); (M.Á.-M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.-P.); (L.L.-G.)
| | - Diego De Leon-Oliva
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (L.M.G.-P.); (M.Á.-M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.-P.); (L.L.-G.)
| | - Diego Liviu Boaru
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (L.M.G.-P.); (M.Á.-M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.-P.); (L.L.-G.)
| | - Luis M. Garcia-Puente
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (L.M.G.-P.); (M.Á.-M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.-P.); (L.L.-G.)
| | - Juan A. De León-Luis
- Department of Public and Maternal and Child Health, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.D.L.-L.); (C.B.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain
| | - Coral Bravo
- Department of Public and Maternal and Child Health, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.A.D.L.-L.); (C.B.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute Gregorio Marañón, 28009 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raul Diaz-Pedrero
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.-P.); (L.L.-G.)
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Laura Lopez-Gonzalez
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.-P.); (L.L.-G.)
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Melchor Álvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (L.M.G.-P.); (M.Á.-M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.-P.); (L.L.-G.)
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology and Internal Medicine Service, University Hospital Prince of Asturias, Networking Research Center on for Liver and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Natalio García-Honduvilla
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (L.M.G.-P.); (M.Á.-M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.-P.); (L.L.-G.)
| | - Miguel A. Saez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (L.M.G.-P.); (M.Á.-M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.-P.); (L.L.-G.)
- Pathological Anatomy Service, University Hospital Gómez-Ulla, 28806 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; (C.G.-M.); (O.F.-M.); (D.D.L.-O.); (D.L.B.); (L.M.G.-P.); (M.Á.-M.); (N.G.-H.); (M.A.S.)
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain; (R.D.-P.); (L.L.-G.)
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Richardson L, Kammala AK, Kim S, Lam PY, Truong N, Radnaa E, Urrabaz-Garza R, Han A, Menon R. Development of oxidative stress-associated disease models using feto-maternal interface organ-on-a-chip. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23000. [PMID: 37249377 PMCID: PMC10259454 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300531r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation arising from cellular derangements at the fetal membrane-decidual interface (feto-maternal interface [FMi]) is a major antecedent to preterm birth (PTB). However, it is impractical to study OS-associated FMi disease state during human pregnancy, and thus it is difficult to develop strategies to reduce the incidences of PTB. A microfluidic organ-on-chip model (FMi-OOC) that mimics the in vivo structure and functions of FMi in vitro was developed to address this challenge. The FMi-OOC contained fetal (amnion epithelial, mesenchymal, and chorion) and maternal (decidua) cells cultured in four compartments interconnected by arrays of microchannels to allow independent but interconnected co-cultivation. Using this model, we tested the effects of OS and inflammation on both fetal (fetal → maternal) and maternal (maternal → fetal) sides of the FMi and determined their differential impact on PTB-associated pathways. OS was induced using cigarette smoke extract (CSE) exposure. The impacts of OS were assessed by measuring cell viability, disruption of immune homeostasis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), development of senescence, and inflammation. CSE propagated (LC/MS-MS analysis for nicotine) over a 72-hour period from the maternal to fetal side, or vice versa. However, they caused two distinct pathological effects on the maternal and fetal cells. Specifically, fetal OS induced cellular pathologies and inflammation, whereas maternal OS caused immune intolerance. The pronounced impact produced by the fetus supports the hypothesis that fetal inflammatory response is a mechanistic trigger for parturition. The FMi disease-associated changes identified in the FMi-OOC suggest the unique capability of this in vitro model in testing in utero conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Richardson
- Division of Basic and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Ananth Kumar Kammala
- Division of Basic and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Sungjin Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Po Yi Lam
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Nina Truong
- John Sealy School of Medicine at Galveston, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Enkhtuya Radnaa
- Division of Basic and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Rheanna Urrabaz-Garza
- Division of Basic and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Arum Han
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA5
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Division of Basic and Translational Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
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4
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Ni M, Li L, Zhang Q, Zhao J, Li W, Shen Q, Yao D, Wang T, Li B, Ding X, Qi S, Liu Z. Association of chorioamnionitis with infertility treatment and subsequent neonatal outcomes in the US: a population-based cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:369. [PMID: 37210503 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05619-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chorioamnionitis (CAM) is a common risk factor for preterm births, resulting in several adverse outcomes. The association between infertility treatment and CAM is unclear. Therefore, this study examined the association between infertility treatment and CAM and described subsequent neonatal outcomes. METHODS This population-based cohort study used data from the National Vital Statistics System Database. We included women who had a singleton live birth from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2018. Women-infant pairs were stratified by infertility treatment, and the main outcome was a reported diagnosis of CAM in a checkbox format: clinical CAM or maternal temperature of > 38 °C. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the association between infertility treatment and CAM and the effect of infertility treatment on neonatal outcomes in women diagnosed with CAM. RESULTS The final sample comprised 10,900,495 woman-infant pairs, and 1.4% received infertility treatment. Compared with the natural conception group, women receiving infertility treatment had a significantly higher risk of CAM (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.772 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.718-1.827]). Furthermore, newborns exposed to CAM had a higher risk of very low birth weight (VLBW) (aOR, 2.083 [95% CI, 1.664-2.606], P < .001), preterm birth (aOR, 1.497 [95% CI, 1.324-1.693]; P < .001), neonatal intensive care unit admission (aOR, 1.234 [95% CI, 1.156-1.317]; P < .001), and other adverse neonatal outcomes in the infertility treatment group compared with ones conceived naturally. CONCLUSIONS This study found that women who received infertility treatment had a higher risk of CAM. And CAM deteriorated neonatal outcomes in the infertility treatment group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Ni
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijuan Li
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiuru Zhao
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Li
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianwen Shen
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongting Yao
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Wang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Baihe Li
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiya Ding
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Sudong Qi
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital of China Welfare Institution, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China.
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Olaya Contreras M, Caicedo Marmolejo BE. Actualidad en corioamnionitis. UNIVERSITAS MÉDICA 2022. [DOI: 10.11144/javeriana.umed63-4.cori] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
La corioamnionitis se ha relacionados con desenlaces desfavorables en el período prenatal y neonatal (abortos, parto pretérmino, sepsis neonatal, entre otros), además de implicaciones a largo plazo en la infancia, tales como alteraciones en el coeficiente intelectual. Por esta razón es de vital importancia el diagnóstico histopatológico oportuno. En este artículo se revisará el abordaje histopatológico de la corioamnionitis, su estadificación e implicaciones clínicas.
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The Expression of IL-1β Correlates with the Expression of Galectin-3 in the Tissue at the Maternal-Fetal Interface during the Term and Preterm Labor. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11216521. [PMID: 36362749 PMCID: PMC9656499 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory processes that occur at the maternal−fetal interface are considered one of the factors that are responsible for preterm birth. The pro-inflammatory roles of the Gal-3-induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and the consecutive production of IL-1β have been described in several acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, but the role of this inflammatory axis in parturition has not been studied. The aim of this study was to analyze the protein expression of Gal-3, NLRP3, and IL-1β in the decidua, villi, and fetal membranes, and to analyze their mutual correlation and correlation with the clinical parameters of inflammation in preterm birth (PTB) and term birth (TB). The study included 40 women that underwent a preterm birth (gestational age of 25.0−36.6) and histological chorioamnionitis (PTB) and control subjects, 22 women that underwent a term birth (gestational age of 37.0−41.6) without histological chorioamnionitis (TB). An analysis of the tissue sections that were stained with anti- Gal-3, -NLRP3, and -IL-1β antibodies was assessed by three independent investigators. The expression levels of Gal-3 and IL-1β were significantly higher (p < 0.001) in the decidua, villi, and fetal membranes in the PTB group when they compared to those of the TB group, while there was no difference in the expression of NLRP3. A further analysis revealed that there was no correlation between the protein expression of NLRP3 and the expression of Gal-3 and IL-1β, but there was a correlation between the expression of Gal-3 and IL-1β in decidua (R = 0.401; p = 0.008), villi (R = 0.301; p = 0.042) and the fetal membranes (R = 0.428; p = 0.002) in both of the groups, PTB and TB. In addition, the expression of Gal-3 and IL-1β in decidua and the fetal membranes was in correlation with the parameters of inflammation in the maternal and fetal blood (C-reactive protein, leukocyte number, and fibrinogen). The strong correlation between the expression of Gal-3 and IL-1β in the placental and fetal tissues during labor indicates that Gal-3 may participate in the regulation of the inflammatory processes in the placenta, leading to increased production of IL-1β, a cytokine that plays the main role in both term and preterm birth.
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Sohrabi SS, Rashidipour M, Sohrabi SM, Hadizadeh M, Shams MH, Mohammadi M. Genome-wide evaluation of transcriptomic responses of human tissues to smoke: A systems biology study. Gene X 2022; 820:146114. [PMID: 35077830 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.146114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The harmful compounds in various sources of smoke threaten human health. So far, many studies have investigated the effects of compounds of smoke on transcriptome changes in different human tissues. However, no study has been conducted on the effects of these compounds on transcriptome changes in different human tissues simultaneously. Hence, the present study was conducted to identify smoke-related genes (SRGs) and their response mechanisms to smoke in various human cells and tissues using systems biology based methods. A total of 6,484 SRGs were identified in the studied tissues, among which 4,095 SRGs were up-regulated and 2,389 SRGs were down-regulated. Totally, 459 SRGs were smoke-related transcription factors (SRTFs). Gene regulatory network analysis showed that the studied cells and tissues have different gene regulation and responses to compounds of smoke. The comparison of different tissues revealed no common SRG among the all studied tissues. However, the CYP1B1 gene was common among seven cells and tissues, and had the same expression trend. Network analysis showed that the CYP1B1 is a hub gene among SRGs in various cells and tissues. To the best of our knowledge, for the first time, our results showed that compounds of smoke induce and increase the expression of CYP1B1 key gene in all target and non-target tissues of human. Moreover, despite the specific characteristics of CYP1B1 gene and its identical expression trend in target and non-target tissues, it can be used as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Sajad Sohrabi
- Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran; Environmental Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Marzieh Rashidipour
- Environmental Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran; Nutritional Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | - Seyyed Mohsen Sohrabi
- Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Morteza Hadizadeh
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Hossein Shams
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Mohammadi
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center and Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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Abstract
Chorioamnionitis or intrauterine inflammation is a frequent cause of preterm birth. Chorioamnionitis can affect almost every organ of the developing fetus. Multiple microbes have been implicated to cause chorioamnionitis, but "sterile" inflammation appears to be more common. Eradication of microorganisms has not been shown to prevent the morbidity and mortality associated with chorioamnionitis as inflammatory mediators account for continued fetal and maternal injury. Mounting evidence now supports the concept that the ensuing neonatal immune dysfunction reflects the effects of inflammation on immune programming during critical developmental windows, leading to chronic inflammatory disorders as well as vulnerability to infection after birth. A better understanding of microbiome alterations and inflammatory dysregulation may help develop better treatment strategies for infants born to mothers with chorioamnionitis.
