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Silitonga HTH, Salim LA, Nurmala I, Wartiningsih M, Raga AD. The association between social support with compliance of IFA supplement intake among adolescent girls in Sidoarjo, Indonesia. Nutr Health 2023:2601060231206310. [PMID: 37817580 DOI: 10.1177/02601060231206310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Background: Anemia is a severe nutritional issue affecting people worldwide, including in Indonesia. One of the government's initiatives to alleviate anemia afflicting adolescent Indonesian girls is iron and folic acid supplementation (IFAS). However, this program has shown to be ineffective, which may be due to poor compliance of IFAS. Aim: This study aimed to identify the association of social support (sources of information and reminders) with compliance of IFA supplement intake among adolescent girls in Sidoarjo, Indonesia. Methods: This research was an observational analytic study with the cross-sectional method in three schools in Sidoarjo, Indonesia. A total of 202 high school adolescent girls were randomly selected. Bivariate statistics with the Spearman rank test determined associations and the strength of associations at a significant threshold of p < 0.05. Results: IFA compliance was low (11.4%). However, there was a significant association between the number of sources of information (r = 0.175, p = 0.013) and the number of reminders (r = 0.158; p = 0.025) with compliance of high school adolescent girls to consume IFA supplements regularly in Sidoarjo, Indonesia. Meanwhile, age did not significantly affect compliance of regular IFA supplement consumption. Conclusions: The compliance level was positively related to the number of sources of information and the number of reminders for taking IFA supplements among high school adolescent girls. Involvement from social environments such as teachers, parents, and health workers as a source of information and reminders can help improve high school adolescent girls' compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lutfi Agus Salim
- Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ira Nurmala
- Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga Surabaya, Indonesia
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Rahman MM, de Silva A, Sassa M, Islam MR, Aktar S, Akter S. A systematic analysis and future projections of the nutritional status and interpretation of its drivers among school-aged children in South-East Asian countries. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. SOUTHEAST ASIA 2023; 16:100244. [PMID: 37456534 PMCID: PMC10344936 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2023.100244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Nutrition inadequacy during childhood and adolescence can cause suboptimal growth, intergenerational effects on offspring and an increased risk of chronic diseases in adulthood. There is little information on the prevalence and drivers of malnutrition in children aged 5-19 years, in the South-East Asian setting, since most existing interventions have to date targeted undernutrition. We assessed the national prevalence of nutritional indicators, their trends, and associated risk factors among children aged 5-19 years from 11 countries of WHO South-East Asia Region (SEA Region) in order to provide evidence to guide future policy direction. Methods We included 5,210,646 children for analysis from 345 studies and 25 survey datasets. A Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of the study. Bayesian regression models were used to estimate the prevalence of malnutrition between 2000 and 2030, and a series of subgroup analyses were performed to assess variation in pooled estimates by different socio-demographic and lifestyle factors. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO database (CRD42023400104). Findings Overall, pooled analysis demonstrated that indicators of undernutrition in SEA is predicted to decrease between 2000 and 2030 including stunting (36.6%-27.2%), thinness (29.5%-6.2%), and underweight (29.2%-15.9%). However, a substantial increase in prevalence of overweight (6.0% in 2000-16.9% in 2030), and obesity (2.6%-9.5%) are predicted. The prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies between 2000 and 2030 is predicted to decrease-vitamin A by 84% and vitamin D by 53%. Parents' education levels and household wealth were inversely associated with malnutrition. Children's health-related behaviours, such as unhealthy dietary habits and spending more time watching TV, playing games, or using the computer, were associated with increased chance of overweight and obesity. There were no clear signs of publication bias in our study. Interpretation Our analysis highlights the pattern of a double burden of malnutrition, with clear differences between different socio-demographic groups. Despite a substantial reduction in the prevalence of stunting, underweight, and anaemia since 2000, an emerging increase in overweight/obesity and micronutrient deficiencies warrants urgent attention. Funding World Health Organization Regional Office for South-East Asia New Delhi, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mizanur Rahman
- Research Center for Health Policy and Economics, Hitotsubashi University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Angela de Silva
- Nutrition and Health for Development Unit, Department of Healthier Populations and Noncommunicable Disease, World Health Organization (WHO), Regional Office for South-East Asia, India
| | - Miho Sassa
- Department of Global Health Policy, School of International Health, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Md. Rashedul Islam
- Research Center for Health Policy and Economics, Hitotsubashi University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sarmin Aktar
- Global Public Health Research Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shamima Akter
- Research Center for Health Policy and Economics, Hitotsubashi University, Tokyo, Japan
