1
|
Hettwer MD, Lancaster TM, Raspor E, Hahn PK, Mota NR, Singer W, Reif A, Linden DEJ, Bittner RA. Evidence From Imaging Resilience Genetics for a Protective Mechanism Against Schizophrenia in the Ventral Visual Pathway. Schizophr Bull 2022; 48:551-562. [PMID: 35137221 PMCID: PMC9077432 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbab151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Illuminating neurobiological mechanisms underlying the protective effect of recently discovered common genetic resilience variants for schizophrenia is crucial for more effective prevention efforts. Current models implicate adaptive neuroplastic changes in the visual system and their pro-cognitive effects as a schizophrenia resilience mechanism. We investigated whether common genetic resilience variants might affect brain structure in similar neural circuits. METHOD Using structural magnetic resonance imaging, we measured the impact of an established schizophrenia polygenic resilience score (PRSResilience) on cortical volume, thickness, and surface area in 101 healthy subjects and in a replication sample of 33 224 healthy subjects (UK Biobank). FINDING We observed a significant positive whole-brain correlation between PRSResilience and cortical volume in the right fusiform gyrus (FFG) (r = 0.35; P = .0004). Post-hoc analyses in this cluster revealed an impact of PRSResilience on cortical surface area. The replication sample showed a positive correlation between PRSResilience and global cortical volume and surface area in the left FFG. CONCLUSION Our findings represent the first evidence of a neurobiological correlate of a genetic resilience factor for schizophrenia. They support the view that schizophrenia resilience emerges from strengthening neural circuits in the ventral visual pathway and an increased capacity for the disambiguation of social and nonsocial visual information. This may aid psychosocial functioning, ameliorate the detrimental effects of subtle perceptual and cognitive disturbances in at-risk individuals, and facilitate coping with the cognitive and psychosocial consequences of stressors. Our results thus provide a novel link between visual cognition, the vulnerability-stress concept, and schizophrenia resilience models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meike D Hettwer
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany,Max Planck School of Cognition, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany,Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas M Lancaster
- School of Psychology, Bath University, Bath, UK,MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Eva Raspor
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Peter K Hahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nina Roth Mota
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Wolf Singer
- Ernst Strüngmann Institute for Neuroscience (ESI) in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, Frankfurt am Main, Germany,Max Planck Institute for Brain Research (MPI BR), Frankfurt am Main, Germany,Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - David E J Linden
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK,School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Robert A Bittner
- To whom correspondence should be addressed; Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, D-60528 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; tel: 69-6301-84713, fax: 69-6301-81775, e-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Barnes-Scheufler CV, Passow C, Rösler L, Mayer JS, Oertel V, Kittel-Schneider S, Matura S, Reif A, Bittner RA. Transdiagnostic comparison of visual working memory capacity in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Int J Bipolar Disord 2021; 9:12. [PMID: 33797645 PMCID: PMC8018920 DOI: 10.1186/s40345-020-00217-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired working memory is a core cognitive deficit in both bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Its study might yield crucial insights into the underpinnings of both disorders on the cognitive and neurophysiological level. Visual working memory capacity is a particularly promising construct for such translational studies. However, it has not yet been investigated across the full spectrum of both disorders. The aim of our study was to compare the degree of reductions of visual working memory capacity in patients with bipolar disorder (PBD) and patients with schizophrenia (PSZ) using a paradigm well established in cognitive neuroscience. METHODS 62 PBD, 64 PSZ, and 70 healthy controls (HC) completed a canonical visual change detection task. Participants had to encode the color of four circles and indicate after a short delay whether the color of one of the circles had changed or not. We estimated working memory capacity using Pashler's K. RESULTS Working memory capacity was significantly reduced in both PBD and PSZ compared to HC. We observed a small effect size (r = .202) for the difference between HC and PBD and a medium effect size (r = .370) for the difference between HC and PSZ. Working memory capacity in PSZ was also significantly reduced compared to PBD with a small effect size (r = .201). Thus, PBD showed an intermediate level of impairment. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide evidence for a gradient of reduced working memory capacity in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, with PSZ showing the strongest degree of impairment. This underscores the importance of disturbed information processing for both bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Our results are compatible with the cognitive manifestation of a neurodevelopmental gradient affecting bipolar disorder to a lesser degree than schizophrenia. They also highlight the relevance of visual working memory capacity for the development of both behavior- and brain-based transdiagnostic biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine V Barnes-Scheufler
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, 60528, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Caroline Passow
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, 60528, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lara Rösler
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, 60528, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jutta S Mayer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Viola Oertel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, 60528, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sarah Kittel-Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, 60528, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Silke Matura
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, 60528, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, 60528, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Robert A Bittner
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine, and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Str. 10, 60528, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. .,Ernst Strüngmann Institute for Neuroscience (ESI) in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lammer E, Klingelhöfer D, Bendels MHK, Ohlendorf D, Spallek M, Groneberg DA. Development of the global schizophrenia research under epidemiological and socio-economic influences. Schizophr Res 2018; 199:458-460. [PMID: 29643010 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Lammer
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt
| | - D Klingelhöfer
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt.
