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Tushabe P, Bakamutumaho B, Eliku JP, Birungi M, Aine F, Namuwulya P, Bukenya H, Ampeire I, Kisakye A, Byabamazima CR, Bwogi J. Rubella virus genotype 2B endemicity and related utility of serum-based molecular characterization in Uganda. BMC Res Notes 2023; 16:218. [PMID: 37710238 PMCID: PMC10503080 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-023-06499-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
There are 13 globally recognized rubella virus genotypes of which only 2 (1E and 2B) have been detected recently. The largest percentage of all reported rubella virus sequences come from China and Japan with Africa reporting limited data. In a bid to address the lack of rubella genotype data in Uganda and the World Health Organization Africa region, we sought to characterize rubella viruses retrospectively using sera collected from suspected measles patients that turned out rubella IgM positive.Seven sequences belonging to genotype 2B sub-lineage 2B-L2c were obtained. These sequences clustered with other genotype 2B sequences previously reported from Uganda. None of the other genotypes (1E and 1G) reported from Uganda in the earlier years were detected. In addition, none of the sequences were obtained after the introduction of the measles-rubella containing vaccine. The above highlight the need for continuous rubella virological surveillance to confirm interruption of endemic rubella genotype circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phionah Tushabe
- EPI-Laboratory, Uganda Virus Research Institute, P.O. Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda.
| | | | - James Peter Eliku
- EPI-Laboratory, Uganda Virus Research Institute, P.O. Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Molly Birungi
- EPI-Laboratory, Uganda Virus Research Institute, P.O. Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Francis Aine
- EPI-Laboratory, Uganda Virus Research Institute, P.O. Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Prossy Namuwulya
- EPI-Laboratory, Uganda Virus Research Institute, P.O. Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Henry Bukenya
- EPI-Laboratory, Uganda Virus Research Institute, P.O. Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Immaculate Ampeire
- EPI-Laboratory, Uganda Virus Research Institute, P.O. Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda
- Ministry of Health Uganda, P.O. Box 7272, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Annet Kisakye
- EPI-Laboratory, Uganda Virus Research Institute, P.O. Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda
- World Health Organization, Uganda Country Office, P.O. Box 24578, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Charles R Byabamazima
- EPI-Laboratory, Uganda Virus Research Institute, P.O. Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda
- WHO Inter-Country Support Team Office for Eastern and Southern Africa (IST/ESA), Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Josephine Bwogi
- EPI-Laboratory, Uganda Virus Research Institute, P.O. Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda
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Vasinioti VI, Pellegrini F, Buonavoglia A, Capozza P, Cardone R, Diakoudi G, Desario C, Catella C, Vicenza T, Lucente MS, Di Martino B, Camero M, Elia G, Decaro N, Martella V, Lanave G. Investigating the genetic diversity of CRESS DNA viruses in cats identifies a novel feline circovirus and unveils exposure of cats to canine circovirus. Res Vet Sci 2023; 161:86-95. [PMID: 37327693 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Circular replication-associated protein (Rep)-encoding single stranded (CRESS) DNA viruses include Circoviruses which have been found in several animal species and in human specimens. Circoviruses are associated with severe disease in pigs and birds and with respiratory and gastrointestinal disorders and systemic disease in dogs. In cats there are only a few anecdotical studies reporting CRESS DNA viruses. In this study, a total of 530 samples (361 sera, 131 stools, and 38 respiratory swabs) from cats, were screened for the presence of CRESS DNA viruses. Overall, 48 (9.0%) of 530 samples tested positive using a pan-Rep PCR. A total of 30 Rep sequences were obtained. Ten sequences of fecal origin were tightly related to each other (82.4-100% nt identity) and more distantly related to mongoose circoviruses (68.3 to 77.2% nt identity). At genome level these circoviruses displayed the highest nt identity (74.3-78.7%) to mongoose circoviruses thus representing a novel circovirus species. Circoviruses from different animal hosts (n = 12) and from humans (n = 8) were also identified. However, six Rep sequences were obtained from serum samples, including canine circoviruses, a human cyclovirus and human and fish-associated CRESS DNA viruses. The presence of these viruses in the sera would imply, to various extent, virus replication in the animal host, able to sustain viremia. Overall, these findings indicate a wide genetic diversity of CRESS DNA viruses in cats and warrant further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violetta Iris Vasinioti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.p. per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Pellegrini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.p. per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Alessio Buonavoglia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.p. per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Paolo Capozza
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.p. per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Cardone
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.p. per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Georgia Diakoudi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.p. per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Costantina Desario
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.p. per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Cristiana Catella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.p. per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Teresa Vicenza
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.p. per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Stella Lucente
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.p. per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Barbara Di Martino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Teramo, SP18, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Michele Camero
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.p. per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Gabriella Elia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.p. per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Decaro
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.p. per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Martella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.p. per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Gianvito Lanave
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.p. per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy.