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Jafari A, Hosseini Z, Tehrani H, Alami A. Evaluation of the barriers and facilitators of iron supplementation program among adolescent females. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 56:36-42. [PMID: 37344081 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Iron deficiency anemia is a major health problem in female adolescents; so, the iron supplementation program has been implemented in Iranian female high school students for nearly two decades. This study aimed to assess the barriers and facilitators of the program. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted by cluster random sampling with a sample size of 399 high school girls from the northern, southern, eastern, western and central regions of Iran. To collect data, we applied valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaires. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 22 software using the chi-squared test. RESULTS From the students' point of view, the most important reasons for not taking iron supplements were the bad taste of iron supplements, nausea after consumption, and not prescription of the iron supplement by physicians. Most the students believed that inviting health care professionals and movies or clips had the greatest impact on encouraging students to take supplements. About 45% of students reported that educational programs were not held for them, and only 28% of students received educational content/educational media about iron supplement. Also, 71% of students reported that there are not enough glasses for the consumption of supplement iron. There were significant relationships between iron supplements distributors (deputy assistant: 22.6% vs. 14.1%, P = 0.045), allocated enough time to intake iron supplements (72.0% vs. 37.1%, P < 0.001), implemented the educational program in schools (61.8% vs. 33%, P < 0.001), and the educator person of the program (health teachers: 42.7% vs. 35.7%, P = 0.039) with consumption of iron supplement by the students. CONCLUSION To achieve the goals of the program, it is necessary paying attention to various aspects of the program such as providing better quality iron supplements, providing more appropriate environmental conditions, designing more attractive training programs, strengthening general announcement, and employing more experienced executive staff. CONCLUSION
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Jafari
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
| | - Zahra Hosseini
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
| | - Hadi Tehrani
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Ali Alami
- Department of Epidemiology and Bio-statistics, School of Public Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
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Daniel RA, Kalaivani M, Kant S, Gupta S. Prevalence of anaemia among adolescent girls (10-19 years) in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis. THE NATIONAL MEDICAL JOURNAL OF INDIA 2023; 36:233-240. [PMID: 38692640 DOI: 10.25259/nmji_637_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Background Anaemia is a serious public health problem. It is the second-commonest contributing factor to years lost by adolescents to disability and death. Targeting adolescent girls will allow a window of opportunity to correct their nutritional health and improve their obstetric outcomes. Studies in India have reported varying prevalence rates of anaemia among adolescent girls. Hence, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis of community-based studies to obtain a comprehensive pooled estimate of the prevalence of anaemia among adolescent girls in India. Methods We did a systematic electronic search in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Google scholar to retrieve community-based studies that reported the prevalence of anaemia among adolescent girls (10-19 years) in India, without any date or language restriction. To estimate the pooled prevalence and heterogeneity, the random-effects model and I2 statistical methods were used. We did subgroup analyses based on geographical region, study setting, method used to measure haemoglobin concentration, and year of publication. Results We included 35 studies in this meta-analysis comprising 152 640 participants. The pooled prevalence of anaemia among adolescent girls was 65.7% (95% CI 59.3%- 71.9%). There was significant heterogeneity between the studies (I2 99.6%; p<0.001). Conclusion There is a high prevalence of anaemia among adolescent girls in India. While all regions of the country have a high prevalence, tribal areas need special attention. Targeted actions need to focus on the identification of determinants of anaemia apart from iron supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Arokiam Daniel
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Mani Kalaivani
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Shashi Kant
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Sanjeev Gupta
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
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A Review of the Risk Factors for Iron Deficiency Anaemia among Adolescents in Developing Countries. Anemia 2023; 2023:6406286. [PMID: 36636253 PMCID: PMC9831712 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6406286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Identifying the root causes of iron deficiency anaemia is a prerequisite for effective management and prevention in adolescents. This systematic review assessed risk factors of iron deficiency anaemia among adolescents living in developing countries. Method Electronic databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and SCOPUS were comprehensively searched for studies published between 1990 and 2020 that involved risk factors of iron deficiency anaemia among adolescents living in developing countries. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the American Dietetic Association Quality Criteria Checklist. Results A total of 2,252 publications were reviewed, and only fifteen cross-sectional studies were eligible for inclusion, eight of which focused on female adolescents and seven on both genders. Direct risk factors contributing to anaemia among adolescents included food intake practices (n = 10 studies), female adolescents (n = 8 studies), menstruation (n = 5 studies), and parasitic infection (n = 6 studies). Indirect risk factors found to be associated with anaemia among adolescents included low educational status (n = 4 studies) and low socioeconomic status (n = 3 studies). All fifteen studies were of good quality. Conclusion Food intake practices, female adolescents, menstruation, parasitic infection, and low educational status were the leading risk factors of iron deficiency anaemia among adolescents. Further research should concentrate on assessing the effectiveness and efficacy of existing interventions aimed at preventing iron deficiency among vulnerable groups in developing countries.
