1
|
Dallaev R. Advances in Materials with Self-Healing Properties: A Brief Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2464. [PMID: 38793530 PMCID: PMC11123491 DOI: 10.3390/ma17102464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The development of materials with self-healing capabilities has garnered considerable attention due to their potential to enhance the durability and longevity of various engineering and structural applications. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advances in materials with self-healing properties, encompassing polymers, ceramics, metals, and composites. We outline future research directions and potential applications of self-healing materials (SHMs) in diverse fields. This review aims to provide insights into the current state-of-the-art in SHM research and guide future efforts towards the development of innovative and sustainable materials with enhanced self-repair capabilities. Each material type showcases unique self-repair mechanisms tailored to address specific challenges. Furthermore, this review investigates crack healing processes, shedding light on the latest developments in this critical aspect of self-healing materials. Through an extensive exploration of these topics, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current landscape and future directions in self-healing materials research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Dallaev
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, Brno University of Technology, Technická 2848/8, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang P, Wang Z, Cao W, Zhu J. Facile Preparation of a Transparent, Self-Healing, and Recyclable Polysiloxane Elastomer Based on a Dynamic Imine and Boroxine Bond. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1262. [PMID: 38732731 PMCID: PMC11085116 DOI: 10.3390/polym16091262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Transparent polysiloxane elastomers with good self-healing and reprocessing abilities have attracted significant attention in the field of artificial skin and flexible displays. Herein, we propose a simple one-pot method to fabricate a room temperature self-healable polysiloxane elastomer (HPDMS) by introducing dynamic and reversible imine bonds and boroxine into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) networks. The presence of imine bonds and boroxine is proved by FT-IR and NMR spectra. The obtained HPDMS elastomer is highly transparent with a transmittance of up to 80%. The TGA results demonstrated that the HPDMS elastomer has good heat resistance and can be used in a wide temperature range. A lower glass transition temperature (Tg, -127.4 °C) was obtained and revealed that the elastomer is highly flexible at room temperature. Because of the reformation of dynamic reversible imine bonds and boroxine, the HPDMS elastomers exhibited excellent autonomous self-healing properties. After healing for 3 h, the self-healing efficiency of HPDMS reached 96.3% at room temperature. Moreover, the elastomers can be repeatedly reprocessed multiple times under milder conditions. This work provides a simple but effective method to prepare transparent self-healable and reprocessable polysiloxane elastomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- College of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Zhuochao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China; (Z.W.); (J.Z.)
| | - Wenxin Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China; (Z.W.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jiaqi Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China; (Z.W.); (J.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhan H, Wen B, Tian B, Zheng K, Li Q, Wu W. Printed Self-Healing Stretchable Electronics for Bio-signal Monitoring and Intelligent Packaging. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2400740. [PMID: 38693082 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Integrating self-healing capabilities into printed stretchable electronic devices is important for improving performance and extending device life. However, achieving printed self-healing stretchable electronic devices with excellent device-level healing ability and stretchability while maintaining outstanding electrical performance remains challenging. Herein, a series of printed device-level self-healing stretchable electronic devices is achieved by depositing liquid metal/silver fractal dendrites/polystyrene-block-polyisoprene-block-polystyrene (LM/Ag FDs/SIS) conductive inks onto a self-healing thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) film via screen printing method. Owing to the fluidic properties of the LM and the interfacial hydrogen bonding and disulfide bonds of TPU, the as-obtained stretchable electronic devices maintain good electronic properties under strain and exhibit device-level self-healing properties without external stimulation. Printed self-healing stretchable electrodes possess high electrical conductivity (1.6 × 105 S m-1), excellent electromechanical properties, and dynamic stability, with only a 2.5-fold increase in resistance at 200% strain, even after a complete cut and re-healing treatment. The printed self-healing capacitive stretchable strain sensor shows good linearity (R2 ≈0.9994) in a wide sensing range (0%-200%) and is successfully applied to bio-signal detection. Furthermore, the printed self-healing electronic smart label is designed and can be used for real-time environmental monitoring, which exhibits promising potential for practical application in food preservation packaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoye Zhan
