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Jin L, Ye M, Lin W, Ye Y, Chuang YC, Luo JY, Tang F. Identification of key potential infection processes and risk factors in the computed tomography examination process by FMEA method under COVID-19. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:257. [PMID: 38395803 PMCID: PMC10893727 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09136-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify the key infection processes and risk factors in Computed Tomography (CT) examination process within the standard prevention and control measures for the COVID-19 epidemic, aiming to mitigate cross-infection occurrences in the hospital. METHOD The case hospital has assembled a team of 30 experts specialized in CT examination. Based on the CT examination process, the potential failure modes were assessed from the perspective of severity (S), occurrence probability (O), and detectability (D); they were then combined with corresponding risk prevention measures. Finally, key infection processes and risk factors were identified according to the risk priority number (RPN) and expert analysis. RESULTS Through the application of RPN and further analysis, four key potential infection processes were identified, including "CT request form (A1)," "during the scan of CT patient (B2)," "CT room and objects disposal (C2)," and "medical waste (garbage) disposal (C3)". In addition, eight key risk factors were also identified, including "cleaning personnel does not wear masks normatively (C32)," "nurse does not select the vein well, resulting in extravasation of the peripheral vein for enhanced CT (B25)," "patient cannot find the CT room (A13)," "patient has obtained a CT request form but does not know the procedure (A12)," "patient is too unwell to continue with the CT scan (B24)," "auxiliary staff (or technician) does not have a good grasp of the sterilization and disinfection standards (C21)," "auxiliary staff (or technician) does not sterilize the CT machine thoroughly (C22)," and "cleaning personnel lacks of knowledge of COVID-19 prevention and control (C33)". CONCLUSION Hospitals can publicize the precautions regarding CT examination through various channels, reducing the incidence of CT examination failure. Hospitals' cleaning services are usually outsourced, and the educational background of the staff employed in these services is generally not high. Therefore, during training and communication, it is more necessary to provide a series of scope and training programs that are aligned with their understanding level. The model developed in this study effectively identifies the key infection prevention process and critical risk factors, enhancing the safety of medical staff and patients. This has significant research implications for the potential epidemic of major infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhi Jin
- Radiology department, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meiting Ye
- Radiology department, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenhua Lin
- Radiology department, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Ye
- Institute of Public Health and Emergency Management, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
- Business College, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yen-Ching Chuang
- Institute of Public Health and Emergency Management, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Business College, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Key Laboratory of evidence-based Radiology of Taizhou, Linhai, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jin-Yan Luo
- Institute for Hospital Management, Tsing Hua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Fuqin Tang
- Nursing Department, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China.
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O'Connor TM, Guaman MC, Randell KA, Keenan HT, Snowden J, Mack JW, Camp EA, Perez O, Chang ML, Myers AL, Nigrovic LE, O'Toole J, Reed JL, Reese J, Rosenberg AR, Slater AC, Wootton SH, Ziniel SI, Yost HJ, Murray KO, Shekerdemian L, Chumpitazi CE. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric faculty: a report from nine academic institutions. Pediatr Res 2024; 95:775-784. [PMID: 37454186 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02726-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic affected home and work routines, which may exacerbate existing academic professional disparities. Objectives were to describe the impact of the pandemic on pediatric faculty's work productivity, identify groups at risk for widening inequities, and explore mitigation strategies. METHODS A cross-sectional study of faculty members was conducted at nine U.S. pediatric departments. Responses were analyzed by demographics, academic rank, and change in home caregiving responsibility. RESULTS Of 5791 pediatric faculty members eligible, 1504 (26%) completed the survey. The majority were female (64%), over 40 years old (60%), and assistant professors (47%). Only 7% faculty identified as underrepresented in medicine. Overall 41% reported an increase in caregiving during the pandemic. When comparing clinical, administrative, research, and teaching activities, faculty reported worse 1-year outlook for research activities. Faculty with increased caregiving responsibilities were more likely to report concerns over delayed promotion and less likely to have a favorable outlook regarding clinical and research efforts. Participants identified preferred strategies to mitigate challenges. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted pediatric faculty productivity with the greatest effects on those with increased caregiving responsibilities. COVID-19 was particularly disruptive to research outlook. Mitigation strategies are needed to minimize the long-term impacts on academic pediatric careers. IMPACT The COVID-19 pandemic most negatively impacted work productivity of academic pediatric faculty with caregiving responsibilities. COVID-19 was particularly disruptive to short-term (1-year) research outlook among pediatric faculty. Faculty identified mitigation strategies to minimize the long-term impacts of the pandemic on academic pediatric career pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresia M O'Connor
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Division of Academic General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Milenka Cuevas Guaman
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kimberly A Randell
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA
- University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Heather T Keenan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jessica Snowden
- Section of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas Medical School, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Jennifer W Mack
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Camp
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Oriana Perez
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael L Chang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, UT Health Houston McGovern Medical School and Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Angela L Myers
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA
- University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Lise E Nigrovic
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer O'Toole
- Department of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Hospital Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- UC Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer L Reed
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Division of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jennifer Reese
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Abby R Rosenberg
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology & Palliative Care, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anne C Slater
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Susan H Wootton
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, UT Health Houston McGovern Medical School and Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sonja I Ziniel
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - H Joseph Yost
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Kristy O Murray
- Division of Tropical Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lara Shekerdemian
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Corrie E Chumpitazi
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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O'Connor M, McNulty JP. Radiography students' viewpoints of the clinical learning environment: A cross-sectional study. Radiography (Lond) 2024; 30:367-374. [PMID: 38141430 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The quality of clinical learning environments (CLEs) impact learners' experience and competence development. Objective instruments have been developed to evaluate CLEs from the perspective of medical and nursing students. No such instruments have been used in Radiography. METHODS Radiography students' perspectives of CLEs were investigated using the validated Undergraduate Clinical Education Environment Measure (UCEEM). Undergraduate (UG) (n = 365) and graduate entry (GE) radiography students (n = 45) from an Irish university were invited to participate. CLEs consisted of 25 public and 10 private hospitals. The UCEEM contains 26 items under two overarching dimensions, experiential learning and social participation, with four subscales: opportunities to learn in and through work and quality of supervision; preparedness for student entry; workplace interaction patterns and student inclusion; and equal treatment. RESULTS Two hundred and ten students participated (response rate 52.4%; n = 185 UG, n = 30 GE), most of whom were based in public hospitals (87.4%). The mean UCEEM score was 107.5 ± 17.7 (optimal range: 90-125). Experiential learning and social participation were scored 74.2 ± 12.5 (optimal range: 60-85) and 33.37 ± 6.29 (optimal range: 30-40), respectively. Private hospitals ranked slightly higher than public hospitals for 'opportunities to learn in and through work and quality of supervision' (p = 0.018). Items ranked highest related to 'equal treatment' and 'opportunity to put theory into practice'. Clinical supervision-related items were scored highest by first-year students. CONCLUSION High UCEEM scores indicate radiography students' positive perceptions of their CLEs, particularly regarding equality and experiential learning. Findings support the expansion of radiography placement to include public and private hospitals. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The UCEEM is a theoretically robust, validated tool which appears suitable for evaluating radiography CLEs. This study provides valuable baseline data for comparison of Radiography CLEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O'Connor
- Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin Ireland.