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Zhao D, Wang X, Liu J, Au C, Basavaraj V, Devi Sri C, Nikolenko VN, Beeraka NM, Sivaprakash P, Fan R. Comparative pharmacological efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines against the variants of concerns (VOCs) of SARS-CoV-2: Recent clinical Studies on Booster dose. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2023:CPB-EPUB-129831. [PMID: 36843370 DOI: 10.2174/1389201024666230227115329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Sera obtained from convalescent individuals, and vaccinated individuals can induce low neutralizing efficacy against variants of concerns (VOCs) of SARS-CoV-2. In addition, the majority of COVID-19 vaccines are less efficacious against VOCs when compared to their efficacy against the original virus. Immune escape is one of the significant mechanisms observed during SARS-CoV-2 infection due to the substantial mutational capacity of VOCs such as B.1.1.7, P.1, B.1.351, B.1.617.2, C.37, and B.1.621. Omicron, a novel strain of SARS-CoV-2, also referred to as B.1.1.529, was identified in South Africa. This variant is a potential new VOC by the World Health Organization (WHO), and confirmed cases have been arising across several nations due to its rapid spreading ability. Omicron variant can acquire substantial immune escape following Delta, Beta/Gamma D614G VOCs and subsequently facilitating potential infectivity due to its enhanced ACE2 binding ability. The Omicron variant is a highly mutated variant accompanied by higher transmissibility and immune evasion. This minireview describes the ability of VOCs to acquire immune escape and also describes the comparative neutralization efficacy of several vaccines, including Booster doses against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhao
- Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Endocrinology Department Zhengzhou China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Endocrinology Department Zhengzhou China
| | - Junqi Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University cancer research Zhengzhou China
| | - Chinnappa Au
- JSS Medical College and Hospital Department of Biochemistry Mysore India
| | - Vijaya Basavaraj
- JSS Medical College and Hospital Department of Pathology Mysore India
| | - Chiriki Devi Sri
- JSS College of Pharmacy Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis Mysuru India
| | | | | | | | - Ruitai Fan
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Radiation oncology Zhengzhou China
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Venkataraman L, He P, Khan G, Harris BT, Sierks MR. Isolation and characterization of antibody fragments selective for human FTD brain derived TDP-43 variants. BMC Neurosci 2020; 21:36. [PMID: 32887544 PMCID: PMC7472585 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-020-00586-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is the second leading cause of early onset dementia following Alzheimer's disease. It involves atrophy of the frontal and temporal regions of the brain affecting language, memory, and behavior. Transactive response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) pathology is found in most FTD and ALS cases. It plays a role in transcription, translation and serves as a shuttle between the nucleus and cytoplasm. Prior to its aggregation, TDP-43 exists as polyubiquitinated, hyperphosphorylated C-terminal fragments that correlate well with FTD disease progression. Because of the importance of TDP-43 in these diseases, reagents that can selectively recognize specific toxic TDP variants associated with onset and progression of FTD can be effective diagnostic and therapeutic tools. RESULTS We utilized a novel atomic force microscopy (AFM) based biopanning protocol to isolate single chain variable fragments (scFvs) from a phage display library that selectively bind TDP variants present in human FTD but not cognitively normal age matched brain tissue. We then used the scFvs (FTD-TDP1 through 5) to probe post-mortem brain tissue and sera samples for the presence of FTD related TDP variants. The scFvs readily selected the FTD tissue and sera samples over age matched controls. The scFvs were used in immunohistochemical analysis of FTD and control brain slices where the reagents showed strong staining with TDP in FTD brain tissue slice. FTD-TDP1, FTD-TDP2, FTD-TDP4 and FTD-TDP5 all protected neuronal cells against FTD TDP induced toxicity suggesting potential therapeutic value. CONCLUSIONS These results show existence of different disease specific TDP variants in FTD individuals. We have identified a panel of scFvs capable of recognizing these disease specific TDP variants in postmortem FTD tissue and sera samples over age matched controls and can thus serve as a biomarker tool.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ping He
- Chemical Engineering, School for Engineering, Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, ECG301-501 Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ, 85281-6106, USA
| | - Galam Khan
- Departments of Neurology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Brent T Harris
- Departments of Neurology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.,Departments of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Michael R Sierks
- Chemical Engineering, School for Engineering, Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, ECG301-501 Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ, 85281-6106, USA.