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The Impact of Oxidative Stress of Environmental Origin on the Onset of Placental Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11010106. [PMID: 35052610 PMCID: PMC8773163 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) plays a pivotal role in placental development; however, abnormal loads in oxidative stress molecules may overwhelm the placental defense mechanisms and cause pathological situations. The environment in which the mother evolves triggers an exposure of the placental tissue to chemical, physical, and biological agents of OS, with potential pathological consequences. Here we shortly review the physiological and developmental functions of OS in the placenta, and present a series of environmental pollutants inducing placental oxidative stress, for which some insights regarding the underlying mechanisms have been proposed, leading to a recapitulation of the noxious effects of OS of environmental origin upon the human placenta.
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Hussain T, Murtaza G, Metwally E, Kalhoro DH, Kalhoro MS, Rahu BA, Sahito RGA, Yin Y, Yang H, Chughtai MI, Tan B. The Role of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Balance in Pregnancy. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:9962860. [PMID: 34616234 PMCID: PMC8490076 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9962860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been widely known that oxidative stress disrupts the balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant system in the body. During pregnancy, the physiological generation of ROS is involved in a variety of developmental processes ranging from oocyte maturation to luteolysis and embryo implantation. While abnormal overproduction of ROS disrupts these processes resulting in reproductive failure. In addition, excessive oxidative stress impairs maternal and placental functions and eventually results in fetal loss, IUGR, and gestational diabetes mellitus. Although some oxidative stress is inevitable during pregnancy, a balancing act between oxidant and antioxidant production is necessary at different stages of the pregnancy. The review aims to highlight the importance of maintaining oxidative and antioxidant balance throughout pregnancy. Furthermore, we highlight the role of oxidative stress in pregnancy-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarique Hussain
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
- Animal Science Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIAB-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Sindh 70050, Pakistan
| | - Elsayed Metwally
- Department of Cytology & Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Dildar Hussain Kalhoro
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Sindh 70050, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saleem Kalhoro
- Department of Animal Products Technology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Sindh 70050, Pakistan
| | - Baban Ali Rahu
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Sindh 70050, Pakistan
| | | | - Yulong Yin
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125 Hunan, China
| | - Huansheng Yang
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China
| | - Muhammad Ismail Chughtai
- Animal Science Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIAB-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Bie Tan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 Hunan, China
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11
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Cigarette Smoke Condensate Exposure Induces Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-Products (RAGE)-Dependent Sterile Inflammation in Amniotic Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158345. [PMID: 34361111 PMCID: PMC8348034 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal smoking is a risk factor of preterm prelabor rupture of the fetal membranes (pPROM), which is responsible for 30% of preterm births worldwide. Cigarettes induce oxidative stress and inflammation, mechanisms both implicated in fetal membranes (FM) weakening. We hypothesized that the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and its ligands can result in cigarette-dependent inflammation. FM explants and amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) were treated with cigarette smoke condensate (CSC), combined or not with RAGE antagonist peptide (RAP), an inhibitor of RAGE. Cell suffering was evaluated by measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) medium-release. Extracellular HMGB1 (a RAGE ligand) release by amnion and choriodecidua explants were checked by western blot. NF-κB pathway induction was determined by a luciferase gene reporter assay, and inflammation was evaluated by cytokine RT-qPCR and protein quantification. Gelatinase activity was assessed using a specific assay. CSC induced cell suffering and HMGB1 secretion only in the amnion, which is directly associated with a RAGE-dependent response. CSC also affected AECs by inducing inflammation (cytokine release and NFκB activation) and gelatinase activity through RAGE engagement, which was linked to an increase in extracellular matrix degradation. This RAGE dependent CSC-induced inflammation associated with an increase of gelatinase activity could explain a pathological FM weakening directly linked to pPROM.
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12
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Coler BS, Shynlova O, Boros-Rausch A, Lye S, McCartney S, Leimert KB, Xu W, Chemtob S, Olson D, Li M, Huebner E, Curtin A, Kachikis A, Savitsky L, Paul JW, Smith R, Adams Waldorf KM. Landscape of Preterm Birth Therapeutics and a Path Forward. J Clin Med 2021; 10:2912. [PMID: 34209869 PMCID: PMC8268657 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10132912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB) remains the leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality. Despite 50 years of research, therapeutic options are limited and many lack clear efficacy. Tocolytic agents are drugs that briefly delay PTB, typically to allow antenatal corticosteroid administration for accelerating fetal lung maturity or to transfer patients to high-level care facilities. Globally, there is an unmet need for better tocolytic agents, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Although most tocolytics, such as betamimetics and indomethacin, suppress downstream mediators of the parturition pathway, newer therapeutics are being designed to selectively target inflammatory checkpoints with the goal of providing broader and more effective tocolysis. However, the relatively small market for new PTB therapeutics and formidable regulatory hurdles have led to minimal pharmaceutical interest and a stagnant drug pipeline. In this review, we present the current landscape of PTB therapeutics, assessing the history of drug development, mechanisms of action, adverse effects, and the updated literature on drug efficacy. We also review the regulatory hurdles and other obstacles impairing novel tocolytic development. Ultimately, we present possible steps to expedite drug development and meet the growing need for effective preterm birth therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brahm Seymour Coler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (B.S.C.); (S.M.); (M.L.); (E.H.); (A.C.); (A.K.); (L.S.)
- Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
| | - Oksana Shynlova
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; (O.S.); (A.B.-R.); (S.L.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1E2, Canada
| | - Adam Boros-Rausch
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; (O.S.); (A.B.-R.); (S.L.)
| | - Stephen Lye
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; (O.S.); (A.B.-R.); (S.L.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1E2, Canada
| | - Stephen McCartney
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (B.S.C.); (S.M.); (M.L.); (E.H.); (A.C.); (A.K.); (L.S.)
| | - Kelycia B. Leimert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R7, Canada; (K.B.L.); (W.X.); (D.O.)
| | - Wendy Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R7, Canada; (K.B.L.); (W.X.); (D.O.)
| | - Sylvain Chemtob
- Departments of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada;
| | - David Olson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R7, Canada; (K.B.L.); (W.X.); (D.O.)
- Departments of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Miranda Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (B.S.C.); (S.M.); (M.L.); (E.H.); (A.C.); (A.K.); (L.S.)
- Department of Biological Sciencies, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Emily Huebner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (B.S.C.); (S.M.); (M.L.); (E.H.); (A.C.); (A.K.); (L.S.)
| | - Anna Curtin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (B.S.C.); (S.M.); (M.L.); (E.H.); (A.C.); (A.K.); (L.S.)
| | - Alisa Kachikis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (B.S.C.); (S.M.); (M.L.); (E.H.); (A.C.); (A.K.); (L.S.)
| | - Leah Savitsky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (B.S.C.); (S.M.); (M.L.); (E.H.); (A.C.); (A.K.); (L.S.)
| | - Jonathan W. Paul
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (J.W.P.); (R.S.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Roger Smith
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; (J.W.P.); (R.S.)
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
- John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Kristina M. Adams Waldorf
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; (B.S.C.); (S.M.); (M.L.); (E.H.); (A.C.); (A.K.); (L.S.)
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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13
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Radnaa E, Richardson LS, Sheller-Miller S, Baljinnyam T, de Castro Silva M, Kumar Kammala A, Urrabaz-Garza R, Kechichian T, Kim S, Han A, Menon R. Extracellular vesicle mediated feto-maternal HMGB1 signaling induces preterm birth. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:1956-1973. [PMID: 34008619 PMCID: PMC8162392 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc01323d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB; <37 weeks of gestation) impacts ∼11% of all pregnancies and contributes to 1 million neonatal deaths worldwide annually. An understanding of the feto-maternal (F-M) signals that initiate birthing (parturition) at term is critical to design strategies to prevent their premature activation, resulting in PTB. Although endocrine and immune cell signaling are well-reported, fetal-derived paracrine signals capable of transitioning quiescent uterus to an active state of labor are poorly studied. Recent reports have suggested that senescence of the fetal amnion membrane coinciding with fetal growth and maturation generates inflammatory signals capable of triggering parturition. This is by increasing the inflammatory load at the feto-maternal interface (FMi) tissues (i.e., amniochorion-decidua). High mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), an alarmin, is one of the inflammatory signals released by senescent amnion cells via extracellular vesicles (exosomes; 40-160 nm). Increased levels of HMGB1 in the amniotic fluid, cord and maternal blood are associated with term and PTB. This study tested the hypothesis that senescent amnion cells release HMGB1, which is fetal signaling capable of increasing FMi inflammation, predisposing them to parturition. To test this hypothesis, exosomes from amnion epithelial cells (AECs) grown under normal conditions were engineered to contain HMGB1 by electroporation (eHMGB1). eHMGB1 was characterized (quantity, size, shape, markers and loading efficiency), and its propagation through FMi was tested using a four-chamber microfluidic organ-on-a-chip device (FMi-OOC) that contained four distinct cell types (amnion and chorion mesenchymal, chorion trophoblast and decidual cells) connected through microchannels. eHMGB1 propagated through the fetal cells and matrix to the maternal decidua and increased inflammation (receptor expression [RAGE and TLR4] and cytokines). Furthermore, intra-amniotic injection of eHMGB1 (containing 10 ng) into pregnant CD-1 mice on embryonic day 17 led to PTB. Injecting carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE)-labeled eHMGB1, we determined in vivo kinetics and report that eHMGB1 trafficking resulting in PTB was associated with increased FMi inflammation. This study determined that fetal exosome mediated paracrine signaling can generate inflammation and induce parturition. Besides, in vivo functional validation of FMi-OOC experiments strengthens the reliability of such devices to test physiologic and pathologic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enkhtuya Radnaa
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555-1062, USA.
| | - Lauren S Richardson
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555-1062, USA. and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Samantha Sheller-Miller
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555-1062, USA.
| | - Tuvshintugs Baljinnyam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Mariana de Castro Silva
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555-1062, USA.
| | - Ananth Kumar Kammala
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555-1062, USA.
| | - Rheanna Urrabaz-Garza
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555-1062, USA.
| | - Talar Kechichian
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555-1062, USA.
| | - Sungjin Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Arum Han
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555-1062, USA.
