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Szufa KM, Majgier R. OPTICALLY STIMULATED LUMINESCENCE PROPERTIES OF COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE KCL DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS AS RETROSPECTIVE DOSIMETERS. LUMINESCENCE 2022; 37:1760-1768. [PMID: 35916107 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In the case of an unexpected exposure to radiation in places where there is no access to standard dosimeters, materials that can act as detectors in methods of retrospective dosimetry are looked for. Such materials include, but are not limited to, medicines and dietary supplements that are found in households or in personal bags. This paper presents the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimetric properties of dietary supplements, the main ingredient of which is a sensitive phosphor - potassium chloride (KCl). Three types of potassium chloride dietary supplements were tested and and compared to a selection of four common drugs in terms of their sensitivity. Basic dosimetric properties of dietary supplements such as signal repeatability, dose response and fading were determined. The dose recovery test was performed two and seven days after exposure to radiation. The obtained dose values for the two supplements showed good compliance with the nominal dose values and the possibility of correctly assigning the doses to the levels of triage (low dose 0-1 Gy, medium dose 1-2 Gy and high dose > 2 Gy). The presented results show that dietary supplements with KCl have the potential to be used as emergency detectors in the dose recovery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna M Szufa
- Department of Experimental and Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Dlugosz University, ul. Armii Krajowej 13/15, Czestochowa, Poland
| | - Renata Majgier
- Department of Experimental and Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Dlugosz University, ul. Armii Krajowej 13/15, Czestochowa, Poland
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Sholom S, McKeever SWS, Escalona MB, Ryan TL, Balajee AS. A comparative validation of biodosimetry and physical dosimetry techniques for possible triage applications in emergency dosimetry. JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION 2022; 42:021515. [PMID: 35196651 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6498/ac5815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale radiological accidents or nuclear terrorist incidents involving radiological or nuclear materials can potentially expose thousands, or hundreds of thousands, of people to unknown radiation doses, requiring prompt dose reconstruction for appropriate triage. Two types of dosimetry methods namely, biodosimetry and physical dosimetry are currently utilized for estimating absorbed radiation dose in humans. Both methods have been tested separately in several inter-laboratory comparison exercises, but a direct comparison of physical dosimetry with biological dosimetry has not been performed to evaluate their dose prediction accuracies. The current work describes the results of the direct comparison of absorbed doses estimated by physical (smartphone components) and biodosimetry (dicentric chromosome assay (DCA) performed in human peripheral blood lymphocytes) methods. For comparison, human peripheral blood samples (biodosimetry) and different components of smartphones, namely surface mount resistors (SMRs), inductors and protective glasses (physical dosimetry) were exposed to different doses of photons (0-4.4 Gy; values refer to dose to blood after correction) and the absorbed radiation doses were reconstructed by biodosimetry (DCA) and physical dosimetry (optically stimulated luminescence (OSL)) methods. Additionally, LiF:Mg,Ti (TLD-100) chips and Al2O3:C (Luxel) films were used as reference TL and OSL dosimeters, respectively. The best coincidence between biodosimetry and physical dosimetry was observed for samples of blood and SMRs exposed toγ-rays. Significant differences were observed in the reconstructed doses by the two dosimetry methods for samples exposed to x-ray photons with energy below 100 keV. The discrepancy is probably due to the energy dependence of mass energy-absorption coefficients of the samples extracted from the phones. Our results of comparative validation of the radiation doses reconstructed by luminescence dosimetry from smartphone components with biodosimetry using DCA from human blood suggest the potential use of smartphone components as an effective emergency triage tool for high photon energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Sholom
- Radiation Dosimetry Laboratory, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States of America
| | - Stephen W S McKeever
- Radiation Dosimetry Laboratory, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, United States of America
| | - Maria B Escalona
- Cytogenetic Biodosimetry Laboratory, Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, TN, United States of America
| | - Terri L Ryan
- Cytogenetic Biodosimetry Laboratory, Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, TN, United States of America
| | - Adayabalam S Balajee
- Cytogenetic Biodosimetry Laboratory, Radiation Emergency Assistance Center/Training Site, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, TN, United States of America
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Zhang J, Xiang Y, Wang C, Chen Y, Tjin SC, Wei L. Recent Advances in Optical Fiber Enabled Radiation Sensors. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22031126. [PMID: 35161870 PMCID: PMC8840197 DOI: 10.3390/s22031126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Optical fibers are being widely utilized as radiation sensors and dosimeters. Benefiting from the rapidly growing optical fiber manufacturing and material engineering, advanced optical fibers have evolved significantly by using functional structures and materials, promoting their detection accuracy and usage scenarios as radiation sensors. This paper summarizes the current development of optical fiber-based radiation sensors. The sensing principles of both extrinsic and intrinsic optical fiber radiation sensors, including radiation-induced attenuation (RIA), radiation-induced luminescence (RIL), and fiber grating wavelength shifting (RI-GWS), were analyzed. The relevant advanced fiber materials and structures, including silica glass, doped silica glasses, polymers, fluorescent and scintillator materials, were also categorized and summarized based on their characteristics. The fabrication methods of intrinsic all-fiber radiation sensors were introduced, as well. Moreover, the applicable scenarios from medical dosimetry to industrial environmental monitoring were discussed. In the end, both challenges and perspectives of fiber-based radiation sensors and fiber-shaped radiation dosimeters were presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Electronic Information, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.X.); (C.W.); (Y.C.)
