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Burrai F, De Marinis MG, Piredda M. Virtual Reality During Chemotherapy Infusion: An Innovative Intervention in Holistic Nursing Practice. Holist Nurs Pract 2024; 38:220-226. [PMID: 37585475 DOI: 10.1097/hnp.0000000000000616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Patients with cancer receiving infusional chemotherapy show negative symptoms such as worry about their survival, anxiety, anguish, depression, fear, magnified perception of the passage of time, and difficulty managing boredom. Patients also suffer various side effects produced by chemotherapy such as nausea, vomiting, pain, and fatigue, which, together with psychological distress, drastically reduce their quality of life and adherence to therapy with a corresponding reduction in the probability of the individual's survival. Virtual Reality is one of the most innovative and promising digital health interventions, capable of quickly and effectively producing a positive influence on the psychosomatic axis, improving patients' quality of life during chemotherapy. Virtual Reality, through its 3-dimensional multisensory technology, isolates sensory channels from the negative external environment and enables an experience of being physically and psychologically present within virtual scenarios, in which patients can perceive sensations, emotions, cognitions, and interactions as if they really were in different surroundings. This article systematically expounds the scientific conditions necessary for effective, appropriate, and safe implementation of Virtual Reality interventions in holistic nursing practice, describing the underpinning conceptual framework, the types, technological characteristics, methods of use, duration, type of virtual content, and implementation procedure of Virtual Reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Burrai
- Author Affiliations: Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, PhD School in Nursing Sciences and Public Health, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," Rome, Italy (Dr Burrai); Department of Medicine and Surgery, Research Unit Nursing Science, Campus Bio-Medico of Rome University, Rome, Italy (Ms De Marinis); and Department of Medicine and Surgery, Research Unit Nursing Science, Campus Bio-Medico of Rome University, Rome, Italy (Dr Piredda)
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Smith MJ, Ryzin MV, Jordan N, Atkins M, Bornheimer LA, Sherwood K, Smith JD. Virtual Job Interview Training: A Dose Response to Improve Employment for Transition-Age Youth With Disabilities. CAREER DEVELOPMENT AND TRANSITION FOR EXCEPTIONAL INDIVIDUALS 2024; 47:92-105. [PMID: 38988658 PMCID: PMC11232528 DOI: 10.1177/21651434231160532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Virtual Interview Training for Transition Age Youth and Virtual Reality Job Interview Training are job interview simulators with demonstrated effectiveness in randomized controlled trials. We evaluated their dose responses via secondary data analysis of 558 transition-age youth with disabilities in 47 schools where the simulators were implemented in quasi-experimental studies. Cut-point analyses determined dosing efficiency and efficacy to optimize competitive employment. The most efficient dose when accounting for the balance between dose and employment was completing nine virtual interviews. The most efficacious dose to maximize the likelihood of successful employment was 38, but varied across race, IQ, IDEA categories and employment history. This study provides a novel approach to inform implementation guidelines for virtual interview training in pre-employment transition services. Limitations and implications for research and practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Smith
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Neil Jordan
- Center for Education in Health Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Hines VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois
| | - Marc Atkins
- Institute for Juvenile Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago, IlL
| | | | - Kari Sherwood
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Justin D. Smith
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Danielson EC, Smith MJ, Ross B, Sherwood K, Smith JD, Atkins M, Jordan N. Implementation Preparation Costs of Virtual Interview Training in Pre-Employment Transition Services: A Budget Impact Analysis. JOURNAL OF SPECIAL EDUCATION TECHNOLOGY : A PUBLICATION OF UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY, THE ASSOCIATION FOR SPECIAL EDUCATION TECHNOLOGY, AND THE TECHNOLOGY AND MEDIA DIVISION OF THE COUNCIL FOR EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN 2024; 39:27-40. [PMID: 38975255 PMCID: PMC11225931 DOI: 10.1177/01626434231175372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Virtual Reality Job Interview Training (VR-JIT) and Virtual Interview Training for Transition Age Youth (VIT-TAY) demonstrated initial effectiveness at increasing employment among transition-age youth with disabilities engaged in pre-employment transition services. We characterized activities and estimated the labor and non-labor costs required to prepare schools to implement VR-JIT or VIT-TAY. Implementation preparation and support teams reported labor hours throughout the implementation preparation process. Implementation preparation labor hours at 43 schools cost approximately $1,427 per school, while non-labor costs were $100 per trainee (student). We estimated the replication of implementation preparation labor activities would cost $1,024 per school (range: $841-$1,208). Most costs were spent in delivery planning and teacher training. Given that implementation preparation costs can be barriers to intervention adoption, our results provide critical information for contemplating future implementation of VR-JIT or VIT-TAY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C. Danielson
- Center for Education in Health Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Matthew J. Smith
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Brittany Ross
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Kari Sherwood
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Justin D. Smith
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Marc Atkins
- Institute for Juvenile Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Neil Jordan
- Center for Education in Health Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Hines VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois
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Blajeski SM, Smith MJ, Harrington M, Johnson J, Oulvey EA, Mueser KT, McGurk SR, Razzano LA. Critical elements in the experience of virtual reality job interview training for unemployed individuals with serious mental illness: Implications for IPS supported employment. Psychiatr Rehabil J 2023; 46:353-359. [PMID: 37589694 PMCID: PMC10872877 DOI: 10.1037/prj0000574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) who re-enter the labor market after extended unemployment may benefit from exposure to job interview training. This study explored the processes and perceived benefits of preparing for interviews using Virtual Reality Job Interviewing Training (VR-JIT) among employment specialists (ESs) and clients within the individual placement and support (IPS) model of supported employment. METHOD This study analyzed secondary qualitative data from a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of VR-JIT including qualitative focus groups comprised of IPS employment specialists (n = 11) and IPS clients (n = 13), semistructured interviews with IPS employment specialists (n = 3), and semistructured interviews with IPS clients (n = 3). Additionally, semistructured interviews with IPS employment specialists (n = 8) who naturalistically implemented VR-JIT at four community mental health agencies independent of the RCT. All focus group and interview data were analyzed using grounded theory methodology. RESULTS Three main processes were viewed by employment specialists (and their clients) as beneficial for individuals with SMI receiving IPS with VR-JIT: (a) exposure to a simulated interview in a safe environment; (b) practicing and receiving job interviewing feedback; and (c) improved confidence and motivation in job seeking. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE VR-JIT improved IPS participants' confidence in job seeking through proposed mechanisms of exposure to a simulated job interview and repetition and practice of job interview skills. These critical elements indicate that VR-JIT has the potential to improve IPS client engagement particularly with those who have had prolonged periods of unemployment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon M. Blajeski
- Portland State University School of Social Work
- University of Michigan School of Social Work
| | - Matthew J. Smith
- Portland State University School of Social Work
- University of Michigan School of Social Work
| | | | | | | | - Kim T. Mueser
- Boston University Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation
| | | | - Lisa A. Razzano
- University of Illinois-Chicago Department of Psychiatry
- Thresholds Inc
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Hassan SZ, Sabet SS, Riegler MA, Baugerud GA, Ko H, Salehi P, Røed RK, Johnson M, Halvorsen P. Enhancing investigative interview training using a child avatar system: a comparative study of interactive environments. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20403. [PMID: 37989758 PMCID: PMC10663561 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47368-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of investigative interviews by police and Child Protective Services (CPS) on abused children can be profound, making effective training vital. Quality in these interviews often falls short and current training programs are insufficient in enabling adherence to best practice. We present a system for simulating an interactive environment with alleged abuse victims using a child avatar. The purpose of the system is to improve the quality of investigative interviewing by providing a realistic and engaging training experience for police and CPS personnel. We conducted a user study to assess the efficacy of four interactive platforms: VR, 2D desktop, audio, and text chat. CPS workers and child welfare students rated the quality of experience (QoE), realism, responsiveness, immersion, and flow. We also evaluated perceived learning impact, engagement in learning, self-efficacy, and alignment with best practice guidelines. Our findings indicate VR as superior in four out of five quality aspects, with 66% participants favoring it for immersive, realistic training. Quality of questions posed is crucial to these interviews. Distinguishing between appropriate and inappropriate questions, we achieved 87% balanced accuracy in providing effective feedback using our question classification model. Furthermore, CPS professionals demonstrated superior interview quality compared to non-professionals, independent of the platform.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael Alexander Riegler
- Department of Holistic Systems, SimulaMet, 0167, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Technology, Art and Design, OsloMet, 0167, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Hayley Ko
- Faculty of Social Sciences, OsloMet, 0167, Oslo, Norway
- Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Eastern Norway, 0369, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pegah Salehi
- Department of Holistic Systems, SimulaMet, 0167, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Pål Halvorsen
- Department of Holistic Systems, SimulaMet, 0167, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Technology, Art and Design, OsloMet, 0167, Oslo, Norway
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Smith MJ, Sherwood KL, Genova HM, Ross B, DaWalt LS, Bishop L, Telfer D, Brown C, Sanchez B, Kallen MA. Psychometric properties of the mock interview rating scale for autistic transition-age youth. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1235056. [PMID: 38025460 PMCID: PMC10657996 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1235056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Employment is a major contributor to quality of life. However, autistic people are often unemployed and underemployed. One potential barrier to employment is the job interview. However, the availability of psychometrically-evaluated assessments of job interviewing skills is limited for autism services providers and researchers. Objective We analyzed the psychometric properties of the Mock Interview Rating Scale that was adapted for research with autistic transition-age youth (A-MIRS; a comprehensive assessment of video-recorded job interview role-play scenarios using anchor-based ratings for 14 scripted job scenarios). Methods Eighty-five transition-age youth with autism completed one of two randomized controlled trials to test the effectiveness of two interventions focused on job interview skills. All participants completed a single job interview role-play at pre-test that was scored by raters using the A-MIRS. We analyzed the structure of the A-MIRS using classical test theory, which involved conducting both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyzes, Rasch model analysis and calibration techniques. We then assessed internal consistency, inter-rater reliability, and test-retest reliability. Pearson correlations were used to assess the A-MIRS' construct, convergent, divergent, criterion, and predictive validities by comparing it to demographic, clinical, cognitive, work history measures, and employment outcomes. Results Results revealed an 11-item unidimensional construct with strong internal consistency, inter-rater reliability, and test-retest reliability. Construct [pragmatic social skills (r = 0.61, p < 0.001), self-reported interview skills (r = 0.34, p = 0.001)], divergent [e.g., age (r = -0.13, p = 0.26), race (r = 0.02, p = 0.87)], and predictive validities [competitive employment (r = 0.31, p = 0.03)] received initial support via study correlations, while convergent [e.g., intrinsic motivation (r = 0.32, p = 0.007), job interview anxiety (r = -0.19, p = 0.08)] and criterion [e.g., prior employment (r = 0.22, p = 0.046), current employment (r = 0.21, p = 0.054)] validities were limited. Conclusion The psychometric properties of the 11-item A-MIRS ranged from strong-to-acceptable, indicating it may have utility as a reliable and valid method for assessing the job interview skills of autistic transition-age youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Smith
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Kari L. Sherwood
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Helen M. Genova
- Kessler Foundation, East Hanover, NJ, United States
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Brittany Ross
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | | | - Lauren Bishop
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
- Sandra Rosenbaum School of Social Work, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | | | - Cheryl Brown
- Ann Arbor Public Schools, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | | | - Michael A. Kallen
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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Smith MJ, Sherwood K, Sung C, Williams ED, Ross B, Sharma S, Sharma A, Harrington M, Brown C, Telfer D, Bond J, Toda S, Kearon D, Morrow S, Lovelace T, Dababnah S, Kattari SK, Magaña S, Watkins T, Liggett C, Riddle E, Smith JD, Hume K, Dawkins T, Baker-Ericzén M, Eack SM, Sinco B, Burke-Miller JK, Olsen D, Elkins J, Humm L, Steacy C. Enhancing pre-employment transition services: A type 1 hybrid randomized controlled trial protocol for evaluating WorkChat: A Virtual Workday among autistic transition-age youth. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2023; 34:101153. [PMID: 37456506 PMCID: PMC10338963 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2023.101153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Autistic transition-age youth experience high rates of unemployment and underemployment, in part due to the social challenges they may face when having conversations in the workplace. In an effort to help enhance conversational abilities in the workplace, our collaborative team partnered to develop WorkChat: A Virtual Workday. Specifically, our team of scientists, community partners, and diversity and inclusion experts participated in a community-engaged process to develop WorkChat using iterative feedback from autistic transition-age youth and their teachers. With initial development complete, this study reports on the protocol that our collaborative team developed, reviewed, and approved to conduct a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the real-world effectiveness and initial implementation process outcomes of WorkChat when integrated into post-secondary pre-employment transition services (Pre-ETS). Our aims are to: 1) evaluate whether services-as-usual in combination with WorkChat, compared to services-as-usual with an attention control, enhances social cognition and work-based social ability (between pre- and post-test); reduces anxiety about work-based social encounters (between pre- and post-test), and increases sustained employment by 9-month follow-up; 2) evaluate whether social cognitive ability and work-based social ability mediate the effect of WorkChat on sustained employment; and 3) conduct a multilevel, mixed-method process evaluation of WorkChat implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Smith
- University of Michigan, School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kari Sherwood
- University of Michigan, School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan, Department of Psychology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Connie Sung
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Ed-Dee Williams
- University of Michigan, School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Brittany Ross
- University of Michigan, School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sagun Sharma