| | - M H K Bendels
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt.
| | - D Ohlendorf
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt.
| | - M Spallek
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt.
| | - D A Groneberg
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hunter R. Developing tomorrow's antipsychotics: the need for a more personalised approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1192/apt.bp.110.008235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
SummaryThere has been little pharmacological advance in the treatment of schizophrenia since the introduction of chlorpromazine in the 1950s. This may be set to change as recent advances in molecular biology offer the prospect of a better understanding of the pathophysiology of the disorder and allow investigation of the complex interplay of genetic and environmental risk factors. In this review I discuss future approaches to antipsychotic drug development, highlighting the need to better define symptom areas and develop drugs based on an understanding of neurobiological mechanisms. The development of biomarkers has the potential in future to improve differential diagnosis and help predict response to treatment. These developments herald the possibility of a more integrated drug discovery approach and the subsequent provision of more stratified healthcare, and hopefully significant improvements in patient care and improved long-term outcomes.
Collapse
|
5
|
Clark SR, Schubert KO, Olagunju AT, Lyrtzis EA, Baune BT. Cognitive and Functional Assessment of Psychosis Stratification Study (CoFAPSS): Rationale, Design, and Characteristics. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:662. [PMID: 30559688 PMCID: PMC6287598 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prediction of treatment response and illness trajectory in psychotic disorders including schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and psychotic depression is difficult due to heterogeneity in presentation and outcome. Consequently, patients may receive prolonged ineffective treatments leading to functional decline, illness chronicity, and iatrogenic physical illness. One approach to addressing these problems is to stratify patients based on historical, clinical, and biological signatures. Such an approach has the potential to improve categorization resulting in better understanding of underlying mechanisms and earlier evidence-based treatment with reduced side effect burden. To investigate these multimodal signatures we developed the Cognitive and Functional Assessment of Psychosis Stratification Study (CoFAPSS) employing a prospective study design and a healthy control group comparison. The main aim of this study is to investigate cognitive, and biological "genomics" markers of psychotic illnesses that can be integrated with clinical data to improve prediction of risk and define functional trajectories. We also aim to identify biological "genomic" signatures underpinning variation in treatment response and adverse medical outcomes. The study commenced in June 2016, including patients with primary diagnosis of psychotic disorders including schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and psychotic depression according to DSM-5 criteria. The assessment covers a wide range of participant history (life stressors, trauma, and family history), cognitive dimensions (social perception, memory and learning, attention, executive function, and general cognition), measures to assess psychosocial function and quality of life, psychotic symptom severity, clinical course of illness, and parameters for adverse medical outcome. Blood is collected for comprehensive genomic discovery analyses of biological (genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and cell-biologic) markers. The CoFAPSS is a novel approach that integrates clinical, cognitive and biological "genomic" markers to clarify clinico-pathological basis of risk, functional trajectories, disease stratification, treatment response, and adverse medical outcome. The CoFAPSS team welcomes collaborations with both national and international investigators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott R Clark
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - K Oliver Schubert
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Andrew T Olagunju
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Ellen Alexandra Lyrtzis
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Bernhard T Baune
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kichukova TM, Popov NT, Ivanov HY, Vachev TI. Circulating microRNAs as a Novel Class of Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2016; 57:159-72. [DOI: 10.1515/folmed-2015-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractNeuropsychiatric diseases, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MDD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), are a huge burden on society, impairing the health of those affected, as well as their ability to learn and work. Biomarkers that reflect the dysregulations linked to neuropsychiatric diseases may potentially assist the diagnosis of these disorders. Most of these biomarkers are found in the brain tissue, which is not easily accessible. This is the challenge for the search of novel