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Sarwal R, Dhamija RK, Jain K, Basavaraddi IV. Effect of pranayama on perceived stress, well-being and quality of life of frontline healthcare professionals on COVID-19 duty: A quasi-randomised clinical trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38808479 DOI: 10.1002/ijop.13131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Healthcare professionals (HCPs) had to perform their duties under extremely trying circumstances during the COVID-19 pandemic. High expectations further increased HCP's stress, which had an adverse impact on their mental health. The present quasi-randomised clinical trial examined how a specially designed pranayama regimen practised for 4 weeks affected the mental health of frontline, exposed HCPs in terms of perceived stress, wellness and quality of life. A total of 280 frontline HCPs on COVID-19 duties in five public hospitals of Delhi, India participated in this study. The intervention (n = 123) and control (n = 127) groups were alternately allocated. Data on perceived, self-reported mental health of HCPs were collected at baseline and post-test at the end-line (after 28 days of practice). We report that the intervention group (n = 123) had a substantial lower perceived stress at post-test at the end-line in comparison to the control group (n = 127, p-value: .028). Their overall WHO Quality-of-Life score also improved, of which the score on psychological domain increased significantly (p-value: .019). Accordingly, we conclude that a 28-day practice of the pranayama by the frontline HCPs in COVID-19 hospitals significantly decreased their level of perceived stress and enhanced their psychological quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Khushbu Jain
- Department of Allied Sciences, Morarji Desai National Institute of Yoga, New Delhi, India
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Efimov I, Agricola CJ, Nienhaus A, Harth V, Zyriax BC, Mache S. Stress perception, coping behaviors and work-privacy conflict of student midwives in times of COVID-19 pandemic: the "Healthy MidStudents" study in Germany. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:594. [PMID: 38714981 PMCID: PMC11075225 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-10823-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Student midwives deliver care for women under challenging job demands, which may affect their mental health- thus creating a high need for health promotion. Given the lack of research addressing this topic, the aim of this study is to examine the links between stress perception, coping behaviors, work-privacy conflict, and perception of COVID-19 pandemic impact on studies of student midwives in northern Germany. METHODS Data were collected using a cross-sectional online-survey at nine midwifery study sites in northern Germany from October 2022 to January 2023. 342 student midwives (response rate: 61.3%) were surveyed on stress perception, coping behaviors, work-privacy conflict, and perceived impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their studies. Descriptive, linear regression and moderation analyses were run to test explorative assumptions. RESULTS Results revealed that higher levels of perceived stress were reported by 13.4% of student midwives. Social support (M = 13.76, SD = 2.19) and active stress coping (M = 10.72, SD = 2.01) were identified as most prevalent coping behaviors in the present sample. It was found that work-privacy conflict was positively associated with stress perception (ß = 0.53, p =.001) and maladaptive coping behaviors (alcohol and cigarette consumption: ß = 0.14, p =.015), and negatively associated with adaptive coping behaviors (positive thinking: ß = - 0.25, p =.001, social support: ß = - 0.23, p =.001). Students with children reported significantly lower levels of social support than students without children. 55.6% of student midwives perceived a negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their studies (mostly on lectures, seminars, and contact with fellow students). CONCLUSIONS Key findings highlighted moderate stress levels among student midwives during theoretical study stage. Based on current research, prevalence of high stress levels among student midwives remains unclear. Given the overall heterogeneous, limited research on student midwives' stress perception, coping behaviors, work-privacy conflict and perceptions of COVID-19 pandemic impact on studies, implications for research are suggested, e.g. longitudinal studies at different time points and settings and interventional studies. Findings provide a starting point for implementation of workplace health promotion in theoretical and practical stages of midwifery science study programs, e.g. training courses on stress prevention and adaptive coping, and for improvement of working conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Efimov
- Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Seewartenstr. 10, 20459, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Caroline Johanna Agricola
- Midwifery Science Health Care Research and Prevention, Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Albert Nienhaus
- Competence Center for Epidemiology and Health Services Research for Healthcare Professionals, Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Volker Harth
- Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Seewartenstr. 10, 20459, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Birgit-Christiane Zyriax
- Midwifery Science Health Care Research and Prevention, Institute for Health Services Research in Dermatology and Nursing, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Mache
- Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Seewartenstr. 10, 20459, Hamburg, Germany
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Jesser A, Steinböck A, Pammer B, Ghorab T, Weber M, Schaffler Y, Probst T, Felnhofer A, Kothgassner OD, Pieh C, Humer E. Burdens and resources of Austrian clinical psychologists: results of a qualitative study two years into the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:205. [PMID: 38615038 PMCID: PMC11016222 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01714-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic increased the mental health burden in the general population, enhancing the demands placed on mental healthcare professionals. METHODS This study aimed to assess the burdens and resources of clinical psychologists that emerged since the beginning of the pandemic. N = 172 Austrian clinical psychologists participated in a cross-sectional online survey between April and May 2022. The burdens and the sources of support that emerged during the pandemic were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS Mental health-related issues were identified as the greatest burden, followed by work-related themes and restrictions imposed by the government to combat the spreading of the virus. The most important resources mentioned by the clinical psychologists were social contacts and recreational activities. Practising mindfulness and focusing on inner processes and work-related aspects were further important resources mentioned. CONCLUSION Overall, it seems that clinical psychologists have a high awareness of mental health-related problems related to the pandemic and use adaptive coping strategies to deal with them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Jesser
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, 3500, Austria
- Faculty of Psychotherapy Science, Sigmund Freud University Vienna, Vienna, 1020, Austria
| | - Agnes Steinböck
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, 3500, Austria
| | - Barbara Pammer
- Clinical Psychologist and Psychotherapist, Graz, Austria
| | - Tiam Ghorab
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, 3500, Austria
| | - Magdalena Weber
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, 3500, Austria
| | - Yvonne Schaffler
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, 3500, Austria
| | - Thomas Probst
- Division of Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, 5020, Austria
| | - Anna Felnhofer
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oswald D Kothgassner
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Pieh
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, 3500, Austria
| | - Elke Humer
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, 3500, Austria.
- Faculty of Psychotherapy Science, Sigmund Freud University Vienna, Vienna, 1020, Austria.
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Oh E, Moon S, Chung D, Choi R, Hong GRS. The moderating effect of care time on care-related characteristics and caregiver burden: differences between formal and informal caregivers of dependent older adults. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1354263. [PMID: 38638476 PMCID: PMC11024244 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1354263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study examined differences in care burden between formal and informal caregivers of dependent older adults according to care-related characteristics, and whether care time had a moderating effect on the relationship between care-related characteristics and caregiver burden. Methods Participants were formal (n = 520) and informal caregivers (n = 142) of dependent older adults in South Korea. Caregiver burden was measured using the Korean version of the Zarit Burden Interview. Data were analyzed using hierarchical regression with interaction terms and moderation analysis. Results Caregiver burden was higher for informal caregivers than formal caregivers. Factors associated with an increased risk of caregiver burden in both formal and informal caregiver of dependent older adults were caregivers' stress, physical strain, and care time. Care time significantly moderated the relationship between care attitude and care burden only among formal caregivers. When formal caregivers' care time was 1 standard deviation higher than the mean value, care attitude was significantly associated with care burden (bsimple = -0.903, SE = 0.106, p < 0.001). Conclusion The caregiver burden of dependent older adults can be reduced by providing interventions to attenuate the effects of modifiable risk factors that were identified in this study. And to weaken the relationship between care attitude and burden of formal caregivers who have long care hours, a positive social atmosphere for care should be provided in addition to education. To realize sustainable care, policy considerations that reflect the results of this study will help solve the problem of formal and informal caregiver burden of dependent older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunmi Oh
- Research Institute of Nursing Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - SeolHwa Moon
- Department of Nursing, Hoseo University, Cheonan-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Daum Chung
- College of Nursing, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Rina Choi
- College of Nursing, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Bektaş Akpınar N, Özcan Yüce U, Yurtsever S. The Effect of Distant Reiki on the Stress and Fatigue Levels of Nurses Working in COVID-19 Clinics: A Randomized-Controlled, Single-Blind Study. Holist Nurs Pract 2024; 38:102-108. [PMID: 35435859 DOI: 10.1097/hnp.0000000000000519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The study was conducted using a pre/posttest, randomized-controlled, single-blind trial method. After the pretest, a survey was administered and, distant Reiki was applied to nurses in the intervention group (n = 30) for 20 minutes a day for 4 consecutive days at a usual time. No intervention was made in the control group (n = 32). On the second day after the fourth Reiki session, a posttest survey was administered to nurses in the intervention group. The control group, on the other hand, was administered the posttest survey together with the last intervention group. As a result, in the intervention group, there was a decrease in the mean scores of the Helpless Approach subdimension on the Coping Style Scale and an increase in the mean scores of the Optimistic Approach and Social Support subdimensions ( P < .05). In the Visual Analog Scale for Fatigue, the mean Fatigue score in the intervention group decreased and there was an increase in the Energy subdimension mean score ( P < .05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilay Bektaş Akpınar
- Nursing Department, Health Sciences Faculty, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey (Dr Bektaş Akpınar); Nursing Department, Health Sciences Faculty, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Osmaniye, Turkey (Dr Özcan Yüce); and Teona Training and Counseling Center, Mersin, Turkey (Dr Yurtsever)
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Zhang J, Yang X, Zhang X, Liu Y, Liu M, Fang Y, Liu M, Wu M. Mediating effects of social support and presenteeism on turnover intention and post-traumatic stress disorder among Chinese nurses in the post-pandemic era: a cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1323126. [PMID: 38420027 PMCID: PMC10899410 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1323126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The shift in national policies for epidemic prevention and control in the post-pandemic era is undoubtedly a challenge for health care professionals. Nurses, as an important part of the health care professional population, have an even greater impact on their mental health and occupational safety. This may expose nurses to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and presenteeism, and ultimately lead to their turnover. Objective This study aimed to investigate the relationship between turnover intention and post-traumatic stress disorder among Chinese nurses during post-pandemic era, and the mediating role of social support and presenteeism. Methods In this study, a multicentre cross-sectional survey was conducted in April 2023 among nursing staff in several tertiary general hospitals in northern China, with online data collection using the Turnover intention Scale (PTSD), the Impact of Events Scale (IES), the Social Support Scale (SSS), and the Stanford presenteeism Scale (STAS) and the relationship between variables was analyzed using hierarchical multivariate regression, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder and the Turnover intention from the pathway between. Results Data were collected from 2,513 nurses who met the inclusion criteria, in which general information such as age, department, specific department, Professional title, history of alcohol consumption, form of employment, Years of working, and Average working hours per day were statistically significant with the difference in the turnover intention. The results of the study showed a 32% high turnover intention among nurses in the post-pandemic era, which was lower than the turnover intention during the pandemic. The results of hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that post-traumatic stress disorder, social support, and presenteeism were significant predictors of turnover intention. The total effect of post-traumatic stress disorder on turnover intention to work was 0.472 [bias modified 95% confidence interval (0.415-0.483), p < 0.001]. Social support and attendance played a partially intermediate role in post-traumatic stress disorder and propensity to leave (an indirect effect of 26% of the total effect). Conclusion Turnover intention and post-traumatic stress disorder levels are high and social support plays an important role in the tendency to leave the job and post-traumatic stress disorder, healthcare institution can be achieved by strengthening social support for nurses in the post-epidemic era and preventing the occurrence of presenteeism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingshuo Zhang
- School of Nursing, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Yang
- School of Nursing, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoman Zhang
- School of Nursing, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuping Liu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengshi Liu
- School of Nursing, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Fang
- School of Nursing, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengjie Liu
- School of Nursing, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Wu
- School of Nursing, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Yavuz CI, Yildiz Mİ, Sari ÖY, B Uçgun A, Altintas KH. Psychological well-being of healthcare workers during COVID-19: Relationship with risk perception and fear in the context of health belief model. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2024; 78:483-494. [PMID: 38240725 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2024.2303995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the extent of fear and risk perception related to COVID-19 and their impact on the psychological well-being of healthcare workers. Data were gathered through an online survey, incorporating questions about risk perception utilizing the health belief model, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, and the General Health Questionnaire-12. A total of 364 HCWs participated in the survey, with 94% of participants identified as being in the high-risk category for mental disorders based on their General Health Questionnaire scores. The assessment of COVID-19-related risk perception within the Health Belief Model demonstrated significant correlations between perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived barriers, and self-efficacy with both the fear scale and General Health Questionnaire scores. Linear regression was employed to identify factors influencing General Health Questionnaire scores, revealing that risk perception, Fear of COVID-19 scores, marital status, and perceived health were significantly associated with General Health Questionnaire scores. These findings underscore the importance of monitoring the psychological well-being of healthcare workers throughout all stages of pandemic preparedness and response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cavit I Yavuz
- Department of Public Health, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - M İrem Yildiz
- Department of Psychiatry, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özge Y Sari
- Department of Public Health, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aysenur B Uçgun
- Department of Public Health, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kerim Hakan Altintas
- Department of Public Health, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Hurtado DA, Greenspan SA, Alley L, Hammer LB, Furnari M, Lenhart A. Safety Responsiveness and Psychological Distress Among Health Care Workers During COVID-19 (2020-2022) in the Pacific Northwest. Am J Public Health 2024; 114:204-212. [PMID: 38354349 PMCID: PMC10916732 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2024.307582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Objectives. The COVID-19 pandemic imposed unprecedented safety challenges on health care facilities. This study examined whether health care workers who deemed a better safety response to the pandemic by their units or employers experienced lower psychological distress. Methods. Patient care workers at a health care system in the Pacific Northwest were surveyed every 6 to 8 months from May 2020 to May 2022 (n = 3468). Psychological distress was measured with the Well-being Index (range: -2 to 7 points). Safety response was scored on the basis of participants' ratings (on a 1-5 scale) of equipment sufficiency and responsiveness to safety concerns by their health care system and unit. Results. Adjusted multilevel regressions showed an inverse association between safety responsiveness and psychological distress at the individual level (b = -0.54; 95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.67, -0.41) and the unit level (b = -0.73; 95% CI = -1.46, -0.01). The cross-level interaction was also statistically significant (b = -0.46; 95% CI = -0.87, -0.05). Conclusions. Health care workers who deemed a better response to safety challenges reported lower psychological distress. This study highlights the need for continued efforts to ensure adequate safety resources. (Am J Public Health. 2024;114(S2):S204-S212. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307582).
