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Pouyes P, Lorin J, Flaud PM, Geneste E, Budzinski H, Perraudin E, Villenave E. Atmospheric stability of six particulate biogenic secondary organic aerosol markers towards photolysis, hydroxyl radicals and ozone. CHEMOSPHERE 2025; 380:144453. [PMID: 40347670 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2025] [Accepted: 04/28/2025] [Indexed: 05/14/2025]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the kinetics of the heterogeneous reactions of six biogenic secondary organic aerosol (BSOA) markers of atmospheric interest, i.e. the terebic, terpenylic, cis-pinonic, pinic, 3-methyl-1,2,3-butanetricarboxylic (MBTCA) and β-caryophyllinic acids. For this purpose, these compounds were individually adsorbed onto silica model particles and exposed either to solar irradiation, hydroxyl radicals, or ozone. Marker concentrations extracted from particles were subsequently analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF/MS). Pseudo-first-order rate constants were derived from simulations (using either exponential functions or the tangent slope at t0) of particulate marker concentration decays as a function of exposure time to different oxidants or light. Second-order rate constants were calculated considering the oxidant concentrations under different experimental conditions. The overall atmospheric lifetime of each marker was calculated, revealing that β-caryophyllinic acid is the most reactive compound studied, with a lifetime of <14.3 min, followed by cis-pinonic acid (8.6 h), MBTCA (19 h), pinic acid (>2.8 days), terpenylic acid (>4.8 days), and terebic acid (>5.8 years).This work confirms that the atmospheric stability of some BSOA markers is insufficient, to justify their relevance as tracers of particle formation or aging processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Pouyes
- University of Bordeaux, EPOC UMR 5803 CNRS, B18, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, CS50023, cedex, 33615, Pessac, France.
| | - Judith Lorin
- University of Bordeaux, EPOC UMR 5803 CNRS, A12, 351 cours de la Libération, cedex, 33405, Talence, France.
| | - Pierre-Marie Flaud
- University of Bordeaux, EPOC UMR 5803 CNRS, B18, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, CS50023, cedex, 33615, Pessac, France.
| | - Emmanuel Geneste
- University of Bordeaux, EPOC UMR 5803 CNRS, A12, 351 cours de la Libération, cedex, 33405, Talence, France.
| | - Hélène Budzinski
- University of Bordeaux, EPOC UMR 5803 CNRS, A12, 351 cours de la Libération, cedex, 33405, Talence, France.
| | - Emilie Perraudin
- University of Bordeaux, EPOC UMR 5803 CNRS, B18, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, CS50023, cedex, 33615, Pessac, France.
| | - Eric Villenave
- University of Bordeaux, EPOC UMR 5803 CNRS, B18, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, CS50023, cedex, 33615, Pessac, France.
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Albaseer SS, Jaspers VLB, Orsini L, Vlahos P, Al-Hazmi HE, Hollert H. Beyond the field: How pesticide drift endangers biodiversity. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2025; 366:125526. [PMID: 39672369 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.125526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2024] [Revised: 11/12/2024] [Accepted: 12/10/2024] [Indexed: 12/15/2024]
Abstract
Airborne pesticide drift poses a substantial environmental threat in agriculture, affecting ecosystems far from the application sites. This process, in which up to 25% of applied pesticides are carried by air currents, can transport chemicals over hundreds or even thousands of kilometers. Drift rates peak during the summer months, reaching as high as 60%, and are influenced by various factors, including wind speed, temperature, humidity, and soil type. Pesticide volatilization is a significant concern, occurring 25 times more frequently than surface runoff. Under certain conditions, it can result in chemical losses of compounds like metolachlor and atrazine that are up to 150 times higher. These drifting pesticides have profound impacts on biodiversity, harming non-target plants, insects, fungi, and other organisms both near application sites and in distant ecosystems. Pesticide drift has been linked to over 50% reductions in wild plant diversity within 500 m of fields, reducing floral resources for pollinators. Despite growing evidence of these effects, the long-term consequences of airborne pesticides on biodiversity remain poorly understood, especially in complex field conditions with multiple pesticide applications. Addressing this requires urgent measures, such as improved meteorological tracking during applications, adoption of biopesticides, and integrated pest management strategies. This review highlights the pressing need for research to quantify airborne pesticides' ecological impacts, advocating for sustainable practices to mitigate environmental damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed S Albaseer
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology & Environmental Toxicology, Faculty Biological Sciences (FB15), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Thamar University, Dhamar, 87246, Yemen; Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, 7491, Norway
| | - Luisa Orsini
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology & Environmental Toxicology, Faculty Biological Sciences (FB15), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK; Robust Nature Excellence Initiative, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Centre for Environmental Research and Justice (CERJ), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Penny Vlahos
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Mansfield, CT, USA
| | - Hussein E Al-Hazmi
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Henner Hollert
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology & Environmental Toxicology, Faculty Biological Sciences (FB15), Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Environmental Genomics Group, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK; Department Environmental Media Related Ecotoxicology, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Schmallenberg, Germany; LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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3
