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Nucci RAB, Busse AL, de Souza RR, Maifrino LBM, Pasqualucci CA, Anaruma CA, Leite REP, Rodriguez RD, Suemoto CK, Jacob-Filho W. Smoking Intensity Increases Diaphragm Muscle Injury: A Clinicopathologic Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12113823. [PMID: 37298016 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12113823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studying the effects of smoking intensity is important to evaluate the risk of tobacco use on a range of illnesses, such as as sarcopenia among the elderly. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the effects of pack-years of cigarette smoking on the diaphragm muscle (DIAm) histopathology of postmortem samples. METHODS Subjects were divided into three groups: never-smoker (n = 46); less than 30 pack-years of smoking (n = 12); and more than 30 pack-years of smoking (n = 30). Diaphragm samples were stained with Picrosirius red and hematoxylin and eosin stain for general structure. RESULTS Participants with more than 30 pack-years of cigarette smoking had a significant increase in adipocytes, blood vessels and collagen deposit, as well as an increase in histopathological alterations. CONCLUSIONS Pack-years of smoking was associated with DIAm injury. However, further clinicopathological studies are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Aparecido Baptista Nucci
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
- Laboratory of Medical Research in Aging (LIM-66), Division of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Leopold Busse
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
- Laboratory of Medical Research in Aging (LIM-66), Division of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Romeu Rodrigues de Souza
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
- Department of Anatomy, 9 de Julho University-UNINOVE, São Paulo 03155-000, Brazil
| | - Laura Beatriz Mesiano Maifrino
- Laboratory of Clinical Analysis, Faculty of Medicine of the ABC District, Santo André 09060-650, Brazil
- Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo 04012-909, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Alberto Anaruma
- Laboratory of Morphology and Physical Activity, Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Rio Claro 11330-900, Brazil
| | - Renata Elaine Paraizo Leite
- Laboratory of Physiopathology in Aging (LIM-22), Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Roberta Diehl Rodriguez
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Claudia Kimie Suemoto
- Laboratory of Medical Research in Aging (LIM-66), Division of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Wilson Jacob-Filho
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
- Laboratory of Medical Research in Aging (LIM-66), Division of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
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Saaoud F, Shao Y, Cornwell W, Wang H, Rogers TJ, Yang X. Cigarette Smoke Modulates Inflammation and Immunity via Reactive Oxygen Species-Regulated Trained Immunity and Trained Tolerance Mechanisms. Antioxid Redox Signal 2023; 38:1041-1069. [PMID: 36017612 PMCID: PMC10171958 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Cigarette smoke (CS) is a prominent cause of morbidity and death and poses a serious challenge to the current health care system worldwide. Its multifaceted roles have led to cardiovascular, respiratory, immunological, and neoplastic diseases. Recent Advances: CS influences both innate and adaptive immunity and regulates immune responses by exacerbating pathogenic immunological responses and/or suppressing defense immunity. There is substantial evidence pointing toward a critical role of CS in vascular immunopathology, but a comprehensive and up-to-date review is lacking. Critical Issues: This review aims to synthesize novel conceptual advances on the immunomodulatory action of CS with a focus on the cardiovascular system from the following perspectives: (i) the signaling of danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) receptors contributes to CS modulation of inflammation and immunity; (ii) CS reprograms immunometabolism and trained immunity-related metabolic pathways in innate immune cells and T cells, which can be sensed by the cytoplasmic (cytosolic and non-nuclear organelles) reactive oxygen species (ROS) system in vascular cells; (iii) how nuclear ROS drive CS-promoted DNA damage and cell death pathways, thereby amplifying inflammation and immune responses; and (iv) CS induces endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction and vascular inflammation to promote cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Future Directions: Despite significant progress in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms linking CS to immunity, further investigations are warranted to elucidate novel mechanisms responsible for CS-mediated immunopathology of CVDs; in particular, the research in redox regulation of immune functions of ECs and their fate affected by CS is still in its infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Saaoud
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ying Shao
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - William Cornwell
- Center for Inflammation and Lung Research, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Inflammation, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hong Wang
- Metabolic Disease Research and Thrombosis Research Centers, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Thomas J. Rogers
- Center for Inflammation and Lung Research, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Inflammation, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Metabolic Disease Research and Thrombosis Research Centers, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Henrot P, Dupin I, Schilfarth P, Esteves P, Blervaque L, Zysman M, Gouzi F, Hayot M, Pomiès P, Berger P. Main Pathogenic Mechanisms and Recent Advances in COPD Peripheral Skeletal Muscle Wasting. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076454. [PMID: 37047427 PMCID: PMC10095391 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a worldwide prevalent respiratory disease mainly caused by tobacco smoke exposure. COPD is now considered as a systemic disease with several comorbidities. Among them, skeletal muscle dysfunction affects around 20% of COPD patients and is associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Although the histological alterations are well characterized, including myofiber atrophy, a decreased proportion of slow-twitch myofibers, and a decreased capillarization and oxidative phosphorylation capacity, the molecular basis for muscle atrophy is complex and remains partly unknown. Major difficulties lie in patient heterogeneity, accessing patients' samples, and complex multifactorial process including extrinsic mechanisms, such as tobacco smoke or disuse, and intrinsic mechanisms, such as oxidative stress, hypoxia, or systemic inflammation. Muscle wasting is also a highly dynamic process whose investigation is hampered by the differential protein regulation according to the stage of atrophy. In this review, we report and discuss recent data regarding the molecular alterations in COPD leading to impaired muscle mass, including inflammation, hypoxia and hypercapnia, mitochondrial dysfunction, diverse metabolic changes such as oxidative and nitrosative stress and genetic and epigenetic modifications, all leading to an impaired anabolic/catabolic balance in the myocyte. We recapitulate data concerning skeletal muscle dysfunction obtained in the different rodent models of COPD. Finally, we propose several pathways that should be investigated in COPD skeletal muscle dysfunction in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Henrot
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33604 Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, F-33604 Pessac, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CIC 1401, Service de Pneumologie, F-33604 Pessac, France
| | - Isabelle Dupin
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33604 Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, F-33604 Pessac, France
| | - Pierre Schilfarth
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33604 Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, F-33604 Pessac, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CIC 1401, Service de Pneumologie, F-33604 Pessac, France
| | - Pauline Esteves
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33604 Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, F-33604 Pessac, France
| | - Léo Blervaque
- PhyMedExp, INSERM-CNRS-Montpellier University, F-34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Maéva Zysman
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33604 Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, F-33604 Pessac, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CIC 1401, Service de Pneumologie, F-33604 Pessac, France
| | - Fares Gouzi
- PhyMedExp, INSERM-CNRS-Montpellier University, CHRU Montpellier, F-34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Maurice Hayot
- PhyMedExp, INSERM-CNRS-Montpellier University, CHRU Montpellier, F-34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Pascal Pomiès
- PhyMedExp, INSERM-CNRS-Montpellier University, F-34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Berger
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33604 Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, F-33604 Pessac, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CIC 1401, Service de Pneumologie, F-33604 Pessac, France
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Decker ST, Alexandrou-Majaj N, Layec G. Effects of acute cigarette smoke concentrate exposure on mitochondrial energy transfer in fast- and slow-twitch skeletal muscle. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2023; 1864:148973. [PMID: 36972770 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2023.148973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying cigarette smoke-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle are still poorly understood. Accordingly, this study aimed to examine the effects of cigarette smoke on mitochondrial energy transfer in permeabilized muscle fibers from skeletal muscles with differing metabolic characteristics. The electron transport chain (ETC) capacity, ADP transport, and respiratory control by ADP were assessed in fast- and slow-twitch muscle fibers from C57BL/6 mice (n = 11) acutely exposed to cigarette smoke concentrate (CSC) using high-resolution respirometry. CSC decreased complex I-driven respiration in the white gastrocnemius (CONTROL:45.4 ± 11.2 pmolO2.s-1.mg-1 and CSC:27.5 ± 12.0 pmolO2.s-1.mg-1; p = 0.01) and soleus (CONTROL:63.0 ± 23.8 pmolO2.s-1.mg-1 and CSC:44.6 ± 11.1 pmolO2.s-1.mg-1; p = 0.04). In contrast, the effect of CSC on Complex II-linked respiration increased its relative contribution to muscle respiratory capacity in the white gastrocnemius muscle. The maximal respiratory activity of the ETC was significantly inhibited by CSC in both muscles. Furthermore, the respiration rate dependent on the ADP/ATP transport across the mitochondrial membrane was significantly impaired by CSC in the white gastrocnemius (CONTROL:-70 ± 18 %; CSC:-28 ± 10 %; p < 0.001), but not the soleus (CONTROL:47 ± 16 %; CSC:31 ± 7 %; p = 0.08). CSC also significantly impaired mitochondrial thermodynamic coupling in both muscles. Our findings underscore that acute CSC exposure directly inhibits oxidative phosphorylation in permeabilized muscle fibers. This effect was mediated by significant perturbations of the electron transfer in the respiratory complexes, especially at complex I, in both fast and slow twitch muscles. In contrast, CSC-induced inhibition of the exchange of ADP/ATP across the mitochondrial membrane was fiber-type specific, with a large effect on fast-twitch muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen T Decker
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA
| | | | - Gwenael Layec
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA; Institute for Applied Life Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA.
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Craciun OM, Ortolá R, Pascual JA, Pérez-Ortuño R, Galán Labaca I, Banegas JR, Rodríguez Artalejo F, García-Esquinas E. Secondhand Tobacco Smoke and Functional Impairments in Older Adults Living in the Community. NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON NICOTINE AND TOBACCO 2022; 24:2026-2034. [PMID: 35569063 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntac131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM There has been no comprehensive examination of the potential association of SHS with broad functional limitation assessment in older adults, where functional limitations are burdensome and challenging. METHODS We examined 2258 community-dwelling non-smoking older adults from the Seniors-Enrica-2-cohort. At baseline (2017) and follow-up (2019) grip strength was measured with a Jamar dynamometer, lower-extremity performance with the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), overall physical function using the physical component summary (PCS) of the Spanish version of the SF-12, frailty with a Deficits Accumulation Index (DAI), and mobility limitations with the Rosow-Breslau scale. Baseline exposure to SHS was assessed by serum cotinine, and past exposure was self-reported. Cross-sectional analyses were performed using linear and logistic regression models, whereas functional performance changes were examined using repeated measures models with robust SE estimates. RESULTS Overall, the median (IQR) serum cotinine concentration was 0.079 (0.035-0.175) ng/ml, with 20 participants presenting concentrations ≥3 ng/ml. Compared to the unexposed, fully-adjusted models showed that the highest exposure group (≥0.239 ng/ml) presented lower grip strength (mean difference: -1.05 kg; 95% CI = -1.80, -0.31) and higher DAI scores (1.52; 95% CI = 0.38, 2.66) at baseline. Similarly, in models of self-reported past exposure, never-smokers who had lived with ≥2 smokers or been exposed to higher SHS cumulative doses showed lower baseline SPPB values, higher DAI scores, and higher prevalence of mobility limitations. In prospective analyses, those in the highest quartile of baseline cotinine presented harmful SPPB [-0.24 (-0.46, -0.02)] and DAI [1.28 (0.00, 2.55)] changes, and higher risk of mobility limitations [hazard ratio: 1.64; 95% CI = 1.01, 2.68] than the unexposed. CONCLUSIONS SHS exposure over the life-course and during old age may accelerate functional decline. IMPLICATIONS This manuscript provides a comprehensive examination of the relationship between secondhand smoke exposure and a broad range of functional limitations in older adults. Results show that: (i) non-smokers who had been exposed to higher cumulative doses of SHS in adulthood show worse physical function than non-exposed. (ii) Exposure to SHS during old age, as measured with cotinine concentrations, is associated with accelerated short-term functional declines. (iii) The effects of SHS are stronger among older adults with chronic morbidities. (iv) Results suggest that more efforts are needed to protect older adults from passive smoking, especially to those with chronic conditions because of their potential greater vulnerability to the effects of SHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana M Craciun
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Microbiology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Ortolá
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Microbiology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose A Pascual
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raul Pérez-Ortuño
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iñaki Galán Labaca
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Microbiology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Chronic Diseases Epidemiology, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Health Institutes, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose R Banegas
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Microbiology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez Artalejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Microbiology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain.,IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther García-Esquinas
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Microbiology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Chronic Diseases Epidemiology, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Health Institutes, Madrid, Spain
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Correia TML, Almeida AA, da Silva DA, Coqueiro RDS, Pires RA, de Magalhães ACM, Queiroz RF, Brito LL, Marques LM, Machado M, Pereira R. Interaction between cigarette smoke exposure and physical training on inflammatory and oxidative profile in mice muscle. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 358:109913. [PMID: 35339431 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Regular physical training and cigarette smoke exposure (CSE) have opposite effects on physical performance, antioxidant, and inflammatory profile. However, the interaction between these events is not well studied. We aimed to investigate how regular physical training and CSE interact, and in what is the outcome of this interaction on the physical performance, skeletal muscle antioxidant defense and molecular profile response of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 8/group): 1) Sedentary group (SED); 2) 4 weeks of control, followed by 4 weeks of CSE (SED + CSEG); 3) Physically active (PA) along 8 weeks (forced swim training, 5 times a week); 4) Physically active and exposed to the cigarette smoke (PA + CSEG), group submitted to forced swim training for 4 weeks, followed by 4 weeks of concomitant training and CSE. Physical performance was evaluated before and after the experimental period (8 weeks), total peroxidase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, expression of genes encoding TNF-α, MCP-1, IL1β, IL-6, IL-10, TGF-β, HO-1 and the TNF-α/IL-10 ratio were determined from gastrocnemius muscle at the end of experimental period. The CSE attenuated the aerobic capacity adaptation (time to exhaustion in swimming forced test) promoted by physical training and inhibit the improvement in local muscle resistance (inverted screen test). The regular physical training enhanced the antioxidant defense, but the CSE abrogated this benefit. The CSE induced a harmful pro-inflammatory profile in skeletal muscle from sedentary animals whereas the regular physical training induced an opposite adaptation. Likewise, the CSE abolished the protective effect of physical training. Together, these results suggest a negative effect of CSE including, at least in part, the inhibition/attenuation of beneficial adaptations from regular physical training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Macêdo Lopes Correia
- Integrative Physiology Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, State Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Jequie, 45210-506, Bahia, Brazil; Multicentric Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences (Brazilian Society of Physiology), Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Vitoria da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Amanda Alves Almeida
- Integrative Physiology Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, State Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Jequie, 45210-506, Bahia, Brazil; Multicentric Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences (Brazilian Society of Physiology), Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Vitoria da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Danielba Almeida da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Biosciences, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Campus Anísio Teixeira, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Raildo da Silva Coqueiro
- Integrative Physiology Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, State Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Jequie, 45210-506, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ramon Alves Pires
- Integrative Physiology Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, State Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Jequie, 45210-506, Bahia, Brazil; Multicentric Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Brazilian Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology), Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Vitoria da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Amelia Cristina Mendes de Magalhães
- Multicentric Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences (Brazilian Society of Physiology), Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Vitoria da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Raphael Ferreira Queiroz
- Multicentric Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Brazilian Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology), Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Vitoria da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Biosciences, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Campus Anísio Teixeira, Vitória da Conquista, Brazil
| | - Lorena Lôbo Brito
- Multicentric Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences (Brazilian Society of Physiology), Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Vitoria da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Lucas Miranda Marques
- Multicentric Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences (Brazilian Society of Physiology), Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Vitoria da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Marco Machado
- Universitary Foundation of Itaperuna (FUNITA), Itaperuna, RJ, Brazil; Laboratory of Physiology and Biokinetic, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Health, Iguaçu University, Campus V, Itaperuna, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rafael Pereira
- Integrative Physiology Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, State Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Jequie, 45210-506, Bahia, Brazil; Multicentric Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences (Brazilian Society of Physiology), Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Vitoria da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil; Multicentric Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Brazilian Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology), Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Vitoria da Conquista, Bahia, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Nursing and Health, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Jequie, 45210-506, Bahia, Brazil.