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Bo Wen
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Bin Tian
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Ke Zheng
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Quancai Li
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wu
- Laboratory of Printable Functional Materials and Printed Electronics, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yan H, Liu S, Wen N, Yin J, Jiang H. Self-healing flexible strain sensor fabricated through 3D printing template sacrifice for motion monitoring with enhanced healing and mechanical performance. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:245503. [PMID: 38271718 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad22a7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
With the advancements in flexible materials and information technology, flexible sensors are becoming increasingly pervasive in various aspects of life and production. They hold immense potential for further development in areas such as motion detection, electronic skin, soft robots, and wearable devices. Aminopropyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was used as the raw material, while a diisocyanate reagent served as the cross-linking agent for the polymerization reaction, which involved the introduction of ureido groups, containing N-H and C=O bonds, into the long siloxane chain. The dynamic hydrogen bonding between the clusters completes the self-healing of the material. Using 1-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]urea as a grafting agent, the urea groups are introduced into graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as conductive fillers. Subsequently, a flexible polymer is used as the substrate to prepare conductive flexible self-healing composites. By controlling the amount of conductive fillers, flexible strain materials with varying sensitivities are obtained. Design the structure of the flexible strain sensor using three-dimensional (3D) modeling software with deposition printing method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yan
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuofu Liu
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150000, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Wen
- Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation, No. 18, Wenchang Avenue, Daxing District, Beijing 100176, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiyuan Yin
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyuan Jiang
- School of Mechatronic Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150000, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Paez-Amieva Y, Martín-Martínez JM. Dynamic Non-Covalent Exchange Intrinsic Self-Healing at 20 °C Mechanism of Polyurethane Induced by Interactions among Polycarbonate Soft Segments. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:924. [PMID: 38611182 PMCID: PMC11013852 DOI: 10.3390/polym16070924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Two polyurethanes (PUs) were similarly synthesized by reacting a cycloaliphatic isocyanate with 1,4-butanediol and two polyols of different nature (polyester, polycarbonate diol) with molecular weights of 1000 Da. Only the PU synthesized with polycarbonate diol polyol (YCD) showed intrinsic self-healing at 20 °C. For assessing the mechanism of intrinsic self-healing of YCD, a structural characterization by molecular weights determination, infrared and X-ray photoelectronic spectroscopies, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis, and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis was carried out. The experimental evidence concluded that the self-healing at 20 °C of YCD was due to dynamic non-covalent exchange interactions among the polycarbonate soft segments. Therefore, the chemical nature of the polyol played a key role in developing PUs with intrinsic self-healing at 20 °C.
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang T, Li CH, Li W, Wang Z, Gu Z, Li J, Yuan J, Ou-Yang J, Yang X, Zhu B. A Self-Healing Optoacoustic Patch with High Damage Threshold and Conversion Efficiency for Biomedical Applications. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:122. [PMID: 38372850 PMCID: PMC10876513 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01346-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Compared with traditional piezoelectric ultrasonic devices, optoacoustic devices have unique advantages such as a simple preparation process, anti-electromagnetic interference, and wireless long-distance power supply. However, current optoacoustic devices remain limited due to a low damage threshold and energy conversion efficiency, which seriously hinder their widespread applications. In this study, using a self-healing polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS, Fe-Hpdca-PDMS) and carbon nanotube composite, a flexible optoacoustic patch is developed, which possesses the self-healing capability at room temperature, and can even recover from damage induced by cutting or laser irradiation. Moreover, this patch can generate high-intensity ultrasound (> 25 MPa) without the focusing structure. The laser damage threshold is greater than 183.44 mJ cm-2, and the optoacoustic energy conversion efficiency reaches a major achievement at 10.66 × 10-3, compared with other carbon-based nanomaterials and PDMS composites. This patch is also been successfully examined in the application of acoustic flow, thrombolysis, and wireless energy harvesting. All findings in this study provides new insight into designing and fabricating of novel ultrasound devices for biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- School of Integrated Circuit, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Li