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14
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Kajdy A, Modzelewski J, Cymbaluk-Płoska A, Kwiatkowska E, Bednarek-Jędrzejek M, Borowski D, Stefańska K, Rabijewski M, Torbé A, Kwiatkowski S. Molecular Pathways of Cellular Senescence and Placental Aging in Late Fetal Growth Restriction and Stillbirth. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4186. [PMID: 33919502 PMCID: PMC8072706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormally accelerated, premature placental senescence plays a crucial role in the genesis of pregnancy pathologies. Abnormal growth in the third trimester can present as small for gestational age fetuses or fetal growth restriction. One differs from the other by the presence of signs of placental insufficiency and the risk of stillbirth. The majority of stillbirths occur in normally grown fetuses and are classified as "unexplained", which often leads to conclusions that they were unpreventable. The main characteristic of aging is a gradual decline in the function of cells, tissues, and organs. These changes result in the accumulation of senescent cells in mitotic tissues. These cells begin the aging process that disrupts tissues' normal functions by affecting neighboring cells, degrading the extracellular matrix, and reducing tissues' regeneration capacity. Different degrees of abnormal placentation result in the severity of fetal growth restriction and its sequelae, including fetal death. This review aims to present the current knowledge and identify future research directions to understand better placental aging in late fetal growth restriction and unexplained stillbirth. We hypothesized that the final diagnosis of placental insufficiency can be made only using markers of placental senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kajdy
- Department of Reproductive Health, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Żelazna 90 St., 01-004 Warsaw, Poland; (J.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Jan Modzelewski
- Department of Reproductive Health, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Żelazna 90 St., 01-004 Warsaw, Poland; (J.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Aneta Cymbaluk-Płoska
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Ewa Kwiatkowska
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Bednarek-Jędrzejek
- Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.B.-J.); (A.T.)
| | - Dariusz Borowski
- Clinic of Fetal-Maternal, Gynecology and Neonatology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Bydgoszcz, Łukasiewicza 1 St., 85-821 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Stefańska
- Department of Obstetrics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Mariana Smoluchowskiego 17 St., 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Michał Rabijewski
- Department of Reproductive Health, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Żelazna 90 St., 01-004 Warsaw, Poland; (J.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Andrzej Torbé
- Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.B.-J.); (A.T.)
| | - Sebastian Kwiatkowski
- Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University, Al. Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (M.B.-J.); (A.T.)
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15
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De Luccia TPB, Ono E, Menon R, Borbely AU, Mattar R, Richardson L, da Silva ALM, Botelho RM, da Rocha MLTLF, Daher S. The effect of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on the fetal compartment. J Reprod Immunol 2021; 145:103314. [PMID: 33836321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2021.103314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In indicated preterm births such a Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), little is known about the role of the amnion membranes. Investigating the role of amnion membrane inflammation in response GDM may suggest novel pathophysiologic mechanisms. We hypothesize that increased GDM inflammatory mediators may weaken the amnion membrane predisposing them to infection. Maternal and fetal serum and amnion membrane biopsies were collected from 20 GDM and 38 normoglycemic subjects (control) who underwent elective cesarean sections. Cytokines and adipokines were evaluated in serum and amnion culture supernatant samples. Amnion membrane biopsies from GDM and control subjects were studied: fresh frozen for RNA analysis for Toll-like receptor expression; cultured with LPS to test membrane permeability, and inflammation LPS + anti-TLR4 for testing mechanism. GDM was associated with higher fetal serum leptin (p = 0.004) and IL-10 (p = 0.04) compared to controls. Amnion membrane explants from GDM had higher levels of IL-6 (p = 0.019), and lower expression of Claudin-4 (p = 0.007) and increased permeability (p = 0.046) compared to controls. GDM membranes treated with LPS showed an increased expression of IL-10 (p = 0.013); IL-6 (p = 0.004) and TNF-α (p = 0.0005) but did not affect membrane permeability. LPS and anti-TLR4 antibody treatment reduced the production of TNF-α in controls (p = 0.03) and GDM (p = 0.007) compared to LPS alone. Fetal inflammatory response seems more balanced in GDM and does not impact membrane permeability function even with an infectious stimulus. Light fetal membrane inflammatory response may explain lack of preterm labor in GDM. Concluding, benign inflammation in the membranes may not be harmful for pregnancy maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago P B De Luccia
- Departamento de Obstetrícia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), Rua Pedro de Toledo 669, 9 andar - 04939032, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Erika Ono
- Departamento de Obstetrícia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), Rua Pedro de Toledo 669, 9 andar - 04939032, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine & Perinatal Research, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX, 77555-1062, USA.
| | - Alexandre Urban Borbely
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Campus A.C. Simões. Av. Lourival Melo Mota, s/n 57072-970, Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil.
| | - Rosiane Mattar
- Departamento de Obstetrícia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), Rua Pedro de Toledo 669, 9 andar - 04939032, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lauren Richardson
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine & Perinatal Research, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX, 77555-1062, USA
| | - Ana Lucia Mendes da Silva
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Campus A.C. Simões. Av. Lourival Melo Mota, s/n 57072-970, Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Rayane Martins Botelho
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Campus A.C. Simões. Av. Lourival Melo Mota, s/n 57072-970, Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Maria Luisa Toledo Leite Ferreira da Rocha
- Serviço de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia do Hospital do Servidor Público Estadual Francisco Morato de Oliveira (IAMSPE), Rua Pedro de Toledo, 1800, 04029-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Silvia Daher
- Departamento de Obstetrícia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), Rua Pedro de Toledo 669, 9 andar - 04939032, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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16
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Weed S, Armistead B, Coleman M, Liggit HD, Johnson B, Tsai J, Beyer RP, Bammler TK, Kretzer NM, Parker E, Vanderhoeven JP, Bierle CJ, Rajagopal L, Adams Waldorf KM. MicroRNA Signature of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Group B Streptococcal Infection of the Placental Chorioamniotic Membranes. J Infect Dis 2021; 222:1713-1722. [PMID: 32453818 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection-induced preterm birth is a major cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity and leads to preterm premature rupture of placental chorioamniotic membranes. The loss of amniotic epithelial cells and tensile strength preceding membrane rupture is poorly understood. We hypothesized that intrauterine bacterial infection induces changes in microRNA (miRNA) expression, leading to amniotic epithelial cell loss and membrane weakening. METHODS Ten pregnant pigtail macaques received choriodecidual inoculation of either group B Streptococcus (GBS) or saline (n = 5/group). Placental chorioamniotic membranes were studied using RNA microarray and immunohistochemistry. Chorioamniotic membranes from women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPROM) and normal term pregnancies were studied using transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS In our model, an experimental GBS infection was associated with changes in the miRNA profile in the chorioamniotic membranes consistent with epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) with loss of epithelial (E-cadherin) and gain of mesenchymal (vimentin) markers. Similarly, loss of desmosomes (intercellular junctions) was seen in placental tissues from women with pPROM. CONCLUSIONS We describe EMT as a novel mechanism for infection-associated chorioamniotic membrane weakening, which may be a common pathway for many etiologies of pPROM. Therapy based on anti-miRNA targeting of EMT may prevent pPROM due to perinatal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Weed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle Washington, USA
| | - Blair Armistead
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michelle Coleman
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - H Denny Liggit
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Brian Johnson
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jesse Tsai
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Richard P Beyer
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Theodor K Bammler
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Nicole M Kretzer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle Washington, USA
| | - Ed Parker
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jeroen P Vanderhoeven
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle Washington, USA
| | - Craig J Bierle
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lakshmi Rajagopal
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kristina M Adams Waldorf
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle Washington, USA.,Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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17
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fetal membranes, a vital component that helps maintain pregnancy and contribute to parturition signaling, are often studied in segments due to its structural complexity. Transwells are traditionally used to study cell interactions; however, their usefulness is limited. To overcome these difficulties, a fetal membrane-organ-on-chip (FM-OO-C) was created to study interactive properties of amnion epithelial cells (AECs) and decidual cells compared to transwell systems. METHODS Primary AECs and decidual cells from term, nonlaboring fetal membranes were cultured in a 2-chamber (AEC/decidual cell) FM-OO-C device and sandwiched between a semipermeable membrane. Cells were treated with cigarette smoke extract (CSE) or dioxin, and membrane permeability and cellular senescence were measured after 48 hours. The same experiments were conducted in transwells for comparisons. RESULTS Compared to transwell cultures, FM-OO-C model produced better membrane permeability readings regardless of the side of treatment or time point. Membrane permeabilization was higher in AECs directly treated with CSE (1.6 fold) compared to similar treatment on the decidual side (1.2 fold). In FM-OO-C, treatments forced changes between cellular layers. This was evident when CSE and dioxin-induced senescence on one side of the chamber produced similar changes on the opposite side. This effect was minimal in the transwell system. CONCLUSION The controlled environment of an FM-OO-C allows for improved signal propagation between cells by minimizing noise and highlighting the small changes between treatments that cannot be seen in conventional transwell devices. Fetal membrane-organ-on-chip provides a better interaction between cell types that can be used to study fetal-maternal signaling during pregnancy in future studies.
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Richardson L, Kim S, Han A, Menon R. Modeling ascending infection with a feto-maternal interface organ-on-chip. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:4486-4501. [PMID: 33112317 PMCID: PMC7815379 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00875c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Maternal infection (i.e., ascending infection) and the resulting host inflammatory response are risk factors associated with spontaneous preterm birth (PTB), a major pregnancy complication. However, the path of infection and its propagation from the maternal side to the fetal side have been difficult to study due to the lack of appropriate in vitro models and limitations of animal models. A better understanding of the propagation kinetics of infectious agents and development of the host inflammatory response at the feto-maternal (amniochorion-decidua, respectively) interface (FMi) is critical in curtailing host inflammatory responses that can lead to PTB. To model ascending infection and determine inflammatory responses at the FMi, we developed a microfluidic organ-on-chip (OOC) device containing primary cells from the FMi (decidua, chorion, and amnion [mesenchyme and epithelium]) and collagen matrix harvested from primary tissue. The FMi-OOC is composed of four concentric circular cell/collagen chambers designed to mimic the thickness and cell density of the FMi in vivo. Each layer is connected by arrays of microchannels filled with type IV collagen to recreate the basement membrane of the amniochorion. Cellular characteristics (viability, morphology, production of nascent collagen, cellular transitions, and migration) in the OOC were similar to those seen in utero, validating the physiological relevance and utility of the developed FMi-OOC. The ascending infection model of the FMi-OOC, triggered by exposing the maternal (decidua) side of the OOC to lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 100 ng mL-1), shows that LPS propagated through the chorion, amnion mesenchyme, and reached the fetal amnion within 72 h. LPS induced time-dependent and cell-type-specific pro-inflammatory cytokine production (24 h decidua: IL-6, 48 h chorion: GM-CSF and IL-6, and 72 h amnion mesenchyme and epithelium: GM-CSF and IL-6). Collectively, this OOC model and study successfully modeled ascending infection, its propagation, and distinct inflammatory response at the FMi indicative of pathologic pathways of PTB. This OOC model provides a novel platform to study physiological and pathological cell status at the FMi, and is expected to have broad utility in the field of obstetrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Richardson
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine & Perinatal Research, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555-1062, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Sungjin Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Arum Han
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine & Perinatal Research, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555-1062, USA
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19
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Richardson LS, Radnaa E, Urrabaz-Garza R, Lavu N, Menon R. Stretch, scratch, and stress: Suppressors and supporters of senescence in human fetal membranes. Placenta 2020; 99:27-34. [PMID: 32750642 PMCID: PMC7530028 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2020.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Throughout gestation, amnion membranes undergo mechanical and or physiological stretch, scratch, or stress which is withstood by repairing and remodeling processes to protect the growing fetus. At term, increased oxidative stress (OS) activates p38MAPK, induces senescence, and inflammation contributing to membrane dysfunction to promote labor. However, the signaling initiated by stretch and scratch is still unclear. This study compares the induction of p38MAPK mediated senescence by stretch, scratch, and stress in human amnion epithelial cells (AECs). METHODS Primary AECs from term, not-in-labor, fetal membranes were cultured using the following conditions (N = 3); 1) CellFlex chambers with or without 20% biaxial stretch, 2) 8-well coverslips with or without scratch, and 3) cells exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) inducing OS. p38MAPK (Western blot or immunocytochemistry), senescence activation, and inflammation (matrix metalloproteinases 9 [MMP9] activity-ELISA) were determined in cells exposed to various conditions. T-test and One-Way ANOVA was used to assess significance. RESULTS Biological membrane extension, mimicked by 20% biaxial stretch of AEC, maintained an epithelial morphology and activated P-p38MAPK (P = 0.02) compared to the non-stretch controls, but did not induce senescence or MMP9 activation. AEC scratches were healed within 40-hrs, which included proliferation, migration, and cellular transitions aided by p38MAPK activation but not senescence. CSE induced OS increased p38MAPK (P = 0.018) activation, senescence (P = 0.019), and MMP9 (P = 0.02). CONCLUSION Physiologic stretch and scratch experienced during gestation can cause p38MAPK activation without causing senescence or inflammation. This may be indicative of p38MAPK's role in tissue remodeling during pregnancy. Overwhelming OS, experienced at term, results in P-p38MAPK mediated senescence and inflammation to disrupt membrane remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren S Richardson
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine & Perinatal Research, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX, 77555-1062, USA
| | - Enkhtuya Radnaa
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine & Perinatal Research, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX, 77555-1062, USA
| | - Rheanna Urrabaz-Garza
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine & Perinatal Research, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX, 77555-1062, USA
| | - Narmada Lavu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine & Perinatal Research, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX, 77555-1062, USA
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine & Perinatal Research, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX, 77555-1062, USA.
