1
|
Karydis-Messinis A, Kyriakaki C, Triantafyllou E, Tsirka K, Gioti C, Gkikas D, Nesseris K, Exarchos DA, Farmaki S, Giannakas AE, Salmas CE, Matikas TE, Moschovas D, Avgeropoulos A. Development and Physicochemical Characterization of Edible Chitosan-Casein Hydrogel Membranes for Potential Use in Food Packaging. Gels 2024; 10:254. [PMID: 38667673 PMCID: PMC11049393 DOI: 10.3390/gels10040254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing global concern over plastic waste and its environmental impact has led to a growing interest in the development of sustainable packaging alternatives. This study focuses on the innovative use of expired dairy products as a potential resource for producing edible packaging materials. Expired milk and yogurt were selected as the primary raw materials due to their protein and carbohydrate content. The extracted casein was combined with various concentrations of chitosan, glycerol, and squid ink, leading to the studied samples. Chitosan was chosen due to its appealing characteristics, including biodegradability, and film-forming properties, and casein was utilized for its superior barrier and film-forming properties, as well as its biodegradability and non-toxic nature. Glycerol was used to further improve the flexibility of the materials. The prepared hydrogels were characterized using various instrumental methods, and the findings reveal that the expired dairy-based edible packaging materials exhibited promising mechanical properties comparable to conventional plastic packaging and improved barrier properties with zero-oxygen permeability of the hydrogel membranes, indicating that these materials have the potential to effectively protect food products from external factors that could compromise quality and shelf life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Karydis-Messinis
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.K.); (E.T.); (K.T.); (C.G.); (D.A.E.); (S.F.); (C.E.S.); (T.E.M.)
| | - Christina Kyriakaki
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.K.); (E.T.); (K.T.); (C.G.); (D.A.E.); (S.F.); (C.E.S.); (T.E.M.)
| | - Eleni Triantafyllou
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.K.); (E.T.); (K.T.); (C.G.); (D.A.E.); (S.F.); (C.E.S.); (T.E.M.)
| | - Kyriaki Tsirka
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.K.); (E.T.); (K.T.); (C.G.); (D.A.E.); (S.F.); (C.E.S.); (T.E.M.)
| | - Christina Gioti
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.K.); (E.T.); (K.T.); (C.G.); (D.A.E.); (S.F.); (C.E.S.); (T.E.M.)
| | - Dimitris Gkikas
- DODONI SA, 1 Tagmatarchi Kostaki, Eleousa, 45500 Ioannina, Greece; (D.G.); (K.N.)
| | | | - Dimitrios A. Exarchos
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.K.); (E.T.); (K.T.); (C.G.); (D.A.E.); (S.F.); (C.E.S.); (T.E.M.)
- Hellenic Institute for Packaging and Agrifood Safety, 45445 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Spyridoula Farmaki
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.K.); (E.T.); (K.T.); (C.G.); (D.A.E.); (S.F.); (C.E.S.); (T.E.M.)
- Hellenic Institute for Packaging and Agrifood Safety, 45445 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Aris E. Giannakas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Patras, 30100 Agrinio, Greece;
| | - Constantinos E. Salmas
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.K.); (E.T.); (K.T.); (C.G.); (D.A.E.); (S.F.); (C.E.S.); (T.E.M.)
| | - Theodore E. Matikas
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.K.); (E.T.); (K.T.); (C.G.); (D.A.E.); (S.F.); (C.E.S.); (T.E.M.)
- Hellenic Institute for Packaging and Agrifood Safety, 45445 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Moschovas
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.K.); (E.T.); (K.T.); (C.G.); (D.A.E.); (S.F.); (C.E.S.); (T.E.M.)
| | - Apostolos Avgeropoulos
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (C.K.); (E.T.); (K.T.); (C.G.); (D.A.E.); (S.F.); (C.E.S.); (T.E.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sfikas AK, Lekatou AG, Emmanouilidou S, Tsirka K. Corrosion Behavior of As-Cast and Heat-Treated Al-Co Alloys in 3.5 wt% NaCl. Materials (Basel) 2024; 17:655. [PMID: 38591531 PMCID: PMC10856006 DOI: 10.3390/ma17030655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The present work evaluates the effect of Co content on the microstructure and corrosion performance of Al-Co alloys of various compositions (2-32 wt% Co), fabricated by flux-assisted stir casting. A preliminary investigation on the effect of heat treatment (600 °C, up to 72 h) on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of Al-20 wt% Co and Al-32 wt% Co was also conducted. The Al- (2-10) wt% Co alloys were composed of acicular Al9Co2 particles uniformly dispersed in an Al matrix. The Al-20 wt% Co and Al-32 wt% Co alloys additionally contained Al13Co4 blades enveloped in Al9Co2 wedges. Heat treatment of Al-20 wt% Co and Al-32 wt% Co led to a significant reduction in the volume fraction of Al13Co4 and a decrease in hardness. Al-Co alloys with high Co content (10-32 wt% Co) exhibited greater resistance to localized corrosion in 3.5 wt% NaCl, but lower resistance to general corrosion compared to the (0-5 wt% Co) alloys. Heat treatment led to a slight increase in the corrosion resistance of the Al-Co alloys. The microstructure of the produced alloys was analyzed and correlated with the corrosion performance. Finally, corrosion mechanisms were formulated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios K. Sfikas
- Laboratory of Applied Metallurgy, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (A.K.S.); (S.E.)