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7
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Albarrati A, Taher M, Nazer R, Alshameri T. The immediate effect of thoracolumbar manipulation and diaphragmatic release on inspiratory muscle strength in healthy smokers: A randomized clinical trial. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2022; 35:85-91. [PMID: 34151820 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-200182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diaphragmatic release technique and thoracolumbar manipulation have been found effective in restoring normal diaphragmatic movement in healthy and diseased populations. Smoking has deleterious effects on human systems, including the musculoskeletal system. OBJECTIVE The current study aimed to investigate the immediate effects of diaphragmatic release technique and thoracolumbar manipulation on diaphragm muscle strength in healthy smokers. METHODS A double-blinded randomized clinical trial was conducted on 30 asymptomatic healthy smokers randomly assigned into two groups [intervention group (IG) and sham group (SG)] with 15 participants each. The IG received thoracolumbar manipulation and diaphragmatic release techniques, while the SG received no active treatment. The outcome measure was sniff nasal inspiratory pressure (SNIP). RESULTS The IG showed a significant increase in the SNIP with a mean difference of 20.13 cmH2O (95% CI: 13.62-26.64; P< 0.001), while the SG had a reduction in the SNIP value -3.27 cmH2O (95% CI: -0.65 to -5.89; P= 0.02). Diaphragmatic release technique and thoracolumbar manipulation significantly improved SNIP values immediately after the intervention, with a between-group difference of 31.07 cmH2O (95% CI: 15.26-46.87; P< 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Diaphragmatic release technique and thoracolumbar manipulation increased the diaphragm strength in healthy adult smokers, suggesting its potential utility in the management of participants with reduced respiratory muscle strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Albarrati
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, College of Applied Medical Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Taher
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, College of Applied Medical Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rakan Nazer
- Department of Cardiac Science, King Fahad Cardiac Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamer Alshameri
- Rehabilitation Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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8
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Ajime TT, Serré J, Wüst RCI, Burniston JG, Maes K, Janssens W, Troosters T, Gayan-Ramirez G, Degens H. The combination of smoking with vitamin D deficiency impairs skeletal muscle fiber hypertrophy in response to overload in mice. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 131:339-351. [PMID: 34080919 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00733.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency, which is highly prevalent in the general population, exerts similar deleterious effects on skeletal muscles to those induced by cigarette smoking. We examined whether cigarette smoke (CS) exposure and/or vitamin D deficiency impairs the skeletal muscle hypertrophic response to overload. Male C57Bl/6JolaH mice on a normal or vitamin D-deficient diet were exposed to CS or room air for 18 wk. Six weeks after initiation of smoke or air exposure, sham surgery or denervation of the agonists of the left plantaris muscle was performed. The right leg served as internal control. Twelve weeks later, the hypertrophic response was assessed. CS exposure instigated loss of body and muscle mass, and increased lung inflammatory cell infiltration (P < 0.05), independently of diet. Maximal exercise capacity, whole body strength, in situ plantaris muscle force, and key markers of hypertrophic signaling (Akt, 4EBP1, and FoxO1) were not significantly affected by smoking or diet. The increase in plantaris muscle fiber cross-sectional area in response to overload was attenuated in vitamin D-deficient CS-exposed mice (smoking × diet interaction for hypertrophy, P = 0.03). In situ fatigue resistance was elevated in hypertrophied plantaris, irrespective of vitamin D deficiency and/or CS exposure. In conclusion, our data show that CS exposure or vitamin D deficiency alone did not attenuate the hypertrophic response of overloaded plantaris muscles, but this hypertrophic response was weakened when both conditions were combined. These data suggest that current smokers who also present with vitamin D deficiency may be less likely to respond to a training program.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Plantaris hypertrophy caused by compensatory overload after denervation of the soleus and gastrocnemius muscles showed increased mass and fiber dimensions, but to a lesser extent when vitamin D deficiency was combined with cigarette smoking. Fatigue resistance was elevated in hypertrophied plantaris, irrespective of diet or smoking, whereas physical fitness, hypertrophic markers, and in situ plantaris force were similar. These data showed that the hypertrophic response to overload is attenuated when both conditions are combined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Tanjeko Ajime
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Research Group for Rehabilitation in Internal Disorders, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Life Sciences, Research Center for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jef Serré
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rob C I Wüst
- Laboratory of Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jatin G Burniston
- Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Maes
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Janssens
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thierry Troosters
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Research Group for Rehabilitation in Internal Disorders, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ghislaine Gayan-Ramirez
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Degens
- Department of Life Sciences, Research Center for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Department of Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
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9
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Ajime TT, Serré J, Wüst RCI, Messa GAM, Poffé C, Swaminathan A, Maes K, Janssens W, Troosters T, Degens H, Gayan-Ramirez G. Two Weeks of Smoking Cessation Reverse Cigarette Smoke-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Mice. Nicotine Tob Res 2021; 23:143-151. [PMID: 31965191 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntaa016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Apart from its adverse effects on the respiratory system, cigarette smoking also induces skeletal muscle atrophy and dysfunction. Whether short-term smoking cessation can restore muscle mass and function is unknown. We, therefore, studied the impact of 1- and 2-week smoking cessation on skeletal muscles in a mouse model. METHODS Male mice were divided into four groups: Air-exposed (14 weeks); cigarette smoke (CS)-exposed (14 weeks); CS-exposed (13 weeks) followed by 1-week cessation; CS-exposed (12 weeks) followed by 2 weeks cessation to examine exercise capacity, physical activity levels, body composition, muscle function, capillarization, mitochondrial function and protein expression in the soleus, plantaris, and diaphragm muscles. RESULTS CS-induced loss of body and muscle mass was significantly improved within 1 week of cessation due to increased lean and fat mass. Mitochondrial respiration and protein levels of the respiratory complexes in the soleus were lower in CS-exposed mice, but similar to control values after 2 weeks of cessation. Exposing isolated soleus muscles to CS extracts reduced mitochondrial respiration that was reversed after removing the extract. While physical activity was reduced in all groups, exercise capacity, limb muscle force, fatigue resistance, fiber size and capillarization, and diaphragm cytoplasmic HIF-1α were unaltered by CS-exposure. However, CS-induced diaphragm atrophy and increased capillary density were not seen after 2 weeks of smoking cessation. CONCLUSION In male mice, 2 weeks of smoking cessation reversed smoking-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, limb muscle mass loss, and diaphragm muscle atrophy, highlighting immediate benefits of cessation on skeletal muscles. IMPLICATIONS Our study demonstrates that CS-induced skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction and atrophy are significantly improved by 2 weeks of cessation in male mice. We show for the first time that smoking cessation as short as 1 to 2 weeks is associated with immediate beneficial effects on skeletal muscle structure and function with the diaphragm being particularly sensitive to CS-exposure and cessation. This could help motivate smokers to quit smoking as early as possible. The knowledge that smoking cessation has potential positive extrapulmonary effects is particularly relevant for patients referred to rehabilitation programs and those admitted to hospitals suffering from acute or chronic muscle deterioration yet struggling with smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Tanjeko Ajime
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Research Group for Rehabilitation in Internal Disorders, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Life Sciences, Research Center for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Jef Serré
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rob C I Wüst
- Laboratory of Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Guy Anselme Mpaka Messa
- Department of Life Sciences, Research Center for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Chiel Poffé
- Exercise Physiology Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Karen Maes
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Janssens
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thierry Troosters
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Research Group for Rehabilitation in Internal Disorders, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Degens
- Department of Life Sciences, Research Center for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.,Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ghislaine Gayan-Ramirez
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing (CHROMETA), KU-Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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10
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Thirupathi A, Scarparo S, Silva PL, Marqueze LF, Vasconcelos FTF, Nagashima S, Cunha EBB, de Noronha L, Silveira PCL, Nesi RT, Gu Y, Pinho RA. Physical Exercise-Mediated Changes in Redox Profile Contribute to Muscle Remodeling After Passive Hand-Rolled Cornhusk Cigarette Smoke Exposure. Front Physiol 2020; 11:590962. [PMID: 33281621 PMCID: PMC7705113 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.590962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of non-traditional cigarettes has increased considerably worldwide, and they can induce skeletal muscle dysfunction. Physical exercise has been demonstrated to be important for prevention and treatment of smoking-related diseases. Therfore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of combined physical exercise (aerobic plus resistance exercise) on muscle histoarchitecture and oxidative stress in the animals exposed chronically to smoke from hand-rolled cornhusk cigarette (HRCC). Male Swiss mice were exposed to ambient air or passively to the smoke of 12 cigarettes over three daily sessions (four cigarettes per session) for 30 consecutive days with or without combined physical training. 48 h after the last training session, total leukocyte count was measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and the quadriceps were removed for histological/immunohistochemical analysis and measurement of oxidative stress parameters. The effects of HRCC on the number of leukocytes in BALF, muscle fiber diameter, central nuclei, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) were reverted after combined physical training. In addition, increased myogenic factor 5, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), reduced transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and nitrate levels were observed after physical training. However, the reduction in superoxide dismutase and glutathione/glutathione oxidized ratio induced by HRCC was not affected by the training program. These results suggest the important changes in the skeletal muscle brought about by HRCC-induced alteration in the muscle redox profile. In addition, combined physical exercise contributes to remodeling without disrupting muscle morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia Scarparo
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Paulo L Silva
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Luis F Marqueze
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry in Health, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Franciane T F Vasconcelos
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry in Health, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Seigo Nagashima
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Eduardo B B Cunha
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry in Health, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Lúcia de Noronha
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Paulo C L Silveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Renata T Nesi
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry in Health, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ricardo A Pinho
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry in Health, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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11
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Petrakis D, Margină D, Tsarouhas K, Tekos F, Stan M, Nikitovic D, Kouretas D, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis A. Obesity ‑ a risk factor for increased COVID‑19 prevalence, severity and lethality (Review). Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:9-19. [PMID: 32377709 PMCID: PMC7248467 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronaviruses (CoVs), enveloped positive-sense RNA viruses, are a group of viruses that cause infections in the human respiratory tract, which can be characterized clinically from mild to fatal. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) is the virus responsible. The global spread of COVID‑19 can be described as the worst pandemic in humanity in the last century. To date, COVID‑19 has infected more than 3,000,000 people worldwide and killed more than 200,000 people. All age groups can be infected from the virus, but more serious symptoms that can possibly result in death are observed in older people and those with underlying medical conditions such as cardiovascular and pulmonary disease. Novel data report more severe symptoms and even a negative prognosis for the obese patients. A growing body of evidence connects obesity with COVID‑19 and a number of mechanisms from immune system activity attenuation to chronic inflammation are implicated. Lipid peroxidation creates reactive lipid aldehydes which in a patient with metabolic disorder and COVID‑19 will affect its prognosis. Finally, pregnancy‑associated obesity needs to be studied further in connection to COVID‑19 as this infection could pose high risk both to pregnant women and the fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetrios Petrakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71409 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Denisa Margină
- ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Fotios Tekos
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Miriana Stan
- ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71409 Heraklion, Greece
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12
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Pérez-Rial S, Barreiro E, Fernández-Aceñero MJ, Fernández-Valle ME, González-Mangado N, Peces-Barba G. Early detection of skeletal muscle bioenergetic deficit by magnetic resonance spectroscopy in cigarette smoke-exposed mice. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234606. [PMID: 32569331 PMCID: PMC7307759 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle dysfunction is a common complication and an important prognostic factor in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is associated with intrinsic muscular abnormalities of the lower extremities, but it is not known whether there is an easy way to predict its presence. Using a mouse model of chronic cigarette smoke exposure, we tested the hypothesis that magnetic resonance spectroscopy allows us to detect muscle bioenergetic deficit in early stages of lung disease. We employed this technique to evaluate the synthesis rate of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and characterize concomitant mitochondrial dynamics patterns in the gastrocnemius muscle of emphysematous mice. The fibers type composition and citrate synthase (CtS) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV (COX4) enzymatic activities were evaluated. We found that the rate of ATP synthesis was reduced in the distal skeletal muscle of mice exposed to cigarette smoke. Emphysematous mice showed a significant reduction in body weight gain, in the cross-sectional area of the total fiber and in the COX4 to CtS activity ratio, due to a significant increase in CtS activity of the gastrocnemius muscle. Taken together, these data support the hypothesis that in the early stage of lung disease, we can detect a decrease in ATP synthesis in skeletal muscle, partly caused by high oxidative mitochondrial enzyme activity. These findings may be relevant to predict the presence of skeletal bioenergetic deficit in the early stage of lung disease besides placing the mitochondria as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of COPD comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Pérez-Rial