biomarkers that are present in various body fluids, including serum or plasma. As a group of important endogenous small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional level, microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in many physiological and pathological processes. Previously, researchers discovered that miRNAs contribute to the neurodevelopment and maturation, including neurite outgrowth, dendritogenesis and dendritic spine formation. These developments underline the significance of miRNAs as potential biomarkers for diagnosing and prognosing central nervous system diseases. Accumulated evidence indicates that there are considerable differences between the cell-free miRNA expression profiles of healthy subjects and those of patients. Therefore, circulating miRNAs are likely to become a new class of noninvasive, sensitive biomarkers. Despite the fact that little is known about the origin and functions of circulating miRNAs, their essential roles in the clinical diagnosis and prognosis of neuropsychiatric diseases make them attractive biomarkers. In this review we cover the increasing amounts of dataset that have accumulated in the last years on the use of circulating miRNAs and their values as potential biomarkers in most areas of neuropsychiatric diseases.
Collapse
|
7
|
Bueno D, Garcia-Fernàndez J. Evolutionary development of embryonic cerebrospinal fluid composition and regulation: an open research field with implications for brain development and function. Fluids Barriers CNS 2016; 13:5. [PMID: 26979569 PMCID: PMC4793645 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-016-0029-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the consolidated field of evolutionary development, there is emerging research on evolutionary aspects of central nervous system development and its implications for adult brain structure and function, including behaviour. The central nervous system is one of the most intriguing systems in complex metazoans, as it controls all body and mind functions. Its failure is responsible for a number of severe and largely incurable diseases, including neurological and neurodegenerative ones. Moreover, the evolution of the nervous system is thought to be a critical step in the adaptive radiation of vertebrates. Brain formation is initiated early during development. Most embryological, genetic and evolutionary studies have focused on brain neurogenesis and regionalisation, including the formation and function of organising centres, and the comparison of homolog gene expression and function among model organisms from different taxa. The architecture of the vertebrate brain primordium also reveals the existence of connected internal cavities, the cephalic vesicles, which in fetuses and adults become the ventricular system of the brain. During embryonic and fetal development, brain cavities and ventricles are filled with a complex, protein-rich fluid called cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, CSF has not been widely analysed from either an embryological or evolutionary perspective. Recently, it has been demonstrated in higher vertebrates that embryonic cerebrospinal fluid has key functions in delivering diffusible signals and nutrients to the developing brain, thus contributing to the proliferation, differentiation and survival of neural progenitor cells, and to the expansion and patterning of the brain. Moreover, it has been shown that the composition and homeostasis of CSF are tightly controlled in a time-dependent manner from the closure of the anterior neuropore, just before the initiation of primary neurogenesis, up to the formation of functional choroid plexuses. In this review, we draw together existing literature about the formation, function and homeostatic regulation of embryonic cerebrospinal fluid, from the closure of the anterior neuropore to the formation of functional fetal choroid plexuses, from an evolutionary perspective. The relevance of these processes to the normal functions and diseases of adult brain will also be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Bueno
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Unit of Biomedical, Evolutionary and Developmental Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Jordi Garcia-Fernàndez
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Unit of Biomedical, Evolutionary and Developmental Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Penadés R, García-Rizo C, Bioque M, González-Rodríguez A, Cabrera B, Mezquida G, Bernardo M. The search for new biomarkers for cognition in schizophrenia. SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH-COGNITION 2015; 2:172-178. [PMID: 29114461 PMCID: PMC5609637 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The search for biomarkers in cognition has been the focus of a large part of the research on patients suffering from schizophrenia. The scientific literature is heterogeneous, and few studies establishing an integrative model of pathogenesis and therapeutic response are available in this field. In this review, we aimed to summarize three essential aspects correlated with cognitive performance: 1) the relationship between inflammation and cognition in schizophrenia, 2) the role of prolactin in cognition, and 3) the association between cognition and