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Samia B, Socorro J, Durand A, Quivet E, Wortham H. Photolytic degradation of commonly used pesticides adsorbed on silica particles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 949:174964. [PMID: 39059656 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The currently used pesticides are mostly semi-volatile organic compounds. As a result, a fraction of them can be adsorbed on atmospheric aerosol surface. Their atmospheric photolysis is poorly documented, and gaps persist in understanding their reactivity in the particle phase. Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the photolysis rates of eight commonly used pesticides (i.e., cyprodinil, deltamethrin, difenoconazole, fipronil, oxadiazon, pendimethalin, permethrin, and tetraconazole) using a flow reactor. These pesticides were individually adsorbed on hydrophobic silica particles and exposed to a filtered xenon lamp to mimic atmospheric aerosols and sunlight irradiation, respectively. The estimated photolysis rate constants ranged from less than (3.4 ± 0.3) × 10-7 s-1 (permethrin; >47.2 days) to (3.8 ± 0.2) × 10-5 s-1 (Fipronil; 0.4 days), depending on the considered compound. Moreover, this study assessed the influence of pesticide mixtures on their photolysis rates, revealing that certain pesticides can act as photosensitizers, thereby enhancing the reactivity of permethrin and tetraconazole. This study underscores the importance of considering photolysis degradation when evaluating pesticide fate and reactivity, as it can be a predominant degradation pathway for some pesticides. This contributes to an enhanced understanding of their behavior in the atmosphere and their impact on air quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boulos Samia
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LCE, Marseille, France.
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4
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Ossola R, Farmer D. The Chemical Landscape of Leaf Surfaces and Its Interaction with the Atmosphere. Chem Rev 2024; 124:5764-5794. [PMID: 38652704 PMCID: PMC11082906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Atmospheric chemists have historically treated leaves as inert surfaces that merely emit volatile hydrocarbons. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that leaves are ubiquitous substrates for multiphase reactions-implying the presence of chemicals on their surfaces. This Review provides an overview of the chemistry and reactivity of the leaf surface's "chemical landscape", the dynamic ensemble of compounds covering plant leaves. We classified chemicals as endogenous (originating from the plant and its biome) or exogenous (delivered from the environment), highlighting the biological, geographical, and meteorological factors driving their contributions. Based on available data, we predicted ≫2 μg cm-2 of organics on a typical leaf, leading to a global estimate of ≫3 Tg for multiphase reactions. Our work also highlighted three major knowledge gaps: (i) the overlooked role of ambient water in enabling the leaching of endogenous substances and mediating aqueous chemistry; (ii) the importance of phyllosphere biofilms in shaping leaf surface chemistry and reactivity; (iii) the paucity of studies on the multiphase reactivity of atmospheric oxidants with leaf-adsorbed chemicals. Although biased toward available data, we hope this Review will spark a renewed interest in the leaf surface's chemical landscape and encourage multidisciplinary collaborations to move the field forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachele Ossola
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado
State University, 80523 Fort Collins, Colorado (United States)
| | - Delphine Farmer
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado
State University, 80523 Fort Collins, Colorado (United States)
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5
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Fahy WD, Wania F, Abbatt JPD. When Does Multiphase Chemistry Influence Indoor Chemical Fate? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:4257-4267. [PMID: 38380897 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Human chemical exposure often occurs indoors, where large variability in contaminant concentrations and indoor chemical dynamics make assessments of these exposures challenging. A major source of uncertainty lies in the rates of chemical transformations which, due to high surface-to-volume ratios and rapid air change rates relative to rates of gas-phase reactions indoors, are largely gas-surface multiphase processes. It remains unclear how important such chemistry is in controlling indoor chemical lifetimes and, therefore, human exposure to both parent compounds and transformation products. We present a multimedia steady-state fugacity-based model to assess the importance of multiphase chemistry relative to cleaning and mass transfer losses, examine how the physicochemical properties of compounds and features of the indoor environment affect these processes, and investigate uncertainties pertaining to indoor multiphase chemistry and chemical lifetimes. We find that multiphase reactions can play an important role in chemical fate indoors for reactive compounds with low volatility, i.e., octanol-air equilibrium partitioning ratios (Koa) above 108, with the impact of this chemistry dependent on chemical identity, oxidant type and concentration, and other parameters. This work highlights the need for further research into indoor chemical dynamics and multiphase chemistry to constrain human exposure to chemicals in the built environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- William D Fahy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Frank Wania
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto at Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Jonathan P D Abbatt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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6