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Kumar P, Kamboj M, Jaiwal R, Pundir CS. Fabrication of an improved amperometric creatinine biosensor based on enzymes nanoparticles bound to Au electrode. Biomarkers 2019; 24:739-749. [PMID: 31617777 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2019.1682045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
An improved amperometric creatinine biosensor was fabricated that dependent on covalent immobilisation of nanoparticles of creatininase (CANPs), creatinase (CINPs) and sarcosine oxidase (SOxNPs) onto gold electrode (AuE). The CANPs/CINPs/SOxNPs/AuE was characterised by scanning electron microscopy and cyclic voltammetry at various stages. The working electrode exhibited optimal response within 2 s at a potential of 0.6 V, against Ag/AgCl, pH 6.5 and 30 °C. A linear relationship was observed between creatinine concentration range, 0.1-200μM and biosensor response i.e. current in mA, under optimum conditions. Biosensor offered a low detection limit of 0.1 μM with long storage stability. Analytical recoveries of added creatinine in blood sera at 0.5 mM and at 1.0 mM concentrations, were 92.0% and 79.20% respectively. The precision i.e. within and between-batch coefficients of variation were 2.04% and 3.06% respectively. There was a good correlation (R2 = 0.99) between level of creatinine in sera, as calculated by the colorimetric method and present electrode. The CANPs/CINPs/SOxNPs/Au electrode was reused 200 times during the period of 180 days, with just 10% loss in its initial activity, while being stored at 4 °C, when not in use.HighlightsPrepared and characterised creatininase (CA), creatinase (CI) sarcosine oxidase (SOx) nanoparticles and immobilised them onto gold electrode (AuE) for fabrication of an improved amperometric creatinine biosensor.The biosensor displayed a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.1 μM with a linear working range of 0.1 μM-200 μM.The biosensor was evaluated and applied to measure elevated creatinine levels in sera from whom suffering from kidney and muscular disorders.The working electrode retained 90% of its initial activity, while being stored dry at 4 ˚C for 180 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, M.D. University, Rohtak, India
| | - Mohit Kamboj
- Department of Zoology, M.D. University, Rohtak, India
| | | | - C S Pundir
- Department of Biochemistry, M.D. University, Rohtak, India
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Sisti G, Paccosi S, Parenti A, Seravalli V, Di Tommaso M, Witkin SS. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 predicts preterm premature rupture of membranes in twin pregnancies. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2019; 300:583-587. [PMID: 31201536 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-019-05214-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mechanisms leading to preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) remain incompletely defined. Based on the elevated occurrence of PPROM in twin gestations and recent studies of the involvement of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) in the inhibition of collagen production we hypothesized that serum IGFBP-1 levels might be predictive of susceptibility to PPROM in women with twins. METHODS In this prospective study peripheral blood was obtained from 58 women with twin gestations prior to 20 weeks gestation and sera analyzed by ELISA for concentrations of IGFBP-1. Demographic and clinical outcome data were subsequently obtained and associations between IGFBP-1 and PPROM were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney test and receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis. RESULTS Eight of our subjects developed PPROM. They did not differ from the other women in demographics, medical history or current pregnancy outcome parameters. However, median IGFBP-1 levels were higher in women who subsequently developed PPROM (59.3 ng/ml) than in the other women (46.6 ng/ml) (p = 0.042). Using a cutoff value of 53.9 ng/ml the circulating IGFBP-1 level predicted development of PPROM with a sensitivity of 74%, specificity of 75%, a negative predictive value of 97% and a positive predictive value of 20%. CONCLUSIONS Pending validation in larger studies the findings suggest that determination of serum IGFBP-1 levels in women with twin pregnancies may predict the later development of PPROM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Sisti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lincoln Medical and Mental Health Center, 5th floor, 234 East 149th Street, Bronx, NY, 10451, USA. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Sara Paccosi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Astrid Parenti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Viola Seravalli
- Department of Health Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology Branch, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Di Tommaso