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Apara Sharma
- University of Michigan, School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | | | - Justine Bond
- Michigan Rehabilitation Services, Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Sen Toda
- Michigan Career and Technical Institute, Plainwell, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Temple Lovelace
- Advanced Education Research & Development Fund, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Sarah Dababnah
- University of Maryland, School of Social Work, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shanna K. Kattari
- University of Michigan, School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan, Department of Women's and Gender Studies, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sandra Magaña
- University of Texas, School of Social Work, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Tikia Watkins
- Walled Lake Consolidated Schools, Walled Lake, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Justin D. Smith
- University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Kara Hume
- University of North Carolina, School of Education, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tamara Dawkins
- University of North Carolina, Department of Psychiatry, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mary Baker-Ericzén
- San Diego State University, Interwork Institute and Department of Administration, Rehabiliation, and Post-Secondary Education, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Shaun M. Eack
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Social Work and Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Quiles C, Verdoux H. Benefits of video games for people with schizophrenia: a literature review. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2023; 36:184-193. [PMID: 36939366 DOI: 10.1097/yco.0000000000000867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In spite of the overwhelming concerns about the deleterious impact of exposure to video games, a growing body of evidence suggests that it may be of potential interest for therapeutic purposes, particularly in schizophrenia. As literature is rapidly evolving, we carried out a systematic review of recent articles on this issue. RECENT FINDINGS We identified seven studies published from 2017 to 2022 exploring the benefits of commercial video games in people with schizophrenia and related disorders regarding symptoms, cognition and functional outcome. Six studies used an RCT design. Associations between gaming and better outcomes were found in three main areas: physical condition (walking speed, aerobic fitness), neurocognition (processing speed, memory and executive functions), and social functioning, self-efficacy in daily life activities and quality of life. SUMMARY Active use of video games is associated with better aerobic fitness and cognitive performances. Video gaming may contribute to better functional outcome and quality of life in patients suffering from cognitive impairments and difficulties in social functioning. Persons with schizophrenia may benefit from using commercial video games because of their potential therapeutic impact on functioning and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clélia Quiles
- Charles Perrens Hospital Center
- University Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Team Pharmacoepidemiology, UMR 1219, Bordeaux, France
| | - Hélène Verdoux
- University Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Team Pharmacoepidemiology, UMR 1219, Bordeaux, France
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Smith MJ, Burke-Miller JK, Bornheimer LA, Ross B, Bell MD, McGurk SR, Mueser KT, Brown A, Prestipino J, Borghani N, Nelson K, Lieberman T, Pashka NJ, Razzano LA, Kallen MA. Psychometric properties of the mock interview rating scale for schizophrenia and other serious mental illnesses. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1150307. [PMID: 37181877 PMCID: PMC10172658 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1150307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Over the past 10 years, job interview training has emerged as an area of study among adults with schizophrenia and other serious mental illnesses who face significant challenges when navigating job interviews. The field of mental health services research has limited access to assessments of job interview skills with rigorously evaluated psychometric properties. Objective We sought to evaluate the initial psychometric properties of a measure assessing job interview skills via role-play performance. Methods As part of a randomized controlled trial, 90 adults with schizophrenia or other serious mental illnesses completed a job interview role-play assessment with eight items (and scored using anchors) called the mock interview rating scale (MIRS). A classical test theory analysis was conducted including confirmatory factor analyses, Rasch model analysis and calibration, and differential item functioning; along with inter-rater, internal consistency, and test-retest reliabilities. Pearson correlations were used to evaluate construct, convergent, divergent, criterion, and predictive validity by correlating the MIRS with demographic, clinical, cognitive, work history measures, and employment outcomes. Results Our analyses resulted in the removal of a single item (sounding honest) and yielded a unidimensional total score measurement with support for its inter-rater reliability, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability. There was initial support for the construct, convergent, criterion, and predictive validities of the MIRS, as it correlated with measures of social competence, neurocognition, valuing job interview training, and employment outcomes. Meanwhile, the lack of correlations with race, physical health, and substance abuse lent support for divergent validity. Conclusion This study presents initial evidence that the seven-item version of the MIRS has acceptable psychometric properties supporting its use to assess job interview skills reliably and validly among adults with schizophrenia and other serious mental illnesses. Clinical Trial Registration NCT03049813.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Smith
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jane K. Burke-Miller
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | - Brittany Ross
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Morris D. Bell
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Susan R. McGurk
- Boston University Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kim T. Mueser
- Boston University Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lisa A. Razzano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Thresholds, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Michael A. Kallen
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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Smith MJ, Parham B, Mitchell J, Blajeski S, Harrington M, Ross B, Johnson J, Brydon DM, Johnson JE, Cuddeback GS, Smith JD, Bell MD, McGeorge R, Kaminski K, Suganuma A, Kubiak S. Virtual Reality Job Interview Training for Adults Receiving Prison-Based Employment Services: A Randomized Controlled Feasibility and Initial Effectiveness Trial. CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND BEHAVIOR 2023; 50:272-293. [PMID: 38881730 PMCID: PMC11178324 DOI: 10.1177/00938548221081447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Returning citizens struggle to obtain employment after release from prison, and navigating job interviews is a critical barrier they encounter. Implementing evidence-based interview training is a major gap in prison-based vocational services. We conducted a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the feasibility and initial effectiveness of Virtual Reality Job Interview Training within two prisons. Forty-four male returning citizens were randomized to receive service-as-usual (SAU) with VR-JIT (SAU+VR-JIT, n = 28) or SAU (n = 16). Participants reported VR-JIT was highly acceptable and usable. SAU+VR-JIT, as compared to SAU, had significant improvements (with large effect sizes) in interview skills, interview training motivation, and interview anxiety (all p < .05; ηp2 > .15), and greater employment by 6-month follow-up (OR = 7.4, p = .045). VR-JIT can potentially help fill a major gap in prison-based services. Future research is needed to validate VR-JIT effectiveness and evaluate VR-JIT implementation strategies within prisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Smith
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Brittani Parham
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan Department of Psychology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jamie Mitchell
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shannon Blajeski
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Brittany Ross
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jeffery Johnson
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Daphne M. Brydon
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Denver Graduate School of Social Work, Denver, CO, USA
| | | | - Gary S. Cuddeback
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Social Work, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Justin D. Smith
- University of Utah, Department of Population Health Sciences, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Morris D. Bell
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, West Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Kyle Kaminski
- Michigan Department of Corrections, Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Sheryl Kubiak
- Wayne State University School of Social Work, Detroit, MI, USA
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Hoşgelen EI, Kartelli F, Berger M, Erinç S, Yerlikaya D, Özbek Y, Yener G, Akdede BB, Alptekin K. A Real Environment Based Virtual Reality Psychosocial Treatment May Help Patients with Schizophrenia to Increase Social Functioning: A Preliminary Study. TURK PSIKIYATRI DERGISI = TURKISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2023; 34:244-253. [PMID: 38173325 PMCID: PMC10786351 DOI: 10.5080/u27046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
disorders. The aim of the study is to investigate the impact of the VR Psychosocial Treatment Program (PTP) on psychosocial functioning and symptoms in people with schizophrenia. METHOD Seven schizophrenia patients who have been admitted to the Schizophrenia Outpatient Unit of Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine and met the diagnosis of schizophrenia according to DSM-V diagnostic criteria were included in the study. Psychosocial functionality level was assessed by PSP (Personal and Social Performance Scale), positive and negative symptom severity with PANSS (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), and social skills with SSC (Social Skills Checklist). VRPTP was continued for a total of 10 sessions and twice a week during five weeks. In this study, a real-environment-based VR-PTP for schizophrenia patients was developed. In the sessions, there were different realenvironment- based VR contents including social interaction components such as cafe, market, bazaar, public transportation. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference between the PSP scores before and after the VR application (p=0.018). None of the patients reported motion sickness during VR sessions due to the immersive nature of VR. There was no significant difference between pre and post VR PANSS total and subscale scores. CONCLUSION In this preliminary study, we discovered that realenvironment- based VR-PTP is effective for improving the social skills of patients with schizophrenia. Cognitive enhancement programs and psychosocial functionality therapies may be carried out using virtual reality in the near future. VR can assist patients in coping with their symptoms and day-to-day challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Ilgın Hoşgelen
- Psychologist, Dokuz Eylül University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Neurosciences
| | - Faik Kartelli
- Asst. Prof, Dokuz Eylül University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Neurosciences
| | - Markus Berger
- Instructor, Dokuz Eylül University, Faculty of Fine Arts, Department of Film Design, Cartoon and Animation
| | | | - Deniz Yerlikaya
- Psychologist, Dokuz Eylül University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Neurosciences
| | - Yağmur Özbek
- Psychologist, Dokuz Eylül University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Neurosciences
| | - Görsev Yener
- Prof., İzmir University of Economics, Faculty of Medicine / Dokuz Eylül University, Brain Dynamics Multidisciplinary Research Center / Dokuz Eylül University, International Biomedicine and Genome Institute
| | - Berna Binnur Akdede
- Prof., Dokuz Eylül University, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Balçova / Dokuz Eylül University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Neurosciences, Balçova, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Köksal Alptekin
- Prof., Dokuz Eylül University, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Balçova / Dokuz Eylül University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Neurosciences, Balçova, İzmir, Turkey
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12
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Tan BL, Shi J, Yang S, Loh H, Ng D, Choo C, Medalia A. The use of virtual reality and augmented reality in psychosocial rehabilitation for adults with neurodevelopmental disorders: A systematic review. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1055204. [PMID: 36590624 PMCID: PMC9794993 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1055204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Virtual reality and augmented reality have been used in psychosocial rehabilitation for adults with neurodevelopmental disorders in recent years, to provide functional training in a scaffolded and appealing manner. This systematic review attempted to evaluate (1) how virtual reality or augmented reality technology was deployed, when used as an intervention for adults with neurodevelopmental disorders; and (2) how virtual or augmented reality-assisted psychosocial rehabilitation programs impacted on the functional domains of community living, employment and social participation. Methods The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was adopted and a search of publications between June 2012 and June 2022 was carried out. The target groups were adults with schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorders, autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disabilities and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Interventions that targeted at least one functional domain were included. Results The database search generated 1,267 records and 38 studies met the inclusion criteria. Three studies utilized augmented reality while the rest utilized virtual reality. The virtual scenarios were displayed in various ways, such as head-mounted displays, computer screens, mobile devices and cave rooms. A few studies also used features such as speech recognition, eye tracking and motion-capture device to provide real-time feedback to participants during rehabilitation. Eleven studies reported interventions that addressed community living, 15 studies addressed vocational skills and nine studies trained participants in social skills or social cognition. Three studies sought to improve quality of life using virtual scenarios to expose participants to various situations. Majority of these studies reported preliminary promising results, with improvement in the functional domains addressed. However, several studies had small sample sizes and many single-arm pretest-posttest studies were assessed to be of serious or critical risk of bias. Conclusion Virtual reality and augmented reality are deployed in various ways to augment psychosocial rehabilitation for adults with neurodevelopmental disorders. Most interventions target skills training or strategy learning in the areas of community living, work and social participation. Preliminary positive findings of their effects on functional performance were reported. Larger and robust studies using ecologically valid outcome measures will be needed to establish their effects on real-world functional outcomes. Systematic review registration identifier: CRD42022335443.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhing-Leet Tan
- Health and Social Sciences Cluster, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore, Singapore
- Occupational Therapy Department, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jing Shi
- Health and Social Sciences Cluster, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Suyi Yang
- Occupational Therapy Department, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hannah Loh
- Occupational Therapy Department, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Desiree Ng
- Occupational Therapy Department, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cherie Choo
- Occupational Therapy Department, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alice Medalia
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States
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13