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Samia B, Della Puppa L, Mattei C, Durand A, Ravier S, Quivet E, Wortham H. Influence of pesticide mixture on their heterogeneous atmospheric degradation by ozone and OH radicals. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 344:123351. [PMID: 38272169 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Pesticides in the atmosphere can exist in both gaseous and particulate phases due to their semi-volatile properties. They can undergo degradation when exposed to atmospheric oxidants like ozone and hydroxyl radicals. The majority of studies on the atmospheric reactivity of pesticides study them in combination, without considering potential mixture effects that could induce uncertainties in the results. Therefore, this study aims to address this gap, through laboratory studies using a flow reactor, and by evaluating the degradation kinetics of pendimethalin mixed with folpet, tebuconazole, and S-metolachlor, which were simultaneously adsorbed on hydrophobic silica particles that mimic atmospheric aerosols. The comparison with other mixtures, including pendimethalin, from the literature has shown similar reactivity with ozone and hydroxyl radicals, indicating that the degradation kinetics of pesticides is independent of the mixture. Moreover, the degradation rates of the four pesticides under study indicate that they are not or slightly degraded by ozone, with half-lives ranging from 29 days to over 800 days. In contrast, when exposed to hydroxyl radicals, tebuconazole exhibited the fastest reactivity, with a half-life of 4 days, while pendimethalin had a half-life of 17 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boulos Samia
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LCE, Marseille, France
| | | | - Coraline Mattei
- Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, MIO, Marseille, France
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7
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Mayer L, Degrendele C, Šenk P, Kohoutek J, Přibylová P, Kukučka P, Melymuk L, Durand A, Ravier S, Alastuey A, Baker AR, Baltensperger U, Baumann-Stanzer K, Biermann T, Bohlin-Nizzetto P, Ceburnis D, Conil S, Couret C, Degórska A, Diapouli E, Eckhardt S, Eleftheriadis K, Forster GL, Freier K, Gheusi F, Gini MI, Hellén H, Henne S, Herrmann H, Holubová Šmejkalová A, Hõrrak U, Hüglin C, Junninen H, Kristensson A, Langrene L, Levula J, Lothon M, Ludewig E, Makkonen U, Matejovičová J, Mihalopoulos N, Mináriková V, Moche W, Noe SM, Pérez N, Petäjä T, Pont V, Poulain L, Quivet E, Ratz G, Rehm T, Reimann S, Simmons I, Sonke JE, Sorribas M, Spoor R, Swart DPJ, Vasilatou V, Wortham H, Yela M, Zarmpas P, Zellweger Fäsi C, Tørseth K, Laj P, Klánová J, Lammel G. Widespread Pesticide Distribution in the European Atmosphere Questions their Degradability in Air. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38323876 PMCID: PMC10882970 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Risk assessment of pesticide impacts on remote ecosystems makes use of model-estimated degradation in air. Recent studies suggest these degradation rates to be overestimated, questioning current pesticide regulation. Here, we investigated the concentrations of 76 pesticides in Europe at 29 rural, coastal, mountain, and polar sites during the agricultural application season. Overall, 58 pesticides were observed in the European atmosphere. Low spatial variation of 7 pesticides suggests continental-scale atmospheric dispersal. Based on concentrations in free tropospheric air and at Arctic sites, 22 pesticides were identified to be prone to long-range atmospheric transport, which included 15 substances approved for agricultural use in Europe and 7 banned ones. Comparison between concentrations at remote sites and those found at pesticide source areas suggests long atmospheric lifetimes of atrazine, cyprodinil, spiroxamine, tebuconazole, terbuthylazine, and thiacloprid. In general, our findings suggest that atmospheric transport and persistence of pesticides have been underestimated and that their risk assessment needs to be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Mayer
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Céline Degrendele
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Environment (LCE), CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille 13003, France
| | - Petr Šenk
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jiři Kohoutek
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Přibylová
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Kukučka
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Lisa Melymuk
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Amandine Durand
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Environment (LCE), CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille 13003, France
| | - Sylvain Ravier
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Environment (LCE), CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille 13003, France
| | - Andres Alastuey
- Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Alex R Baker
- Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Urs Baltensperger
- Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | | | - Tobias Biermann
- Centre for Environmental and Climate Research, Lund University, Lund 223 62, Sweden
| | | | - Darius Ceburnis
- School of Natural Sciences and Centre for Climate and Air Pollution Studies, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Galway H91 CF50, Ireland
| | - Sébastien Conil
- DRD/GES Observatoire Pérenne de l'Environnement, ANDRA, Bure 55290, France
| | - Cédric Couret
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Zugspitze 82475 Germany
| | - Anna Degórska
- Institute of Environmental Protection, National Research Institute, Warsaw 02-170, Poland
| | - Evangelia Diapouli
- National Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos", Institute of Nuclear Radiological Science Technology, Energy and Safety, ENRACT, Agia Paraskevi 15310, Greece
| | - Sabine Eckhardt
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Kjeller 2007, Norway
| | - Konstantinos Eleftheriadis
- National Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos", Institute of Nuclear Radiological Science Technology, Energy and Safety, ENRACT, Agia Paraskevi 15310, Greece
| | - Grant L Forster
- Centre for Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
- National Centre for Atmospheric Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | | | - François Gheusi