- School of Integrated Circuit, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wang
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 35A Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Zhongya Gu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiapu Li
- School of Integrated Circuit, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Junru Yuan
- School of Integrated Circuit, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ou-Yang
- School of Integrated Circuit, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Yang
- School of Integrated Circuit, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Benpeng Zhu
- School of Integrated Circuit, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kowalewska A, Majewska-Smolarek K. Synergistic Self-Healing Enhancement in Multifunctional Silicone Elastomers and Their Application in Smart Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:487. [PMID: 38399865 PMCID: PMC10892785 DOI: 10.3390/polym16040487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Organosilicon polymers (silicones) are of enduring interest both as an established branch of polymer chemistry and as a segment of commercial products. Their unique properties were exploited in a wide range of everyday applications. However, current silicone trends in chemistry and materials engineering are focused on new smart applications, including stretchable electronics, wearable stress sensors, protective coatings, and soft robotics. Such applications require a fresh approach to methods for increasing the durability and mechanical strength of polysiloxanes, including crosslinked systems. The introduction of self-healing options to silicones has been recognized as a promising alternative in this field, but only carefully designed multifunctional systems operating with several different self-healing mechanisms can truly address the demands placed on such valuable materials. In this review, we summarized the progress of research efforts dedicated to the synthesis and applications of self-healing hybrid materials through multi-component systems that enable the design of functional silicon-based polymers for smart applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kowalewska
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Łódź, Poland;
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Avdeliodi E, Tsioli A, Bokias G, Kallitsis JK. Controlling the Synthesis of Polyurea Microcapsules and the Encapsulation of Active Diisocyanate Compounds. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:270. [PMID: 38257069 PMCID: PMC10820442 DOI: 10.3390/polym16020270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The encapsulation of active components is currently used as common methodology for the insertion of additional functions like self-healing properties on a polymeric matrix. Among the different approaches, polyurea microcapsules are used in different applications. The design of polyurea microcapsules (MCs) containing active diisocyanate compounds, namely isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) or hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), is explored in the present work. The polyurea shell of MCs is formed through the interfacial polymerization of oil-in-water emulsions between the highly active methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) and diethylenetriamine (DETA), while the cores of MCs contain, apart from IPDI or HDI, a liquid Novolac resin. The hydroxyl functionalities of the resin were either unprotected (Novolac resin), partially protected (Benzyl Novolac resin) or fully protected (Acetyl Novolac resin). It has been found that the formation of MCs is controlled by the MDI/DETA ratio, while the shape and size of MCs depends on the homogenization rate applied for emulsification. The encapsulated active compound, as determined through the titration of isocyanate (NCO) groups, was found to decrease with the hydroxyl functionality content of the Novolac resin used, indicating a reaction between NCO and the hydroxyl groups. Through the thorough investigation of the organic phase, the rapid reaction (within a few minutes) of MDI with the unprotected Novolac resin was revealed, while a gradual decrease in the NCO groups (within two months) has been observed through the evolution of the Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier-Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and titration, due to the reaction of these groups with the hydroxyl functionalities of unprotected and partially protected Novolac resin. Over longer times (above two months), the reaction of the remaining NCO groups with humidity was evidenced, especially when the fully protected Acetyl Novolac resin was used. HDI was found to be more susceptible to reactions, as compared with IPDI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Georgios Bokias