- Department of Health Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology Branch, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Steven S Witkin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Disdier C, Zhang J, Fukunaga Y, Lim YP, Qiu J, Santoso A, Stonestreet BS. Alterations in inter-alpha inhibitor protein expression after hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal rats. Int J Dev Neurosci 2018; 65:54-60. [PMID: 29079121 PMCID: PMC5837925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury is frequently associated with premature and/or full-term birth-related complications that reflect widespread damage to cerebral cortical structures. Inflammation has been implicated in the long-term evolution and severity of HI brain injury. Inter-Alpha Inhibitor Proteins (IAIPs) are immune modulator proteins that are reduced in systemic neonatal inflammatory states. We have shown that endogenous IAIPs are present in neurons, astrocytes and microglia and that exogenous treatment with human plasma purified IAIPs decreases neuronal injury and improves behavioral outcomes in neonatal rats with HI brain injury. In addition, we have shown that endogenous IAIPs are reduced in the brain of the ovine fetus shortly after ischemic injury. However, the effect of HI on changes in circulating and endogenous brain IAIPs has not been examined in neonatal rats. In the current study, we examined changes in endogenous IAIPs in the systemic circulation and brain of neonatal rats after exposure to HI brain injury. Postnatal day 7 rats were exposed to right carotid artery ligation and 8% oxygen for 2h. Sera were obtained immediately, 3, 12, 24, and 48h and brains 3 and 24h after HI. IAIPs levels were determined by a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in sera and by Western immunoblots in cerebral cortices. Serum IAIPs were decreased 3h after HI and remained lower than in non-ischemic rats up to 7days after HI. IAIP expression increased in the ipsilateral cerebral cortices 24h after HI brain injury and in the hypoxic contralateral cortices. However, 3h after hypoxia alone the 250kDa IAIP moiety was reduced in the contralateral cortices. We speculate that changes in endogenous IAIPs levels in blood and brain represent constituents of endogenous anti-inflammatory neuroprotective mechanism(s) after HI in neonatal rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Disdier
- Department of Pediatrics, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02905, USA
| | - Jiyong Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02905, USA
| | - Yuki Fukunaga
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 7008558, Japan
| | - Yow-Pin Lim
- ProThera Biologics, Inc., Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Joseph Qiu
- ProThera Biologics, Inc., Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | | | - Barbara S Stonestreet
- Department of Pediatrics, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, The Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02905, USA.
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Phan TG, Del Valle Mendoza J, Sadeghi M, Altan E, Deng X, Delwart E. Sera of Peruvians with fever of unknown origins include viral nucleic acids from non-vertebrate hosts. Virus Genes 2018; 54:33-40. [PMID: 29043660 PMCID: PMC5826777 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-017-1514-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Serum samples collected from 88 Peruvians with unexplained fever were analyzed for viral sequences using metagenomics. Nucleic acids of anelloviruses, pegivirus A (GBV-C), HIV, Dengue virus, and Oropouche virus were detected. We also characterized from two sera the RNA genomes of new species of partitivirus and dicistrovirus belonging to viral families known to infect fungi or arthropod, respectively. Genomic DNA of a putative fungal cellular host could be PCR amplified from the partitivirus-containing serum sample. The detection in human serum of nucleic acids from viral families not known to infect vertebrates may indicate contamination during sample collection and aliquoting or human infection by their presumed cellular host, here a fungus. The role, if any, of the non-vertebrate infecting viruses detected in serum in inducing fever is unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung Gia Phan
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA
| | - Juana Del Valle Mendoza
- School of Medicine, Research and Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
- Instituto de Investigación Nutricional, Lima, Peru
| | - Mohammadreza Sadeghi
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eda Altan
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA
| | - Xutao Deng
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA
| | - Eric Delwart
- Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA.
