1
|
Ross TA, Zhang J, Chiang CY, Choi CY, Lai YC, Asimakopoulos AG, Lemesle P, Ciesielski TM, Jaspers VLB, Klaassen M. Running the gauntlet; flyway-wide patterns of pollutant exposure in blood of migratory shorebirds. Environ Res 2024; 246:118123. [PMID: 38185220 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Shorebirds (order Charadriiformes) are among the world's most threatened avian taxa. Within the East Asian-Australasian Flyway (EAAF), a major threat to shorebirds' survival may be the gauntlet of pollution along the flyway. Metals, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and per-/polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) persist in the environment to the detriment of wildlife. In this study, we analysed element and PFAS concentrations in blood from 142 individuals across six species of Arctic-breeding migratory shorebirds with contrasting population trends, to discern species- and site-specific pollution differences, and determine how pollution correlated with population trends of EAAF shorebirds. Potential within-year pollution variations were investigated by blood-sampling birds at two sites, representing different points in the birds' annual migrations: staging in Taiwan on southward migrations and at non-breeding grounds in Western Australia (WA). Species' pollutant concentrations were compared to established population trends. Concentrations of potentially toxic elements were low in most individuals regardless of species. PFASs (range: <0.001-141 ng/g), Hg (<0.001-9910 ng/g) and Pb (<0.01-1210 ng/g) were higher in Taiwan than in WA (PFAS Taiwan median: 14.5 ng/g, WA median: 3.45 ng/g; Hg Taiwan: 338 ng/g, WA: 23.4 ng/g; Pb Taiwan: 36.8 ng/g, WA: 2.26 ng/g). Meanwhile As (range <0.001-8840 ng/g) and Se (290-47600 ng/g) were higher in WA than Taiwan (As Taiwan median: 500 ng/g, WA median: 1660 ng/g; Se Taiwan: 5490 ng/g, Se WA: 23700 ng/g). Nevertheless, pollutant concentrations in a subset of individuals may exceed sublethal effect thresholds (As, Se and PFASs). Finally, we found no consistent differences in pollution among species and demonstrated no correlation between pollution and population trends, suggesting pollution is likely not a major driver for population declines of EAAF shorebirds. However, ongoing and locally heavy environmental degradation and exposure to other contaminants not investigated here, such as POPs, warrants continued consideration when managing EAAF shorebird populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias A Ross
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, 7491, Norway
| | - Chung-Yu Chiang
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yeung Choi
- Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, 215316, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yi-Chien Lai
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Prescillia Lemesle
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, 7491, Norway
| | - Tomasz Maciej Ciesielski
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, 7491, Norway; Department of Arctic Technology, The University Center in Svalbard, 9171, Longyearbyen, Norway
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, 7491, Norway
| | - Marcel Klaassen
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia; Victorian Wader Study Group, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Australasian Wader Study Group, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Khan EA, Greve M, Russell I, Ciesielski TM, Lundregan S, Jensen H, Rønning B, Bones AM, Asimakopoulos AG, Waugh CA, Jaspers VLB. Lead exposure is related to higher infection rate with the gapeworm in Norwegian house sparrows (Passer domesticus). Environ Pollut 2024; 344:123443. [PMID: 38278400 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Anthropogenic pollution is identified as an important threat to bird and other wildlife populations. Many metals and toxic elements, along with poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are known to induce immunomodulation and have previously been linked to increased pathogen prevalence and infectious disease severity. In this study, the house sparrow (Passer domesticus) was investigated at the coast of Helgeland in northern Norway. This population is commonly infected with the parasitic nematode "gapeworm" (Syngamus trachea), with a prevalence of 40-60 % during summer months. Gapeworm induces severe respiratory disease in birds and has been previously demonstrated to decrease survival and reproductive success in wild house sparrows. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a higher exposure to pollution with PFASs, metals and other elements influences gapeworm infection in wild house sparrows. We conducted PFASs and elemental analysis on whole blood from 52 house sparrows from Helgeland, including analyses of highly toxic metals such as lead (Pb), mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As). In addition, we studied gapeworm infection load by counting the parasite eggs in faeces from each individual. We also studied the expression of microRNA 155 (miR155) as a key regulator in the immune system. Elevated blood concentrations of Pb were found to be associated with an increased prevalence of gapeworm infection in the house sparrow. The expression of miR155 in the plasma of the house sparrow was only weakly associated with Pb. In contrast, we found relatively low PFASs concentrations in the house sparrow blood (∑ PFASs 0.00048-354 μg/L) and PFASs were not associated to miR155 nor infection rate. The current study highlights the potential threat posed by Pb as an immunotoxic pollutant in small songbirds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Essa A Khan
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway.
| | - Melissa Greve
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
| | - Isabelle Russell
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
| | - Tomasz M Ciesielski
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
| | - Sarah Lundregan
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
| | - Henrik Jensen
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
| | - Bernt Rønning
- Department of Teacher Education, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
| | - Atle M Bones
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
| | | | | | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
McCann Smith E, Bartosova Z, Wagner M, Jaspers VLB, Monclús L. Exposure to microplastics affects fatty acid composition in the Japanese quail depending on sex and particle size. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:169019. [PMID: 38048993 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Plastic ingestion in birds is a widespread phenomenon of increasing concern. However, little is known about how exposure to microplastics (MP) affects the health of birds. In other organisms, MP exposure alters lipid metabolism and composition. If also true in birds, this could affect their fitness, especially since birds heavily rely on lipids during migration and egg production. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine if ingestion of MP (polypropylene and polyethylene collected in nature) in two size ranges, large (3 mm) and small (<125 μm), affects lipid metabolism in the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). We orally exposed 55 one-week-old quail during 5 weeks to a total of 600 mg of MP in sizes of either large, small, or a mixture of both. After the exposure period, females fed small MP had higher liver masses compared to control females (on average ± SD, 8.95 ± 2.3 g vs. 6.34 ± 1.0 g), while liver lipid content did not differ in either males or females. The levels of monounsaturated fatty acids were lower in females exposed to large MP and the mixture of both MP sizes compared to controls. Females exposed to MP also had different levels of oleic- (18:1) and palmitoleic (16:1) acid compared to controls dependent on MP size. Exposure to small MP increased levels of palmitic- (16:0) and palmitoleic (16:1) acid in both males and females suggesting a possible increase in de novo fatty acid synthesis. Taken together, our results point towards a sex-specific sensitivity to MP as well as size-dependent MP effects on lipid metabolism in birds. Disruption of fatty acid composition could affect important life stages in female birds, such as migration and egg-laying. We stress the importance of further research focused on determining the mechanisms of action of MP on lipid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eliana McCann Smith
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Zdenka Bartosova
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Martin Wagner
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Laura Monclús
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ross TA, Zhang J, Wille M, Ciesielski TM, Asimakopoulos AG, Lemesle P, Skaalvik TG, Atkinson R, Jessop R, Jaspers VLB, Klaassen M. Assessment of contaminants, health and survival of migratory shorebirds in natural versus artificial wetlands - The potential of wastewater treatment plants as alternative habitats. Sci Total Environ 2023; 904:166309. [PMID: 37586507 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The rapid destruction of natural wetland habitats over past decades has been partially offset by an increase in artificial wetlands. However, these also include wastewater treatment plants, which may pose a pollution risk to the wildlife using them. We studied two long-distance Arctic-breeding migratory shorebird species, curlew sandpiper (Calidris ferruginea, n = 69) and red-necked stint (Calidris ruficollis, n = 103), while on their Australian non-breeding grounds using an artificial wetland at a wastewater treatment plant (WTP) and a natural coastal wetland. We compared pollutant exposure (elements and per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances/PFASs), disease (avian influenza), physiological status (oxidative stress) of the birds at the two locations from 2011 to 2020, and population survival from 1978 to 2019. Our results indicated no significant differences in blood pellet pollutant concentrations between the habitats except mercury (WTP median: 224 ng/g, range: 19-873 ng/g; natural wetland: 160 ng/g, 22-998 ng/g) and PFASs (total PFASs WTP median: 85.1 ng/g, range: <0.01-836 ng/g; natural wetland: 8.02 ng/g, <0.01-85.3 ng/g) which were higher at the WTP, and selenium which was lower at the WTP (WTP median: 5000 ng/g, range: 1950-34,400 ng/g; natural wetland: 19,200 ng/g, 4130-65,200 ng/g). We also measured higher blood o,o'-dityrosine (an indicator of protein damage) at the WTP. No significant differences were found for adult survival, but survival of immature birds at the WTP appeared to be lower which could be due to higher dispersal to other wetlands. Interestingly, we found active avian influenza infections were higher in the natural habitat, while seropositivity was higher in the WTP, seemingly not directly related to pollutant exposure. Overall, we found limited differences in pollutant exposure, health and survival of the shorebirds in the two habitats. Our findings suggest that appropriately managed wastewater treatment wetlands could provide a suitable alternative habitat to these migratory species, which may aid in curbing the decline of shorebird populations from widespread habitat loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias A Ross
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong Waurn Ponds Campus, VIC 3216, Australia.