- Respiratory Research Unit, Biomedical Research Institute—Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, M.P (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Barreiro
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, M.P (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Respiratory Medicine Department—Muscle Wasting and Cachexia in Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Lung Cancer Research Group, Institute of Medical Research of Hospital del Mar, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Nicolás González-Mangado
- Respiratory Research Unit, Biomedical Research Institute—Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, M.P (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Germán Peces-Barba
- Respiratory Research Unit, Biomedical Research Institute—Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
- Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, M.P (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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13
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Chan SMH, Cerni C, Passey S, Seow HJ, Bernardo I, van der Poel C, Dobric A, Brassington K, Selemidis S, Bozinovski S, Vlahos R. Cigarette Smoking Exacerbates Skeletal Muscle Injury without Compromising Its Regenerative Capacity. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 62:217-230. [PMID: 31461300 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0106oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease negatively impacts quality of life and survival. Cigarette smoking (CS) is the major risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and skeletal muscle dysfunction; however, how CS affects skeletal muscle function remains enigmatic. To examine the impact of CS on skeletal muscle inflammation and regeneration, male BALB/c mice were exposed to CS for 8 weeks before muscle injury was induced by barium chloride injection, and were maintained on the CS protocol for up to 21 days after injury. Barium chloride injection resulted in architectural damage to the tibialis anterior muscle, resulting in a decrease contractile function, which was worsened by CS exposure. CS exposure caused muscle atrophy (reduction in gross weight and myofiber cross-sectional area) and altered fiber type composition (31% reduction of oxidative fibers). Both contractile function and loss in myofiber cross-sectional area by CS exposure gradually recovered over time. Satellite cells are muscle stem cells that confer skeletal muscle the plasticity to adapt to changing demands. CS exposure blunted Pax7+ centralized nuclei within satellite cells and thus prevented the activation of these muscle stem cells. Finally, CS triggered muscle inflammation; in particular, there was an exacerbated recruitment of F4/80+ monocytic cells to the site of injury along with enhanced proinflammatory cytokine expression. In conclusion, CS exposure amplified the local inflammatory response at the site of skeletal muscle injury, and this was associated with impaired satellite cell activation, leading to a worsened muscle injury and contractile function without detectable impacts on the recovery outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley M H Chan
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Claudia Cerni
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Samantha Passey
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Huei Jiunn Seow
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Ivan Bernardo
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Chris van der Poel
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aleksandar Dobric
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Kurt Brassington
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Stavros Selemidis
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Steven Bozinovski
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Ross Vlahos
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia; and
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14
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Li J, Lu Y, Li N, Li P, Su J, Wang Z, Wang T, Yang Z, Yang Y, Chen H, Xiao L, Duan H, Wu W, Liu X. Muscle metabolomics analysis reveals potential biomarkers of exercise‑dependent improvement of the diaphragm function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Mol Med 2020; 45:1644-1660. [PMID: 32186768 PMCID: PMC7169662 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Decreased diaphragm function is a crucial factor leading to reduced ventilatory efficiency and worsening of quality of life in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Exercise training has been demonstrated to effectively improve the function of the diaphragm. However, the mechanism of this process has not been identified. The emergence of metabolomics has allowed the exploration of new ideas. The present study aimed to analyze the potential biomarkers of exercise-dependent enhancement of diaphragm function in COPD using metabolomics. Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups: COPD + exercise group (CEG); COPD model group (CMG); and control group (CG). The first two groups were exposed to cigarette smoke for 16 weeks to establish a COPD model. Then, the rats in the CEG underwent aerobic exercise training for 9 weeks. Following confirmation that exercise effectively improved the diaphragm function, a gas chromatography tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis system was used to detect the differential metabolites and associated pathways in the diaphragm muscles of the different groups. Following exercise intervention, the pulmonary function and diaphragm contractility of the CEG rats were significantly improved compared with those of the CMG rats. A total of 36 different metabolites were identified in the comparison between the CMG and the CG. Pathway enrichment analysis indicated that these different metabolites were involved in 17 pathways. A total of 29 different metabolites were identified in the comparison between the CMG and the CEG, which are involved in 14 pathways. Candidate biomarkers were selected, and the pathways analysis of these metabolites demonstrated that 2 types of metabolic pathways, the nicotinic acid and nicotinamide metabolism and arginine and proline metabolism pathways, were associated with exercise-induced pulmonary rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Yufan Lu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Peijun Li
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Jianqing Su
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Zhengrong Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoyu Yang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Yahui Yang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Haixia Chen
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Lu Xiao
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Hongxia Duan
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Weibing Wu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
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15
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Carrasco-Rios M, Ortolá R, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, García-Esquinas E. Exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke is associated with reduced muscle strength in US adults. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:12674-12684. [PMID: 31815682 PMCID: PMC6949081 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure is a well-established risk factor for several diseases in adults. Despite the evidence that active tobacco smoke is harmful for the muscles, the association between SHS and muscle strength is still uncertain.We analyzed data from 5390 nonsmoking U.S. adults aged >30 years who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. Exposure to SHS was assessed with serum cotinine concentrations. Grip strength was measured using a Takei digital handgrip dynamometer, and combined grip strength was calculated as the sum of the largest reading from each hand. Median (interquartile range) serum cotinine and grip strength were 0.015 ng/mL (IQR 0.011-0.36) and 65.5 kg (IQR 53.4-86.4), respectively. After adjusting for sociodemographic, anthropometric, health-related behavioral, and clinical risk factors, the highest (0.047-9.9 ng/mL) vs lowest (≤0.011 ng/mL) quartile of serum cotinine was associated with a reduction in combined grip strength of 1.41 kg (95%CI: -2.58, -0.24), p-trend=0.02. These results were consistent across socio-demographic and clinical subgroups. In the US nonsmoking adult population, even low levels of exposure to passive smoking were associated with decreased grip strength. Despite great achievements in tobacco control, extending public health interventions to reduce SHS exposure is still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Carrasco-Rios
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/ IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Ortolá
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/ IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/ IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther García-Esquinas
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/ IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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16
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Barreiro E, Wang X, Tang J. COPD: preclinical models and emerging therapeutic targets. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2019; 23:829-838. [DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2019.1667976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Barreiro
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Muscle Wasting and Cachexia in Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Lung Cancer Research Group, Institute of Medical Research of Hospital del Mar (IMIM)-Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Health Sciences (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xuejie Wang
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Muscle Wasting and Cachexia in Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Lung Cancer Research Group, Institute of Medical Research of Hospital del Mar (IMIM)-Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jun Tang
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Muscle Wasting and Cachexia in Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Lung Cancer Research Group, Institute of Medical Research of Hospital del Mar (IMIM)-Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Xiao J, Caan BJ, Cespedes Feliciano EM, Meyerhardt JA, Kroenke CH, Baracos VE, Weltzien E, Kwan ML, Alexeeff SE, Castillo AL, Prado CM. The association of medical and demographic characteristics with sarcopenia and low muscle radiodensity in patients with nonmetastatic colorectal cancer. Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 109:615-625. [PMID: 30850836 PMCID: PMC6408202 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia and low skeletal muscle radiodensity (SMD) have been associated with adverse outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC); however, factors contributing to these 2 muscle abnormalities are unclear. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the association of medical and demographic characteristics with muscle abnormalities among patients with nonmetastatic CRC. METHODS Patients with stage I-III invasive CRC (2006-11) who had diagnostic computed tomography (CT) available from Kaiser Permanente Northern California electronic medical records were included. CT-assessed sarcopenia and low SMD were defined according to optimal stratification. Logistic regressions including age, stage, site, total adipose tissue (TAT), race/ethnicity, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, smoking history, alcohol use, and Charlson Comorbidity Score were performed to identify characteristics associated with muscle abnormalities. RESULTS The study included 3262 patients (49.9% females) with a mean ± SD age of 62.6 ± 11.4 y. Sarcopenia and low SMD were highly prevalent (42.4% and 29.6%, respectively). Age and sex interactions were noted for muscle mass, but not SMD. Age was associated with higher odds of muscle abnormalities in a dose-response manner. Compared with those aged ≤50 y, patients aged 70-80 y had considerably higher odds (OR: 6.19; 95% CI: 4.72, 8.11) of sarcopenia, and low SMD (OR: 17.81; 95% CI: 11.73, 27.03). High TAT was related to a higher odds of low SMD (OR: 9.62; 95% CI: 7.37, 12.56), but lower odds of sarcopenia (OR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.48, 0.71). Compared with Caucasians, African Americans had lower odds of sarcopenia and low SMD. Patients with a higher neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio had higher odds of having both muscle abnormalities. Patients who were smokers or had any comorbidity had higher odds of low SMD, but not sarcopenia. CONCLUSIONS Muscle abnormalities were common in patients with nonmetastatic CRC, with great variability in muscle mass and SMD across age, TAT, and race/ethnicity. Factors associated with muscle abnormalities may be used to facilitate risk stratification and the guidance of targeted strategies to counteract these abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjie Xiao
- Human Nutrition Research Unit, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science
| | - Bette J Caan
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
| | | | - Jeffrey A Meyerhardt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Candyce H Kroenke
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
| | - Vickie E Baracos
- Division of Palliative Care Medicine, Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Erin Weltzien
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
| | - Marilyn L Kwan
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
| | - Stacey E Alexeeff
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
| | | | - Carla M Prado
- Human Nutrition Research Unit, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science ,Address correspondence to CMP (e-mail: )
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Bubnova MG, Aronov DM, Novikova NK. Influence of tobacco smoking on clinical efficacy of a 1-year rehabilitation programme for myocardial infarction patients of economically active age. КАРДИОВАСКУЛЯРНАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ И ПРОФИЛАКТИКА 2018. [DOI: 10.15829/1728-8800-2018-4-26-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim. Evaluation of the efficacy of 1-year exercise based program (EP) in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients of economically active age after acute myocardial infarction (MI), depending on smoking status.Material and methods. To the study, males included (n=338) after MI (not later than 3 weeks from the event). Four groups shaped by randomization: EP patients smokers (group 1, n=84), EP non-smokers (group 2, n=85); no EP smokers (group 3, n=85) and no EP non-smokers (group 4, n=84). All patients received standard medication treatment. The EP were added, of moderate intensity (50-60% from the load in exercise test) 3 times a week during 1 year.Results. After EP in smokers (n=41) and non-smokers (n=85) there was an increase of load duration by 30,3% (p<0,001) and by 28,4% (p<0,001), and its intensity by 31,2% (p<0,001) and 30,8% (p<0,001), with 3,8% (p<0,01) increase of economicity of physical work, but only in smokers. With no EP only in non-smokers there was slight increase of exercise duration by 10,1% (p<0,01) and its intensity by 11,1% (p<0,05), but milder, and in smokers, in contrary, the economicity parameter declined by 13,3% (p<0,05). This was linked with the heart size enlargement and the left ventricle ejection fraction increase in smokers and non-smokers; in the absence of EP there were no changes, just slight (by 1,9%) (p<0,05) increase of the left ventricle ejection fraction in non-smokers. Only at EP, with similar grade in smokers and non-smokers there was decrease of atherogenic lipids levels and high density cholesterol increase. In 1 year of EP, all cases of cardiovascular adverse events significantly decreased in smokers by 44,8% (р<0,05) and in nonsmokers by 50,9% (р<0,05).Conclusion. Long term (1 year) EP of moderate intensity, in both smokers and non-smokers MI patients lead to stable disease course, decrease the rate of cardiovascuar complications and improve patients life quality. However the “smoking factor” decreases rehabilitational potentional of patient and interferes with better results achievement in cardiorehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. G. Bubnova
- National Medical Research Centre of Prevention Medicine of the Ministry of Health
| | - D. M. Aronov
- National Medical Research Centre of Prevention Medicine of the Ministry of Health
| | - N. K. Novikova
- National Medical Research Centre of Prevention Medicine of the Ministry of Health