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20
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Lavergne M, Belville C, Choltus H, Gross C, Minet-Quinard R, Gallot D, Sapin V, Blanchon L. Human Amnion Epithelial Cells (AECs) Respond to the FSL-1 Lipopeptide by Engaging the NLRP7 Inflammasome. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1645. [PMID: 32849565 PMCID: PMC7426397 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Context and Objectives: Inflammation is the leading mechanism involved in both physiological and pathological rupture of fetal membranes. Our aim was to obtain a better characterization of the inflammasome-dependent inflammation processes in these tissues, with a particular focus on the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)–like receptor, pyrin domain containing protein 7 (NLRP7) inflammasome. Methods: The presence of NLRP7 inflammasome actors [NLRP7, apoptosis-associated speck–like protein containing a CARD domain (ASC), and caspase-1] was confirmed by reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in human amnion and choriodecidua at the three trimesters and at term. The protein concentrations were then determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in term tissues, with or without labor. The presence of Mycoplasma salivarium and Mycoplasma fermentans in human fetal membranes was investigated using a PCR approach. Human amnion epithelial cells (AECs) were treated for 4 or 20 h with fibroblast-stimulating lipopeptide-1 (FSL-1), a M. salivarium–derived ligand. Transcripts and proteins quantity was then measured by RT–quantitative PCR and Western blotting, respectively. NLRP7 and ASC colocalization was confirmed by immunofluorescence. Western blots allowed analysis of pro–caspase-1 and gasdermin D cleavage. Results: NLRP7, ASC, and caspase-1 transcripts were expressed in both sheets of human fetal membranes during all pregnancy stages, but only ASC protein expression was increased with labor. In addition, M. salivarium and M. fermentans were detected for the first time in human fetal membranes. NLRP7 and caspase-1 transcripts, as well as NLRP7, ASC, and pro–caspase-1 protein levels, were increased in FSL-1–treated AECs. The NLRP7 inflammasome assembled around the nucleus, and pro–caspase-1 and gasdermin D were cleaved into their mature forms after FSL-1 stimulation. Conclusion: Two new mycoplasmas, M. salivarium and M. fermentans, were identified in human fetal membranes, and a lipopeptide derived from M. salivarium was found to induce NLRP7 inflammasome formation in AECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyne Lavergne
- Genetics, Reproduction and Development (GReD) Laboratory, Clermont Auvergne University, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Translational Approach to Epithelial Injury and Repair Team, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Corinne Belville
- Genetics, Reproduction and Development (GReD) Laboratory, Clermont Auvergne University, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Translational Approach to Epithelial Injury and Repair Team, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Héléna Choltus
- Genetics, Reproduction and Development (GReD) Laboratory, Clermont Auvergne University, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Translational Approach to Epithelial Injury and Repair Team, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Christelle Gross
- Genetics, Reproduction and Development (GReD) Laboratory, Clermont Auvergne University, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Translational Approach to Epithelial Injury and Repair Team, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Régine Minet-Quinard
- Genetics, Reproduction and Development (GReD) Laboratory, Clermont Auvergne University, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Translational Approach to Epithelial Injury and Repair Team, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Denis Gallot
- Genetics, Reproduction and Development (GReD) Laboratory, Clermont Auvergne University, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Translational Approach to Epithelial Injury and Repair Team, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Vincent Sapin
- Genetics, Reproduction and Development (GReD) Laboratory, Clermont Auvergne University, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Translational Approach to Epithelial Injury and Repair Team, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Loïc Blanchon
- Genetics, Reproduction and Development (GReD) Laboratory, Clermont Auvergne University, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Translational Approach to Epithelial Injury and Repair Team, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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21
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Richardson L, Kim S, Menon R, Han A. Organ-On-Chip Technology: The Future of Feto-Maternal Interface Research? Front Physiol 2020; 11:715. [PMID: 32695021 PMCID: PMC7338764 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The placenta and fetal membrane act as a protective barrier throughout pregnancy while maintaining communication and nutrient exchange between the baby and the mother. Disruption of this barrier leads to various pregnancy complications, including preterm birth, which can have lasting negative consequences. Thus, understanding the role of the feto-maternal interface during pregnancy and parturition is vital to advancing basic and clinical research in the field of obstetrics. However, human subject studies are inherently difficult, and appropriate animal models are lacking. Due to these challenges, in vitro cell culture-based studies are most commonly utilized. However, the structure and functions of conventionally used in vitro 2D and 3D models are vastly different from the in vivo environment, making it difficult to fully understand the various factors affecting pregnancy as well as pathways and mechanisms contributing to term and preterm births. This limitation also makes it difficult to develop new therapeutics. The emergence of in vivo-like in vitro models such as organ-on-chip (OOC) platforms can better recapitulate in vivo functions and responses and has the potential to move this field forward significantly. OOC technology brings together two distinct fields, microfluidic engineering and cell/tissue biology, through which diverse human organ structures and functionalities can be built into a laboratory model that better mimics functions and responses of in vivo tissues and organs. In this review, we first provide an overview of the OOC technology, highlight two major designs commonly used in achieving multi-layer co-cultivation of cells, and introduce recently developed OOC models of the feto-maternal interface. As a vital component of this review, we aim to outline progress on the practicality and effectiveness of feto-maternal interface OOC (FM-OOC) models currently used and the advances they have fostered in obstetrics research. Lastly, we provide a perspective on the future basic research and clinical applications of FM-OOC models, and even those that integrate multiple organ systems into a single OOC system that may recreate intrauterine architecture in its entirety, which will accelerate our understanding of feto-maternal communication, induction of preterm labor, drug or toxicant permeability at this vital interface, and development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Richardson
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Sungjin Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Arum Han
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
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22
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Padron JG, Saito Reis CA, Kendal-Wright CE. The Role of Danger Associated Molecular Patterns in Human Fetal Membrane Weakening. Front Physiol 2020; 11:602. [PMID: 32625109 PMCID: PMC7311766 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The idea that cellular stress (including that precipitated by stretch), plays a significant role in the mechanisms initiating parturition, has gained considerable traction over the last decade. One key consequence of this cellular stress is the increased production of Danger Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs). This diverse family of molecules are known to initiate inflammation through their interaction with Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) including, Toll-like receptors (TLRs). TLRs are the key innate immune system surveillance receptors that detect Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) during bacterial and viral infection. This is also seen during Chorioamnionitis. The activation of TLR commonly results in the activation of the pro-inflammatory transcription factor Nuclear Factor Kappa-B (NF-kB) and the downstream production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. It is thought that in the human fetal membranes both DAMPs and PAMPs are able, perhaps via their interaction with PRRs and the induction of their downstream inflammatory cascades, to lead to both tissue remodeling and weakening. Due to the high incidence of infection-driven Pre-Term Birth (PTB), including those that have preterm Premature Rupture of the Membranes (pPROM), the role of TLR in fetal membranes with Chorioamnionitis has been the subject of considerable study. Most of the work in this field has focused on the effect of PAMPs on whole pieces of fetal membrane and the resultant inflammatory cascade. This is important to understand, in order to develop novel prevention, detection, and therapeutic approaches, which aim to reduce the high number of mothers suffering from infection driven PTB, including those with pPROM. Studying the role of sterile inflammation driven by these endogenous ligands (DAMPs) activating PRRs system in the mesenchymal and epithelial cells in the amnion is important. These cells are key for the maintenance of the integrity and strength of the human fetal membranes. This review aims to (1) summarize the knowledge to date pertinent to the role of DAMPs and PRRs in fetal membrane weakening and (2) discuss the clinical potential brought by a better understanding of these pathways by pathway manipulation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin G Padron
- Anatomy, Biochemistry and Physiology, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Chelsea A Saito Reis
- Natural Science and Mathematics, Chaminade University of Honolulu, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Claire E Kendal-Wright
- Natural Science and Mathematics, Chaminade University of Honolulu, Honolulu, HI, United States.,Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
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23
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Loch-Caruso R, Korte CS, Hogan KA, Liao S, Harris C. Tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide Stimulated Apoptosis Independent of Prostaglandin E 2 and IL-6 in the HTR-8/SVneo Human Placental Cell Line. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:2104-2114. [PMID: 32542535 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00231-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Significant gaps exist in our knowledge of how cellular redox status, sometimes referred to as oxidative stress, impacts placental trophoblasts. The present study used tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as a known generator of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the extravillous trophoblast cell line HTR-8/SVneo to examine the role of cellular redox disruption of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and the cytokine IL-6 in cell death. Cells were exposed to 0, 12.5, 25, or 50 μM TBHP for 4, 8, and 24 h to ascertain effects on cell viability, caspase 3/7 activity, PGE2 release, PTGS2 mRNA expression, and IL-6 release. Experiments with inhibitors included the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin, mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors (PD169316, U0126, or SP600125), or treatments to counter expected consequences of TBHP-stimulated generation of ROS (deferoxamine [DFO], butylated hydroxyanisole [BHA], and N,N'-diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine [DPPD]) using 24-h exposure to 50 μM TBHP. Cell viability, measured by ATP content, decreased 24% relative to controls with a 24-h exposure to 50 μM TBHP, but not at lower TBHP concentrations nor at earlier time points. Exposure to 50 μM TBHP increased caspase 3/7 activity, an indicator of apoptosis, after 8 and 24 h. Antioxidant treatment markedly reduced TBHP-stimulated caspase 3/7 activity, PGE2 release, and IL-6 release. TBHP-stimulated IL-6 release was blocked by PD169316 but unaltered by indomethacin. These data suggest that TBHP-stimulated IL-6 release and caspase 3/7 activation were independent of PGE2 yet were interrupted by treatments with known antioxidant properties, providing new insight into relationships between PGE2, IL-6, and apoptosis under conditions of chemically induced cellular oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Loch-Caruso
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2029, USA.