| | - J P McNulty
- Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin Ireland
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Kaifi R, Subahi A, Alqarni S, Jaddawi A, Alghamdi A, Alshamrani KM. The Impact of COVID-19 on Radiological Science Students and Interns at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences: Cross-Sectional Study. Adv Med Educ Pract 2023; 14:563-571. [PMID: 37305167 PMCID: PMC10257397 DOI: 10.2147/amep.s407289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak on many parts of our lives cannot be overstated. This study aimed to identify the psychological, physical activity, and educational effects of COVID-19 on radiological sciences students and interns at the three campuses of King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Jeddah, and Alahsa. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between November and December 2021 among Saudi-108 radiological sciences students and interns using non-probability convenient sampling at King Saud bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Science (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Jeddah, and Alahsa using a validated questionnaire. Statistical analyses were conducted using Excel and JMP statistical software. Results 102 out of 108 completed the questionnaire resulting in a 94.44% response rate. The percentage of the overall negative psychological impact was 62%. For the physical activity effects of COVID-19 among students and interns, 96% reported a decline in their physical activities. 77% of participants reported a fair impression that the students were able to achieve some of their academic goals and acquired new skills during the pandemic, and 20% reported a good impression. They achieved all their goals and developed new skills, whereas 3% reported bad impressions and needed to achieve their goals or improve their skills. Conclusion COVID-19 had a negative psychological and physical activity impact on RADs students and interns at the three KSAU-HS campuses in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Despite technical difficulties, students and interns reported positive academic outcomes from COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham Kaifi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Imaging Department, Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Subahi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, National Guard, Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salem Alqarni
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Jaddawi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alghamdi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid M Alshamrani
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Imaging Department, Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia
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Kim Y, Yang SC, Jang J, Park SY, Kim SS, Kim C, Kwon D, Lee SW. COVID-19 Cases and Deaths among Healthcare Personnel with the Progression of the Pandemic in Korea from March 2020 to February 2022. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:308. [PMID: 37368726 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8060308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthcare personnel (HCP) are vulnerable to COVID-19 infection due to their higher risk of contact with infected persons. The numbers of cases and deaths among HCP in Korea were divided into four periods associated with different major variants of SARS-CoV-2: GH clade, Alpha, Delta, and Omicron. To evaluate the implication of HCP infection in Korea, we overviewed the pandemic status in Korea and in other countries: the cases, deaths, excess mortality, and vaccination rates in Germany, Israel, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. In about two years, there were 10,670 HCP cases among all COVID-19 cases (1.15% of 925,975 cases). HCP cases had a lower death rate (%) compared to that for all cases (0.14 versus 0.75). Nurses were the most infected (55.3%), followed by HCP of other categories (28.8%) and doctors (15.9%), while deaths were mostly reported among doctors (9 out of 15, 60%). Cases among HCP gradually increased, but the death rate decreased as the pandemic progressed. Compared to five of the other countries examined, Korea had a higher incidence of cases but a lower mortality, lower excess mortality, and a higher vaccination rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeonju Kim
- Division of Public Health Emergency Response Research, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA), Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Chan Yang
- Division of Public Health Emergency Response Research, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA), Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhwa Jang
- Division of Public Health Emergency Response Research, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA), Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Young Park
- Division of Public Health Emergency Response Research, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA), Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Sun Kim
- Division of Public Health Emergency Response Research, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA), Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Chansoo Kim
- AI/R Lab, AI-Robot Department, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- AI/R Lab, Computational Science Center & ASSIST, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyok Kwon
- Division of Public Health Emergency Response Research, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA), Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
- Division of Epidemiological Investigation Analysis, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA), Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Won Lee
- Public Health Emergency Preparedness, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA), Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea
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O'Connor M, Lunney A, Kearney D, Murphy S. A qualitative analysis of radiography students' reflective essays regarding their experience of clinical placement during the COVID-19 pandemic. Radiography (Lond) 2023; 29:436-441. [PMID: 36809690 PMCID: PMC9899769 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2023.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted healthcare services and clinical placement for healthcare students. There is a paucity of qualitative research into radiography students' experiences of clinical placement during the pandemic. METHOD Students in stages three and four of a 4-year BSc Radiography degree in Ireland wrote reflective essays regarding their experience of clinical placement during the COVID-19 healthcare crisis. Permission was granted by 108 radiography students and recent graduates for their reflections to be analysed as part of this study. A thematic approach to data analysis was used, allowing themes to emerge from the reflective essays. Two researchers independently coded each reflective essay using the Braun and Clarke model. RESULTS Four themes were highlighted; 1) Challenges associated with undertaking clinical placement during the pandemic, such as reduced patient throughput and PPE-related communication barriers; 2) Benefits of clinical placement during the pandemic, in terms of personal and professional development and completing degree requirements to graduate without delay; 3) Emotional impact and 4) Supporting students in clinical practice. Students recognised their resilience and felt proud of their contribution during this healthcare crisis but feared transmitting COVID-19 to family. Educational and emotional support provided by tutors, clinical staff and the university was deemed essential by students during this placement. CONCLUSIONS Despite the pressure hospitals were under during the pandemic, students had positive clinical placement experiences and perceived these experiences to have contributed to their professional and personal growth. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE This study supports the argument for clinical placements to continue throughout healthcare crisis periods, albeit with additional learning and emotional support in place. Clinical placement experiences during the pandemic prompted a deep sense of pride amongst radiography students in their profession and contributed to the development of professional identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O'Connor
- Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - A Lunney
- Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D Kearney
- Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Murphy
- Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College, Dublin, Ireland
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O'Connor M, Lunney A, Potocnik J, Kearney D, Grehan J. Supporting radiography clinical placements in Ireland during the COVID-19 pandemic: The practice educators perspective. Radiography (Lond) 2023; 29:379-384. [PMID: 36773465 PMCID: PMC9892332 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2023.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted healthcare services and the clinical learning environment. Several studies have investigated radiography students' experiences of clinical placement during the pandemic; however, few have investigated the Clinical Practice Educator's (CPEs) perspective. CPEs play a pivotal role in supporting clinical education. METHOD A qualitative study was conducted using a purposeful sample of twenty-two CPEs, each working in a different Irish hospital. Four semi-structured focus groups were used to gather data. To maintain reasonable homogeneity, CPEs who were new to the role (n = 8) were assigned a separate focus group from experienced CPEs (n = 14). Inductive thematic analysis was applied. RESULTS CPEs experienced role expansion, particularly in managerial and administrative aspects of the role. They described arranging COVID-19 vaccinations locally for radiography students and the complexities of student rostering during the pandemic. CPEs perceived the pandemic to have impacted students' emotional wellbeing with 'high anxiety levels' and 'loneliness' being reported. They also perceived issues with clinical readiness and the student transition to clinical practice. Many challenges were faced by CPEs including arranging clinical recovery time for numerous students when sites were already at full capacity, fewer learning opportunities due to decreased patient throughput and range of imaging examinations, social distancing constraints, resistance from staff to student placements, and a shortage of staff for student supervision. Flexibility, communication, and multi-level support helped CPEs to fulfil their role. CONCLUSION The results provide insight into how CPEs supported radiography clinical placements during the pandemic and into the challenges faced by CPEs in their role. CPEs supported student placement through multi-level communication, teamwork, flexibility, and student advocacy. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE This will aid understanding of the support mechanisms needed by CPEs to provide quality clinical placements.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O'Connor
- Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin Ireland.