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Wiebe A, Kannen K, Selaskowski B, Mehren A, Thöne AK, Pramme L, Blumenthal N, Li M, Asché L, Jonas S, Bey K, Schulze M, Steffens M, Pensel MC, Guth M, Rohlfsen F, Ekhlas M, Lügering H, Fileccia H, Pakos J, Lux S, Philipsen A, Braun N. Virtual reality in the diagnostic and therapy for mental disorders: A systematic review. Clin Psychol Rev 2022; 98:102213. [PMID: 36356351 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2022.102213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Virtual reality (VR) technologies are playing an increasingly important role in the diagnostics and treatment of mental disorders. OBJECTIVE To systematically review the current evidence regarding the use of VR in the diagnostics and treatment of mental disorders. DATA SOURCE Systematic literature searches via PubMed (last literature update: 9th of May 2022) were conducted for the following areas of psychopathology: Specific phobias, panic disorder and agoraphobia, social anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive-compulsive disorder, eating disorders, dementia disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, depression, autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, and addiction disorders. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA To be eligible, studies had to be published in English, to be peer-reviewed, to report original research data, to be VR-related, and to deal with one of the above-mentioned areas of psychopathology. STUDY EVALUATION For each study included, various study characteristics (including interventions and conditions, comparators, major outcomes and study designs) were retrieved and a risk of bias score was calculated based on predefined study quality criteria. RESULTS Across all areas of psychopathology, k = 9315 studies were inspected, of which k = 721 studies met the eligibility criteria. From these studies, 43.97% were considered assessment-related, 55.48% therapy-related, and 0.55% were mixed. The highest research activity was found for VR exposure therapy in anxiety disorders, PTSD and addiction disorders, where the most convincing evidence was found, as well as for cognitive trainings in dementia and social skill trainings in autism spectrum disorder. CONCLUSION While VR exposure therapy will likely find its way successively into regular patient care, there are also many other promising approaches, but most are not yet mature enough for clinical application. REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO register CRD42020188436. FUNDING The review was funded by budgets from the University of Bonn. No third party funding was involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Wiebe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kyra Kannen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Benjamin Selaskowski
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Aylin Mehren
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Thöne
- School of Child and Adolescent Cognitive Behavior Therapy (AKiP), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lisa Pramme
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nike Blumenthal
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mengtong Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Laura Asché
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stephan Jonas
- Institute for Digital Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katharina Bey
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marcel Schulze
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Maria Steffens
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Max Christian Pensel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Matthias Guth
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Felicia Rohlfsen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Mogda Ekhlas
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Helena Lügering
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Helena Fileccia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Julian Pakos
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Silke Lux
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexandra Philipsen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Niclas Braun
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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Effect of Virtual Reality on Cognitive Impairment and Clinical Symptoms among Patients with Schizophrenia in the Remission Stage: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12111572. [PMID: 36421896 PMCID: PMC9688710 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12111572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: This intervention study evaluates the effect of a virtual reality cognition training system (VRCTS) on improving cognitive function and clinical symptoms in Han Chinese patients with schizophrenia in the remission stage. Methods: Sixty-eight patients with schizophrenia in the remission stage were recruited for this study and were randomly allocated to either the virtual reality training (VRT) group or the treatment-as-usual (TAU) group. For the VRT group, patients received training with the VRCTS for two weeks and antipsychotic treatment as usual, while the TAU group only received antipsychotic treatment as usual. Cognitive function and clinical symptoms before and after the two-week treatment were assessed by the MATRICS consensus cognitive battery (MCCB), positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS), and personal and social performance scale (PSP). Results: The results showed that (1) VRCTS could improve MCCB composite scores and scores on 2 out of 7 cognitive domains: visual learning as well as reasoning and problem solving. It was also observed that (2) VRCTS could alleviate general psychopathology symptoms of PANSS, but did not exert effects on positive and negative symptoms among patients with schizophrenia in the remission stage. Conclusions: A therapeutic effect of VRCTS was observed in patients with schizophrenia in the remission stage. This may improve cognitive function and general psychopathological symptoms. Trial registration: China Clinical Trial Registry, ChiVTR1800016121.
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Manghisi VM, Evangelista A, Semisa D, Latorre V, Uva AE. Evaluating the Acceptance of Cinematic Virtual Reality-Based Applications for Rehabilitative Interventions in Schizophrenia. Games Health J 2022; 11:385-392. [PMID: 36074091 DOI: 10.1089/g4h.2021.0223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the acceptability of Cinematic VR technology as a novel therapeutic approach supporting Social Skills Training (SST) rehabilitation interventions among patients with schizophrenia. Materials and Methods: We developed an innovative cinematic VR-based platform as a support system for SST rehabilitation of independent living skills and evaluated its acceptance among psychiatric patients in terms of usability, user experience, and use performance. Ten voluntary participants were enrolled in the study. The study inclusion criteria consisted of age 18-65 years, lack of moderate and severe intellectual disability, no substance use disorder, and schizophrenia spectrum disorder pathology according to DSM V. We administered post treatment questionnaires and developed the platform to capture relevant data automatically. Results: Patients rated usability and user experience from good to excellent. We also observed an improvement in the use performance. Conclusions: Cinematic Virtual Reality based applications showed good acceptability among patients with schizophrenia. This result supports further efforts in evaluating its effectiveness as a novel therapeutic approach supporting SST rehabilitation interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito M Manghisi
- Department of Mechanics, Mathematics, and Management, Polytechnic University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Evangelista
- Department of Mechanics, Mathematics, and Management, Polytechnic University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Semisa
- Department of Mental Health, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Valeria Latorre
- Department of Mental Health, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio E Uva
- Department of Mechanics, Mathematics, and Management, Polytechnic University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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16
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Smith MJ, Smith JD, Blajeski S, Ross B, Jordan N, Bell MD, McGurk SR, Mueser KT, Burke-Miller JK, Oulvey EA, Fleming MF, Nelson K, Brown A, Prestipino J, Pashka NJ, Razzano LA. An RCT of Virtual Reality Job Interview Training for Individuals With Serious Mental Illness in IPS Supported Employment. Psychiatr Serv 2022; 73:1027-1038. [PMID: 35172592 PMCID: PMC9661916 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.202100516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Virtual Reality Job Interview Training (VR-JIT) is a computerized interview simulator with efficacy at enhancing interview skills and employment outcomes. A randomized controlled trial assessed VR-JIT effectiveness for participants in individual placement and support (IPS), in which approximately 55% of individuals with serious mental illness obtain employment. METHODS Ninety participants with serious mental illness were randomly assigned to IPS+VR-JIT (N=54) or IPS as usual (N=36), completing pretest-posttest assessments and an employment evaluation at 9 months. Intent-to-treat chi-square analysis, multivariable logistic regression, Cox proportional hazards models, and mixed-effects linear regressions were conducted. Fifty-one percent were IPS nonresponders (i.e., no employment within the first 90 days of IPS). RESULTS IPS+VR-JIT participants did not have significantly higher employment rates, compared with IPS-as-usual participants (43% versus 28%). IPS nonresponders (N=46) in the IPS+VR-JIT group had greater odds of obtaining employment (odds ratio [OR]=5.82, p=0.014) and shorter time to employment (hazard ratio=2.70, p=0.044) compared with IPS nonresponders in the IPS-as-usual group. Intent-to-treat mixed-effects linear analyses indicated that IPS+VR-JIT, compared with IPS as usual, significantly improved interview skills (p=0.006), interview confidence (p=0.013), and interview anxiety (p=0.019). CONCLUSIONS VR-JIT's potential benefits (increased employment in a shorter time) appeared to be specific to IPS nonresponders, whereas employment outcomes for recent IPS enrollees were not affected. VR-JIT could be a valuable resource for employment specialists to support IPS nonresponders, because 47% of participants engaged in mock interview training with their specialist. Future research should focus on evaluating the effectiveness and implementation of VR-JIT among IPS nonresponders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Smith
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor (M. J. Smith, Blajeski, Ross); Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah Eccles School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (J. D. Smith); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago (Jordan, Fleming); Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Hines, Illinois (Jordan); Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (Bell); Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston University, Boston (McGurk, Mueser); Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago (Burke-Miller, Razzano); State of Illinois Department of Human Services, Chicago (Oulvey); Thresholds, Chicago (Nelson, Brown, Prestipino, Pashka, Razzano)
| | - Justin D Smith
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor (M. J. Smith, Blajeski, Ross); Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah Eccles School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (J. D. Smith); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago (Jordan, Fleming); Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Hines, Illinois (Jordan); Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (Bell); Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston University, Boston (McGurk, Mueser); Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago (Burke-Miller, Razzano); State of Illinois Department of Human Services, Chicago (Oulvey); Thresholds, Chicago (Nelson, Brown, Prestipino, Pashka, Razzano)
| | - Shannon Blajeski
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor (M. J. Smith, Blajeski, Ross); Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah Eccles School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (J. D. Smith); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago (Jordan, Fleming); Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Hines, Illinois (Jordan); Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (Bell); Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston University, Boston (McGurk, Mueser); Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago (Burke-Miller, Razzano); State of Illinois Department of Human Services, Chicago (Oulvey); Thresholds, Chicago (Nelson, Brown, Prestipino, Pashka, Razzano)
| | - Brittany Ross
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor (M. J. Smith, Blajeski, Ross); Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah Eccles School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (J. D. Smith); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago (Jordan, Fleming); Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Hines, Illinois (Jordan); Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (Bell); Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston University, Boston (McGurk, Mueser); Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago (Burke-Miller, Razzano); State of Illinois Department of Human Services, Chicago (Oulvey); Thresholds, Chicago (Nelson, Brown, Prestipino, Pashka, Razzano)
| | - Neil Jordan
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor (M. J. Smith, Blajeski, Ross); Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah Eccles School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (J. D. Smith); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago (Jordan, Fleming); Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Hines, Illinois (Jordan); Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (Bell); Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston University, Boston (McGurk, Mueser); Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago (Burke-Miller, Razzano); State of Illinois Department of Human Services, Chicago (Oulvey); Thresholds, Chicago (Nelson, Brown, Prestipino, Pashka, Razzano)
| | - Morris D Bell
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor (M. J. Smith, Blajeski, Ross); Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah Eccles School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (J. D. Smith); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago (Jordan, Fleming); Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Hines, Illinois (Jordan); Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (Bell); Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston University, Boston (McGurk, Mueser); Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago (Burke-Miller, Razzano); State of Illinois Department of Human Services, Chicago (Oulvey); Thresholds, Chicago (Nelson, Brown, Prestipino, Pashka, Razzano)
| | - Susan R McGurk
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor (M. J. Smith, Blajeski, Ross); Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah Eccles School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (J. D. Smith); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago (Jordan, Fleming); Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Hines, Illinois (Jordan); Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (Bell); Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston University, Boston (McGurk, Mueser); Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago (Burke-Miller, Razzano); State of Illinois Department of Human Services, Chicago (Oulvey); Thresholds, Chicago (Nelson, Brown, Prestipino, Pashka, Razzano)
| | - Kim T Mueser
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor (M. J. Smith, Blajeski, Ross); Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah Eccles School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (J. D. Smith); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago (Jordan, Fleming); Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Hines, Illinois (Jordan); Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (Bell); Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston University, Boston (McGurk, Mueser); Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago (Burke-Miller, Razzano); State of Illinois Department of Human Services, Chicago (Oulvey); Thresholds, Chicago (Nelson, Brown, Prestipino, Pashka, Razzano)
| | - Jane K Burke-Miller
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor (M. J. Smith, Blajeski, Ross); Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah Eccles School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (J. D. Smith); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago (Jordan, Fleming); Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Hines, Illinois (Jordan); Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (Bell); Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston University, Boston (McGurk, Mueser); Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago (Burke-Miller, Razzano); State of Illinois Department of Human Services, Chicago (Oulvey); Thresholds, Chicago (Nelson, Brown, Prestipino, Pashka, Razzano)
| | - Eugene A Oulvey
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor (M. J. Smith, Blajeski, Ross); Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah Eccles School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (J. D. Smith); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago (Jordan, Fleming); Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Hines, Illinois (Jordan); Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (Bell); Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston University, Boston (McGurk, Mueser); Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago (Burke-Miller, Razzano); State of Illinois Department of Human Services, Chicago (Oulvey); Thresholds, Chicago (Nelson, Brown, Prestipino, Pashka, Razzano)
| | - Michael F Fleming
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor (M. J. Smith, Blajeski, Ross); Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah Eccles School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (J. D. Smith); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago (Jordan, Fleming); Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Hines, Illinois (Jordan); Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (Bell); Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston University, Boston (McGurk, Mueser); Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago (Burke-Miller, Razzano); State of Illinois Department of Human Services, Chicago (Oulvey); Thresholds, Chicago (Nelson, Brown, Prestipino, Pashka, Razzano)