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Nogueira L, Trisko BM, Lima‐Rosa FL, Jackson J, Lund‐Palau H, Yamaguchi M, Breen EC. Cigarette smoke directly impairs skeletal muscle function through capillary regression and altered myofibre calcium kinetics in mice. J Physiol 2018; 596:2901-2916. [PMID: 29797443 PMCID: PMC6046067 DOI: 10.1113/jp275888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Cigarette smoke components directly alter muscle fatigue resistance and intracellular muscle fibre Ca2+ handling independent of a change in lung structure. Changes in muscle vascular structure are associated with a depletion of satellite cells. Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ uptake is substantially impaired in myofibres during fatiguing contractions in mice treated with cigarette smoke extract. ABSTRACT Cigarette smokers exhibit exercise intolerance before a decline in respiratory function. In the present study, the direct effects of cigarette smoke on limb muscle function were tested by comparing cigarette smoke delivered to mice by weekly injections of cigarette smoke extract (CSE), or nose-only exposure (CS) 5 days each week, for 8 weeks. Cigarette smoke delivered by either route did not alter pulmonary airspace size. Muscle fatigue measured in situ was 50% lower in the CSE and CS groups than in control. This was accompanied by 34% and 22% decreases in soleus capillary-to-fibre ratio of the CSE and CS groups, respectively, and a trend for fewer skeletal muscle actin-positive arterioles (P = 0.07). In addition, fewer quiescent satellite cells (Nes+Pax7+) were associated with soleus fibres in mice with skeletal myofibre VEGF gene deletion (decreased 47%) and CS exposed (decreased 73%) than with control fibres. Contractile properties of isolated extensor digitorum longus and soleus muscles were impaired. In flexor digitorum brevis myofibres isolated from CSE mice, fatigue resistance was diminished by 43% compared to control and CS myofibres, and this was accompanied by a pronounced slowing in relaxation, an increase in intracellular Ca2+ accumulation, and a slowing in sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ uptake. These data suggest that cigarette smoke components may impair hindlimb muscle vascular structure, fatigue resistance and myofibre calcium handling, and these changes ultimately affect contractile efficiency of locomotor muscles independent of a change in lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Nogueira
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis (IBqM‐LDM)Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroRJBrazil
| | - Breanna M. Trisko
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Frederico L. Lima‐Rosa
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis (IBqM‐LDM)Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroRJBrazil
| | - Jason Jackson
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Helena Lund‐Palau
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Masahiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Physiology, Kochi Medical SchoolKochi UniversityKochiJapan
| | - Ellen C. Breen
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
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20
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Barreiro E, Jaitovich A. Muscle atrophy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: molecular basis and potential therapeutic targets. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:S1415-S1424. [PMID: 29928523 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.04.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) experience several systemic manifestations such skeletal muscle dysfunction with and without muscle mass loss. Moreover, frequent comorbidities such as nutritional abnormalities, heart failure, and pulmonary hypertension, which are frequently associated with COPD may further contribute to skeletal muscle mass loss and dysfunction. Muscle dysfunction impairs the patients' exercise capacity and quality of life as daily life activities may be hampered by this problem. Importantly, impaired muscle function and mass loss have been shown to impact negatively on the patients' prognosis and survival in several studies. Thus, this is a major clinical problem that deserves special attention in clinical settings. During the course of exacerbations muscle mass loss takes place, hence aggravating muscle status and performance even after hospital discharge, especially in the frequently exacerbator patients. Several factors and biological mechanisms are involved in the etiology of COPD muscle dysfunction. The biological mechanisms identified so far offer a niche for therapeutic interventions in the patients. In the current review, a general overview of the most relevant etiologic factors and their target biological mechanisms through which muscle mass loss and dysfunction take place in both the respiratory and lower limb muscles in COPD patients is provided. We conclude that more clinical research is still needed targeted to test several therapeutic interventions. Given its prognostic value, the assessment of skeletal muscle dysfunction should be included in the routine evaluation of patients with chronic respiratory disorders and in critical care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Barreiro
- Respiratory Medicine Department-Muscle Wasting and Cachexia in Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Lung Cancer Research Group, Institute of Medical Research of Hospital del Mar (IMIM)-Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ariel Jaitovich
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
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21
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Greising SM, Ottenheijm CAC, O'Halloran KD, Barreiro E. Diaphragm plasticity in aging and disease: therapies for muscle weakness go from strength to strength. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2018; 125:243-253. [PMID: 29672230 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01059.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The diaphragm is the main inspiratory muscle and is required to be highly active throughout the life span. The diaphragm muscle must be able to produce and sustain various behaviors that range from ventilatory to nonventilatory such as those required for airway maintenance and clearance. Throughout the life span various circumstances and conditions may affect the ability of the diaphragm muscle to generate requisite forces, and in turn the diaphragm muscle may undergo significant weakness and dysfunction. For example, hypoxic stress, critical illness, cancer cachexia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, and age-related sarcopenia all represent conditions in which significant diaphragm muscle dysfunction exits. This perspective review article presents several interesting topics involving diaphragm plasticity in aging and disease that were presented at the International Union of Physiological Sciences Conference in 2017. This review seeks to maximize the broad and collective research impact on diaphragm muscle dysfunction in the search for transformative treatment approaches to improve the diaphragm muscle health during aging and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Greising
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota.,School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Coen A C Ottenheijm
- Department of Physiology, VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , The Netherlands.,Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ken D O'Halloran
- Department of Physiology, University College Cork , Cork , Ireland
| | - Esther Barreiro
- Pulmonology Department-Muscle Wasting and Cachexia in Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Lung Cancer Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Health and Experimental Sciences Department, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, Barcelona , Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Barcelona , Spain
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22
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van den Berg M, Hooijman PE, Beishuizen A, de Waard MC, Paul MA, Hartemink KJ, van Hees HWH, Lawlor MW, Brocca L, Bottinelli R, Pellegrino MA, Stienen GJM, Heunks LMA, Wüst RCI, Ottenheijm CAC. Diaphragm Atrophy and Weakness in the Absence of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Critically Ill. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 196:1544-1558. [PMID: 28787181 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201703-0501oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The clinical significance of diaphragm weakness in critically ill patients is evident: it prolongs ventilator dependency and increases morbidity, duration of hospital stay, and health care costs. The mechanisms underlying diaphragm weakness are unknown, but might include mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. OBJECTIVES We hypothesized that weakness of diaphragm muscle fibers in critically ill patients is accompanied by impaired mitochondrial function and structure, and by increased markers of oxidative stress. METHODS To test these hypotheses, we studied contractile force, mitochondrial function, and mitochondrial structure in diaphragm muscle fibers. Fibers were isolated from diaphragm biopsies of 36 mechanically ventilated critically ill patients and compared with those isolated from biopsies of 27 patients with suspected early-stage lung malignancy (control subjects). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Diaphragm muscle fibers from critically ill patients displayed significant atrophy and contractile weakness, but lacked impaired mitochondrial respiration and increased levels of oxidative stress markers. Mitochondrial energy status and morphology were not altered, despite a lower content of fusion proteins. CONCLUSIONS Critically ill patients have manifest diaphragm muscle fiber atrophy and weakness in the absence of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Thus, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress do not play a causative role in the development of atrophy and contractile weakness of the diaphragm in critically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Albertus Beishuizen
- 2 Department of Intensive Care, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | | | - Marinus A Paul
- 4 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Vrije Universiteit (VU) University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Koen J Hartemink
- 5 Department of Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Michael W Lawlor
- 7 Division of Pediatric Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | | | - Roberto Bottinelli
- 8 Department of Molecular Medicine.,10 Interdepartmental Center for Biology and Sport Medicine, and.,9 Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri (IRCCS), Scientific Institute of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria A Pellegrino
- 8 Department of Molecular Medicine.,10 Interdepartmental Center for Biology and Sport Medicine, and.,11 Interuniversity Institute of Myology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ger J M Stienen
- 1 Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences.,12 Faculty of Science, Department of Physics and Astronomy, VU Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Rob C I Wüst
- 1 Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences.,13 Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; and
| | - Coen A C Ottenheijm
- 1 Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences.,14 Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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23
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Salazar-Degracia A, Busquets S, Argilés JM, López-Soriano FJ, Barreiro E. Formoterol attenuates increased oxidative stress and myosin protein loss in respiratory and limb muscles of cancer cachectic rats. PeerJ 2017; 5:e4109. [PMID: 29255650 PMCID: PMC5732544 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle mass loss and wasting are characteristic features of patients with chronic conditions including cancer. Therapeutic options are still scarce. We hypothesized that cachexia-induced muscle oxidative stress may be attenuated in response to treatment with beta2-adrenoceptor-selective agonist formoterol in rats. In diaphragm and gastrocnemius of tumor-bearing rats (108 AH-130 Yoshida ascites hepatoma cells inoculated intraperitoneally) with and without treatment with formoterol (0.3 mg/kg body weight/day for seven days, daily subcutaneous injection), redox balance (protein oxidation and nitration and antioxidants) and muscle proteins (1-dimensional immunoblots), carbonylated proteins (2-dimensional immunoblots), inflammatory cells (immunohistochemistry), and mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) complex activities were explored. In the gastrocnemius, but not the diaphragm, of cancer cachectic rats compared to the controls, protein oxidation and nitration levels were increased, several functional and structural proteins were carbonylated, and in both study muscles, myosin content was reduced, inflammatory cell counts were greater, while no significant differences were seen in MRC complex activities (I, II, and IV). Treatment of cachectic rats with formoterol attenuated all the events in both respiratory and limb muscles. In this in vivo model of cancer-cachectic rats, the diaphragm is more resistant to oxidative stress. Formoterol treatment attenuated the rise in oxidative stress in the limb muscles, inflammatory cell infiltration, and the loss of myosin content seen in both study muscles, whereas no effects were observed in the MRC complex activities. These findings have therapeutic implications as they demonstrate beneficial effects of the beta2 agonist through decreased protein oxidation and inflammation in cachectic muscles, especially the gastrocnemius.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Salazar-Degracia
- Pulmonology Department-Muscle Wasting and Cachexia in Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Lung Cancer Research Group, Health and Experimental Sciences Department (CEXS), IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sílvia Busquets
- Cancer Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M Argilés
- Cancer Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco J López-Soriano
- Cancer Research Group, Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Barreiro
- Pulmonology Department-Muscle Wasting and Cachexia in Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Lung Cancer Research Group, Health and Experimental Sciences Department (CEXS), IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
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24
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Rocha NDN, de Oliveira MV, Braga CL, Guimarães G, Maia LDA, Padilha GDA, Silva JD, Takiya CM, Capelozzi VL, Silva PL, Rocco PRM. Ghrelin therapy improves lung and cardiovascular function in experimental emphysema. Respir Res 2017; 18:185. [PMID: 29100513 PMCID: PMC5670513 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0668-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Emphysema is a progressive disease characterized by irreversible airspace enlargement followed by a decline in lung function. It also causes extrapulmonary effects, such as loss of body mass and cor pulmonale, which are associated with shorter survival and worse clinical outcomes. Ghrelin, a growth-hormone secretagogue, stimulates muscle anabolism, has anti-inflammatory effects, promotes vasodilation, and improves cardiac performance. Therefore, we hypothesized that ghrelin might reduce lung inflammation and remodelling as well as improve lung mechanics and cardiac function in experimental emphysema. Methods Forty female C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned into two main groups: control (C) and emphysema (ELA). In the ELA group (n=20), animals received four intratracheal instillations of pancreatic porcine elastase (PPE) at 1-week intervals. C animals (n=20) received saline alone (50 μL) using the same protocol. Two weeks after the last instillation of saline or PPE, C and ELA animals received ghrelin or saline (n=10/group) intraperitoneally (i.p.) daily, during 3 weeks. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), echocardiography, lung mechanics, histology, and molecular biology were analysed. Results In elastase-induced emphysema, ghrelin treatment decreased alveolar hyperinflation and mean linear intercept, neutrophil infiltration, and collagen fibre content in the alveolar septa and pulmonary vessel wall; increased elastic fibre content; reduced M1-macrophage populations and increased M2 polarization; decreased levels of keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC, a mouse analogue of interleukin-8), tumour necrosis factor-α, and transforming growth factor-β, but increased interleukin-10 in lung tissue; augmented static lung elastance; reduced arterial pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy on echocardiography; and increased lean mass. Conclusion In the elastase-induced emphysema model used herein, ghrelin not only reduced lung damage but also improved cardiac function and increased lean mass. These findings should prompt further studies to evaluate ghrelin as a potential therapy for emphysema. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12931-017-0668-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazareth de Novaes Rocha
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, s/n, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Milena Vasconcellos de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, s/n, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Cássia Lisboa Braga
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, s/n, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Guimarães
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lígia de Albuquerque Maia
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, s/n, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Gisele de Araújo Padilha
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, s/n, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Johnatas Dutra Silva
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, s/n, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Christina Maeda Takiya
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vera Luiza Capelozzi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro Leme Silva