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Scott S, Lahiri A, Sethi V, de Wagt A, Menon P, Yadav K, Varghese M, Joe W, Vir SC, Nguyen PH. Anaemia in Indians aged 10–19 years: Prevalence, burden and associated factors at national and regional levels. MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2022; 18:e13391. [PMID: 35719126 PMCID: PMC9480897 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Scott
- International Food Policy Research Institute New Delhi India
| | - Anwesha Lahiri
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine Cambridge UK
- Population Research Centre, Institute of Economic Growth New Delhi India
| | - Vani Sethi
- Nutrition Division, UNICEF New Delhi India
| | | | - Purnima Menon
- International Food Policy Research Institute New Delhi India
| | - Kapil Yadav
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | | | - William Joe
- Population Research Centre, Institute of Economic Growth New Delhi India
| | - Sheila C. Vir
- Public Health Nutrition and Development Centre New Delhi India
| | - Phuong Hong Nguyen
- International Food Policy Research Institute Washington District of Columbia USA
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Nilsson M, Emilsson C, Jonsson A, Tomson G, Meijer S, Östman L, Magnusson U. Stronger efforts are needed to safeguard the nutrition of school aged children. BMJ 2022; 376:o623. [PMID: 35264329 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.o623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Nilsson
- Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Emilsson
- Swedish Institute for Global Health Transformation (SIGHT), Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Sweden
| | | | | | - Sebastiaan Meijer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden
| | - Leif Östman
- Department of Education, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Ulf Magnusson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden
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Subramanian M, Malhotra S, Kant S, Goswami K, Perumal V, Kaloiya G. Prevalence of Anemia Among Adolescent Girls Residing in Rural Haryana: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2022; 14:e21091. [PMID: 35165551 PMCID: PMC8830372 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.21091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anemia continues to be a major public health problem in India despite multiple initiatives to address it among various vulnerable groups including adolescents. Aim This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of anemia among rural adolescent girls who had attained menarche. Methods The community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 28 villages of Ballabgarh Block of district Faridabad, Haryana. From the computerized Health Management Information System data (HMIS), a random list of 363 adolescent girls was generated. Adolescent girls who had attained menarche were included in the study. Hemoglobin level was measured for all the consented or assented participants using a digital hemoglobinometer (HemoCue201+ photometer, HemoCue AB, Angelholm, Sweden). Results A total of 272 participants were enrolled in the study. Mean (SD) age at menarche was 13.2 (1.2) years. Prevalence of anemia among adolescent girls who had attained menarche was observed to be 71.7% (95% CI: 66.3 - 77.1) as per the WHO classification. Among the 195 anemic adolescent girls, severe, moderate, and mild anemia was observed in 4.8%, 41.2%, and 25.7%, respectively. In multivariable analysis, after adjusting for the age, the mother’s education was significantly associated with anemia (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.22 - 0.96, p-value = 0.04). Conclusion The prevalence of anemia among rural adolescent girls who had attained menarche was high. Mother’s education status had a protective effect on anemia among adolescent girls.
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Baniya G, Verma K. Prevalence, knowledge, and related factor of anemia among school-going adolescent girls in a remote area of western Rajasthan. J Family Med Prim Care 2022; 11:1474-1481. [PMID: 35516663 PMCID: PMC9067232 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1372_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Methods: Results: Conclusion:
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Madestria NPO, Moedjiono AI, Tahir M, Suarayasa K, Nur R, Syam A. Effect of education through video and packaging modifications of iron tablets on female adolescent behavior in the iron supplementation intake in SMPN 2 and SMPN 1 Parigi. GACETA SANITARIA 2021; 35 Suppl 2:S127-S130. [PMID: 34929794 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2021.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to reveal the effect of providing education by video and modification of iron tablet packaging on young women's behaviour in the iron supplementation intake in SMPN 2 and SMPN 1 - Parigi. METHODS This research was a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest control group design along with stratified random sampling, which was SMPN 2 Parigi as an Intervention group and SMPN 1 Parigi as a control group. The total sample of 62 respondents in each group. RESULT In the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test analysis, the Intervention group (video+modification of iron tablet packaging) valued p=0.001 <0.05. It means that there were differences in female students' knowledge, attitudes, and intentions in the pretest-posttest, while in the control group (video) obtained p-value=0.001 <0.05, which showed differences in knowledge, attitudes, and intentions of female students in the pretest-posttest. CONCLUSION The development of educational media for iron tablet intake through the video along packaging modification of iron tablet contributed a significant effect on the knowledge, attitudes, and intentions of young women in the iron supplementation intake.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Apik Indarty Moedjiono
- Lecturer in Reproductive Health Department, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
| | - Muh Tahir
- Reproductive Health Department, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
| | - Ketut Suarayasa
- Lecturer in Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tadulako University, Indonesia
| | - Rosmala Nur
- Lecturer in Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tadulako University, Indonesia
| | - Aminuddin Syam
- Lecturer in Nutrition Department, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia