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Hurtado
- The authors are with Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. David A. Hurtado, Samuel A. Greenspan, Leslie B. Hammer, and Lindsey Alley are with the Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences. Megan Furnari is with the Division of Neonatology, School of Medicine. Abigail Lenhart is with the Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics
| | - Samuel A Greenspan
- The authors are with Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. David A. Hurtado, Samuel A. Greenspan, Leslie B. Hammer, and Lindsey Alley are with the Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences. Megan Furnari is with the Division of Neonatology, School of Medicine. Abigail Lenhart is with the Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics
| | - Lindsey Alley
- The authors are with Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. David A. Hurtado, Samuel A. Greenspan, Leslie B. Hammer, and Lindsey Alley are with the Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences. Megan Furnari is with the Division of Neonatology, School of Medicine. Abigail Lenhart is with the Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics
| | - Leslie B Hammer
- The authors are with Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. David A. Hurtado, Samuel A. Greenspan, Leslie B. Hammer, and Lindsey Alley are with the Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences. Megan Furnari is with the Division of Neonatology, School of Medicine. Abigail Lenhart is with the Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics
| | - Megan Furnari
- The authors are with Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. David A. Hurtado, Samuel A. Greenspan, Leslie B. Hammer, and Lindsey Alley are with the Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences. Megan Furnari is with the Division of Neonatology, School of Medicine. Abigail Lenhart is with the Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics
| | - Abigail Lenhart
- The authors are with Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. David A. Hurtado, Samuel A. Greenspan, Leslie B. Hammer, and Lindsey Alley are with the Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences. Megan Furnari is with the Division of Neonatology, School of Medicine. Abigail Lenhart is with the Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics
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Chen P, Sun HL, Li DH, Feng Y, Su Z, Cheung T, Cui XL, Ungvari GS, Jackson T, An FR, Xiang YT. A comparison of psychiatric symptoms between mental health professionals with and without post-infection sequelae of COVID-19. Psychiatry Res 2024; 331:115631. [PMID: 38101073 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Post-infection sequelae of COVID-19 (PISC) have raised public health concerns. However, it is not clear whether infected mental health professionals (MHPs) with PISC have experienced more psychiatric symptoms than MHPs without PISC do. This study examined differences in the prevalence of self-reported depression, anxiety, insomnia and suicidality as well as the network structures of these symptoms between these two groups. Participants completed questionnaire measures of psychiatric symptoms and demographics. Expected influence was used to measure centrality of symptoms and network comparison tests were adopted to compare differences in the two network models. The sample comprised 2,596 participants without PISC and 2,573 matched participants with PISC. MHPs with PISC had comparatively higher symptom levels related to depression (55.2% vs. 23.5 %), anxiety (32.0% vs. 14.9 %), insomnia (43.3% vs. 17.3 %), and suicidality (9.6% vs. 5.3 %). PHQ4 ("Fatigue"), PHQ6 ("Guilt"), and GAD2 ("Uncontrollable Worrying") were the most central symptoms in the "without PISC" network model. Conversely, GAD3 ("Worry too much"), GAD5 ("Restlessness"), and GAD4 ("Trouble relaxing") were more central in the "with PISC" network model. In sum, MHPs with PISC experienced comparatively more psychiatric symptoms and related disturbances. Network results provide foundations for the expectation that MHPs with PISC may benefit from interventions that address anxiety-related symptoms, while those without PISC may benefit from interventions targeting depression-related symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Chen
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - He-Li Sun
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - De-Hui Li
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohui Su
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Teris Cheung
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xi-Ling Cui
- Department of Business Administration, Hong Kong Shue Yan University Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Gabor S Ungvari
- Section of Psychiatry, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia; Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Todd Jackson
- Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Feng-Rong An
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China; Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
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Puri BK, Miari A, Theodoratou M. Predictors of poor psychological functioning of healthcare workers based in Greece during the COVID-19 pandemic. Health Psychol Res 2023; 11:91274. [PMID: 38162540 PMCID: PMC10756858 DOI: 10.52965/001c.91274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Poor psychological functioning during the COVID-19 pandemic has been reported in several studies of healthcare workers from around the world. Factors that might predict this have yet to be established. Objectives First, to ascertain which factors were associated with poor psychological functioning in a cohort of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Second, to characterize key sociodemographic aspects of this cohort. Third, to determine the degree to which any predictors of poor psychological functioning were associated with each other. Methods A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted of 144 healthcare workers in Patras, Greece, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The questionnaire consisted of: (1) demographic survey questions; (2) the Psychological Consequences Questionnaire scale; (3) the Kessler Psychological Distress scale; and (4) Toulouse's scale for coping strategies. The data were analyzed using general linear modeling. Results The statistical model (p < 10-10) indicated that smoking or taking drugs to calm anxiety, feeling ashamed, and being overwhelmed by one's feelings were all predictors of poor psychological functioning. Conversely, income was a protective factor. A post hoc network analysis showed that smoking or taking drugs to calm anxiety was relatively strongly associated with feeling ashamed; the latter was also associated with feeling overwhelmed. There was a weak negative association between income and feeling ashamed. Conclusion This study highlights the critical importance of psychological functioning in shaping the mental well-being of healthcare professionals during pandemics. Prioritizing the mental health of frontline workers is crucial for their well-being and for the overall functioning of healthcare systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Theodoratou
- Social Sciences Hellenic Open University
- Health Sciences Neapolis University Pafos
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Alrjoub W, Alarjeh G, Ammar K, Shamieh A, Harding R, Booth C, Sullivan R, Al-ruzzieh M, Mansour A, Shamieh O. Stress, resilience, and moral distress among health care providers in oncology during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1288483. [PMID: 38192554 PMCID: PMC10773806 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1288483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus pandemic has potential implications for stress levels and resilience among oncology healthcare professionals (HCPs). This study aims to assess perceived stress, resilience, and moral distress levels among oncology HCPs in Jordan during the pandemic and identify associated risk factors. Methods An online cross-sectional survey was conducted among oncology HCPs in Jordan using three validated tools: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RSIC), and Moral Distress Thermometer (MDT). Seven items were used to assess sources of stress. Results A total of 965 participants enrolled with a 74% response rate. The participants' ages ranged from 20 to 74 (mean = 32.74, SD = 5.197), with 79.1% males, 45.1% were physicians, 32.6% were public hospital workers, 57.1% were married, and 56.6% had children below 18 years. Findings indicated moderate perceived stress (Mean = 15.87, SD = 5.861), low resilience (Mean = 29.18, SD = 5.197), and high moral distress (Mean = 4.72, SD = 2.564). Females, unmarried individuals, and younger age groups exhibited higher PSS (p = 0.009, p < 0.001, and P<0.001) and lower resilience (p = 0.024, p = 0.034, and p = 0.001). Not having children below 18 years correlated with higher perceived stress (P < 0.001). In linear regression analysis, age and gender emerged as significant predictors of both perceived stress and resilience. Female participants reported stress related to the risk of contracting COVID-19 (p = 0.001), transmitting it to others (p = 0.017), social isolation (P < 0.001), and having children at home due to school closures (p = 0.000). A cohort of 239 participants repeated the survey within a two-month interval, revealed a statistically significant decrease in the CD-RISC scores (p < 0.001). Conclusion Oncology HCPs in Jordan experienced moderate stress, high moral distress, and poor resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. These factors may negatively affect the quality of oncology care. Urgent measures are necessary to support HCPs in coping with unforeseen circumstances in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed Alrjoub
- Centre for Palliative and Cancer Care in Conflict (CPCCC), King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC), Amman, Jordan
| | - Ghadeer Alarjeh
- Centre for Palliative and Cancer Care in Conflict (CPCCC), King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC), Amman, Jordan
| | - Khawlah Ammar
- Centre of Research Shared Resources, King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC), Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Richard Harding
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King’s College London, Cicely Saunders Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Booth
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Cancer Care and Epidemiology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Richard Sullivan
- Institute of Cancer Policy, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Asem Mansour
- Director General’s Office, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Omar Shamieh
- Centre for Palliative and Cancer Care in Conflict (CPCCC), King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC), Amman, Jordan
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Palliative Care, King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC), Amman, Jordan
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12
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Yan L, Li J, Lin P, Sun J. Psychological Stress and Coping Strategy Profiles Among Frontline Medical Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Nerv Ment Dis 2023; 211:954-960. [PMID: 38015185 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This study aimed to explore coping strategy profiles used by frontline medical workers and the psychological stress reactions associated with each category, in the COVID-19 pandemic context. Participants were 651 frontline medical workers recruited between February and March 2020. Psychological stress reactions (e.g., anxiety, depression) and coping strategies were assessed and analyzed using latent profile analysis and linear regression. Participants had three coping strategy profiles: coping inadequately (28.9%), coping appropriately (64.4%), and coping excessively (6.7%). Compared with coping appropriately, those who coped inadequately and excessively had higher psychological stress reactions levels. Levels of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder in excessive-coping individuals were higher than those who coped inadequately. Our findings elucidate the effectiveness of different coping strategy profiles and provide insights for developing targeted interventions to mitigate stress among medical workers. In light of these results, we recommend implementing stress management programs tailored to specific coping strategy profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Yan
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan
| | - Jiahuan Li
- School of Health and Nursing, Zhenjiang College, Zhenjiang
| | | | - Jiwei Sun
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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13
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Blázquez M, Sánchez-Mangas R. General and COVID19-specific emotional stress: Religious practice as a potential coping strategy. ECONOMICS AND HUMAN BIOLOGY 2023; 51:101284. [PMID: 37531911 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2023.101284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Using Spanish microdata from the Survey on mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic conducted in February 2021 by the Centre for Sociological Research (CIS), this paper aims at identifying individual factors associated with an increased risk of mental or emotional distress arising from two different sources: a general pattern of depression or anxiety and distress specifically associated with the pandemic as measured by fears and worries about one's own or others' lives and job and income insecurity due to the COVID-19 health crisis. We explore gender differences in both types of mental distress as well as the role of individual religiosity, measured as religious beliefs and behaviours, as a potential coping strategy. In both general and COVID-specific mental distress, our results provide evidence of gender differences in the risk of suffering these conditions, with a higher incidence among women. We also find that religious beliefs and practice seem to have served as a coping strategy that has allowed females to narrow the gender gap, particularly for practising Catholics. The evidence is stronger for mental distress associated with anxiety or depression. However, it is still present, albeit to a lesser extent, for suffering caused by pandemic-related mental stressors. Our results suggest that religious practices and beliefs might play a key role in alleviating additional distress symptoms caused by emergency situations such as those suffered during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maite Blázquez