neurotrophic factors, particularly brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Several studies support the association of inflammatory markers with cognitive status in schizophrenia. In recent decades, the development of effective therapies for cognitive impairment in schizophrenia has focused on the search for anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory medications. Conversely, the implications of prolactin and its functions in cognition, the transition to psychosis and the diagnosis and prognosis of schizophrenia have been established independent of antipsychotic treatment. With regard to neurotrophic factors, a recent study has correlated BDNF levels with cognitive recovery in schizophrenic patients treated with cognitive remediation. We conclude that although there is a diversity of biomarkers focused on cognitive function in schizophrenia, BDNF is the biomarker that has accumulated the vast majority of evidence in the current literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Penadés
- Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU).,Hospital Clínic Barcelona.,University of Barcelona.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS).,Centro de Investigación en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)
| | - Clemente García-Rizo
- Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU).,Hospital Clínic Barcelona.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS).,Centro de Investigación en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)
| | - Miquel Bioque
- Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU).,Hospital Clínic Barcelona.,Centro de Investigación en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)
| | | | - Bibiana Cabrera
- Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU).,Centro de Investigación en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)
| | - Gisela Mezquida
- Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU).,Centro de Investigación en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)
| | - Miquel Bernardo
- Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU).,Hospital Clínic Barcelona.,University of Barcelona.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS).,Centro de Investigación en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Penadés R, Garcia-Rizo C, Bioque M, González-Rodríguez A, Cabrera B, Mezquida G, Bernardo M. Búsqueda De Nuevos Biomarcadores De La Cognición En Esquizofrenia. Schizophr Res Cogn 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
10
|
Duffy FH, D'Angelo E, Rotenberg A, Gonzalez-Heydrich J. Neurophysiological differences between patients clinically at high risk for schizophrenia and neurotypical controls--first steps in development of a biomarker. BMC Med 2015; 13:276. [PMID: 26525736 PMCID: PMC4630963 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-015-0516-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is a severe, disabling and prevalent mental disorder without cure and with a variable, incomplete pharmacotherapeutic response. Prior to onset in adolescence or young adulthood a prodromal period of abnormal symptoms lasting weeks to years has been identified and operationalized as clinically high risk (CHR) for schizophrenia. However, only a minority of subjects prospectively identified with CHR convert to schizophrenia, thereby limiting enthusiasm for early intervention(s). This study utilized objective resting electroencephalogram (EEG) quantification to determine whether CHR constitutes a cohesive entity and an evoked potential to assess CHR cortical auditory processing. METHODS This study constitutes an EEG-based quantitative neurophysiological comparison between two unmedicated subject groups: 35 neurotypical controls (CON) and 22 CHR patients. After artifact management, principal component analysis (PCA) identified EEG spectral and spectral coherence factors described by associated loading patterns. Discriminant function analysis (DFA) determined factors' discrimination success between subjects in the CON and CHR groups. Loading patterns on DFA-selected factors described CHR-specific spectral and coherence differences when compared to controls. The frequency modulated auditory evoked response (FMAER) explored functional CON-CHR differences within the superior temporal gyri. RESULTS Variable reduction by PCA identified 40 coherence-based factors explaining 77.8% of the total variance and 40 spectral factors explaining 95.9% of the variance. DFA demonstrated significant CON-CHR group difference (P <0.00001) and successful jackknifed subject classification (CON, 85.7%; CHR, 86.4% correct). The population distribution plotted along the canonical discriminant variable was clearly bimodal. Coherence factors delineated loading patterns of altered connectivity primarily involving the bilateral posterior temporal electrodes. However, FMAER analysis showed no CON-CHR group differences. CONCLUSIONS CHR subjects form a cohesive group, significantly separable from CON subjects by EEG-derived indices. Symptoms of CHR may relate to altered connectivity with the posterior temporal regions but not to primary auditory processing abnormalities within these regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank H Duffy
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA.
