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Godjo A, Donald DM, Ansaldi L, Darwish IAA, Byrne JL, Kakouli-Duarte T. Effects of hexavalent chromium on the biology of Steinernema feltiae: evaluating sublethal endpoints for ecotoxicity testing. PLoS One 2025; 20:e0320329. [PMID: 40168372 PMCID: PMC11960951 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0320329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2025] [Indexed: 04/03/2025] Open
Abstract
Essential information about the effects of a pollutant on an ecosystem can be obtained by observing how it influences a bioindicator organism. Hexavalent chromium (Cr VI+) naturally occurs in Irish agricultural soils at levels of up to 250 mg/kg, which raises concerns about potential negative impacts on human health and the surrounding areas. This research aimed to assess the sublethal effect concentrations (up to 300 ppm) of Cr VI + on the entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) Steinernema feltiae focusing on endpoints such as nematode movement and host finding ability in contaminated sand and pathogenicity, percentage penetration, sex ratio and reproduction in Galleria mellonella. To achieve that, an Irish isolate of S. feltiae [strain SB 12 (1)], was used in all experiments. The attraction of nematodes to the insect host was tested using PVC tubes of various lengths, containing sand with various concentrations of Cr VI + (50-300 ppm in increments of 50). The replication was tenfold and the insect mortality was recorded at the end of the experiment. Results showed that there was a significant effect of Cr VI + on the pathogenicity, movement and host finding ability of the nematodes in contaminated sand, and on the percentage of penetration in an insect host. However, no significant effects among the studied Cr VI + concentrations were observed in S. feltiae reproduction in G. mellonella. Similarly, the presence of the toxicant (at low concentration of 12ppm) did not affect the growth of the nematode symbiotic bacteria in liquid and solid media (TSA and NBTA). Reproduction, unlike the other sublethal parameters tested, appeared not to be an optimal endpoint for assessing soil Cr VI + risk contamination. Overall, this study confirms the excellent potential of S. feltiae to be used as a suitable sentinel organism in assessing the risk of Cr VI + soil contamination especially in the contexts of agriculture and soil health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anique Godjo
- Department of Applied Science, Molecular Ecology and Nematode Research Group, enviroCORE, South East Technological University, Carlow, Ireland
| | - Darren Mc Donald
- Department of Applied Science, Molecular Ecology and Nematode Research Group, enviroCORE, South East Technological University, Carlow, Ireland
| | - Lucile Ansaldi
- Department of Applied Science, Molecular Ecology and Nematode Research Group, enviroCORE, South East Technological University, Carlow, Ireland
| | - Islam A. A. Darwish
- Department of Applied Science, Molecular Ecology and Nematode Research Group, enviroCORE, South East Technological University, Carlow, Ireland
| | - John L. Byrne
- Department of Applied Science, Molecular Ecology and Nematode Research Group, enviroCORE, South East Technological University, Carlow, Ireland
| | - Thomais Kakouli-Duarte
- Department of Applied Science, Molecular Ecology and Nematode Research Group, enviroCORE, South East Technological University, Carlow, Ireland
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2
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Phillips HRP, Cameron EK, Eisenhauer N, Burton VJ, Ferlian O, Jin Y, Kanabar S, Malladi S, Murphy RE, Peter A, Petrocelli I, Ristok C, Tyndall K, van der Putten W, Beaumelle L. Global changes and their environmental stressors have a significant impact on soil biodiversity-A meta-analysis. iScience 2024; 27:110540. [PMID: 39262803 PMCID: PMC11387903 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Identifying the main threats to soil biodiversity is crucial as soils harbor ∼60% of global biodiversity. Many previous meta-analyses investigating the impact of different global changes (GCs) on biodiversity have omitted soil fauna or are limited by the GCs studied. We conducted a broad-scale meta-analysis focused on soil fauna communities, analyzing 3,161 effect sizes from 624 publications studying climate change, land-use intensification, pollution, nutrient enrichment, invasive species and habitat fragmentation. Land-use intensification resulted in large reductions in soil fauna communities, especially for the larger-bodied groups. Unexpectedly, pollution caused the largest negative impact on soil biodiversity - particularly worrying due to continually increasing levels of pollution and poor mechanistic understanding of impacts relative to other GCs. Not all GCs and stressors were detrimental; organic-based nutrient enrichment often resulted in positive responses. Including soil biodiversity in large-scale analyses is vital to fully understand the impact of GCs across the different realms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen R P Phillips
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Erin K Cameron
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- Experimental Interaction Ecology Group, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Olga Ferlian
- Experimental Interaction Ecology Group, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Yiming Jin
- Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sahana Kanabar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Sandhya Malladi
- JUNIA, Health & Environment, Team Environment, Lille, France