| | - Cassandra S Korte
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2029, USA.,College of Arts and Sciences, Lynn University, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA
| | - Kelly A Hogan
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2029, USA.,Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Sarah Liao
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2029, USA.,Ardent Mills LCC, Denver, CO, 80202, USA
| | - Craig Harris
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2029, USA
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24
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Harris SM, Boldenow E, Domino SE, Loch-Caruso R. Toxicant Disruption of Immune Defenses: Potential Implications for Fetal Membranes and Pregnancy. Front Physiol 2020; 11:565. [PMID: 32547423 PMCID: PMC7272693 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to providing a physical compartment for gestation, the fetal membranes (FM) are an active immunological barrier that provides defense against pathogenic microorganisms that ascend the gravid reproductive tract. Pathogenic infection of the gestational tissues (FM and placenta) is a leading known cause of preterm birth (PTB). Some environmental toxicants decrease the capacity for organisms to mount an immune defense against pathogens. For example, the immunosuppressive effects of the widespread environmental contaminant trichloroethylene (TCE) are documented for lung infection with Streptococcus zooepidemicus. Group B Streptococcus (GBS; Streptococcus agalactiae) is a bacterial pathogen that is frequently found in the female reproductive tract and can colonize the FM in pregnant women. Work in our laboratory has demonstrated that a bioactive TCE metabolite, S-(1, 2-dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine (DCVC), potently inhibits innate immune responses to GBS in human FM in culture. Despite these provocative findings, little is known about how DCVC and other toxicants modify the risk for pathogenic infection of FM. Infection of the gestational tissues (FM and placenta) is a leading known cause of PTB, therefore toxicant compromise of FM ability to fight off infectious microorganisms could significantly contribute to PTB risk. This Perspective provides the current status of understanding of toxicant-pathogen interactions in FM, highlighting knowledge gaps, challenges, and opportunities for research that can advance protections for maternal and fetal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M. Harris
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Erica Boldenow
- Department of Biology, Calvin College, Grand Rapids, MI, United States
| | - Steven E. Domino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Rita Loch-Caruso
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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25
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Cappelletti M, Presicce P, Kallapur SG. Immunobiology of Acute Chorioamnionitis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:649. [PMID: 32373122 PMCID: PMC7177011 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute chorioamnionitis is characterized by neutrophilic infiltration and inflammation at the maternal fetal interface. It is a relatively common complication of pregnancy and can have devastating consequences including preterm labor, maternal infections, fetal infection/inflammation, fetal lung, brain, and gastrointestinal tract injury. In this review, we will discuss current understanding of the pathogenesis, immunobiology, and mechanisms of this condition. Most commonly, acute chorioamnionitis is a result of ascending infection with relatively low-virulence organisms such as the Ureaplasma species. Furthermore, recent vaginal microbiome studies suggest that there is a link between vaginal dysbiosis, vaginal inflammation, and ascending infection. Although less common, microorganisms invading the maternal-fetal interface via hematogenous route (e.g., Zika virus, Cytomegalovirus, and Listeria) can cause placental villitis and severe fetal inflammation and injury. We will provide an overview of the knowledge gleaned from different animal models of acute chorioamnionitis and the role of different immune cells in different maternal-fetal compartments. Lastly, we will discuss how infectious agents can break the maternal tolerance of fetal allograft during pregnancy and highlight the novel future therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Cappelletti
- Divisions of Neonatology and Developmental Biology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Pietro Presicce
- Divisions of Neonatology and Developmental Biology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Suhas G Kallapur
- Divisions of Neonatology and Developmental Biology, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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26
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Nickodem CA, Menon R, McDonald T, Taylor BD. Circulating Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Preterm Birth: A Pilot Case-Control Study. Reprod Sci 2020; 27:1181-1186. [PMID: 32046422 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-019-00126-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are by-products from microbial metabolism of fibers with anti-inflammatory effects. SCFAs may mitigate inflammatory conditions such as obesity through modulation of histone acetylation. Lipid metabolism and inflammation play critical roles during pregnancy. However, few studies have examined maternal SCFAs in relation to pregnancy outcomes. This pilot study examined plasma SCFAs in spontaneous preterm birth. This study used stored plasma from an existing cohort to measure seven (proponic acid, methanoic acid, butanoic acid, isovaleric acid, pentanoic acid, methylpropylbutanoic and methylbutanoic acids) SCFAs in 20 women with spontaneous preterm delivery (< 37 weeks gestation) and 30 women with a healthy term delivery (≥ 37 weeks gestation). All women had singleton pregnancies and provided serum at the time of admission to labor and delivery. SCFAs were measured by purge and trap gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. SCFAs were log transformed. Logistic regression with penalized likelihood approach examined associations between SCFAs and preterm birth, adjusting for age, BMI, and race. We also explored if SCFAs had a linear association with pre-pregnancy BMI. Propionic acid had a negative association with preterm birth [odds ratioadj: 0.56, 95% confidence interval 0.41-0.86). There was a negative association between propionic acid and BMI after adjustments (β = -0.14, p = 0.0011). No other associations were found. Lower levels of propionic acid were associated with preterm birth and correlated with higher BMI. Larger studies should explore if circulatory SCFAs protect against inflammatory pathways during pregnancy and are associated with adverse outcomes when measured earlier in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colette A Nickodem
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, 400 Bizzell St, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perinatal Research Division, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Thomas McDonald
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, 400 Bizzell St, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Brandie DePaoli Taylor
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, 400 Bizzell St, College Station, TX, 77843, USA. .,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Temple University, 1801 N Broad St, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA.
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Wang K, Tian Y, Zheng H, Shan S, Zhao X, Liu C. Maternal exposure to ambient fine particulate matter and risk of premature rupture of membranes in Wuhan, Central China: a cohort study. Environ Health 2019; 18:96. [PMID: 31727105 PMCID: PMC6857323 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-019-0534-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The associations between maternal exposure to ambient PM2.5 during pregnancy and the risk of premature rupture of membranes (PROM) and preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) are controversial. And no relevant study has been conducted in Asia. This study aimed to determine the association between maternal exposure to ambient PM2.5 during pregnancy and the risk of (P)PROM. METHODS A cohort study including all singleton births in a hospital located in Central China from January 2015 through December 2017 was conducted. Multivariable logistic regression models, stratified analysis, generalized additive model, and two-piece-wise linear regression were conducted to evaluate how exposure to ambient PM2.5 during pregnancy is associated with the risks of PROM and PPROM. RESULTS A total of 4364 participants were included in the final analysis, where 11.71 and 2.34% of births were complicated by PROM and PPROM, respectively. The level of PM2.5 exhibited a degree of seasonal variation, and its median concentrations were 63.7, 59.3, 55.8, and 61.8 μg/m3 for the first trimester, second trimester, third trimester, and the whole duration of pregnancy, respectively. After adjustment for potential confounders, PROM was positively associated with PM2.5 exposure (per 10 μg/m3) [Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.14, 95% Confidence Interval (CI), 1.02-1.26 for the first trimester; OR = 1.09, 95% CI, 1.00-1.18 for the second trimester; OR = 1.13, 95% CI, 1.03-1.24 for the third trimester; OR = 1.35, 95% CI, 1.12-1.63 for the whole pregnancy]. PPROM had positive relationship with PM2.5 exposure (per 10 μg/m3) (OR = 1.17, 95% CI, 0.94-1.45 for first trimester; OR = 1.11, 95% CI, 0.92-1.33 for second trimester; OR = 1.19, 95% CI, 0.99-1.44 for third trimester; OR = 1.53, 95% CI, 1.03-2.27 for the whole pregnancy) Positive trends between the acute exposure window (mean concentration of PM2.5 in the last week and day of pregnancy) and risks of PROM and PPROM were also observed. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to ambient PM2.5 during pregnancy was associated with the risk of PROM and PPROM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Yu Tian
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Huabo Zheng
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Shengshuai Shan
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Xiaofang Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
| | - Chengyun Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022 China
- The First People’s Hospital of Jiangxia District, Wuhan City & Union Jiangnan Hospital, HUST, Wuhan, 430200 China
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Sisti G, Paccosi S, Parenti A, Seravalli V, Di Tommaso M, Witkin SS. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 predicts preterm premature rupture of membranes in twin pregnancies. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2019; 300:583-587. [PMID: 31201536 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-019-05214-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mechanisms leading to preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) remain incompletely defined. Based on the elevated occurrence of PPROM in twin gestations and recent studies of the involvement of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) in the inhibition of collagen production we hypothesized that serum IGFBP-1 levels might be predictive of susceptibility to PPROM in women with twins. METHODS In this prospective study peripheral blood was obtained from 58 women with twin gestations prior to 20 weeks gestation and sera analyzed by ELISA for concentrations of IGFBP-1. Demographic and clinical outcome data were subsequently obtained and associations between IGFBP-1 and PPROM were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney test and receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis. RESULTS Eight of our subjects developed PPROM. They did not differ from the other women in demographics, medical history or current pregnancy outcome parameters. However, median IGFBP-1 levels were higher in women who subsequently developed PPROM (59.3 ng/ml) than in the other women (46.6 ng/ml) (p = 0.042). Using a cutoff value of 53.9 ng/ml the circulating IGFBP-1 level predicted development of PPROM with a sensitivity of 74%, specificity of 75%, a negative predictive value of 97% and a positive predictive value of 20%. CONCLUSIONS Pending validation in larger studies the findings suggest that determination of serum IGFBP-1 levels in women with twin pregnancies may predict the later development of PPROM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Sisti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lincoln Medical and Mental Health Center, 5th floor, 234 East 149th Street, Bronx, NY, 10451, USA. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Sara Paccosi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Astrid Parenti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Viola Seravalli
- Department of Health Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology Branch, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Di Tommaso
- Department of Health Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology Branch, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Steven S Witkin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Richardson L, Jeong S, Kim S, Han A, Menon R. Amnion membrane organ-on-chip: an innovative approach to study cellular interactions. FASEB J 2019; 33:8945-8960. [PMID: 31039044 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900020rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The amnion membrane that lines the human intrauterine cavity is composed of amnion epithelial cells (AECs) connected to an extracellular matrix containing amnion mesenchymal cells (AMCs) through a basement membrane. Cellular interactions and transitions are mechanisms that facilitate membrane remodeling to maintain its integrity. Dysregulation of cellular remodeling, primarily mediated by oxidative stress (OS), is often associated with preterm birth. However, the mechanisms that maintain membrane homeostasis remain unclear. To understand these mechanisms, we developed an amnion membrane organ-on-chip (AM-OOC) and tested the interactive and transition properties of primary human AECs and AMCs under normal and OS conditions. AM-OOC contained 2 chambers connected by type IV collagen-coated microchannels, allowing independent culture conditions that permitted cellular migration and interactions. Cells grown either independently or coculture were exposed to OS inducing cigarette smoke extract, antioxidant N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), or both. When grown independently, AECs transitioned to AMCs and migrated, whereas AMCs migrated without transition. OS caused AECs' transition but prevented migration, whereas AMCs' migration was unhindered. Coculture of cells facilitated transition, migration, and eventual integration in the contiguous population. OS cotreatment in both chambers facilitated AECs' transition, prevented migration, and increased inflammation, a process that was prevented by NAC. AM-OOC recapitulated cellular mechanisms observed in utero and enabled experimental manipulation of cells to determine their roles during pregnancy and parturition.-Richardson, L., Jeong, S., Kim, S., Han, A., Menon, R. Amnion membrane organ-on-chip: an innovative approach to study cellular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Richardson
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Sehoon Jeong
- Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Sungjin Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Arum Han
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