| | - Angeliki G. Lekatou
- Laboratory of Applied Metallurgy, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (A.K.S.); (S.E.)
- Institute of Materials Science and Computing, University Research Centre of Ioannina (URCI), 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Sevasti Emmanouilidou
- Laboratory of Applied Metallurgy, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (A.K.S.); (S.E.)
| | - Kyriaki Tsirka
- Composites and Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Karydis-Messinis A, Moschovas D, Markou M, Tsirka K, Gioti C, Bagli E, Murphy C, Giannakas AE, Paipetis A, Karakassides MA, Avgeropoulos A, Salmas CE, Zafeiropoulos NE. Hydrogel Membranes from Chitosan-Fish Gelatin-Glycerol for Biomedical Applications: Chondroitin Sulfate Incorporation Effect in Membrane Properties. Gels 2023; 9:844. [PMID: 37998934 PMCID: PMC10670475 DOI: 10.3390/gels9110844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate (ChS), chitosan (Chi), and fish gelatin (FG), which are byproducts of a fish-treatment small enterprise, were incorporated with glycerol (Gly) to obtain dense hydrogel membranes with reduced brittleness, candidates for dressing in wound healing applications. The mechanical properties of all samples were studied via Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) and tensile tests while their internal structure was characterized using Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) instruments. Their surface morphology was analyzed by ThermoGravimetric Analysis (TGA) method, while their water permeability was estimated via Water Vapor Transmission Rate (WVTR) measurements. Wettability and degradation rate measurements were also carried out. Characterization results indicated that secondary interactions between the natural polymers and the plasticizer create the hydrogel membranes. The samples were amorphous due to the high concentration of plasticizer and the amorphous nature of the natural polymers. The integration of ChS led to decreased decomposition temperature in comparison with the glycerol-free sample, and all the materials had dense structures. Finally, the in vitro endothelial cell attachment studies indicate that the hydrogel membranes successfully support the attachment and survival of primary on the hydrogel membranes and could be appropriate for external application in wound healing applications as dressings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Karydis-Messinis
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (D.M.); (K.T.); (C.G.); (A.P.); (M.A.K.); (A.A.)
| | - Dimitrios Moschovas
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (D.M.); (K.T.); (C.G.); (A.P.); (M.A.K.); (A.A.)
| | - Maria Markou
- Biomedical Research Institute (BRI)-FORTH, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (M.M.); (E.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Kyriaki Tsirka
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (D.M.); (K.T.); (C.G.); (A.P.); (M.A.K.); (A.A.)
| | - Christina Gioti
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (D.M.); (K.T.); (C.G.); (A.P.); (M.A.K.); (A.A.)
| | - Eleni Bagli
- Biomedical Research Institute (BRI)-FORTH, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (M.M.); (E.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Carol Murphy
- Biomedical Research Institute (BRI)-FORTH, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (M.M.); (E.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Aris E. Giannakas
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Patras, 30100 Agrinio, Greece;
| | - Alkis Paipetis
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (D.M.); (K.T.); (C.G.); (A.P.); (M.A.K.); (A.A.)
| | - Michael A. Karakassides
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (D.M.); (K.T.); (C.G.); (A.P.); (M.A.K.); (A.A.)
| | - Apostolos Avgeropoulos
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (D.M.); (K.T.); (C.G.); (A.P.); (M.A.K.); (A.A.)
| | - Constantinos E. Salmas
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (D.M.); (K.T.); (C.G.); (A.P.); (M.A.K.); (A.A.)
| | - Nikolaos E. Zafeiropoulos
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece; (D.M.); (K.T.); (C.G.); (A.P.); (M.A.K.); (A.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Foteinidis G, Kosarli M, Nikiphorides P, Tsirka K, Paipetis AS. Capsule-Based Self-Healing and Self-Sensing Composites with Enhanced Mechanical and Electrical Restoration. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235264. [PMID: 36501658 PMCID: PMC9737270 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we report for the first time the manufacturing and characterization of smart multifunctional, capsule-based self-healing and self-sensing composites. In detail, neat and nanomodified UF microcapsules were synthesized and incorporated into composites with a nanomodified epoxy matrix for the restoration of the mechanical and electrical properties. The electrical properties were evaluated with the use of the impedance spectroscopy method. The self-healing composites were subjected to mode-II fracture toughness tests. Additionally, the lap strap geometry that can simulate the mechanical behavior of a stiffened panel was used. The introduction of the nanomodified self-healing system improved the initial mechanical properties in the mode-II fracture toughness by +29%, while the values after the healing process exceeded the initial one. At lap strap geometry, the incorporation of the self-healing system did not affect the initial mechanical properties that were fully recovered after the healing process.