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, s/n, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia Rieken Macedo Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, s/n, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil. .,National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Bowen TS, Aakerøy L, Eisenkolb S, Kunth P, Bakkerud F, Wohlwend M, Ormbostad AM, Fischer T, Wisloff U, Schuler G, Steinshamn S, Adams V, Bronstad E. Exercise Training Reverses Extrapulmonary Impairments in Smoke-exposed Mice. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017; 49:879-887. [PMID: 28009790 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cigarette smoking is the main risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and emphysema. However, evidence on the extrapulmonary effects of smoke exposure that precede lung impairments remains unclear at present, as are data on nonpharmacological treatments such as exercise training. METHODS Three groups of mice, including control (n = 10), smoking (n = 10), and smoking with 6 wk of high-intensity interval treadmill running (n = 11), were exposed to 20 wk of fresh air or whole-body cigarette smoke. Exercise capacity (peak oxygen uptake) and lung destruction (histology) were subsequently measured, whereas the heart, peripheral endothelium (aorta), and respiratory (diaphragm) and limb (extensor digitorum longus and soleus) skeletal muscles were assessed for in vivo and in vitro function, in situ mitochondrial respiration, and molecular alterations. RESULTS Smoking reduced body weight by 26% (P < 0.05) without overt airway destruction (P > 0.05). Smoking impaired exercise capacity by 15% while inducing right ventricular dysfunction by ~20%, endothelial dysfunction by ~20%, and diaphragm muscle weakness by ~15% (all P < 0.05), but these were either attenuated or reversed by exercise training (P < 0.05). Compared with controls, smoking mice had normal limb muscle and mitochondrial function (cardiac and skeletal muscle fibers); however, diaphragm measures of oxidative stress and protein degradation were increased by 111% and 65%, respectively (P < 0.05), but these were attenuated by exercise training (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Prolonged cigarette smoking reduced exercise capacity concomitant with functional impairments to the heart, peripheral endothelium, and respiratory muscle that preceded the development of overt emphysema. However, high-intensity exercise training was able to reverse these smoke-induced extrapulmonary impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Scott Bowen
- 1Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Leipzig University-Heart Center, Leipzig, GERMANY; 2Faculty of Medicine, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, K.G. Jebsen Center of Exercise in Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NORWAY; and 3Department of Thoracic Medicine, Clinic of Thoracic and Occupational Medicine, St. Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, NORWAY
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Cielen N, Maes K, Heulens N, Troosters T, Carmeliet G, Janssens W, Gayan-Ramirez GN. Interaction between Physical Activity and Smoking on Lung, Muscle, and Bone in Mice. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 54:674-82. [PMID: 26448063 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2015-0181oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity is an important contributor to skeletal muscle weakness, osteoporosis, and weight loss in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, the effects of physical inactivity, in interaction with smoking, on lung, muscle, and bone are poorly understood. To address this issue, male mice were randomly assigned to an active (daily running), moderately inactive (space restriction), or extremely inactive group (space restriction followed by hindlimb suspension to mimic bed rest) during 24 weeks and simultaneously exposed to either cigarette smoke or room air. The effects of different physical activity levels and smoking status and their respective interaction were examined on lung function, body composition, in vitro limb muscle function, and bone parameters. Smoking caused emphysema, reduced food intake with subsequent loss of body weight, and fat, lean, and muscle mass, but increased trabecular bone volume. Smoking induced muscle fiber atrophy, which did not result in force impairment. Moderate inactivity only affected lung volumes and compliance, whereas extreme inactivity increased lung inflammation, lowered body and fat mass, induced fiber atrophy with soleus muscle dysfunction, and reduced exercise capacity and all bone parameters. When combined with smoking, extreme inactivity also aggravated lung inflammation and emphysema, and accelerated body and muscle weight loss. This study shows that extreme inactivity, especially when imposed by absolute rest, accelerates lung damage and inflammation. When combined with smoking, extreme inactivity is deleterious for muscle bulk, bone, and lungs. These data highlight that the consequences of physical inactivity during the course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease should not be neglected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nele Cielen
- 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Catholic University (KU) of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karen Maes
- 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Catholic University (KU) of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nele Heulens
- 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Catholic University (KU) of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thierry Troosters
- 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Catholic University (KU) of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,2 Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; and
| | - Geert Carmeliet
- 3 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Janssens
- 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Catholic University (KU) of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ghislaine N Gayan-Ramirez
- 1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Catholic University (KU) of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Huang D, Ma Z, He Y, Xiao Y, Luo H, Liang Q, Zhong X, Bai J, He Z. Long-term cigarette smoke exposure inhibits histone deacetylase 2 expression and enhances the nuclear factor-κB activation in skeletal muscle of mice. Oncotarget 2017; 8:56726-56736. [PMID: 28915625 PMCID: PMC5593596 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term cigarette smoke induces lung inflammatory injury and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), associated with skeletal muscle inflammation. This study aimed at investigating how cigarette smoke promotes skeletal muscle inflammation and its molecular pathogenesis. Mice were exposed to air or cigarette smoke for 12 or 24 weeks, and C2C12 cells were stimulated with cigarette smoke extract (CSE). The mass and function, myotube formation, inflammatory cytokine production, histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 expression were detected in the gastrocnemius muscles of mice and C2C12 cells. In comparison with the control mice, cigarette smoke significantly damaged the lung and reduced the gastrocnemius muscle mass and body weights in mice. Cigarette smoke significantly down-regulated myosin heavy chain (MHC)-IIβ and HDAC2 expression, but enhanced NF-κBp65, keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α expression in the gastrocnemius muscles. CSE stimulation significantly inhibited the myotube formation, MyoD and HDAC2 expression, but enhanced NF-κBp65 expression, KC and TNF-α production in C2C12 cells, which were enhanced by HDAC2 knockdown and abrogated by a NF-κB inhibitor. CSE significantly inhibited the interaction of HDAC2 with NF-κBp65, and increased the levels of acetyl-NF-κBp65 in C2C12 cells. These data indicated that cigarette smoke inhibited HDAC2 expression and its interaction with NF-κBp65 to stimulate inflammation, contributing to the pathogenesis of COPD-related skeletal muscle atrophy in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Zhiying Ma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Yili He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Honglin Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Qiuli Liang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Xiaoning Zhong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Jing Bai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Zhiyi He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
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28
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Dalle-Donne I, Colombo G, Gornati R, Garavaglia ML, Portinaro N, Giustarini D, Bernardini G, Rossi R, Milzani A. Protein Carbonylation in Human Smokers and Mammalian Models of Exposure to Cigarette Smoke: Focus on Redox Proteomic Studies. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 26:406-426. [PMID: 27393565 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Oxidative stress is one mechanism whereby tobacco smoking affects human health, as reflected by increased levels of several biomarkers of oxidative stress/damage isolated from tissues and biological fluids of active and passive smokers. Many investigations of cigarette smoke (CS)-induced oxidative stress/damage have been carried out in mammalian animal and cellular models of exposure to CS. Animal models allow the investigation of many parameters that are similar to those measured in human smokers. In vitro cell models may provide new information on molecular and functional differences between cells of smokers and nonsmokers. Recent Advances: Over the past decade or so, a growing number of researches highlighted that CS induces protein carbonylation in different tissues and body fluids of smokers as well as in in vivo and in vitro models of exposure to CS. CRITICAL ISSUES We review recent findings on protein carbonylation in smokers and models thereof, focusing on redox proteomic studies. We also discuss the relevance and limitations of these models of exposure to CS and critically assess the congruence between the smoker's condition and laboratory models. FUTURE DIRECTIONS The identification of protein targets is crucial for understanding the mechanism(s) by which carbonylated proteins accumulate and potentially affect cellular functions. Recent progress in redox proteomics allows the enrichment, identification, and characterization of specific oxidative protein modifications, including carbonylation. Therefore, redox proteomics can be a powerful tool to gain new insights into the onset and/or progression of CS-related diseases and to develop strategies to prevent and/or treat them. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 26, 406-426.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Graziano Colombo
- 1 Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan, Italy
| | - Rosalba Gornati
- 2 Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria , Varese, Italy
| | - Maria L Garavaglia
- 1 Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Portinaro
- 3 Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano and Pediatric Orthopaedic Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Rozzano (Milan), Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Bernardini
- 2 Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria , Varese, Italy
| | - Ranieri Rossi
- 4 Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena , Siena, Italy
| | - Aldo Milzani
- 1 Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan, Italy
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29
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Ma R, Gong X, Jiang H, Lin C, Chen Y, Xu X, Zhang C, Wang J, Lu W, Zhong N. Reduced nuclear translocation of serum response factor is associated with skeletal muscle atrophy in a cigarette smoke-induced mouse model of COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2017; 12:581-587. [PMID: 28260872 PMCID: PMC5327903 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s109243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy and dysfunction are common complications in the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive. Serum response factor (SRF) is a transcription factor which is critical in myocyte differentiation and growth. In this study, we established a mouse COPD model induced by cigarette smoking (CS) exposure for 24 weeks, with apparent pathophysiological changes, including increased airway resistance, enlarged alveoli, and skeletal muscle atrophy. Levels of upstream regulators of SRF, striated muscle activator of Rho signaling (STARS), and ras homolog gene family, member A (RhoA) were decreased in quadriceps muscle of COPD mice. Meanwhile, the nucleic location of SRF was diminished along with its cytoplasmic accumulation. There was a downregulation of the target muscle-specific gene, Igf1. These results suggest that the CS is one of the major causes for COPD pathogenesis, which induces the COPD-associated skeletal muscle atrophy which is closely related to decreasing SRF nucleic translocation, consequently downregulating the SRF target genes involved in muscle growth and nutrition. The STARS/RhoA signaling pathway might contribute to this course by impacting SRF subcellular distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Ma
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefang Gong
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyi Lin
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqin Chen
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenting Zhang
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenju Lu
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Nanshan Zhong
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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30
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Henriques I, Lopes-Pacheco M, Padilha GA, Marques PS, Magalhães RF, Antunes MA, Morales MM, Rocha NN, Silva PL, Xisto DG, Rocco PRM. Moderate Aerobic Training Improves Cardiorespiratory Parameters in Elastase-Induced Emphysema. Front Physiol 2016; 7:329. [PMID: 27536247 PMCID: PMC4971418 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: We investigated the therapeutic effects of aerobic training on lung mechanics, inflammation, morphometry and biological markers associated with inflammation, and endothelial cell damage, as well as cardiac function in a model of elastase-induced emphysema. Methods: Eighty-four BALB/c mice were randomly allocated to receive saline (control, C) or 0.1 IU porcine pancreatic elastase (emphysema, ELA) intratracheally once weekly for 4 weeks. After the end of administration period, once cardiorespiratory impairment associated with emphysema was confirmed, each group was further randomized into sedentary (S) and trained (T) subgroups. Trained mice ran on a motorized treadmill, at moderate intensity, 30 min/day, 3 times/week for 4 weeks. Results: Four weeks after the first instillation, ELA animals, compared to C, showed: (1) reduced static lung elastance (Est,L) and levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in lung tissue, (2) increased elastic and collagen fiber content, dynamic elastance (E, in vitro), alveolar hyperinflation, and levels of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and (3) increased right ventricular diastolic area (RVA). Four weeks after aerobic training, ELA-T group, compared to ELA-S, was associated with reduced lung hyperinflation, elastic and collagen fiber content, TNF-α levels, and RVA, as well as increased Est,L, E, and levels of VEGF. Conclusion: Four weeks of regular and moderate intensity aerobic training modulated lung inflammation and remodeling, thus improving pulmonary function, and reduced RVA and pulmonary arterial hypertension in this animal model of elastase-induced emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Henriques
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Miquéias Lopes-Pacheco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gisele A Padilha
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patrícia S Marques
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Raquel F Magalhães
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana A Antunes
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo M Morales
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nazareth N Rocha
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Physiology, Fluminense Federal UniversityNiterói, Brazil
| | - Pedro L Silva
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Débora G Xisto
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia R M Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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31
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Role of Protein Carbonylation in Skeletal Muscle Mass Loss Associated with Chronic Conditions. Proteomes 2016; 4:proteomes4020018. [PMID: 28248228 PMCID: PMC5217349 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes4020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle dysfunction, characterized by a reductive remodeling of muscle fibers, is a common systemic manifestation in highly prevalent conditions such as chronic heart failure (CHF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cancer cachexia, and critically ill patients. Skeletal muscle dysfunction and impaired muscle mass may predict morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic diseases, regardless of the underlying condition. High levels of oxidants may alter function and structure of key cellular molecules such as proteins, DNA, and lipids, leading to cellular injury and death. Protein oxidation including protein carbonylation was demonstrated to modify enzyme activity and DNA binding of transcription factors, while also rendering proteins more prone to proteolytic degradation. Given the relevance of protein oxidation in the pathophysiology of many chronic conditions and their comorbidities, the current review focuses on the analysis of different studies in which the biological and clinical significance of the modifications induced by reactive carbonyls on proteins have been explored so far in skeletal muscles of patients and animal models of chronic conditions such as COPD, disuse muscle atrophy, cancer cachexia, sepsis, and physiological aging. Future research will elucidate the specific impact and sites of reactive carbonyls on muscle protein content and function in human conditions.