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Teoría Económica e Historia Económica, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Campus de Cantoblanco, Ctra. de Colmenar, km.15, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rocío Sánchez-Mangas
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Economía Cuantitativa, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales, Campus de Cantoblanco, Ctra. de Colmenar, km.15, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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14
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Mohi Ud Din Q, Zhang L. Unveiling the Mechanisms through Which Leader Integrity Shapes Ethical Leadership Behavior: Theory of Planned Behavior Perspective. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:928. [PMID: 37998675 PMCID: PMC10669232 DOI: 10.3390/bs13110928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Leadership integrity is crucial in shaping ethical leadership or promoting a rigorous adherence to moral principles and standards. This study explores the intricate relationship between leader integrity, moral identification, self-regulation, and ethical leadership behavior, providing practical insights for healthcare leaders seeking to enhance ethical practices. It addresses a critical gap in the research landscape by focusing on individual-level ethical leadership within the healthcare sector, where prior investigations have been limited. This study examines the mediating role of moral identification among leader integrity and ethical leadership behavior. We surveyed 181 health sector workers and employed SmartPLS to assess the conceptualized relationships. The analyses reveal a significant indirect influence of leader integrity on ethical leadership behavior, whereas moral identification mediates the relationship. Our findings further indicate an intriguing moderation effect of self-regulation on the relationship between moral identification and ethical leadership behavior. This divergence from previous research underscores the significance of contextual and methodological factors in studying leadership integrity and ethical behavior. Our study contributes to the literature on the relationship through planned behavior theory by demonstrating that moral identification mediates the relationship between leader integrity and ethical leadership behavior in the context of the theory of planned behavior. Our findings underscore the significance of fostering leader integrity within organizations to indirectly promote ethical leadership behaviors through moral identification. Organizations should prioritize initiatives that cultivate moral identification among their members to enhance ethical cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qaiser Mohi Ud Din
- Department of Business Administration, School of Management, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Business Administration, School of Management, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
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15
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Bakhsh LS, AlHazmi A, BaMohammed A, Binishaq E, Abdullah G, Bajal R, Al Ramamneh I. Emotions, Perceived Stressors, and Coping Strategies Among Nursing Staff in Saudi Arabia During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Cureus 2023; 15:e48284. [PMID: 38058321 PMCID: PMC10696279 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in heightened stress for nurses and other healthcare workers, particularly during the initial phase of the crisis. Despite the adoption of various coping strategies, psychological distress persisted, affecting nurses' well-being and jeopardizing the overall resilience of the healthcare system. This study assessed the emotional response, perceived stressors, and coping strategies among nurses' staff who worked during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic. Method A cross-sectional study was carried out among nurses who worked during the initial phase of the COVID-19 crisis (June - August 2020), at a tertiary care center in Western Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire explored five main sections. The first section (15 items) assessed emotions experienced during the initial wave of COVID-19, capturing both positive and negative sentiments, such as "joy" or "fear." The second section (20 items) examined the presence of stressors, like "lack of protective equipment" or "fear of infection." The third section (14 items) evaluated the perceived effectiveness of certain stress-reducing factors, including "peer support" or "training." In the fourth section (13 items), participants rated their usage frequency of various coping strategies, such as "meditation" or "seeking advice." Lastly, the fifth section assessed the hypothetical impact of 10 incentives, like "financial bonuses" or "additional training," in motivating nurses' involvement in future epidemic responses. The questionnaire was completed with demographic and professional data. A convenience sampling method was employed, and 315 nurses participated in the study. Descriptive statistics were carried out using SPSS version 24 for Windows (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Result The most commonly experienced emotion was a feeling of responsibility and ethical duty, reported by 97.5% of the participants, followed by nervousness and fear (83.8%), anger (73.3%), and stigma (70.2%). On the other hand, 86.7% were expecting a financial compensation. The most common stressors were related to the nurses' own safety, or the safety of their families and colleagues, reported by 92.4-95.2% of the participants. The perceived uncontrollability of COVID-19 was also a significant stressor. The improvement of the health status of infected colleagues (98.1%) or patients (97.5%) were the most common factors associated with the reduction in nurses' stress. Among the coping strategies, five were almost systematically deployed by the nurses (>95%), all consisting of cognitive and behavioral mechanisms to enhance own knowledge and safety and avoid being infected. The most crucial determinants for commitment in future pandemics are the availability of a cure or vaccine (93.3%), family support (91.4%), adequate personal protective equipment from the hospital (90.8%), and exemption from overtime (90.2%). Conclusion The first wave of COVID-19 exerted a tremendous psychological stress on nurses, due to concerns about safety, disease uncertainties, and social isolation. Analyzing these impacts offers insights for enhancing institutional and national crisis strategies, emphasizing staff safety and psychological well-being, especially for first responders like nurses. Policy implications include prioritizing mental health support and preparedness in future crisis plans. Additionally, ensuring continuous training and strategic workload management is crucial for maintaining frontline commitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamees S Bakhsh
- Department of Nursing, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Abeer AlHazmi
- Department of Nursing, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Alla BaMohammed
- Department of Nursing, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Eiman Binishaq
- Department of Nursing, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Ghadah Abdullah
- Department of Nursing, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Razaz Bajal
- Department of Nursing, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Ibrahim Al Ramamneh
- Department of Nursing, King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Medicine, Jeddah, SAU
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16
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Lowry D, Hevey D, Wilson C, O' Doherty V, O' Sullivan S, Finnerty C, Pender N, D'Alton P, Mulhern S. Wellbeing and mental health outcomes amongst hospital healthcare workers during COVID-19. Ir J Psychol Med 2023; 40:402-410. [PMID: 36782404 DOI: 10.1017/ipm.2023.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Global healthcare systems have been particularly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are widely reported to have experienced increased levels of baseline psychological distress relative to the general population, and the COVID-19 pandemic may have had an additive effect. However, previous studies are typically restricted to physicians and nurses with limited data available on hospital HCWs. We aimed to conduct a cross-sectional, psychological evaluation of Irish HCWs during COVID-19. METHODS HCWs across five adult acute level-4 Dublin-based hospitals completed an online survey of wellbeing and COVID-19 experience. RESULTS There were 1898 HCWs who commenced the survey representing 10% of the total employee base. The sample comprised nurses (33%), doctors (21%), Health and Social Care Professionals (HSCPs) (24%) and 'Other' disciplines (22%), and 81% identified as female. Clinical levels of depression, anxiety and PTSD symptoms were endorsed by 31%, 34% and 28% of respondents, respectively. Professional grouping effects included: nurses reporting significantly greater levels of COVID-19 exposure, infection, COVID-fear, moral injury, and post-traumatic distress; HSCPs were significantly less likely to report mood dysfunction. In terms of gender, males were significantly less likely to report negative pandemic experiences, low resilience, and significantly more likely to endorse 'minimal' depression, anxiety, and traumatic distress. Logistic regression modelling revealed mental health outcomes (depression, anxiety and PTSD symptoms) were associated with increased frontline exposure, fewer career years' experience, elevated pre-pandemic stress, and female gender. DISCUSSION To our knowledge, this is the largest evaluation of psychological wellbeing amongst HCWs in acute hospitals in the Dublin region. Our findings have implications for healthcare workforce wellbeing and future service delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lowry
- Department of Psychology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - D Hevey
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - C Wilson
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - V O' Doherty
- Department of Psychology, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin 24, Ireland
| | - S O' Sullivan
- Department of Psychological Medicine, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - C Finnerty
- Department of Psychology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin 7, Ireland
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - N Pender
- Department of Psychology, Beaumont University Hospital, Dublin 3, Ireland
| | - P D'Alton
- Department of Psychology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - S Mulhern
- Department of Psychology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin 7, Ireland
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17
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Afifi RA, Calderon JL, Pham H, Teahen P, Zarate-Sada S, Sewell DK, Vander Weg MW. Ignored and distressed: a cross-sectional study of the impact of COVID-19 on last responders. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1637. [PMID: 37633898 PMCID: PMC10463888 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16565-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Last responders constitute an occupational category that includes all those that are involved in the postmortem care of deceased persons and their families. Last responders are exposed to several categories of work-related stressors that affect their health and well-being. COVID-19 exacerbated these stressors. Research to understand the consequences of COVID-19 on the health and wellbeing of last responders is nascent. This study aimed to assess COVID-19 related stress, coping and wellbeing among last responders in the United States. METHODS We conducted a national cross-sectional survey of last responders in July through September of 2020. The survey measured wellbeing, stress, coping, and stigma; COVID-19 experiences, and socio-demographics. A ridge regression model was fit for the outcome variables. RESULTS Analysis was conducted on 366 respondents from 43 states. Respondents were male (55.4%), age 50 + (57.4%), and White non-Hispanic (90.3%); 54% reported moderate-high stress and 41% endorsed mild-severe anxiety. Seventy-seven percent had experienced at least one form of stigma related to their occupation. Variables associated with higher perceived stress and anxiety included gender (female), shorter length of employment, perceiving a higher impact from COVID-19 on everyday life, and increased perceived stigma. CONCLUSIONS Last responders are a critical part of the health care system. Throughout this pandemic, last responders have been frequently ignored and not prioritized for protection and support. Interventions to support last responders cope with stress, and to decrease anxiety are urgently needed. There is also a critical need to challenge community stigma towards last responders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima A Afifi
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, 145 N Riverside Drive, Iowa City, Iowa, N416, USA.