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie, CNRS/IRD, University of Toulouse, Toulouse 31400, France
| | - Maria I Gini
- National Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos", Institute of Nuclear Radiological Science Technology, Energy and Safety, ENRACT, Agia Paraskevi 15310, Greece
| | - Heidi Hellén
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki 00560, Finland
| | - Stephan Henne
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Hartmut Herrmann
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department, Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Adéla Holubová Šmejkalová
- National Atmospheric Observatory Košetice, KošeticeCzech Hydrometeorological Institute, Košetice 395 01, Czech Republic
| | - Urmas Hõrrak
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Christoph Hüglin
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Heikki Junninen
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | | | - Laurent Langrene
- DRD/GES Observatoire Pérenne de l'Environnement, ANDRA, Bure 55290, France
| | - Janne Levula
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00100, Finland
| | - Marie Lothon
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie, CNRS/IRD, University of Toulouse, Toulouse 31400, France
| | | | - Ulla Makkonen
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki 00560, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | - Steffen M Noe
- Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu 51014, Estonia
| | - Noemí Pérez
- Spanish Research Council (CSIC), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Tuukka Petäjä
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00100, Finland
| | - Véronique Pont
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie, CNRS/IRD, University of Toulouse, Toulouse 31400, France
| | - Laurent Poulain
- Atmospheric Chemistry Department, Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Etienne Quivet
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Environment (LCE), CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille 13003, France
| | - Gabriela Ratz
- Bavarian Environment Agency, Augsburg 86179, Germany
| | - Till Rehm
- Environmental Research Station Schneefernerhaus (UFS), Zugspitze 82475, Germany
| | - Stefan Reimann
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Simmons
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Penicuik EH260QB; United Kingdom
| | - Jeroen E Sonke
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, CNRS/IRD, University of Toulouse, Toulouse 31400, France
| | - Mar Sorribas
- Atmospheric Sounding Station El Arenosillo, National Institute for Aerospace Technology (INTA), Huelva 21130, Spain
| | - Ronald Spoor
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven 3721, MA, the Netherlands
| | - Daan P J Swart
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven 3721, MA, the Netherlands
| | - Vasiliki Vasilatou
- National Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos", Institute of Nuclear Radiological Science Technology, Energy and Safety, ENRACT, Agia Paraskevi 15310, Greece
| | - Henri Wortham
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Environment (LCE), CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille 13003, France
| | - Margarita Yela
- Atmospheric Sounding Station El Arenosillo, National Institute for Aerospace Technology (INTA), Huelva 21130, Spain
| | - Pavlos Zarmpas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Heraklion 715 00, Greece
| | - Claudia Zellweger Fäsi
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - Kjetil Tørseth
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Kjeller 2007, Norway
| | - Paolo Laj
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research (INAR), University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00100, Finland
- Institut des Géoscience de l'Environnement, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble 38058, France
| | - Jana Klánová
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
| | - Gerhard Lammel
- Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Masaryk University, Brno 602 00, Czech Republic
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany
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8
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Shang Y, Liu Y, Tian J, Liu C, Zhu X, Wang J, Chen D, Tao W. Heterogeneous kinetics of the OH-initiated degradation of fenthion and parathion. J Environ Sci (China) 2023; 133:161-170. [PMID: 37451785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Fenthion and parathion are two representative kinds of organophosphorus pesticides and widely used in agriculture. They are directly or indirectly released into the atmosphere by spraying or volatilization processes. However, their heterogeneous reactivity toward OH radicals has not yet been well understood. Therefore, this work investigated the heterogeneous kinetics of the OH-initiated degradation of surface-bound fenthion and parathion using a flow reactor. The results showed that OH radicals played an important role in the atmospheric degradation of fenthion and parathion. Their average rate constants were (7.20 ± 0.77) × 10-12 and (10.40 ± 0.60) × 10-12 cm3/(mol· sec) at a relative humidity (RH) and temperature of 35% and 20 °C, respectively, suggesting that they have relatively short lifetimes in the atmosphere. In addition, a negative RH dependence and a positive temperature dependence of the rate constants were observed. The Arrhenius expressions of fenthion and parathion were k2 = (1.34 ± 0.48) × 10-9exp[-(1432.59 ± 105.29)/T] and k2 = (1.96 ± 1.38) × 10-9exp[-(1619.98 ± 222.02)/T], respectively, and their overall activation energy was estimated to be (11.88 ± 0.87) and (13.48 ± 1.83) kJ/mol. The experimental results will update the kinetic data of fenthion and parathion in the atmosphere and be helpful to further understand their atmospheric transportation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhong Shang
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, China
| | - Yongchun Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Jinfeng Tian
- Medical College, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, China
| | - Changgeng Liu
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, China.