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Richardson L, Gnecco J, Ding T, Osteen K, Rogers LM, Aronoff DM, Menon R. Fetal Membrane Organ-On-Chip: An Innovative Approach to Study Cellular Interactions. Reprod Sci 2019:1933719119828084. [PMID: 30791822 DOI: 10.1177/1933719119828084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Fetal membranes, a vital component that helps maintain pregnancy and contribute to parturition signaling, are often studied in segments due to its structural complexity. Transwells are traditionally used to study cell interactions; however, their usefulness is limited. To overcome these difficulties, a fetal membrane-organ-on-chip (FM-OO-C) was created to study interactive properties of amnion epithelial cells (AECs) and decidual cells compared to transwell systems. METHODS: Primary AECs and decidual cells from term, nonlaboring fetal membranes were cultured in a 2-chamber (AEC/decidual cell) FM-OO-C device and sandwiched between a semipermeable membrane. Cells were treated with cigarette smoke extract (CSE) or dioxin, and membrane permeability and cellular senescence were measured after 48 hours. The same experiments were conducted in transwells for comparisons. RESULTS: Compared to transwell cultures, FM-OO-C model produced better membrane permeability readings regardless of the side of treatment or time point. Membrane permeabilization was higher in AECs directly treated with CSE (1.6 fold) compared to similar treatment on the decidual side (1.2 fold). In FM-OO-C, treatments forced changes between cellular layers. This was evident when CSE and dioxin-induced senescence on one side of the chamber produced similar changes on the opposite side. This effect was minimal in the transwell system. CONCLUSION: The controlled environment of an FM-OO-C allows for improved signal propagation between cells by minimizing noise and highlighting the small changes between treatments that cannot be seen in conventional transwell devices. Fetal membrane-organ-on-chip provides a better interaction between cell types that can be used to study fetal-maternal signaling during pregnancy in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Richardson
- 1 Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine & Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
- 2 Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology & Anatomy, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Juan Gnecco
- 3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- 4 Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN, USA
| | - Tianbing Ding
- 3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kevin Osteen
- 3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- 4 Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN, USA
| | - Lisa M Rogers
- 5 Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - David M Aronoff
- 3 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- 4 Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Microbiology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN, USA
- 5 Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- 1 Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine & Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
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Smoking alters hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase expression in fetal membranes. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 82:18-24. [PMID: 30248390 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The way in which tobacco smoking increases the risk of preterm labor remains uncertain. Altered prostaglandin metabolism is one potential mechanism. METHODS Proteins in fetal membrane samples (amniochoriodecidua) from 20 women were relatively quantified using Tandem Mass Tagging nano-liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. RESULTS Prostaglandin synthases and two enzymes involved in prostaglandin degradation, hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (HPGD) and CBR1, were detected by the mass spectrometer. The expression of HPGD was significantly lower in smokers relative to non-smokers (0.43 fold, p = 0.016). There was no effect of labor, inflammatory status or gestational age on the HPGD levels. DISCUSSION We describe for the first time an association between maternal smoking and HPGD expression. We propose that reduced expression of HPGD is one mechanism through which smoking may contribute to preterm labor. Lower levels of this enzyme, key to metabolising prostaglandins, may result in higher levels of prostaglandins and therefore precipitate labor prematurely.
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Lu J, Wang Z, Cao J, Chen Y, Dong Y. A novel and compact review on the role of oxidative stress in female reproduction. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2018; 16:80. [PMID: 30126412 PMCID: PMC6102891 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-018-0391-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the study of oxidative stress (OS) has become increasingly popular. In particular, the role of OS on female fertility is very important and has been focused on closely. The occurrence of OS is due to the excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are a double-edged sword; they not only play an important role as secondary messengers in many intracellular signaling cascades, but they also exert indispensable effects on pathological processes involving the female genital tract. ROS and antioxidants join in the regulation of reproductive processes in both animals and humans. Imbalances between pro-oxidants and antioxidants could lead to a number of female reproductive diseases. This review focuses on the mechanism of OS and a series of female reproductive processes, explaining the role of OS in female reproduction and female reproductive diseases caused by OS, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, preeclampsia and so on. Many signaling pathways involved in female reproduction, including the Keap1-Nrf2, NF-κB, FOXO and MAPK pathways, which are affected by OS, are described, providing new ideas for the mechanism of reproductive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin Lu
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, College of Animal Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zixu Wang
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, College of Animal Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Cao
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, College of Animal Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaoxing Chen
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, College of Animal Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yulan Dong
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, College of Animal Medicine, China Agricultural University, Haidian, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China
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Ayad MT, Taylor BD, Menon R. Regulation of p38 mitogen-activated kinase-mediated fetal membrane senescence by statins. Am J Reprod Immunol 2018; 80:e12999. [PMID: 29911323 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Oxidative stress (OS)-induced, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK)-mediated chorioamniotic senescence and inflammation (senescence-associated secretory phenotype [SASP]) are associated with parturition. In response to OS-inducing risk factors, premature senescence contributes to preterm premature rupture of the membranes (pPROM) and spontaneous preterm birth (PTB). We determined the effect of simvastatin, rosuvastatin, and progesterone in downregulating p38MAPK-mediated senescence and SASP. METHOD OF STUDY Normal term, not-in-labor fetal membranes (n = 8) were exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE: OS inducer) alone or combined with simvastatin (100 and 200 ng/mL), rosuvastatin (100 and 200 ng/mL), and progesterone (10-6 mol/L). p38MAPK expression changes were studied by Western blot, senescence was determined by senescence-associated β-Galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) staining, and multiplex analysis determined changes associated with 4 SASP markers (IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, and GM-CSF). A pairwise comparison between groups was conducted by ANOVA. RESULTS Compared to untreated controls, CSE induced p38MAPK-mediated senescence and SASP. CSE cotreatment with simvastatin and rosuvastatin significantly reduced p38MAPK activation, senescence (decrease in SA-β-Gal) and SASP markers, GM-CSF, and TNF, but not IL-8, while increasing anti-inflammatory IL-10 in a dose-dependent manner. Cotreatment of CSE and progesterone had no effect on reducing p38MAPK activation, senescence, or SASP. CONCLUSION Both simvastatin and rosuvastatin downregulated OS-induced p38MAPK activation, senescence, and SASP, while rosuvastatin showed a pronounced effect. Progesterone did not reduce OS-induced fetal membrane senescence and SASP. Simvastatin or rosuvastatin may reduce the incidences of OS-associated PTB and pPROM by preventing premature senescence and SASP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina T Ayad
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine & Perinatal Research, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Brandie D Taylor
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine & Perinatal Research, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
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Wang W, Chen ZJ, Myatt L, Sun K. 11β-HSD1 in Human Fetal Membranes as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Preterm Birth. Endocr Rev 2018; 39:241-260. [PMID: 29385440 DOI: 10.1210/er.2017-00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Human parturition is a complex process involving interactions between the myometrium and signals derived from the placenta, fetal membranes, and fetus. Signals originating from fetal membranes are crucial components that trigger parturition, which is clearly illustrated by the labor-initiating consequence of membrane rupture. It has been recognized for a long time that among fetal tissues in late gestation the fetal membranes possess the highest capacity for cortisol regeneration by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1). However, the exact role of this unique feature remains a mystery. Accumulating evidence indicates that this extra-adrenal source of cortisol may serve as an upstream signal for critical events in human parturition, including enhanced prostaglandin and estrogen synthesis as well as extracellular matrix remodeling. This may explain why such high capacity for cortisol regeneration develops in human fetal membranes at late gestation. Therefore, inhibition of 11β-HSD1 may provide a potential therapeutic target for prevention of preterm birth. This review summarizes the current understanding of the functional role of cortisol regeneration by 11β-HSD1 in human fetal membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangsheng Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Leslie Myatt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Kang Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Feng L, Allen TK, Marinello WP, Murtha AP. Roles of Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component 1 in Oxidative Stress-Induced Aging in Chorion Cells. Reprod Sci 2018; 26:394-403. [PMID: 29783884 DOI: 10.1177/1933719118776790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxidative stress-mediated fetal membrane cell aging is activated prematurely in preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROMs). The mechanism of this phenomenon is largely understudied. Progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1) has been recognized as a potential protective component for maintaining fetal membrane integrity and healthy pregnancies. We aimed to investigate the effects of oxidative stress (represented by hydrogen peroxide [H2O2]) on fetal membrane and chorion cell senescence, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation, and sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) and to examine the roles of PGRMC1 in these effects. METHODS Following serum starvation for 24 hours, full-thickness fetal membrane explants and primary chorion cells were treated with H2O2 at 100, 300, and 500 µM for 24 hours. Cells were fixed for cell senescence-associated β-galactosidase assay. Cell lysates were harvested for quantitive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to quantify SIRT3 messenger RNA. Cell lysates were harvested for Western blot to semi-quantify SIRT3 protein and p38 MAPK phosphorylation levels, respectively. To examine the role of PGRMC1, primary chorion cells underwent the same treatment mentioned above following PGRMC1 knockdown using validated PGRMC1-specific small-interfering RNA. RESULTS Hydrogen peroxide significantly induced cell senescence and p38 MAPK phosphorylation, and it significantly decreased SIRT3 expression in full-thickness fetal membrane explants and chorion cells. These effects were enhanced by PGRMC1 knockdown. DISCUSSION This study further demonstrated that oxidative stress-induced cell aging is one of the mechanisms of PPROM and PGRMC1 acts as a protective element for maintaining fetal membrane integrity by inhibiting oxidative stress-induced chorion cell aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Feng
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,2 Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Terrence K Allen
- 3 Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Amy P Murtha
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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Polettini J, Richardson LS, Menon R. Oxidative stress induces senescence and sterile inflammation in murine amniotic cavity. Placenta 2018; 63:26-31. [PMID: 29486853 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A physiologic increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is observed through pregnancy. ROS-induced damage to major cellular elements, specifically protein peroxidation, can lead to fetal and placental tissue senescence and inflammation often associated with normal parturition. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of oxidative stress (OS) in inducing changes in proteins, senescence, and sterile inflammation in pregnant mice. METHODS CD-1 mice (n = 5/group) on day 14 of gestation were subjected to minilaparotomy and the uterine horn between gestational sacs was injected with the following: saline (control), cigarette smoke extract (CSE) CSE diluted in saline and CSE + SB 203580 (SB) (a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor). Mice were sacrificed on day 18, and amniotic sacs, placentas and amniotic fluid (AF) were collected. Protein damage was evaluated by immunostaining for 3-Nitrotyrosine modified proteins (3-NT). Activation of prosenescence p38MAPK was evaluated by western blot. Senescence features, β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) and AF inflammatory cytokines were analyzed by immunostaining and multiplex luminex-based immunoassays, respectively. The data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test, p < .05 was used for significance. RESULTS Amniotic sac from CSE-treated animals showed significant protein peroxidation compared to control as indicated by 3-NT staining. CSE activated p38MAPK phosphorylation in amniotic sac but not in placenta. Membrane p38MAPK activation was reduced after treatment with SB. CSE increased fetal membrane senescence (staining for SA-β-Gal) and increased AF concentrations of all evaluated cytokines. High inflammation correlated with pup loss and a decrease in placental weight. Treatment with p38MAPK inhibitor (SB) minimized damages, senescence and sterile inflammation. CONCLUSION OS induction by cigarette smoke extract cause fetal tissue protein damage, p38MAPK activation, senescence and sterile inflammation in the amniotic cavity of mouse. Prevention of p38MAPK activation can be a novel approach to prevention of adverse pregnancy outcomes related to OS induced premature senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jossimara Polettini
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States; Department of Pathology, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lauren S Richardson
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States; Department of Neurobiology, Cell, and Anatomy, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States.