| | - Rowan E Murphy
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Anne Peter
- Experimental Interaction Ecology Group, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Isis Petrocelli
- Experimental Interaction Ecology Group, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Ristok
- Experimental Interaction Ecology Group, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Katharine Tyndall
- Experimental Interaction Ecology Group, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wim van der Putten
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Léa Beaumelle
- CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier III, Toulouse, France
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Escudero L, Ojanguren AF, Álvarez R, García C, Pañeda J, Alberquilla F, Ordóñez A. Assessment of hydrological, geological, and biological parameters of a river basin impacted by old Hg mining in NW Spain. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:11081-11095. [PMID: 38217815 PMCID: PMC10850224 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31888-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a toxic metal that can cause adverse effects for the health of ecosystems. The Caudal River is one of the main rivers in the Asturias region (NW Spain), whose basin is highly anthropized, hosting several Hg mines, closed in the last century. Arsenic (As) is also found in the mineral paragenesis of the Hg deposits, posing a greater environmental risk. In the mining sites, remaining old facilities and tailings continue to release these elements into the environment. In this work, samples of fluvial sediments and water were taken, both in areas affected by anthropic activity and in pristine areas, in order to establish the background levels for the critical elements. The mineralogical study of the sediments, combined with EDS microanalysis, is useful to identify mineralogical traps such as Fe oxides or clays to retain the As. The As content in all sampled sediments is above the threshold effect levels (TEL), the possible effect range within which adverse effects occasionally occur, according to the Canadian Sediment Quality Guidelines for the Protection of Aquatic Life. This fact is related to a naturally high geochemical background in the basin, due to the existing mineral deposits. The PEL threshold (the probable effect range within which adverse effects frequently occur) is exceeded by more than an order of magnitude in the sediments downstream of the Hg mines. In these points, the As content in the water, exceeding 700 μg L-1 As, is also above the quality standard established in Spanish legislation. As a result, the Caudal River tributaries in the lower part of the basin do not reach a good ecological state, according to the Hydrological Planning Office, and in some cases their state is deficient, showing low richness and high dominance of macroinvertebrates. Although the concentrations decrease with distance from the source, these findings justify the low ecological quality of the affected watercourses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Escudero
- Department Exploitation and Prospecting of Mines, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Alfredo F Ojanguren
- Department Biology of Organisms and Systems, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Álvarez
- Department Exploitation and Prospecting of Mines, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Carmen García
- Department Exploitation and Prospecting of Mines, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Jose Pañeda
- Department Exploitation and Prospecting of Mines, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Fernando Alberquilla
- Department Exploitation and Prospecting of Mines, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Almudena Ordóñez
- Department Exploitation and Prospecting of Mines, University of Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
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Kour S, Khurma U, Brodie G, Singh S. Modeling the potential global distribution of suitable habitat for the biological control agent Heterorhabditis indica. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8997. [PMID: 35784025 PMCID: PMC9185735 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) Heterorhabditis indica is a promising biocontrol candidate. Despite the acknowledged importance of EPN in pest control, no extensive data sets or maps have been developed on their distribution at global level. This study is the first attempt to generate Ecological Niche Models (ENM) for H. indica and its global Habitat Suitability Map (HSM) for H. indica to generate biogeographical information and predicts its global geographical range and help identify of prospective areas for its exploration and to help identify the suitable release areas for biocontrol purpose. The aim of the modeling exercise was to access the influence of temperature and soil moisture on the biogeographical patterns of H. indica at the global level. Global Heterorhabditis indica ecosystems. CLIMEX software was used to model the distribution of H. indica and assess the influence of environmental variable on its global distribution. In total, 162 records of H. indica occurrence from 27 countries over 25 years were combined to generate the known distribution data. The model was further fine-tuned using the direct experimental observations of the H. indica's growth response to temperature and soil moisture. Model predicts that much of the tropics and subtropics have suitable climatic conditions for H. indica. It further predicts that H. indica distribution can extend into warmer temperate climates. Examination of the model output, predictions maps at a global level indicate that H. indica distribution may be limited by cold stress, heat stress, and dry stresses in different areas. However, cold stress appears to be the major limiting factor. This study highlighted an efficient way to construct HSM for EPN potentially useful in the search/release of target species in new locations. The study showed that H. indica which is known as warm adapted EPN generally found in tropics and subtropics can potentially establish itself in warmer temperate climates as well. The model can also be used to decide the release timing of EPN by adjusting with season for maximum growth. The model developed in this study clearly identified the value and potential of Habitat Suitability Map (HSM) in planning of future surveys and application of H. indica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeet Kour
- School of Agricultural, Geography, Environment Ocean and Natural ScienceThe University of the South PacificSuvaFiji Islands
| | - Uma Khurma
- School of Agricultural, Geography, Environment Ocean and Natural ScienceThe University of the South PacificSuvaFiji Islands
| | - Gilianne Brodie
- Institute of Applied SciencesThe University of the South PacificSuvaFiji Islands
| | - Sunil Singh
- School of Pacific Arts, Communication and EducationThe University of the South PacificSuvaFiji Islands
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5
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Blanco-Pérez R, Vicente-Díez I, Pou A, Pérez-Moreno I, Santiago Marco-Mancebón V, Campos-Herrera R. Organic mulching modulated native populations of entomopathogenic nematode in vineyard soils differently depending on its potential to control outgrowth of their natural enemies. J Invertebr Pathol 2022; 192:107781. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2022.107781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Do Old Mining Areas Represent an Environmental Problem and Health Risk? A Critical Discussion through a Particular Case. MINERALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/min11060594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A bibliographic review was carried out to establish the state of knowledge of a mining area with several centuries of exploitation and currently abandoned. The selected case study, the Sierra Minera de Cartagena-La Union (Spain), has a long history of mining activity, ending in 1990. The area is rich in metallic sulphide (lead, zinc and iron), with underground mines and quarries. The zone is very close to important populations and affects protected sites of special ecological value. It is also adjacent to areas dedicated to agriculture and important centres of tourist interest. It is a territory that meets the requirements to be classified as a critical area, as it is in a state of unstable physical and geochemical equilibrium, giving rise to possible risks to human health and ecosystems. A literature review was carried out according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) methodology criteria, consulting a large number of related publications. The results obtained using the Source-Pathway-Receptor model make it possible to identify the main impacts caused by the contamination sources, the main routes of contamination, as well as the transfer to the biota and the influence on adjacent agricultural soils. In this study, lead, cadmium, zinc, arsenic, copper and manganese were considered as potential toxic elements (PTEs), and data were obtained on concentrations in soil, water and air as well as in fauna and flora. Finally, once the receptors and the associated risks to the ecosystem and human health were identified, a conceptual model of the contamination was drawn up to consider a management proposal to tackle the problems associated with this area, which would also be applicable to critical mining zones.
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7
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Optimizing Sampling and Extraction Methods for Plant-Parasitic and Entomopathogenic Nematodes. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10040629. [PMID: 33810236 PMCID: PMC8066318 DOI: 10.3390/plants10040629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Plant-parasitic and entomopathogenic nematodes (PPNs and EPNs) are key groups in crop production systems. This study aims at optimizing nematode sampling and extraction methods to benefit integrated pest management (IPM) through (a) management of PPNs and (b) use of EPNs. The impacts of these methods on PPNs and EPNs to achieve cost-effective and efficient IPM programs are presented. The common misuses of sampling and extraction methods are discussed. Professionals engaged in IPM should consider sampling the reliability level in the light of the intended goal, location, crop value, susceptibility, nematode species, and available funds. Logical sampling methodology should be expanded to integrate various factors that can recover extra EPN isolates with differential pathogenicity. It should seek for the best EPN-host matching. Merits of repeated baiting for EPN extraction from soil and sieving for PPN recovery from suspensions are presented. Their extraction values may be modelled to quantify the efficiency of nematode separation. The use of proper indices of dispersion to enhance the biocontrol potential of EPNs or save costs in nematicidal applications is ideally compatible with IPM programs. Selecting an extraction method may sometimes require further tests to find the best extraction method of the existing fauna and/or flora. Cons and pros of modern sampling and extraction techniques are highlighted.
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8
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Barrón-Bravo OG, Hernández-Marín JA, Gutiérrez-Chávez AJ, Franco-Robles E, Molina-Ochoa J, Cruz-Vázquez CR, Ángel-Sahagún CA. Susceptibility of entomopathogenic nematodes to ivermectin and thiabendazole. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 253:126658. [PMID: 32259680 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to determine the susceptibility of entomopathogenic nematodes to ivermectin and thiabendazole. Soil samples collected from the municipalities of Irapuato and León, Guanajuato, Mexico, were obtained, from which the entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) of the Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae families were isolated. The samples were classified from livestock and nonlivestock soils, and the susceptibility of EPNs to anthelmintics was determined with the larval motility assay (LMA, 24 h) and the larval migration inhibition assay (LMI assay, 48 h). Sterile distilled water (T1) and treatments with 1% ivermectin diluted in 5% DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) (T2) and 5% thiabendazole diluted in 5% DMSO (T3) were applied to infective juvenile larvae. Analysis of variance was performed with a factorial design and Tukey's test at 0.05 probability. In addition, different concentrations of ivermectin (0.1, 0.5, 1, 1.2, 1.5, and 2 μg) and thiabendazole (1, 5, 10, 12, 15, and 20 mg) were evaluated to perform a Probit analysis to determine their LC50. All strains of EPNs were susceptible to ivermectin in both the LMA and LMI assay. The results show that EPNs are susceptible to ivermectin and thiabendazole, and the degree depends on the type of test performed, the chemical product used, and the origin of the strain of EPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- O G Barrón-Bravo
- Postgraduate in Biosciences, University of Guanajuato, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - J A Hernández-Marín
- Department of Veterinary and Zootechnics, University of Guanajuato, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - A J Gutiérrez-Chávez
- Department of Veterinary and Zootechnics, University of Guanajuato, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - E Franco-Robles
- Department of Veterinary and Zootechnics, University of Guanajuato, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - J Molina-Ochoa
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, University of Colima, Mexico
| | - C R Cruz-Vázquez
- National Technological Institute of Mexico, Technological Institute El Llano, Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | - C A Ángel-Sahagún
- Department of Veterinary and Zootechnics, University of Guanajuato, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico.
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Bueno-Pallero FÁ, Blanco-Pérez R, Vicente-Díez I, Rodríguez Martín JA, Dionísio L, Campos-Herrera R. Patterns of Occurrence and Activity of Entomopathogenic Fungi in the Algarve (Portugal) Using Different Isolation Methods. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11060352. [PMID: 32512919 PMCID: PMC7348715 DOI: 10.3390/insects11060352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) are distributed in natural and agricultural soils worldwide. To investigate EPF occurrence in different botanical habitats and soil-ecoregions, we surveyed 50 georeferenced localities in the spring of 2016 across the Algarve region (South Portugal). Additionally, we compared three EPF isolation methods: insect baiting in untreated or pre-dried-soil and soil dilution plating on a selective medium. We hypothesized that forest habitats (oak and pine semi-natural areas) and the acidic soil ecoregion may favor EPF occurrence. Overall, EPF species were present in 68% of sites, widely distributed throughout the Algarve. The use of selective media resulted in higher recovery of EPF than did either soil-baiting method. Contrary to our hypothesis, neither vegetation type nor ecoregion appeared to influence EPF occurrence. Traditional and molecular methods confirmed the presence of five EPF species. Beauveria bassiana (34% of sites), was the most frequently detected EPF, using pre-dried soil baiting and soil dilution methods. However, baiting untreated soil recovered Fusarium solani more frequently (26% of sites), demonstrating the utility of using multiple isolation methods. We also found Fusarium oxysporum, Purpureocillium lilacinum and Metarhizium anisopliae in 14%, 8% and 2% of the sites, respectively. Three abiotic variables (pH, soil organic matter and Mg) explained 96% of the variability of the entomopathogen community (EPF and entomopathogenic nematodes) in a canonical correspondence analysis, confirming the congruence of the soil properties that drive the assemblage of both entomopathogens. This study expands the knowledge of EPF distribution in natural and cultivated Mediterranean habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Ángel Bueno-Pallero
- UDIT MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Pólo, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Ed 8, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (F.Á.B.-P.); (L.D.)
| | - Rubén Blanco-Pérez
- Departamento de Viticultura, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (Gobierno de La Rioja, CSIC, Universidad de La Rioja), Finca La Grajera, Ctra. de Burgos Km. 6, 26007 Logroño, Spain; (R.B.-P.); (I.V.-D.)
| | - Ignacio Vicente-Díez
- Departamento de Viticultura, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (Gobierno de La Rioja, CSIC, Universidad de La Rioja), Finca La Grajera, Ctra. de Burgos Km. 6, 26007 Logroño, Spain; (R.B.-P.); (I.V.-D.)
| | - José Antonio Rodríguez Martín
- Departamento de Medioambiente, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria INIA, Ctra. de la Coruña, km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Lídia Dionísio
- UDIT MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Pólo, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Ed 8, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; (F.Á.B.-P.); (L.D.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas e Biotecnologia, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Ed 8, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Raquel Campos-Herrera
- Departamento de Viticultura, Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (Gobierno de La Rioja, CSIC, Universidad de La Rioja), Finca La Grajera, Ctra. de Burgos Km. 6, 26007 Logroño, Spain; (R.B.-P.); (I.V.-D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-941-894980
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Sakizadeh M, Rodríguez Martín JA, Zhang C, Sharafabadi FM, Ghorbani H. Trace elements concentrations in soil, desert-adapted and non-desert plants in central Iran: Spatial patterns and uncertainty analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 243:270-281. [PMID: 30189391 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.08.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations of Cd, Cr and Pb in soil samples and As, Cd, Cr and Pb in plant specimens were analyzed in an arid area in central Iran. Plants were categorized into desert-adapted (Haloxylon ammodendron, Atraphaxis spinosa and Artemisia persica) and non-desert species. It was found that the trace element (TE) accumulating potential of the desert species (Haloxylon ammodendron and Artemisia persica) with a mean value of 0.1 mg kg-1 for Cd was significantly higher than that of the majority of the non-desert species with an average of 0.05 mg kg-1. Artemisia also had a high As accumulating capability with a mean level of 0.8 mg kg-1 in comparison with an average of 0.2 mg kg-1 for most of the other plant species. The mean values of Cr and Pb in Haloxylon ammodendron and Artemisia persica were 5 and 3 mg kg-1, respectively. Among the desert-adapted plants, Atraphaxis proved to be a species with high Cr and Pb accumulating potential, as well. The geoaccumulation index and the overall pollution scores indicated that the highest environmental risk was related to Cd. Different statistical analyses were used to study the spatial patterns of soil Cd and their connections with pollution sources. The variogram was estimated using a classical approach (weighted least squares) and was compared with that of the posterior summaries that resulted from the Bayesian technique, which lay within the 95% Bayesian credible quantile intervals (BIC) of posterior parameter distributions. The prediction of cadmium values at un-sampled locations was implemented by multi-Gaussian kriging and sequential Gaussian simulation methods. The prediction maps showed that the region most contaminated by Cd was the north-eastern part of the study area, which was linked to mining activities, while agricultural influence contributed less in this respect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Sakizadeh
- Department for Management of Science and Technology Development, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Jose Antonio Rodríguez Martín
- Dept. Environment, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (I.N.I.A), Ctra. de A Coruña 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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11
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Rodríguez Martin JA, Gutiérrez C, Torrijos M, Nanos N. Wood and bark of Pinus halepensis as archives of heavy metal pollution in the Mediterranean Region. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 239:438-447. [PMID: 29679941 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Natural levels of heavy metals (HM) have increased during the industrial era to the point of posing a serious threat to the environment. The use of tree species to record contamination is a well-known practice. The objective of the study was to compare HM levels under different pollution conditions: a) soil pollution due to mining waste; b) atmospheric pollution due to coal-fired power plant emissions. We report significant HM enrichment in Pinus halepensis tissues. Near a burning power plant, Pb content in a tree wood was 2.5-fold higher that in natural areas (no pollution; NP). In mining areas, Cd content was 25-fold higher than NP. The hypothesis that HM contents in tree rings should register pollution is debatable. HM uptake by pines from soil, detoxification mechanisms and resuspended local soil dust is involved in HM contents in wood and bark.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Antonio Rodríguez Martin
- Department of the Environment, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), ES-28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carmen Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, ICA- CSIC. Serrano, 114bis, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Torrijos
- Department of the Environment, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), ES-28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nikos Nanos
- Forest Research Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organization, 57006, Vasilika, Thessaloniki, Greece
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