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32
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Cielen N, Heulens N, Maes K, Carmeliet G, Mathieu C, Janssens W, Gayan-Ramirez G. Vitamin D deficiency impairs skeletal muscle function in a smoking mouse model. J Endocrinol 2016; 229:97-108. [PMID: 26906744 PMCID: PMC5064769 DOI: 10.1530/joe-15-0491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with skeletal muscle dysfunction. Vitamin D plays an important role in muscle strength and performance in healthy individuals. Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in COPD, but its role in skeletal muscle dysfunction remains unclear. We examined the time-course effect of vitamin D deficiency on limb muscle function in mice with normal or deficient vitamin D serum levels exposed to air or cigarette smoke for 6, 12 or 18 weeks. The synergy of smoking and vitamin D deficiency increased lung inflammation and lung compliance from 6 weeks on with highest emphysema scores observed at 18 weeks. Smoking reduced body and muscle mass of the soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL), but did not affect contractility, despite type II atrophy. Vitamin D deficiency did not alter muscle mass but reduced muscle force over time, downregulated vitamin D receptor expression, and increased muscle lipid peroxidation but did not alter actin and myosin expression, fiber dimensions or twitch relaxation time. The combined effect of smoking and vitamin D deficiency did not further deteriorate muscle function but worsened soleus mass loss and EDL fiber atrophy at 18 weeks. We conclude that the synergy of smoking and vitamin D deficiency in contrast to its effect on lung disease, had different, independent but important noxious effects on skeletal muscles in a mouse model of mild COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nele Cielen
- Laboratory of Respiratory DiseasesDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nele Heulens
- Laboratory of Respiratory DiseasesDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karen Maes
- Laboratory of Respiratory DiseasesDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental EndocrinologyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chantal Mathieu
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental EndocrinologyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Janssens
- Laboratory of Respiratory DiseasesDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ghislaine Gayan-Ramirez
- Laboratory of Respiratory DiseasesDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
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33
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Barreiro E, Gea J. Molecular and biological pathways of skeletal muscle dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chron Respir Dis 2016; 13:297-311. [PMID: 27056059 DOI: 10.1177/1479972316642366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) will be a major leading cause of death worldwide in the near future. Weakness and atrophy of the quadriceps are associated with a significantly poorer prognosis and increased mortality in COPD. Despite that skeletal muscle dysfunction may affect both respiratory and limb muscle groups in COPD, the latter are frequently more severely affected. Therefore, muscle dysfunction in COPD is a common systemic manifestation that should be evaluated on routine basis in clinical settings. In the present review, several aspects of COPD muscle dysfunction are being reviewed, with special emphasis on the underlying biological mechanisms. Figures on the prevalence of COPD muscle dysfunction and the most relevant etiologic contributors are also provided. Despite that ongoing research will shed light into the contribution of additional mechanisms to COPD muscle dysfunction, current knowledge points toward the involvement of a wide spectrum of cellular and molecular events that are differentially expressed in respiratory and limb muscles. Such mechanisms are thoroughly described in the article. The contribution of epigenetic events on COPD muscle dysfunction is also reviewed. We conclude that in view of the latest discoveries, from now, on new avenues of research should be designed to specifically target cellular mechanisms and pathways that impair muscle mass and function in COPD using pharmacological strategies and/or exercise training modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Barreiro
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Muscle and Respiratory System Research Unit (URMAR), Institute of Medical Research of Hospital del Mar (IMIM)-Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain Department of Health Sciences (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Gea
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Muscle and Respiratory System Research Unit (URMAR), Institute of Medical Research of Hospital del Mar (IMIM)-Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain Department of Health Sciences (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
The α,β polyunsaturated lipid aldehydes are potent lipid electrophiles that covalently modify lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Recent work highlights the critical role these lipids play under both physiological and pathological conditions. Protein carbonylation resulting from nucleophilic attack of lysine, histidine, and cysteine residues is a major outcome of oxidative stress and functions as a redox-sensitive signaling mechanism with roles in autophagy, cell proliferation, transcriptional control, and apoptosis. In addition, protein carbonylation is implicated as an initiating factor in mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress, providing a mechanistic connection between oxidative stress and metabolic disease. In this review, we discuss the generation and metabolism of reactive lipid aldehydes, as well as their signaling roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy K Hauck
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - David A Bernlohr
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455
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35
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Khedoe PPSJ, Rensen PCN, Berbée JFP, Hiemstra PS. Murine models of cardiovascular comorbidity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 310:L1011-27. [PMID: 26993520 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00013.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Currently, COPD patients with atherosclerosis (i.e., the most important underlying cause of CVD) receive COPD therapy complemented with standard CVD therapy. This may, however, not be the most optimal treatment. To investigate the link between COPD and atherosclerosis and to develop specific therapeutic strategies for COPD patients with atherosclerosis, a substantial number of preclinical studies using murine models have been performed. In this review, we summarize the currently used murine models of COPD and atherosclerosis, both individually and combined, and discuss the relevance of these models for studying the pathogenesis and development of new treatments for COPD patients with atherosclerosis. Murine and clinical studies have provided complementary information showing a prominent role for systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in the link between COPD and atherosclerosis. These and other studies showed that murine models for COPD and atherosclerosis are useful tools and can provide important insights relevant to understanding the link between COPD and CVD. More importantly, murine studies provide good platforms for studying the potential of promising (new) therapeutic strategies for COPD patients with CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Padmini S J Khedoe
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; and
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Jimmy F P Berbée
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands; and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter S Hiemstra
- Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands
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36
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Chacon-Cabrera A, Fermoselle C, Salmela I, Yelamos J, Barreiro E. MicroRNA expression and protein acetylation pattern in respiratory and limb muscles of Parp-1−/− and Parp-2−/− mice with lung cancer cachexia. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1850:2530-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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37
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Guidelines for the Evaluation and Treatment of Muscle Dysfunction in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arbr.2015.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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38
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Messaggi-Sartor M, Guillen-Solà A, Depolo M, Duarte E, Rodríguez DA, Barrera MC, Barreiro E, Escalada F, Orozco-Levi M, Marco E. Inspiratory and expiratory muscle training in subacute stroke: A randomized clinical trial. Neurology 2015; 85:564-72. [PMID: 26180145 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000001827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness, feasibility, and safety of short-term inspiratory and expiratory muscle training (IEMT) in subacute stroke patients. METHODS Within 2 weeks of stroke onset, 109 patients with a first ischemic stroke event were randomly assigned to the IEMT (n = 56) or sham IEMT (n = 53) study group. The IEMT consisted of 5 sets of 10 repetitions, twice a day, 5 days per week for 3 weeks, at a training workload equivalent to 30% of maximal respiratory pressures. Patients and researchers assessing outcome variables were blinded to the assigned study group. The main outcome was respiratory muscle strength assessed by maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (PImax, PEmax). Respiratory complications at 6 months were also recorded. RESULTS Both groups improved respiratory muscle strength during the study. IEMT was associated with significantly improved %PImax and %PEmax: effect size d = 0.74 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.28-1.20) and d = 0.56 (95% CI 0.11-1.02), respectively. No significant training effect was observed for peripheral muscle strength. Respiratory complications at 6 months occurred more frequently in the sham group (8 vs 2, p = 0.042), with an absolute risk reduction of 14%. The number needed to treat to prevent one lung infection event over a follow-up of 6 months was 7. No major adverse events or side effects were observed. CONCLUSION IEMT induces significant improvement in inspiratory and expiratory muscle strength and could potentially offer an additional therapeutic tool aimed to reduce respiratory complications at 6 months in stroke patients. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class II evidence that short-term training may have the potential to improve respiratory muscle strength in patients with subacute stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Messaggi-Sartor
- From the Rehabilitation Research Group (M.M.-S., A.G.-S., E.D., M.-C.B., F.E., E.M.) and the Muscle and Respiratory System Research Unit (URMAR) (D.A.R., E.B.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM); the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department (M.M.-S., A.G.-S., M.D., E.D., M.-C.B., F.E., E.M.), Parc de Salut Mar (Hospital del Mar, Hospital de l'Esperança); the School of Medicine (A.G.-S., E.D., D.A.R., F.E., E.M.), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; the Respiratory Medicine Department (D.A.R., E.B., M.O.-L.), Hospital del Mar; the Department of Health Sciences (CEXS) (D.A.R., E.B., M.O.-L.), Universitat Pompeu i Fabra, Barcelona; and the Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.A.R., E.B.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Guillen-Solà
- From the Rehabilitation Research Group (M.M.-S., A.G.-S., E.D., M.-C.B., F.E., E.M.) and the Muscle and Respiratory System Research Unit (URMAR) (D.A.R., E.B.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM); the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department (M.M.-S., A.G.-S., M.D., E.D., M.-C.B., F.E., E.M.), Parc de Salut Mar (Hospital del Mar, Hospital de l'Esperança); the School of Medicine (A.G.-S., E.D., D.A.R., F.E., E.M.), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; the Respiratory Medicine Department (D.A.R., E.B., M.O.-L.), Hospital del Mar; the Department of Health Sciences (CEXS) (D.A.R., E.B., M.O.-L.), Universitat Pompeu i Fabra, Barcelona; and the Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.A.R., E.B.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Depolo
- From the Rehabilitation Research Group (M.M.-S., A.G.-S., E.D., M.-C.B., F.E., E.M.) and the Muscle and Respiratory System Research Unit (URMAR) (D.A.R., E.B.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM); the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department (M.M.-S., A.G.-S., M.D., E.D., M.-C.B., F.E., E.M.), Parc de Salut Mar (Hospital del Mar, Hospital de l'Esperança); the School of Medicine (A.G.-S., E.D., D.A.R., F.E., E.M.), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; the Respiratory Medicine Department (D.A.R., E.B., M.O.-L.), Hospital del Mar; the Department of Health Sciences (CEXS) (D.A.R., E.B., M.O.-L.), Universitat Pompeu i Fabra, Barcelona; and the Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.A.R., E.B.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Duarte
- From the Rehabilitation Research Group (M.M.-S., A.G.-S., E.D., M.-C.B., F.E., E.M.) and the Muscle and Respiratory System Research Unit (URMAR) (D.A.R., E.B.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM); the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department (M.M.-S., A.G.-S., M.D., E.D., M.-C.B., F.E., E.M.), Parc de Salut Mar (Hospital del Mar, Hospital de l'Esperança); the School of Medicine (A.G.-S., E.D., D.A.R., F.E., E.M.), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; the Respiratory Medicine Department (D.A.R., E.B., M.O.-L.), Hospital del Mar; the Department of Health Sciences (CEXS) (D.A.R., E.B., M.O.-L.), Universitat Pompeu i Fabra, Barcelona; and the Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.A.R., E.B.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego A Rodríguez
- From the Rehabilitation Research Group (M.M.-S., A.G.-S., E.D., M.-C.B., F.E., E.M.) and the Muscle and Respiratory System Research Unit (URMAR) (D.A.R., E.B.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM); the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department (M.M.-S., A.G.-S., M.D., E.D., M.-C.B., F.E., E.M.), Parc de Salut Mar (Hospital del Mar, Hospital de l'Esperança); the School of Medicine (A.G.-S., E.D., D.A.R., F.E., E.M.), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; the Respiratory Medicine Department (D.A.R., E.B., M.O.-L.), Hospital del Mar; the Department of Health Sciences (CEXS) (D.A.R., E.B., M.O.-L.), Universitat Pompeu i Fabra, Barcelona; and the Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.A.R., E.B.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria-Camelia Barrera
- From the Rehabilitation Research Group (M.M.-S., A.G.-S., E.D., M.-C.B., F.E., E.M.) and the Muscle and Respiratory System Research Unit (URMAR) (D.A.R., E.B.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM); the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department (M.M.-S., A.G.-S., M.D., E.D., M.-C.B., F.E., E.M.), Parc de Salut Mar (Hospital del Mar, Hospital de l'Esperança); the School of Medicine (A.G.-S., E.D., D.A.R., F.E., E.M.), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; the Respiratory Medicine Department (D.A.R., E.B., M.O.-L.), Hospital del Mar; the Department of Health Sciences (CEXS) (D.A.R., E.B., M.O.-L.), Universitat Pompeu i Fabra, Barcelona; and the Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.A.R., E.B.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Barreiro
- From the Rehabilitation Research Group (M.M.-S., A.G.-S., E.D., M.-C.B., F.E., E.M.) and the Muscle and Respiratory System Research Unit (URMAR) (D.A.R., E.B.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM); the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department (M.M.-S., A.G.-S., M.D., E.D., M.-C.B., F.E., E.M.), Parc de Salut Mar (Hospital del Mar, Hospital de l'Esperança); the School of Medicine (A.G.-S., E.D., D.A.R., F.E., E.M.), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; the Respiratory Medicine Department (D.A.R., E.B., M.O.-L.), Hospital del Mar; the Department of Health Sciences (CEXS) (D.A.R., E.B., M.O.-L.), Universitat Pompeu i Fabra, Barcelona; and the Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.A.R., E.B.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ferran Escalada
- From the Rehabilitation Research Group (M.M.-S., A.G.-S., E.D., M.-C.B., F.E., E.M.) and the Muscle and Respiratory System Research Unit (URMAR) (D.A.R., E.B.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM); the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department (M.M.-S., A.G.-S., M.D., E.D., M.-C.B., F.E., E.M.), Parc de Salut Mar (Hospital del Mar, Hospital de l'Esperança); the School of Medicine (A.G.-S., E.D., D.A.R., F.E., E.M.), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; the Respiratory Medicine Department (D.A.R., E.B., M.O.-L.), Hospital del Mar; the Department of Health Sciences (CEXS) (D.A.R., E.B., M.O.-L.), Universitat Pompeu i Fabra, Barcelona; and the Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.A.R., E.B.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mauricio Orozco-Levi
- From the Rehabilitation Research Group (M.M.-S., A.G.-S., E.D., M.-C.B., F.E., E.M.) and the Muscle and Respiratory System Research Unit (URMAR) (D.A.R., E.B.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM); the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department (M.M.-S., A.G.-S., M.D., E.D., M.-C.B., F.E., E.M.), Parc de Salut Mar (Hospital del Mar, Hospital de l'Esperança); the School of Medicine (A.G.-S., E.D., D.A.R., F.E., E.M.), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; the Respiratory Medicine Department (D.A.R., E.B., M.O.-L.), Hospital del Mar; the Department of Health Sciences (CEXS) (D.A.R., E.B., M.O.-L.), Universitat Pompeu i Fabra, Barcelona; and the Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.A.R., E.B.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ester Marco
- From the Rehabilitation Research Group (M.M.-S., A.G.-S., E.D., M.-C.B., F.E., E.M.) and the Muscle and Respiratory System Research Unit (URMAR) (D.A.R., E.B.), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM); the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department (M.M.-S., A.G.-S., M.D., E.D., M.-C.B., F.E., E.M.), Parc de Salut Mar (Hospital del Mar, Hospital de l'Esperança); the School of Medicine (A.G.-S., E.D., D.A.R., F.E., E.M.), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; the Respiratory Medicine Department (D.A.R., E.B., M.O.-L.), Hospital del Mar; the Department of Health Sciences (CEXS) (D.A.R., E.B., M.O.-L.), Universitat Pompeu i Fabra, Barcelona; and the Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) (D.A.R., E.B.), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
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Barreiro E, Bustamante V, Cejudo P, Gáldiz JB, Gea J, de Lucas P, Martínez-Llorens J, Ortega F, Puente-Maestu L, Roca J, Rodríguez-González Moro JM. Guidelines for the evaluation and treatment of muscle dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Arch Bronconeumol 2015; 51:384-95. [PMID: 26072153 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), skeletal muscle dysfunction is a major comorbidity that negatively impacts their exercise capacity and quality of life. In the current guidelines, the most recent literature on the various aspects of COPD muscle dysfunction has been included. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) scale has been used to make evidence-based recommendations on the different features. Compared to a control population, one third of COPD patients exhibited a 25% decline in quadriceps muscle strength, even at early stages of their disease. Although both respiratory and limb muscles are altered, the latter are usually more severely affected. Numerous factors and biological mechanisms are involved in the etiology of COPD muscle dysfunction. Several tests are proposed in order to diagnose and evaluate the degree of muscle dysfunction of both respiratory and limb muscles (peripheral), as well as to identify the patients' exercise capacity (six-minute walking test and cycloergometry). Currently available therapeutic strategies including the different training modalities and pharmacological and nutritional support are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Barreiro
- Servei de Pneumologia, Unitat de Recerca en Múscul i Aparell Respiratori (URMAR), IMIM-Hospital del Mar, CEXS, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), Barcelona, España; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España.