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Ahankari AS, Tata LJ, Fogarty AW. Access to a piped water supply is positively associated with haemoglobin levels in females living in rural Maharashtra State, India. Public Health 2021; 201:8-11. [PMID: 34742117 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is a high prevalence of anaemia in individuals living in rural India, which may be modified by a number of environmental factors. The association between access to water, toileting facilities and healthcare services with the prevalence of anaemia was explored to determine potentially modifiable community-level risk factors. STUDY DESIGN This was a cross-sectional survey. METHODS Data were collected from adolescent females (aged 13-17 years) living in 34 villages in rural areas of the Maharashtra state of India on measures of sanitation facilities and access to health care along with haemoglobin measurements. Linear and logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate associations between environmental (community) factors and adolescent haemoglobin levels and anaemia, respectively. RESULTS Data were available from 1010 individuals, which represented a response rate of over 97% of those who were approached for the study. The prevalence of anaemia was very high (87%) when measured using haemoglobin levels. Access to a piped water supply was associated with 0.59 g/dL of increase in haemoglobin levels (95% confidence interval: 0.10-1.09). Associations between access to communal toilets, travel time to the hospital, health centres or nurses and haemoglobin levels or anaemia were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Anaemia prevalence was very high in our study population. Simple improvements such as provision of regular piped water is associated with an increase in haemoglobin levels in rural Indian females. These are consistent with the hypothesis that chronic exposure to higher levels of microbes in the living environment contributes to the risk of anaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Ahankari
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; Halo Medical Foundation, Andur, India; School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
| | - L J Tata
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - A W Fogarty
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Zhu Z, Sudfeld CR, Cheng Y, Qi Q, Li S, Elhoumed M, Yang W, Chang S, Dibley MJ, Zeng L, Fawzi WW. Anemia and associated factors among adolescent girls and boys at 10-14 years in rural western China. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:218. [PMID: 33499861 PMCID: PMC7836596 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10268-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence on anemia and associated factors among young adolescent girls and boys in rural western China is limited. Methods We used data from a follow-up study of adolescents (10–14 years) born to women who participated in a randomized trial of antenatal micronutrient supplementation in western China. Anemia was defined by World Health Organization standards. Logistic regression was used to examine the factors associated with anemia. Results The overall prevalence of anemia was 11.7% (178/1517). Female adolescents were 1.73 (95% CI 1.21, 2.48) times more likely to have anemia as compared to males. Adolescents whose mothers had completed high school were 0.35 (95% CI 0.13, 0.93) times less likely to be anemic, compared to those of whom had < 3 years of formal education. Household wealth was also inversely associated with anemia. The association of puberty status with anemia was modified by adolescent sex (P-value for interaction was 0.04); males with greater than mild pubertal development had reduced odds (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.15, 0.83) of anemia while there was no association among females (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.29, 1.78). Consumption of flesh foods (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.38, 0.89), eggs (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.38, 0.93), and having a meal frequency of three times or more per day (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.48, 0.96) were also associated with a lower likelihood of anemia. Conclusions Anemia was a mild public health problem among young adolescents in rural western China. Nutritional and social determinants were identified as predictors, warranting interventions to reduce the risk of anemia among this critical age group. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-10268-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghai Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No.76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China.,Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher R Sudfeld
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yue Cheng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety Research, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No.76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoru Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No.76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohamed Elhoumed
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No.76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Public Health Research (INRSP), BP. 695, Nouakchott, Mauritania
| | - Wenfang Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Suying Chang
- United Nations Children's Fund, China Office, Beijing, 100600, People's Republic of China
| | - Michael J Dibley
- The Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lingxia Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No.76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wafaie W Fawzi
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Seyed Nematollah Roshan F, Navipor H, Alhani F. Practical intervention on quality of life of anemic girls and their mothers. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2020; 33:107-113. [PMID: 34187137 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2018-0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anemia is the most prevalent disease in teenage girls and like other chronic diseases not only affects different aspects of their quality of life (QOl) but also quality of life of their parents. OBJECTIVE The aim of present study is investigating the effectiveness of family centered empowerment model (FCEM) on adolescent girls with anemia and their mother's quality of life. METHODS Semi-experimental practical research is performed by choosing 60 girls with anemia and their mothers classified in two case and control groups based on random allocation in Tehran city. The eight sessions of educational program based on educational needs of girls & mothers in case group done for two months. The post test was carried out 1/5 month after the end of intervention through QOl questionnaire in case and control groups. Data analysis was performed using statistical methods including t-test, paired t-test. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the QOl in adolescent girls and their mothers between the two case and control groups before intervention (P=0/473 & P=0/94 respectively). While, after the intervention independent t-test showed a significant difference between the two case and control groups (P>0/001). CONCLUSIONS Findings showed that the FCEM promote the QOl in adolescent girls with anemia and their mothers. It is recommended that extensive studies be performed on the effectiveness of this model for other chronic diseases in different age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hasan Navipor