| | - Xuejun Zhu
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, China
| | - Dandan Chen
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, China
| | - Wei Tao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry of Sichuan Institutes of Higher Education, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China
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9
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Xi N, Xia X, Li Y. Climate warming inhibits neonicotinoid photodegradation on vegetable leaves: Important role of the olefin group in leaf wax. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 882:163399. [PMID: 37061057 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoid photodegradation is seldom considered in different vegetable leaves after spraying under climate warming. This study investigated the effect of elevated cultivated temperature from 15/10 °C to 21/16 °C on the photodegradation of dinotefuran, thiamethoxam, acetamiprid, and thiacloprid on four vegetable leaves under simulated sunlight irradiation. The photodegradation rates of neonicotinoids on spinach leaves were 1.1-1.6, 1.1-2.0, and 1.4-2.4 times higher than those on pak choi, Chinese cabbage, and radish leaves, respectively. The higher production concentrations of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and superoxide radicals in spinach leaf wax may contribute to the fastest photodegradation among four vegetables. When the cultivated temperature increased from 15/10 °C to 21/16 °C, neonicotinoid photodegradation rates decreased by 1.4-2.8 times on the four vegetables. Elevated cultivated temperature decreased the polarity of wax, which reduced the contact probability of neonicotinoids with reactive species on vegetable leaves and photodegradation rates. A positive linear correlation was found between the content of CHCH groups in wax determining •OH generation and the neonicotinoid photodegradation rates on four vegetable leaves cultivated at three temperatures (R2 = 0.67-0.94). Insights into neonicotinoid photodegradation on edible vegetables under climate warming are of great significance for better evaluating human exposure to neonicotinoids through the dietary pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China; School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Chen X, Peng S, Liu M, Wang L, Pang K, Zhang L, Cui Z, Liu A. Highly efficient in-situ cleaner degradation of difenoconazole by two novel dominant strains: Microflora diversity, monoclonal isolation, growth factor optimization, intermediates, and pathways. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 310:136863. [PMID: 36244419 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The non-point source pollution of difenoconazole (DIF) has become a serious environmental issue, increasingly causes indelible damages to eco-environment and human health due to its toxicity, persistence, and biomagnification. An eco-friendly, cost-effective, and efficient control technology is imperative towards a cleaner and sustainable agricultural production. Herein, a dominant microflora of efficiently degrading DIF was successfully screened, and its microbial diversity was investigated. Two novel degrading strains were isolated and identified as Phyllobacterium sp. (T-1) and Aeromonas sp. (T-2). The results of growth factor optimization indicated that the degradation rates of DIF (C0 = 20 mg/L) by strain T-1 and T-2 were up to 96.32% and 97.86% within 14 d, respectively, under the optimal conditions. Moreover, there no obvious synergy between strain T-1 and strain T-2. From catalytic kinetics of enzymes, the intracellular enzyme of strain T-1 dominated the degradation of DIF (C0 = 20 mg/L) entirely with the degradation rate of 82.4% (48 h), the extracellular enzyme showed little catalytic activity. However, the degrade rates of DIF (C0 = 20 mg/L) by both intracellular and extracellular enzymes of strain T-2 were 77.99% and 26.73% within 48 h, respectively. Moreover, these enzymes remained an undiminished catalytic activity within 48 h. DIF was degraded by strain T-1 to three main transformation products (DIF-TPs 406, DIF-TPs 216, and DIF-TPs 198) undergoing hydroxyl substitution, hydrolysis, cleavage of ether bond between benzene rings, and rearrangement, while two additional products (DIF-TPs 281 and DIF-TPs 237) were generated with the biodegradation of strain T-2, excepting for DIF-TPs 406 and DIF-TPs 216, involving hydrolysis, hydroxylation, and ether bond cleavage between benzene rings. Moreover, QSAR simulation showed that the by-products were almost much lower toxicity or even non-toxic to three typical aquatic organisms (fish, daphnia, and green algae) than DIF. This study not only provides an in depth understanding of DIF bioelimination, but also be instrumental in cleaner management of DIF-contaminated soil. This study can promote the sustainable development of agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxin Chen
- School of Eco-Environment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, Hebei University, China; College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Engineering Technology Research Center for Flame Retardant Materials and Processing Technology of Hebei Province, Hebei University, China.