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Lee HM, Choi KC. Cigarette smoke extract and isoprene resulted in the induction of apoptosis and autophagy in human placenta choriocarcinoma JEG-3 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2018; 33:178-190. [PMID: 29135079 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of cigarette smoke (CS) on the induction of apoptosis via reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) of JEG-3 human choriocarcinoma cells were examined to confirm the relationship between CS and placenta development. Upon TUNEL assay, CS extract (3R4F; 0.3 and 2.1 μM) increased JEG-3 apoptosis. Western blot assay revealed that the protein expressions of p53, Bax, and CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) increased, while the levels of Bcl-2 were reduced following CS extract treatment. Moreover, 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay revealed increased ROS production. Upon 3-(4-5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2.5-dyhphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, isoprene (IP), one of ingredients of CS, deceased JEG-3 cell viability (10-11 to 10-6 M). After based on the MTT assay, two IP concentrations of 10-11 and 10-8 M were selected and the protein expressions of cyclin D1, cyclin E1, p21, and p27 decreased in response to IP. Furthermore, IP showed the greatest increase in autophagy at 24 hours and further induction of cell death at 72 hours upon monodansylacadaverine and TUNEL assay. Western blot analysis confirmed the increase in autophagy markers, LC3β and p62, as well as the increase or decrease of apoptosis markers p53, Bax, CHOP, and Bcl-2 in response to its treatments. In addition to confirming increases in ROS through DCFH-DA, we also confirmed the expression of Nrf2, an antioxidant marker, and the expression of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), which specifically degrades Nrf2, by Western blot. Taken together, these results indicate that CS and IP may inhibit the development of placenta via activation of ROS by inducing apoptosis and autophagy by affecting the expression of KEAP1, which regulates Nrf2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Miru Lee
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
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Sultana Z, Maiti K, Dedman L, Smith R. Is there a role for placental senescence in the genesis of obstetric complications and fetal growth restriction? Am J Obstet Gynecol 2018; 218:S762-S773. [PMID: 29275823 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.11.567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The placenta ages as pregnancy advances, yet its continued function is required for a successful pregnancy outcome. Placental aging is a physiological phenomenon; however, there are some placentas that show signs of aging earlier than others. Premature placental senescence and aging are implicated in a number of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia, spontaneous preterm birth, and intrauterine fetal death. Here we discuss cellular senescence, a state of terminal proliferation arrest, and how senescence is regulated. We also explore the role of physiological placental senescence and how aberrant placental senescence alters placental function, contributing to the pathophysiology of fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia, spontaneous preterm labor/birth, and unexplained fetal death.
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Norishadkam M, Andishmand S, Zavar Reza J, Zare Sakhvidi MJ, Hachesoo VR. Oxidative stress and DNA damage in the cord blood of preterm infants. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2017; 824:20-24. [PMID: 29150046 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Preterm birth infants are more susceptible to oxidative stress and aftermaths unwanted outcomes such as DNA damage due to hyperoxic stress. In this study, we compared the DNA strand breaks as one of the results of DNA oxidation in white blood cells, malondialdehyde (oxidative stress marker), catalase and superoxide dismutase activity, and total antioxidant capacity (markers of antioxidant defense) in a cord blood plasma of a group of preterm (n=25) and full term births (n=25). The primary DNA damage and plasma oxidative stress markers were significantly higher in a preterm group (p<0.05). Cord plasma activity of superoxide dismutase was significantly lower in preterm infants (p≤0.001). However, there were no significant differences in the cord blood total antioxidant capacity, catalase activity and malondialdehyde in preterm and term infants. Among the oxidative stress markers, the malondialdehyde concentration showed the strongest effect size (1.54; 95%CI: 0.9-2.17). For comet parameters, the most powerful effect size was observed for tail length (5.24; 95% CI: 4.05-6.42). However, tail DNA percent and tail moment were also significantly higher in cases compared to controls. Significant negative correlation was observed between comet assay parameters and birth weight and gestational age when all cases and controls entered into the analysis. There was no significant association between the levels of oxidative stress markers and early DNA damage in cord blood plasma with future nutritional tolerance in preterm infants. In the present study, the primary DNA damage and plasma oxidative stress markers significantly were increased in a preterm group. Preterm babies are more prone to the outcomes related to the early DNA damage. Tail DNA percent does not depend on experimental conditions as other parameters (tail length and thus also tail moment) and can be used for comparison with other studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Norishadkam
- Mother and Newborn Health Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Soudeh Andishmand
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Javad Zavar Reza
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Javad Zare Sakhvidi
- Department of Occupational Health, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
| | - Vida Rezae Hachesoo
- Department of Occupational Health, Faculty of Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Brohi RD, Wang L, Talpur HS, Wu D, Khan FA, Bhattarai D, Rehman ZU, Farmanullah F, Huo LJ. Toxicity of Nanoparticles on the Reproductive System in Animal Models: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:606. [PMID: 28928662 PMCID: PMC5591883 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last two decades, nanotechnologies demonstrated various applications in different fields, including detection, sensing, catalysis, electronics, and biomedical sciences. However, public concerns regarding the well-being of human may hinder the wide utilization of this promising innovation. Although, humans are exposed to airborne nanosized particles from an early age, exposure to such particles has risen dramatically within the last century due to anthropogenic sources of nanoparticles. The wide application of nanomaterials in industry, consumer products, and medicine has raised concerns regarding the potential toxicity of nanoparticles in humans. In this review, the effects of nanomaterials on the reproductive system in animal models are discussed. Females are particularly more vulnerable to nanoparticle toxicity, and toxicity in this population may affect reproductivity and fetal development. Moreover, various types of nanoparticles have negative impacts on male germ cells, fetal development, and the female reproductive system. These impacts are associated with nanoparticle modification, composition, concentration, route of administration, and the species of the animal. Therefore, understanding the impacts of nanoparticles on animal growth and reproduction is essential. Many studies have examined the effects of nanoparticles on primary and secondary target organs, with a concentration on the in vivo and in vitro effects of nanoparticles on the male and female reproductive systems at the clinical, cellular, and molecular levels. This review provides important information regarding organism safety and the potential hazards of nanoparticle use and supports the application of nanotechnologies by minimizing the adverse effects of nanoparticles in vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahim Dad Brohi
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China.,Department of Hubei Province's Engineering Research Center in Buffalo Breeding and Products, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China.,Department of Hubei Province's Engineering Research Center in Buffalo Breeding and Products, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Hira Sajjad Talpur
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China.,Department of Hubei Province's Engineering Research Center in Buffalo Breeding and Products, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China.,Department of Hubei Province's Engineering Research Center in Buffalo Breeding and Products, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Farhan Anwar Khan
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Dinesh Bhattarai
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China.,Department of Hubei Province's Engineering Research Center in Buffalo Breeding and Products, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Zia-Ur Rehman
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China.,Department of Hubei Province's Engineering Research Center in Buffalo Breeding and Products, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - F Farmanullah
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China.,Department of Hubei Province's Engineering Research Center in Buffalo Breeding and Products, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Li-Jun Huo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Ministry of China, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China.,Department of Hubei Province's Engineering Research Center in Buffalo Breeding and Products, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
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Rouzaire M, Comptour A, Belville C, Bouvier D, Sapin V, Gallot D, Blanchon L. Cigarette smoke condensate affects the retinoid pathway in human amnion. Placenta 2017; 58:98-104. [PMID: 28962704 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.08.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) is a frequent pathology responsible of more than 30% of preterm births. Tobacco smoking is one of the most frequently described risk factors identified and contributes to the pre term weakening of fetal membranes. As previously demonstrated, all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) regulates several genes involved in the extracellular matrix dynamics, an essential actor in fetal membrane ruptures. We hypothesized that cigarette smoke may affect this pathway in human amnion. METHODS Amnion was obtained from full-term fetal membranes collected from non-smoking women after cesarean births and used either as explants or for the isolation of derived epithelial cells. The pro-healing and transcriptomic effects of atRA were studied by a scratch assay experiment and quantitative RT-PCR, respectively, after treatment with dimethyl sulfoxyde (DMSO), atRA, DMSO + cigarette smoke condensate (CSC), or atRA + CSC. RESULTS Our results show a strong alteration of the retinoid pathway after CSC treatment on amnion-derived epithelial cells and explants. We first demonstrated that CSC inhibits the activity of the RARE reporter gene in amnion-derived epithelial cells. Then, atRA's effects on both the transcription of its target genes and wound healing were demonstrated to be inhibited or at least decreased by the CSC in human amnion epithelial cells. DISCUSSION Here, we demonstrated that CSC altered the retinoid signal, already known to have roles in fetal membrane physiopathology. These results highlight a potential negative action of maternal smoking on the retinoid pathway in human amnion and more generally on pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Rouzaire
- Team "Translational Approach to Epithelial Injury and Repair", Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Inserm, GReD, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Aurélie Comptour
- Team "Translational Approach to Epithelial Injury and Repair", Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Inserm, GReD, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Corinne Belville
- Team "Translational Approach to Epithelial Injury and Repair", Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Inserm, GReD, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Damien Bouvier
- Team "Translational Approach to Epithelial Injury and Repair", Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Inserm, GReD, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Vincent Sapin
- Team "Translational Approach to Epithelial Injury and Repair", Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Inserm, GReD, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
| | - Denis Gallot
- Team "Translational Approach to Epithelial Injury and Repair", Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Inserm, GReD, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Loïc Blanchon
- Team "Translational Approach to Epithelial Injury and Repair", Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Inserm, GReD, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Kim SM, Lee HM, Hwang KA, Choi KC. Benzo(a)pyrene induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human choriocarcinoma cancer cells through reactive oxygen species-induced endoplasmic reticulum-stress pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 107:339-348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Stalberg C, Noda N, Polettini J, Jacobson B, Menon R. Pigment epithelial-derived factor in human fetal membranes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2017; 31:2058-2065. [PMID: 28562170 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1335707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our main objective was to document, pigment epithelial-derived factor (PEDF), a secreted serine protease inhibitor with anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant properties, expression in human fetal membranes from preterm prelabor rupture of the membranes (pPROM) and in in vitro cultures stimulated with cigarette smoke extract (CSE) or lipopolysaccharides (LPS), two major risk factors for pPROM (behavioral and bacterial, respectively). METHOD We documented PEDF mRNA expression in clinical samples of fetal membranes from patients with pPROM using quantitative RT-PCR. Also, mRNA and protein levels were documented in fetal membranes (from normal term cesarean sections [not in labor]) in an organ explant system stimulated with CSE or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to localize PEDF in fetal membranes. RESULTS We report no changes in PEDF mRNA expression in pPROM compared to term births (p = .59) or after treatment with CSE or LPS. However, by adding sulforaphane the PEDF mRNA expression increased significantly p < .000032. PEDF was localized to both amnion and chorion layers, but no difference was seen in staining intensities after CSE or LPS treatment compared to control. CONCLUSIONS PEDF, a product of fetal membrane cells, is unaltered in pPROM or after exposure to risk factors of pPROM. The antioxidant stimulating substance sulforaphane contribute to an increase in PEDF mRNA in fetal membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Stalberg