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9
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Xu YW, Peng YH, Ran LQ, Zhai TT, Guo HP, Qiu SQ, Chen HL, Wu ZY, Li EM, Xie JJ. Circulating levels of autoantibodies against L1-cell adhesion molecule as a potential diagnostic biomarker in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Transl Oncol 2017; 19:898-906. [PMID: 28181176 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-017-1623-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common malignant disease worldwide, especially in China. We aimed to determine the level of autoantibodies against L1CAM in patients with ESCC. METHODS Levels of circulating autoantibodies against L1CAM antigens were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in cohort 1 (191 patients with ESCC and 94 normal controls) and validated in cohort 2 (47 patients with ESCC and 47 normal controls). Receiver-operating characteristics were employed to calculate diagnostic accuracy. Cumulative survival time was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method and analyzed by the log-rank test. RESULTS In cohorts 1 and 2, levels of autoantibodies against L1CAM were all significantly higher in sera of patients with ESCC compared to normal controls (P < 0.05). Detection of autoantibodies against L1CAM provided a sensitivity of 26.2%, a specificity of 90.4%, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.603 (95% CI 0.535-0.672) in diagnosing ESCC in cohort 1, and a sensitivity of 27.7%, a specificity of 91.5%, and an AUC of 0.628 (95% CI 0.516-0.741). Similar results were observed in the diagnosis of early stage ESCC (25.2% sensitivity, 90.4% specificity, and an AUC of 0.611 (95% CI 0.533-0.689) in cohort 1, and 33.3% sensitivity, 91.5% specificity, and an AUC of 0.636 (95% CI 0.439-0.832) in cohort 2). Moreover, positive rates of autoantibodies against L1CAM had no statistical correlation with clinical outcome of ESCC (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that circulating autoantibodies against L1CAM is a potential biomarker for the early detection of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-W Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Y-H Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - L-Q Ran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - T-T Zhai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - H-P Guo
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - S-Q Qiu
- The Breast Center, The Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - H-L Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, China
| | - Z-Y Wu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, China
| | - E-M Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
| | - J-J Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
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Ayling K, Bowden T, Tighe P, Todd I, Dilnot EM, Negm OH, Fairclough L, Vedhara K. The application of protein microarray assays in psychoneuroimmunology. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 59:62-66. [PMID: 27640078 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein microarrays are miniaturized multiplex assays that exhibit many advantages over the commonly used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). This article aims to introduce protein microarrays to readers of Brain, Behavior, and Immunity and demonstrate its utility and validity for use in psychoneuroimmunological research. As part of an ongoing investigation of psychological and behavioral influences on influenza vaccination responses, we optimized a novel protein microarray to quantify influenza-specific antibody levels in human sera. Reproducibility was assessed by calculating intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variance on serially diluted human IgG concentrations. A random selection of samples was analyzed by microarray and ELISA to establish validity of the assay. For IgG concentrations, intra-assay and inter-assay precision profiles demonstrated a mean coefficient of variance of 6.7% and 11.5% respectively. Significant correlations were observed between microarray and ELISA for all antigens, demonstrating the microarray is a valid alternative to ELISA. Protein microarrays are a highly robust, novel assay method that could be of significant benefit for researchers working in psychoneuroimmunology. They offer high throughput, fewer resources per analyte and can examine concurrent neuro-immune-endocrine mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ayling
- Division of Primary Care, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - T Bowden
- Division of Primary Care, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - P Tighe
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - I Todd
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - E M Dilnot
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - O H Negm
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - L Fairclough
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
| | - K Vedhara
- Division of Primary Care, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Yang F, Xu L, Zhu L, Zhang Y, Meng W, Liu R. Competitive immunoassay for analysis of bisphenol A in children's sera using a specific antibody. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:10714-10721. [PMID: 26888526 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6231-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) has been reported as a potential estrogenic substance that could affect human health and reproduction. In this study, a monoclonal antibody (Mab) against BPA was produced after the immunization of Balb/c mice with a conjugate of 4,4-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) valeric acid coupling with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (BVA-KLH). The obtained Mab showed higher affinity against BPA and lower cross-reactivity toward 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol, diphenolic acid, hydroquinone, salicylic acid, and other common phenolic compounds. Basing on the Mab, an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) was developed. Under the optimal conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) was found to be 0.1 ng mL(-1) with the linear working range of 0.45-10.56 ng mL(-1). After sample extraction, the fortified serum samples were detected with intra- and inter-assay recovery ranges of 81.2-92.9 and 84.4-94.4 %, respectively. Then, 100 children's sera were screened by ic-ELISA. The result showed that 54 % of the serum samples were BPA-positive. The positive samples were purified by immuno-affinity column (IAC) and further confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detector measured at λ ex/λ em 228/310 nm in acetonitrile-water solution (v:v, 40:60). The analysis of the unknown samples showed that ic-ELISA agreed well with the HPLC results. It also revealed that the ELISA developed here could be a useful tool for screening BPA in children's sera before the validation of HPLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanfan Yang
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330013, China
| | - Long Xu
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330013, China
| | - Lixin Zhu
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330013, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang, Jiangxi, Province, 330006, China
| | - Wei Meng
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330013, China
| | - Renrong Liu
- School of Life Science, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330013, China.