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece; (E.A.); (A.T.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Saddique A, Kim JC, Bae J, Cheong IW. Low-temperature, ultra-fast, and recyclable self-healing nanocomposites reinforced with non-solvent silylated modified cellulose nanocrystals. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127984. [PMID: 37951429 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Developing polymeric materials with remarkable mechanical properties and fast self-healing performance even at low temperatures is challenging. Herein, the polymeric nanocomposites containing silane-treated cellulose nanocrystals (SCNC) with ultrafast self-healing and exceptional mechanical characteristics were developed even at low temperatures. First, CNC is modified with a cyclic silane coupling agent using an eco-friendly chemical vapor deposition method. The nanocomposite was then fabricated by blending SCNC with matrix prepolymer, prepared from monomers that possess lower critical solution temperature, followed by the inclusion of dibutyltin dilaurate and hexamethylene diisocyanate. The self-healing capability of the novel SCNC/polymer nanocomposites was enhanced remarkably by increasing the content of SCNC (0-3 wt%) and reaching (≥99 %) at temperatures (5 & 25 °C) within <20 min. Moreover, SCNC-3 showed a toughness of (2498 MJ/m3) and SCNC-5 displayed a robust tensile strength of (22.94 ± 0.4 MPa) whereas SCNC-0 exhibited a lower tensile strength (7.4 ± 03 MPa) and toughness of (958 MJ/m3). Additionally, the nanocomposites retain their original mechanical properties after healing at temperatures (5 & 25 °C) owing to the formation of hydrogen bonds via incorporation of the SCNC. These novel SCNC-based self-healable nanocomposites with tunable mechanical properties offer novel insight into preparing damage and temperature-responsive flexible and wearable devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anam Saddique
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Chul Kim
- Department of Specialty Chemicals, Division of Specialty and Bio-based Chemicals Technology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Ulsan 44412, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jinhye Bae
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Chemical Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - In Woo Cheong
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Almutairi MD, He F, Alshammari YL, Alnahdi SS, Khan MA. Analysis of the Self-Healing Capability of Thermoplastic Elastomer Capsules in a Polymeric Beam Structure Based on Strain Energy Release Behaviour during Crack Growth. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3384. [PMID: 37631441 PMCID: PMC10458547 DOI: 10.3390/polym15163384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the elastic and plastic responses of 3D-printed thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) beams under various bending loads. The study also aimed to develop a self-healing mechanism using origami TPE capsules embedded within an ABS structure. These cross-shaped capsules have the ability to be either folded or elastically deformed. When a crack occurs in the ABS structure, the strain is released, causing the TPE capsule to unfold along the crack direction, thereby enhancing the crack resistance of the ABS structure. The enhanced ability to resist cracks was confirmed through a delamination test on a double cantilever specimen subjected to quasi-static load conditions. Consistent test outcomes highlighted how the self-healing process influenced the development of structural cracks. These results indicate that the suggested self-healing mechanism has the potential to be a unique addition to current methods, which mostly rely on external healing agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Dukhi Almutairi
- School of Aerospace, Transport, and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK; (F.H.); (Y.L.A.); (S.S.A.)
- Centre for Life-Cycle Engineering and Management, Cranfield University, College Road, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Feiyang He
- School of Aerospace, Transport, and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK; (F.H.); (Y.L.A.); (S.S.A.)
- Centre for Life-Cycle Engineering and Management, Cranfield University, College Road, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Yousef Lafi Alshammari
- School of Aerospace, Transport, and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK; (F.H.); (Y.L.A.); (S.S.A.)
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering College, Northern Border University, King Fahad Road, Arar 92341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Saleh Alnahdi
- School of Aerospace, Transport, and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK; (F.H.); (Y.L.A.); (S.S.A.)
- Centre for Life-Cycle Engineering and Management, Cranfield University, College Road, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Muhammad Ali Khan
- School of Aerospace, Transport, and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK; (F.H.); (Y.L.A.); (S.S.A.)