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Michelle Wille
- Sydney School for Infectious Diseases, School of Life and Environmental Sciences and School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Tomasz Maciej Ciesielski
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway; Department of Arctic Technology, The University Center in Svalbard, 9171 Longyearbyen, Norway
| | | | - Prescillia Lemesle
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Tonje G Skaalvik
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Robyn Atkinson
- Victorian Wader Study Group, Thornbury, VIC, 3071, Australia
| | - Roz Jessop
- Victorian Wader Study Group, Thornbury, VIC, 3071, Australia
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway
| | - Marcel Klaassen
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong Waurn Ponds Campus, VIC 3216, Australia; Victorian Wader Study Group, Thornbury, VIC, 3071, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang J, Jaspers VLB, Røe J, Castro G, Kroglund IB, Gonzalez SV, Østnes JE, Asimakopoulos AG. Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances in Tawny Owl (Strix aluco) feathers from Trøndelag, Norway. Sci Total Environ 2023; 903:166213. [PMID: 37567298 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are contaminants of global concern due to their ubiquitous occurrence in the environment, bioaccumulation and the adverse effects on organisms. Tawny Owls (Strix aluco) are documented to be exposed to increasing concentrations of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs), and have been suggested in literature as a key raptor monitoring species. Therefore, non-destructive biomonitoring efforts are of high interest. Thus far, the use of feathers for biomonitoring PFASs in Tawny Owls has not been investigated. In this study, 32 PFASs were analyzed in 49 Tawny Owl body feather samples collected from 2017 to 2020 in Trøndelag, Norway. There were 30 PFASs detected in at least one feather, with the sum concentrations ranging from 31 to 203 ng/g (w.w.). Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) (median: 33 ng/g) and perfluorooctane sulfonamidoacetic acid (FOSAA) (median: 18 ng/g) were the two compounds with the highest concentrations. Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), which is banned for production and use in Norway since 2007, was found in all samples (median: 4.14 ng/g), indicating its high persistence. 8 PFASs were detected in at least 50 % of the samples: FOSAA (11-127 ng/g), PFHpA (<0.04-115 ng/g), perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS) (<0.28-21 ng/g), PFOS (0.23-13 ng/g), perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA) (0.24-5.15 ng/g), perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoDA) (<0.28-4.45 ng/g), perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA) (<0.28-2.33 ng/g), and 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (6:2 FTSA) (0.07-1.01 ng/g). No significant differences were found for the concentrations of PFASs between calendar years and locations, but a slight increase could be observed in the sum concentration of PFASs (Ʃ32PFASs) over the sampling years. As Tawny Owls are residential owls that usually do not cover great distances, their feathers can be used as a potential alternative matrix for future biomonitoring studies. To our knowledge, this is the first study on the occurrence of 32 PFASs investigated in feathers of a Tawny Owl population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Jonas Røe
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Gabriela Castro
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ingvild B Kroglund
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, 7229 Steinkjer, Norway
| | - Susana Villa Gonzalez
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jan Eivind Østnes
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, 7229 Steinkjer, Norway
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chaabani S, Einum S, Jaspers VLB, Asimakopoulos AG, Zhang J, Muller E. Impact of the antidepressant Bupropion on the Dynamic Energy Budget of Daphnia magna. Sci Total Environ 2023; 895:164984. [PMID: 37356764 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Psychiatric drugs are considered among the emerging contaminants of concern in ecological risk assessment, due to their potential to disrupt homeostasis in aquatic organisms. Bupropion is an antidepressant that acts by selective reuptake inhibition of norepinephrine and dopamine. Little is known about this compound's effects on aquatic organisms, despite being detected in significant concentrations in both water and biota close to waste-water treatment plants and densely populated areas. Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) models are flexible mechanistic tools that can be applied to understand toxic effects and extrapolate individual responses to higher biological levels and under untested environmental conditions. In this work, we used the stdDEB-TKTD (an application of the DEB theory to ecotoxicology) approach to investigate the possible physiological mode of action of Bupropion on the model organism Daphnia magna. Next, Dynamic Energy Budget Individual-Based Models (DEB-IBM) were used to extrapolate the results to the population level and to predict the combined effects of Bupropion exposure and food availability on the daphnids. Our results revealed an increasing negative effect of this antidepressant on the reproduction and survival of the animals with increasing concentration (0.004, 0.058, 0.58 and 58 μM). At the population level, we found that even the lowest used doses of Bupropion could reduce the population density and its reproductive output. The impacts are predicted to be stronger under limited food conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Safa Chaabani
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Sigurd Einum
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Junjie Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Erik Muller
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway; Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93116, USA; ibacon GmbH, Arheilger Weg 17, D-6430 Rossdorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hansen E, Sun J, Helander B, Bustnes JO, Eulaers I, Jaspers VLB, Covaci A, Eens M, Bourgeon S. A retrospective investigation of feather corticosterone in a highly contaminated white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) population. Environ Res 2023; 228:115923. [PMID: 37072083 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs), such as organochlorines (OCs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), is associated with adverse health effects in wildlife. Many POPs have been banned and consequently their environmental concentrations have declined. To assess both temporal trends of POPs and their detrimental impacts, raptors are extensively used as biomonitors due to their high food web position and high contaminant levels. White-tailed eagles (WTEs; Haliaeetus albicilla) in the Baltic ecosystem represent a sentinel species of environmental pollution, as they have suffered population declines due to reproductive failure caused by severe exposure to dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) during the 1960s through 1980s. However, there is a lack of long-term studies that cover a wide range of environmental contaminants and their effects at the individual level. In this study, we used 135 pooled samples of shed body feathers collected in 1968-2012 from breeding WTE pairs in Sweden. Feathers constitute a temporal archive for substances incorporated into the feather during growth, including corticosterone, which is the primary avian glucocorticoid and a stress-associated hormone. Here, we analysed the WTE feather pools to investigate annual variations in feather corticosterone (fCORT), POPs (OCs and PBDEs), and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes (SIs; dietary proxies). We examined whether the expected fluctuations in POPs affected fCORT (8-94 pg. mm-1) in the WTE pairs. Despite clear temporal declining trends in POP concentrations (p < 0.01), we found no significant associations between fCORT and POPs or SIs (p > 0.05 in all cases). Our results do not support fCORT as a relevant biomarker of contaminant-mediated effects in WTEs despite studying a highly contaminated population. However, although not detecting a relationship between fCORT, POP contamination and diet, fCORT represents a non-destructive and retrospective assessment of long-term stress physiology in wild raptors otherwise not readily available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Hansen
- UiT - the Arctic University of Norway, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Hansine Hansens Veg 18, NO-9019, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Jiachen Sun
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, CN-266003, Shandong, China
| | - Björn Helander
- Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Environmental Research and Monitoring, Box 50007, SE-10405, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Ove Bustnes
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Framsenteret, Hjalmar Johansens Gate 14, NO-9296, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Igor Eulaers
- Fram Centre, Norwegian Polar Institute, NO-9296, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Marcel Eens
- Behavioural and Ecophysiology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Sophie Bourgeon
- UiT - the Arctic University of Norway, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Hansine Hansens Veg 18, NO-9019, Tromsø, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Randulff ST, Abbasi NA, Eulaers I, Nygård T, Covaci A, Eens M, Malarvannan G, Lepoint G, Løseth ME, Jaspers VLB. Feathers as an integrated measure of organohalogen contamination, its dietary sources and corticosterone in nestlings of a terrestrial bird of prey, the northern Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis). Sci Total Environ 2022; 828:154064. [PMID: 35240173 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the suitability of body feathers, preen oil and plasma for estimation of organohalogen compound (OHC) exposure in northern goshawk Accipiter gentilis nestlings (n = 37; 14 nests). In addition, body feathers received further examination concerning their potential to provide an integrated assessment of (1) OHC exposure, (2) its dietary sources (carbon sources and trophic position) and (3) adrenal gland response (corticosterone). While tetrabromobisphenol A was not detected in any sample, the presence of polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides, polybrominated diphenyl ethers and hexabromocyclododecane in body feathers (median: 23, 19, 1.6 and 3.5 ng g-1 respectively), plasma (median: 7.5, 6.2, 0.50 and 1.0 ng g-1 ww, respectively) and preen oil (median: 750, 600, 18 and 9.57 ng g-1 ww, respectively) suggests analytical suitability for biomonitoring of major OHCs in the three matrices. Furthermore, strong and significant associations (0.20 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.98; all P < 0.05) among the OHC concentrations in all three tissues showed that body feathers and preen oil reliably reflect circulating plasma OHC levels. Of the dietary proxies, δ13C (carbon source) was the most suitable predictor for variation in feather OHCs concentrations, while no significant relationships between body feather OHCs and δ15N (trophic position) were found. Finally, body feather corticosterone concentrations were not related to variation in OHC concentrations. This is the first study to evaluate feathers of a terrestrial bird of prey as an integrated non-destructive tool to jointly assess nestling ecophysiology and ecotoxicology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sina T Randulff