| | - A Lunney
- Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin Ireland
| | - J Potocnik
- Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin Ireland
| | - D Kearney
- Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin Ireland
| | - J Grehan
- Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin Ireland
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Dedeilia A, Papapanou M, Papadopoulos AN, Karela NR, Androutsou A, Mitsopoulou D, Nikolakea M, Konstantinidis C, Papageorgakopoulou M, Sideris M, Johnson EO, Fitzpatrick S, Cometto G, Campbell J, Sotiropoulos MG. Health worker education during the COVID-19 pandemic: global disruption, responses and lessons for the future-a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Resour Health 2023; 21:13. [PMID: 36829158 PMCID: PMC9951171 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-023-00799-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This systematic review and meta-analysis identified early evidence quantifying the disruption to the education of health workers by the COVID-19 pandemic, ensuing policy responses and their outcomes. METHODS Following a pre-registered protocol and PRISMA/AMSTAR-2 guidelines, we systematically screened MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, CENTRAL, clinicaltrials.gov and Google Scholar from January 2020 to July 2022. We pooled proportion estimates via random-effects meta-analyses and explored subgroup differences by gender, occupational group, training stage, WHO regions/continents, and study end-year. We assessed risk of bias (Newcastle-Ottawa scale for observational studies, RοB2 for randomized controlled trials [RCT]) and rated evidence certainty using GRADE. RESULTS Of the 171 489 publications screened, 2 249 were eligible, incorporating 2 212 observational studies and 37 RCTs, representing feedback from 1 109 818 learners and 22 204 faculty. The sample mostly consisted of undergraduates, medical doctors, and studies from institutions in Asia. Perceived training disruption was estimated at 71.1% (95% confidence interval 67.9-74.2) and learner redeployment at 29.2% (25.3-33.2). About one in three learners screened positive for anxiety (32.3%, 28.5-36.2), depression (32.0%, 27.9-36.2), burnout (38.8%, 33.4-44.3) or insomnia (30.9%, 20.8-41.9). Policy responses included shifting to online learning, innovations in assessment, COVID-19-specific courses, volunteerism, and measures for learner safety. For outcomes of policy responses, most of the literature related to perceptions and preferences. More than two-thirds of learners (75.9%, 74.2-77.7) were satisfied with online learning (postgraduates more than undergraduates), while faculty satisfaction rate was slightly lower (71.8%, 66.7-76.7). Learners preferred an in-person component: blended learning 56.0% (51.2-60.7), face-to-face 48.8% (45.4-52.1), and online-only 32.0% (29.3-34.8). They supported continuation of the virtual format as part of a blended system (68.1%, 64.6-71.5). Subgroup differences provided valuable insights despite not resolving the considerable heterogeneity. All outcomes were assessed as very-low-certainty evidence. CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic has severely disrupted health worker education, inflicting a substantial mental health burden on learners. Its impacts on career choices, volunteerism, pedagogical approaches and mental health of learners have implications for educational design, measures to protect and support learners, faculty and health workers, and workforce planning. Online learning may achieve learner satisfaction as part of a short-term solution or integrated into a blended model in the post-pandemic future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Dedeilia
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- HEALth Workforce Education (HEAL-Edu) Study Group, Athens, Greece
| | - Michail Papapanou
- HEALth Workforce Education (HEAL-Edu) Study Group, Athens, Greece
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Society of Junior Doctors (SJD), Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas N Papadopoulos
- HEALth Workforce Education (HEAL-Edu) Study Group, Athens, Greece
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nina-Rafailia Karela
- HEALth Workforce Education (HEAL-Edu) Study Group, Athens, Greece
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Androutsou
- HEALth Workforce Education (HEAL-Edu) Study Group, Athens, Greece
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitra Mitsopoulou
- HEALth Workforce Education (HEAL-Edu) Study Group, Athens, Greece
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Melina Nikolakea
- HEALth Workforce Education (HEAL-Edu) Study Group, Athens, Greece
- School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Konstantinidis
- HEALth Workforce Education (HEAL-Edu) Study Group, Athens, Greece
- School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Manthia Papageorgakopoulou
- HEALth Workforce Education (HEAL-Edu) Study Group, Athens, Greece
- School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Michail Sideris
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Giorgio Cometto
- Health Workforce Department, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jim Campbell
- Health Workforce Department, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marinos G Sotiropoulos
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- HEALth Workforce Education (HEAL-Edu) Study Group, Athens, Greece.
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, WACC721, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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Hinds Z, Lockwood P. A cross-sectional student survey of the impact of the Covid-19 lockdowns on clinical placement in England. Radiography (Lond) 2023; 29:190-199. [PMID: 36476513 PMCID: PMC9691445 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clinical placement is an essential aspect of student radiographers' training. The Covid-19 pandemic proved challenging for diagnostic radiography students disrupting clinical placements. This study aims to explore the impact of Covid-19 on first and second year student diagnostic radiographers' in clinical practice during the Covid-19 lockdown periods and Covid-19 waves in England. METHOD A cross-sectional online survey was used to attain quantitative attitudinal 5-point Likert and qualitative free-text response data. Descriptive and inferential statistics data analysis applied the Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test. The qualitative data were thematically coded and analysed for patterns of reoccurring themes. RESULTS There were n = 85 responses from n = 9 different counties within England. Students reported missing between n = 1-14 weeks of placement. There was a lack of (41%; n = 35) or limited radiography staff (21%; n = 18) in the clinical departments and a lack of a range of X-ray examinations available (67%; n = 57) during the Covid-19 lockdowns, which affected completing practice assessments. Negative effects included stress, anxiety and worry (68%; n = 58); positive effects included team working (16.4%; n = 14), learning to work under pressure (12.9%; n = 11), and preparation for qualifying (8.2%; n = 7). CONCLUSIONS This study identified that students needed more support in this critical aspect of their training. There were both positive and negative responses; notably, the results highlight how the Covid-19 lockdowns have strained the National Health Service (NHS) and adversely affected radiography students. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The findings underscore the need for university educators and student liaison radiographers within hospitals to have an awareness of the mental health and practical learning needs of the students they are instructing post-Covid-19 lockdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Hinds
- Radiology, Princess Royal University Hospital, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Farnborough Common, Kent, United Kingdom
| | - P. Lockwood
- School of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Social Care, Canterbury Christ Church University, Kent, United Kingdom,Corresponding author
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10
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Weerakoon BS, Chandrasiri NR. Anxiety, Depression, and Stress among Radiography Undergraduates During the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2022.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has severely impacted education and other aspects of life, causing psychological distress. The current study aims to identify anxiety, depression, and stress among radiography undergraduates during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted between November and December 2021 on a sample of 140 radiography undergraduates at the Department of Radiography/Radiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of xxx, xx. An online survey with two sections: demographic characteristics and a psychometric scale (DASS-42) was used for data collection. Results A total of 107 undergraduates responded to the questionnaire giving a response rate of 76.2%. The results revealed that the majority of radiography undergraduate students suffered from mild to extremely severe depression (87.85%), anxiety (92.52%), and stress (73.83%) levels. In addition, more than two-thirds of the students (>73 % of participants) reported at least one symptom of depression, anxiety, or stress to varying degrees. Scores for depression, anxiety, and stress did not differ significantly across gender and academic year. However, a significant difference was observed between the two age groups, 23-26 years and > 27 years, regarding depression. The older students reported severe depression, whereas younger students reported moderate depression. Conclusion A high prevalence of negative psychological impact was observed among radiography undergraduates during the COVID-19 pandemic. This necessitates taking proactive steps to address, safeguard, and nurture undergraduates’ mental health and well-being during the current and future pandemic crises to mitigate the negative impacts.
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11
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Implications of COVID-19 on the Teaching and Learning of Undergraduate Medical Imaging Students. Cureus 2022; 14:e32077. [PMID: 36600822 PMCID: PMC9803859 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
To preserve public health and prevent the spread of COVID-19, academic institutions curtailed face-to-face instruction and learning after the outbreak. The traditional techniques for education were modified, and new ways of instructing students were implemented. It presented a number of difficulties for the educational system, particularly for universities offering healthcare education. Therefore, the aim of this research was to look into how COVID-19 affected the teaching and learning of undergraduate medical imaging students. The ScienceDirect, Oxford University Press Journals, Cambridge University Press Journals, and Taylor & Francis Online databases were searched, and a total of 14 papers met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were selected for further analysis. The literature was analyzed using a thematic approach, with recurring themes brought to light. The effects of COVID-19 on medical imaging education include but are not limited to the more rapid adoption of online education and new approaches to assessing and guiding students. Online teaching for medical imaging students influenced their learning environment, interaction, and motivation. The new COVID-19 safety requirements and procedures in hospitals have profoundly impacted clinical practice. Additionally, students' research activities were also affected. We anticipate that the findings of this study will enable us to be better equipped to assist students in comparable circumstances in the future.