- Centre for Life-Cycle Engineering and Management, Cranfield University, College Road, Cranfield MK43 0AL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hong YW, Laysandra L, Chiu YC, Kang DY. Vacuum-Assisted Self-Healing Amphiphilic Copolymer Membranes for Gas Separation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37411032 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Membrane gas separation provides a multitude of benefits over alternative separation techniques, especially in terms of energy efficiency and environmental sustainability. While polymeric membranes have been extensively investigated for gas separations, their self-healing capabilities have often been neglected. In this work, we have developed innovative self-healing amphiphilic copolymers by strategically incorporating three functional segments: n-butyl acrylate (BA), N-(hydroxymethyl)acrylamide (NMA), and methacrylic acid (MAA). Utilizing these three functional components, we have synthesized two distinct amphiphilic copolymers, namely, APNMA (PBAx-co-PNMAy) and APMAA (PBAx-co-PMAAy). These copolymers have been meticulously designed for gas separation applications. During the creation of these amphiphilic copolymers, BA and NMA segments were selected due to their vital role in the ease of tuning mechanical and self-healing properties. The functional groups (-OH and -NH) present on the NMA segment interact with CO2 through hydrogen bonding, thereby boosting CO2/N2 separation and achieving superior selectivity. We assessed the self-healing potential of these amphiphilic copolymer membranes using two distinct strategies: conventional and vacuum-assisted self-healing. In the vacuum-assisted approach, a robust vacuum pump generates a suction force, leading to the formation of a cone-like shape in the membrane. This formation allows common fracture sites to adhere and trigger the self-healing process. As a result, APNMA maintains its high gas permeability and CO2/N2 selectivity even after the vacuum-assisted self-healing operation. The ideal CO2/N2 selectivity of the APNMA membrane aligns closely with the commercially available PEBAX-1657 membrane (17.54 vs 20.09). Notably, the gas selectivity of the APNMA membrane can be readily restored after damage, in contrast to the PEBAX-1657 membrane, which loses its selectivity upon damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Wei Hong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Livy Laysandra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No. 43, Sec. 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 106335, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Chiu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No. 43, Sec. 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 106335, Taiwan
| | - Dun-Yen Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kikani T, Dave S, Thakore S. Functionalization of hyaluronic acid for development of self-healing hydrogels for biomedical applications: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124950. [PMID: 37207760 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Materials that are capable of undergoing self-repair following any physical damage or rupture due to external stimuli are identified as self-healing materials. Such materials are engineered by crosslinking the polymer backbone chains typically through reversible linkages. These reversible linkages include imines, metal-ligand coordination, polyelectrolyte interaction, disulfide, etc. These bonds are reversibly responsive to changes in various stimuli. Newer self-healing materials are now being developed in the field of biomedicine. Chitosan, cellulose, starch etc. are a few examples of polysaccharides that are generally used to synthesize such materials. Hyaluronic acid has been a very recent addition to the list of polysaccharides that are being investigated for construction of self-healing materials. It is non-toxic, non-immunogenic, has good gelation property and good injectability. Hyaluronic acid based self-healing materials are particularly employed for targeted drug delivery, protein and cell delivery, electronics, biosensors and many such biomedical applications. This review critically focuses on the functionalization of hyaluronic acid to fabricate self-healing hydrogels for biomedical applications. It also explores and sums up the mechanical data as well as self-healing efficiency of the hydrogels across wide range of interactions as discussed in the review below.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Twara Kikani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390002, India
| | - Sanskruti Dave
- Department of Pharmacy, Babaria Institute of Pharmacy, Gujarat Technological University, Vadodara 391240, India
| | - Sonal Thakore
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Facile fabrication of a novel self-healing and flame-retardant hydrogel/MXene coating for wood. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1826. [PMID: 36725969 PMCID: PMC9892570 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28228-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To improve flame retardancy of wood, a novel high-water-retention and self-healing polyvinyl alcohol/phytic acid/MXene hydrogel coating was developed through facile one-pot heating and freeze-thaw cycle methods, and then painted on wood surface. The coating exhibit excellent self-healing property and significantly enhanced water-retention property (water content ≥ 90 wt%), due to the increased hydrogen bonds within the coating system with the presence of MXene nanosheets. Compared to pristine wood, the flame retardancy of coated wood is greatly improved, such as passed V0 rating in UL-94 test, increasing time to ignition (TTI, from 32 to 69 s), and decreased heat release rate and total heat release by 41.6% and 36.14%. The cooling effect and large thermal capacity of high-water-retention hydrogel, and physical barrier effects for flammable gas products, heat and oxygen by MXene nanosheets and the compact char layer formed during combustion play key roles in the flame retardancy enhancements of the wood. High thermal stability of MXene nanosheets is another beneficial factor. The detailed flame-retardant and self-healing mechanisms were proposed.
Collapse
|
14
|
Current Self-Healing Binders for Energetic Composite Material Applications. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28010428. [PMID: 36615616 PMCID: PMC9823830 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Energetic composite materials (ECMs) are the basic materials of polymer binder explosives and composite solid propellants, which are mainly composed of explosive crystals and binders. During the manufacturing, storage and use of ECMs, the bonding surface is prone to micro/fine cracks or defects caused by external stimuli such as temperature, humidity and impact, affecting the safety and service of ECMs. Therefore, substantial efforts have been devoted to designing suitable self-healing binders aimed at repairing cracks/defects. This review describes the research progress on self-healing binders for ECMs. The structural designs of these strategies to manipulate macro-molecular and/or supramolecular polymers are discussed in detail, and then the implementation of these strategies on ECMs is discussed. However, the reasonable configuration of robust microstructures and effective dynamic exchange are still challenges. Therefore, the prospects for the development of self-healing binders for ECMs are proposed. These critical insights are emphasized to guide the research on developing novel self-healing binders for ECMs in the future.
