Organic solvent-free fabrication of mesoporous polymer monolith from miscible PLLA/PMMA blend

Vapor Deposition of Polymer Structures: From 2D Surface Coatings and Surface Microstructures to 3D Building Blocks and Structural Monoliths

Vapor deposition of polymers offers precise control over polymerization, enabling the creation of uniform thin films, conformal coatings, and complex geometries. These methods produce pinhole-free films with tailored physical and chemical properties while addressing the limitations of conventional solution-based techniques. Recent advancements have extended polymer fabrication beyond thin films to include surface patterns, microstructures, and 3D architectures. This review provides an overview of vapor deposition methods, polymerization mechanisms, and processes for fabricating microstructures and 3D architectures. This review highlights the progress of vapor-deposited polymers, from simple coatings to complex, multifunctional structures. By integrating precise structural control with chemical versatility, these advancements open new opportunities for innovative material design and address the growing demands of modern applications.

Extraction and determination of tussilagone from Farfarae Flos with online solid-phase extraction-high-performance liquid chromatography using a homemade monolithic cartridge doped with porous organic cage material

A solid-phase extraction cartridge was fabricated using diallyl isophthalate as the monomer with the addition of porous organic cage material via in situ free-radical polymerization in a stainless-steel column. The resulting monolithic adsorbent exhibited a relatively uniform porous structure, a high specific surface area of 113.98 m² /g, and multiple functional chemical groups according to the characterization results. An online solid-phase extraction-high-performance liquid chromatography procedure was fabricated to extract and determine tussilagone from Farfarae Flos. The results show that the complex sample matrices can be removed in the solid-phase extraction procedure. Simultaneously, tussilagone can remain, which can be subsequently switched to an octadecylsilane bonded analytical column. The methodological validation showed that the correlation coefficient was 0.9999 with a linear range of 0.6-200.0 µg/mL, the limit of detection was 0.2 µg/mL, the limit of quantification was 0.6 µg/mL, accuracy was 100.3-100.6%, and relative standard deviation of precision was ≤1.9%. The present monolithic cartridge exhibits good reusability of not more than 100 times. The real sample of Farfarae Flos was determined with a tussilagone content of 0.74 mg/g.