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Alhani
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Ahankari AS, Kabra P, Tata LJ, Hayter M, Fogarty AW. Two measures of systemic inflammation are positively associated with haemoglobin levels in adolescent girls living in rural India: a cross-sectional study. Trop Med Int Health 2020; 26:327-334. [PMID: 33166022 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study tested the hypothesis that systemic inflammation is inversely associated with haemoglobin levels in adolescent girls in India. METHODS The study population consisted of adolescent girls aged between 10 and 19 years living in a remote rural region in Maharashtra State, India. Data were collected on anthropometric measures, and a venous blood sample was taken and tested for complete blood count and C-reactive protein (CRP). RESULTS Of 679 individuals who were invited to the research site to participate, data were available from 401 participants giving a response rate of 59%. Median blood CRP was 1.26 mg/l (Range 0.00 to 26.33), and 167 (41.6%) participants had CRP level < 1.0 mg/l. The mean haemoglobin was 12.24 g/dl (standard deviation [SD] 1.51), and the mean total white blood cells (WBC) count was 9.02 × 103 /μl (SD 2.00). With each g/dl increase in blood haemoglobin, the risk of having an elevated CRP of ≥ 1 mg/l increased with an odds ratio of 1.16 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.33, P = 0.03). Total WBC count was also positively associated with blood haemoglobin, increasing by 0.24 × 103 /μl (95% CI 0.11 to 0.37, P < 0.001) per g/dl increase in haemoglobin. Both analyses were adjusted for age. CONCLUSIONS In this population, blood haemoglobin levels were positively associated with two measures of systemic inflammation, contrary to the primary hypothesis being tested. Other unmeasured environmental exposures may modify haemoglobin levels in this population. Understanding this observation may help design better public health interventions to improve the well-being of adolescent girls in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Ahankari
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Halo Medical Foundation, Andur, India.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, UK.,School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
| | - P Kabra
- Ashwini Rural Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Kumbhari, India
| | - L J Tata
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - M Hayter
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - A W Fogarty
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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15
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Ahankari AS, Tata LJ, Fogarty AW. Weight, height, and midupper arm circumference are associated with haemoglobin levels in adolescent girls living in rural India: A cross-sectional study. MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION 2019; 16:e12908. [PMID: 31823478 PMCID: PMC7083455 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.12908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to explore the association of physical parameters with haemoglobin (Hb) levels to test the hypothesis that impaired physical development is associated with anaemia. A cross‐sectional survey study recruited adolescent girls (13 to 17 years) living in rural areas of Maharashtra state of India. Data were collected on physical parameters include height, weight, and midupper arm circumference (MUAC). Hb levels were measured using Sahli's haemometer. Linear regression was conducted to test the hypothesis. Data were collected from 1,010 girls on physical parameter and Hb levels. The majority of the adolescent girls were diagnosed with anaemia (87%). The regression analysis adjusted for age gave a significant association of Hb levels with all three variables (MUAC, weight, and height). Hb increased by 0.11 g/dl with an each centimetre of increase in MUAC (95% confidence interval, CI, [0.08, 0.15], P < .001). Each kilogram of increase in the body weight showed an increase in Hb levels (0.02 g dl, 95% CI [0.01, 0.03], P = .001). With an each centimetre of increase in height, Hb increased by 0.01 g dl (95% CI [0.00, 0.02], P = .022). There was a consistent association between three measures of somatic growth and anaemia in the study population. It is likely that life‐course exposures from conception onwards contribute to this, and the public health implications are that preventing anaemia is a challenge that requires a multifaceted interventional approach. Understanding the importance of the timing of these life exposures will help design interventions that can achieve optimal results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand S Ahankari
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,HMF Research, Halo Medical Foundation, India.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Laila J Tata
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andrew W Fogarty
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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16
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Ahankari A, Hayter M, Whitfield C, Ali P, Giridhari S, Tambe S, Kabra P, Rayamane K, Ovseiko P. aDolescents gEnder surVey, rEsponsible coupLes evaluatiOn, and capacity building Project in India (DEVELOP): a study protocol. F1000Res 2019; 8:958. [PMID: 33968370 PMCID: PMC8080941 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.19521.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Gender-based violence against women is a serious concern in India. This affects the health and wellbeing of victims and their dependents. Published evidence has documented a variety of reasons for such violence in Indian societies, paving a pathway to design, implement, and evaluate intervention models to address this issue. DEVELOP is a research study designed by UK and Indian research teams to plan future projects to address gender-based discrimination and violence against women and girls in India. This study protocol provides detailed information on the objectives, research methods, data collection, storage, analysis, and dissemination plans of the DEVELOP. The first component is a survey of adolescent boys and girls from rural areas of Maharashtra state of India to understand their gender equality related knowledge and beliefs. The insight gathered will be used to design interventions targeted at adolescent populations through future research and development programmes. Secondly, an evaluation of the 'Responsible Couples' project will be conducted to assess its success and challenges, and to design suitable programme activities and models. The 'Responsible Couples' project is implemented in 40 villages of Maharashtra state to improve relationships in married couples, prevent violence against women, intervene during violence, and to provide support services for women and their family members. Research findings will be disseminated though public engagement events in India, international conferences, and peer reviewed publications. This will impact on the policy and work models of Indian partners to plan future project investments. Research findings will be also useful for local government authorities and non-government agencies striving to advance gender equality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Ahankari