| | - Shan Peng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Engineering Technology Research Center for Flame Retardant Materials and Processing Technology of Hebei Province, Hebei University, China.
| | - Miao Liu
- School of Eco-Environment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, Hebei University, China; College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Engineering Technology Research Center for Flame Retardant Materials and Processing Technology of Hebei Province, Hebei University, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Ecological Environment Monitoring, Hebei Research Center for Geoanalysis, Baoding, 071002, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Kyongjin Pang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Hamhung University of Chemical Industry, Hamhung, North Korea.
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- School of Eco-Environment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, Hebei University, China.
| | - Ziyi Cui
- School of Eco-Environment, Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, Hebei University, China.
| | - An Liu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Ecological Environment Monitoring, Hebei Research Center for Geoanalysis, Baoding, 071002, Hebei Province, China.
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11
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Couvidat F, Bedos C, Gagnaire N, Carra M, Ruelle B, Martin P, Poméon T, Alletto L, Armengaud A, Quivet E. Simulating the impact of volatilization on atmospheric concentrations of pesticides with the 3D chemistry-transport model CHIMERE: Method development and application to S-metolachlor and folpet. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127497. [PMID: 34673398 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A module to simulate the volatilization of pesticides from soils and plants was implemented in the air quality model CHIMERE in order to simulate spatiotemporal distribution of pesticide atmospheric concentrations. Pesticide applications are spatially distributed according to the quantities of pesticides sold per municipality in France (recorded in the French BNVD-S database) and are temporally distributed according to the application periods determined with enquiries. The model was applied to S-metolachlor and folpet. In the first stage of the study, pesticide emissions simulated by the CHIMERE and Volt'Air models are compared. In the second stage, measured concentrations of S-metolachlor and folpet from mid-April to the end of June are compared to the simulation results at the French and PACA (Southeastern region of France) scales. The model can reproduce the spatial distribution of S-metolachlor concentrations (spatial correlation over France of 0.79) with a bias ranging from -50 to 50% for most stations during the application period. The simulation of folpet concentrations remains challenging with a lack of correlation between model results and measurements, that could possibly be due to a lack of precision in the temporalization of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Couvidat
- INERIS, Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques, Parc Technologique ALATA, Verneuil-en-Halatte 60550, France.
| | - Carole Bedos
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR ECOSYS, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - Nathalie Gagnaire
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR ECOSYS, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - Mathilde Carra
- ITAP, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Philippe Martin
- UMR SADAPT, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | | | - Lionel Alletto
- Université de Toulouse, INRAE, UMR AGIR, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
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Guberman VerPloeg SL, Clark AE, Yoon S, Hildebrandt Ruiz L, Sheesley RJ, Usenko S. Assessing the atmospheric fate of pesticides used to control mosquito populations in Houston, TX. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 275:129951. [PMID: 33662722 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
During the summer months, urban areas are literal hot spots of mosquito-borne disease transmission and air pollution. Public health authorities release aerosolized pesticides directly into the atmosphere to help control adult mosquito populations and thereby reduce the threat of diseases, such as Zika Virus. The primary adulticides (i.e. pesticides used to control adult mosquito populations) in Houston, TX are permethrin and malathion. These adulticides are typically sprayed at night using ultra-low volume sprayers. Particulate matter (PM) samples including total suspended and fine PM (PM < 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter) were collected at four ground-based sites across Houston in 2013 and include daytime, nighttime, and 24 h samples. Malathion is initially sprayed as coarse aerosol (5-25 μm), but is measured in fine aerosol (<2.5 μm) and coarse aerosol in the urban atmosphere. Particle size is relevant both for deposition velocities and for human exposure. Atmospheric permethrin concentrations measured in nighttime samples peak at 60 ng m-3, while malathion nighttime concentrations peak near 40 ng m-3. Malaoxon, an oxidation product of malathion, was also frequently detected at concentrations >10 ng m-3, indicating significant nighttime oxidation. Based on the loss of malathion and the increase in malaoxon, the atmospheric half-life of malathion in Houston was estimated at <12 h, which was significantly shorter than previous half-life estimates (∼days). Importantly, malaoxon is estimated to be 22-33 times more toxic to humans than malathion. Both the aerosol size and the half-life are critical for mosquito control, human exposure, and risk assessment of these routine pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adelaide E Clark
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97348, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - Subin Yoon
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97266, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - Lea Hildebrandt Ruiz
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Rebecca J Sheesley
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97266, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - Sascha Usenko
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97266, Waco, TX, 76798, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97348, Waco, TX, 76798, USA.