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Naeem A Abbasi
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences (CEES), University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam campus, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Igor Eulaers
- Arctic Research Centre, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Torgeir Nygård
- Unit for Terrestrial Ecology, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Marcel Eens
- Behavioural Ecology & Ecophysiology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Govindan Malarvannan
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Gilles Lepoint
- Laboratory of Trophic and Isotopes Ecology (LETIS), UR FOCUS, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Mari E Løseth
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), Oslo, Norway
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Issa S, Chaabani S, Asimakopoulos AG, Jaspers VLB, Einum S. Maternal dopamine exposure provides offspring starvation resistance in
Daphnia. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8785. [PMID: 35386865 PMCID: PMC8975792 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurotransmitter dopamine has been shown to play an important role in modulating behavioral, morphological, and life history responses to food abundance. However, costs of expressing high dopamine levels remain poorly studied and are essential for understanding the evolution of the dopamine system. Negative maternal effects on offspring size from enhanced maternal dopamine levels have previously been documented in Daphnia. Here, we tested whether this translates into fitness costs in terms of lower starvation resistance in offspring. We exposed Daphnia magna mothers to aqueous dopamine (2.3 or 0 mg/L for the control) at two food levels (ad libitum vs. 30% ad libitum) and recorded a range of maternal life history traits. The longevity of their offspring was then quantified in the absence of food. In both control and dopamine treatments, mothers that experienced restricted food ration had lower somatic growth rates and higher age at maturation. Maternal food restriction also resulted in production of larger offspring that had a superior starvation resistance compared to ad libitum groups. However, although dopamine exposed mothers produced smaller offspring than controls at restricted food ration, these smaller offspring survived longer under starvation. Hence, maternal dopamine exposure provided an improved offspring starvation resistance. We discuss the relative importance of proximate and ultimate causes for why D. magna may not evolve toward higher endogenous dopamine levels despite the fitness benefits this appears to have.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Semona Issa
- Department of Biology Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway
- Norwegian Agriculture Agency Oslo Norway
| | - Safa Chaabani
- Department of Biology Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway
| | | | - Veerle L. B. Jaspers
- Environmental Toxicology Department of Biology Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway
| | - Sigurd Einum
- Department of Biology Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Monclús L, Løseth ME, Dahlberg Persson MJ, Eulaers I, Kleven O, Covaci A, Benskin JP, Awad R, Zubrod JP, Schulz R, Wabakken P, Heggøy O, Øien IJ, Steinsvåg MJ, Jaspers VLB, Nygård T. Legacy and emerging organohalogenated compounds in feathers of Eurasian eagle-owls (Bubo bubo) in Norway: Spatiotemporal variations and associations with dietary proxies (δ 13C and δ 15N). Environ Res 2022; 204:112372. [PMID: 34774833 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of organohalogenated compounds (OHCs) in wildlife has received considerable attention over the last decades. Among the matrices used for OHCs biomonitoring, feathers are particularly useful as they can be collected in a minimally or non-invasive manner. In this study, concentrations of various legacy OHCs -polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)-, as well as emerging OHCs -per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and organophosphate ester flame retardants (OPEs)- were determined in feathers of 72 Eurasian eagle-owls (Bubo bubo) from Norway, with the goal of studying spatiotemporal variation using a non-invasive approach. Molted feathers were collected at nest sites from northern, central and southern Norway across four summers (2013-2016). Additionally, two museum-archived feathers from 1979 to 1989 were included. Stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen isotopes (δ15N) were used as dietary proxies. In total, 11 PFAS (sum range 8.25-215.90 ng g-1), 15 PCBs (4.19-430.01 ng g-1), 6 OCPs (1.48-220.94 ng g-1), 5 PBDEs (0.21-5.32 ng g-1) and 3 OPEs (4.49-222.21 ng g-1) were quantified. While we observed large variation in the values of both stable isotopes, suggesting a diverse diet of the eagle-owls, only δ13C seemed to explain variation in PFAS concentrations. Geographic area and year were influential factors for δ15N and δ13C. Considerable spatial variation was observed in PFAS levels, with the southern area showing higher levels compared to northern and central Norway. For the rest of OHCs, we observed between-year variations; sum concentrations of PCBs, OCPs, PBDEs and OPEs reached a maximum in 2015 and 2016. Concentrations from 1979 to 1989 were within the ranges observed between 2013 and 2016. Overall, our data indicate high levels of legacy and emerging OHCs in a top predator in Norway, further highlighting the risk posed by OHCs to wildlife.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Monclús
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Mari Engvig Løseth
- Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), Sognsveien 72, 0855, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marie J Dahlberg Persson
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Igor Eulaers
- Norwegian Polar Institute, FRAM Centre, 9296, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Oddmund Kleven
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Høgskoleringen 9, 7034, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Jonathan P Benskin
- Stockholm University, Department of Environmental Science, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Raed Awad
- Stockholm University, Department of Environmental Science, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden; IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, 10031, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jochen P Zubrod
- University of Koblenz-Landau, IES Landau, Fortstrasse 7, 76829, Landau, Germany; Zubrod Environmental Data Science, Friesenstrasse 20, 76829, Landau, Germany
| | - Ralf Schulz
- University of Koblenz-Landau, IES Landau, Fortstrasse 7, 76829, Landau, Germany
| | - Petter Wabakken
- Faculty of Applied Ecology, Agricultural Sciences and Biochemistry, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Evenstad, 2480, Koppang, Norway
| | - Oddvar Heggøy
- BirdLife Norway, Sandgata 30b, 7012, Trondheim, Norway; University Museum of Bergen, University of Bergen, 5020, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Magnus Johan Steinsvåg
- Department of Environmental Affairs, County Governor of Vestland, 6863, Leikanger, Norway
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Torgeir Nygård
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Høgskoleringen 9, 7034, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Grønnestad R, Johanson SM, Müller MHB, Schlenk D, Tanabe P, Krøkje Å, Jaspers VLB, Jenssen BM, Ræder EM, Lyche JL, Shi Q, Arukwe A. Effects of an environmentally relevant PFAS mixture on dopamine and steroid hormone levels in exposed mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 428:115670. [PMID: 34371090 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the dopaminergic and steroid hormone systems of A/J mice fed environmentally relevant concentrations of a perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) mixture over a period of 10 weeks. The PFAS mixture was chosen based on measured PFAS concentrations in earthworms at a Norwegian skiing area (Trondheim) and consisted of eight different PFAS. Dietary exposure to PFAS led to lower total brain dopamine (DA) concentrations in male mice, as compared to control. On the transcript level, brain tyrosine hydroxylase (th) of PFAS exposed males was reduced, compared to the control group. No significant differences were observed on the transcript levels of enzymes responsible for DA metabolism, namely - monoamine oxidase (maoa and maob) and catechol-O methyltransferase (comt). We detected increased transcript level for DA receptor 2 (dr2) in PFAS exposed females, while expression of DA receptor 1 (dr1), DA transporter (dat) and vesicular monoamine transporter (vmat) were not affected by PFAS exposure. Regarding the steroid hormones, plasma and muscle testosterone (T), 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) and 17β-estradiol (E2) levels, as well as transcripts for estrogen receptors (esr1 and esr2), gonadotropin releasing hormone (gnrh) and aromatase (cyp19) were unaltered by the PFAS treatment. These results indicate that exposure to PFAS doses, comparable to previous observation in earthworms at a Norwegian skiing area, may alter the dopaminergic system of mice with overt consequences for health, general physiology, cognitive behavior, reproduction and metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Randi Grønnestad
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Silje Modahl Johanson
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mette H B Müller
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway; Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Daniel Schlenk
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Philip Tanabe
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Åse Krøkje