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12
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Lawal O, Omiyi D, York H, Akudjedu TN. Towards describing the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinical radiography education: A systematic review. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2022; 53:487-497. [PMID: 35732562 PMCID: PMC9149048 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The sudden onset of the COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant and rapid changes to the traditional ways of providing radiography education, including adaptations to teaching and learning styles as well as disruptions to students’ clinical placement. This review explored the impact of the pandemic on clinical radiography education globally. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted on relevant databases, including PubMed, Science Direct, CINAHL (Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and SCOPUS. All relevant articles were critically appraised for quality and subjected to information extraction and results-based convergent synthesis. Results A total of 17 articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for this review. The key findings are themed around challenges and benefits with the introduction of new teaching and learning approaches and resilience exhibited by students during the pandemic to overcome: inadequate support and mentorship while transitioning to fully qualified professionals, challenges with PPE usage, and impact on personal and academic life. Conclusions Globally, radiography students experienced several challenges, especially during the initial acute phase of the pandemic. The pandemic-related challenges identified in this review could negatively influence the radiography student attrition rates, consequently worsening the existing radiography workforce shortage. Thus, urgent institutional level support systems and interventions would be necessary to mitigate the pandemic impact and improve the students' learning experience.
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13
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Elshami W, Abuzaid MM, McConnell J, Floyd M, Hughes D, Stewart S, McFadden S. The impact of COVID-19 on the clinical experience and training of undergraduate Student radiographers internationally: The clinical tutors' perspective. Radiography (Lond) 2022; 28 Suppl 1:S59-S67. [PMID: 35987883 PMCID: PMC9385275 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2022.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The impact on the clinical training and education of healthcare students by COVID-19 has been documented. However, the thoughts and experiences of clinical tutors (CTs) about radiography students attending for clinical training and education during this now elongated period beyond first recognition of the virus has not been explored. This paper will discuss data collected from CTs in the UK Devolved Nations (UKDN) and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) who were compared because of their similarities in delivery based on individual ‘rules of engagement’ devised by their various health departments. Aim The purpose of this study was to examine the clinical tutors' thoughts and experiences of supervising radiography students attending clinical placement during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods The UK Devolved Nations (UKDN) and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) were selected for comparison on an international level as they are geographically distinct with a comparable population and education accredited/acknowledged by the Society and College of Radiographers (SCoR). Data was collected data from CTs across the UKDN and the UAE. The study used an online questionnaire (Google Forms) with closed questions in four themes including: students' experiences, impact on students' clinical placement, attitude of the clinical staff and the potential effects of COVID-19 on future graduates’ skills and competencies. Further data was gathered on the experience of CTs mentoring students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results Data were collected from 59 CTs (81%, n = 48) from UKDN and (19%, n = 11) UAE. Twenty-seven (46%) respondents reported that COVID-19 had a negative impact on clinical practical experience. However, 32 (54%) identified that COVID-19 had no impact on student supervision/feedback or on clinical achievements. Eleven (19%) respondents thought that students should not have been on clinical placement during the pandemic but a further 51% (n = 30) were happy with the students on placement and expressed willingness to delegate work to students. Interestingly, 58% (n = 34) of CTs suggested that future graduates may need a longer preceptorship after they graduate due to receiving decreased clinical experience during the pandemic. Overall, 78% (n = 46) of respondents thought that students improved their clinical confidence by working directly with COVID-19 positive patients. Conclusion The current study has identified conflicting opinions across CTs in different clinical departments. Whilst some felt that students should not be in the hospital during the pandemic, others reported that working directly with COVID-19 patients had a positive impact on students as it improved their clinical confidence. Despite the challenges presented by COVID-19, CTs were able to provide direct clinical supervision and feedback to students on clinical placement throughout the pandemic. Nevertheless, future graduates may need a longer preceptorship period due to decreased clinical experience during the pandemic. Implications for practice Clinical placements should continue during subsequent COVID-19 waves of infection or future pandemics to ensure development of skills in resilience and adaptability. Underdeveloped skills due to a decreased range of examinations can be rectified when any wave of the infection subsides by providing tailored training based on individual student's needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Elshami
- Medical Diagnostic Imaging Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - M M Abuzaid
- Medical Diagnostic Imaging Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | | | | | - S McFadden
- Diagnostic Radiography and Imaging School of Health Sciences, University of Ulster Shore Road Newtownabbey Co. Antrim, BT37 OQB, UK
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14
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Knapp K, Venner S, McNulty J, Rainford L. The challenges, coping mechanisms, and recovery from the initial waves of the COVID-19 pandemic among academic radiographers. Radiography (Lond) 2022; 28 Suppl 1:S35-S40. [PMID: 35927184 PMCID: PMC9283605 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic arrived in Europe in March 2020 and created major challenges across healthcare provision and for healthcare education programmes as well as having a major impact on society. Within the profession of Radiography changes in medical imaging, radiotherapy, and teaching practices have been reported along with the negative impact on radiographers and students. The aim of this study was to investigate key challenges relating to academic practice during the COIVD-19 pandemic; how radiography academics have coped and to identify recommendations for further support required to facilitate recovery of the academic faculty as the pandemic ebbs. Methods A survey was circulated using SurveyMonkey™ via personal, national and international networks, including the European Federation of Radiographer Societies (EFRS), to reach as many academic radiographers as possible. Open questions relating to the challenges of providing radiography education during the COVID-19 pandemic and the and coping strategies used were included. Thematic analysis was conducted using NVivo (QSR International, MA). Results 533 academic radiographers responded to the whole survey from 43 different countries, with 340 responses relating to challenges and 327 for coping strategies. The main themes for the challenges were clinical practice, communication with colleagues, lack of face to face, managing change, students (support), and staff support. The coping strategy themes were communication with colleagues, physical exercise, self-care and wellbeing. Conclusion These data demonstrate a multitude of challenges for academic radiographers and the pressure they worked under during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic was clear. However, the majority employed healthy coping strategies to help them deal with the pressure, uncertainty and trauma of the situation. Implications for practice COVID-19 had a significant impact on academic radiographers and while many reported good strategies for coping, the level of pressure is unsustainable. This study highlights the need to support academic radiographers to ensure a sustainable workforce.