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (L.W.)
| | - Yudiao Xiang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Electronic Information, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.X.); (C.W.); (Y.C.)
| | - Chen Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Electronic Information, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.X.); (C.W.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yunkang Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Electronic Information, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, Wuhan 430074, China; (Y.X.); (C.W.); (Y.C.)
| | - Swee Chuan Tjin
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore;
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore;
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (L.W.)
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Ekendahl D, Čemusová Z, Reimitz D, Vávra J. Retrospective physical dosimetry in the Czech Republic: an overview of already established methods and recent research. Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 98:890-899. [PMID: 34606411 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1988181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The threat of serious radiation exposures to members of the public from radiological incidents and nuclear events has led to intensive study of a number of emergency dosimetry techniques for purposes of triage. As such, a national laboratory of retrospective dosimetry was established in our institute. The purpose of this work is to provide a summary of the well-established and already implemented retrospective physical dosimetry techniques based on thermoluminescence (TL), optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and neutron activation including their specifics. Moreover, we present some new results of the experimental work, in which we compared dosimetry potential of various dental repair materials and human teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS At first, an overview of already established retrospective physical retrospective methods including their main features was compiled. As regards recent research, an experimental comparative study was performed under defined conditions. The materials used were aliquots prepared from both pure and repaired teeth and aliquots of unused dental ceramics of known type. Following irradiation, we compared TL and OSL curves of the materials. We also compared dosimetry characteristics of OSL signal as reproducibility, dose dependence and fading. RESULTS After irradiation, the teeth aliquots of dental enamel and dentin exhibited very low OSL and TL signals compared with aliquots containing some dental repair materials or aliquots of pure dental ceramics. With a few exceptions, the OSL signal of dental enamel and dentin aliquots irradiated to 2 Gy was hardly distinguishable from OSL signal corresponding to unirradiated aliquots. In contrast, aliquots of teeth containing some dental repair material and aliquots of pure dental ceramics provided a well reproducible OSL signal exhibiting linear dose response. All the materials tested exhibited a significant fading of the OSL signal. The loss of OSL signal during the first 24 hours after irradiation was from 20 to 99% of its original value obtained immediately after the irradiation. CONCLUSIONS The already established physical methods of retrospective dosimetry use a spectrum of verified materials and techniques for dose assessment in the aftermath of serious radiological incidents and nuclear events. In the comparative study, we found that the dosimetry potential of teeth in natural state is much worse compared to teeth repaired with dental ceramics or dental cement fillings. Teeth restored with dental repair materials exhibited relatively favorable dosimetry characteristics. However, they can be usable for a dose reconstruction only on condition that the main practical problems connected with fading and optical bleaching were solved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zina Čemusová
- National Radiation Protection Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dan Reimitz
- National Radiation Protection Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Vávra
- National Radiation Protection Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
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McKeever SWS, Sholom S, Chandler JR. DEVELOPMENTS IN THE USE OF THERMOLUMINESCENCE AND OPTICALLY STIMULATED LUMINESCENCE FROM MOBILE PHONES IN EMERGENCY DOSIMETRY. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2020; 192:205-235. [PMID: 33406531 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncaa208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Proposed physical dosimetry methods for emergency dosimetry in radiological, mass-casualty incidents include both thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL). Potential materials that could feasibly be used for TL and OSL dosimetry include clothing, shoes and personal accessories. However, the most popular target of study has been personal electronics, especially different components from smartphones. Smartphones have been a focus because they are widely available and, in principle, may be viewed as surrogates for commercial TL or OSL dosimeters. The components of smartphones that have been studied include surface mount devices (such as resistors, capacitors and inductors) and glass materials, including front protective glass, display glass and (with more modern devices) back protective glass. This paper reviews the most recent developments in the use of TL and OSL with these materials and guides the way to future, and urgently needed, research.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W S McKeever