| | - Karley Nelson
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor (M. J. Smith, Blajeski, Ross); Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah Eccles School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (J. D. Smith); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago (Jordan, Fleming); Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Hines, Illinois (Jordan); Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (Bell); Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston University, Boston (McGurk, Mueser); Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago (Burke-Miller, Razzano); State of Illinois Department of Human Services, Chicago (Oulvey); Thresholds, Chicago (Nelson, Brown, Prestipino, Pashka, Razzano)
| | - Adrienne Brown
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor (M. J. Smith, Blajeski, Ross); Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah Eccles School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (J. D. Smith); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago (Jordan, Fleming); Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Hines, Illinois (Jordan); Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (Bell); Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston University, Boston (McGurk, Mueser); Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago (Burke-Miller, Razzano); State of Illinois Department of Human Services, Chicago (Oulvey); Thresholds, Chicago (Nelson, Brown, Prestipino, Pashka, Razzano)
| | - John Prestipino
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor (M. J. Smith, Blajeski, Ross); Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah Eccles School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (J. D. Smith); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago (Jordan, Fleming); Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Hines, Illinois (Jordan); Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (Bell); Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston University, Boston (McGurk, Mueser); Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago (Burke-Miller, Razzano); State of Illinois Department of Human Services, Chicago (Oulvey); Thresholds, Chicago (Nelson, Brown, Prestipino, Pashka, Razzano)
| | - Nicole J Pashka
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor (M. J. Smith, Blajeski, Ross); Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah Eccles School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (J. D. Smith); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago (Jordan, Fleming); Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Hines, Illinois (Jordan); Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (Bell); Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston University, Boston (McGurk, Mueser); Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago (Burke-Miller, Razzano); State of Illinois Department of Human Services, Chicago (Oulvey); Thresholds, Chicago (Nelson, Brown, Prestipino, Pashka, Razzano)
| | - Lisa A Razzano
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor (M. J. Smith, Blajeski, Ross); Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah Eccles School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (J. D. Smith); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago (Jordan, Fleming); Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Hines, Illinois (Jordan); Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut (Bell); Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston University, Boston (McGurk, Mueser); Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago (Burke-Miller, Razzano); State of Illinois Department of Human Services, Chicago (Oulvey); Thresholds, Chicago (Nelson, Brown, Prestipino, Pashka, Razzano)
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17
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Horan WP, Catalano LT, Green MF. An Update on Treatment of Cognitive Impairment Associated with Schizophrenia. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2022; 63:407-436. [PMID: 35915386 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2022_382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia (CIAS) is widely regarded as a critically important treatment target for schizophrenia. Despite major efforts and a number of promising findings, we do not yet have an approved drug for CIAS. Similarly, promising cognitive remediation approaches are limited in their ability to help patients achieve real-world functional gains on a wide scale. This article provides an update and critical evaluation of recent treatment development activities for CIAS. First, we provide update on pharmacological approaches, which include a glutamatergic drug that is currently in Phase III trials for CIAS, and discuss factors that may have impacted past efforts to identify efficacious drugs. Second, we review positive findings, limitations, and current trends involving cognitive remediation approaches. Third, we consider newer transdiagnostic approaches aimed at looking beyond, or identifying more homogenous subgroups within, the diagnostic category schizophrenia to advance treatment development. Despite its many challenges, treatment development for CIAS remains a major public health issue and research continues to push forward on several encouraging fronts.
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Affiliation(s)
- William P Horan
- WCG VeraSci, Durham, NC, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Lauren T Catalano
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael F Green
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Bell I, Pot-Kolder RM, Wood SJ, Nelson B, Acevedo N, Stainton A, Nicol K, Kean J, Bryce S, Bartholomeusz CF, Watson A, Schwartz O, Daglas-Georgiou R, Walton CC, Martin D, Simmons M, Zbukvic I, Thompson A, Nicholas J, Alvarez-Jimenez M, Allott K. Digital technology for addressing cognitive impairment in recent-onset psychosis: A perspective. Schizophr Res Cogn 2022; 28:100247. [PMID: 35281550 PMCID: PMC8914197 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2022.100247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive impairments in psychosis negatively impact functional recovery and quality of life. Existing interventions for improving cognitive impairment in recent-onset psychosis show inconsistent treatment efficacy, small effects, suboptimal engagement and limited generalizability to daily life functioning. In this perspective we explore how digital technology has the potential to address these limitations in order to improve cognitive and functional outcomes in recent-onset psychosis. Computer programs can be used for standardized, automated delivery of cognitive remediation training. Virtual reality provides the opportunity for learning and practicing cognitive skills in real-world scenarios within a virtual environment. Smartphone apps could be used for notification reminders for everyday tasks to compensate for cognitive difficulties. Internet-based technologies can offer psychoeducation and training materials for enhancing cognitive skills. Early findings indicate some forms of digital interventions for cognitive enhancement can be effective, with well-established evidence for human-supported computer-based cognitive remediation in recent-onset psychosis. Emerging evidence regarding virtual reality is favorable for improving social cognition. Overall, blending digital interventions with human support improves engagement and effectiveness. Despite the potential of digital interventions for enhancing cognition in recent-onset psychosis, few studies have been conducted to date. Implementation challenges affecting application of digital technologies for cognitive impairment in recent-onset psychosis are sustained engagement, clinical integration, and lack of quality in the commercial marketplace. Future opportunities lie in including motivational frameworks and behavioral change interventions, increasing service engagement in young people and lived experience involvement in digital intervention development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imogen Bell
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville 3052, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Roos M.C.A. Pot-Kolder
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville 3052, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Wood
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville 3052, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Barnaby Nelson
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville 3052, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicola Acevedo
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville 3052, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alexandra Stainton
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville 3052, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Katie Nicol
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville 3052, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - James Kean
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville 3052, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Shayden Bryce
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville 3052, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Cali F. Bartholomeusz
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville 3052, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Amity Watson
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville 3052, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Orli Schwartz
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville 3052, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rothanthi Daglas-Georgiou
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville 3052, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Courtney C. Walton
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville 3052, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Donel Martin
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales and Black Dog Institute, NSW, Australia
| | - Magenta Simmons
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville 3052, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Isabel Zbukvic
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville 3052, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Thompson
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville 3052, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jennifer Nicholas
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville 3052, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Mario Alvarez-Jimenez
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville 3052, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kelly Allott
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville 3052, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Xu X. To social with social distance: a case study on a VR-enabled graduation celebration amidst the pandemic. VIRTUAL REALITY 2022; 27:1-13. [PMID: 35464641 PMCID: PMC9013491 DOI: 10.1007/s10055-022-00646-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This paper introduces a timely case study on a 3D virtual reality-enabled graduation celebration project that provided an alternative approach to celebrating university graduation amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. The project was carefully designed with fun, engaging, and interactive activities to compensate for the cancelation of the conventional commencement in spring 2020 due to the pandemic. More than 20 graduating students, faculty and staff members participated in a 2-h virtual reality live event appearing as 3D avatars on their own computers. Quantitative and qualitative data collected from 10 participants were analyzed for user experience, cognitive contribution, technology acceptance, and the feasibility. Results revealed that such a project was technologically sound, functionally acceptable, user-friendly, and practically implementable. The results also informed the lessons learned from the current design and the places to improve. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10055-022-00646-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhao Xu
- School of Information Science and Learning Technologies, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO USA
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20
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Schroeder AH, Bogie BJM, Rahman TT, Thérond A, Matheson H, Guimond S. Feasibility and Efficacy of Virtual Reality Interventions to Improve Psychosocial Functioning in Psychosis: Systematic Review. JMIR Ment Health 2022; 9:e28502. [PMID: 35179501 PMCID: PMC8900915 DOI: 10.2196/28502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional recovery in psychosis remains a challenge despite current evidence-based treatment approaches. To address this problem, innovative interventions using virtual reality (VR) have recently been developed. VR technologies have enabled the development of realistic environments in which individuals with psychosis can receive psychosocial treatment interventions in more ecological settings than traditional clinics. These interventions may therefore increase the transfer of learned psychosocial skills to real-world environments, thereby promoting long-term functional recovery. However, the overall feasibility and efficacy of such interventions within the psychosis population remain unclear. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aims to investigate whether VR-based psychosocial interventions are feasible and enjoyable for individuals with psychosis, synthesize current evidence on the efficacy of VR-based psychosocial interventions for psychosis, and identify the limitations in the current literature to guide future research. METHODS This research followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed and PsycINFO in May 2021. We searched for peer-reviewed English articles that used a psychosocial intervention with a VR component. Participants in the included studies were diagnosed with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or another psychotic disorder. The included studies were divided into four categories as follows: cognitive remediation interventions, social skills interventions, vocational skills interventions, and auditory verbal hallucinations and paranoia interventions. The risk of bias assessment was performed for each study. RESULTS A total of 18 studies were included in this systematic review. Of these 18 studies, 4 (22%) studies used a cognitive remediation intervention, 4 (22%) studies used a social skills intervention, 3 (17%) studies used a vocational skills intervention, and 7 (39%) studies implemented an intervention aimed at improving auditory verbal hallucinations or paranoia. A total of 745 individuals with psychosis were included in the study. All the studies that evaluated feasibility showed that VR-based psychosocial interventions were feasible and enjoyable for individuals with psychosis. The preliminary evidence on efficacy included in this review suggests that VR-based psychosocial interventions can improve cognitive, social, and vocational skills in individuals with psychosis. VR-based interventions may also improve the symptoms of auditory verbal hallucinations and paranoia. The skills that participants learned through these interventions were durable, transferred into real-world environments, and led to improved functional outcomes, such as autonomy, managing housework, and work performance. CONCLUSIONS VR-based interventions may represent a novel and efficacious approach for improving psychosocial functioning in psychosis. Therefore, VR-based psychosocial interventions represent a promising adjunctive therapy for the treatment of psychosis, which may be used to improve psychosocial skills, community functioning, and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra H Schroeder
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Bryce J M Bogie
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Tabassum T Rahman
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Alexandra Thérond
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Hannah Matheson
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Synthia Guimond
- The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, University of Quebec in Outaouais, Gatineau, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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21
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Lacurezeanu E, Moroianu LA, Curis C, Ardeleanu V, Gurgas L, Moroianu M. Profile of the Young Patient with Schizophrenia Socio-Cultural Characteristics. ARS MEDICA TOMITANA 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/arsm-2022-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The importance of early diagnosis is closely related to the fact that the possibility of predicting the disease suggested by a somewhat characteristic psycho-behavioral profile of the adolescent with schizophrenia could constitute the basis for suspecting the condition which would at act interventions to prevent or delay the disease. In support of this statement is the fact that from the sample of patients included in this study aged between 18 and 30 years, at the time of admission, 44% were already retired due to the disease. This fact is representative of the dramatic socio-professional consequences of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, especially considering the fact that in proportion they were with: high school (32%), vocational school (16%) and higher education (10%). From the patients diagnosed with schizophrenia included in the study 31 benefited from family support and 23 from the community they belong to. Studies show that in the absence of social or family support, the isolation of patients with schizophrenia can trigger depression with a higher in-cidence of self-aggressive behavior and suicidal tendencies.