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang C, Guo Z, Wang C, Liu W, Yang X, Huo H, Cai Y, Geng Z, Su Z. High-performance self-healing composite ultrafiltration membrane based on multiple molecular dynamic interactions. J Memb Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
16
|
Foteinidis G, Kosarli M, Nikiphorides P, Tsirka K, Paipetis AS. Capsule-Based Self-Healing and Self-Sensing Composites with Enhanced Mechanical and Electrical Restoration. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235264. [PMID: 36501658 PMCID: PMC9737270 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we report for the first time the manufacturing and characterization of smart multifunctional, capsule-based self-healing and self-sensing composites. In detail, neat and nanomodified UF microcapsules were synthesized and incorporated into composites with a nanomodified epoxy matrix for the restoration of the mechanical and electrical properties. The electrical properties were evaluated with the use of the impedance spectroscopy method. The self-healing composites were subjected to mode-II fracture toughness tests. Additionally, the lap strap geometry that can simulate the mechanical behavior of a stiffened panel was used. The introduction of the nanomodified self-healing system improved the initial mechanical properties in the mode-II fracture toughness by +29%, while the values after the healing process exceeded the initial one. At lap strap geometry, the incorporation of the self-healing system did not affect the initial mechanical properties that were fully recovered after the healing process.
Collapse
|
17
|
Sekhar MC, Veena E, Kumar NS, Naidu KCB, Mallikarjuna A, Basha DB. A Review on Piezoelectric Materials and Their Applications. CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.202200130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madunuri Chandra Sekhar
- Department of Physics Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology Hyderabad Telangana 500075 India
| | - Eshwarappa Veena
- Department of Physics PC Jabin Science College Hubbali Hubbali 580031 India
| | - Nagasamudram Suresh Kumar
- Department of Physics JNTUA College of Engineering Anantapur Anantapuramu Andhra Pradesh 515002 India
| | | | - Allam Mallikarjuna
- Department of Physics Audisankara College of Engineering and Technology Gudur Andhra Pradesh 524101 India
| | - Dudekula Baba Basha
- Department of Information SciencesMajmaah University Al'Majmaah 11952Al'MajmaahSaudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang Y, Zheng J, Ma W, Zhang X, Du Y, Li K, Liu Y, Yu G, Jia Y. Ultra-stretchable and ultra-low temperature self-healing polyurethane enabled by dual dynamic bonds strategy. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2022.105364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
|
19
|
Zhang Y, Zheng J, Ma W, Zhang X, Du Y, Li K, Liu Y, Yu G, Jia Y. Ultra-low-temperature self-healing polyurethane with enhanced strength and elongation based on dual synergetic crosslinking strategy. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
20
|
Chen J, Wang L, Xu X, Liu G, Liu H, Qiao Y, Chen J, Cao S, Cha Q, Wang T. Self-Healing Materials-Based Electronic Skin: Mechanism, Development and Applications. Gels 2022; 8:gels8060356. [PMID: 35735699 PMCID: PMC9222937 DOI: 10.3390/gels8060356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Electronic skin (e-skin) has brought us great convenience and revolutionized our way of life. However, due to physical or chemical aging and damage, they will inevitably be degraded gradually with practical operation. The emergence of self-healing materials enables e-skins to achieve repairment of cracks and restoration of mechanical function by themselves, meeting the requirements of the era for building durable and self-healing electronic devices. This work reviews the current development of self-healing e-skins with various application scenarios, including motion sensor, human–machine interaction and soft robots. The new application fields and present challenges are discussed; meanwhile, thinkable strategies and prospects of future potential applications are conferenced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjie Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) & Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi’an 710072, China; (J.C.); (L.W.); (X.X.); (G.L.); (Y.Q.)
| | - Lei Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) & Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi’an 710072, China; (J.C.); (L.W.); (X.X.); (G.L.); (Y.Q.)