| | - Jorge Luis Calderon
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, 145 N Riverside Drive, Iowa City, Iowa, N416, USA
| | - Hanh Pham
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Peter Teahen
- Teahen Funeral Home, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, USA
- Clinical Mental Health Counseling, College of Education, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Sydney Zarate-Sada
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, 145 N Riverside Drive, Iowa City, Iowa, N416, USA
| | - Daniel K Sewell
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Mark W Vander Weg
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, 145 N Riverside Drive, Iowa City, Iowa, N416, USA
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18
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Schaffler Y, Bauer M, Schein B, Jesser A, Probst T, Pieh C, Humer E. Understanding pandemic resilience: a mixed-methods exploration of burdens, resources, and determinants of good or poor well-being among Austrian psychotherapists. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1216833. [PMID: 37693716 PMCID: PMC10483144 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1216833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the mental health burden on the general population, resulting in increased demands on mental healthcare professionals, including psychotherapists. This cross-sectional study assessed the challenges and resources encountered by 513 psychotherapists based on an online survey conducted between April and May 2022. Methods Qualitative methods content analysis of written reports was employed to investigate the emerging challenges and sources of support during the pandemic. A comparative analysis of burdens, resources, sociodemographic factors and daily physical activity was conducted to discern patterns of good and poor well-being. Results The predominant burden identified was mental health-related issues, followed by global crises and government-imposed restrictions to mitigate virus transmission. Essential resources encompassed social connections, mindfulness, work satisfaction, and internal processes. Notably, psychotherapists demonstrating good well-being were older, more physically active, had a lower proportion of females, were employed in private practices rather than in institutionalized settings, had more years of professional experience and treated more patients weekly than their counterparts with poor well-being. Furthermore, they exhibited greater optimism, health focus, and satisfaction with their coping methods. Discussion These findings can help develop support systems, policies, and educational programs to better support mental health professionals during global crises and offer strategies for individual practitioners to maintain their well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Schaffler
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, Austria
| | - Monika Bauer
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, Austria
| | - Barbara Schein
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, Austria
| | - Andrea Jesser
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, Austria
| | - Thomas Probst
- Division of Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christoph Pieh
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, Austria
| | - Elke Humer
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, Austria
- Faculty of Psychotherapy Science, Sigmund Freud University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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19
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Eren N, Zararsız Y, Medetalibeyoğlu A, Polat I. Relationship between Psychological Resilience, Perceived Stress, Death Anxiety and Progression of Disease in Individuals with COVID-19. Noro Psikiyatr Ars 2023; 60:245-251. [PMID: 37645087 PMCID: PMC10461767 DOI: 10.29399/npa.28264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study examines the association between perceived stress, death anxiety, psychological resilience and the sociodemographic and clinical features of patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods 304 patients with COVID-19 diagnosis, who were admitted to İstanbul University İstanbul Faculty of Medicine Hospital "COVID-19 Patients Monitoring Center" were recruited. No sample selection was made, all the patients who were followed up and treated in the center were included. Data was collected by the researchers through face-to-face interviews using the Sociodemographic Information and Disease Progression Form, Psychological Hardiness Scale (PHS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Templer Death Anxiety Scale (TDAS). Results Women scored higher in PSS and TDAS. Participants with chronic diseases reported higher death anxiety whereas perceived stress was higher in individuals with psychiatric disorders and ones without a history of intensive care unit stay. Participants without psychiatric disorders, who had longer hospitalization and who fully recovered scored higher in PHS-Control. Patients' report of negative attitudes from their relatives/friends was associated with lower scores in PHS. Perceived stress was correlated with death anxiety and psychological resilience. Conclusion Being female, comorbid physical and mental illnesses, continuation of disease symptoms and low psychological resilience were found to be risk factors in terms of stress and death anxiety in COVID-19 patients. These vulnerable groups need to be closely evaluated with a bio-psychosocial approach and provided psychological support during the course of the disease. Health institutions are recommended to conduct medical treatment in cooperation with psychological care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurhan Eren
- Department of Psychiatry, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Yağmur Zararsız
- Department of Internal Diseases, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, İstanbul Health and Social Sciences Vocational School, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Alpay Medetalibeyoğlu
- Department of Internal Diseases, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Irmak Polat
- Department of Psychiatry, İstanbul Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey
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Graziani AR, Botindari L, Menegatti M, Moscatelli S. Adaptive Coping Strategies at the Time of COVID-19: The Role of Social and General Trust. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6512. [PMID: 37569052 PMCID: PMC10419113 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20156512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Research in the field shows the crucial role of trust in the functioning of many aspects of social life, especially when dealing with emergencies. We report the results of a study (N = 883) carried out in Italy during the first phase of the COVID-19 crisis to assess whether and how social trust (i.e., trust in those who have the authority and responsibility for making decisions, such as the Italian government, the regional government, the Civil Protection, the European Union, the Catholic Church, and the scientific community) and general trust (i.e., trust in the trustworthiness of other individuals, such as Italians and humankind) are associated with the employment of coping strategies in dealing with the challenges of the pandemic. Overall, the results highlight that trust in different authorities and institutions and trust in other human beings are positively associated with the adoption of adaptive coping strategies such as seeking social support, positive reinterpretation and growth, problem-solving orientation, and transcendent orientation. In contrast, they are negatively related to the adoption of maladaptive coping strategies such as avoidance. These findings point out the benefits of various types of trust in helping individuals deal with crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rita Graziani
- Department of Communication and Economics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Viale Allegri 9, 42121 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Lucia Botindari
- SAIS Europe, Johns Hopkins University, Via Andreatta 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Michela Menegatti
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 5, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Silvia Moscatelli
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 5, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.); (S.M.)
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Klinkosz W, Styk W, Iskra J, Trzepińska G. Fear, Loneliness, Happiness and Mental Health in the Post-COVID-19 Period: A Cross-Cultural Study in a Sample of Japanese and Polish University Students. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:2695-2707. [PMID: 37485284 PMCID: PMC10362892 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s414702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, interpersonal relations were highly constrained due to the social distancing rules and sanitary restrictions imposed to prevent the transmission of the virus. These social changes gave rise to ever-deepening experiences of loneliness, deterioration of mental well-being, and fear of COVID-19, which affected the citizens of all the countries struggling with the pandemic. Methods The present paper reports the results of a study on mental health, interdependent happiness, loneliness and fear of COVID-19 in Polish and Japanese university students. A total of 180 people (83 Poles and 97 Japanese) aged 19-41 participated in the study. The participants were surveyed using the Mental Health Continuum-Short Form to assess three dimensions of mental health; the UCLA Three-Item Loneliness Scale to measure loneliness; the Interdependent Happiness Scale based on the concept of a relational sense of community with others as associated with well-being, and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S). The respondents were also asked one question about their subjectively perceived economic status. Results The largest cross-cultural difference in the investigated variables concerned fear of COVID-19. The Japanese university students showed higher levels of this fear. The level of fear of COVID-19 in the group of women, regardless of the culture they came from, was not associated with any other variables we analyzed. In the Japanese sample, it was negatively correlated with interdependent happiness, and in the Polish sample, fear od COVID-19 was only correlated with the Social dimension of Mental Health. Other variables that differentiated the two nationalities, though to a lesser extent, were the Social dimension of Mental Health, which was higher in the Japanese sample, and the Psychological dimension of Social Health, with higher scores in the Polish sample. Conclusion The power of mental resources, although it may vary among individuals, is independent of culture. Regardless of the level of fear of COVID-19 in the two cultures, the examined mental resources are positively associated with well-being and the return to normal functioning after the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waldemar Klinkosz
- Institute of Psychology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Styk
- Department of Psychology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, 20-059, Poland
| | - Justyna Iskra
- The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Greta Trzepińska
- Institute of Psychology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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22
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Saeedi M, Abedini Z, Latif M, Piruzhashemi M. Correlation between COVID-19-related health anxiety and coping styles among frontline nurses. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:238. [PMID: 37430210 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01344-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The long-term epidemic of COVID-19 and its recurrence has exposed frontline nurses to mental disorders such as stress and health anxiety. High levels of health anxiety associated with COVID-19 may lead to maladaptive behaviors. There is no agreement on which coping styles are most effective against stress. Therefore, more evidence is required to find better adaptive behaviors. The present study was conducted to investigate the correlation between the level of health anxiety and the type of coping strategies used by frontline nurses fighting COVID-19. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study that was performed on a convenience sample of 386 nurses who are working in the COVID department from October to December 2020, coinciding with the outbreak of the third COVID-19 peak in Iran. Data were collected through a demographic questionnaire, the short version of the health anxiety questionnaire, and coping inventory for stressful situations. Data were analyzed using independent T-test, U-Mann-Whitney, and Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests with SPSS version 23 software. RESULTS The mean score of nurses' health anxiety was 17.61 ± 9.26 which was more than the cut-off point for health anxiety and 59.1% of nurses had COVID-19-related health anxiety. The mean score of problem coping style (26.85 ± 5.19), was higher than emotion (18.48 ± 5.63) and avoidance (19.64 ± 5.88) coping styles and nurses mostly used problem-coping strategies to deal with anxiety caused by COVID-19. There was a positive significant correlation between the scores of health anxiety and emotion coping style (r = 0.54; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Based on the findings of this study, COVID-19-related health anxiety was high in front-line nurses and those with high health anxiety were more likely to use emotion-based coping strategies, which are ineffective. Therefore, considering strategies to reduce nurses' health anxiety and holding training programs on effective coping methods in epidemic conditions are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zahra Abedini
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
| | | | - Masoumeh Piruzhashemi
- Department of Hefdah Shahrivar and Shahid Modares Hospital, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
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23
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Romo-González T, Barranca-Enríquez A, León-Díaz R, Hurtado-Capetillo JM, Herrera-Meza S, Villegas JDD, Carvajal AB. Stress symptoms and positive coping during coronavirus disease 2019: The need to look at health from a gender perspective. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287055. [PMID: 37418370 PMCID: PMC10328341 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergency derived from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has taught us important lessons in public and environmental health, particularly in the alarming numbers of existing noncommunicable diseases. However, one aspect to which little attention has been paid during the pandemic is mental health and its relationship with the gender perspective, in spite of gender being a determinant associated with health. In contrast, regarding health, few schemes and theories consider health from a positive and comprehensive perspective. METHODS This study was designed to examine the symptoms of stress and positive coping from a gender perspective. For this, the Stress Symptomatology Inventory, the Positive Coping to Life Scale and a general data questionnaire were applied to 665 individuals underwent the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 test at the Center for Health Studies and Services of the Universidad Veracruzana from July 2020 to November 2021. FINDINGS We found that women presented more stress symptoms and less positive coping in the factor of positive self-regulation of adverse situations and the factors of self-determination and positive self-regulation of important situations. Moreover, significant differences in the associations of these variables were observed between men and women. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, the needs of women must be considered in the approach to the emergency department due to COVID-19 and in general in the health-disease process; therefore, not considering a gender approach will continue to deepen inequalities between sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Romo-González
- Biology and Integral Health Area of the Biological Research Institute, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | | | - Rosalba León-Díaz
- Biology and Integral Health Area of the Biological Research Institute, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | | | - Socorro Herrera-Meza
- Psychological Research Institute, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
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24
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Luca RD, Rifici C, Terranova A, Orecchio L, Castorina MV, Torrisi M, Cannavò A, Bramanti A, Bonanno M, Calabrò RS, Cola MCD. Healthcare worker burnout during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Italy: experiences from an intensive neurological rehabilitation unit. J Int Med Res 2023; 51:3000605231182664. [PMID: 37486238 PMCID: PMC10369104 DOI: 10.1177/03000605231182664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aim was to investigate the prevalence of behavioral symptoms and burnout in healthcare workers in an intensive neurological rehabilitation unit in Messina, Italy, during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Italy. METHODS Forty-seven healthcare workers (including neurologists, physiatrists, nurses and rehabilitation therapists) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study from February 2020 to June 2020. Participants were administered the following psychometric tests to investigate burnout and related symptoms: the Maslach Burnout Inventory, which measures emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment; the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS); the Pre-Sleep Arousal Scale (PSAS); the Dyadic Adjustment Scale; and the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ). RESULTS We found several correlations between test scores and burnout subdimensions. Emotional exhaustion was correlated with SDS (r = 0.67), PSAS-Cognitive (r = 0.67) and PSAS-Somatic (r = 0.70) scores, and moderately correlated with all BPAQ dimensions (r = 0.42). Depersonalization was moderately correlated with SDS (r = 0.54), PSAS-Cognitive (r = 0.53) and PSAS-Somatic (r = 0.50) scores. CONCLUSION During the first COVID-19 lockdown in Italy, healthcare workers were more exposed to physical and mental exhaustion and burnout. Research evaluating organizational and system-level interventions to promote psychological well-being at work for healthcare workers are needed.