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Bing L, Xiping Z, Li L, Jun P, Yi-Xia W, Min Y, Qing L, Qiu-Ning S, Hong-Zhong J, Ya-Gang Z. Levels of anti-BP180 NC16A IgE do not correlate with severity of disease in the early stages of bullous pemphigoid. Arch Dermatol Res 2015; 307:849-54. [PMID: 26404084 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-015-1598-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Bullous pemphigoid (BP), a common autoimmune skin disease, is associated with IgG autoantibodies against the hemidesmosomal proteins, BP180 and BP230. In addition to IgG, IgE has been shown to play a role in the disease. However, the association between disease activity and IgE specific to the NC16A domain of BP180 in blister fluid remains unclear. Our objective was to evaluate the correlation between BP disease activity and BP180 NC16A-specific IgE sera and blister fluid titers, and to analyze changes during treatment. We evaluated the levels of anti-BP180 IgE autoantibodies in the sera and blister fluids of 37 BP patients using an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We also observed changes in the levels of these antibodies in 2 BP patients at 4 or 5 different time points (day 0 when the patient first visited our hospital, day 5, day 14, day 39 and day 62 for patient 1; day 0, day 4, day 8 and day 17 for patient 2). We also collected extra serum samples from the 2 patients when the disease was controlled (blister disappeared) (day 85, day 104 and day 146 for patient 1 and day 123, day 158 and day 189 for the other patient). IgE anti-BP180 antibodies were detected in the serum of 72.97 % of the patients. There was no correlation between disease activity scores and BP180 NC16A IgE titers in serum (r = -0.077, p > 0.05) or in blister fluid (r = 0.262, p > 0.05). The levels of the autoantibody in serum were positively correlated with that in blister fluid (r = 0.6651, p < 0.001); however, the levels continued to rise despite effective control of the disease in the initial two to 6 weeks of diagnosis. The level of this autoantibody reached a peak on day 39 for patient 1 and on day 17 for patient 2 although the systemic and topical medication of steroid had controlled the disease process effectively. We conclude that levels of anti-BP180 NC16A IgE are higher in the sera than blister fluids. These levels could generally reflect disease severity throughout the course of the disease, but not in the early stages of medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Bing
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No 1 Shuaifuyuan Hutong, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zhou Xiping
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No 1 Shuaifuyuan Hutong, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No 1 Shuaifuyuan Hutong, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Peng Jun
- Department of Dermatology, Cangzhou People's Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Wang Yi-Xia
- Department of Dermatology, Air Force General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Min
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Qing
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Sun Qiu-Ning
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No 1 Shuaifuyuan Hutong, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jin Hong-Zhong
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No 1 Shuaifuyuan Hutong, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Zuo Ya-Gang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No 1 Shuaifuyuan Hutong, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Awad S, Alshami I, Alharbi AE. Evaluation of a duplex real-time PCR assay to detect MRSA from broth culture, human sera seeded with MRSA and from patient's serum. Bioinformation 2013; 9:896-900. [PMID: 24307766 PMCID: PMC3842574 DOI: 10.6026/97320630009896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The need for rapid methods in order to precisely detect methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is extensively
acknowledged. This study evaluated a quantitative real-time PCR assay targeting mecA (encoding high level resistance to
methicillin) and femB (a specific genomic marker for S. aureus) genes to detect MRSA from broth culture, from serum seeded with
MRSA and straight from the patient's serum. One hundred and thirty-five clinical isolates of MRSA strains and different species
were utilised in this study. In addition, a pilot study with 9 patients' serum samples was performed. The sensitivity and specificity
values for this assay were 99% and 100% respectively. The detection limit for this method was 1.23×102 CFU/ml from the serum
seeded with MRSA cells and the limiting concentration of DNA for detection was 18 fg, which equates to 5.14 genomic DNA