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15
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Elshami W, Abuzaid MM, McConnell J, Stewart S, Floyd M, Hughes D, McClintick C, Eckloff K, Leishman L, McFadden S. The Radiography students’ perspective of the impact of COVID-19 on education and training internationally: a across sectional survey of the UK Devolved Nations (UKDN) and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Radiography (Lond) 2022; 28 Suppl 1:S50-S58. [PMID: 35989145 PMCID: PMC9293787 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2022.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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16
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Knapp KM, Venner S, McNulty JP, Rainford LA. The risk of burnout in academic radiographers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Radiography (Lond) 2022; 28:1010-1015. [PMID: 35926446 PMCID: PMC9247227 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2022.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic created major challenges across society, healthcare provision and also for those delivering healthcare education programmes. Clinical placements were disrupted and, in many incidences cancelled. Higher education institutions were required to move completely to online delivery methods with little notice. This created significant additional workload, stress and the need to learn new skills at a time of great uncertainty. This study explored the risks of burnout in academic radiographers during the first 12 months of the pandemic. Methods A survey was circulated using SurveyMonkey™ via personal, national and international networks, including the European Federation of Radiographer Societies (EFRS), to reach as many academic radiographers as possible. Disengagement and exhaustion were measured using the Oldenburg burnout inventory. Descriptive statistics and a one-way ANOVA were used to analyse the quantitative data using STATA V16 (Statacorp, TA). Results 533 academic radiographers responded to the survey from 43 different countries. Mean disengagement was in the medium range and exhaustion was high for the total dataset. In a subset of countries with 10 or more responses, there was significant variation between countries, with the UK having highest mean exhaustion score and the UK, Ireland and France sharing the highest mean disengagement score. In the total dataset, 86% agreed workload had increased during the pandemic and 35% had considered leaving academia in the last year. Conclusion These data demonstrate the stark reality of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on academic radiographers’ workload, wellbeing, and intention to leave their roles. Implications for practice COVID-19 has had a significant impact on academic radiographers and this study highlights the urgent need for remedial measures to better support academic radiographers in order to ensure a sufficient, and sustainable workforce.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Knapp
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, UK.
| | - S Venner
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, UK.
| | - J P McNulty
- Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - L A Rainford
- Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland.
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17
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Solís-Barquero SM, Rodríguez Valerio MP, McNulty JP, Riquelme Contreras PF, Ríos J, González H, Olmedo Raza NB, Ezquerra VH, Rainford LA. The impact of COVID-19 upon student radiographers and clinical training in Latin America. Radiography (Lond) 2022; 28:933-942. [PMID: 35830788 PMCID: PMC9212899 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2022.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S M Solís-Barquero
- Dep. Imagenología Diagnóstica y Terapéutica, Escuela de Tecnologías en Salud, Universidad de Costa Rica, Costa Rica.
| | - M P Rodríguez Valerio
- Dep. Imagenología Diagnóstica y Terapéutica, Escuela de Tecnologías en Salud, Universidad de Costa Rica, Costa Rica
| | - J P McNulty
- Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - J Ríos
- Dep. Tecnicatura Universitaria en Diagnóstico por Imágenes, Escuela de Técnicos Asistenciales en Salud, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Argentina
| | - H González
- Dep. Tecnología en Radiología e Imágenes Diagnósticas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y del Deporte, Fundación Universitaria Del Área Andina, Colombia
| | - N B Olmedo Raza
- Dep. Imagenología y Radiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Central de Ecuador, Ecuador
| | - V H Ezquerra
- Dep. Imagenología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Uruguay
| | - L A Rainford
- Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland
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18
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Astirbadi D, Lockwood P. COVID-19: A literature review of the impact on diagnostic radiography students. Radiography (Lond) 2022; 28:553-559. [PMID: 34607744 PMCID: PMC8479461 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COVID-19 is a highly contagious viral disease declared a global pandemic in March 2020. Throughout the pandemic, radiography students have been working in hospitals on the frontline. The review aimed to search for evidence of the impact COVID-19 has had on diagnostic radiography students and consider whether additional support and learning needs to be implemented. METHODS A literature search strategy applied keywords, BOOLEAN search operators, and eligibility criteria on PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar databases. Cormack's (2000) critique framework was chosen to methodologically appraise the mixed-method studies to evaluate the quality, validity and rigour. RESULTS The search decisions were displayed in a PRISMA flowchart to evidence the process to identify the found articles comprised of two surveys, two semi-structured interviews and one case study. The findings identified common and reoccurring themes of personal protective equipment, mental wellbeing, accommodation and travel, assessments and learning, and transitioning to registration. CONCLUSION The literature suggests that students felt positive impacts of the pandemic, such as being prepared for registration. However, negative effects included the fear of contracting the virus, anxieties of working with ill patients, impracticalities of accommodation and travel during clinical placement, and the adaption to online learning. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Clinical staff and universities need to work together to ensure students are mentally and physically supported during the pandemic. Regular meetings and agreed channels of communication with students will allow any issues to be brought to attention and addressed. In addition, employers should recognise that newly qualified radiographers will need extra support.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Astirbadi
- Imaging Department, Medway Maritime Hospital, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham, Kent, United Kingdom
| | - P. Lockwood
- School of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Social Care, Canterbury Christ Church University, Kent, United Kingdom,Corresponding author
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19
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Short M, Giles E. Innovative strategies implemented by universities to support medical radiation science students during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Med Radiat Sci 2021; 68:482-488. [PMID: 34726830 PMCID: PMC8656190 DOI: 10.1002/jmrs.558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The global COVID-19 pandemic has impacted all facets of life. In medical radiation science (MRS) education, the effects on continuity of learning were felt by educators, students and clinical supervisors both nationally and internationally. The focus of this commentary is on the common elements that impacted MRS students, specifically related to cancelled clinical placements and the interruption to their academic progress at university. An outline is provided of some innovative strategies implemented by universities and clinical departments to support students' academic progress, continuity of clinical experiences, their transition from students to practitioners and overall strategies to support student wellbeing. The recent published literature illustrates novel responses to shared challenges faced, and an opportunity to learn from collective experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michala Short
- UniSA Cancer Research Institute and UniSA Allied Health and Human PerformanceUniversity of South AustraliaAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Eileen Giles
- UniSA Cancer Research Institute and UniSA Allied Health and Human PerformanceUniversity of South AustraliaAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
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20
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Zanardo M, Cornacchione P, Marconi E, Dinapoli L, Fellin F, Gerasia R, Monti CB, Sardanelli F, Tagliaferri L, Jereczek-Fossa BA, Gambacorta MA. Occupational burnout among radiation therapy technologists in Italy before and during COVID-19 pandemic. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2021; 53:58-64. [PMID: 35115275 PMCID: PMC8763333 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Radiation therapy technologists (RTTs) are exposed to high stress levels which may lead to burnout, which could be further increased by the current pandemic. The aim of our study was to assess burnout and stress among Italian RTTs before and during the pandemic. Methods The Italian Association of Radiation Therapy and Medical Physics Technologists (AITRO) and the Italian Federation of Scientific Radiographers Societies (FASTeR) proposed a national online survey, including the Maslach Burnout Inventory assessing emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalisation (DP), and personal accomplishment (PA) to RTTs before and during the pandemic. Multivariate regression analyses and χ2 tests were used for data analysis. Results We obtained 367 answers, 246 before and 121 during the pandemic. RTTs before and during the pandemic showed high EE and DP, intermediate PA. Median EE was 37 (interquartile range [IQR] 31–46] before and 37 (IQR 30–43) during the pandemic, median DP was 16 (IQR 13–21) and 15 (IQR 12–20), respectively. PA was 31 (IQR 28–34) and 32 (IQR 28–34), respectively. Through multivariate analysis, being female and having children led to higher EE scores before and during the pandemic (p≤0.026). Only the presence of workplace stress management courses was related to lower DP before and being female was related to higher DP during the pandemic (p<0.001). Being female, having children, and working with paediatric patients were related to lower PA before and during the pandemic (p≤0.015). Conclusion Our study highlighted high burnout levels for RTTs regardless of the pandemic. Future interventions aimed at preventing burnout should be implemented in their work environment, independently of the impact of exceptional events.