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Fulham-McQuillan H, O'Donovan R, Buckley CM, Crowley P, Gilmore B, Martin J, McAuliffe E, Martin G, Moore G, Morrissey M, Nicholson E, Shé ÉN, O'Hara MC, Segurado R, Sweeney MR, Wall P, De Brún A. Exploring the psychological impact of contact tracing work on staff during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:602. [PMID: 37291553 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09566-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contact tracing is a key control measure in the response to the COVID-19 pandemic. While quantitative research has been conducted on the psychological impact of the pandemic on other frontline healthcare workers, none has explored the impact on contact tracing staff. METHODS A longitudinal study was conducted using two repeated measures with contact tracing staff employed in Ireland during the COVID-19 pandemic using two-tailed independent samples t tests and exploratory linear mixed models. RESULTS The study sample included 137 contact tracers in March 2021 (T1) and 218 in September 2021 (T3). There was an increase from T1 to T3 in burnout related exhaustion (p < 0·001), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom scores (p < 0·001), mental distress (p < 0·01), perceived stress (p < 0·001) and tension and pressure (p < 0·001). In those aged 18-30, there was an increase in exhaustion related burnout (p < 0·01), PTSD symptoms (p < 0·05), and tension and pressure scores (p < 0·05). Additionally, participants with a background in healthcare showed an increase in PTSD symptom scores by T3 (p < 0·001), reaching mean scores equivalent to those of participants who did not have a background in healthcare. CONCLUSIONS Contact tracing staff working during the COVID-19 pandemic experienced an increase in adverse psychological outcomes. These findings highlight a need for further research on psychological supports required by contact tracing staff with differing demographic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh Fulham-McQuillan
- UCD Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Education, and Innovation in Health Systems (UCD IRIS), School of Nursing, Midwifery & Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Róisín O'Donovan
- Centre for Positive Psychology and Health, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin 2, Ireland
| | | | - Philip Crowley
- Team Strategy and Research Directorate, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brynne Gilmore
- UCD Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Education, and Innovation in Health Systems (UCD IRIS), School of Nursing, Midwifery & Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jennifer Martin
- National Quality and Patient Safety Directorate, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eilish McAuliffe
- UCD Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Education, and Innovation in Health Systems (UCD IRIS), School of Nursing, Midwifery & Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gregory Martin
- Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gemma Moore
- Team Strategy and Research Directorate, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary Morrissey
- National Health Intelligence Unit, Research & Evidence, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Emma Nicholson
- UCD Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Education, and Innovation in Health Systems (UCD IRIS), School of Nursing, Midwifery & Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Éidín Ní Shé
- Graduate School of Healthcare Management, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Mary Clare O'Hara
- Research and Development, Strategy and Research, Health Service Executive, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ricardo Segurado
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary Rose Sweeney
- School of Nursing, Psychotherapy and Community Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patrick Wall
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aoife De Brún
- UCD Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, Education, and Innovation in Health Systems (UCD IRIS), School of Nursing, Midwifery & Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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26
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Saeedi M, Abedini Z, Taleb S. Stress coping strategies of Iranian healthcare staff during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17178. [PMID: 37325457 PMCID: PMC10257513 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed healthcare staff to mental distress. Given the importance of applying effective strategies to cope with stress caused by COVID-19, this study aimed to assess the stress-coping strategies of Iranian healthcare providers. This cross-sectional study was performed through a web-based survey. Data collection was done online using a demographic data questionnaire and the short form of Endler and Parker's coping inventory. The mean scores of task-oriented strategies (27.06 ± 5.13) were higher than avoidance-oriented (19.42 ± 5.77) and emotion-oriented strategies (18.45 ± 5.76), and the healthcare workers mainly used task-oriented styles to cope with COVID-19-related stress. There was a significant difference between the score of task-oriented strategy in terms of age groups (P < 0.001), work experience (P = 0.018), level of education (P < 0.001), having children (P = 0.002), and type of hospital (P = 0.028). The score of task-oriented strategies was lower in employees who were in the age group of 20-30 years and had less than 10 years of work experience, and it was higher in employees who had children, worked in private hospitals, and had a master's degree or higher. The score of emotion-oriented strategies in the age group of 51-60 years was significantly lower than other age groups (P < 0.01) and was significantly higher in employees with a bachelor's degree than those with a master's degree or higher (P = 0.017). There was no significant difference between the scores of avoidance-oriented strategies and any socio-demographic variables. According to the findings of this study, young and less experienced employees were more inclined to utilize emotion-oriented coping styles. Therefore, considering appropriate training programs for these employees to apply effective coping strategies is extremely important.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zahra Abedini
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Sahar Taleb
- Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
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27
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Beier ME, Cockerham M, Branson S, Boss L. Aging and Burnout for Nurses in an Acute Care Setting: The First Wave of COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20085565. [PMID: 37107847 PMCID: PMC10138881 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20085565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We examined the relationship between age, coping, and burnout during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic with nurses in Texas (N = 376). Nurses were recruited through a professional association and snowball sampling methodology for the cross-sectional survey study. Framed in lifespan development theories, we expected that nurse age and experience would be positively correlated with positive coping strategies (e.g., getting emotional support from others) and negatively correlated with negative coping strategies (e.g., drinking and drug use). We also expected age to be negatively related to the emotional exhaustion and depersonalization facets of burnout and positively related to the personal accomplishment facet of burnout. Findings were largely supported in that age was positively associated with positive coping and personal accomplishment and age and experience were negatively correlated with negative coping and depersonalization. Age was not, however, associated with emotional exhaustion. Mediation models further suggest that coping explains some of the effect of age on burnout. A theoretical extension of lifespan development models into an extreme environment and practical implications for coping in these environments are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret E. Beier
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Mona Cockerham
- School of Nursing, Sam Houston State University, The Woodlands, TX 77380, USA
| | - Sandy Branson
- Cizik School of Nursing, The University of Texas Health Science Center, UT-Health, Houston, TX 77355, USA
| | - Lisa Boss
- School of Nursing, Tarleton State University, Fort Worth, TX 76402, USA
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28
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Álvarez MA, Pinto NS. Experiential COVID-19 factors predicting resilience among Spanish adults. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:118. [PMID: 37069701 PMCID: PMC10108776 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01131-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pandemic caused by COVID-19 has meant for spanish citizens a constant adaptation to health measures in order to try to stop transmission of the virus. During this adaptation process, different psychosocial aspects have caused consequences for people?s mental health to a greater or lesser extent. Makes sense of an emotional torrent who has gone through fear, anxiety, loneliness and anger. The interaction between perception and reality has given rise to situations where loneliness and social isolation have been imposed and lived with a load of emotional discomfort. In others, social isolation and measures to stop the pandemic have been accepted as a protection system and has been experienced since serenity and the feeling of self-protection fostering individual resilience. Studying the predictors of resilience is going to be key since it is the ideal antidote to stop the appearance of mental disorders associated with the pandemic (such as depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, social phobia, cleaning obsessions, and generalized anxiety disorder). The objective of this research is to analyze the relationship between resilience and experiential COVID-19 factors. METHODS Sample was comprised of Spanish adults (n = 1000; age 18-79 [mean =40.43],793 female, 201 male, and 2 non binary sex). These people participating in an online study focused on the impact of COVID-19 experiences. The research has been cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational design. The instrument created for this research was a specific online questionnaire, including the "Scale of resilience" (RS, Wagnild & Young, 1993, Spanish version, Sánchez-Teruel, et al., 2015). That questionnaire has been administered during the months of April 2022 to July 2022. RESULTS The results obtained show how people who have been able to face the pandemic in a responsive and adaptive way have high resilience. Specifically, those participants that accepting the use of masks, vaccinations and confinement obtained high resilience. CONCLUSIONS Using public funding and allocating research to the development of programs to promote resilience, adaptative beliefs and prosocial behaviors becomes basic to live in a world in constant change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Alcolea Álvarez
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Campus de la Fábrica de Armas. Av. de Carlos III, s/n, Toledo, 45071, Spain.
| | - Natalia Solano Pinto
- Department of Psychology, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Campus de la Fábrica de Armas. Av. de Carlos III, s/n, Toledo, 45071, Spain
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29
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Cloconi C, Economou M, Charalambous A. Burnout, coping and resilience of the cancer care workforce during the SARS-CoV-2: A multinational cross-sectional study. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2023; 63:102204. [PMID: 36821886 PMCID: PMC9578328 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2022.102204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Over the past year, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has significantly increased the demand placed on health care professionals around the world. The already complex cancer care has been complicated further by the restructuring of services (e.g., working processes, treatment allocation). This study was designed to explore the level of burnout, coping and resilience of the cancer care workforce during SARS-CoV-2. METHODS Cross-sectional, multinational study undertaken between March-May 2021. In total 271 healthcare professionals were recruited in the study. These were specialized and/or working in the oncology sector from around the globe. Data were collected with an online survey with the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Brief-COPE (Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced) Scale and The Maslach 's Burnout Inventory. RESULTS The majority of the participants were cancer nurses followed by oncologists. The mean overall Burnout score was 64.86 (SD 17.15), the overall COPE score was 31.72 (SD 12.39) and the overall Resilience score was 69.48 (SD 12.4). Positive correlations were found between the COPE dimensions and the burnout overall score (0.316, 0.388, 0.398). The burnout overall score was negatively correlated with the resilience score (p -0.126). CONCLUSION The findings showed significand levels of burnout, diminished coping abilities and reduced resilience among cancer care professionals. This study emphasizes the need for a timely and appropriate preparation of the healthcare systems to better support cancer care professionals in the event of a new SARS-CoV-2 healthcare emergency.