- Radiation Dosimetry Group, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74074, USA
| | - S Sholom
- Radiation Dosimetry Group, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74074, USA
| | - J R Chandler
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of Tennessee, TN 87996, USA
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6
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Optically stimulated luminescence of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene: A study of dosimetric features. RADIAT MEAS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Bossin L, Bailiff IK, Terry I. Luminescence characteristics of some common polyester fabrics: Application to emergency dosimetry. RADIAT MEAS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2017.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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8
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Ademola JA, Woda C. Thermoluminescence of electronic components from mobile phones for determination of accident doses. RADIAT MEAS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Christiansson M, Geber-Bergstrand T, Bernhardsson C, Mattsson S, Rääf CL. RETROSPECTIVE DOSIMETRY USING SALTED SNACKS AND NUTS: A FEASIBILITY STUDY. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2017; 174:1-5. [PMID: 26994095 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncw044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The possibility of using ordinary household table salt for dosimetry is suggested by its high sensitivity to ionising radiation, which generates a readout of optically stimulated luminescence (OSL). However, to exploit this finding for retrospective human dosimetry, it would be needed to find salt in close proximity to the exposed individual. Finding salty snacks frequently tucked into handbags, backpacks or pockets seemed to be a possibility; these items therefore became the test materials of the present study. The aluminium or cardboard packages used to exclude the moisture that makes crisps and nuts go soft and stale also helps to retain the induced OSL signal. Therefore, different snacks, either their salt component alone or mixed with the snack, are exposed to ionising radiation and then were assessed for their dosimetric properties. The results indicate the feasibility of using some salty snacks for dosimetry, with a minimum detectable dose as low as 0.2 mGy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Christiansson
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö SE-205 02, Sweden
| | - T Geber-Bergstrand
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö SE-205 02, Sweden
| | - C Bernhardsson
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö SE-205 02, Sweden
| | - S Mattsson
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö SE-205 02, Sweden
| | - C L Rääf
- Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö SE-205 02, Sweden
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Sholom S, McKeever SWS. Emergency EPR and OSL dosimetry with table vitamins and minerals. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2016; 172:139-144. [PMID: 27412508 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncw177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Several table vitamins, minerals and L-lysine amino acid have been preliminarily tested as potential emergency dosemeters using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) techniques. Radiation-induced EPR signals were detected in samples of vitamin B2 and L-lysine while samples of multivitamins of different brands as well as mineral Mg demonstrated prominent OSL signals after exposure to ionizing radiation doses. Basic dosimetric properties of the radiation-sensitive substances were studied, namely dose response, fading of the EPR or OSL signals and values of minimum measurable doses (MMDs). For EPR-sensitive samples, the EPR signal is converted into units of dose using a linear dose response and correcting for fading using the measured fading dependence. For OSL-sensitive materials, a multi-aliquot, enhanced-temperature protocol was developed to avoid the problem of sample sensitization and to minimize the influence of signal fading. The sample dose in this case is also evaluated using the dose response and fading curves. MMDs of the EPR-sensitive samples were below 2 Gy while those of the OSL-sensitive materials were below 500 mGy as long as the samples are analyzed within 1 week after exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sholom
- Radiation Dosimetry Group, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - S W S McKeever
- Radiation Dosimetry Group, Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
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Bailiff I, Sholom S, McKeever S. Retrospective and emergency dosimetry in response to radiological incidents and nuclear mass-casualty events: A review. RADIAT MEAS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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McKeever S, Sholom S. Biodosimetry versus physical dosimetry for emergency dose assessment following large-scale radiological exposures. RADIAT MEAS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Flood AB, Ali AN, Boyle HK, Du G, Satinsky VA, Swarts SG, Williams BB, Demidenko E, Schreiber W, Swartz HM. Evaluating the Special Needs of The Military for Radiation Biodosimetry for Tactical Warfare Against Deployed Troops: Comparing Military to Civilian Needs for Biodosimetry Methods. HEALTH PHYSICS 2016; 111:169-82. [PMID: 27356061 PMCID: PMC4930006 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0000000000000538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to delineate characteristics of biodosimetry most suitable for assessing individuals who