- School of Health and Social Work, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, Yorkshire, HU6 7RX, UK
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7YH, UK
| | - Mark Hayter
- School of Health and Social Work, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, Yorkshire, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Clare Whitfield
- School of Health and Social Work, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, Yorkshire, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Parveen Ali
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2LA, UK
| | | | - Shruti Tambe
- Department of Sociology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Pratyush Kabra
- Department of Community Medicine, Ashwini Rural Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Solapur, Maharashtra, 413006, India
| | - Kranti Rayamane
- Halo Medical Foundation, Andur, Osmanabad, Maharashtra, 413603, India
| | - Pavel Ovseiko
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
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17
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Ahankari A, Hayter M, Whitfield C, Ali P, Giridhari S, Tambe S, Kabra P, Rayamane K, Ovseiko P. aDolescents gEnder surVey, rEsponsible coupLes evaluatiOn, and capacity building Project in India (DEVELOP): a study protocol. F1000Res 2019; 8:958. [PMID: 33968370 PMCID: PMC8080941 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.19521.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Domestic violence and assault (DVA) against women is a serious concern in India. This affects the health and wellbeing of victims and their dependents. Published evidence has documented a variety of reasons for such violence in Indian societies, paving a pathway to design, implement, and evaluate intervention models to address this issue. DEVELOP is a research study designed by UK and Indian research teams to plan future projects to address gender-based discrimination and DVA against women and girls in India. This study protocol provides detailed information on the objectives, research methods, data collection, storage, analysis, and dissemination plans of the DEVELOP phase 1 work (2018-19). The first component is a survey of adolescent boys and girls from rural areas of the Maharashtra state of India to understand their gender equality related knowledge and beliefs. The insight gathered will be used to design interventions targeted at adolescent populations through future research and development programmes. Secondly, an evaluation of the 'Responsible Couples' project will be conducted to assess its success and challenges, and to inform future programme activities and strategy. The 'Responsible Couples' project is implemented in 40 villages of Maharashtra state to improve relationships in married couples, prevent violence against women, intervene during violence, and to provide support services for women and their family members. Research findings will be disseminated though public engagement events in India, international conferences, and peer reviewed publications. Secondly, our two key partners (SWISSAID and HMF) will benefit from such evidence to inform their on-going as well as forthcoming projects on gender equality in India. Research findings will be also useful for local government authorities and non-government agencies striving to advance gender equality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Ahankari
- School of Health and Social Work, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, Yorkshire, HU6 7RX, UK
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7YH, UK
| | - Mark Hayter
- School of Health and Social Work, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, Yorkshire, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Clare Whitfield
- School of Health and Social Work, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, Yorkshire, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Parveen Ali
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2LA, UK
| | | | - Shruti Tambe
- Department of Sociology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India
| | - Pratyush Kabra
- Department of Community Medicine, Ashwini Rural Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Solapur, Maharashtra, 413006, India
| | - Kranti Rayamane
- Halo Medical Foundation, Andur, Osmanabad, Maharashtra, 413603, India
| | - Pavel Ovseiko
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
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18
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Mallik N, Sharma P, Kaur Hira J, Chhabra S, Sreedharanunni S, Kumar N, Naseem S, Sachdeva MUS, Ahluwalia J, Malhotra P, Varma N, Varma S, Das R. Genetic basis of unexplained erythrocytosis in Indian patients. Eur J Haematol 2019; 103:124-130. [PMID: 31132167 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the spectrum of genetic defects in Indian patients with unexplained erythrocytosis. METHODS Fifteen families (18 patients) with unexplained erythrocytosis were enrolled after excluding polycythemia vera and secondary erythrocytosis. Focused Sanger sequencing from genomic DNA was performed for EPOR (exon 8), VHL (exons 2-3), EGLN1 (exons 2-5), EPAS1 (exon 12), and all exons of HBB, HBA1, and HBA2 genes. RESULTS Eleven of the 18 patients (including two pairs of brothers) had Chuvash polycythemia, that is, homozygosity for VHL:c.598C > T (p.Arg200Trp). Three patients (two of whom were brothers) had HBB mutations associated with increased oxygen-affinity hemoglobin-one had a heterozygous Hb McKees Rocks HBB:c.438T > A (p.Tyr146*), and two brothers showed heterozygous Hb Rainier HBB:c.437A > G (p.Tyr146Cys). No pathogenic variants were found in the remaining four cases. CONCLUSION A gene-by-gene Sanger sequencing approach could determine a genetic basis for erythrocytosis in 11 of the 15 (73%) Indian families, with homozygous VHL:c.598C > T (p.Arg200Trp) being the commonest pathogenic variant. This first study from the Indian subcontinent provides a rationale for analyzing this variant in patients with suspected congenital erythrocytosis from this region. Rare first occurrences of Hb McKees Rocks and Hb Rainier in Indians are also being reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabhajit Mallik
- Department of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Prashant Sharma
- Department of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Jasbir Kaur Hira
- Department of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sanjeev Chhabra
- Department of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sreejesh Sreedharanunni
- Department of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Narender Kumar