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30
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Kukulskienė M, Argustaitė-Zailskienė G, Griciūtė A, Miglinė V, Kubilienė L, Žemaitienė N. Significance of organizational health features during the COVID-19 pandemic for the well-being of Lithuanian healthcare workers. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1136762. [PMID: 37008877 PMCID: PMC10061304 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1136762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
SummaryDuring various emergencies, especially pandemics, there is a heavy burden on healthcare workers and pharmacists. Organizational support plays a significant role in protecting their mental health. Though the study aimed analyze the subjectively perceived difficulties and challenges of healthcare workers related to organizing work in the context of a pandemic.MethodsTwenty seven subjects (20 women, 7 men) participated in the qualitative research 30–45 min. Duration semi-structured interviews were performed, and thematic data analysis was applied.ResultsDuring the first wave of the COVD-19 pandemic, research participants experienced an avalanche of change in all significant areas of life: experienced general overall uncertainty, confusion in working order, and intense changes in work functions, responsibilities, and workload. These changes reduced the scope for control and predictability, there was a lack of structure and clarity. The avalanche of change caused by the COVID-19 pandemic provoked a strong and controversial emotional response. The contradiction was revealed between helplessness, disruption, loss of control experienced by staff and the internal and external pressure to adapt as quickly as possible to the functions of caregivers. The threats posed by the pandemic reinforced the need for active and engaged leadership and highlighted the key features of an employee supporting organization.ConclusionSurviving the avalanche of change caused by the pandemic, healthcare workers and pharmacists emphasized the importance of management decisions about managing patient and employee health threats, clear work organization, active and inclusive leadership, change planning, and organizational concern for employee sustainability and emotional well-being. Regular, systematic, clear and understandable, timely, open and sincere, uncontroversial, and consistent communication of administration provides security for employees and can contribute to better physical and psychological well-being of employees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milda Kukulskienė
- Department of Health Psychology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- *Correspondence: Milda Kukulskienė,
| | | | - Aušra Griciūtė
- Department of Health Psychology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vilma Miglinė
- Department of Health Psychology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Loreta Kubilienė
- Department of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Nida Žemaitienė
- Department of Health Psychology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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31
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Caro-Alonso PÁ, Rodríguez-Martín B, Rodríguez-Almagro J, Chimpén-López C, Romero-Blanco C, Casado Naranjo I, Hernández-Martínez A, López-Espuela F. Nurses' Perceptions of Ethical Conflicts When Caring for Patients with COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4763. [PMID: 36981671 PMCID: PMC10048656 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused ethical challenges and dilemmas in care decisions colliding with nurses' ethical values. This study sought to understand the perceptions and ethical conflicts faced by nurses working on the frontline during the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic and the main coping strategies. A qualitative phenomenological study was carried out following Giorgi's descriptive phenomenological approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews until data saturation. The theoretical sample included 14 nurses from inpatient and intensive care units during the first and second waves of the pandemic. An interview script was used to guide the interviews. Data were analyzed following Giorgi's phenomenological method using Atlas-Ti software. Two themes were identified: (1) ethical conflicts on a personal and professional level; and (2) coping strategies (active and autonomous learning, peer support and teamwork, catharsis, focusing on care, accepting the pandemic as just another work situation, forgetting the bad situations, valuing the positive reinforcement, and humanizing the situation). The strong professional commitment, teamwork, humanization of care, and continuous education have helped nurses to deal with ethical conflicts. It is necessary to address ethical conflicts and provide psychological and emotional support for nurses who have experienced personal and professional ethical conflicts during COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Ángel Caro-Alonso
- Health Service of Castilla-La Mancha, Integrated Care Management of Talavera de la Reina (Toledo), 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain
| | - Beatriz Rodríguez-Martín
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avd/Real Fábrica de Sedas s/n, 45660 Talavera de la Reina, Spain
| | - Julián Rodríguez-Almagro
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Nursing, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avd/ Camilo José Cela s/n, 13071 Cuidad Real, Spain
| | - Carlos Chimpén-López
- Department of Medical-Surgical Therapy, Psychiatry Area, Faculty of Nursing and Occupational Therapy, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
| | - Cristina Romero-Blanco
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Nursing, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avd/ Camilo José Cela s/n, 13071 Cuidad Real, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Hernández-Martínez
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Nursing, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avd/ Camilo José Cela s/n, 13071 Cuidad Real, Spain
| | - Fidel López-Espuela
- Metabolic Bone Diseases Research Group, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Occupational Therapy, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
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Ebrahimi A, Khorasani P, Ahmadi M, Andalib S, Mousavi SMH. The Safe Coping Strategy of Nurses Working in the Care Units of Patients with COVID-19: A Qualitative Study. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY RESEARCH 2023; 28:214-219. [PMID: 37332374 PMCID: PMC10275468 DOI: 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_138_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Background Nurses are in direct contact with patients with COVID-19 and have faced much tension with the rapid spread of coronavirus. This study aimed to explore the safe coping strategies of nurses when facing the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods In this qualitative study, data were collected from September 20 to December 20, 2020, in Isfahan (Iran) through individual semi-structured interviews with 12 nurses working in the five referral centers for patients with COVID-19. Informants were selected via purposeful sampling and interviewed in one or several sessions at the appropriate time and place. The interviews continued until data saturation. All interviews continued until no new data were added to the continuous content analysis. Data analysis was performed using conventional content analysis based on Graneheim and Lundman's approach. We used Guba and Lincoln's criteria (including credibility, transferability, conformability, and dependability) to guarantee trustworthiness and rigor. Results Safe coping strategies for nurses were discovered in two categories of "wise liberation" and "care," and six subcategories. "Wise liberation" consisted of four subcategories: "living in the moment," "accepting the inner and outer world," "life enrichment," and "building opportunities." "Care" contained two subcategories: "caring for others" and "caring for oneself." Conclusions Discovering safe coping strategies for nurses could set the stage for special educational-therapeutic interventions so they can better understand their experiences and take advantage of the best coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrollah Ebrahimi
- Associate Professor, Department of Health Psychology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan
| | - Parvaneh Khorasani
- PhD in Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Department of Community Health and Geriatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan
| | - Mahnaz Ahmadi
- PhD Candidate in Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Isfahan University, Isfahan
| | - Sima Andalib
- PhD in Psychology Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch, Tehran(Esfahan), Isfahan
| | - Seyed Mohamad Hossein Mousavi
- MSc in Health Psychology, Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Primi C, Giuli M, Baroni E, Zurkirch V, Galanti M, Belloni L, Gori C, Donati MA. The Individual- and Organization-Related Stressors in Pandemic Scale for Healthcare Workers (IOSPS-HW): Development and Psychometric Properties of a New Instrument to Assess Individual and Organizational Stress Factors in Periods of Pandemics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4082. [PMID: 36901094 PMCID: PMC10002142 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The validation and psychometric properties of the Individual and Organization related Stressors in Pandemic Scale for Healthcare Workers (IOSPS-HW) were presented. This is a new measure to assess individual factors related to the health and well-being of individuals, such as family and personal relationships, as well as organizational factors related to the management of the pandemic, including workplace relationships, job management and communication. Across two studies conducted at different time points of the pandemic, psychometric evidence of the IOSPS-HW is presented. In Study 1, through a cross-sectional design, we conducted exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis through which the originally developed 43 items scale was reduced to a 20-item bidimensional scale with two correlated dimensions: Organization-related Stressors (O-S; 12 items) and Individual- and Health-related Stressors (IH-S; 8 items). Internal consistency and criterion validity were also provided by investigating the relationship with post-traumatic stress. In Study 2, we provided evidence for the temporal invariance of the measure and for temporal stability through a Multigroup-CFA through a longitudinal design. We also supported the criterion and predictive validity. The results suggest that IOSPS-HW is a good instrument to simultaneously investigating individual and organizational factors related to sanitary emergencies in healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Primi
- NEUROFARBA (Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health) Department, University of Florence, 50139 Firenze, Italy
| | - Monica Giuli
- Clinical Operating Unit of the Organizations, Careggi University Hospital, Regional Reference Center on Relational Criticalities (RCRC), 50141 Florence, Italy
| | - Emanuele Baroni
- Clinical Operating Unit of the Organizations, Careggi University Hospital, Regional Reference Center on Relational Criticalities (RCRC), 50141 Florence, Italy
| | - Vanessa Zurkirch
- Clinical Operating Unit of the Organizations, Careggi University Hospital, Regional Reference Center on Relational Criticalities (RCRC), 50141 Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Galanti
- Clinical Operating Unit of the Organizations, Careggi University Hospital, Regional Reference Center on Relational Criticalities (RCRC), 50141 Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Belloni
- Clinical Operating Unit of the Organizations, Careggi University Hospital, Regional Reference Center on Relational Criticalities (RCRC), 50141 Florence, Italy
| | - Costanza Gori
- NEUROFARBA (Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health) Department, University of Florence, 50139 Firenze, Italy
| | - Maria Anna Donati
- NEUROFARBA (Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health) Department, University of Florence, 50139 Firenze, Italy
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Sackey JD, Sullivan J, Brody R, Touger-Decker R. Factors Associated with Food Insecurity Among Health Sciences Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JOURNAL OF HUNGER & ENVIRONMENTAL NUTRITION 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/19320248.2023.2174826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Dzidzor Sackey
- Department of Clinical and Preventive Nutrition Sciences, Rutgers University School of Health Professions, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Jessie Sullivan
- Department of Clinical and Preventive Nutrition Sciences, Rutgers University School of Health Professions, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Rebecca Brody
- Department of Clinical and Preventive Nutrition Sciences, Rutgers University School of Health Professions, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Riva Touger-Decker
- Associate Dean of Global Affairs, Rutgers University School of Health Professions, Newark, NJ, USA
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Donato S, Brugnera A, Adorni R, Molgora S, Reverberi E, Manzi C, Angeli M, Bagirova A, Benet-Martinez V, Camilleri L, Camilleri-Cassar F, Kazasi EH, Meil G, Symeonaki M, Aksu A, Batthyany K, Brazienė R, Genta N, Masselot A, Morrissey S. Workers' individual and dyadic coping with the COVID-19 health emergency: A cross cultural study. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND PERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS 2023; 40:551-575. [PMID: 38603320 PMCID: PMC9482883 DOI: 10.1177/02654075221119066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine workers' psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic as a function of their individual coping, dyadic coping, and work-family conflict. We also tested the moderating role of gender and culture in these associations. To achieve this aim, we run HLM analyses on data from 1521 workers cohabiting with a partner, coming from six countries (Italy, Spain, Malta, Cyprus, Greece, and Russia) characterized by various degrees of country-level individualism/collectivism. Across all six countries, findings highlighted that work-family conflict as well as the individual coping strategy social support seeking were associated with higher psychological distress for workers, while the individual coping strategy positive attitude and common dyadic coping were found to be protective against workers' psychological distress. This latter association, moreover, was stronger in more individualistic countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Donato
- Family Studies and Research University Centre, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Agostino Brugnera
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, Università degli Studi di Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Roberta Adorni
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Molgora
- Family Studies and Research University Centre, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Reverberi
- Family Studies and Research University Centre, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Manzi
- Family Studies and Research University Centre, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Angeli
- Mediterranean Institute of Gender Studies, University of Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Anna Bagirova
- Department of Sociology and Public Administration Technologies, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation
| | - Veronica Benet-Martinez
- Department of Political and Social Sciences, ICREA & Universidad Pompeu-Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Liberato Camilleri
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | | | - Evi Hatzivarnava Kazasi
- Center for Gender Studies, Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences, Athens, Greece
| | - Gerardo Meil
- Department of Sociology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Symeonaki
- Department of Social Policy, Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences, Athens, Greece
| | - Ayça Aksu
- Department of Psychology, MEF University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Karina Batthyany
- Department of Sociology, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ruta Brazienė
- Department of Social Policy, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Natalia Genta
- Department of Sociology, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Annick Masselot
- Faculty of Law, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Suzy Morrissey
- Public Policy Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Pankowski D, Wytrychiewicz-Pankowska K. Turning to Religion During COVID-19 (Part II): A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis and Meta-regression of Studies on the Relationship between Religious Coping and Mental Health throughout COVID-19. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2023; 62:544-584. [PMID: 36595190 PMCID: PMC9808764 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01720-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and the many associated socio-economic changes constitute a stressful event that required adaptation to new, dynamic, and often threatening conditions. According to the literature, coping strategies are one of the factors that determine a person's degree of adaptation to stressful situations. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed on the relationship between religious coping and selected indicators of mental health. Due to the large amount of data, this work has been divided into two parts: Part I discussed the positive mental health indicators (Pankowski & Wytrychiewicz-Pankowska, 2023), while this Part II discusses negative mental health indicators. A systematic review of the databases of Science Direct, EBSCO, Cochrane, PubMed, and Google Scholar identified 33 articles related to the severity of depressive symptoms: 30 to anxiety, 23 to stress, 1 related to PTSD symptoms and peritraumatic stress, and 5 related to general negative mental health. The limitations of the research as well as further directions for exploration are discussed.Clinical trial registration This Review was pre-registered at OSF: osf.io/54ygr ( https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/GMNFV ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pankowski