| | - Eugene D'Angelo
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA.
| | - Alexander Rotenberg
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA.
| | - Joseph Gonzalez-Heydrich
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yefet K, Goldstein A, Rabany L, Levkovitz Y. Impairments of event-related magnetic fields in schizophrenia patients with predominant negative symptoms. Psychiatry Res 2015; 231:325-32. [PMID: 25680554 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2015.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Recently there is a growing understanding that patients suffering from negative symptoms of schizophrenia represent a distinct patient population. However, despite the abundance of EEG studies characterizing schizophrenia patients in general, only a handful of studies have focused on the electrophysiological correlates of negative symptoms. The current study examined whether the impairments in event-related magnetic fields (ERFs) commonly reported in heterogeneous groups of patients with mixed positive and negative symptoms also occur in patients with predominantly negative symptoms, and investigated their correlation to clinical symptoms and cognitive deficits. Twenty schizophrenia patients suffering from predominant negative symptoms and 25 healthy subjects underwent neuropsychological and electromagnetic assessments. ERFs were recorded during a three-stimuli novelty oddball and a sensory gating paradigm, and M50, P300m and Novelty-P3m components were investigated. Patients displayed impaired M50 ratios, reduced left P300m and frontal Novelty-P3m amplitudes. These electromagnetic measures correlated significantly with the severity of negative symptoms (SANS scale). The electrophysiological abnormalities which have been proposed as candidate biomarkers for schizophrenia are also manifested in patients with predominantly negative symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keren Yefet
- Cognitive and Emotional Laboratory, Shalvata Mental Health Center & Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Abraham Goldstein
- Department of Psychology & Gonda Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel.
| | - Liron Rabany
- Cognitive and Emotional Laboratory, Shalvata Mental Health Center & Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Yechiel Levkovitz
- Cognitive and Emotional Laboratory, Shalvata Mental Health Center & Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chocron SE, Weisberger BM, Ben-Yoav H, Winkler TE, Kim E, Kelly DL, Payne GF, Ghodssi R. Multidimensional mapping method using an arrayed sensing system for cross-reactivity screening. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116310. [PMID: 25789880 PMCID: PMC4366158 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
When measuring chemical information in biological fluids, challenges of cross-reactivity arise, especially in sensing applications where no biological recognition elements exist. An understanding of the cross-reactions involved in these complex matrices is necessary to guide the design of appropriate sensing systems. This work presents a methodology for investigating cross-reactions in complex fluids. First, a systematic screening of matrix components is demonstrated in buffer-based solutions. Second, to account for the effect of the simultaneous presence of these species in complex samples, the responses of buffer-based simulated mixtures of these species were characterized using an arrayed sensing system. We demonstrate that the sensor array, consisting of electrochemical sensors with varying input parameters, generated differential responses that provide synergistic information of sample. By mapping the sensing array response onto multidimensional heat maps, characteristic signatures were compared across sensors in the array and across different matrices. Lastly, the arrayed sensing system was applied to complex biological samples to discern and match characteristic signatures between the simulated mixtures and the complex sample responses. As an example, this methodology was applied to screen interfering species relevant to the application of schizophrenia management. Specifically, blood serum measurement of antipsychotic clozapine and antioxidant species can provide useful information regarding therapeutic efficacy and psychiatric symptoms. This work proposes an investigational tool that can guide multi-analyte sensor design, chemometric modeling and biomarker discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheryl E. Chocron
- MEMS Sensors and Actuators Laboratory (MSAL), University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Bryce M. Weisberger
- MEMS Sensors and Actuators Laboratory (MSAL), University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hadar Ben-Yoav
- MEMS Sensors and Actuators Laboratory (MSAL), University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Thomas E. Winkler
- MEMS Sensors and Actuators Laboratory (MSAL), University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Eunkyoung Kim
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Deanna L. Kelly
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Gregory F. Payne
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Reza Ghodssi