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Goharinejad S, Goharinejad S, Hajesmaeel-Gohari S, Bahaadinbeigy K. The usefulness of virtual, augmented, and mixed reality technologies in the diagnosis and treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children: an overview of relevant studies. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:4. [PMID: 34983446 PMCID: PMC8728980 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03632-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by attention problems, excessive physical activity, and impulsivity. ADHD affects not only the patients but also their families. The development and use of technologies such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR) for ADHD has increased over recent years. However, little is known about their potential usefulness. This overview aimed to clarify the current knowledge about the use of these three innovative technologies for the diagnosis and treatment of children with ADHD. METHODS This overview was conducted using the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases until January 24th, 2021. The following descriptive information was compiled from the identified studies: country, year of publication, sample size, study design, ADHD diagnosis methods, applied technology, hardware equipment, clinical target, and main findings. RESULTS The initial database searches yielded 409 articles, but 103 were removed as duplicates. Eventually, 30 eligible studies remained for analysis, the majority of which were case-control (n = 22, 73%). Regarding the applied technology/hardware equipment, VR (n = 27; 90%), head-mounted displays (n = 19, 63%), VR-based continuous performance tests (VR-CPT) (n = 21, 70%) were most frequently used. Most studies (n = 21, 70%) used the DSM criteria for the diagnosis of childhood ADHD. They primarily evaluated the utility of these technologies in assessing ADHD symptoms (n = 10, 33%) and improving the ADHD diagnostic process (n = 7, 23%). CONCLUSION This comprehensive overview evaluated the studies on the use of VR, AR, and MR technologies for children with ADHD. These technologies seem to be promising tools for improving the diagnosis and management of ADHD in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeideh Goharinejad
- Medical Informatics Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Samira Goharinejad
- Department of Health Information Management, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadrieh Hajesmaeel-Gohari
- Medical Informatics Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Kambiz Bahaadinbeigy
- Medical Informatics Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Weld-Blundell I, Shields M, Devine A, Dickinson H, Kavanagh A, Marck C. Vocational Interventions to Improve Employment Participation of People with Psychosocial Disability, Autism and/or Intellectual Disability: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182212083. [PMID: 34831840 PMCID: PMC8618542 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182212083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To systematically review interventions aimed at improving employment participation of people with psychosocial disability, autism, and intellectual disability. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, ERIC, and ERC for studies published from 2010 to July 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of interventions aimed at increasing participation in open/competitive or non-competitive employment were eligible for inclusion. We included studies with adults with psychosocial disability autism and/or intellectual disability. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias II Tool. Data were qualitatively synthesized. Our review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020219192). Results: We included 26 RCTs: 23 targeted people with psychosocial disabilities (n = 2465), 3 included people with autism (n = 214), and none included people with intellectual disability. Risk of bias was high in 8 studies, moderate for 18, and low for none. There was evidence for a beneficial effect of Individual Placement and Support compared to control conditions in 10/11 studies. Among young adults with autism, there was some evidence for the benefit of Project SEARCH and ASD supports on open employment. Discussion: Gaps in the availability of high-quality evidence remain, undermining comparability and investment decisions in vocational interventions. Future studies should focus on improving quality and consistent measurement, especially for interventions targeting people with autism and/or intellectual disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Weld-Blundell
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia; (I.W.-B.); (M.S.); (A.K.); (C.M.)
| | - Marissa Shields
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia; (I.W.-B.); (M.S.); (A.K.); (C.M.)
| | - Alexandra Devine
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia; (I.W.-B.); (M.S.); (A.K.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Helen Dickinson
- School of Business, University of New South Wales, Canberra 2610, Australia;
| | - Anne Kavanagh
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia; (I.W.-B.); (M.S.); (A.K.); (C.M.)
| | - Claudia Marck
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia; (I.W.-B.); (M.S.); (A.K.); (C.M.)
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Fong CJ, Taylor J, Berdyyeva A, McClelland AM, Murphy KM, Westbrook JD. Interventions for improving employment outcomes for persons with autism spectrum disorders: A systematic review update. CAMPBELL SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2021; 17:e1185. [PMID: 37052419 PMCID: PMC8354554 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is on the rise. Currently, 1 in 59 children are identified with ASD in the United States. ASD refers to a range of neurological disorders that involve some degree of difficulty with communication and interpersonal relationships. The range of the spectrum for autism disorders is wide with those at the higher functioning end often able to lead relatively independent lives and complete academic programs even while demonstrating social awkwardness. Those at the lower functioning end of the autism spectrum often demonstrate physical limitations, may lack speech, and have the inability to relate socially with others. As persons with ASD age, options such as employment become increasingly important as a consideration for long-term personal planning and quality of life. While many challenges exist for persons with ASD in obtaining and maintaining employment, some research shows that, with effective behavioral and social interventions, employment can occur. About 37% of individuals with ASD report having been employed for 12 months or more, 4 years after exiting high school. However, several studies show that individuals with ASD are more likely to lose their employment for behavioral and social interaction problems rather than their inability to perform assigned work tasks. Although Westbrook et al. (2012a, 2013, 2015) have reviewed the literature on interventions targeting employment for individuals with ASD, this review is outdated and does not account for recent developments in the field. OBJECTIVES The objective of this review is to determine the effectiveness of employment interventions in securing and maintaining employment for adults and transition-age youth with ASD, updating two reviews by Westbrook et al. (2012a, 2013). SEARCH METHODS The comprehensive search strategy used to identify relevant studies included a review of 28 relevant electronic databases. Search terminology for each of the electronic databases was developed from available database thesauri. Appropriate synonyms were used to maximize the database search output. Several international databases were included among the 28 databases searched. In addition, the authors identified and reviewed gray literature through analysis of reference lists of relevant studies. Unpublished dissertations and theses were also identified through database searches. The programs of conferences held by associations and organizations relevant to ASD and employment were also searched. In sum, the search strategy replicated and expanded the prior search methods used by Westbrook et al. (2012a, 2013). SELECTION CRITERIA Selection criteria consisted of an intervention evaluation using a randomized controlled trial or quasi-experimental design, an employment outcome, and a population of individuals with ASD. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We updated the search from Westbrook et al., replicating and broadening the information retrieval processes. Our wide array of sources included electronic databases, gray literature, and conference and organization websites. Once all potentially relevant studies were located, pairs of coders evaluated the relevance of each title and abstract. Among the studies deemed potentially relevant, 278 were subjected to full-text retrieval and screening by pairs of coders. Because many intervention studies did not include employment outcomes, only three studies met our inclusion criteria. Given the small number of included studies, meta-analytic procedures were not used; rather, we opted to use more narrative and descriptive analysis to summarize the available evidence, including an assessment of risk of bias. RESULTS The systematic review update identified three studies that evaluated employment outcomes for interventions for individuals with ASD. All three studies identified in the review suggest that vocation-focused programs may have positive impacts on the employment outcomes for individuals with ASD. Wehman et al. indicated that participants in Project SEARCH had higher employment rates than control participants at both 9-month and 1-year follow-up time points. Adding autism spectrum disorder supports, Project SEARCH in Wehman et al.'s study also demonstrated higher employment rates for treatment participants than control participants at postgraduation, 3-month follow-up, and 12-month follow-up. Smith et al. found that virtual reality job interview training was able to increase the number of job offers treatment participants received compared to control participants. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Given that prior reviews did not identify interventions with actual employment outcomes, the more recent emergence of evaluations of such programs is encouraging. This suggests that there is a growing body of evidence regarding interventions to enhance the employment outcomes for individuals with ASD but also greater need to conduct rigorous trials of vocation-based interventions for individuals with ASD that measure employment outcomes.
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Smith MJ, Sherwood K, Ross B, Smith JD, DaWalt L, Bishop L, Humm L, Elkins J, Steacy C. Virtual interview training for autistic transition age youth: A randomized controlled feasibility and effectiveness trial. AUTISM : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2021; 25:1536-1552. [PMID: 33567883 PMCID: PMC8324503 DOI: 10.1177/1362361321989928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT Autistic transition age youth struggle with obtaining employment, and interviewing is a critical barrier to getting a job. We adapted an efficacious virtual reality job interview intervention to meet the needs of autistic transition age youth, called the Virtual Interview Training for Transition Age Youth. This study evaluated whether Virtual Interview Training for Transition Age Youth can be feasibly delivered in high school special education settings and whether Virtual Interview Training for Transition Age Youth improves job interview skills, job interview self-efficacy, job interview anxiety, and access to employment. Forty-eight autistic transition age youth received school-based pre-employment services as usual with Virtual Interview Training for Transition Age Youth, while 23 autistic transition age youth received services as usual only. Local teachers trained and supervised autistic transition age youth using Virtual Interview Training for Transition Age Youth. Participants reported Virtual Interview Training for Transition Age Youth was highly acceptable. Participants receiving services as usual and Virtual Interview Training for Transition Age Youth, compared to participants receiving services as usual only, had better job interview skills and lower job interview anxiety as well as greater access to jobs. Overall, Virtual Interview Training for Transition Age Youth appears to be effective at teaching job interview skills that are associated with accessing competitive jobs. Moreover, youth enjoyed Virtual Interview Training for Transition Age Youth and teachers feasibly implemented the tool within special education pre-employment transition services. Future research needs to better understand how autistic transition age youth from culturally diverse backgrounds and different social, behavioral, or mental health challenges may respond to Virtual Interview Training for Transition Age Youth.