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21
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Palmaria C, Osmar K. COVID-19 stories of success: Teaching and learning in a clinical setting during a pandemic. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2021; 52:505-510. [PMID: 34353753 PMCID: PMC8249709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic halted in-person activities in universities and caused disruption in the usual iteration of the semesters. When the clinical environment resumed student placement, the potential health risks caused additional anxiety to the students and clinical faculty. This paper aims to examine the measures implemented to support the radiation therapy students during their first clinical placement during the COVID-19 pandemic. BACKGROUND The 2nd year radiation therapy students' first clinical placement was organized around pandemic restrictions that required new activities to support student safety and wellness. The clinical faculty team redesigned the clinical course to integrate enhanced communication, additional safety measures and mental wellness sessions, as well as making COVID-19 related resources available during the week-long orientation and throughout the semester. METHODS Registered students were asked to participate in a 9-item survey questionnaire to gather their perspective on the effectiveness of the orientation and clinical activities during the pandemic. The responses were tabulated and independently analyzed for emergent themes by the clinical faculty. DISCUSSION The students reported that the combination of activities, workshops, exposure to the treatment unit and feedback from both clinical faculty and learning mentors provided the support needed for physical safety and wellness in the clinic. Identified challenges included communication with continuous masking, the timeliness of communicating evolving clinical safety protocols, and the need for enhanced coordination of interprofessional education. CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic brought new challenges and opportunities for students and clinical faculty at the University of Alberta's Radiation Therapy department. The results of the quality improvement survey highlighted the importance and effectiveness of the redesigned clinical course, which integrated COVID-19 related activities, enhanced communication strategies, safety, wellness resources and check-ins throughout the course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Palmaria
- Faculty Service Officer, Radiation Therapy Program, Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 3-12 University Terrace, 8303-112 Street NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2T4, Canada.
| | - Kari Osmar
- Faculty Service Officer, Radiation Therapy Program, Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 3-12 University Terrace, 8303-112 Street NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2T4, Canada.
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22
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Majumder MAA, Gaur U, Singh K, Kandamaran L, Gupta S, Haque M, Rahman S, Sa B, Rahman M, Rampersad F. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on radiology education, training, and practice: A narrative review. World J Radiol 2021; 13:354-370. [PMID: 34904050 PMCID: PMC8637607 DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v13.i11.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiology education and training is of paramount clinical importance given the prominence of medical imaging utilization in effective clinical practice. The incorporation of basic radiology in the medical curriculum has continued to evolve, focusing on teaching image interpretation skills, the appropriate ordering of radiological investigations, judicious use of ionizing radiation, and providing exposure to interventional radiology. Advancements in radiology have been driven by the digital revolution, which has, in turn, had a positive impact on radiology education and training. Upon the advent of the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, many training institutions and hospitals adhered to directives which advised rescheduling of non-urgent outpatient appointments. This inevitably impacted the workflow of the radiology department, which resulted in the reduction of clinical in-person case reviews and consultations, as well as in-person teaching sessions. Several medical schools and research centers completely suspended face-to-face academic activity. This led to challenges for medical teachers to complete the radiology syllabus while ensuring that teaching activities continued safely and effectively. As a result, online teaching platforms have virtually replaced didactic face-to-face lectures. Radiology educators also sought other strategies to incorporate interactive teaching sessions while adopting the e-learning approach, as they were cognizant of the limitations that this may have on students’ clinical expertise. Migration to online methods to review live cases, journal clubs, simulation-based training, clinical interaction, and radiology examination protocolling are a few examples of successfully addressing the limitations in reduced clinical exposure. In this review paper, we discuss (1) The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on radiology education, training, and practice; (2) Challenges and strategies involved in delivering online radiology education for undergraduates and postgraduates during the COVID-19 pandemic; and (3) Difference between the implementation of radiology education during the COVID-19 pandemic and pre-COVID-19 era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Anwarul Azim Majumder
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Cave Hill BB23034, Barbados
| | - Uma Gaur
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Cave Hill BB23034, Barbados
| | - Keerti Singh
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Cave Hill BB23034, Barbados
| | - Latha Kandamaran
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Cave Hill BB23034, Barbados
| | - Subir Gupta
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Cave Hill BB23034, Barbados
| | - Mainul Haque
- Unit of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia (National Defence University of Malaysia), Kem Perdana Sugai Besi, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Sayeeda Rahman
- School of Medicine, American University of Integrative Sciences (AUIS), Bridgetown BB11318, Barbados
| | - Bidyadhar Sa
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St Augustine Campus, St Augustine 33178, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Mizanur Rahman
- Principal's Office, International Medical College, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Fidel Rampersad
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St Augustine Campus, St Augustine 33178, Trinidad and Tobago
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Ofori-Manteaw BB, Dzidzornu E, Akudjedu TN. Impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on clinical radiography education: Perspective of students and educators from a low resource setting. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2021; 53:51-57. [PMID: 34857497 PMCID: PMC8603034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has had significant impact on clinical radiography educational activities including teaching, research, and clinical placement. The study aimed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinical radiography education in a low-resource setting from the perspectives of students and educators. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between December 2020 and March 2021. Participants included student radiographers and educators from six clinical radiography training institutions in Ghana. Conventional descriptive statistics, frequency, and thematic text analysis were undertaken. Results 291 valid responses were received involving 277 students and 14 educators. Most of the respondents, predominantly students did not find the online platforms for learning user-friendly. Key challenges to clinical radiography training during the pandemic included poor internet connectivity (73.8%), inadequate time for academic discussions (50.9%), and the reluctance of health facilities to accept students for clinical placement (51%). Challenges with data collection and the provision of supervision were issues associated with research activities. Discussion The findings suggest the COVID-19 pandemic has had significant impact on clinical radiography education in Ghana and other countries of similar resource availability. Conclusion Clinical radiography training institutions need to customize approaches to education. Adopting blended learning approaches as well as the use of simulation to augment practical placement opportunities are new modes of instruction that will maximize learning experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bismark Bright Ofori-Manteaw
- Department of Medical Imaging, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.
| | - Elizabeth Dzidzornu
- Department of Medical Imaging, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.
| | - Theophilus N Akudjedu
- Institute of Medical Imaging & Visualisation (IMIV), Department of Medical Science & Public Health, Faculty of Health & Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, UK.