- MEMS Sensors and Actuators Laboratory (MSAL), University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wood PL, Unfried G, Whitehead W, Phillipps A, Wood JA. Dysfunctional plasmalogen dynamics in the plasma and platelets of patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2015; 161:506-10. [PMID: 25497441 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Based upon the concept of a prodromal risk syndrome for first psychosis, intense efforts are being applied to define potential biomarkers of disease onset in schizophrenia. One such tentative biomarker may be plasmalogens, complex structural glycerophospholipids that serve multiple functions in all cells. METHODS To further investigate this possibility, we undertook a lipidomics analysis of choline and ethanolamine plasmalogens in the plasma and platelets of 23 patients with schizophrenia and 27 age-matched controls. RESULTS Plasma levels of both choline and ethanolamine plasmalogens were decreased by 23 to 45% in patients with schizophrenia. In platelets, from patients with schizophrenia, ethanolamine plasmalogens also were decreased while choline plasmalogen levels were increased. Levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were decreased by approximately 30% both in plasma and platelets. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that alterations in lipid transport or lipid remodeling/metabolism of plasmalogens are present in schizophrenia and that changes in the steady-state levels of these complex lipid pools may be involved in altered neuronal function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul L Wood
- DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, 6965 Cumberland Gap Parkway, Harrogate, TN 37752, United States.
| | - Greg Unfried
- Southwestern Behavioral Healthcare, 415 Mulberry St., Evansville, IN 47713, United States
| | - Willard Whitehead
- Southwestern Behavioral Healthcare, 415 Mulberry St., Evansville, IN 47713, United States
| | - Aaron Phillipps
- DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, 6965 Cumberland Gap Parkway, Harrogate, TN 37752, United States
| | - Julie A Wood
- Southwestern Behavioral Healthcare, 415 Mulberry St., Evansville, IN 47713, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tregellas JR. Neuroimaging biomarkers for early drug development in schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 2014; 76:111-9. [PMID: 24094513 PMCID: PMC4026337 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2013.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Given the relative inability of currently available antipsychotic treatments to adequately provide sustained recovery and improve quality of life for patients with schizophrenia, new treatment strategies are urgently needed. One way to improve the therapeutic development process may be an increased use of biomarkers in early clinical trials. Reliable biomarkers that reflect aspects of disease pathophysiology can be used to determine if potential treatment strategies are engaging their desired biological targets. This review evaluates three potential neuroimaging biomarkers: hippocampal hyperactivity, gamma-band deficits, and default network abnormalities. These deficits have been widely replicated in the illness, correlate with measures of positive symptoms, are consistent with models of disease pathology, and have shown initial promise as biomarkers of biological response in early studies of potential treatment strategies. Two key features of these deficits, and a guiding rationale for the focus of this review, are that the deficits are not dependent upon patients' performance of specific cognitive tasks and they have analogues in animal models of schizophrenia, greatly increasing their appeal for use as biomarkers. Using neuroimaging biomarkers such as those proposed here to establish early in the therapeutic development process if treatment strategies are having their intended biological effect in humans may facilitate development of new treatments for schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason R Tregellas
- Research Service, Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Medical School, Aurora, Colorado.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate reliability and psychiatric clinical value of quantum resonance spectrometer (QRS) in detection of affective disorders. We studied 1014 patients with schizophrenia and 248 patients with mood disorders (including 93 patients with major depression). Affective disorder symptoms of the same subjects obtained from the QRS test and psychiatrists' diagnoses were compared. In addition, three affective disorder symptoms of renumbered 93 patients with major depression were discriminated using QRS. Kappa values of affective disorder detection and diagnosis were more than 0.69 in all three symptoms of schizophrenia and more than 0.65 in six of seven symptoms of mood disorder. The same consistency could also be seen in receiver operating characteristic curve area under the curve. In the discriminated analysis, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of hypothymia, anxiety, and irritability detected using QRS are more than 0.66 compared with psychiatrists' diagnoses. QRS could be an objective identification and diagnosis instrument and might promote psychiatric clinical diagnosis.