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bjørn Munro Jenssen
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Biosciences, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Erik M Ræder
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan L Lyche
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Qingyang Shi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Augustine Arukwe
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Badry A, Jaspers VLB, Waugh CA. Environmental pollutants modulate RNA and DNA virus-activated miRNA-155 expression and innate immune system responses: Insights into new immunomodulative mechanisms. J Immunotoxicol 2021; 17:86-93. [PMID: 32233818 DOI: 10.1080/1547691x.2020.1740838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Many persistent organic pollutants, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), have high immunomodulating potentials. Exposure to them, in combination with virus infections, has been shown to aggravate outcomes of the infection, leading to increased viral titers and host mortality. Expression of immune-related microRNA (miR) signaling pathways (by host and/or virus) have been shown to be important in determining these outcomes; there is some evidence to suggest pollutants can cause dysregulation of miRNAs. It was thus hypothesized here that modulation of miRNAs (and associated cytokine genes) by pollutants exerts negative effects during viral infections. To test this, an in vitro study on chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) exposed to a PCB mixture (Aroclor 1260) and then stimulated with a synthetic RNA virus (poly(I:C)) or infected with a lymphoma-causing DNA virus (Gallid Herpes Virus 2 [GaHV-2]) was conducted. Using quantitative real-time PCR, expression patterns for mir-155, pro-inflammatory TNFα and IL-8, transcription factor NF-κB1, and anti-inflammatory IL-4 were investigated 8, 12, and 18 h after virus activation. The study showed that Aroclor1260 modulated mir-155 expression, such that a down-regulation of mir-155 in poly(I:C)-treated CEF was seen up to 12 h. Aroclor1260 exposure also increased the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory genes after 8 h in poly(I:C)-treated cells, but levels in GaHV-2-infected cells were unaffected. In contrast to with Aroclor1260/poly(I:C), Aroclor1260/GaHV-2-infected cells displayed an increase in mir-155 levels after 12 h compared to levels seen with either individual treatment. While after 12 h expression of most evaluated genes was down-regulated (independent of treatment regimen), by 18 h, up-regulation was evident again. In conclusion, this study added evidence that mir-155 signaling represents a sensitive pathway to chemically-induced immunomodulation and indicated that PCBs can modulate highly-regulated innate immune system signaling pathways important in determining host immune response outcomes during viral infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Badry
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Aquatic Ecology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Courtney A Waugh
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Steinkjer, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sun J, Letcher RJ, Waugh CA, Jaspers VLB, Covaci A, Fernie KJ. Influence of perfluoroalkyl acids and other parameters on circulating thyroid hormones and immune-related microRNA expression in free-ranging nestling peregrine falcons. Sci Total Environ 2021; 770:145346. [PMID: 33736417 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to certain perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) can have considerable effects on the endocrine and immune systems, although such effects remain largely uncharacterized in wildlife. Using an apex avian predator, we investigated possible relationships of thyroid hormones (THs), specifically free (F) and total (T) thyroxine (FT4; TT4) and triiodothyronine (FT3; TT3), and the expression of an immune-related microRNA biomarker (i.e., miR-155), with the concentrations of 11 PFAAs in nestling peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus). Nestling peregrines (n = 56; usually two chicks of each sex per nest) were blood sampled when 23 ± 4 days old in urban and rural regions of the Laurentian Great Lakes Basin (Ontario, Canada) in 2016 and 2018. The circulating concentrations of several PFAAs were significantly associated with THs and estimated thyroid gland activity (TT3:TT4; FT3:FT4), including PFHxS (FT3; FT3:FT4), PFDS (TT3; TT3:TT4), PFOA (TT4; FT3:FT4), PFTeDA (TT4; FT3:FT4), PFHxDA (TT4; TT3:TT4) and ΣPFCAs (TT4). Our novel evaluation of miR-155 in peregrine nestlings identified significantly negative relationships of plasma miR-155 counts with PFHxS and PFOA concentrations, indicating potential down-regulation of miR-155 expression and impaired immunity. Several PFAA homologues significantly predicted the variation in THs and miR-155 in conjunction with year (e.g., inter-annual differences in weather, ambient temperature, rainfall), region (urban/rural), nestling age, and/or diet (trophic position; δ15N), which suggests that multiple environmental and biological stressors, including PFAA exposure, influenced thyroid activity and immune function in these nestlings. Further research is warranted to identify the mechanisms and additional impacts of PFAA-related thyroid and immune disruption on the growth, development, and health risks in developing birds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Sun
- School of Environment, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, CN-510632 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Robert J Letcher
- Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division, Wildlife and Landscape Science Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Carleton University, K1A 0H3 Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Courtney A Waugh
- Environmental Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Environmental Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, BE-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Kim J Fernie
- Ecotoxicology and Wildlife Health Division, Wildlife and Landscape Science Directorate, Environment and Climate Change Canada, L7S 1A1 Burlington, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
González-Rubio S, Ballesteros-Gómez A, Asimakopoulos AG, Jaspers VLB. A review on contaminants of emerging concern in European raptors (2002-2020). Sci Total Environ 2021; 760:143337. [PMID: 33190891 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Raptors (birds of prey and owls) have been widely used as suitable bioindicators of environmental pollution. They occupy the highest trophic positions in their food chains and are documented to bioaccumulate high concentrations of persistent pollutants such as toxic metals and legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs).Whereas raptors played a critical role in developing awareness of and policy for chemical pollution, they have thus far played a much smaller role in current research on contaminants of emerging concern (CECs). Given the critical knowledge obtained from monitoring 'legacy contaminants' in raptors, more information on the levels and effects of CECs on raptors is urgently needed. This study critically reviews studies on raptors from Europe reporting the occurrence of CECs with focus on the investigated species, the sampled matrices, and the bioanalytical methods applied. Based on this, we aimed to identify future needs for monitoring CECs in Europe. Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), novel flame retardants (NFRs), and to a lesser extent UV-filters, neonicotinoids, chlorinated paraffins, parabens and bisphenols have been reported in European raptors. White-tailed Eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla), Peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) and Northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) were the most frequently studied raptor species. Among matrices, eggs, feathers and plasma were the most widely employed, although the potential role of the preen gland as an excretory organ for CECs has recently been proposed. This review highlights the following research priorities for pollution research on raptors in Europe: 1) studies covering all the main classes of CECs; 2) research in other European regions (mainly East Europe); 3) identification of the most suitable matrices and species for the analysis of different CECs; and 4) the application of alternative sample treatment strategies (e.g. QuEChERS or pressurized liquid extraction) is still limited and conventional solvent-extraction is the preferred choice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soledad González-Rubio
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry, Marie Curie Annex Building, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain; Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway; Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Ana Ballesteros-Gómez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry, Marie Curie Annex Building, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Alexandros G Asimakopoulos
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Grønnestad R, Schlenk D, Krøkje Å, Jaspers VLB, Jenssen BM, Coffin S, Bertotto LB, Giroux M, Lyche JL, Arukwe A. Alteration of neuro-dopamine and steroid hormone homeostasis in wild Bank voles in relation to tissue concentrations of PFAS at a Nordic skiing area. Sci Total Environ 2021; 756:143745. [PMID: 33250251 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are contaminants that are applied in a wide range of consumer products, including ski products. The present study investigated the neuro-dopamine (DA) and cellular steroid hormone homeostasis of wild Bank voles (Myodes glareolus) from a skiing area in Norway (Trondheim), in relation to tissue concentrations of PFAS. We found a positive association between brain DA concentrations and the concentration of several PFAS, while there was a negative association between PFAS and dopamine receptor 1 (dr1) mRNA. The ratio between DA and its metabolites (3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid: DOPAC and homovanillic acid: HVA) showed a negative association between DOPAC/DA and several PFAS, suggesting that PFAS altered the metabolism of DA via monoamine oxidase (Mao). This assumption is supported by an observed negative association between mao mRNA and PFAS. Previous studies have shown that DA homeostasis can indirectly regulate cellular estrogen (E2) and testosterone (T) biosynthesis. We found no association between DA and steroid hormone levels, while there was a negative association between some PFAS and T concentrations, suggesting that PFAS might affect T through other mechanisms. The results from the current study indicate that PFAS may alter neuro-DA and steroid hormone homeostasis in Bank voles, with potential consequences on reproduction and general health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Randi Grønnestad