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Michalski SC, Ellison C, Szpak A, Loetscher T. Vocational Training in Virtual Environments for People With Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Systematic Review. Front Psychol 2021; 12:627301. [PMID: 34305704 PMCID: PMC8292897 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.627301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
People with neurodevelopmental disorders are often considered unsuitable or incapable of working in open employment. When employment is available, tasks are often limited, and opportunities for career development are restricted. Policy and funding constraints leave people with disabilities without an opportunity to develop skills due to the additional time and costs for employers. To overcome these barriers, virtual environments have been proposed as a safe and reliable solution for training. An important prerequisite for a wider uptake of training in virtual environments are demonstrations that the training leads to improved performance in the real world. This is particularly true for people with neurodevelopmental disorders, as transferring learnings from one context to another can be challenging. A systematic review was conducted to assess whether training in virtual environments can be used to improve real-world vocational skills in people with neurodevelopmental disorders. After a systematic search in six databases, eight out of the initially identified 1,806 articles met the inclusion criteria. The findings from these eight studies demonstrate that people with neurodevelopmental disorders can transfer vocational skills from virtual environments to real-world settings. With substantial technological improvements, a surge in accessibility, and improved affordability, there is a need to build upon the promising results identified in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan C Michalski
- UniSA Justice & Society, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Caroline Ellison
- UniSA Justice & Society, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Ancret Szpak
- UniSA Justice & Society, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Tobias Loetscher
- UniSA Justice & Society, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Colombo D, Díaz-García A, Fernandez-Álvarez J, Botella C. Virtual reality for the enhancement of emotion regulation. Clin Psychol Psychother 2021; 28:519-537. [PMID: 34048621 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, a growing body of literature has focused on emotion regulation (ER), which refers to the ability to implement strategies in order to modulate emotional responses and reach desirable goals. To date, impaired ER (i.e., emotion dysregulation) has been identified as a transdiagnostic factor across a wide range of psychopathological conditions, which shows the importance of improving patients' ability to regulate negative and positive emotions in clinical practice. In addition to the increasing evidence showing its efficacy in the treatment of several clinical conditions, virtual reality (VR) has recently emerged as a potentially powerful tool for enhancing ER, thus breaking new ground in the development of cutting-edge transdiagnostic interventions. In the present narrative review, we will provide an overview of the existing evidence about VR-based interventions in the field of ER, emphasizing the promising findings and the barriers that still have to be addressed. To this aim, the available VR-based literature will be analysed in relation to four categories of ER strategies: situational strategies, attentional strategies, cognitive strategies, and response modulation strategies. Furthermore, new emerging fields of research targeting innovative aspects of ER will be highlighted, including the use of VR to promote positive emotions and interpersonal ER skills. Besides, its cost-effectiveness will be discussed, taking into account the costs for both developers (e.g., clinicians and researchers) and end-users. Finally, future directions in this promising field of research will be outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desirée Colombo
- Department of Basic Psychology, Clinic and Psychobiology, Jaume I University, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Amanda Díaz-García
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Botella
- Department of Basic Psychology, Clinic and Psychobiology, Jaume I University, Castellón de la Plana, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Riches S, Pisani S, Bird L, Rus-Calafell M, Garety P, Valmaggia L. Virtual reality-based assessment and treatment of social functioning impairments in psychosis: a systematic review. Int Rev Psychiatry 2021; 33:337-362. [PMID: 34121587 DOI: 10.1080/09540261.2021.1918648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
People with psychosis can experience social functioning impairments. Virtual reality (VR) has been used to assess and treat these difficulties. This systematic review (Prospero CRD42015026288) provides an evaluation of these VR applications. PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were searched until May 2020. The Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) Quality Assessment Tool was used to assess studies. Database searching identified 3810 titles. Fifty-eight studies (published 2005-2020; N = 2,853), comprising twenty-six head-mounted display studies (20 assessment, 6 treatment) and thirty-two immersive 2D screen studies (23 assessment, 9 treatment), were included. There were forty-eight observational studies and ten randomised controlled trials, with 1570 participants (of which, 185 were at ultra-high risk of psychosis) in VR test groups. Nearly half the studies were published since 2016. Assessments targeted cognitive and behavioural indicators of social functioning, e.g. paranoia, eye gaze, or interpersonal distance. Treatments promoted cognitive-behavioural social skills or job interview training. Studies indicate feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of VR for social functioning impairments in psychosis. Limitations of studies include the narrow scope of social functioning, small sample sizes, and limited randomised controlled trials and standardised interventions. Findings suggest VR has potential to be integrated with existing psychological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Riches
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Beckenham, UK
| | - Sara Pisani
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Beckenham, UK.,Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Leanne Bird
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Mar Rus-Calafell
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Philippa Garety
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Beckenham, UK
| | - Lucia Valmaggia
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Bethlem Royal Hospital, Beckenham, UK
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Üstel P, Smith MJ, Blajeski S, Johnson JM, Butler VG, Nicolia-Adkins J, Ortquist MJ, Razzano LA, Lapidos A. Acceptability and Feasibility of Peer Specialist-Delivered Virtual Reality Job Interview Training for Individuals with Serious Mental Illness: A Qualitative Study. JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY IN HUMAN SERVICES 2021; 39:219-231. [PMID: 37139353 PMCID: PMC10153604 DOI: 10.1080/15228835.2021.1915924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This study explored peer specialists' perspectives on delivering vocational interventions, especially Virtual Reality Job Interview Training (VR-JIT). Five focus groups of peer specialists (N = 34) explored their beliefs about vocational services, including VR-JIT. We trained eight peer specialists to be VR-JIT "instructors" and interviewed them about using VR-JIT in their mental health practice. Generally, participants discussed tailoring their vocational services to include sharing their story of recovery. Specifically, participants perceived VR-JIT as acceptable and feasibly implemented within their practice. Overall, participants viewed VR-JIT as a higher level of service and they would be uniquely qualified to support consumers using the tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pınar Üstel
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Matthew J. Smith
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Shannon Blajeski
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | | | | | | | - Lisa A. Razzano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Thresholds, Inc, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Adrienne Lapidos
- Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Abidin MZRZ, Yunus FW, Rasdi HFM, Kadar M. Employment programmes for schizophrenia and other severe mental illness in psychosocial rehabilitation: a systematic review. Br J Occup Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/0308022620980683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Employment programmes for people with mental illness vary widely in range, but nonetheless all share the same objectives of restoring or initiating vocational roles to promote recovery in psychosocial rehabilitation. The current interventions available usually focus on the specific vocational outcomes of the intervention rather than focusing holistically on the client’s needs. Method This review aimed to examine the effectiveness of intervention programmes and determine the best intervention for schizophrenia and other severe mental illness, considering both vocational and non-vocational outcomes. Searching five databases – CINAHL, Medline via Ovid, Scopus, OT Seeker and Web of Science – a total of 3108 studies was identified; 24 met the selection criteria and were reviewed. Interventions were categorised into five major programmes of supported employment, integrated supported employment, vocational rehabilitation, cognitive intervention and virtual reality-based vocational training. Results Integrated supported employment was found to be the most effective approach for a vocational outcome. However, evidence concerning non-vocational outcomes of employment programmes and the use of cognitive training remains unclear. Conclusion Clinicians are advised to consider the needs and preferences of the client before selecting the best intervention programme. More research is needed to determine the applicability and the efficacy of intervention programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zairul Rezal Zainol Abidin
- Centre for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Occupational Therapy Programme, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Occupational Therapy Department, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Farahiyah Wan Yunus
- Centre for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Occupational Therapy Programme, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hanif Farhan Mohd Rasdi
- Centre for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Occupational Therapy Programme, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Masne Kadar
- Centre for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Occupational Therapy Programme, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Pavlidou A, Walther S. Using Virtual Reality as a Tool in the Rehabilitation of Movement Abnormalities in Schizophrenia. Front Psychol 2021; 11:607312. [PMID: 33488466 PMCID: PMC7817610 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.607312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Movement abnormalities are prevalent across all stages of schizophrenia contributing to poor social functioning and reduced quality of life. To date, treatments are scarce, often involving pharmacological agents, but none have been shown to improve movement abnormalities effectively. Virtual reality (VR) is a tool used to simulate virtual environments where behavioral performance can be quantified safely across different tasks while exerting control over stimulus delivery, feedback and measurement in real time. Sensory information is transmitted via a head mounted display allowing users to directly interact with virtual objects and bodies using gestures and body movements in the real world to perform different actions, permitting a sense of immersion in the simulated virtual environment. Although, VR has been widely used for successful motor rehabilitation in a variety of different neurological domains, none have been exploited for motor rehabilitation in schizophrenia. The objectives of this article are to review movement abnormalities specific to schizophrenia, and how VR can be utilized to restore and improve motor functioning in patients with schizophrenia. Constructing VR-mediated motor-cognitive interventions that can help in retaining and transferring the learned outcomes to real life are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Pavlidou
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, Bern, Switzerland
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Jerath R, Beveridge C. Harnessing the Spatial Foundation of Mind in Breaking Vicious Cycles in Anxiety, Insomnia, and Depression: The Future of Virtual Reality Therapy Applications. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:645289. [PMID: 34305666 PMCID: PMC8295564 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.645289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mental Illnesses, particularly anxiety, insomnia, and depression often involve vicious cycles which are self-perpetuating and can trap one into a more chronic state. For example in the case of insomnia, sympathetic overactivity, intrusive thoughts, and emotional instability due to sleep loss can perpetuate further sleep loss the next night and so on. In this article, we put forward a perspective on breaking these vicious cycles based on preeminent theories in global and spatial cognition, that the foundation of the conscious mind is a spatial coordinate system. Based on this we discuss the potential and future of virtual reality therapeutic applications which utilize massive virtual spaces along with biofeedback designed to help break perpetual cycles in depression, anxiety, and insomnia. "Massive spaces" are those which are truly expansive such as when looking to the clear night sky. These virtual realities may take the form of a night sky, fantastical cosmic scenes, or other scenes such as mountain tops. We also hope to inspire research into such a spatial foundation of mind, use of perceived massive spaces for therapy, and the integration of biofeedback into virtual therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Jerath
- Charitable Medical Healthcare Foundation, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Connor Beveridge
- Charitable Medical Healthcare Foundation, Augusta, GA, United States
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Smith MJ, Graham AK, Sax R, Spencer ES, Razzano L, Smith JD, Jordan N. Costs of preparing to implement a virtual reality job interview training programme in a community mental health agency: A budget impact analysis. J Eval Clin Pract 2020; 26:1188-1195. [PMID: 31631470 PMCID: PMC7167372 DOI: 10.1111/jep.13292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
RATIONAL, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES Individual Placement and Support (IPS) is an evidence based strategy for facilitating employment among adults with severe mental illness (SMI) where staff may lead mock job interviews to prepare clients for real-world interviews (a method with limited scalability and cost effectiveness). A virtual reality job interview training program (VR-JIT)-delivered via the internet-has demonstrated efficacy for increasing employment among adults with SMI. Now, VR-JIT is being implemented with a community mental health agency (CMHA) and evaluated for its effectiveness within IPS. This study is a budget impact analysis, evaluating the costs of preparing a CMHA to implement VR-JIT. METHOD Implementation preparation occurred over 7 months from October 1, 2016 to April 30, 2017. CMHA staff (n = 15) and external research partners (n = 3) tracked their hours completing implementation preparation activities. Salaries plus a 28% fringe benefit rate were used to derive a per-hour salary amount for each individual and applied to each activity. Non-labor equipment costs were obtained from purchase receipts. A budget impact analysis evaluated the expenditures associated with preparing the CMHA to implement VRJIT. RESULTS The total implementation preparation costs equaled $25,482. Labor costs equaled $22,882 and non-labor costs equaled $2,600. In total, 655 person-hours were spent preparing for VR-JIT implementation (e.g., preparing lab space, training, and supervising operations). CONCLUSIONS This study presents an initial evaluation of the budget impact of preparing to implement VR-JIT in a CMHA. Cost considerations for future implementation preparation will be discussed. Given that the cost to prepare to implement an intervention can hinder its adoption, results provide an important analysis for decision-makers that may enhance uptake. Future work will determine the cost-effectiveness of VR-JIT implemented within IPS. This study is registered at http://clinicaltrials.gov, NCT = 03049813, "Virtual Reality Job Interview Training: An Enhancement to Supported Employment in Severe Mental Illness."
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Smith
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Andrea K. Graham
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Rachel Sax
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Lisa Razzano
- Thresholds Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Justin D. Smith
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Neil Jordan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Hines VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois, USA
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Smith MJ, Mitchell JA, Blajeski S, Parham B, Harrington MM, Ross B, Sinco B, Brydon DM, Johnson JE, Cuddeback GS, Smith JD, Jordan N, Bell MD, McGeorge R, Kaminski K, Suganuma A, Kubiak SP. Enhancing vocational training in corrections: A type 1 hybrid randomized controlled trial protocol for evaluating virtual reality job interview training among returning citizens preparing for community re-entry. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2020; 19:100604. [PMID: 32671283 PMCID: PMC7339026 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2020.100604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Michigan Department of Corrections operates the Vocational Villages, which are skilled trades training programs set within prisons that include an immersive educational community using virtual reality, robotics, and other technologies to develop employable trades. An enhancement to the Vocational Villages could be an evidence-based job interview training component. Recently, we conducted a series of randomized controlled trials funded by the National Institute of Mental Health to evaluate the efficacy of virtual reality job interview training (VR-JIT). The results suggested that the use of VR-JIT was associated with improved job interview skills and a greater likelihood of receiving job offers within 6 months. The primary goal of this study is to report on the protocol we developed to evaluate the effectiveness of VR-JIT at improving interview skills, increasing job offers, and reducing recidivism when delivered within two Vocational Villages via a randomized controlled trial and process evaluation. Our aims are to: (1) evaluate whether services-as-usual in combination with VR-JIT, compared to services-as-usual alone, enhances employment outcomes and reduces recidivism among returning citizens enrolled in the Vocational Villages; (2) evaluate mechanisms of employment outcomes and explore mechanisms of recidivism; and (3) conduct a multilevel, mixed-method process evaluation of VR-JIT implementation to assess the adoptability, acceptability, scalability, feasibility, and implementation costs of VR-JIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Smith
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Corresponding author. School of Social Work, University of Michigan, 1080 South University Avenue, Room 3796, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-1106.
| | | | - Shannon Blajeski
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Brittani Parham
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Michigan Department of Psychology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Brittany Ross
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Brandy Sinco
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Daphne M. Brydon
- University of Michigan School of Social Work, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- University of Denver Graduate School of Social Work, Denver, CO, USA
| | | | - Gary S. Cuddeback
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Social Work, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Justin D. Smith
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Neil Jordan
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Chicago, IL, USA
- Hines VA Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, USA
| | - Morris D. Bell
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, West Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Kyle Kaminski
- Michigan Department of Corrections, Lansing, MI, USA
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Gainsford K, Fitzgibbon B, Fitzgerald PB, Hoy KE. Transforming treatments for schizophrenia: Virtual reality, brain stimulation and social cognition. Psychiatry Res 2020; 288:112974. [PMID: 32353694 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is characterised by delusions, hallucinations, anhedonia and apathy; while impairments in social cognition are often less recognised. Poor social cognition can lead to difficulties in obtaining and maintaining employment, academic progression, interpersonal relationships, and community functioning. Current interventions are highly intensive, require significant resources and have only modest effects on functional outcomes. Virtual reality (VR) and non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) may have a role in addressing these limitations. VR allows treatments that are potentially more accessible, less delivery intensive, and have higher ecological validity. While NIBS is able to directly modulate activity in social brain areas in order to promote neuroplasticity, strengthen neural connections and enhance brain function related to social cognitive behaviours. Therefore, the combination of VR and NIBS may allow for more efficient and transferrable interventions than those currently available. This review will explore the potential role of these technologies in the treatment of social cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten Gainsford
- Epworth Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, Epworth HealthCare and Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia..
| | - Bernadette Fitzgibbon
- Epworth Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, Epworth HealthCare and Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia..
| | - Paul B Fitzgerald
- Epworth Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, Epworth HealthCare and Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia..
| | - Kate E Hoy
- Epworth Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, Epworth HealthCare and Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia..