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13
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Figueiredo A, Strekowski RS, Bosland L, Durand A, Wortham H. Photodegradation of Molecular Iodine on SiO2 Particles: Influence of Temperature and Relative Humidity. JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND RADIATION SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4048846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A molecular derivatization method followed by gas chromatographic separation coupled with mass spectrometric detection was used to study photodegradation of molecular I2 adsorbed on solid SiO2 particles. The heterogeneous photodegradation of I2 was studied as a function of temperature and relative humidity in synthetic air to better understand its environmental fate. Two sets of experiments were carried out. In the first set of experiments, the temperature was T = (298 ± 1) K and relative humidity was varied from ≤ 2% to 75%RH under given experimental conditions. In the second set of experiments, the relative humidity within the Pyrex bulb was 40%RH and the temperature was varied from 283 ± 1 ≤ T (K) ≤ 323 ± 1. The obtained results show a considerably enhanced atmospheric lifetime of molecular iodine adsorbed on solid media that does not depend on relative humidity of the environment. The obtained results show that the rate constant for the photolysis of molecular iodine adsorbed on model SiO2 particles depends on temperature and is reported to be J (T)=(1.24 ± 1.4)×10−2×exp[(1482±345)/T]/s over the measured temperature range. The heterogeneous atmospheric residence time () of I2 adsorbed on solid media is calculated to range from 2 to 4.1 h. The experimentally obtained heterogeneous lifetime of I2 is shown to be considerably longer than its destruction by its principal atmospheric sink, photolysis. The observed enhanced atmospheric lifetime of I2 on heterogeneous media will likely have direct consequences on the atmospheric transport of I2 that influences the toxicity or the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Figueiredo
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, LCE, Marseille 13007, France; Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, PSN-RES/SAG/LETR, Cadarache, France
| | | | - L. Bosland
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, PSN-RES/SAG/LETR, Cadarache, France
| | - A. Durand
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, LCE, Marseille 13007, France
| | - H. Wortham
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, LCE, Marseille 13007, France
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14
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Xi N, Li Y, Chen J, Yang Y, Duan J, Xia X. Elevated Temperatures Decrease the Photodegradation Rate of Pyrethroid Insecticides on Spinach Leaves: Implications for the Effect of Climate Warming. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:1167-1177. [PMID: 33356194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c06959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Climate warming is seldom considered in the transformation of pesticides on a plant leaf. This study investigated the effects of photodegradation temperature and spinach growth temperature from 15 to 21 °C on the photodegradation of bifenthrin, cypermethrin, fenvalerate, and deltamethrin on spinach leaves under xenon lamp irradiation in climate incubators. The photodegradation temperature had minor effects on pyrethroid photodegradation. Interestingly, the photodegradation rates decreased with increasing spinach growth temperature. For example, the photodegradation rate constant of bifenthrin on a spinach cultivated at 15 °C (3.73 (±0.59, 95% confidence level) × 10-2 h-1) was 1.9 times higher than that at 21 °C (1.96 (±0.17) × 10-2 h-1). Hydroxyl radicals (·OH) played a dominant role in the photodegradation. We speculate that ·OH originated from the degradation of hydroperoxide that was formed by oxidation of phenolic CH═CH, aliphatic CH3 and aromatic C-O-C, and subsequent hydrogen abstraction. The contents of these functional groups decreased with increasing growth temperature, which resulted in lower photodegradation rates at higher growth temperatures. A possible photodegradation pathway including ester bond cleavage, decyanation, and phenyl group removal was proposed. This work provides new insight into the effects of climate warming on the generation of reactive oxygen species and the transformation of pesticides on a plant leaf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixiao Yang
- The International Department, The Experimental High School Attached to Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajun Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
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15
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Figueiredo A, Strekowski RS, Bosland L, Durand A, Wortham H. Photolytic degradation of molecular iodine adsorbed on model SiO 2 particles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 723:137951. [PMID: 32392691 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A molecular derivatization method followed by gas chromatographic separation coupled with mass spectrometric detection was used to study photolytic degradation of I2 adsorbed on solid SiO2 particles. This heterogeneous photodegradation of I2 is studied at ambient temperature in synthetic air to better understand I2 atmospheric dispersion and environmental fate. The obtained laboratory results show a considerably enhanced atmospheric lifetime of molecular iodine adsorbed on solid media. The heterogeneous atmospheric residence time (τ) of I2 is calculated to be τ ≈ 187 min, i.e., τ ≈ 3 h. The obtained heterogeneous lifetime of I2 is shown to be considerably longer than its destruction by its principal atmospheric sink, namely, photolysis. The observed enhanced atmospheric lifetime of I2 on heterogeneous media will likely have direct consequences on the atmospheric transport of I2 that influences the toxicity or the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Figueiredo