copies. In addition, this assay detected MRSA from patient's serum (7 out of 9) with sensitivity of 77.8%. Overall, the assay was
rapid, efficient, sensitive and easy to perform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan Awad
- University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Wythenshawe Hospital, Southmoor Road, Manchester, M23 9LT
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Pinheiro de Oliveira TF, Fonseca AA Jr, Camargos MF, de Oliveira AM, Pinto Cottorello AC, Souza Ados R, de Almeida IG, Heinemann MB. Detection of contaminants in cell cultures, sera and trypsin. Biologicals 2013; 41:407-14. [PMID: 24071554 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2013.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 08/18/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was standardization and application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of contaminants in cell cultures, sera and trypsin. Five PCR protocols were standardized to assess the presence of genetic material from mycoplasma, porcine circovirus 1 (PCV1), bovine leukemia virus (BLV) or bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in cell culture samples. PCR reactions for the genes GAPDH and beta-actin were used to evaluate the efficiency of nucleic acid extraction. The PCR protocols were applied to 88 cell culture samples from eight laboratories. The tests were also used to assess potential contamination in 10 trypsin samples and 13 fetal calf serum samples from different lots from five of the laboratories. The results showed the occurrence of the following as DNA cell culture contaminants: 34.1% for mycoplasma, 35.2% for PCV1, 23.9% for BVDV RNA and 2.3% for BLV. In fetal calf sera and trypsin samples BVDV RNA and PCV1 DNA was detected. The results demonstrated that cell culture, sera and trypsin used by different laboratories show a high rate of contaminants. The results highlight the need for monitoring cell cultures and controlling for biological contaminants in laboratories and cell banks working with these materials.
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Yazici Z, Albayrak H, Ozan E, Gumusova S. The first investigation of west nile virus in horses using real time rt-PCR in middle black sea region in Turkey. J Arthropod Borne Dis 2012; 6:151-5. [PMID: 23378973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 09/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND West Nile Virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne disease that can cause fatal infection in mammals including humans, dogs, horses, birds and reptiles. Although West Nile Virus is an asymptomatic infection, especially it can cause neurologic disorders in humans and horses. The aim of this study was to the investigate virological presence of WNV in horses in the Black Sea Region of Turkey using real time RT-PCR (rRT-PCR). METHODS Totally, 120 horse sera were collected equally from 4 provinces in Middle Black Sea Region of Turkey and investigated for WNV presence by Taqman based rRT-PCR. RESULTS WNV nucleic acid was not detected in any horse serum sample. CONCLUSION Although obtained result indicated no evidence of WNV-RNA in horses, Black Sea Region of Turkey is one of the suitable places for the WNV infection. For this reason, our research will continue for the determination of the viruses in vectors and susceptible animals such as horses, dogs, etc.
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Hedley-Whyte J, Milamed DR. Lobar pneumonia treated by Musgrave Park physicians. Ulster Med J 2009; 78:119-28. [PMID: 19568449 PMCID: PMC2699200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In the decade 1935-45 the treatment of lobar pneumonia in the developed and warring world underwent a series of evolutions-anti-sera, specific anti-sera, refinement of sulpha drugs, sulpha and anti-sera, the introduction of penicillin for bacteriology, then ophthalmology, and then for penicillin-sensitive bacterial infections such as lobar pneumonia with its many Cooper types of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Penicillin for civilian use was essentially banned in World War II, a ban that early in 1941 two Musgrave Park physicians tried to circumvent. Strict secrecy on the details of penicillin production was enforced. The treatment option chosen by the Musgrave Park physicians in 1941, and the non-availability of penicillin led to sequelae affecting the post-Belfast careers of both patient and physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Hedley-Whyte
- David S Sheridan Professor of Anaesthesia and Respiratory Therapy, Harvard University 1400 VFW Parkway, Boston, MA 02132-4927, USA.
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