- a Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston , Galveston , TX , USA.,b University of Gothenburg, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Ostra , Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Nathalia Noda
- a Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston , Galveston , TX , USA.,c Department of Pathology , Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista , Botucatu , Brazil
| | - Jossimara Polettini
- a Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston , Galveston , TX , USA.,c Department of Pathology , Botucatu Medical School, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista , Botucatu , Brazil
| | - Bo Jacobson
- d Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Sahlgrenska Academy , Gothenburg , Sweden.,e Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Area of Health Data and Digitalisation , Norwegian Institute of Public Health , Oslo , Norway
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- a Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston , Galveston , TX , USA
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Sultana Z, Maiti K, Aitken J, Morris J, Dedman L, Smith R. Oxidative stress, placental ageing-related pathologies and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Am J Reprod Immunol 2017; 77. [PMID: 28240397 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS), an imbalance between free radical generation and antioxidant defence, is recognized as a key factor in the pathogenesis of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Although OS is a common future of normal pregnancy, persistent, overwhelming OS leads to consumption and decline of antioxidants, affecting placental antioxidant capacity and reducing systems. The accumulation of OS causes damage to lipids, proteins and DNA in the placental tissue that induces a form of accelerated ageing. Premature ageing of the placenta is associated with placental insufficiency that prevents the organ meeting the needs of the foetus, and as a consequence, the viability of the foetus is compromised. This review summarizes the literature regarding the role of OS and premature placental ageing in the pathophysiology of pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakia Sultana
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Kaushik Maiti
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - John Aitken
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Jonathan Morris
- Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lee Dedman
- Faculty of Science and Information Technology, School of Design, Communication and Information Technology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Roger Smith
- Mothers and Babies Research Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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Abstract
To generate new hypotheses, sometimes a "systems" approach is needed. In this review, I focus on the mitogen-activated kinase p38 because it has been recently shown to play an important role in the developmental programing and senescence of normal and stressed reproductive tissues. What follows is an overview of (i) pathways of p38 activation and their involvement in basic biological processes, (ii) evidence that p38 is involved in the homeostasis of reproductive tissues, (iii) how focus on p38 can be incorporated into investigation of normal and stressed pregnancies. Existence of excellent reviews will be mentioned as well as relevant animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Bonney
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
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Ilhan N, Aygun BK, Gungor H. The relationship between the latency period, infection markers, and oxidant and antioxidant states in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes. Ir J Med Sci 2017; 186:965-970. [PMID: 28168638 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-017-1570-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality has been reported to be preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). Our objective was to evaluate oxidant-antioxidant balance, infection parameters, time interval between rupture of membranes and delivery (latency period), and the relationship among all these parameters. METHODS Seventy-five cases with PPROM between 24 and 34 gestational weeks were included in the study. A control group of 41 women who gave birth at term were considered as the control group. The relationship among maternal plasma total oxidative stress (TOS), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS), leukocyte counts, CRP, vitamin C and E levels, gestational week, neonatal birthweight, and latency period was evaluated. RESULTS In cases with PPROM, rupture occurred at an average of 29.4 gestational weeks and premature babies were born at an average of 31.6 gestational weeks. The mortality rate of babies born to PPROM women was 18.7% (14/75) died at or following birth. In the PPROM group, TOS, MDA, and leukocyte counts were found to be significantly higher compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Besides, a significant negative correlation was detected among the latency period, TOS, CRP, and leukocyte counts (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Appropriate treatment protocols that strengthen antioxidant defense systems and taking into consideration the signs of infection can decrease the incidence of PPROM and/or mortality rates of babies born to PPROM women.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ilhan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Fırat University Faculty of Medicine, 23119, Elazig, Turkey.
| | - B K Aygun
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - H Gungor
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Fırat University Faculty of Medicine, 23119, Elazig, Turkey
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Menon R, Behnia F, Polettini J, Saade GR, Campisi J, Velarde M. Placental membrane aging and HMGB1 signaling associated with human parturition. Aging (Albany NY) 2016; 8:216-30. [PMID: 26851389 PMCID: PMC4789578 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with the onset of several diseases in various organ systems; however, different tissues may age differently, rendering some of them dysfunctional sooner than others. Placental membranes (fetal amniochorionic membranes) protect the fetus throughout pregnancy, but their longevity is limited to the duration of pregnancy. The age-associated dysfunction of these membranes is postulated to trigger parturition. Here, we investigated whether cellular senescence-the loss of cell division potential as a consequence of stress-is involved in placental membrane function at term. We show telomere reduction, p38 MAPK activation, increase in p21 expression, loss of lamin B1 loss, increase in SA-β-galactosidase , and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) gene expression in placental membranes after labor and delivery (term labor [TL]) compared to membranes prior to labor at term (term, not-in-labor [TNIL]). Exposing TNIL placental membranes to cigarette smoke extract, an oxidative stress inducer, also induced markers of cellular senescence similar to those in TL placental membranes. Bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed SASP genes revealed HMGB1 signaling among the top pathways involved in labor. Further, we show that recombinant HMGB1 upregulates the expression of genes associated with parturition in myometrial cells. These data suggest that the natural physiologic aging of placental tissues is associated with cellular senescence and human parturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramkumar Menon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555-1062, USA
| | - Faranak Behnia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555-1062, USA
| | - Jossimara Polettini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555-1062, USA
| | - George R Saade
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555-1062, USA
| | - Judith Campisi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Michael Velarde
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA.,Institute of Biology, University of Philippines, Diliman, 1101 Quezon City, Philippines
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Menon R, Papaconstantinou J. p38 Mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK): a new therapeutic target for reducing the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 20:1397-1412. [PMID: 27459026 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2016.1216980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Spontaneous preterm birth (PTB) and preterm premature rupture of the membranes (pPROM) remain as a major clinical and therapeutic problem for intervention and management. Current strategies, based on our knowledge of pathways of preterm labor, have only been effective, in part, due to major gaps in our existing knowledge of risks and risk specific pathways. Areas covered: Recent literature has identified physiologic aging of fetal tissues as a potential mechanistic feature of normal parturition. This process is affected by telomere dependent and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) induced senescence activation. Pregnancy associated risk factors can cause pathologic activation of this pathway that can cause oxidative stress induced p38 MAPK activation leading to senescence and premature aging of fetal tissues. Premature aging is associated with sterile inflammation capable of triggering preterm labor or preterm premature rupture of membranes. Preterm activation of p38MAPK can be considered as a key contributor to adverse pregnancies. Expert opinion: This review considers p38MAPK activation as a potential target for therapeutic interventions to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes mediated by stress factors. In this review, we propose multiple strategies to prevent p38MAPK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramkumar Menon
- a Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston , Galveston , TX , USA
| | - John Papaconstantinou
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston , Galveston , TX , USA
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Menon R. Human fetal membranes at term: Dead tissue or signalers of parturition? Placenta 2016; 44:1-5. [PMID: 27452431 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2016.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Various endocrine, immune, and mechanical factors produced by feto-maternal compartments at term increase intrauterine inflammatory loads to induce labor. The role of fetal (placental) membranes (amniochorion) as providers of parturition signals has not been well investigated. Fetal membranes line the intrauterine cavity and grow with and protect the fetus. Fetal membranes exist as an entity between the mother and fetus and perform unique functions during pregnancy. Membranes undergo a telomere-dependent p38 MAPK-induced senescence and demonstrate a decline in functional and mechanical abilities at term, showing signs of aging. Fetal membrane senescence is also allied with completion of fetal maturation at term as the fetus readies for delivery, which may also indicate the end of independent life and longevity of fetal membranes as their functional role concludes. Fetal membrane senescence is accelerated at term because of oxidative stress and increased stretching. Senescent fetal membranes cells produce senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP-inflammation) and also release proinflammatory damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), namely HMGB1 and cell-free fetal telomere fragments. In a feedback loop, SASP and DAMPs increase senescence and enhance the inflammatory load to promote labor. Membranes increase the inflammatory load to disrupt homeostatic balance to transition quiescent uterine tissues toward a labor phenotype. Therefore, along with other well-described labor-promoting signals, senescent fetal membranes may also contribute to human term parturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramkumar Menon
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine & Perinatal Research, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Blvd, MRB 11-158, Galveston, TX 77555, United States.
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Behnia F, Sheller S, Menon R. Mechanistic Differences Leading to Infectious and Sterile Inflammation. Am J Reprod Immunol 2016; 75:505-18. [PMID: 26840942 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a physiologic component of pregnancy and parturition. Overwhelming intrauterine inflammatory load promotes quiescent feto-maternal tissues into a contractile phenotype. Like inflammation, oxidative stress is an inevitable component of both pregnancy and parturition. Pathologic activation of host innate immune response to adverse pregnancy conditions can lead to premature activation of inflammatory and oxidative stress. Inflammation and oxidative stress markers seen with both sterile and infectious inflammation are often similar; therefore, it is difficult to understand causality of conditions like spontaneous preterm birth. This review demonstrates potential mechanistic pathways of activation of sterile and infectious inflammation. We demonstrate the activation of two unique pathways of inflammation by factors that are well-documented proxies for oxidative stress (cigarette smoke extract) and infection (lipopolysaccharide). Sterile inflammation seen after exposure to an oxidative stress inducer is due to cellular elemental damage resulting in p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) induced cellular senescence. Infectious inflammation is through activation of transcription factor NF-κB and independent of oxidative stress-associated damages and p38 MAPK-induced senescence. Understanding the differences in the inflammatory pathway activation by various risk factors is important to design better screening, diagnostic and intervention strategies to reduce the risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faranak Behnia
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Samantha Sheller
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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