- Department of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shano Naseem
- Department of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Man Updesh Singh Sachdeva
- Department of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Jasmina Ahluwalia
- Department of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pankaj Malhotra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Neelam Varma
- Department of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Subhash Varma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Reena Das
- Department of Hematology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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19
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The usefulness of reticulocyte haemoglobin content, serum transferrin receptor and the sTfR-ferritin index to identify iron deficiency in healthy children aged 1-16 years. Eur J Pediatr 2019; 178:41-49. [PMID: 30264352 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-018-3257-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study, conducted on a population-based representative sample, evaluates the usefulness of reticulocyte haemoglobin content (CHr), serum transferrin receptor (sTfR) and sTfR/log ferritin (sTfR-F index) to recognise iron deficiency (ID) without anaemia, provides specific cut-off points for age and gender, and proposes a new definition of ID. A total of 1239 healthy children and adolescents aged 1-16 years were included. Complete blood count, iron biomarkers, erythropoietin, C-reactive protein, CHr, sTfR, and sTfR-F index were determined. ROC curves were obtained and sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, likelihood ratios, and accuracy for each specific cut-off points were calculated. Seventy-three had ID without anaemia. Area under the curve for sTfR-F index, sTfR and CHr were 0.97 (CI95% 0.95-0.99), 0.87 (CI95% 0.82-0.92) and 0.68 (CI95% 0.61-0.74), respectively. The following cut-off points defined ID: sTfR-F Index > 1.5 (1-5 years and 12-16 years boys) and > 1.4 (6-11 years and 12-16 years girls); sTfR (mg/L) > 1.9 (1-5 years), > 1.8 (6-11 years), > 1.75 (12-16 years girls) and > 1.95 (12-16 years boys); and CHr (pg) < 27 (1-5 years) and < 28.5 (6-16 years).Conclusions: CHr, sTfR and the sTfR-F index are useful parameters to discriminate ID without anaemia in children and adolescents, and specific cut-off values have been established. The combination of these new markers offers an alternative definition of ID with suitable discriminatory power. What is Known: • In adults, reticulocyte haemoglobin content (CHr), serum transferrin receptor (sTfR) and sTfR/log ferritin index (sTfR-F index) have been evaluated and recognised as reliable indicators of iron deficiency (ID). • Clinical manifestations of ID may be present in stages prior to anaemia, and the diagnosis of ID without anaemia continues to pose problems. What is New: • CHr, sTfR and the sTfR-F index are useful parameters in diagnosis of ID in childhood and adolescence when anaemia is not present. • We propose a new strategy for the diagnosis of ID in childhood and adolescence, based on the combination of these measures, which offer greater discriminatory power than the classical parameters.
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20
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Nguyen PH, Scott S, Avula R, Tran LM, Menon P. Trends and drivers of change in the prevalence of anaemia among 1 million women and children in India, 2006 to 2016. BMJ Glob Health 2018; 3:e001010. [PMID: 30397516 PMCID: PMC6202996 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction India carries the largest burden of anaemia globally. Progress to reduce anaemia has been slow despite substantial economic growth and 50 years of programmatic efforts. Identification of the factors that contribute to anaemia reductions is needed to accelerate progress. We examined changes in haemoglobin (Hb) and anaemia among women and children in India from 2006 to 2016 and identified drivers of changes in these outcomes over time. Methods We used two rounds of National Family Health Survey data collected in 2005–2006 and 2015–2016 (n=245 346 children 6–59 months; 37 165 pregnant women (PW) 15–49 years; 760 460 non-pregnant women (NPW) 15–49 years). We first examined trends in Hb and anaemia, and changes in 30 selected variables (including immediate and underlying determinants, and nutrition and health interventions (NHIs)). We identified drivers of Hb and anaemia using multivariate regression and estimated their contribution to changes in these outcomes over time using regression-based decomposition. Results Hb and anaemia improved significantly between 2006 and 2016 in children (4.5 g/L and 11 percentage points (pp), respectively) and PW (3.2 g/L and 7.6 pp), but not in NPW. Despite these changes, anaemia is still very high (>50%) and progress varied considerably by state (−33 pp to +16 pp). Most immediate and underlying determinants, and NHIs improved significantly over time. Changes among a set of drivers common to children and PW accounted for the changes in Hb; these included maternal schooling (children, 10%; PW, 24%), coverage of NHIs (children, 18%; PW, 7%), socioeconomic status (children, 7%; PW, 17%), sanitation (children, 3%; PW, 9%), and meat and fish consumption (children, 3%; PW, 1%). The decomposition models moderately explained Hb changes over time (children, 49%; PW, 66%). Conclusions Multiple common drivers have contributed to the anaemia changes among children and pregnant women in India. Further improvements in these drivers can have population-level effects by simultaneously influencing both maternal and child anaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Hong Nguyen
- Poverty, Health, and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Samuel Scott
- Poverty, Health, and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Rasmi Avula
- Poverty, Health, and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | | | - Purnima Menon
- Poverty, Health, and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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21