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LCE, Marseille, France; Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, PSN-RES/SAG/LETR, Cadarache, France
| | | | - L Bosland
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire, PSN-RES/SAG/LETR, Cadarache, France
| | - A Durand
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LCE, Marseille, France
| | - H Wortham
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LCE, Marseille, France
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16
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Rokbani O, Fattouch S, Chakir A, Roth E. Heterogeneous oxidation of two triazole pesticides (diniconazole and tebuconazole) by OH-radicals and ozone. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 694:133745. [PMID: 31756792 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Tebuconazole (Tbz) and diniconazole (Dnz) were deposited as thin film on quartz plaques. They were submitted to OH-radicals and ozone and their kinetic was measured. OH-radical oxidation was performed relative to a reference whose rate constant is well known. Terbuthylazine (Tbt) and Chlorpyriphos Ethyl (Clp) were chosen as reference for Tbz and Dnz kinetics determination, respectively. OH-radical rate constants of Tbz and Dnz were found to be: kOH+Tbz = (1.7 ± 0.2) 10-13 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 and k OH+Dnz = (1.74 ± 1.21) 10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, respectively. Ozone heterogeneous oxidation rate constants were determined in an absolute way: kO3+Tbz = (0.5 ± 0.2) 10-20 cm3 molecule-1 s-1; kO3+Dnz = (1.4 ± 0.2) 10-19 cm3 molecule-1 s-1. Dnz is ten times more reactive toward OH-radicals than Tbz and 27 times more reactive than Tbz toward ozone maybe because of the presence of a double bond in Dnz. Lifetimes of Tbz and Dnz on quartz like surfaces are against OH-radicals are of 68 days and 8 days, respectively and 4 months and several years against ozone, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Rokbani
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, CNRS, GSMA, UMR 7331, 51097 Reims, France GSMA, UMR CNRS 7331, Moulin de la Housse, B.P. 1039, 51687 Reims, France; Food and Molecular Biochemistry Laboratory, National Institute of Applied Sciences Technology (INSAT), University of Carthage, Tunis 1080, Tunisia; Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Tunis 1080, Tunisia
| | - S Fattouch
- Food and Molecular Biochemistry Laboratory, National Institute of Applied Sciences Technology (INSAT), University of Carthage, Tunis 1080, Tunisia
| | - A Chakir
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, CNRS, GSMA, UMR 7331, 51097 Reims, France GSMA, UMR CNRS 7331, Moulin de la Housse, B.P. 1039, 51687 Reims, France
| | - E Roth
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, CNRS, GSMA, UMR 7331, 51097 Reims, France GSMA, UMR CNRS 7331, Moulin de la Housse, B.P. 1039, 51687 Reims, France.
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17
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Mattei C, Dupont J, Wortham H, Quivet E. Influence of pesticide concentration on their heterogeneous atmospheric degradation by ozone. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 228:75-82. [PMID: 31022622 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A fraction of the atmospheric pesticides can be adsorbed on particles surface according to their physicochemical properties. After adsorption, pesticides can undergo heterogeneous reactivity with atmospheric oxidants such as ozone, but the influence of the pesticide surface coating (i.e., the percentage of the particle surface covered by pesticide molecules) on the degradation kinetics is not well-understood. To estimate the importance of this phenomenon, the influence of the surface coating level in pesticides on the heterogeneous ozonolysis of cyprodinil, deltamethrin, permethrin, and pendimethalin adsorbed on hydrophobic and hydrophilic silicas was investigated. Surface coating level varied from 0.3% to 15% of a monolayer. Generally, the increase of the surface coating level induced a slower degradation of the pesticides above 1%-3% of a monolayer. This decrease was attributed to a shielding effect. More aggregates of pesticides form with increasing surface coating leading to lower accessibility for ozone to the adsorbed pesticide molecules. Moreover, it was observed that the particle type could play a role in the influence of the surface coating level on the degradation rates. Results obtained will contribute to a better understanding of the atmospheric fate of pesticides and semi-volatile organic compounds in the particulate phase and show the importance of working with consistent surface coating level in order to compare the obtained degradation constants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coraline Mattei
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LCE, Marseille, France; French Environment and Energy Management Agency 20, Avenue du Grésillé, BP 90406, Angers Cedex 01, 49004, France
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