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Maietti E, Greco M, Reno C, Rallo F, Trerè D, Savoia E, Fantini MP, Scheier LM, Gori D. Assessing the Role of Trust in Information Sources, Adoption of Preventive Practices, Volunteering and Degree of Training on Biological Risk Prevention, on Perceived Risk of Infection and Usage of Personal Protective Equipment Among Italian Medical Students During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic. Front Public Health 2021; 9:746387. [PMID: 34778180 PMCID: PMC8581255 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.746387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: During the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, the University of Bologna Medical School surveyed medical students to learn more about their preparation to confront challenges posed by the pandemic and whether it affects perceptions of viral infection risk. This information could help design risk-reduction interventions with training to mitigate possible viral exposure. Method: A cross-sectional online survey examining students' characteristics, volunteer status, adoption of evidence-based preventive measures, trust in information sources used, infectious disease training, and knowledge of PPE usage in relation to perceived risk of infection from SARS-CoV-2 in daily living, academic, and healthcare activities. A multivariate path model estimated the simultaneous influences of all exogenous factors on perceived risk. A Poisson regression model assessed the same multivariate effects on knowledge of PPE usage. Results: The analysis sample included 537 respondents. Perceived risk of infection was highest in hospital activities. On average, students were able to use only four out of seven types of PPE albeit they adopted most of the evidence-based preventive measures. Adoption of preventive measures was positively associated with perceived risk of COVID infection. Conversely, training on PPE usage and volunteer work were associated with lower perceived risk in healthcare setting and higher PPE knowledge. Conclusion: Implementing early safety-based educational programs remedy students' lack of knowledge in infectious disease prevention and mitigate their risk of infection. Voluntary work should be encouraged with potential benefit for both their continued medical training and strengthening the healthcare system's response to public health emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Maietti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manfredi Greco
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Reno
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Flavia Rallo
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Davide Trerè
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialistic Medicine, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Savoia
- Emergency Preparedness Research Evaluation & Practice Program, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Maria Pia Fantini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lawrence M Scheier
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,LARS Research Institute, Prevention Strategies, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Davide Gori
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Tay YX, Tan C, Huang Y, Kwek SL, Wei YM, McNulty J. Get comfortable with being uncomfortable: Experiences from diagnostic radiographers a year into the COVID-19 pandemic. J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2021; 52:332-339. [PMID: 34049843 PMCID: PMC8120486 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiang Tay
- Radiography Department, Division of Radiological Sciences, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
| | - Catherine Tan
- Radiography Department, Division of Radiological Sciences, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Yanglin Huang
- Radiography Department, Division of Radiological Sciences, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Shi Ling Kwek
- Radiography Department, Division of Radiological Sciences, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Yu-Min Wei
- Radiography Department, Division of Radiological Sciences, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Jonathan McNulty
- Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland
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Ng CKC. A review of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on pre-registration medical radiation science education. Radiography (Lond) 2021; 28:222-231. [PMID: 34393067 PMCID: PMC8332733 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2021.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective The COVID-19 pandemic has changed traditional ways to provide pre-registration medical radiation science (MRS) (medical imaging and radiation therapy) education. This literature review explores the published pre-registration MRS education curriculum adaptations implemented in response to the pandemic and effects of the adaptations on stakeholders. Key findings Eleven articles were identified through a systematic literature search. The included articles covered the pre-registration MRS curriculum adaptations implemented in response to the pandemic in 12 countries of five continents. Through changing content delivery and assessment modes from face-to-face to online, non-practical classes and academic assessments could continue without significant interruptions. However, cancellation/postponement of practical classes and clinical placements was common during COVID-19 lockdown. Simulated learning was used by some institutions to replace some practical classes and placements. Among the stakeholders of MRS education (students, academics and clinical educators), the students were most affected. The main impacts were negative psychological effects and learning experiences. For the academics, they had common concerns about online learning quality and assessment integrity. Conclusion This review of the early publications in the first year of the pandemic provides an illustration of the MRS curriculum adaptations implemented in five continents covering both English and non-English speaking countries and their effects on the stakeholders as yet. It is expected that more articles on this area will be published over time and hence allowing a more comprehensive review in the future. Implications for practice The included articles show provision of wellbeing support, good planning of online content delivery based on sound pedagogical approaches, implementation of computer-based simulation tools suitable for home-based learning environment and use of authentic online assessments would address the impacts on the students and academics.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K C Ng
- Discipline of Medical Radiation Science, Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia, 6845, Australia.
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27
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Tay YX, Kothan S, Kada S, Cai S, Lai CWK. Challenges and optimization strategies in medical imaging service delivery during COVID-19. World J Radiol 2021; 13:102-121. [PMID: 34141091 PMCID: PMC8188837 DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v13.i5.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), medical imaging plays an essential role in the diagnosis, management and disease progression surveillance. Chest radiography and computed tomography are commonly used imaging techniques globally during this pandemic. As the pandemic continues to unfold, many healthcare systems worldwide struggle to balance the heavy strain due to overwhelming demand for healthcare resources. Changes are required across the entire healthcare system and medical imaging departments are no exception. The COVID-19 pandemic had a devastating impact on medical imaging practices. It is now time to pay further attention to the profound challenges of COVID-19 on medical imaging services and develop effective strategies to get ahead of the crisis. Additionally, preparation for operations and survival in the post-pandemic future are necessary considerations. This review aims to comprehensively examine the challenges and optimization of delivering medical imaging services in relation to the current COVID-19 global pandemic, including the role of medical imaging during these challenging times and potential future directions post-COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiang Tay
- Radiography Department, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
| | - Suchart Kothan
- Center of Radiation Research and Medical Imaging, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand
| | - Sundaran Kada
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen Postbox 7030, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Sihui Cai
- Radiography Department, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
| | - Christopher Wai Keung Lai
- Department of Health and Social Sciences, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore 138683, Singapore
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28
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Yasin B, Barlow N, Milner R. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the mental health and work morale of radiographers within a conventional X-ray department. Radiography (Lond) 2021; 27:1064-1072. [PMID: 34023228 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2021.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a plethora of literature that has described the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of healthcare staff worldwide. Our aim was to investigate the physical and mental demands of mobile x-ray imaging on radiographers during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, within a local NHS Trust. METHODS A total of 16 participants from 1 NHS Trust took part within this study. Both quantitative and qualitative data was obtained through an online survey. Statistical data was obtained via the Trust Radiology Information System (RIS). Data was gathered for the thirteen weeks from 23rd March to 21st June 2020 (the first wave); direct comparison was made to the same period in 2019. RESULTS Three key themes emerged from the data. These include mental health challenges/work morale in Radiology, demand of mobile imaging and departmental and Trust-wide mental health support. Results indicate a high demand in mobile imaging which has made a significant difference in the working life of some radiographers. CONCLUSION The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the mental health of a proportion of radiographers at this Trust. Results indicate high workload and demand in mobile imaging has made a significant difference to the working life of radiographers, specifically the ones who were relatively newly qualified. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Two key interventions are proposed from this study. The first one is to provide and promote mental health support within radiology departments. The second is to encourage dual working on mobile x-ray examinations to help manage the emotional and physical burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Yasin
- The Rotherham Foundation NHS Trust, Moorgate Road, Rotherham, South Yorkshire, S60 2UD, UK.
| | - N Barlow
- The Rotherham Foundation NHS Trust, Moorgate Road, Rotherham, South Yorkshire, S60 2UD, UK.
| | - R Milner
- The Rotherham Foundation NHS Trust, Moorgate Road, Rotherham, South Yorkshire, S60 2UD, UK
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McNulty JP, England A, Shanahan MC. International perspectives on radiography practice education. Radiography (Lond) 2021; 27:1044-1051. [PMID: 33934944 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The radiography profession is built upon strong educational foundations which help ensure graduate radiographers have the required knowledge, skills, and competence to practise safely and effectively. Changing clinical practices, service needs, technological developments, regulatory changes, together with our growing professional evidence-base, all contribute to the need for our curricula to responsive and continually reviewed and enhanced. This study aims to explore similarities and differences in training curricula and follows a 2012 global survey on radiography education and more recent surveys undertaken by the European Federation of Radiographer Societies (EFRS). METHODS An online questionnaire, based on previous EFRS education and clinical education surveys, which comprised of open and closed questions and consisted of sections designed to ascertain data on: type, level and duration of education programmes leading to an initial or pre-registration qualification in radiography/medical radiation practice, pre-clinical skill development and clinical placement within programmes. The survey was distributed via social media channels and through an international network of professional societies. Descriptive statistics are reported for most analyses while open questions were analysed thematically. RESULTS Responses were received from 79 individuals from 28 identified countries across four continents. This represented a total of 121 different pre-registration/entry level programmes offered across these institutions. While dedicated diagnostic radiography programmes were most common (42/121), almost one-third of programmes (40/121) offered two or more areas of specialisation within the curriculum. The average of total hours for clinical placement were 1397 h for diagnostic radiography programmes; 1300 h for radiation therapy programmes; 1025 h for nuclear medicine programmes; and 1134 h for combined specialisation programmes, respectively. Institutions provided a range of physical and virtual systems to support pre-clinical skills development. CONCLUSION Around the world, radiography programmes vary considerably in terms of their level, duration, programme type, pre-clinical and clinical training, use of simulation, and also in terms of class sizes, student/staff ratios, and graduate employment prospects. The ability of graduates to work independently in areas covered within their programmes varied considerably. While some changes around simulation use were evident, given the impact of COVID-19 it would be beneficial for future research to investigate if pre-clinical and clinical education hours or use of simulation resources has changed due to the pandemic. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The heterogeneity that exists between radiography programmes presents a significant challenge in terms of the mutual recognition of qualifications and the international movement of the radiographer workforce.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P McNulty
- Radiography and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - A England
- School of Allied Health Professions, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK.
| | - M C Shanahan
- Discipline of Medical Radiation Science, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia.