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Smith MJ, Pinto RM, Dawalt L, Smith J, Sherwood K, Miles R, Taylor J, Hume K, Dawkins T, Baker-Ericzén M, Frazier T, Humm L, Steacy C. Using community-engaged methods to adapt virtual reality job-interview training for transition-age youth on the autism spectrum. RESEARCH IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS 2020; 71:101498. [PMID: 34667480 PMCID: PMC8523027 DOI: 10.1016/j.rasd.2019.101498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Virtual Reality Job-Interview Training (VR-JIT) is an efficacious Internet-based intervention for adults with severe mental illness (SMI). Evaluations of VR-JIT have shown improved interview skill and access to employment in several cohorts of adults with SMI and with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). VR-JIT trains participants how to fill out job applications and handle job interviews through e-learning content and applied practice. Trainees receive feedback through in-the-moment nonverbal cues, critiques, and recommendations for improving performance. Our study sought to adapt VR-JIT for transition-age youth with ASD (TAY-ASD). METHODS We recruited TAY-ASD and adult stakeholders from public and charter schools, transition programs, and community service providers. Participants provided feedback on VR-JIT to enhance its applicability to TAY-ASD. We used community-engaged methods to process and analyze data from TAY-ASD and stakeholders, presented their quantitative and qualitative responses to community and scientific advisory boards for review and recommendations, and adapted the intervention design and content. RESULTS Our adaptations included adding diversity (gender; race/ethnicity) to the virtual hiring manager; shortening the interview by reducing response options; increasing social storytelling to enhance engagement with VR-JIT core components; adding employment opportunities more relevant to younger workers; reducing the reading level; and making the e-learning content more accessible by adding bullet points, voiceover, and imagery/video; and adding new learning goals. CONCLUSIONS This study presents a rigorous and innovative community-engaged methodology for adapting VR-JIT to meet the needs of TAY-ASD. We review our engagement with TAY-ASD and stakeholders, and discuss the standardized coding scheme we used to adapt VR-JIT and the usefulness and limitations of employing this methodology in adapting other behavioral interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Smith
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Rogério M. Pinto
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Leann Dawalt
- School of Social Work, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - J.D. Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Center for Prevention Implementation Methodology (Ce-PIM) for Drug Abuse and HIV, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kari Sherwood
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Rashun Miles
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Julie Taylor
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medicine Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kara Hume
- School of Education, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Tamara Dawkins
- TEACCH Autism Program, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mary Baker-Ericzén
- Child and Adolescent Services Research Center, Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
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Hays R, Henson P, Wisniewski H, Hendel V, Vaidyam A, Torous J. Assessing Cognition Outside of the Clinic: Smartphones and Sensors for Cognitive Assessment Across Diverse Psychiatric Disorders. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2019; 42:611-625. [PMID: 31672211 PMCID: PMC7299150 DOI: 10.1016/j.psc.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, the assessment of cognition and the administration of cognitive therapies has been performed in the clinic, but with modern technology, this clinic-centric view is changing. This article explores the landscape of digital devices used to measure cognition in settings outside the clinic. These devices range in mobility from user-friendly mobile devices to setting-specific devices able to provide powerful, robust cognitive therapy and living assistance in the comfort of a patient's home. Although these methods remain in early stages of developmental, initial studies suggest they may prove useful in treating patients with serious mental illnesses in a widespread clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - John Torous
- Division of Digital Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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Tuerk PW, Schaeffer CM, McGuire JF, Adams Larsen M, Capobianco N, Piacentini J. Adapting Evidence-Based Treatments for Digital Technologies: a Critical Review of Functions, Tools, and the Use of Branded Solutions. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2019; 21:106. [PMID: 31584124 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-019-1092-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We provide a critical review of digital technologies in evidence-based treatments (EBTs) for mental health with a focus on the functions technologies are intended to serve. The review highlights issues related to clarity of purpose, usability, and assumptions related to EBT technology integration, branding, and packaging. RECENT FINDINGS Developers continue to use technology in creative ways, often combining multiple functions to convey existing EBTs or to create new technology-enabled EBTs. Developers have a strong preference for creating and investigating whole-source, branded solutions related to specific EBTs, in comparison to developing or investigating technology tools related to specific components of behavior change, or developing specific clinical protocols that can be delivered via existing technologies. Default assumptions that new applications are required for each individual EBT, that EBTs are best served by the use of only one technology solution rather than multiple tools, and that an EBT-specific technology product should include or convey all portions of an EBT slow scientific progress and increase risk of usability issues that negatively impact uptake. We contend that a purposeful, functions-based approach should guide the selection, development, and application of technology in support of EBT delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter W Tuerk
- Sheila C. Johnson Center for Clinical Services, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Department of Human Services, University of Virginia, 417 Emmet St. South, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA.
| | - Cindy M Schaeffer
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Maryland-Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Joseph F McGuire
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Nicole Capobianco
- Department of Human Services, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - John Piacentini
- UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Ben-Zeev D, Buck B, Kopelovich S, Meller S. A technology-assisted life of recovery from psychosis. NPJ SCHIZOPHRENIA 2019; 5:15. [PMID: 31534139 PMCID: PMC6751211 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-019-0083-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Developments in digital health technologies have the potential to expedite and strengthen the path towards recovery for people with psychosis. This perspective piece provides a snapshot of how a range of digital technologies can be deployed to support a young adult’s efforts to cope with schizophrenia-spectrum illness. In conjunction with a day in the life of this individual, we provide examples of innovations in digital health research designed for this clinical population, as well as brief summaries of the evidence supporting the usability, feasibility, or effectiveness of each approach. From early detection to ongoing symptom management and vocational rehabilitation, this day-in-the-life vignette provides an overview of the ways in which digital health innovations could be used in concert to augment, scaffold, and enhance schizophrenia-spectrum illness management and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dror Ben-Zeev
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Benjamin Buck
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sarah Kopelovich
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Suzanne Meller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
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Assessing the emotional impact of virtual reality-based teacher training. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION AND LEARNING TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1108/ijilt-11-2018-0127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose the use of a virtual reality (VR)-based approach to improve teacher education and life-long professional development. Through constant training in real-life based situations but within a safe three-dimensional virtual school environment, teachers are given the opportunity to experience and learn how to react to different types of incidents that may take place in a school environment.
Design/methodology/approach
The current paper presents the design cycle that was followed for the implementation of the VR teacher training system. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated with a case study that aimed to promote teachers’ understanding of student’s problematic situations related to substance use. As part of the experimental investigation, the impact of the VR system on participants’ emotions and mood states is evaluated through Electroencephalogram (EEG) measurements, heart rate (HR) recordings and self-reported data.
Findings
Results indicate significant changes to participant’s negative emotional and mood states, suggesting that the scenario and the VR experience had a strong impact on them. Moreover, participants’ HR was increased during the experiment, while the analysis of the EEG signal indicated that the participants experienced a stressful situation that could justify the change in their negative emotions and mood states.
Originality/value
The proposed VR-based approach aims to provide an innovative framework to teacher education and the related training methodology. In the long-term, the proposed VR system aims to form a new paradigm of teacher training, an alternative safe method that will allow user-teachers to learn through trial and error techniques that reflect real-life situations within a three-dimensional school space and without the risk of harming real students. To the best of our knowledge this is one of the first systematic attempts to use a VR-based methodology to address real teachers’ needs. The development of the VR application is linked to both strong theoretical foundations in education derived from the literature but also from real teachers’ problems and requirements derived from an extensive literature analysis, survey and interviews with experts including teachers, school counselors and psychologists. The VR tool addresses specific teachers’ competences as outcome, after an extensive documentation of existing Teachers’ Competence Models and significant guidance by experts who pointed specific competencies of primary importance to teachers.
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Smith MJ, Smith JD, Fleming MF, Jordan N, Oulvey EA, Bell MD, Mueser KT, McGurk SR, Spencer ES, Mailey K, Razzano LA. Enhancing individual placement and support (IPS) - Supported employment: A Type 1 hybrid design randomized controlled trial to evaluate virtual reality job interview training among adults with severe mental illness. Contemp Clin Trials 2019; 77:86-97. [PMID: 30576841 PMCID: PMC6396298 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Individual Placement and Support (IPS) is the evidence-based model of supported employment that increases employment rates in adults with severe mental illness (SMI). Although IPS is largely successful, over 80% of adults with SMI remain unemployed. An enhancement to high fidelity IPS could be an evidence-based job interview training component. To meet this training need, our group recently completed a series of randomized controlled efficacy trials funded by the National Institute of Mental Health to develop and test virtual reality job interview training (VR-JIT) in a lab setting. The results demonstrated that the intervention was efficacious at helping trainees improve their job interview skills and receive job offers within six months of completing VR-JIT compared to non-trainees. The overarching goal of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of VR-JIT as an enhancement to IPS when delivered in a large community-based mental health service provider via a randomized controlled trial and initial process evaluation. Our aims are to: evaluate whether IPS services-as-usual in combination with VR-JIT, compared to IPS services-as-usual alone, enhances IPS outcomes for adults with SMI; evaluate mechanisms of employment outcomes and psychological distress; and conduct a multilevel, multidisciplinary, and mixed-method process evaluation of VR-JIT adoption and implementation to assess the acceptability, scalability, generalizability, and affordability of VR-JIT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Justin D Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, USA; Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, USA
| | - Michael F Fleming
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, USA
| | - Neil Jordan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, USA
| | - Eugene A Oulvey
- Illinois Department of Human Services, Division of Rehabilitation Services, USA
| | - Morris D Bell
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Lisa A Razzano
- Thresholds Inc, USA; Chicago Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois, USA
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Riches S, Garety P, Rus-Calafell M, Stahl D, Evans C, Sarras N, Yeboah K, Valmaggia L. Using Virtual Reality to Assess Associations Between Paranoid Ideation and Components of Social Performance: A Pilot Validation Study. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2019; 22:51-59. [DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2017.0656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Riches
- Department of Psychology (PO78), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Philippa Garety
- Department of Psychology (PO78), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mar Rus-Calafell
- Department of Psychology (PO78), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Stahl
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Clare Evans
- Department of Psychology (PO78), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nikolaos Sarras
- Department of Psychology (PO78), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Keren Yeboah
- Department of Psychology (PO78), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lucia Valmaggia
- Department of Psychology (PO78), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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43
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Park MJ, Kim DJ, Lee U, Na EJ, Jeon HJ. A Literature Overview of Virtual Reality (VR) in Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders: Recent Advances and Limitations. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:505. [PMID: 31379623 PMCID: PMC6659125 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we conduct a literature survey on various virtual reality (VR) treatments in psychiatry. We collected 36 studies that used VR to provide clinical trials or therapies for patients with psychiatric disorders. In order to gain a better understanding of the management of pain and stress, we first investigate VR applications for patients to alleviate pain and stress during immersive activities in a virtual environment. VR exposure therapies are particularly effective for anxiety, provoking realistic reactions to feared stimuli. On top of that, exposure therapies with simulated images are beneficial for patients with psychiatric disorders such as phobia and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Moreover, VR environments have shown the possibility of changing depression, cognition, even social functions. We review empirical evidence from VR-based treatments on psychiatric illnesses such as dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), schizophrenia and autism. Through cognitive training and social skill training, rehabilitation through VR therapies helps patients to improve their quality of life. Recent advances in VR technology also demonstrate potential abilities to address cognitive and functional impairments in dementia. In terms of the different types of VR systems, we discuss the feasibility of the technology within different stages of dementia as well as the methodological limitations. Although there is room for improvement, its widespread adoption in psychiatry is yet to occur due to technical drawbacks such as motion sickness and dry eyes, as well as user issues such as preoccupation and addiction. However, it is worth mentioning that VR systems relatively easily deliver virtual environments with well-controlled sensory stimuli. In the future, VR systems may become an innovative clinical tool for patients with specific psychiatric symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Jin Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Jun Kim
- Department of Health Sciences & Technology, Department of Medical Device Management & Research, and Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Unjoo Lee
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Hallym University, Kangwon, South Korea
| | - Eun Jin Na
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hong Jin Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Health Sciences & Technology, Department of Medical Device Management & Research, and Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
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44
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Horan WP, Green MF. Treatment of social cognition in schizophrenia: Current status and future directions. Schizophr Res 2019; 203:3-11. [PMID: 28712968 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Efforts to develop psychosocial interventions that specifically target social cognition in schizophrenia spectrum disorders began nearly two decades ago. The field has matured considerably since then and has engendered a great deal of optimism about this treatment approach. Indeed, the efficacy of social cognitive interventions, especially those that address multiple domains of social cognition, has received substantial support. This article critically evaluates the current evidence for social cognitive interventions, identifies limitations and open questions, and suggests priorities and directions for further research. Limitations of available studies include a frequent lack of methodological rigor, suboptimal selection of endpoints, and sparse evidence for generalization to functional improvements. We highlight several emerging psychosocial and non-psychosocial approaches that may enhance the efficacy of social cognitive interventions and promote generalization to improvements in real world functioning. We conclude that cautious optimism is warranted as the field moves forward into the next wave of social cognitive treatment studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- William P Horan
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, United States; University of California, Los Angeles, United States.