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Daniel Schlenk
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Åse Krøkje
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bjørn Munro Jenssen
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Biosciences, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Scott Coffin
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | | | - Marissa Giroux
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Jan L Lyche
- Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Augustine Arukwe
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Issa S, Simonsen A, Jaspers VLB, Einum S. Population dynamics and resting egg production in Daphnia: Interactive effects of mercury, population density and temperature. Sci Total Environ 2021; 755:143625. [PMID: 33221017 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Toxicity studies on freshwater organisms are commonly conducted by quantifying effects on asexual (clonal) reproductive rates in Daphnia, whereas studies of effects on sexual reproductive rates remain relatively rare. Sexual reproduction in Daphnia and the associated production of resting eggs allows them to survive unfavorable environmental conditions and is thus a crucial component of their long-term fitness. It also maintains genetic diversity within Daphnia populations and hence their potential for adaptation to new environmental conditions. This aspect of their biology may therefore be important to consider in toxicity studies. The aim of this study was to investigate for the first time how mercury (Hg) affects sexual versus asexual reproduction in Daphnia under varying environmental conditions. Specifically, we experimentally tested the interactive effects of Hg and temperature on the population dynamics of Daphnia magna. For this purpose, we exposed D. magna to environmentally relevant concentrations (0 μg/L, 0.5 μg/L and 2 μg/L) of Hg (in the form of mercury (II) chloride) found in stream water and measured biomass growth rate resulting from asexual reproduction, and resting egg production resulting from sexual reproduction. This was done at both 17 °C and 24 °C. Biomass growth rate did not vary across Hg treatments and depended mainly on temperature and population density. Density dependence of biomass growth rate was indeed more pronounced at 24 °C than at 17 °C, as resource limitation from intraspecific competition was further exacerbated by the rise in feeding rates with temperature. Density dependence of resting egg production was unaffected by Hg and temperature, but resting egg production was higher under Hg exposure at low temperature. These findings show that depending on environmental conditions, rates of sexual reproduction in D. magna may respond to metal exposure at lower concentrations than those impacting population growth during the asexual phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Semona Issa
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Ane Simonsen
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sigurd Einum
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dietz R, Fort J, Sonne C, Albert C, Bustnes JO, Christensen TK, Ciesielski TM, Danielsen J, Dastnai S, Eens M, Erikstad KE, Galatius A, Garbus SE, Gilg O, Hanssen SA, Helander B, Helberg M, Jaspers VLB, Jenssen BM, Jónsson JE, Kauhala K, Kolbeinsson Y, Kyhn LA, Labansen AL, Larsen MM, Lindstøm U, Reiertsen TK, Rigét FF, Roos A, Strand J, Strøm H, Sveegaard S, Søndergaard J, Sun J, Teilmann J, Therkildsen OR, Thórarinsson TL, Tjørnløv RS, Wilson S, Eulaers I. A risk assessment of the effects of mercury on Baltic Sea, Greater North Sea and North Atlantic wildlife, fish and bivalves. Environ Int 2021; 146:106178. [PMID: 33246245 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A wide range of species, including marine mammals, seabirds, birds of prey, fish and bivalves, were investigated for potential population health risks resulting from contemporary (post 2000) mercury (Hg) exposure, using novel risk thresholds based on literature and de novo contamination data. The main geographic focus is on the Baltic Sea, while data from the same species in adjacent waters, such as the Greater North Sea and North Atlantic, were included for comparative purposes. For marine mammals, 23% of the groups, each composing individuals of a specific sex and maturity from the same species in a specific study region, showed Hg-concentrations within the High Risk Category (HRC) and Severe Risk Category (SRC). The corresponding percentages for seabirds, fish and bivalves were 2.7%, 25% and 8.0%, respectively, although fish and bivalves were not represented in the SRC. Juveniles from all species showed to be at no or low risk. In comparison to the same species in the adjacent waters, i.e. the Greater North Sea and the North Atlantic, the estimated risk for Baltic populations is not considerably higher. These findings suggest that over the past few decades the Baltic Sea has improved considerably with respect to presenting Hg exposure to its local species, while it does still carry a legacy of elevated Hg levels resulting from high neighbouring industrial and agricultural activity and slow water turnover regime.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rune Dietz
- Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - Jérôme Fort
- LIENSs, UMR 7266 CNRS-La Rochelle Université, 2 Rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France
| | - Christian Sonne
- Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Céline Albert
- LIENSs, UMR 7266 CNRS-La Rochelle Université, 2 Rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France
| | - Jan Ove Bustnes
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), FRAM Centre, 9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Tomasz Maciej Ciesielski
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jóhannis Danielsen
- The Faroese Marine Research Institute, Nóatún 1, 100 Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Sam Dastnai
- Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Marcel Eens
- Behavioural Ecology & Ecophysiology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Kjell Einar Erikstad
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), FRAM Centre, 9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Anders Galatius
- Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Svend-Erik Garbus
- Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Olivier Gilg
- UMR 6249 Chrono-environnement, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16 route de Gray, 25000 Besançon, France; Groupe de Recherche en Ecologie Arctique, 16 rue de Vernot, 21440 Francheville, France
| | - Sveinn Are Hanssen
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), FRAM Centre, 9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Björn Helander
- Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Contaminant Research, Frescativägen 40, PO Box 50007, 104 18 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Morten Helberg
- CEES, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bjørn Munro Jenssen
- Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jón Einar Jónsson
- Northeast Iceland Nature Research Centre, Hafnarstétt 3, 640 Húsavík, Iceland
| | - Kaarina Kauhala
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, LUKE, Itäinen Pitkäkatu 4A, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Yann Kolbeinsson
- Northeast Iceland Nature Research Centre, Hafnarstétt 3, 640 Húsavík, Iceland
| | - Line Anker Kyhn
- Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Aili Lage Labansen
- Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Kivioq 2, PO Box 570, 3900 Nuuk, Greenland
| | - Martin Mørk Larsen
- Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Ulf Lindstøm
- Institute of Marine Research, FRAM Centre, 9007 Tromsø, Norway; UiT Norwegian Arctic University, Institute of Arctic and Marine Biology, Dramsveien 201, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Tone K Reiertsen
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), FRAM Centre, 9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Frank F Rigét
- Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Anna Roos
- Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Contaminant Research, Frescativägen 40, PO Box 50007, 104 18 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jakob Strand
- Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Hallvard Strøm
- Norwegian Polar Institute, FRAM Centre, PO Box 6606 Langnes, 9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Signe Sveegaard
- Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jens Søndergaard
- Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Jiachen Sun
- Behavioural Ecology & Ecophysiology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; School of Environment, Jinan University, West Huangpu Avenue 601, 510632 Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jonas Teilmann
- Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | | | - Rune Skjold Tjørnløv
- Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Simon Wilson
- Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP) Secretariat, FRAM Centre, PO Box 6606 Langnes, 9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Igor Eulaers
- Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Espín S, Andevski J, Duke G, Eulaers I, Gómez-Ramírez P, Hallgrimsson GT, Helander B, Herzke D, Jaspers VLB, Krone O, Lourenço R, María-Mojica P, Martínez-López E, Mateo R, Movalli P, Sánchez-Virosta P, Shore RF, Sonne C, van den Brink NW, van Hattum B, Vrezec A, Wernham C, García-Fernández AJ. A schematic sampling protocol for contaminant monitoring in raptors. Ambio 2021; 50:95-100. [PMID: 32399779 PMCID: PMC7708607 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-020-01341-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Birds of prey, owls and falcons are widely used as sentinel species in raptor biomonitoring programmes. A major current challenge is to facilitate large-scale biomonitoring by coordinating contaminant monitoring activities and by building capacity across countries. This requires sharing, dissemination and adoption of best practices addressed by the Networking Programme Research and Monitoring for and with Raptors in Europe (EURAPMON) and now being advanced by the ongoing international COST Action European Raptor Biomonitoring Facility. The present perspective introduces a schematic sampling protocol for contaminant monitoring in raptors. We provide guidance on sample collection with a view to increasing sampling capacity across countries, ensuring appropriate quality of samples and facilitating harmonization of procedures to maximize the reliability, comparability and interoperability of data. The here presented protocol can be used by professionals and volunteers as a standard guide to ensure harmonised sampling methods for contaminant monitoring in raptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Espín