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30
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Cavalieri S, Spinetta M, Zagaria D, Franchi M, Lavazza G, Nardelli F, Serafini A, Leone R, Messina A, Arpaia F, Buccimazza G, Carriero S, D'Angelo F, Stellato E, Giuri G, Balbi M, Preziosa GC, Parolise M, Pessina C, Romano S, Curti M, Capra D. The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on radiology residents in Northern Italy. Eur Radiol 2021; 31:7077-7087. [PMID: 33755754 PMCID: PMC7986178 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-021-07740-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To assess changes in working patterns and education experienced by radiology residents in Northwest Italy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods An online questionnaire was sent to residents of 9 postgraduate schools in Lombardy and Piedmont, investigating demographics, changes in radiological workload, involvement in COVID-19-related activities, research, distance learning, COVID-19 contacts and infection, changes in training profile, and impact on psychological wellbeing. Descriptive and χ2 statistics were used. Results Among 373 residents invited, 300 (80%) participated. Between March and April 2020, 44% (133/300) of respondents dedicated their full time to radiology; 41% (124/300) engaged in COVID-19-related activities, 73% (90/124) of whom working in COVID-19 wards; 40% (121/300) dedicated > 25% of time to distance learning; and 66% (199/300) were more involved in research activities than before the pandemic. Over half of residents (57%, 171/300) had contacts with COVID-19-positive subjects, 5% (14/300) were infected, and 8% (23/300) lost a loved one due to COVID-19. Only 1% (3/300) of residents stated that, given the implications of this pandemic scenario, they would not have chosen radiology as their specialty, whereas 7% (22/300) would change their subspecialty. The most common concerns were spreading the infection to their loved ones (30%, 91/300), and becoming sick (7%, 21/300). Positive changes were also noted, such as being more willing to cooperate with other colleagues (36%, 109/300). Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic changed radiology residents’ training programmes, with distance learning, engaging in COVID-19-related activities, and a greater involvement in research becoming part of their everyday practice. Key Points • Of 300 participants, 44% were fully dedicated to radiological activity and 41% devoted time to COVID-19-related activities, 73% of whom to COVID-19 wards. • Distance learning was substantial for 40% of residents, and 66% were involved in research activities more than before the COVID-19 pandemic. • Over half of residents were exposed to COVID-19 contacts and less than one in twenty was infected. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00330-021-07740-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Cavalieri
- Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Marco Spinetta
- Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Domenico Zagaria
- Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Marta Franchi
- Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Giulia Lavazza
- Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Floriana Nardelli
- Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Serafini
- Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Riccardo Leone
- Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonio Messina
- Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Arpaia
- Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Giorgio Buccimazza
- Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Serena Carriero
- Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Felice D'Angelo
- Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Elvira Stellato
- Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Giulio Giuri
- Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Balbi
- Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, Università degli Studi Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Giulia Chiara Preziosa
- Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, Università degli Studi Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Margherita Parolise
- Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Carlotta Pessina
- Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvio Romano
- Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Marco Curti
- Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Davide Capra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133, Milano, Italy.
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Alrasheedy AA, Abdulsalim S, Farooqui M, Alsahali S, Godman B. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice About Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic and Its Psychological Impact on Students and Their Studies: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Pharmacy Students in Saudi Arabia. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021; 14:729-741. [PMID: 33654441 PMCID: PMC7910083 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s292354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Individuals’ knowledge, attitude and practice towards preventive and precautionary measures of COVID-19 are essential to control the spread of the disease. Consequently, the aims of the study were to evaluate knowledge, attitude and practice of pharmacy students towards the pandemic and to assess its psychological impact on them to provide future guidance. Methods A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted via a web-based survey in May 2020. All pharmacy students enrolled at Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, were invited to take part in the study. Results A total of 232 out of 460 students took part in the study, giving a response rate of 50.43%. The mean total knowledge score was 9.87 ± 2.04 (maximum attainable score, 12). The majority of the participants (n=163; 70.3%) believed COVID-19 is a health threat to their community in the early months of the pandemic. Moreover, the majority (93%) also believed that the lockdown at the beginning of the pandemic was necessary to contain the pandemic. Encouragingly, 86.6% reported that they did not go to any crowded places during the pandemic with more female students avoiding crowded places compared to male students (91.6% versus 78.7%, respectively, P = 0.005). The majority (91%) also reported that they were following the strategies recommended by the authorities to prevent the spread of the virus. Encouragingly, 54.3% reported that the pandemic either had no effect or just a limited effect on their studies. However, 38.5% reported that they always felt or frequently felt nervous or anxious during the pandemic. Conclusion The study showed that pharmacy students had good knowledge as well as positive attitudes and good practices towards COVID-19 and the preventive measures. However, during the early months, the pandemic did have a negative psychological impact on a number of students. Consequently, proactive psychological and social support services to the students should be considered during the current and future pandemics. In addition, it is important to consider and proactively address key issues that could cause stress and anxiety among students when shifting to distance learning and assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alian A Alrasheedy
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraidah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhaj Abdulsalim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maryam Farooqui
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alsahali
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - Brian Godman
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.,School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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Zanardo M, Doniselli FM, Monti CB, Cornacchione P, Durante S, Sconfienza LM, Sardanelli F. MRI physics and technical issues: Where do Italian radiographers search for information? J Med Imaging Radiat Sci 2020; 52:104-111. [PMID: 33214055 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmir.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our aim was to investigate the means radiographers and radiographers in training (RTrs) use to seek information on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) physics and technical issues. METHODS An estimated 3000 radiographers and RTrs were reached by e-mail. We proposed an online survey with eight English-language multiple choice questions investigating how often radiographers have doubts about MRI physics or technical issues, where and what kind of information they search for, and on which websites. The statistical χ2 test was used. RESULTS We obtained 300 answers from European professionals (228 radiographers, 72 RTrs) from 9 European countries, with 288 of 300 (96%) responses coming from Italy. Within the Italian respondents, 41% of RTrs have doubts about MRI physics versus 56% of radiographers (p = 0.028). Basic MRI sequences details are more searched by RTrs (36%) than radiographers (22%) (p = 0.088), as well as clinical protocols (64% versus 44%, p = 0.054). Radiographers and RTrs mostly search on the Internet (74% versus 81%, p = 0.404); "older colleagues" are more frequently asked for information by RTrs (27% versus 61%, p = 0.001), they consult the "MRI manufacturer" less frequently (11% versus 34%, p = 0.001); and 66% of radiographers and 72% of RTrs search "in mother-language and English" (p = 0.590). For clinical protocols RTrs prefer the website mriquestions.com (17% versus 44%, p = 0.001). Websites most used were: mriquestions.com (41%), radiopaedia.org (31%), and mrimaster.com (13%). In addition, 30 respondents mentioned using the Italian site fermononrespiri.com. CONCLUSION Italian radiographers and RTrs frequently search for information about MRI physics and technical issues, with slight differences between groups regarding sources and clinical protocols. Protocol setting, and MRI physics and sequences seem to be the main limitations of RTr knowledge. To remedy this gap, more time on training/university lectures and a rethinking of the practical training activities is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moreno Zanardo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Fabio Martino Doniselli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Neurological Institute "C. Besta", Milan, Italy
| | - Caterina Beatrice Monti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Cornacchione
- UOC Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Durante
- Nursing, Technical and Rehabilitation Assistance Service, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Maria Sconfienza
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Sardanelli
- Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, San Donato Milanese, Italy
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