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Scott SP, Murray-Kolb LE, Wenger MJ, Udipi SA, Ghugre PS, Boy E, Haas JD. Cognitive Performance in Indian School-Going Adolescents Is Positively Affected by Consumption of Iron-Biofortified Pearl Millet: A 6-Month Randomized Controlled Efficacy Trial. J Nutr 2018; 148:1462-1471. [PMID: 30016516 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron deficiency remains the most prevalent micronutrient deficiency globally, but few studies have examined how iron status relates to cognition in adolescents. Iron biofortification of staple food crops is being scaled up, yet it is unknown whether consuming biofortified crops can benefit cognition. Objective Our objective was to determine the efficacy of iron-biofortified pearl millet in improving attention and memory in Indian school-going adolescents. Methods A double-blind, randomized, intervention study was conducted in 140 Indian boys and girls, aged 12-16 y, who were assigned to consume iron-biofortified [Fe = 86 parts per million (ppm)] or conventional (Fe = 21-52 ppm) pearl millet. Hemoglobin, ferritin, and transferrin receptor (TfR) were measured and body iron (BI) was calculated at baseline and after 4 and 6 mo. Five measures of cognitive function were obtained at baseline and 6 mo: simple reaction time (SRT), Go/No-Go (GNG) task, Attentional Network Task (ANT), Composite Face Effect (CFE) task, and Cued Recognition Task (CRT). Intention-to-treat analysis was used. Results Daily iron intake from pearl millet was higher in those consuming biofortified compared with conventional pearl millet (19.6 compared with 4.8 mg/d). Effects on ferritin, TfR, and BI at 4 mo, and on TfR at 6 mo (all P < 0.05), indicated efficacy of biofortified pearl millet over conventional pearl millet in improving iron status. Compared with conventional pearl millet, the consumption of biofortified pearl millet resulted in greater improvement in attention (SRT, GNG, and ANT) and memory (CFE and CRT). Reaction time decreased twice as much from 0 to 6 mo in those consuming biofortified compared with conventional pearl millet on attention tasks (SRT: -123 compared with -63 ms; GNG: -67 compared with -30 ms; ANT double cue: -74 compared with -32 ms; all P < 0.01). Conclusion Consuming iron-biofortified pearl millet improves iron status and some measures of cognitive performance in Indian adolescents. This trial was registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02152150.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel P Scott
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Laura E Murray-Kolb
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Michael J Wenger
- Department of Psychology and Cellular and Behavioral Neurobiology, The University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK
| | - Shobha A Udipi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Shreemati Nathibai Damodar Thackersey Women's University Women's University, Mumbai, India
| | - Padmini S Ghugre
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Shreemati Nathibai Damodar Thackersey Women's University Women's University, Mumbai, India
| | - Erick Boy
- Harvest Plus, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC
| | - Jere D Haas
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
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22
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Madjdian DS, Azupogo F, Osendarp SJ, Bras H, Brouwer ID. Socio-cultural and economic determinants and consequences of adolescent undernutrition and micronutrient deficiencies in LLMICs: a systematic narrative review. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dónya S. Madjdian
- Department of Social Sciences, Sociology of Consumption and Households; Wageningen University and Research; Wageningen the Netherlands
| | - Fusta Azupogo
- Department of Human Nutrition, Nutrition and Health over the Life Course; Wageningen University and Research; Wageningen the Netherlands
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture; University for Development Studies; Tamale Ghana
| | - Saskia J.M. Osendarp
- Department of Human Nutrition, Nutrition and Health over the Life Course; Wageningen University and Research; Wageningen the Netherlands
| | - Hilde Bras
- Department of Social Sciences, Sociology of Consumption and Households; Wageningen University and Research; Wageningen the Netherlands
| | - Inge D. Brouwer
- Department of Human Nutrition, Nutrition and Health over the Life Course; Wageningen University and Research; Wageningen the Netherlands
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23
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Sarode SC, Panta P, Sarode GS, Gadbail AR, Gondivkar SM, Patil S. New research directions for areca nut/betel quid and oral submucous fibrosis for holistic prevention and treatment. Oral Oncol 2018; 78:218-219. [PMID: 29428570 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sachin C Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaramnagar, Pimpri, Pune - 18, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Prashanth Panta
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, MNR Dental College and Hospital, Narsapur Road, Sangareddy 502294, Telangana, India
| | - Gargi S Sarode
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Sant-Tukaramnagar, Pimpri, Pune - 18, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amol R Gadbail
- Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Government Dental College & Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra State, India.
| | - Shailesh M Gondivkar
- Department of Dentistry, Indira Gandhi Government Medical College & Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra State, India.
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Ahankari A, Fogarty A, Tata L, Myles P. Healthcare benefits linked with Below Poverty Line registration in India: Observations from Maharashtra Anaemia Study (MAS). F1000Res 2017; 6:25. [PMID: 28232866 PMCID: PMC5302144 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.10556.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A 2015
Lancet paper by Patel
et al. on healthcare access in India comprehensively discussed national health programmes where some benefits are linked with the country’s Below Poverty Line (BPL) registration scheme. BPL registration aims to support poor families by providing free/subsidised healthcare. Technical issues in obtaining BPL registration by poor families have been previously reported in the Indian literature; however there are no data on family assets of BPL registrants. Here, we provide evidence of family-level assets among BPL registration holders (and non-BPL households) using original research data from the Maharashtra Anaemia Study (MAS). Social and health data from 287 pregnant women and 891 adolescent girls (representing 1178 family households) across 34 villages in Maharashtra state, India, were analysed. Several assets were shown to be similarly distributed between BPL and non-BPL households; a large proportion of families who would probably be eligible were not registered, whereas BPL-registered families often had significant assets that should not make them eligible. This is likely to be the first published evidence where asset distribution such as agricultural land, housing structures and livestock are compared between BPL and non-BPL households in a rural population. These findings may help planning BPL administration to allocate health benefits equitably, which is an integral part of national health programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Ahankari
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; Halo Medical Foundation, Maharashtra, India
| | - Andrew Fogarty
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Laila Tata
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Puja Myles
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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