have potentially been exposed to significant radiation from a nuclear device explosion when the primary population targeted by the explosion and needing rapid assessment for triage is civilians vs. deployed military personnel. The authors first carry out a systematic analysis of the requirements for biodosimetry to meet the military's needs to assess deployed troops in a warfare situation, which include accomplishing the military mission. Then the military's special capabilities to respond and carry out biodosimetry for deployed troops in warfare are compared and contrasted systematically, in contrast to those available to respond and conduct biodosimetry for civilians who have been targeted by terrorists, for example. Then the effectiveness of different biodosimetry methods to address military vs. civilian needs and capabilities in these scenarios was compared and, using five representative types of biodosimetry with sufficient published data to be useful for the simulations, the number of individuals are estimated who could be assessed by military vs. civilian responders within the timeframe needed for triage decisions. Analyses based on these scenarios indicate that, in comparison to responses for a civilian population, a wartime military response for deployed troops has both more complex requirements for and greater capabilities to use different types of biodosimetry to evaluate radiation exposure in a very short timeframe after the exposure occurs. Greater complexity for the deployed military is based on factors such as a greater likelihood of partial or whole body exposure, conditions that include exposure to neutrons, and a greater likelihood of combined injury. These simulations showed, for both the military and civilian response, that a very fast rate of initiating the processing (24,000 d) is needed to have at least some methods capable of completing the assessment of 50,000 people within a 2- or 6-d timeframe following exposure. This in turn suggests a very high capacity (i.e., laboratories, devices, supplies and expertise) would be necessary to achieve these rates. These simulations also demonstrated the practical importance of the military's superior capacity to minimize time to transport samples to offsite facilities and use the results to carry out triage quickly. Assuming sufficient resources and the fastest daily rate to initiate processing victims, the military scenario revealed that two biodosimetry methods could achieve the necessary throughput to triage 50,000 victims in 2 d (i.e., the timeframe needed for injured victims), and all five achieved the targeted throughput within 6 d. In contrast, simulations based on the civilian scenario revealed that no method could process 50,000 people in 2 d and only two could succeed within 6 d.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Barry Flood
- EPR Center for the Study of Viable Systems, Radiology Department, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - Arif N. Ali
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Holly K. Boyle
- EPR Center for the Study of Viable Systems, Radiology Department, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - Gaixin Du
- EPR Center for the Study of Viable Systems, Radiology Department, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755
| | | | - Steven G. Swarts
- Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Benjamin B. Williams
- EPR Center for the Study of Viable Systems, Radiology Department, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755
- Radiation Oncology Division, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - Eugene Demidenko
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - Wilson Schreiber
- EPR Center for the Study of Viable Systems, Radiology Department, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - Harold M. Swartz
- EPR Center for the Study of Viable Systems, Radiology Department, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755
- Radiation Oncology Division, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755
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Savenkov S, Priezzhev A, Oberemok Y, Sholom S, Kolomiets I, Chunikhina K. Characterization of natural and irradiated nails by means of the depolarization metrics. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:71108. [PMID: 26927390 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.7.071108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Mueller polarimetry is applied to study the samples of nails: natural (or reference) and irradiated to 2 Gy ionizing radiation dose. We measure the whole Mueller matrices of the samples as a function of the scattering angle at a wavelength of 632.8 nm. We apply depolarization analysis to measured Mueller matrices by calculating the depolarization metrics [depolarization index, Q(M)-metric, first and second Lorenz indices, Cloude and Lorenz entropy] to quantify separability of the different samples of nails under study based on differences in their Mueller matrix. The results show that nail samples strongly depolarize the output light in backscattering, and irradiation in all cases results in increasing of depolarization. Most sensitive among depolarization metrics are the Lorenz entropy and Q(M)-metric.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Savenkov
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Faculty of Radio Physics, Electronics and Computer Systems, Vladimirskaya Street 64, Kiev 01033, Ukraine
| | - Alexander Priezzhev
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Department of Physics and International Laser Center, Vorobiovy Gory, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Yevgen Oberemok
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Faculty of Radio Physics, Electronics and Computer Systems, Vladimirskaya Street 64, Kiev 01033, Ukraine