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Stawki 5/7, 00-183 Warsaw, Poland
- University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Huang LL, Chung HC, Huang LL, Cheng SY, Lin CH, Yeh TF. Mental Health of Healthcare Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic in Taiwan: The First Wave Outbreak Occurred 1 Year Later Than in Other Countries. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2623. [PMID: 36767988 PMCID: PMC9914955 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We probed the psychological influence exerted on traumatic stress endured by healthcare workers (HCWs) and the coping behaviors adopted during the first wave of COVID-19 in Taiwan, which occurred one year later than in other countries. Clinical HCWs from two branches of a hospital network in Taichung, Taiwan, were recruited for this cross-sectional study. The participants were administered a questionnaire on sociodemographic and work-related characteristics, perceived influence exerted by COVID-19, coping behaviors in relation to COVID-19, and Impact of Event Scale-Revised scores. We obtained 769 valid questionnaires. A chi-square test, generalized linear modeling, and multivariate stepwise regression analyses were performed. Although the first wave of COVID-19 occurred one year later in Taiwan than in other countries, the traumatic stress experienced by Taiwanese HCWs was noted to be comparable to that of those in other countries. Factors for increased traumatic stress included caring for more patients with COVID-19, fair or poor self-rated mental health, higher perceived influence of COVID-19, vulnerable household income, and more negative coping behaviors. Positive coping behaviors such as exposure reduction and protection measures decreased traumatic stress. Accordingly, managers should strengthen protective measures, enhance COVID-19-related training, and provide psychological support and counseling for high-risk employees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee-Ling Huang
- Department of Nursing, Cheng Ching General Hospital, Taichung 400620, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Cheng Chung
- Administration Center, Cheng Ching General Hospital, Taichung 400620, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ling Huang
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 406053, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yuan Cheng
- Department of Nursing, Cheng Ching General Hospital, Taichung 400620, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Hsiung Lin
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 406053, Taiwan
| | - Te-Feng Yeh
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 406053, Taiwan
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Pankowski D, Wytrychiewicz-Pankowska K. Turning to Religion During COVID-19 (Part I): A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis and Meta-regression of Studies on the Relationship Between Religious Coping and Mental Health Throughout COVID-19. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2023; 62:510-543. [PMID: 36592322 PMCID: PMC9807105 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01703-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and the many associated socio-economic changes constitute a stressful event that required adaptation to new, dynamic, and often threatening conditions. According to the literature, coping strategies are one of the factors that determine a person's degree of adaptation to stressful situations. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed on the relationship between religious coping and selected indicators of mental health. Due to the large amount of data, this work has been divided into two parts: this first part discusses positive mental health indicators, while the second discusses negative mental health indicators (Pankowski & Wytrychiewicz-Pankowska, 2023). A systematic review of PubMed, Science Direct, the Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, and Google Scholar databases was carried out. In addition to the synthesis of information obtained from the research, a meta-analysis of correlation was also performed to determine the strengths of the relationships between the analysed variables, and selected moderators were assessed using meta-regression. Quality of life, well-being, satisfaction with life, happiness, and post-traumatic growth were the positive mental health indicators considered. Meta-analyses indicated a statistically significant relationship between positive religious coping and flourishing (well-being) with overall correlation values of 0.35 [0.30; 0.40]. Further calculations also indicated a relationship between negative religious coping and flourishing - 0.25 [- 0.34; - 0.15]. Data synthesis shows associations between religious coping and such indicators as satisfaction with life and post-traumatic growth, but these issues require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pankowski
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Stawki 5/7, 00-183 Warsaw, Poland
- University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Karram M, D’Alessandro-Lowe AM, Ritchie K, Brown A, Xue Y, Pichtikova M, Altman M, Beech I, Millman H, Hosseiny F, Rodrigues S, Heber A, O’Connor C, Schielke H, Malain A, Lanius RA, McCabe RE, McKinnon MC. A Qualitative Approach to Understanding Canadian Healthcare Workers' Use of Coping Strategies during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2551. [PMID: 36767913 PMCID: PMC9915458 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers (HCWs) have been exposed to highly stressful situations, including increased workloads and exposure to mortality, thus posing a risk for adverse psychological outcomes, including acute stress, moral injury, and depression or anxiety symptoms. Although several reports have sought to identify the types of coping strategies used by HCWs over the course of the pandemic (e.g., physical activity, religion/spirituality, meditation, and alcohol), it remains unclear which factors may influence HCWs' choice of these coping strategies. Accordingly, using a qualitative approach, the purpose of the present study was to gain a deeper understanding of the factors influencing HCWs' choice of coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. Fifty-one HCWs participated in virtual, semi-structured interviews between February and June 2021. Interview transcripts were analysed through an inductive thematic approach, yielding two primary themes. First, HCWs described an ongoing shift in their approach to coping depending on their mental "bandwidth", ranging from "quick fix" to more "intentional effort" strategies to engage in proactive strategies to improve mental health. Second, many HCWs identified various barriers to desired coping strategies during the pandemic, including the preponderance of pandemic- and other circumstantial-related barriers. The findings from this study offer a unique understanding of the factors influencing HCWs' choice of coping strategies under novel and increased stress. This knowledge will be central to developing appropriate forms of support and resources to equip HCWs throughout and after the pandemic period, and in mitigating the potential adverse mental health impacts of this period of prolonged stress and potential trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauda Karram
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L9C 0E3, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L6, Canada
| | | | - Kimberly Ritchie
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L9C 0E3, Canada
- Homewood Research Institute, Guelph, ON N1E 6K9, Canada
- Trent/Fleming School of Nursing, Trent University, Peterborough, ON K9L 0G2, Canada
| | - Andrea Brown
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L9C 0E3, Canada
| | - Yuanxin Xue
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L9C 0E3, Canada
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Mina Pichtikova
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L9C 0E3, Canada
- Department of Applied Psychology and Human Development, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1V6, Canada
| | - Maxwell Altman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L9C 0E3, Canada
| | - Isaac Beech
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L9C 0E3, Canada
- Homewood Research Institute, Guelph, ON N1E 6K9, Canada
| | - Heather Millman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L9C 0E3, Canada
| | - Fardous Hosseiny
- Atlas Institute for Veterans and Families, Ottawa, ON K1Z 7K4, Canada
- Institute of Mental Health Research at the Royal, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1Z 7K4, Canada
| | - Sara Rodrigues
- Atlas Institute for Veterans and Families, Ottawa, ON K1Z 7K4, Canada
- Institute of Mental Health Research at the Royal, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1Z 7K4, Canada
| | - Alexandra Heber
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L9C 0E3, Canada
- Veteran’s Affairs Canada, Ottawa, ON K1H 1A1, Canada
| | | | | | - Ann Malain
- Homewood Health Centre, Guelph, ON N1E 6K9, Canada
| | - Ruth A. Lanius
- Homewood Research Institute, Guelph, ON N1E 6K9, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6C 2R5, Canada
| | - Randi E. McCabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L9C 0E3, Canada
- St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Margaret C. McKinnon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L9C 0E3, Canada
- Homewood Research Institute, Guelph, ON N1E 6K9, Canada
- St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
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Mahlangu P, Sikweyiya Y, Gibbs A, Shai N, Machisa M. "I Carry the Trauma and Can Vividly Remember": Mental Health Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Frontline Health Care Workers in South Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2365. [PMID: 36767735 PMCID: PMC9914980 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We know from research that pandemics and disease outbreaks expose HCWs to an increased risk of short and long-term psychosocial and occupational impacts. We conducted qualitative research among 44 frontline health care workers (FHCWs) practicing in seven South African hospitals and clinics. FHCWs were interviewed on their experiences of working during the first-wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and its perceived impact on their wellness. In this study, FHCWs included the non-medical and medical professionals in direct contact with COVID-19 patients, providing health care and treatment services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Most of the FHCWs reported stressful and traumatic experiences relating to being exposed to a deadly virus and working in an emotionally taxing environment. They reported depression, anxiety, traumatic stress symptoms, demoralization, sleep difficulties, poor functioning, increased irritability and fear of being infected or dying from COVID-19. The mental health impacts of COVID-19 on HCWs were also associated with increased poor physical wellbeing, including fatigue, burnout, headache, and chest-pains. FHCWs reported professional commitment and their faith as critical intrinsic motivators that fostered adaptive coping while working on the frontline during the first-wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Many alluded to gaps in workplace psychosocial support which they perceived as crucial for coping mentally. The findings point to a need to prioritize interventions to promote mental wellness among FHCWs to ensure the delivery of quality healthcare to patients during pandemics or deadly disease outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinky Mahlangu
- Gender and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Yandisa Sikweyiya
- Gender and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Andrew Gibbs
- Gender and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX2 4QG, UK
- Institute of Global Health, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Centre for Rural Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Nwabisa Shai
- Gender and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Mercilene Machisa
- Gender and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
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Sacgaca L, Gonzales A, Alkubati S, Alrashidi N, Alreshidi MS, Pasay-an E, Hernandez JP, Alboliteeh M, Ramadan MY, Al Onezei AK, Lim-Lagura GA, Mostoles R, Saguban R. The Impact of Mental Well-Being, Stress, and Coping Strategies on Resilience among Staff Nurses during COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia: A Structural Equational Model. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11030368. [PMID: 36766943 PMCID: PMC9913963 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11030368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have revealed various factors related to nurses' resilience and predictors of resilience. However, there are no studies analysing the association of three variables-mental well-being, coping strategies, and stress-with resilience. This study aims to assess the impact of mental well-being, levels of stress, and coping strategies on resilience using path analysis. This study used a cross-sectional approach that involved 763 nurses from 16 major hospitals in the eastern and northern regions of Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data gathering was conducted from August to November 2022. The staff nurses possessed positive mental wellness (3.75 ± 1.08), moderate stress levels (3.06 ± 1.21), adequate coping skills (3.33 ± 1.23), and a low level of resilience (2.90 ± 1.040). Age had a small effect on resilience (β = 0.040; p < 0.001) but work experience (β = -0.019; p > 0.139) and marital status (β = 0.019; p > 0.072) were not significant. Conversely, mental well-being (β = 0.043; p < 0.001) and stress (β = -0.089; p < 0.001) had a small effect on resilience, but coping strategies (β = 0.561; p < 0.001) had a large effect on resilience. Therefore, coping strategies must be reinforced at all times to assist nurses and other healthcare professionals in identifying contributing elements that maintain these workers' resilience in the face of unforeseen and protracted pandemics and other life events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lailani Sacgaca
- Department of Nursing, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran 31932, Saudi Arabia
| | - Analita Gonzales
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer Alkubati
- College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail 81491, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hodeida University, Al-Hudaydah P.O. Box 3114, Yemen
| | - Nojoud Alrashidi
- College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail 81491, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | - Magda Yousif Ramadan
- Department of Nursing, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran 31932, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ameera Khaled Al Onezei
- Department of Nursing, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran 31932, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Romeo Mostoles
- College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail 81491, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | - Reynita Saguban
- College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail 81491, Saudi Arabia
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Teh BLS, Ang JK, Koh EBY, Pang NTP. Psychological Resilience and Coping Strategies with Anxiety among Malaysian Medical Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20031894. [PMID: 36767260 PMCID: PMC9914482 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) swept the world by storm and caused a myriad of devastating consequences, particularly disruptions in medical education. This study aims to examine the association between sociodemographic factors, psychological factors, coping strategies and anxiety among medical students, as well as to identify the predictors of anxiety among them. A cross-sectional study design was used. Self-rated Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Scale (Brief COPE), and General Anxiety Disorder-7 Scale (GAD-7) were used. A total of 371 respondents from a tertiary education center were recruited. The prevalence of anxiety was 37% which corresponded to 21.6% and 15.4% for moderate and severe anxiety, respectively. Sociodemographic factors such as age group and academic year were significantly associated with anxiety, while those with higher self-esteem (rs = -0.487), self-competence (rs = -0.407), self-liking (rs = -0.499), and self-efficacy (rs = -0.245) had lower anxiety. Inversely, those who adopted emotion-focused (rs = 0.130) and dysfunctional coping styles (rs = 0.559) showed higher anxiety. The main predictors of anxiety were self-liking as a protective factor (aOR = 0.81) and dysfunctional coping as a risk factor (aOR = 1.16). Therefore, resilience building and inculcating positive coping strategies are imperative in equipping our budding healthcare providers to weather through future unforeseeable disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bentham Liang Sen Teh
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Jin Kiat Ang
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Eugene Boon Yau Koh
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia
| | - Nicholas Tze Ping Pang
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia
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Gu L, Chang J, Wang J, Feng P, Xu H. Stress load of Chinese nurses in Fangcang Shelter Hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic: A latent profile analysis. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1048358. [PMID: 36703822 PMCID: PMC9873243 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1048358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The Omicron wave of the COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected Shanghai, China, from March to June 2022. Numbers of Fangcang Shelter Hospitals (FSHs) were conversed from stadiums and exhibition centers to tackle the pandemic. This study aimed to identify the stress load profiles of nurses working in FSHs and explore the characteristics and factors influencing stress load profiles. Totally, 609 out of 700 FSH nurses (with an effective response rate of 87%) participated in an online survey investigating their socio-demographic information, work-related stressors, and stress load. Results of the latent profile analysis identified four classes of stress load, which were labeled as the low (Class 1), mild (Class 2), moderate (Class 3), and high (Class 4) stress load class. Maternity status and self-perceived health condition were significantly different between the four stress load classes by comparisons using the Chi-square test and the Kruskal-Wallis test. The contributors to the stress load profiles were determined by the multinomial logistic regression analysis, including age, education, maternity status, self-perceived health condition, working time in FSHs, and the four dimensions of work-related stressors. Participants who were less healthy (OR = 0.045, 95% CI:0.012,0.171), worked longer time in FSHs (OR = 40.483, 95% CI: 12.103,135.410), faced with more workload (OR = 3.664, 95% CI: 1.047,12.815), and worse working environment (OR = 12.274, 95% CI: 3.029,49.729) were more likely to be classified to the high stress load class. The task arrangement and working environment for FSH nurses should be optimized, and psychological training should be conducted routinely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Gu
- Department of Neurology, 905th Hospital of the PLA Navy, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Chang
- Nursing Department, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Jian Chang ✉
| | - Ji Wang
- Nursing Department, 905th Hospital of the PLA Navy, Shanghai, China,Ji Wang ✉
| | - Ping Feng
- Nursing Department, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Shaik P, Halder N, Thota S, Nachu S, Bhavani V, M. Pavani N. Psychological impact of COVID-19 on health-care workers in southern India. ANNALS OF INDIAN PSYCHIATRY 2023. [DOI: 10.4103/aip.aip_126_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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Gundogan S. The Relationship of COVID-19 Student Stress with School Burnout, Depression and Subjective Well-Being: Adaptation of the COVID-19 Student Stress Scale into Turkish. THE ASIA-PACIFIC EDUCATION RESEARCHER 2023; 32. [PMCID: PMC8760107 DOI: 10.1007/s40299-021-00641-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has caused psychological problems in all age groups since it emerged from the first day. One of the most important groups has been affected negatively during the COVID-19 pandemic process are university students. One of the negative situations caused by the pandemic process in university students is student stress caused by COVID-19. To assess stress situations in Italian culture, the COVID-19 student stress scale (CSS-S) has been developed. In this context, the aim of this study was to adapt the CSS-S into Turkish. Another aim of the study was to investigate the direct and indirect relationships of COVID-19 student stress with school burnout, depression and subjective well-being. The participants of the study were 485 Turkish university students. The values obtained with the confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the factor structure of CSS-S is satisfying (χ2/df = 2.99, AGFI = .95, TLI = .93, CFI = .96, IFI = .96, REMSEA = .06, SRMR = .04). Moreover, it was found that school burnout has a mediating role in the relationship between COVID-19 student stress and depression and subjective well-being (χstructure of CSS-S is satisfying/df = 2.41, AGFI = .87, TLI = .91, CFI = .91, IFI = .91, REMSEA = .05, SRMR = .05). These findings imply that psychosocial intervention studies to reduce COVID-19 student stress can reduce students' school burnout and depression. It also implies that these psychosocial intervention studies can have a positive impact on students' subjective well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selim Gundogan
- Department of Guidance and Psychological Counselling, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey
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Scuotto C, Ilardi CR, Maggi G, Ilardi A, Gamboz N, Staiano M, Borrelli G, La Marra M, Perrella R. What makes us more susceptible to false memories in the era of COVID-19? A focus on vaccines and Green Pass. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e2815. [PMID: 36448933 PMCID: PMC9847604 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was accompanied by an overabundance of fake news increasing the risk of developing false memories (FMs). Previous studies have shown that the relationship between fake news and FMs could be mediated by some individual variables, including attitudinal biases. We explored the role of these variables in true memories (TMs) and FMs formation, with special emphasis on vaccine- and Green Pass (GP)-related topics. METHOD We set up a large online survey exploring several constructs including media usage, attitude toward vaccines and GP, perceived (PK) and objective knowledge (OK) about COVID-19-related information, fear of the disease, depression and anxiety symptoms, coping mechanisms, and reasoning skills. Then, we asked participants whether they remembered certain news (true or fake), providing confidence ratings. RESULTS Data from 289 respondents (198 females) from the general population were analyzed. Participants with positive attitude reported a greater fear that their loved ones contracted the COVID-19, a more frequent use of traditional media, and a higher PK when compared with respondents with negative attitude. On the whole sample, participants reported higher confidence levels when required to judge their memory of true than fake news; however, participants with positive attitude reported a higher confidence for both true and fake news. The relationship between attitude and TM confidence was mediated by the PK, whereas the relationship between attitude and FM confidence was probably affected by OK. CONCLUSION Attitude can modulate individual behaviors in the context of health issues. The PK and OK may interact with attitude in the memory formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Scuotto
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Ciro Rosario Ilardi
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Gianpaolo Maggi
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Alfonso Ilardi
- Inmates Ward, Department of Internal Medicine, Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Nadia Gamboz
- Laboratory of Experimental Psychology, Suor Orsola Benincasa University, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Staiano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Borrelli
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Marco La Marra
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaella Perrella
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
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Ali H, Fatemi Y, Hamasha M, Modi S. The Cost of Frontline Nursing: Investigating Perception of Compensation Inadequacy During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Multidiscip Healthc 2023; 16:1311-1326. [PMID: 37193114 PMCID: PMC10183180 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s402761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nursing professionals experienced greater levels of stress and burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic. Studies examining stress and burnout have found a relationship between compensation and burnout. However, further studies are needed to examine the relationship between the mediating effects of supervisor and community support and coping strategies and the effects of burnout on compensation. Objective The purpose of this study is to build on previous burnout research by examining the mediation effects of supervisor and community support and coping strategies on the relationship between sources of stress and burnout on feelings of compensation inadequacy, or the desire for more compensation. Methods Using Qualtrics survey responses from 232 nurses, this study used correlation testing and mediation analyses of indirect, direct, and total effects to explore the relationships between critical factors influencing stress, burnout, nurses' use of coping skills, and the perception of supervisor and community support on perceived compensation inadequacy. Results This study found that the support domain has a significant and positive direct effect on compensation, with supervisor support increasing the desire for additional compensation. Support was also found to have a significant and positive indirect effect and a significant and positive total effect on the desire for additional compensation. This study's results also found that coping strategies had a significant, direct positive effect on the desire for additional compensation. While problem solving and avoidance increased the desire for additional compensation, transference had no significant relationship. Conclusion This study found evidence of the mediation effect of coping strategies on the relationship between burnout and compensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneen Ali
- Health Services Administration Program, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
- Correspondence: Haneen Ali, Health Services Administration Program, Auburn University, 351 W Thach Concourse, 7080 Haley Center, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA, Email
| | - Yasin Fatemi
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Mohammad Hamasha
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Shikha Modi
- Health Services Administration Program, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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Tang Y, Shao Y, He T, Wang Y, Hinshaw SP, Lin X. Latent profiles of adolescents' relationships with parents and siblings: Associations with emotional and behavioral responses during the COVID-19 pandemic. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-12. [PMID: 36540694 PMCID: PMC9756743 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03959-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to identify the latent profiles of Chinese adolescents' family (parent-adolescent and sibling) relationships prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as associations between those profiles and adolescents' emotional and behavioral responses. A total of 2,305 adolescents from China aged between 10 and 18 years completed measures of parent-adolescent relationships, sibling relationships, and emotional and behavioral responses during the pandemic. Four profiles of family relationships were identified via latent profile analysis and categorized as Cohesive-Decline, Mild-Decline, Conflictual-Stable, and Indifferent-Stable. Adolescents with a Conflictual-Stable profile reported more emotional and behavioral responses compared to the other profiles. In contrast, adolescents with a Cohesive-Decline profile exhibited fewer emotional responses compared to the other profiles. Adolescents with a Mild-Decline profile had fewer emotional responses than those with an Indifferent-Stable profile. These results shed light on the patterns and consequences of family relationships during the COVID-19 pandemic and have substantial implications for interventions involving family relationships in the context of regular epidemic prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Tang
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875 China
| | - Yingmiao Shao
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875 China
| | - Ting He
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875 China
| | - Yulong Wang
- Department of Psychology, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081 China
| | - Stephen P. Hinshaw
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Xiuyun Lin
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875 China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Pala AN, Chuang JC, Chien A, Krauth DM, Leitner SA, Okoye NM, Costello SC, Rodriguez RM, Sheira LA, Solomon G, Weiser SD. Depression, anxiety, and burnout among hospital workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276861. [PMID: 36490248 PMCID: PMC9733879 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Healthcare personnel have faced unprecedented mental health challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study objective is to assess differences in depression, anxiety, and burnout among healthcare personnel with various occupational roles and whether financial and job strain were associated with these mental health outcomes. METHODS We employed an anonymous survey between July and August 2020 at an urban county hospital in California, USA. We assessed depression, anxiety, and burnout using validated scales, and asked questions on financial strain and job strain. We performed logistic and linear regression analyses. RESULTS Nurses (aOR 1.93, 95% CIs 1.12, 3.46), social workers (aOR 2.61, 95% CIs 1.35, 5.17), service workers (aOR 2.55, 95% CIs 1.20, 5.48), and administrative workers (aOR 2.93, 95% CIs 1.57, 5.61) were more likely than physicians to screen positive for depression. The odds of screening positive for anxiety were significantly lower for ancillary workers (aOR 0.32, 95% CIs 0.13-0.72) compared with physicians. Ancillary (aB = -1.77, 95% CIs -1.88, -0.47) and laboratory and pharmacy workers (aB -0.70, 95% CI -1.34, -0.06) reported lower levels of burnout compared with physicians. Financial strain partially accounted for differences in mental health outcomes across job categories. Lack of time to complete tasks and lack of supervisory support were associated with higher odds of screening positive for depression. Less job autonomy was associated with higher odds of screening positive for anxiety and higher burnout levels. CONCLUSIONS We found significant disparities in mental health outcomes across occupational roles. Policies to mitigate the adverse impact of COVID-19 on health workers' mental health should include non-clinical staff and address financial support and job characteristics for all occupational roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Norcini Pala
- Columbia School of Social Work (CSSW), New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Jessica C. Chuang
- San Francisco (UCSF) Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Ai Chien
- San Francisco (UCSF) Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - David M. Krauth
- San Francisco (UCSF) Division of HIV, University of California, Infectious Disease and Global Medicine, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Stefano A. Leitner
- San Francisco (UCSF) Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Nnenna M. Okoye
- San Francisco (UCSF) Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Sadie C. Costello
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, CA, United States of America
| | - Robert M. Rodriguez
- San Francisco (UCSF) Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Lila A. Sheira
- San Francisco (UCSF) Division of HIV, University of California, Infectious Disease and Global Medicine, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Gina Solomon
- San Francisco (UCSF) Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Sheri D. Weiser
- San Francisco (UCSF) Division of HIV, University of California, Infectious Disease and Global Medicine, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Messineo L, Tosto C. Perceived stress and affective experience in Italian teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic: correlation with coping and emotion regulation strategies. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY OF EDUCATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10212-022-00661-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has represented a source of stress for teachers by adding new challenges. The objective of this study was to assess the association between emotion regulation and coping strategies, on the one hand, and perceived stress and affective experience on the other among teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic. A sample of 1178 of Italian pre-primary, primary, and secondary school teachers completed an online survey. Three hierarchical linear regression analyses were run to evaluate teachers’ emotion regulation, coping strategies, years of teaching experience, perceived workload, and perceptions about online teaching in predicting their perceived stress and positive and negative affect. The findings showed that cognitive reappraisal and positive attitude were associated with a lower level of perceived stress and negative affect and a higher level of positive affect. Problem orientation strategies were also associated with a higher level of positive affect. By contrast, expressive suppression was correlated with a higher level of perceived stress. Avoidance coping strategies were associated with higher perceived stress and negative affect and a lower level of positive affect. The perceived burden of online teaching was positively related with perceived stress and negative affect. Confidence in using educational technologies predicted lower levels of perceived stress, and previous online teaching experience was positively correlated with positive affect. The findings of this study could be useful for implementing teacher training programmes on emotion regulation and coping strategies to reduce stress and promote positive affect.
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