Collapse
|
5
|
Kosarli M, Foteinidis G, Tsirka K, Bekas DG, Paipetis AS. Concurrent recovery of mechanical and electrical properties in nanomodified capsule-based self-healing epoxies. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
6
|
Karalis G, Tzounis L, Tsirka K, Mytafides CK, Voudouris Itskaras A, Liebscher M, Lambrou E, Gergidis LN, Barkoula NM, Paipetis AS. Advanced Glass Fiber Polymer Composite Laminate Operating as a Thermoelectric Generator: A Structural Device for Micropower Generation and Potential Large-Scale Thermal Energy Harvesting. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:24138-24153. [PMID: 33988382 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates for the first time a structural glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite laminate with efficient thermal energy harvesting properties as a thermoelectric generator (TEG). This TEG laminate was fabricated by stacking unidirectional glass fiber (GF) laminae coated with p- and n-type single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) inks via a blade coating technique. According to their thermoelectric (TE) response, the p- and n-type GF-SWCNT fabrics exhibited Seebeck coefficients of +23 and -29 μV/K with 60 and 118 μW/m·K2 power factor values, respectively. The in-series p-n interconnection of the TE-enabled GF-SWCNT fabrics and their subsequent impregnation with epoxy resin effectively generated an electrical power output of 2.2 μW directly from a 16-ply GFRP TEG laminate exposed to a temperature difference (ΔT) of 100 K. Both experimental and modeling work validated the TE performance. The structural integrity of the multifunctional GFRP was tested by three-point bending coupled with online monitoring of the steady-state TE current (Isc) at a ΔΤ of 80 K. Isc was found to closely follow all transitions and discontinuities related to structural damage in the stress/strain curve, thus showing its potential to serve the functions of power generation and damage monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George Karalis
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Lazaros Tzounis
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Kyriaki Tsirka
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Christos K Mytafides
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Marco Liebscher
- Institute of Construction Materials, Technische Universität Dresden, DE-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Eleftherios Lambrou
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Leonidas N Gergidis
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Alkiviadis S Paipetis
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lazanas AC, Tsirka K, Paipetis AS, Prodromidis MI. 2D bismuthene/graphene modified electrodes for the ultra-sensitive stripping voltammetric determination of lead and cadmium. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.135726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
8
|
Fotiadou R, Patila M, Hammami MA, Enotiadis A, Moschovas D, Tsirka K, Spyrou K, Giannelis EP, Avgeropoulos A, Paipetis A, Gournis D, Stamatis H. Development of Effective Lipase-Hybrid Nanoflowers Enriched with Carbon and Magnetic Nanomaterials for Biocatalytic Transformations. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2019; 9:E808. [PMID: 31142000 PMCID: PMC6632025 DOI: 10.3390/nano9060808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, hybrid nanoflowers (HNFs) based on copper (II) or manganese (II) ions were prepared by a simple method and used as nanosupports for the development of effective nanobiocatalysts through the immobilization of lipase B from Pseudozyma antarctica. The hybrid nanobiocatalysts were characterized by various techniques including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The effect of the addition of carbon-based nanomaterials, namely graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes, as well as magnetic nanoparticles such as maghemite, on the structure, catalytic activity, and operational stability of the hybrid nanobiocatalysts was also investigated. In all cases, the addition of nanomaterials during the preparation of HNFs increased the catalytic activity and the operational stability of the immobilized biocatalyst. Lipase-based magnetic nanoflowers were effectively applied for the synthesis of tyrosol esters in non-aqueous media, such as organic solvents, ionic liquids, and environmental friendly deep eutectic solvents. In such media, the immobilized lipase preserved almost 100% of its initial activity after eight successive catalytic cycles, indicating that these hybrid magnetic nanoflowers can be applied for the development of efficient nanobiocatalytic systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renia Fotiadou
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Michaela Patila
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Mohamed Amen Hammami
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Apostolos Enotiadis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Dimitrios Moschovas
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Kyriaki Tsirka
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Konstantinos Spyrou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Emmanuel P Giannelis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Apostolos Avgeropoulos
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Alkiviadis Paipetis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Dimitrios Gournis
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Haralambos Stamatis
- Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|