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Jovan Andevski
- Vulture Conservation Foundation, Wuhrstrasse 12, 8003 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Guy Duke
- Environmental Change Institute, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QY UK
| | - Igor Eulaers
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, POBox 358, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Pilar Gómez-Ramírez
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Gunnar Thor Hallgrimsson
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 7, 102 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Björn Helander
- Environmental Research and Monitoring, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Frescativägen 40, PO Box 50007, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dorte Herzke
- NILU – Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Hjalmar Johansen Gate 14, 9296 Tromsö, Norway
| | - Veerle L. B. Jaspers
- Environmental Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Oliver Krone
- Department of Wildlife Diseases, Leibniz Institut for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rui Lourenço
- MED - Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, LabOr, IIFA, Univ. Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - Pedro María-Mojica
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Santa Faz” Wildlife Rehabilitation Centre, Alicante, Generalitat Valenciana Spain
| | - Emma Martínez-López
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Rafael Mateo
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC–CSIC, UCLMJCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Paola Movalli
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Pablo Sánchez-Virosta
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Richard F. Shore
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4AP UK
| | - Christian Sonne
- Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Technical Sciences, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, POBox 358, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Nico W. van den Brink
- Sub-Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University, Box 8000, 6700 EA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bert van Hattum
- Dep. Environment and Health, Faculty of Science, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Al Vrezec
- Department of Organisms and Ecosystems Research, National Institute of Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Slovenian Museum of Natural History, Prešernova 20, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Chris Wernham
- British Trust for Ornithology (Scotland), Unit 15 Beta Centre, Stirling University, Innovation Park, Stirling, FK9 4NF Scotland
| | - Antonio J. García-Fernández
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
González-Rubio S, Vike-Jonas K, Gonzalez SV, Ballesteros-Gómez A, Sonne C, Dietz R, Boertmann D, Rasmussen LM, Jaspers VLB, Asimakopoulos AG. Bioaccumulation potential of bisphenols and benzophenone UV filters: A multiresidue approach in raptor tissues. Sci Total Environ 2020; 741:140330. [PMID: 32615426 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Environmental exposure to bisphenols and benzophenone UV filters has received considerable attention due to the ubiquitous occurrence of these contaminants in the environment and their potential adverse health effects. The occurrence of bisphenols and benzophenone UV filters is well established in human populations, but data is scarce for wildlife, and especially for raptors (birds of prey, falcons and owls). In this study, concentrations of eight bisphenols and five benzophenone UV filters were determined in six raptor tissues, including muscle, kidney, liver, brain, preen gland (uropygial gland) and adipose. The tissue samples (n = 44) were taken from dead raptor species (1997-2011), including Eurasian sparrowhawks (Accipiter nisus, n = 2) and long-eared owls (Asio otus, n = 2), both from France, and white-tailed eagles (Haliaeetus albicilla, n = 16) from Greenland. Overall, six bisphenols and four benzophenone UV filters were found in the samples. Bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol F (BPF), benzophenone-8 (BzP-8) and 4-hydroxybenzophenone (4-OH-BzP) were the most abundant contaminants, accounting for median concentrations of 67.5, 3.01, 27.1 and 9.70 ng/g wet weight (w.w.), respectively. The potential role of the preen gland as a major excretory organ for bisphenols and benzophenone UV filters was suggested since the median sum concentration of the two contaminant classes in the white-tailed eagle tissues showed higher bioaccumulation potential in the preen gland (5.86 ng/g w.w.) than the liver (2.92) and kidney (0.71). The concentrations of these contaminants in the tissues of the three raptor species indicated a pattern of increasing detection rates and median concentrations with an increase of the species size and their expected trophic position. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first peer-reviewed study to document multiresidues of both contaminant classes in raptor tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soledad González-Rubio
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry, Marie Curie Annex Building, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.; Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway.; Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristine Vike-Jonas
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Susana V Gonzalez
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ana Ballesteros-Gómez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemistry and Nanochemistry, Marie Curie Annex Building, Campus of Rabanales, University of Córdoba, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Christian Sonne
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Rune Dietz
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - David Boertmann
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway..
| | - Alexandros G Asimakopoulos
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway..
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Badry A, Krone O, Jaspers VLB, Mateo R, García-Fernández A, Leivits M, Shore RF. Towards harmonisation of chemical monitoring using avian apex predators: Identification of key species for pan-European biomonitoring. Sci Total Environ 2020; 731:139198. [PMID: 32422436 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Biomonitoring in raptors can be used to study long-term and large-scale changes in environmental pollution. In Europe, such monitoring is needed to assess environmental risks and outcomes of chemicals regulation, which is harmonised across the European Union. To be effective, the most appropriate sentinels need to be monitored. Our aim was to identify which European raptor species are the likely most appropriate biomonitors when pollutant quantification is based on analysing tissues. Our current study was restricted to terrestrial exposure pathways and considered four priority pollutant groups: toxic metals (lead and mercury), anticoagulant rodenticides, pesticides and medicinal products. We evaluated information on the distribution and key ecological traits (food web, foraging trait, diet, preferred habitat, and migratory behaviour) of European raptors to identify the most appropriate sentinel species. Common buzzard (Buteo buteo) and/or tawny owl (Strix aluco) proved the most suitable candidates for many of the pollutants considered. Moreover, they are abundant in Europe, enhancing the likelihood that samples can be collected. However, other species may be better sentinels for certain pollutants, such as the golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) for lead, the northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) for mercury across areas including Northern Europe, and vultures (where they occur in Europe) are likely best suited for monitoring non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Overall, however, we argue the selection of candidate species for widescale monitoring of a range of pollutants can be reduced to very few raptor species. We recommend that the common buzzard and tawny owl should be the initial focus of any pan-European raptor monitoring. The lack of previous widespread monitoring using these species suggests that their utility as sentinels for environmnetal pollution has not been widely recognised. Finally, although the current study focussed on Europe, our trait-based approach for identifying raptor biomonitors can be applied to other continents and contaminants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Badry
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Department of Wildlife Diseases, Alfred-Kowalke-Straße 17, 10315 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Oliver Krone
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Department of Wildlife Diseases, Alfred-Kowalke-Straße 17, 10315 Berlin, Germany
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Rafael Mateo
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, IREC (CSIC, UCLM, JCCM), Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Antonio García-Fernández
- Toxicology and Risk Assessment Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Espinardo Campus, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Madis Leivits
- Chair of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 62, 51006 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Richard F Shore
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg LA1 4AP, UK
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Issa S, Gamelon M, Ciesielski TM, Vike-Jonas K, Asimakopoulos AG, Jaspers VLB, Einum S. Dopamine mediates life-history responses to food abundance in Daphnia. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20201069. [PMID: 32605517 PMCID: PMC7423461 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.1069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of adaptive reaction norms of life-history traits to spatio-temporal variation in food availability is crucial for individual fitness. Yet little is known about the neural signalling mechanisms underlying these reaction norms. Previous studies suggest a role for the dopamine system in regulating behavioural and morphological responses to food across a wide range of taxa. We tested whether this neural signalling system also regulates life-history reaction norms by exposing the zooplankton Daphnia magna to both dopamine and the dopamine reuptake inhibitor bupropion, an antidepressant that enters aquatic environments via various pathways. We recorded a range of life-history traits across two food levels. Both treatments induced changes to the life-history reaction norm slopes. These were due to the effects of the treatments being more pronounced at restricted food ration, where controls had lower somatic growth rates, higher age and larger size at maturation. This translated into a higher population growth rate (r) of dopamine and bupropion treatments when food was restricted. Our findings show that the dopamine system is an important regulatory mechanism underlying life-history trait responses to food abundance and that bupropion can strongly influence the life history of aquatic species such as D. magna. We discuss why D. magna do not evolve towards higher endogenous dopamine levels despite the apparent fitness benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Semona Issa