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Ningbo 315103, China
| | - Xiangou Xu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) & Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi’an 710072, China; (J.C.); (L.W.); (X.X.); (G.L.); (Y.Q.)
- Queen Mary University of London Engineering School, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi’an 710072, China; (J.C.); (S.C.); (Q.C.)
| | - Guming Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) & Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi’an 710072, China; (J.C.); (L.W.); (X.X.); (G.L.); (Y.Q.)
- Queen Mary University of London Engineering School, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi’an 710072, China; (J.C.); (S.C.); (Q.C.)
| | - Haoyan Liu
- Department of Computer Science and Computer Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
| | - Yuxuan Qiao
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) & Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi’an 710072, China; (J.C.); (L.W.); (X.X.); (G.L.); (Y.Q.)
- Honors College, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Jialin Chen
- Queen Mary University of London Engineering School, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi’an 710072, China; (J.C.); (S.C.); (Q.C.)
| | - Siwei Cao
- Queen Mary University of London Engineering School, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi’an 710072, China; (J.C.); (S.C.); (Q.C.)
| | - Quanbin Cha
- Queen Mary University of London Engineering School, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi’an 710072, China; (J.C.); (S.C.); (Q.C.)
| | - Tengjiao Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi’an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) & Xi’an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi’an 710072, China; (J.C.); (L.W.); (X.X.); (G.L.); (Y.Q.)
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Ningbo 315103, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Song YK, Kim HW, Chung CM. Repeatable Self-Healing of a Protective Coating Based on Vegetable-Oil-Loaded Microcapsules. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14102013. [PMID: 35631895 PMCID: PMC9146027 DOI: 10.3390/polym14102013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Generally, microcapsule-based self-healing materials have the limitation of single local self-healing. A few studies have reported repeatable self-healing in these microcapsular materials, but there is a challenge to develop multi-cycle self-healing materials that have the advantages of easier preparation and a more efficient operation. In this work, a mixture of two vegetable oils, soybean and olive oil, was used as a healing agent. The atmospheric oxygen-induced reaction behavior (in the presence of a catalyst) was investigated for various compositions of the vegetable oil mixtures; infrared spectroscopy, recovery testing, and viscoelasticity measurement were performed to find an optimum composition of the healing agent. Microcapsules loaded with soybean oil and catalyst-containing olive oil were separately prepared and used to prepare a dual-capsule self-healing coating. It was demonstrated through optical and scanning electron microscopy that, upon scribing the self-healing coating, the vegetable oils flowed out from microcapsules to self-heal the damaged area. When the healed area of the self-healing coating was re-scribed, self-healing was repeated, which was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and anticorrosion and electrochemical testing. Our new repeatable self-healing coating provides the merits of easy preparation, no need for external intervention such as light irradiation, and an environmentally-friendly nature.