| | - Michael F Green
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, United States; University of California, Los Angeles, United States
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Raffard S, Salesse RN, Bortolon C, Bardy BG, Henriques J, Marin L, Stricker D, Capdevielle D. Using mimicry of body movements by a virtual agent to increase synchronization behavior and rapport in individuals with schizophrenia. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17356. [PMID: 30478284 PMCID: PMC6255843 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35813-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Synchronization of behavior such as gestures or postures is assumed to serve crucial functions in social interaction but has been poorly studied to date in schizophrenia. Using a virtual collaborative environment (VCS), we tested 1) whether synchronization of behavior, i.e., the spontaneous initiation of gestures that are congruent with those of an interaction partner, was impaired in individuals with schizophrenia compared with healthy participants; 2) whether mimicry of the patients' body movements by the virtual interaction partner was associated with increased behavioral synchronization and rapport. 19 patients and 19 matched controls interacted with a virtual agent who either mimicked their head and torso movements with a delay varying randomly between 0.5 s and 4 s or did not mimic, and rated feelings of rapport toward the virtual agent after each condition. Both groups exhibited a higher and similar synchronization behavior of the virtual agent forearm movements when they were in the Mimicry condition rather than in the No-mimicry condition. In addition, both groups felt more comfortable with a mimicking virtual agent rather than a virtual agent not mimicking them suggesting that mimicry is able to increase rapport in individuals with schizophrenia. Our results suggest that schizophrenia cannot be considered anymore as a disorder of imitation, particularly as regards behavioral synchronization processes in social interaction contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Raffard
- University Department of Adult Psychiatry, Hôpital de la Colombière, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France. .,Epsylon Laboratory EA 4556, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| | - Robin N Salesse
- University Department of Adult Psychiatry, Hôpital de la Colombière, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France. .,EuroMov, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| | - Catherine Bortolon
- University Department of Adult Psychiatry, Hôpital de la Colombière, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Epsylon Laboratory EA 4556, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Benoit G Bardy
- EuroMov, Univ. Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - José Henriques
- German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI GmbH), University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Allemagne, Germany
| | | | - Didier Stricker
- German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI GmbH), University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Allemagne, Germany
| | - Delphine Capdevielle
- University Department of Adult Psychiatry, Hôpital de la Colombière, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM U-1061, Montpellier, France
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Noyes S, Sokolow H, Arbesman M. Evidence for Occupational Therapy Intervention With Employment and Education for Adults With Serious Mental Illness: A Systematic Review. Am J Occup Ther 2018; 72:7205190010p1-7205190010p10. [PMID: 30157005 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2018.033068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many of the estimated 9.8 million American adults with serious mental illness (SMI) want to engage in employment and education, yet the majority report a need for more skills training. This review presents evidence for the effectiveness of interventions that occupational therapy practitioners can provide to help people with SMI improve and maintain performance and participation in employment and education. METHOD Citations, abstracts, and full-text articles in databases including MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, OTseeker, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were reviewed for inclusion and analysis. RESULTS Fifty-seven articles met criteria for inclusion. For employment, strong evidence was found for the Individual Placement and Support (IPS) model and cognitive interventions. For education, moderate evidence was found for supported education interventions. CONCLUSION This systematic review supports the role of occupational therapy practitioners in promoting the implementation of IPS, cognitive-based, and social skills programs to improve vocational and educational outcomes for adults with SMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Noyes
- Susan Noyes, PhD, OTR/L, is Assistant Professor, Occupational Therapy Program, University of Southern Maine, Lewiston;
| | - Helena Sokolow
- Helena Sokolow, MOT, OTR, is Adjunct Instructor, Occupational Therapy Program, University of Southern Maine, Lewiston
| | - Marian Arbesman
- Marian Arbesman, PhD, OTR/L, FAOTA, is Adjunct Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Research and Leadership, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, and President, ArbesIdeas, Inc., Williamsville, NY
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Clus D, Larsen ME, Lemey C, Berrouiguet S. The Use of Virtual Reality in Patients with Eating Disorders: Systematic Review. J Med Internet Res 2018; 20:e157. [PMID: 29703715 PMCID: PMC5948410 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.7898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with eating disorders are characterized by pathological eating habits and a tendency to overestimate their weight and body shape. Virtual reality shows promise for the evaluation and management of patients with eating disorders. This technology, when accepted by this population, allows immersion in virtual environments, assessment, and therapeutic approaches, by exposing users to high-calorie foods or changes in body shape. Objective To better understand the value of virtual reality, we conducted a review of the literature, including clinical studies proposing the use of virtual reality for the evaluation and management of patients with eating disorders. Methods We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, ScienceDirect, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science up to April 2017. We created the list of keywords based on two domains: virtual reality and eating disorders. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses to identify, select, and critically appraise relevant research while minimizing bias. Results The initial database searches identified 311 articles, 149 of which we removed as duplicates. We analyzed the resulting set of 26 unique studies that met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 8 studies were randomized controlled trials, 13 were nonrandomized studies, and 5 were clinical trials with only 1 participant. Most articles focused on clinical populations (19/26, 73%), with the remainder reporting case-control studies (7/26, 27%). Most of the studies used visual immersive equipment (16/26, 62%) with a head-mounted display (15/16, 94%). Two main areas of interest emerged from these studies: virtual work on patients’ body image (7/26, 27%) and exposure to virtual food stimuli (10/26, 38%). Conclusions We conducted a broad analysis of studies on the use of virtual reality in patients with eating disorders. This review of the literature showed that virtual reality is an acceptable and promising therapeutic tool for patients with eating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Clus
- Department of Mental Health, University Hospital of Brest, Brest, France
| | - Mark Erik Larsen
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Christophe Lemey
- Department of Mental Health, University Hospital of Brest, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
| | - Sofian Berrouiguet
- UMR CNRS 6285 Lab-STICC, Institut Mines Télécom Atlantique, Université Bretagne Loire F-29238 Brest, Brest, France.,EA 7479 Soins Primaires, Santé Publique et Registre des cancers de Bretagne Occidentale, Department of Mental Health, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France
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Brun G, Verdoux H, Couhet G, Quiles C. [Computer-assisted therapy and video games in psychosocial rehabilitation for schizophrenia patients]. Encephale 2018; 44:363-371. [PMID: 29501256 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Video games and virtual reality have recently become used by clinicians for training or information media or as therapeutic tools. The purpose is to review the use of these technologies for therapy destined for schizophrenia patients. METHODS We conducted a review in October 2016 using Pubmed, Scopus and PsychInfo using the following Medical Subject Headings (MESH): "video games", "virtual reality" and "therapy, computer-assisted/methods", each associated with "schizophrenia". Papers were included in the review if: (a) they were published in an English, Spanish or French-language peer-reviewed journal, (b) the study enrolled patients with schizophrenia or schizo-affective disorder, (c) the patients used a therapeutic video game or therapeutic virtual reality device. RESULTS Eighteen publications were included. The devices studied are mainly therapeutic software developed specifically for therapeutic care. They can be classified according to their therapeutic objectives. These targets corresponded to objectives of psychosocial rehabilitation: improvement of residual symptomatology, cognitive remediation, remediation of cognition and social skills, improvement of everyday life activities, support for occupational integration. Very different devices were proposed. Some researchers analysed programs developed specifically for patients with schizophrenia, while others were interested in the impact of commercial games. Most of the studies were recent, preliminary and European. The impact of these devices was globally positive, particularly concerning cognitive functions. CONCLUSIONS Computer-assisted therapy, video games and virtual reality cannot replace usual care but could be used as adjunctive therapy. However, recommending their use seems premature because of the recent and preliminary character of most studies. Moreover, a link is still lacking between this field of research in psychiatry and other fields of research, particularly game studies. Finally, it might be interesting to analyse more precisely the neuropsychological impact of existing commercial games which could potentially be useful for psychosocial rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Brun
- Pôle universitaire de psychiatrie adulte, centre hospitalier Charles-Perrens, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Centre de réhabilitation psychosociale de la Tour-de-Gassies, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - H Verdoux
- Pôle universitaire de psychiatrie adulte, centre hospitalier Charles-Perrens, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Centre référent de réhabilitation psychosociale Nouvelle Aquitaine Sud, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Inserm U1219, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - G Couhet
- Centre de réhabilitation psychosociale de la Tour-de-Gassies, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Centre référent de réhabilitation psychosociale Nouvelle Aquitaine Sud, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - C Quiles
- Pôle universitaire de psychiatrie adulte, centre hospitalier Charles-Perrens, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Centre référent de réhabilitation psychosociale Nouvelle Aquitaine Sud, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
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Rus-Calafell M, Garety P, Sason E, Craig TJK, Valmaggia LR. Virtual reality in the assessment and treatment of psychosis: a systematic review of its utility, acceptability and effectiveness. Psychol Med 2018; 48:362-391. [PMID: 28735593 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291717001945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, there has been a rapid increase of studies testing the efficacy and acceptability of virtual reality in the assessment and treatment of mental health problems. This systematic review was carried out to investigate the use of virtual reality in the assessment and the treatment of psychosis. Web of Science, PsychInfo, EMBASE, Scopus, ProQuest and PubMed databases were searched, resulting in the identification of 638 articles potentially eligible for inclusion; of these, 50 studies were included in the review. The main fields of research in virtual reality and psychosis are: safety and acceptability of the technology; neurocognitive evaluation; functional capacity and performance evaluation; assessment of paranoid ideation and auditory hallucinations; and interventions. The studies reviewed indicate that virtual reality offers a valuable method of assessing the presence of symptoms in ecologically valid environments, with the potential to facilitate learning new emotional and behavioural responses. Virtual reality is a promising method to be used in the assessment of neurocognitive deficits and the study of relevant clinical symptoms. Furthermore, preliminary findings suggest that it can be applied to the delivery of cognitive rehabilitation, social skills training interventions and virtual reality-assisted therapies for psychosis. The potential benefits for enhancing treatment are highlighted. Recommendations for future research include demonstrating generalisability to real-life settings, examining potential negative effects, larger sample sizes and long-term follow-up studies. The present review has been registered in the PROSPERO register: CDR 4201507776.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rus-Calafell
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience,London,UK
| | - P Garety
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience,London,UK
| | - E Sason
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience,London,UK
| | - T J K Craig
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience,London,UK
| | - L R Valmaggia
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience,London,UK
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50
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Reducing the Schizophrenia Stigma: A New Approach Based on Augmented Reality. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2017; 2017:2721846. [PMID: 29317860 PMCID: PMC5727661 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2721846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disease that usually manifests psychotic symptoms and affects an individual's functionality. The stigma related to this disease is a serious obstacle for an adequate approach to its treatment. Stigma can, for example, delay the start of treatment, and it creates difficulties in interpersonal and professional relationships. This work proposes a new tool based on augmented reality to reduce the stigma related to schizophrenia. The tool is capable of simulating the psychotic symptoms typical of schizophrenia and simulates sense perception changes in order to create an immersive experience capable of generating pathological experiences of a patient with schizophrenia. The integration into the proposed environment occurs through immersion glasses and an embedded camera. Audio and visual effects can also be applied in real time. To validate the proposed environment, medical students experienced the virtual environment and then answered three questionnaires to assess (i) stigmas related to schizophrenia, (ii) the efficiency and effectiveness of the tool, and, finally (iii) stigma after simulation. The analysis of the questionnaires showed that the proposed model is a robust tool and quite realistic and, thus, very promising in reducing stigma associated with schizophrenia by instilling in the observer a greater comprehension of any person during an schizophrenic outbreak, whether a patient or a family member.
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