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marlène Gamelon
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tomasz Maciej Ciesielski
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristine Vike-Jonas
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Alexandros G Asimakopoulos
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sigurd Einum
- Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sun J, Covaci A, Bustnes JO, Jaspers VLB, Helander B, Bårdsen BJ, Boertmann D, Dietz R, Labansen AL, Lepoint G, Schulz R, Malarvannan G, Sonne C, Thorup K, Tøttrup AP, Zubrod JP, Eens M, Eulaers I. Temporal trends of legacy organochlorines in different white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) subpopulations: A retrospective investigation using archived feathers. Environ Int 2020; 138:105618. [PMID: 32169675 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the spatiotemporal patterns of legacy organochlorines (OCs) is often difficult because monitoring practices differ among studies, fragmented study periods, and unaccounted confounding by ecological variables. We therefore reconstructed long-term (1939-2015) and large-scale (West Greenland, Norway, and central Sweden) trends of major legacy OCs using white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) body feathers, to understand the exposure dynamics in regions with different contamination sources and concentrations, as well as the effectiveness of legislations. We included dietary proxies (δ13C and δ15N) in temporal trend models to control for potential dietary plasticity. Consistent with the hypothesised high local pollution sources, levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) and hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) in the Swedish subpopulation exceeded those in the other subpopulations. In contrast, chlordanes (CHLs) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) showed higher concentrations in Greenland, suggesting the importance of long-range transport. The models showed significantly decreasing trends for all OCs in Sweden in 1968-2011 except for CHLs, which only decreased since the 1980s. Nevertheless, median concentrations of DDTs and PCBs remained elevated in the Swedish subpopulation throughout the 1970s, suggesting that the decreases only commenced after the implementation of regulations during the 1970s. We observed significant trends of increasing concentrations of PCBs, CHLs and HCB in Norway from the 1930s to the 1970s/1980s and decreasing concentrations thereafter. All OC concentrations, except those of PCBs were generally significantly decreasing in the Greenland subpopulation in 1985-2013. All three subpopulations showed generally increasing proportions of the more persistent compounds (CB 153, p.p'-DDE and β-HCH) and decreasing proportions of the less persistent ones (CB 52, p.p'-DDT, α- and γ-HCH). Declining trends of OC concentrations may imply the decreasing influence of legacy OCs in these subpopulations. Finally, our results demonstrate the usefulness of archived museum feathers in retrospective monitoring of spatiotemporal trends of legacy OCs using birds of prey as sentinels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Sun
- Behavioural Ecology & Ecophysiology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Jan Ove Bustnes
- Arctic Ecology Department, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, FRAM - High North Research Centre on Climate and the Environment, Hjalmar Johansens Gate 14, PO Box 6606, 9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Environmental Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Björn Helander
- Environmental Research & Monitoring, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Frescativägen 40, PO Box 50007, 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bård-Jørgen Bårdsen
- Arctic Ecology Department, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, FRAM - High North Research Centre on Climate and the Environment, Hjalmar Johansens Gate 14, PO Box 6606, 9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - David Boertmann
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Rune Dietz
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Aili Lage Labansen
- Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Kivioq 2, PO Box 570, GL-3900 Nuuk, Greenland
| | - Gilles Lepoint
- MARE Centre, Oceanology, University of Liège, Allée de la Chimie 3, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Ralf Schulz
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, 76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Govindan Malarvannan
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Christian Sonne
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Kasper Thorup
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders P Tøttrup
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Jochen P Zubrod
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, 76829 Landau, Germany
| | - Marcel Eens
- Behavioural Ecology & Ecophysiology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Igor Eulaers
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Issa S, Ciesielski TM, Mikkelsen Ø, Einum S, Jaspers VLB. Biofilms grown in aquatic microcosms affect mercury and selenium accumulation in Daphnia. Ecotoxicology 2020; 29:485-492. [PMID: 32297060 PMCID: PMC7182615 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02194-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Experiments examining mercury (Hg) toxicity in Daphnia are usually conducted in highly standardized conditions that prevent the formation of biofilm. Although such standardization has many advantages, extrapolation of results to natural conditions and inference of ecological effects is challenging. This is especially true since biofilms can accumulate metals/metalloids and play a key role in their transfer to higher trophic level organisms. In this study, we experimentally tested the effects of spontaneously appearing biofilm in Daphnia cultures on accumulation of Hg and its natural antagonist selenium (Se) in Daphnia magna. We added Hg (in the form of mercury (II) chloride) at two concentrations (0.2 µg/L and 2 µg/L) to experimental microcosms and measured the uptake of Hg and Se by D. magna in the presence and absence of biofilm. To test for consistent and replicable results, we ran two identical experimental sets one week apart. Biofilm presence significantly reduced the accumulation of Hg, while increasing the tissue Se content in D. magna, and these findings were reproducible across experimental sets. These findings indicate that highly standardized tests may not be adequate to predict the bioaccumulation and potential toxicity of metals/metalloids under natural conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Semona Issa
- Department of Biology, Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Tomasz Maciej Ciesielski
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Øyvind Mikkelsen
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sigurd Einum
- Department of Biology, Centre for Biodiversity Dynamics (CBD), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lee MM, Jaspers VLB, Gabrielsen GW, Jenssen BM, Ciesielski TM, Mortensen ÅK, Lundgren SS, Waugh CA. Evidence of avian influenza virus in seabirds breeding on a Norwegian high-Arctic archipelago. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:48. [PMID: 32028933 PMCID: PMC7006154 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-2265-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Wild aquatic birds serve as the natural reservoir for avian influenza virus (AIV), a disease with significant implications for avian and mammalian health. Climate change is predicted to impact the dynamics of AIV, particularly in areas such as the Arctic, but the baseline data needed to detect these shifts is often unavailable. In this study, plasma from two species of gulls breeding on the high-Arctic Svalbard archipelago were screened for antibodies to AIV. Results AIV antibodies were found in black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla) samples from multiple years, as well as in glaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreous) samples. Conclusions Despite small sample sizes, evidence of exposure to AIV was found among Svalbard gulls. A wider survey of Svalbard avian species is warranted to establish knowledge on the extent of AIV exposure on Svalbard and to determine whether active infections are present.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan Marie Lee
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Biological Sciences Program, Goucher College, 1021 Dulaney Valley Road, Baltimore, MD, 21204, USA
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Geir Wing Gabrielsen
- Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Postbox 6606 Langnes, NO-9296, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Bjørn Munro Jenssen
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tomasz Maciej Ciesielski
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Åse-Karen Mortensen
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Silje Strand Lundgren
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Courtney A Waugh
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway. .,Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Steinkjer, Trøndelag, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Grønnestad R, Vázquez BP, Arukwe A, Jaspers VLB, Jenssen BM, Karimi M, Lyche JL, Krøkje Å. Levels, Patterns, and Biomagnification Potential of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in a Terrestrial Food Chain in a Nordic Skiing Area. Environ Sci Technol 2019; 53:13390-13397. [PMID: 31691564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b02533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are used in a wide range of consumer products, including ski products, such as ski waxes. However, there is limited knowledge on the release of PFASs from such products into the environment and the resultant uptake in biota and transport in food webs. We investigated levels, patterns, and biomagnification of PFASs in soil, earthworms (Eisenia fetida), and Bank voles (Myodes glareolus) from a skiing area in Trondheim, Norway. In general, there was higher PFAS levels in the skiing area compared to the reference area with no skiing activities. The skiing area was dominated by long-chained perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs, ≥70%), while the reference area was dominated by short-chained PFCAs (>60%). The soil PFAS pattern in the skiing area was comparable to analyzed ski waxes, indicating that ski products are important sources of PFASs in the skiing area. A biomagnification factor (BMF) > 1 was detected for Bank volewhole/earthwormwhole for perfluorooctansulfonate in the skiing area. All other PFASs showed a BMF < 1. However, it should be noted that these organisms represent the base of the terrestrial food web, and PFASs originating from ski wax may result to higher exposure in organisms at the top of the food chain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Randi Grønnestad