Collapse
|
16
|
Bittner RA, Linden DEJ, Roebroeck A, Härtling F, Rotarska-Jagiela A, Maurer K, Goebel R, Singer W, Haenschel C. The When and Where of Working Memory Dysfunction in Early-Onset Schizophrenia-A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. Cereb Cortex 2014; 25:2494-506. [PMID: 24675869 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhu050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Behavioral evidence indicates that working memory (WM) in schizophrenia is already impaired at the encoding stage. However, the neurophysiological basis of this primary deficit remains poorly understood. Using event-related fMRI, we assessed differences in brain activation and functional connectivity during the encoding, maintenance and retrieval stages of a visual WM task with 3 levels of memory load in 17 adolescents with early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) and 17 matched controls. The amount of information patients could store in WM was reduced at all memory load levels. During encoding, activation in left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) and extrastriate visual cortex, which in controls positively correlated with the amount of stored information, was reduced in patients. Additionally, patients showed disturbed functional connectivity between prefrontal and visual areas. During retrieval, right inferior VLPFC hyperactivation was correlated with hypoactivation of left VLPFC in patients during encoding. Visual WM encoding is disturbed by a failure to adequately engage a visual-prefrontal network critical for the transfer of perceptual information into WM. Prefrontal hyperactivation appears to be a secondary consequence of this primary deficit. Isolating the component processes of WM can lead to more specific neurophysiological markers for translational efforts seeking to improve the treatment of cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Bittner
- Laboratory for Neurophysiology and Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy and Brain Imaging Center, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany Department of Neurophysiology, Max-Planck-Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany Ernst Strüngmann Institute for Neuroscience (ESI) in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - David E J Linden
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Alard Roebroeck
- Department of Neurocognition, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Fabian Härtling
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anna Rotarska-Jagiela
- Laboratory for Neurophysiology and Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy and Brain Imaging Center, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany Department of Neurophysiology, Max-Planck-Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Konrad Maurer
- Laboratory for Neurophysiology and Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy and Brain Imaging Center, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Rainer Goebel
- Department of Neurocognition, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Wolf Singer
- Department of Neurophysiology, Max-Planck-Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany Ernst Strüngmann Institute for Neuroscience (ESI) in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Corinna Haenschel
- Laboratory for Neurophysiology and Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy and Brain Imaging Center, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany School of Psychology, City University, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sundermann B, Herr D, Schwindt W, Pfleiderer B. Multivariate classification of blood oxygen level-dependent FMRI data with diagnostic intention: a clinical perspective. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2013; 35:848-55. [PMID: 24029388 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARY There has been a recent upsurge of reports about applications of pattern-recognition techniques from the field of machine learning to functional MR imaging data as a diagnostic tool for systemic brain disease or psychiatric disorders. Entities studied include depression, schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer dementia. We review these recent studies which-despite the optimism from some articles-predominantly constitute explorative efforts at the proof-of-concept level. There is some evidence that, in particular, support vector machines seem to be promising. However, the field is still far from real clinical application, and much work has to be done regarding data preprocessing, model optimization, and validation. Reporting standards are proposed to facilitate future meta-analyses or systematic reviews.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Sundermann
- From the Department of Clinical Radiology (B.S., W.S., B.P.), University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - D Herr
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (D.H.), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - W Schwindt
- From the Department of Clinical Radiology (B.S., W.S., B.P.), University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - B Pfleiderer
- From the Department of Clinical Radiology (B.S., W.S., B.P.), University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Circulating microRNAs: a novel class of potential biomarkers for diagnosing and prognosing central nervous system diseases. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2013; 33:601-13. [PMID: 23633081 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-013-9940-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
As a class of important endogenous small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level, microRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in many physiological and pathological processes. It is believed that miRNAs contribute to the development, differentiation, and synaptic plasticity of the neurons, and their dysregulation has been linked to a series of diseases. MiRNAs exist in the tissues and as circulating miRNAs in several body fluids, including plasma or serum, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and saliva. There are significant differences between the circulating miRNA expression profiles of healthy individuals and those of patients. Consequently, circulating miRNAs are likely to become a novel class of noninvasive and sensitive biomarkers. Although little is known about the origin and functions of circulating miRNAs at present, their roles in the clinical diagnosis and prognosis of diseases make them attractive markers, particularly for tumors and cardiovascular diseases. Until now, however, there have been limited data regarding the roles of circulating miRNAs in central nervous system (CNS) diseases. This review focuses on the characteristics of circulating miRNAs and their values as potential biomarkers in CNS diseases, particularly in Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder.