| | - Sergey Sholom
- Oklahoma State University, Department of Physics, 145 Physical Sciences Building, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, United States
| | - Ivan Kolomiets
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Faculty of Radio Physics, Electronics and Computer Systems, Vladimirskaya Street 64, Kiev 01033, Ukraine
| | - Kateryna Chunikhina
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Faculty of Radio Physics, Electronics and Computer Systems, Vladimirskaya Street 64, Kiev 01033, Ukraine
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17
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Mishra DR, Soni A, Rawat NS, Bokam G. Study of thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) from α-keratin protein found in human hairs and nails: potential use in radiation dosimetry. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2016; 55:255-264. [PMID: 26846648 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-016-0634-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) properties of human nails and hairs containing α-keratin proteins have been investigated. For the present studies, black hairs and finger nails were selectively collected from individuals with ages between 25 and 35 years. The collected hairs/nails were cut to a size of < 1 mm and cleaned with distilled water to remove dirt and other potential physical sources of contamination. All samples were optically beached with 470 nm of LED light at 60 mW/cm(2) intensity and irradiated by a (60)Co γ source. The hair and nail samples showed overlapping multiple TL glow peaks in the temperature range from 70 to 210 ° C. Continuous wave (CW)-OSL measurements of hair samples at a wavelength of 470 nm showed the presence of two distinct OSL components with photoionization cross section (PIC) values of about 1.65 × 10(-18) cm(2) and about 3.48 × 10(-19) cm(2), while measurements of nail samples showed PIC values of about 6.98 × 10(-18) cm(2) and about 8.7 × 10(-19) cm(2), respectively. This difference in PIC values for hair and nail samples from the same individual is attributed to different arrangement of α-keratin protein concentrations in the samples. The OSL sensitivity was found to vary ± 5 times among nail and hair samples from different individuals, with significant fading (60% in 11 h) at room temperature. The remaining signal (after fading) can be useful for dose estimation when a highly sensitive OSL reader is used. In the absorbed dose range of 100 mGy-100 Gy, both the TL and OSL signals of hair and nail samples showed linear dose dependence. The results obtained in the present study suggest that OSL using hair and nail samples may provide a supplementary method of dose estimation in radiological and nuclear emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Mishra
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400 085, India.
| | - A Soni
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400 085, India
| | - N S Rawat
- Radiological Physics and Advisory Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400 085, India
| | - G Bokam
- Radiological Safety Division, Atomic Energy Regulatory Board, Mumbai, 400 094, India
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Swartz HM, Williams BB, Flood AB. Overview of the principles and practice of biodosimetry. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2014; 53:221-32. [PMID: 24519326 PMCID: PMC5982531 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-014-0522-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/02/2014] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The principle of biodosimetry is to utilize changes induced in the individual by ionizing radiation to estimate the dose and, if possible, to predict or reflect the clinically relevant response, i.e., the biological consequences of the dose. Ideally, the changes should be specific for ionizing radiation, and the response should be unaffected by prior medical or physiological variations among subjects, including changes that might be caused by the stress and trauma from a radiation event. There are two basic types of biodosimetry with different and often complementary characteristics: those based on changes in biological parameters such as gene activation or chromosomal abnormalities and those based on physical changes in tissues (detected by techniques such as EPR). In this paper, we consider the applicability of the various techniques for different scenarios: small- and large-scale exposures to levels of radiation that could lead to the acute radiation syndrome and exposures with lower doses that do not need immediate care, but should be followed for evidence of long-term consequences. The development of biodosimetry has been especially stimulated by the needs after a large-scale event where it is essential to have a means to identify those individuals who would benefit from being brought into the medical care system. Analyses of the conventional methods officially recommended for responding to such events indicate that these methods are unlikely to achieve the results needed for timely triage of thousands of victims. Emerging biodosimetric methods can fill this critically important gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold M Swartz
- EPR Center for the Study of Viable Systems, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA,
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Pascu A, Vasiliniuc S, Zeciu-Dolha M, Timar-Gabor A. The potential of luminescence signals from electronic components for accident dosimetry. RADIAT MEAS 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2013.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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