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhu H, Monavari M, Zheng K, Distler T, Ouyang L, Heid S, Jin Z, He J, Li D, Boccaccini AR. 3D Bioprinting of Multifunctional Dynamic Nanocomposite Bioinks Incorporating Cu-Doped Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles for Bone Tissue Engineering. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2104996. [PMID: 35102718 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202104996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bioprinting has seen significant progress in recent years for the fabrication of bionic tissues with high complexity. However, it remains challenging to develop cell-laden bioinks exhibiting superior physiochemical properties and bio-functionality. In this study, a multifunctional nanocomposite bioink is developed based on amine-functionalized copper (Cu)-doped mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (ACuMBGNs) and a hydrogel formulation relying on dynamic covalent chemistry composed of alginate dialdehyde (oxidized alginate) and gelatin, with favorable rheological properties, improved shape fidelity, and structural stability for extrusion-based bioprinting. The reversible dynamic microenvironment in combination with the impact of cell-adhesive ligands introduced by aminated particles enables the rapid spreading (within 3 days) and high survival (>90%) of embedded human osteosarcoma cells and immortalized mouse bone marrow-derived stroma cells. Osteogenic differentiation of primary mouse bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) and angiogenesis are promoted in the bioprinted alginate dialdehyde-gelatin (ADA-GEL or AG)-ACuMBGN scaffolds without additional growth factors in vitro, which is likely due to ion stimulation from the incorporated nanoparticles and possibly due to cell mechanosensing in the dynamic matrix. In conclusion, it is envisioned that these nanocomposite bioinks can serve as promising platforms for bioprinting complex 3D matrix environments providing superior physiochemical and biological performance for bone tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, P. R. China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Institute of Biomaterials, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mahshid Monavari
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Institute of Biomaterials, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kai Zheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Institute of Biomaterials, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Distler
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Institute of Biomaterials, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Liliang Ouyang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing, "Biomanufacturing and Engineering Living Systems" Innovation International Talents Base (111 Base), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Susanne Heid
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Institute of Biomaterials, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Zhaorui Jin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Institute of Biomaterials, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jiankang He
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, P. R. China
| | - Dichen Li
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710054, P. R. China
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Institute of Biomaterials, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Nada AA, Eckstein Andicsová A, Mosnáček J. Irreversible and Self-Healing Electrically Conductive Hydrogels Made of Bio-Based Polymers. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:842. [PMID: 35055029 PMCID: PMC8776002 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrically conductive materials that are fabricated based on natural polymers have seen significant interest in numerous applications, especially when advanced properties such as self-healing are introduced. In this article review, the hydrogels that are based on natural polymers containing electrically conductive medium were covered, while both irreversible and reversible cross-links are presented. Among the conductive media, a special focus was put on conductive polymers, such as polyaniline, polypyrrole, polyacetylene, and polythiophenes, which can be potentially synthesized from renewable resources. Preparation methods of the conductive irreversible hydrogels that are based on these conductive polymers were reported observing their electrical conductivity values by Siemens per centimeter (S/cm). Additionally, the self-healing systems that were already applied or applicable in electrically conductive hydrogels that are based on natural polymers were presented and classified based on non-covalent or covalent cross-links. The real-time healing, mechanical stability, and electrically conductive values were highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ali Nada
- Centre for Advanced Materials Application, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 11 Bratislava, Slovakia;
- Pretreatment and Finishing of Cellulose Based Textiles Department, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | | | - Jaroslav Mosnáček
- Centre for Advanced Materials Application, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 11 Bratislava, Slovakia;
- Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Mashkoor F, Lee SJ, Yi H, Noh SM, Jeong C. Self-Healing Materials for Electronics Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:622. [PMID: 35054803 PMCID: PMC8775691 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-healing materials have been attracting the attention of the scientists over the past few decades because of their effectiveness in detecting damage and their autonomic healing response. Self-healing materials are an evolving and intriguing field of study that could lead to a substantial increase in the lifespan of materials, improve the reliability of materials, increase product safety, and lower product replacement costs. Within the past few years, various autonomic and non-autonomic self-healing systems have been developed using various approaches for a variety of applications. The inclusion of appropriate functionalities into these materials by various chemistries has enhanced their repair mechanisms activated by crack formation. This review article summarizes various self-healing techniques that are currently being explored and the associated chemistries that are involved in the preparation of self-healing composite materials. This paper further surveys the electronic applications of self-healing materials in the fields of energy harvesting devices, energy storage devices, and sensors. We expect this article to provide the reader with a far deeper understanding of self-healing materials and their healing mechanisms in various electronics applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fouzia Mashkoor
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea;
| | - Sun Jin Lee
- Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Ulsan 44412, Korea;
| | - Hoon Yi
- Mechanical Technology Group, Global Manufacturing Center, Samsung Electro-Mechanics, 150 Maeyeong-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16674, Korea;
| | - Seung Man Noh
- Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Ulsan 44412, Korea;
| | - Changyoon Jeong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea;
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Guo Z. Research advances in UV-curable self-healing coatings. RSC Adv 2022; 12:32429-32439. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06089b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-healing is the ability of a material to recover from physical damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Guo
- Industrial Development Promotion Center of Weifang, Sunshine Building, No. 6396, Dongfeng East Street, Weifang, 261061, China
| |
Collapse
|