| | - Víctor Bustamante
- Hospital Universitario Basurto, Osakidetza, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad del País Vasco, Bilbao, España; Servicio de Neumología y Unidad de Investigación, Hospital de Cruces, Universidad del País Vasco , Barakaldo, España
| | - Pilar Cejudo
- Servicio de Neumología y Unidad de Investigación, Hospital de Cruces, Universidad del País Vasco , Barakaldo, España
| | - Juan B Gáldiz
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España; Hospital Universitario Basurto, Osakidetza, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad del País Vasco, Bilbao, España
| | - Joaquim Gea
- Servei de Pneumologia, Unitat de Recerca en Múscul i Aparell Respiratori (URMAR), IMIM-Hospital del Mar, CEXS, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), Barcelona, España; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | - Pilar de Lucas
- Unidad Médico-Quirúrgica de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, España
| | - Juana Martínez-Llorens
- Servei de Pneumologia, Unitat de Recerca en Múscul i Aparell Respiratori (URMAR), IMIM-Hospital del Mar, CEXS, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), Barcelona, España; CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | - Francisco Ortega
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España; Servicio de Neumología y Unidad de Investigación, Hospital de Cruces, Universidad del País Vasco , Barakaldo, España
| | - Luis Puente-Maestu
- Unidad Médico-Quirúrgica de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, España
| | - Josep Roca
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España; Servicio de Neumología, Hospital General Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España; Servei de Pneumologia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
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Girón-Martínez Á, Pérez-Rial S, Terrón-Expósito R, Díaz-Gil JJ, González-Mangado N, Peces-Barba G. Proliferative activity of liver growth factor is associated with an improvement of cigarette smoke-induced emphysema in mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112995. [PMID: 25401951 PMCID: PMC4234533 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS)-induced emphysema is a major component of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD treatment is based on the administration of bronchodilators and corticosteroids to control symptoms and exacerbations, however, to date, there are no effective therapies to reverse disease progression. Liver growth factor (LGF) is an albumin-bilirubin complex with mitogenic properties, whose therapeutic effects have previously been reported in a model of emphysema and several rodent models of human disease. To approach the therapeutic effect of LGF in a model of previously established emphysema, morphometric and lung function parameters, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity and the expression of several markers, such as VEGF, PCNA, 3NT and Nrf2, were assessed in air-exposed and CS-exposed C57BL/6J male mice with and without intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of LGF. CS-exposed mice presented a significant enlargement of alveolar spaces, higher alveolar internal area and loss of lung function that correlated with higher MMP activity, higher expression of 3NT and lower expression of VEGF. CS-exposed mice injected with LGF, showed an amelioration of emphysema and improved lung function, which correlated with lower MMP activity and 3NT expression and higher levels of VEGF, PCNA and Nrf2. Taken together, this study suggests that LGF administration ameliorates CS-induced emphysema, highlights the ability of LGF to promote alveolar cell proliferation and may be a promising strategy to revert COPD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Girón-Martínez
- Respiratory Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz - CIBERES, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD-CIBERES-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Sandra Pérez-Rial
- Respiratory Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz - CIBERES, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD-CIBERES-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Terrón-Expósito
- Respiratory Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz - CIBERES, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD-CIBERES-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan José Díaz-Gil
- Respiratory Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz - CIBERES, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD-CIBERES-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicolás González-Mangado
- Respiratory Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz - CIBERES, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD-CIBERES-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Germán Peces-Barba
- Respiratory Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria - Fundación Jiménez Díaz - CIBERES, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD-CIBERES-UAM), Madrid, Spain
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Thatcher MO, Tippetts TS, Nelson MB, Swensen AC, Winden DR, Hansen ME, Anderson MC, Johnson IE, Porter JP, Reynolds PR, Bikman BT. Ceramides mediate cigarette smoke-induced metabolic disruption in mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2014; 307:E919-27. [PMID: 25269485 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00258.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke exposure increases lung ceramide biosynthesis and alters metabolic function. We hypothesized that ceramides are released from the lung during cigarette smoke exposure and result in elevated skeletal muscle ceramide levels, resulting in insulin resistance and altered mitochondrial respiration. Employing cell and animal models, we explored the effect of cigarette smoke on muscle cell insulin signaling and mitochondrial respiration. Muscle cells were treated with conditioned medium from cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-exposed lung cells, followed by analysis of ceramides and assessment of insulin signaling and mitochondrial function. Mice were exposed to daily cigarette smoke and a high-fat, high-sugar (HFHS) diet with myriocin injections to inhibit ceramide synthesis. Comparisons were conducted between these mice and control animals on standard diets in the absence of smoke exposure and myriocin injections. Muscle cells treated with CSE-exposed conditioned medium were completely unresponsive to insulin stimulation, and mitochondrial respiration was severely blunted. These effects were mitigated when lung cells were treated with the ceramide inhibitor myriocin prior to and during CSE exposure. In mice, daily cigarette smoke exposure and HFHS diet resulted in insulin resistance, which correlated with elevated ceramides. Although myriocin injection was protective against insulin resistance with either smoke or HFHS, it was insufficient to prevent insulin resistance with combined CS and HFHS. However, myriocin injection restored muscle mitochondrial respiration in all treatments. Ceramide inhibition prevents metabolic disruption in muscle cells with smoke exposure and may explain whole body insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikayla O Thatcher
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
| | - Trevor S Tippetts
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
| | - Michael B Nelson
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
| | - Adam C Swensen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
| | - Duane R Winden
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
| | - Melissa E Hansen
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
| | - Madeline C Anderson
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
| | - Ian E Johnson
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
| | - James P Porter
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
| | - Paul R Reynolds
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
| | - Benjamin T Bikman
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah; and
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Chacon-Cabrera A, Fermoselle C, Urtreger AJ, Mateu-Jimenez M, Diament MJ, de Kier Joffé EDB, Sandri M, Barreiro E. Pharmacological strategies in lung cancer-induced cachexia: effects on muscle proteolysis, autophagy, structure, and weakness. J Cell Physiol 2014; 229:1660-72. [PMID: 24615622 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cachexia is a relevant comorbid condition of chronic diseases including cancer. Inflammation, oxidative stress, autophagy, ubiquitin-proteasome system, nuclear factor (NF)-κB, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) are involved in the pathophysiology of cancer cachexia. Currently available treatment is limited and data demonstrating effectiveness in in vivo models are lacking. Our objectives were to explore in respiratory and limb muscles of lung cancer (LC) cachectic mice whether proteasome, NF-κB, and MAPK inhibitors improve muscle mass and function loss through several molecular mechanisms. Body and muscle weights, limb muscle force, protein degradation and the ubiquitin-proteasome system, signaling pathways, oxidative stress and inflammation, autophagy, contractile and functional proteins, myostatin and myogenin, and muscle structure were evaluated in the diaphragm and gastrocnemius of LC (LP07 adenocarcinoma) bearing cachectic mice (BALB/c), with and without concomitant treatment with NF-κB (sulfasalazine), MAPK (U0126), and proteasome (bortezomib) inhibitors. Compared to control animals, in both respiratory and limb muscles of LC cachectic mice: muscle proteolysis, ubiquitinated proteins, autophagy, myostatin, protein oxidation, FoxO-1, NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, and muscle abnormalities were increased, while myosin, creatine kinase, myogenin, and slow- and fast-twitch muscle fiber size were decreased. Pharmacological inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK, but not the proteasome system, induced in cancer cachectic animals, a substantial restoration of muscle mass and force through a decrease in muscle protein oxidation and catabolism, myostatin, and autophagy, together with a greater content of myogenin, and contractile and functional proteins. Attenuation of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathway effects on muscles is beneficial in cancer-induced cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Chacon-Cabrera
- Pulmonology-Lung Cancer Research Group, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Health and Experimental Sciences Department (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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Pérez-Rial S, Del Puerto-Nevado L, Girón-Martínez A, Terrón-Expósito R, Díaz-Gil JJ, González-Mangado N, Peces-Barba G. Liver growth factor treatment reverses emphysema previously established in a cigarette smoke exposure mouse model. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2014; 307:L718-26. [PMID: 25172913 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00293.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an inflammatory lung disease largely associated with cigarette smoke exposure (CSE) and characterized by pulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations, including systemic inflammation. Liver growth factor (LGF) is an albumin-bilirubin complex with demonstrated antifibrotic, antioxidant, and antihypertensive actions even at extrahepatic sites. We aimed to determine whether short LGF treatment (1.7 μg/mouse ip; 2 times, 2 wk), once the lung damage was established through the chronic CSE, contributes to improvement of the regeneration of damaged lung tissue, reducing systemic inflammation. We studied AKR/J mice, divided into three groups: control (air-exposed), CSE (chronic CSE), and CSE + LGF (LGF-treated CSE mice). We assessed pulmonary function, morphometric data, and levels of various systemic inflammatory markers to test the LGF regenerative capacity in this system. Our results revealed that the lungs of the CSE animals showed pulmonary emphysema and inflammation, characterized by increased lung compliance, enlargement of alveolar airspaces, systemic inflammation (circulating leukocytes and serum TNF-α level), and in vivo lung matrix metalloproteinase activity. LGF treatment was able to reverse all these parameters, decreasing total cell count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and T-lymphocyte infiltration in peripheral blood observed in emphysematous mice and reversing the decrease in monocytes observed in chronic CSE mice, and tends to reduce the neutrophil population and serum TNF-α level. In conclusion, LGF treatment normalizes the physiological and morphological parameters and levels of various systemic inflammatory biomarkers in a chronic CSE AKR/J model, which may have important pathophysiological and therapeutic implications for subjects with stable COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Pérez-Rial
- Respiratory Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-CIBERES (IIS-FJD-CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Del Puerto-Nevado
- Respiratory Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-CIBERES (IIS-FJD-CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alvaro Girón-Martínez
- Respiratory Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-CIBERES (IIS-FJD-CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Terrón-Expósito
- Respiratory Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-CIBERES (IIS-FJD-CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan J Díaz-Gil
- Respiratory Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-CIBERES (IIS-FJD-CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicolás González-Mangado
- Respiratory Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-CIBERES (IIS-FJD-CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Germán Peces-Barba
- Respiratory Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-CIBERES (IIS-FJD-CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
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Niimori-Kita K, Ogino K, Mikami S, Kudoh S, Koizumi D, Kudoh N, Nakamura F, Misumi M, Shimomura T, Hasegawa K, Usui F, Nagahara N, Ito T. Identification of nuclear phosphoproteins as novel tobacco markers in mouse lung tissue following short-term exposure to tobacco smoke. FEBS Open Bio 2014; 4:746-54. [PMID: 25349779 PMCID: PMC4208089 DOI: 10.1016/j.fob.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We analyzed nuclear phosphoprotein expression activated by tobacco smoke exposure. 253 phosphoproteins were identified in 1-day and 7-day exposure groups. Of these, 33 were significantly differentially expressed in control and exposed groups. Identified proteins were related to inflammation, response to stress and nicotine. OSF3 and spectrin β chain were identified as candidate tobacco smoke markers.