- Department of Biology , Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) , NO-7491 Trondheim , Norway
| | - Berta Pérez Vázquez
- Department of Biology , Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) , NO-7491 Trondheim , Norway
| | - Augustine Arukwe
- Department of Biology , Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) , NO-7491 Trondheim , Norway
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology , Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) , NO-7491 Trondheim , Norway
| | - Bjørn Munro Jenssen
- Department of Biology , Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) , NO-7491 Trondheim , Norway
| | - Mahin Karimi
- Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology , Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU) , NO-0033 Oslo , Norway
| | - Jan L Lyche
- Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology , Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU) , NO-0033 Oslo , Norway
| | - Åse Krøkje
- Department of Biology , Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) , NO-7491 Trondheim , Norway
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sun J, Bossi R, Bustnes JO, Helander B, Boertmann D, Dietz R, Herzke D, Jaspers VLB, Labansen AL, Lepoint G, Schulz R, Sonne C, Thorup K, Tøttrup AP, Zubrod JP, Eens M, Eulaers I. White-Tailed Eagle ( Haliaeetus albicilla) Body Feathers Document Spatiotemporal Trends of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in the Northern Environment. Environ Sci Technol 2019; 53:12744-12753. [PMID: 31599575 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b03514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We reconstructed the first long-term (1968-2015) spatiotemporal trends of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) using archived body feathers of white-tailed eagles (Haliaeetus albicilla) from the West Greenland (n = 31), Norwegian (n = 66), and Central Swedish Baltic coasts (n = 50). We observed significant temporal trends of perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), and perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (∑PFCAs) in all three subpopulations. Concentrations of FOSA and PFOS had started decreasing significantly since the mid-1990s to 2000 in the Greenland and Norwegian subpopulations, consistent with the 3M phase-out, though in sharp contrast to overall increasing trends observed in the Swedish subpopulation. Moreover, ∑PFCA concentrations significantly increased in all three subpopulations throughout the study periods. These temporal trends suggest on-going input of PFOS in the Baltic and of ∑PFCAs in all three regions. Considerable spatial variation in PFAS concentrations and profiles was observed: PFOS concentrations were significantly higher in Sweden, whereas FOSA and ∑PFCA concentrations were similar among the subpopulations. PFOS dominated the PFAS profiles in the Swedish and Norwegian subpopulations, in contrast to the domination of FOSA and ∑PFCAs in the Greenland one. Our spatiotemporal observations underline the usefulness of archived bird of prey feathers in monitoring spatiotemporal PFAS trends and urge for continued monitoring efforts in each of the studied subpopulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Sun
- Behavioural Ecology & Ecophysiology Group, Department of Biology , University of Antwerp , Universiteitsplein 1 , BE-2610 Wilrijk , Belgium
| | | | - Jan Ove Bustnes
- Unit for Arctic Ecology , Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), FRAM - High North Research Centre for Climate and the Environment , Hjalmar Johansens gate 14 , P. O. Box 6606, NO-9296 Tromsø , Norway
| | - Björn Helander
- Environmental Research & Monitoring , Swedish Museum of Natural History , Frescativägen 40 , P. O. Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm , Sweden
| | | | | | - Dorte Herzke
- NILU, Norwegian Institute for Air Research, FRAM - High North Research Centre for Climate and the Environment , Hjalmar Johansens gate 14 , NO-9296 Tromsø , Norway
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Environmental Toxicology Group, Department of Biology , Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Høgskoleringen 5 , NO-7491 Trondheim , Norway
| | - Aili Lage Labansen
- Greenland Institute of Natural Resources , Kivioq 2 , P. O. Box 570, GL-3900 Nuuk , Greenland
| | - Gilles Lepoint
- MARE Centre, Oceanology , University of Liège , Allée de la Chimie 3 , BE-4000 Liège , Belgium
| | - Ralf Schulz
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences , University of Koblenz-Landau , Fortstrasse 7 , DE-76829 Landau , Germany
| | | | - Kasper Thorup
- Natural History Museum of Denmark , University of Copenhagen , Øster Voldgade 5-7 , DK-1350 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Anders P Tøttrup
- Natural History Museum of Denmark , University of Copenhagen , Øster Voldgade 5-7 , DK-1350 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Jochen P Zubrod
- iES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences , University of Koblenz-Landau , Fortstrasse 7 , DE-76829 Landau , Germany
| | - Marcel Eens
- Behavioural Ecology & Ecophysiology Group, Department of Biology , University of Antwerp , Universiteitsplein 1 , BE-2610 Wilrijk , Belgium
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lee MM, Jaspers VLB, Løseth ME, Briels N, Nygård T, Bustnes JO, Waugh CA. No evidence of avian influenza antibodies in two species of raptor nestlings inhabiting Norway. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:375. [PMID: 31660964 PMCID: PMC6816168 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-2133-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Since 2016, incursions of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N8 clade 2.3.4.4b have caused unprecedented clinical signs and mortality in white-tailed eagles (WTE; Haliaeetus albicilla) across Europe and have been found to be infecting other raptor species, such as the northern goshawk (NG; Accipiter gentilis). Before this study, no screening of Norwegian raptors had been undertaken. Results Plasma samples from 43 white-tailed eagle and 29 northern goshawk nestlings, from several locations across Norway were screened for antibodies to avian influenza viruses. No antibodies, and thus, no evidence of AIV exposure, were found in these Norwegian raptors. No clinical signs of AIV were observed in 43 white tailed eagles and 29 northern goshawks. Conclusions There are currently no indications that white-tailed eagles and northern goshawks inhabiting Norway are threatened by the recent HPAIV outbreaks in other areas of Europe. Ongoing monitoring should, however, be maintained to detect potential future outbreaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megan Marie Lee
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Biological Sciences Program, Goucher College, 1021 Dulaney Valley Road, Baltimore, MD, 21204, USA
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Mari E Løseth
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Nathalie Briels
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Torgeir Nygård
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Høgskoleringen 9, 7034, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jan Ove Bustnes
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Høgskoleringen 9, 7034, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Courtney A Waugh
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway. .,Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Steinkjer, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sun J, Bustnes JO, Helander B, Bårdsen BJ, Boertmann D, Dietz R, Jaspers VLB, Labansen AL, Lepoint G, Schulz R, Søndergaard J, Sonne C, Thorup K, Tøttrup AP, Zubrod JP, Eens M, Eulaers I. Temporal trends of mercury differ across three northern white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) subpopulations. Sci Total Environ 2019; 687:77-86. [PMID: 31203010 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The spatiotemporal trends of mercury (Hg) are crucial for the understanding of this ubiquitous and toxic contaminant. However, uncertainties often arise from comparison among studies using different species, analytical and statistical methods. The long-term temporal trends of Hg exposure were reconstructed for a key sentinel species, the white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla). Body feathers were sampled from museum collections covering 150 years in time (from 1866 to 2015) from West Greenland (n = 124), Norway (n = 102), and Sweden (n = 87). A significant non-linear trend was observed in the Norwegian subpopulation, with a 60% increase in exposure occurring from 1866 to 1957 followed by a 40% decline until 2015. In the Swedish subpopulation, studied at a later period, the Hg exposure showed a drastic decline of 70% from 1967 to 2011. In contrast, no significant trend could be observed in the Greenland subpopulation. The additional analysis of dietary proxies (δ13C and δ15N) in general increased performance of the temporal trend models, but this was dependent on the subpopulation and study period. The downward trend of Hg coincided with the decreasing δ13C and δ15N in the Norwegian subpopulation, suggesting a potential dietary mitigation of Hg contamination. Hg exposure in both the Greenland and Norwegian subpopulations was consistently below the suggested threshold for adverse health effects (40.0 μg g-1), while the maximum exposure in the Swedish subpopulation was distinctively elevated (median: 46.0 μg g-1) and still remains well above natural background concentrations (maximum 5.0 μg g-1).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Sun
- Behavioural Ecology & Ecophysiology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Jan Ove Bustnes
- Arctic Ecology Department, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), FRAM Centre, NO-9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Björn Helander
- