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Ghaedi M, Bijanzadeh E, Behpouri A, Najafi-Ghiri M. Biochar application affected biochemical properties, yield and nutrient content of safflower under water stress. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20228. [PMID: 39215054 PMCID: PMC11364633 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71131-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
A two-year field trial was set up to investigate the effects of applying 3 tons ha-1 of wheat (3WB) and cotton biochar (3CB) alone or in combination with chemical nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizers on biochemical properties, yield and nutrient content of safflower under normal irrigation and water stress (irrigation cut-off at flowering stage) conditions. The total water applied in the chemical treatments [150 kg ha-1 N + 50 kg ha-1 P (100% of the recommended dose) and 112.5N + 37.5P (75% of the recommended dose)] under water stress, was significantly higher than other treatments. Application of 112.5N + 37.5P + 3CB increased RWC from 57.5 to 59.4% and the total chlorophyll content from 80.7 to 128.1%, compared to the control. The carotenoid content, catalase and peroxidase in 112.5N + 37.5P + 3CB were lower than chemical fertilizers. Under water stress, the seed yield of 112.5N + 37.5P + 3CB was 10.2-12.6% higher than 112.5N + 37.5P + 3WB. The higher chlorophyll content, RWC, remobilization efficiency and nutrient content in 112.5N + 37.5P + 3CB compared to other treatments was associated with seed yield enhancement. The findings indicate that the combination of CB with 75% recommended dosage of N and P, may be the optimal approach for enhancing safflower production under water stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Ghaedi
- Department of Agroecology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, BOX: 7459117666, Darab, Iran
| | - Ehsan Bijanzadeh
- Department of Agroecology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, BOX: 7459117666, Darab, Iran.
| | - Ali Behpouri
- Department of Agroecology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, BOX: 7459117666, Darab, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Najafi-Ghiri
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, Darab, Iran
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Gong X, Zou L, Wang L, Zhang B, Jiang J. Biochar improves compost humification, maturity and mitigates nitrogen loss during the vermicomposting of cattle manure-maize straw. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 325:116432. [PMID: 36274337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining humidification and inhibiting nitrogen losses during vermicomposting process have emerged to be key factors for high-quality productions. Previous data have showed outstanding functions of biochar addition in improving vermicomposting quality. In this study, the influence of bamboo biochar (BB) and rice husk biochar (RHB) addition on compost maturity, humification and nitrogen loss was evaluated in the vermicomposting of cattle manure and maize straw. Results revealed that BB or RHB amendment improved organic matter decomposition, enhanced humification and maturity of compost, particularly in the 10% BB treatment, which exerted the highest humic acids content and GI value. Furthermore, BB or RHB addition significantly reduced nitrogen losses, in which the volatilization of NH3 and N2O were reduced by 24.93%-66.23% and 14.91%-55.12%. The fewest nitrogen loss was detected in the treatment of 10% BB. Biochar inhibited nirK, nirS but promoted AOB-amoA, nosZ expression; fewer N2O producing bacteria (Pseudomonas, Devosia, Luteimonas genus) were observed in the biochar treatment, and thereby decreased the N2O emission. Therefore, 10% BB addition for co-vermicomposting cattle manure and maize straw is an efficient way to increase humification, maturity, and reduce nitrogen loss, and future applications following this strategy is believed to generate better productions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Gong
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Lan Zou
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Li Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Junxian Jiang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
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Li X, Yao S, Wang Z, Jiang X, Song Y, Chang SX. Polyethylene microplastic and biochar interactively affect the global warming potential of soil greenhouse gas emissions. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 315:120433. [PMID: 36243191 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Emerging microplastic pollution and biochar application result in their coexistence in the soil. In this study, a polyethylene microplastic, a straw biochar, and a manure biochar were applied alone or in combination to an agricultural soil to explore their interactive effects on microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, bacterial community composition, structure and function, and the resultant greenhouse gas emissions in a 45-day laboratory incubation. At the end of incubation, the co-application of microplastic and biochar suppressed the global warming potential of cumulative greenhouse gas emissions compared with the sum of their application alone. Specifically, coexisting with microplastics increased N2O emissions by 37.5% but decreased CH4 emissions by 35.8% in the straw biochar added soil, and decreased N2O, CO2 and CH4 emissions by 24.8, 6.2, and 65.2%, respectively, in the manure biochar added soil. A correlation network analysis illustrated that the increased global warming potential was related to the changed bacterial function and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen in the treatments with straw biochar and/or polyethylene microplastic added, and by the changed bacterial community structure and function in the treatments with manure biochar and/or polyethylene microplastic added. Bacterial functions associated with tricarboxylic acid cycle contributed to CO2 emissions. Bacterial functions associated with the nitrogen cycle such as nosZ and AOBamoABC were negatively and positively correlated with N2O emissions, respectively. The interaction between different types of microplastics and soil amendments and the resultant effects on ecosystem function deserve further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Li
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E3, Canada; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shi Yao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yang Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Scott X Chang
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E3, Canada
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Martínez-Gómez Á, Poveda J, Escobar C. Overview of the use of biochar from main cereals to stimulate plant growth. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:912264. [PMID: 35982693 PMCID: PMC9378993 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.912264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The total global food demand is expected to increase up to 50% between 2010 and 2050; hence, there is a clear need to increase plant productivity with little or no damage to the environment. In this respect, biochar is a carbon-rich material derived from the pyrolysis of organic matter at high temperatures with a limited oxygen supply, with different physicochemical characteristics that depend on the feedstock and pyrolysis conditions. When used as a soil amendment, it has shown many positive environmental effects such as carbon sequestration, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, and soil improvement. Biochar application has also shown huge benefits when applied to agri-systems, among them, the improvement of plant growth either in optimal conditions or under abiotic or biotic stress. Several mechanisms, such as enhancing the soil microbial diversity and thus increasing soil nutrient-cycling functions, improving soil physicochemical properties, stimulating the microbial colonization, or increasing soil P, K, or N content, have been described to exert these positive effects on plant growth, either alone or in combination with other resources. In addition, it can also improve the plant antioxidant defenses, an evident advantage for plant growth under stress conditions. Although agricultural residues are generated from a wide variety of crops, cereals account for more than half of the world's harvested area. Yet, in this review, we will focus on biochar obtained from residues of the most common and relevant cereal crops in terms of global production (rice, wheat, maize, and barley) and in their use as recycled residues to stimulate plant growth. The harvesting and processing of these crops generate a vast number and variety of residues that could be locally recycled into valuable products such as biochar, reducing the waste management problem and accomplishing the circular economy premise. However, very scarce literature focused on the use of biochar from a crop to improve its own growth is available. Herein, we present an overview of the literature focused on this topic, compiling most of the studies and discussing the urgent need to deepen into the molecular mechanisms and pathways involved in the beneficial effects of biochar on plant productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Martínez-Gómez
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | - Jorge Poveda
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carolina Escobar
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
- International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology (IROAST), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Gong X, Zhang Z, Wang H. Effects of Gleditsia sinensis pod powder, coconut shell biochar and rice husk biochar as additives on bacterial communities and compost quality during vermicomposting of pig manure and wheat straw. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 295:113136. [PMID: 34214797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effectiveness of Gleditsia sinensis pod powder (GSPP), coconut shell biochar (CSB), rice husk biochar (RHB) and their mixtures on vermicomposting of pig manure and wheat straw using Eisenia fetida. The results indicated that the addition of GSPP or/and CSB and RHB could greatly enhance the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes, as well as the activities of celluloses, protease, and alkaline phosphatase. However, the earthworm biomass was increased in the GSPP and/or CSB addition treatments but decreased in RHB addition treatments compared with the control. Compared with the control, addition of 4%GSPP+8%CSB significantly (P < 0.05) accelerated the degradation of organic matter and increased the concentration of nutrients (total N, P, K), NO3--N in final vermicompost. Germination and growth of tomato seedings were also higher (P < 0.05) in vermicompost produced with the addition of 4%GSPP+8%CSB than in control. Consequently, 4%GSPP+8%CSB addition was suggested as an efficient method to improve the vermicomposting of pig manure and wheat straw.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Gong
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zuotao Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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Short-Rotation Willows as a Wastewater Treatment Plant: Biomass Production and the Fate of Macronutrients and Metals. FORESTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/f12050554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Evapotranspirative willow systems (EWS) are zero-discharge wastewater treatment plants that produce woody biomass and have no discharge to surface or groundwater bodies. The influence of wastewater on the growth of three clones of Salix alba (‘V 093’, ‘V 051’ and ‘V 160’) and the distribution of macronutrients and metals in a pilot EWS receiving primary treated municipal wastewater was studied under a sub-Mediterranean climate. The influent wastewater, shoot number, stem height, and biomass production at coppicing were monitored in two consecutive two-year rotations. Soil properties and the concentrations of macronutrients and metals in soil and woody biomass were analyzed after the first rotation. S. alba clones in EWS produced significantly more woody biomass compared to controls. ‘V 052’ produced the highest biomass yield in both rotations (38–59 t DM ha−1) and had the highest nitrogen and phosphorus uptake (48% and 45%) from wastewater. Nitrogen and phosphorus uptake into the harvestable woody biomass was significantly higher in all clones studied compared to other plant-based wastewater treatment plants, indicating the nutrient recovery potential of EWS. The indigenous white willow clone ‘V 160’ had the lowest biomass yield but absorbed more nutrients from wastewater compared to ‘V 093’. Wastewater composition and load were consistent with the nutrient requirements of the willows; however, an increase in salinity was observed after only two years of operation, which could affect EWS efficiency and nutrient recovery in the long term.
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Meng J, Cui Z, Zhang H, Zhang J, Tang X, Wong MH, Shan S. Combined effects of arbuscular mycorrhizae fungus and composted pig manure on the growth of ryegrass and uptake of Cd and Zn in the soil from an e-waste recycling site. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:12677-12685. [PMID: 33085006 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11215-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Little attention has been paid to the combined effects of arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) fungus and composted manure on heavy metal bioavailability and its uptake by plants grown in heavy metal-contaminated soils from electronic-waste (e-waste) recycling sites. A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of AM fungus, composted pig manure (CM) and AM fungus + CM (ACM) on the growth of ryegrass and uptake of Cd and Zn in the soil collected from an e-waste recycling site. The calcium chloride (CaCl2) and Tessier sequential extraction procedure were adopted to evaluate the bioavailability and chemical speciation of Cd and Zn in the soil. Results showed that the application of CM and ACM significantly increased the pH but decreased the CaCl2-extractable Cd and Zn concentrations in the rhizosphere and bulk soils. ACM treatment significantly shifted Cd from exchangeable fraction to other more stable fractions, and transformed the exchangeable Zn fraction to the carbonate-bound and reducible iron and manganese-bound fractions. Furthermore, the application of ACM can enhance the growth of plant shoots, and decrease the uptake of Cd and Zn in the ryegrass plants. This work suggests that AM fungus in combination with CM amendment may be a potential method for not only remediation of soil Cd and Zn pollution, but also reduction of Cd and Zn uptake by ryegrass grown in the soil from e-waste recycling sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Meng
- Institute of Eco-environmental Research, School of Environmental and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Zhonghua Cui
- Institute of Eco-environmental Research, School of Environmental and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Henglei Zhang
- Institute of Eco-environmental Research, School of Environmental and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Institute of Eco-environmental Research, School of Environmental and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Xianjin Tang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Ming Hung Wong
- Consortium on Health, Environment, Education and Research, Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shengdao Shan
- Institute of Eco-environmental Research, School of Environmental and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
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Ashiq W, Nadeem M, Ali W, Zaeem M, Wu J, Galagedara L, Thomas R, Kavanagh V, Cheema M. Biochar amendment mitigates greenhouse gases emission and global warming potential in dairy manure based silage corn in boreal climate. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 265:114869. [PMID: 32502870 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
About 11% of the global anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions result from agricultural practices. Dairy manure (DM) application to soil is regarded as a best management practice due to C sequestration and improvement of soil physiochemical properties. However, GHGs emissions from the soil following the DM application could offset its advantages. Biochar (BC) is known to affect N transformation and GHGs emissions from soil. There had been considerably less focus on the BC amendment and its effects on GHGs emissions following DM application under field conditions. The objectives of this study were; i) to determine the temporal patterns and cumulative GHGs fluxes following DM and inorganic nitrogen (IN) application and, ii) to investigate BC amendment impact on DMY, GWP, direct N2O emission factor (EFd) and the response of CH4 emissions (RC) in DM based silage corn. To achieve these objectives a two-year field experiment was conducted with these treatments: 1) DM with high N conc. (DM1: 0.37% N); 2) DM with low N conc. (DM2: 0.13% N); 3) IN; 4) DM1+BC; 5) DM2+BC; 6) IN + BC; and 7) Control (N0); and were laid out in randomized complete block design with four replications. BC amendment to DM1, DM2 and IN significantly reduced cumulative CO2 emission by 16, 25.5 and 26.5%, CH4 emission by 184, 200 and 293% and N2O emission by 95, 86 and 93% respectively. It also reduced area-scaled and yield-scaled GWP, EFd, RC and enhanced DMY. Thus, BC application showed great potential to offset the negative effects of DM application i.e GHGs emissions from the silage corn cropping system. Further research is needed to evaluate soil organic carbon and nitrogen dynamics (substrates for GHG emissions) after DM and BC application on various soil types and cropping systems under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqar Ashiq
- School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, A2H 5G4, Canada; School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G2W1, Canada
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, A2H 5G4, Canada
| | - Waqas Ali
- School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, A2H 5G4, Canada
| | - Muhammad Zaeem
- School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, A2H 5G4, Canada
| | - Jianghua Wu
- School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, A2H 5G4, Canada
| | - Lakshman Galagedara
- School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, A2H 5G4, Canada
| | - Raymond Thomas
- School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, A2H 5G4, Canada
| | - Vanessa Kavanagh
- Department of Fisheries and Land Resources, Government of Newfoundland and Labrador, Pasadena, NL, A0L 1K0, Canada
| | - Mumtaz Cheema
- School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, A2H 5G4, Canada.
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Martínez-Hernández V, Meffe R, Hernández-Martín J, Alonso González A, de Santiago-Martín A, de Bustamante I. Sustainable soil amendments to improve nature-based solutions for wastewater treatment and resource recovery. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 261:110255. [PMID: 32148317 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Vegetation Filters (VFs) can be a sustainable solution to treat wastewater and to recover resources such as nutrients, water and biomass from small municipalities and isolated dwellings. However, under certain conditions, the leakage of nutrients, especially of nitrate, can represent a limitation. The addition of two sustainable soil amendments, woodchips and biochar, has been tested as a strategy to improve nutrient attenuation in VFs increasing sorption sites and microbial activity. To this end, unsaturated infiltration and batch experiments have been carried out at laboratory scale. The systems for infiltration experiments contain natural soil, natural soil amended with woodchips and natural soil amended with biochar. To determine the sorption capacity of NH4+, batch tests were performed using an amendment/SWW ratio of 1:20 and an NH4+ initial concentration ranging from 30 to 600 mg L-1. Results from the infiltration experiments show a high attenuation (~95%) of total phosphorous (TP) independently of the amendments. Different behaviour is observed for total nitrogen (TN). The removal of this species is obtained only in the soil amended with woodchips (>85%) whereas the natural soil alone and the soil with biochar have no impact on TN attenuation. In these two porous media, all the NH4+ input concentration is transformed to NO3- that infiltrates without further reactions. According to batch experiment results, the potential role of biochar in the nutrient attenuation is limited to sorption processes (Kd (NH4+) = 21.37-193.18 L kg-1). Woodchips act primarily as a labile source of carbon promoting biodegradation, being more effective for nutrient attenuation than the sorption capacity of biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raffaella Meffe
- IMDEA Water Institute, Avda Punto Com, 2, 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Adriana Alonso González
- University of Alcalá, Geology, Geography and Environment Department, Faculty of Sciences, External Campus, Ctra. A-II km 33.6, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Irene de Bustamante
- IMDEA Water Institute, Avda Punto Com, 2, 28805, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; University of Alcalá, Geology, Geography and Environment Department, Faculty of Sciences, External Campus, Ctra. A-II km 33.6, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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Assessment of Agro-Environmental Impacts for Supplemented Methods to Biochar Manure Pellets during Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cultivation. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13082070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The agro-environmental impact of supplemented biochar manure pellet fertilizer (SBMPF) application was evaluated by exploring changes of the chemical properties of paddy water and soil, carbon sequestration, and grain yield during rice cultivation. The treatments consisted of (1) the control (no biochar), (2) pig manure compost pellet (PMCP), (3) biochar manure pellets (BMP) with urea solution heated at 60 °C (BMP-U60), (4) BMP with N, P, and K solutions at room temperature (BMP-NPK), and (5) BMP with urea and K solutions at room temperature (BMP-UK). The NO3−–N and PO4−–P concentrations in the control and PMCP in the paddy water were relatively higher compared to SBMPF applied plots. For paddy soil, NH4+–N concentration in the control was lower compared to the other SBMPFs treatments 41 days after rice transplant. Additionally, it is possible that the SBMPFs could decrease the phosphorus levels in agricultural ecosystems. Also, the highest carbon sequestration was 2.67 tonnes C ha−1 in the BMP-UK treatment, while the lowest was 1.14 tonnes C ha−1 in the BMP-U60 treatment. The grain yields from the SBMPFs treatments except for the BMP-UK were significantly higher than the control. Overall, it appeared that the supplemented BMP-NPK application was one of the best SBMPFs considered with respect to agro-environmental impacts during rice cultivation.
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