Smoking is a risk factor for lung diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms mediating the progression of these diseases remain unclear. Therefore, we sought to identify signaling pathways activated by tobacco-smoke exposure, by analyzing nuclear phosphoprotein expression using phosphoproteomic analysis of lung tissue from mice exposed to tobacco smoke. Sixteen mice were exposed to tobacco smoke for 1 or 7 days, and the expression of phosphorylated peptides was analyzed by mass spectrometry. A total of 253 phosphoproteins were identified, including FACT complex subunit SPT16 in the 1-day exposure group, keratin type 1 cytoskeletal 18 (K18), and adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein, in the 7-day exposure group, and peroxiredoxin-1 (OSF3) and spectrin β chain brain 1 (SPTBN1), in both groups. Semi-quantitative analysis of the identified phosphoproteins revealed that 33 proteins were significantly differentially expressed between the control and exposed groups. The identified phosphoproteins were classified according to their biological functions. We found that the identified proteins were related to inflammation, regeneration, repair, proliferation, differentiation, morphogenesis, and response to stress and nicotine. In conclusion, we identified proteins, including OSF3 and SPTBN1, as candidate tobacco smoke-exposure markers; our results provide insights into the mechanisms of tobacco smoke-induced diseases.
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Key Words
- 60s-RP, 60s ribosomal protein L10E
- AFABP, adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein
- ALDH2, aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
- COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder
- CRP1, cysteine and glycine-rich protein 1
- ERK(1/2), extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2
- FACTp140, FACT complex subunit SPT16
- HIP1, Huntingtin-interacting protein 1
- IL, interleukin
- JNK, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase
- Jak2, tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2
- K18, keratin type 1 cytoskeletal 18
- K8, keratin type 2 cytoskeletal 8
- LIM, LIM/homeobox protein
- MAPK3, mitogen-activated protein kinase 3
- NF-κB, nuclear factor-kappa B
- Nuclear phosphoprotein
- OSF3, peroxiredoxin-1
- PKC-α, protein kinase C-α
- PRP19, pre-mRNA-processing factor 19
- Phosphoproteomic analysis
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SPTBN1, spectrin β chain brain 1
- STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription
- Signaling pathways
- TGF-β, Transforming growth factor-β
- TIM, mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit Tim9
- TNF, tumor necrosis factor
- TNFR2, tumor necrosis factor receptor 2
- TRAP1, heat shock protein 75 kDa
- Tobacco smoke exposure
- p100, serine protease P100
- pSTAT3-Tyr705, phosphorylated STAT3
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Niimori-Kita
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Ogino
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Sayaka Mikami
- AMR Incorporated, 2-13-18, Nakane, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-0031, Japan
| | - Shinji Kudoh
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Daikai Koizumi
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Noritaka Kudoh
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Fumiko Nakamura
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masahiro Misumi
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Tadasuke Shimomura
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Koki Hasegawa
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Usui
- AMR Incorporated, 2-13-18, Nakane, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-0031, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Nagahara
- Isotope Research Center, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5, Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
| | - Takaaki Ito
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Medicine, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1, Honjo, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
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Itoh M, Tsuji T, Nakamura H, Yamaguchi K, Fuchikami JI, Takahashi M, Morozumi Y, Aoshiba K. Systemic effects of acute cigarette smoke exposure in mice. Inhal Toxicol 2014; 26:464-73. [PMID: 24932561 DOI: 10.3109/08958378.2014.917346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cigarette smoke (CS) causes both pulmonary and extrapulmonary disorders. OBJECTIVE To determine the pulmonary and extrapulmonary effects of acute CS exposure in regard to inflammation, oxidative stress and DNA damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were exposed to CS for 10 days and then their lungs, heart, liver, pancreas, kidneys, gastrocnemius muscle and subcutaneous (inguinal and flank) and visceral (retroperitoneum and periuterus) adipose tissues were excised. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples were obtained for differential cell analysis. Inflammatory cell infiltration of the tissues was assessed by immunohistochemistry for Mac-3(+) cells, F4/80(+) cells and CD45(+) cells. Oxidative stress was determined by immunohistochemistry for thymidine glycol (a marker of DNA peroxidation) and 4-hydroxy hexenal (a marker of lipid peroxidation), by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for protein carbonyls (a marker of protein peroxidation) and by measurements of enzyme activities of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase. DNA double-strand breaks were assessed by immunohistochemistry for γH2AX. RESULTS CS exposure-induced inflammatory cell infiltration, oxidative stress and DNA damage in the lung. Neither inflammatory cell infiltration nor DNA damage was observed in any extrapulmonary organs. However, oxidative stress was increased in the heart and inguinal adipose tissue. DISCUSSIONS Induction of inflammatory cell infiltration and DNA damage by acute CS exposure was confined to the lung. However, an increased oxidative burden occurred in the heart and some adipose tissue, as well as in the lung. CONCLUSIONS Although extrapulmonary effects of CS are relatively modest compared with the pulmonary effects, some extrapulmonary organs are vulnerable to CS-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Itoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center , Ibaraki , Japan
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Maltais F, Decramer M, Casaburi R, Barreiro E, Burelle Y, Debigaré R, Dekhuijzen PNR, Franssen F, Gayan-Ramirez G, Gea J, Gosker HR, Gosselink R, Hayot M, Hussain SNA, Janssens W, Polkey MI, Roca J, Saey D, Schols AMWJ, Spruit MA, Steiner M, Taivassalo T, Troosters T, Vogiatzis I, Wagner PD. An official American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society statement: update on limb muscle dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2014; 189:e15-62. [PMID: 24787074 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201402-0373st] [Citation(s) in RCA: 667] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limb muscle dysfunction is prevalent in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and it has important clinical implications, such as reduced exercise tolerance, quality of life, and even survival. Since the previous American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society (ATS/ERS) statement on limb muscle dysfunction, important progress has been made on the characterization of this problem and on our understanding of its pathophysiology and clinical implications. PURPOSE The purpose of this document is to update the 1999 ATS/ERS statement on limb muscle dysfunction in COPD. METHODS An interdisciplinary committee of experts from the ATS and ERS Pulmonary Rehabilitation and Clinical Problems assemblies determined that the scope of this document should be limited to limb muscles. Committee members conducted focused reviews of the literature on several topics. A librarian also performed a literature search. An ATS methodologist provided advice to the committee, ensuring that the methodological approach was consistent with ATS standards. RESULTS We identified important advances in our understanding of the extent and nature of the structural alterations in limb muscles in patients with COPD. Since the last update, landmark studies were published on the mechanisms of development of limb muscle dysfunction in COPD and on the treatment of this condition. We now have a better understanding of the clinical implications of limb muscle dysfunction. Although exercise training is the most potent intervention to address this condition, other therapies, such as neuromuscular electrical stimulation, are emerging. Assessment of limb muscle function can identify patients who are at increased risk of poor clinical outcomes, such as exercise intolerance and premature mortality. CONCLUSIONS Limb muscle dysfunction is a key systemic consequence of COPD. However, there are still important gaps in our knowledge about the mechanisms of development of this problem. Strategies for early detection and specific treatments for this condition are also needed.
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Yoshitomi T, Kuramochi K, Binh Vong L, Nagasaki Y. Development of nitroxide radicals-containing polymer for scavenging reactive oxygen species from cigarette smoke. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2014; 15:035002. [PMID: 27877678 PMCID: PMC5090523 DOI: 10.1088/1468-6996/15/3/035002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We developed a nitroxide radicals-containing polymer (NRP), which is composed of poly(4-methylstyrene) possessing nitroxide radicals as a side chain via amine linkage, to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) from cigarette smoke. In this study, the NRP was coated onto cigarette filters and its ROS-scavenging activity from streaming cigarette smoke was evaluated. The intensity of electron spin resonance signals of the NRP in the filter decreased after exposure to cigarette smoke, indicating consumption of nitroxide radicals. To evaluate the ROS-scavenging activity of the NRP-coated filter, the amount of peroxy radicals in an extract of cigarette smoke was measured using UV-visible spectrophotometry and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The absorbance of DPPH at 517 nm decreased with exposure to cigarette smoke. When NRP-coated filters were used, the decrease in the absorbance of DPPH was prevented. In contrast, both poly[4-(cyclohexylamino)methylstyrene]- and poly(acrylic acid)-coated filters, which have no nitroxide radical, did not show any effect, indicating that the nitroxide radicals in the NRP scavenge the ROS in cigarette smoke. As a result, the extract of cigarette smoke passed through the NRP-coated filter has a lower cellular toxicity than smoke passed through poly[4-(cyclohexylamino)methylstyrene]- and poly(acrylic acid)-coated filters. Accordingly, NRP is a promising material for ROS scavenging from cigarette smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Yoshitomi
- Department of Materials Sciences Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kuramochi
- Department of Materials Sciences Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Long Binh Vong
- Department of Materials Sciences Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Yukio Nagasaki
- Department of Materials Sciences Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
- Master’s School of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
- Satellite Laboratory, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
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Barreiro E. Protein carbonylation and muscle function in COPD and other conditions. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2014; 33:219-236. [PMID: 24167039 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Revised: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle, the most abundant tissue in mammals, is essential for any activity in life. Muscle dysfunction is a common systemic manifestation in highly prevalent conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cancer cachexia, and sepsis. It has a significant impact on exercise tolerance, thus worsening the patients' quality of life and survival. Among several factors, oxidative stress is a major player in the etiology of skeletal muscle dysfunction associated with those conditions. Whereas low levels of oxidants are absolutely required for normal cell adaptation, high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) alter the function and structure of molecules such as proteins, DNA, and lipids. Specifically, protein carbonylation, a common variety of protein oxidation, was shown to alter the function of key enzymes and structural proteins involved in muscle contractile performance. Moreover, increased levels of ROS may also activate proteolytic systems, thus leading to enhanced protein breakdown in several models. In the current review, the specific modifications induced by carbonylation in protein structure and function in muscles have been described. Furthermore, the potential role of ROS in the activation of proteolytic systems in skeletal muscles is also discussed. The review summarizes the effects of protein carbonylation on muscles in several models and conditions such as COPD, disuse muscle atrophy, cancer cachexia, sepsis, and aging. Future research should focus on the elucidation of the specific protein sites modified by ROS in these muscles using redox proteomics analyses and on the assessment of the consequent alterations in protein function and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Barreiro
- Pulmonology Department-Muscle Research, Respiratory System Unit (URMAR), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM)-Hospital del Mar, Department of Experimental, Health Sciences (CEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), Dr. Aiguader, 88, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Bunyola, Majorca, Balearic Islands, Spain
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50
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Colombo G, Clerici M, Giustarini D, Portinaro NM, Aldini G, Rossi R, Milzani A, Dalle-Donne I. Pathophysiology of tobacco smoke exposure: recent insights from comparative and redox proteomics. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2014; 33:183-218. [PMID: 24272816 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
First-hand and second-hand tobacco smoke are causally linked to a huge number of deaths and are responsible for a broad spectrum of pathologies such as cancer, cardiovascular, respiratory, and eye diseases as well as adverse effects on female reproductive function. Cigarette smoke is a complex mixture of thousands of different chemical species, which exert their negative effects on macromolecules and biochemical pathways, both directly and indirectly. Many compounds can act as oxidants, pro-inflammatory agents, carcinogens, or a combination of these. The redox behavior of cigarette smoke has many implications for smoke related diseases. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (both radicals and non-radicals), reactive carbonyl compounds, and other species may induce oxidative damage in almost all the biological macromolecules, compromising their structure and/or function. Different quantitative and redox proteomic approaches have been applied in vitro and in vivo to evaluate, respectively, changes in protein expression and specific oxidative protein modifications induced by exposure to cigarette smoke and are overviewed in this review. Many gel-based and gel-free proteomic techniques have already been used successfully to obtain clues about smoke effects on different proteins in cell cultures, animal models, and humans. The further implementation with other sensitive screening techniques could be useful to integrate the comprehension of cigarette smoke effects on human health. In particular, the redox proteomic approach may also help identify biomarkers of exposure to tobacco smoke useful for preventing these effects or potentially predictive of the onset and/or progression of smoking-induced diseases as well as potential targets for therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziano Colombo
- Department of Biosciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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