Collapse
|
19
|
Current world literature. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2013; 26:231-6. [PMID: 23364282 DOI: 10.1097/yco.0b013e32835dd9de] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
20
|
Tibbo PG, Bernier D, Hanstock CC, Seres P, Lakusta B, Purdon SE. 3-T proton magnetic spectroscopy in unmedicated first episode psychosis: a focus on creatine. Magn Reson Med 2012; 69:613-20. [PMID: 22511463 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Different lines of evidence suggest an abnormal cerebral energy metabolism as being critical to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. However, it is unknown as to whether levels of creatine (Cr) would be involved in these anomalies. The study involved 33 unmedicated first episode psychosis patients and 41 healthy controls. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1) H-MRS) was performed at 3 T using a long TE (TE/TM/TR of 240/27/3000 ms) such that within the total phosphocreatine (PCr) plus Cr signal (tCr(240)), mainly Cr was detectable. The target region was an 18 cm(3) prefrontal volume. A negative association was found between age of patients and tCr(240) levels referenced to internal water, with 20% of the variance in tCr(240) accounted for by Age. A secondary finding revealed 16% reduction of tCr(240) levels in patients, solely when comparing participants older than the median age of patients. No association existed between tCr(240) levels and clinical variables. These findings support previous data reporting abnormalities in brain creatine kinase isoenzymes involved with the maintenance of energy pools in schizophrenia. The implications of using a long TE are discussed in terms of the relative proportions of Cr and PCr within the tCr(240) signal, and of potential group differences in T(2) times.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip G Tibbo
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Knöchel C, Oertel-Knöchel V, O'Dwyer L, Prvulovic D, Alves G, Kollmann B, Hampel H. Cognitive and behavioural effects of physical exercise in psychiatric patients. Prog Neurobiol 2011; 96:46-68. [PMID: 22120173 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2011.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2011] [Revised: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The current review outlines the under-appreciated effects of physical exercise on the course of psychiatric disorders, focussing on recent findings from animal and human research. Several studies have shown that regular physical exercise is significantly beneficial for psychiatric patients both on a biological and a psychological level. Positive effects of controlled exercise include improved metabolic responses, neuro-protection, increased quality of life, and reduced psychopathological symptoms. Studies investigating the effectiveness of various physical training interventions in alleviating severe mental diseases, such as Alzheimer's dementia (AD), schizophrenia (SZ) or major depressive disorder (MDD) indicate that physical exercise can relieve symptoms of depression, psychosis and dementia and more importantly can curtail further progression of these diseases. This review assesses the most effective methods of physical training for specific psychiatric symptoms. Introducing physical exercise in therapeutic regimes would be an innovative approach that could significantly reduce the severity of psychopathological and cognitive symptoms in patients. The positive biological and molecular outcomes associated with physical exercise render it a concrete therapeutic strategy for improving the quality of live and reducing physical illness in psychiatric patients. Therefore, integrating physical activity into a patient's social life may be an effective treatment strategy. Furthermore, exercise might have the potential to be a preventative treatment within the context of multi-modal therapeutic programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Knöchel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Frankfurt/Main, Heinrich Hoffmann Str. 12, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|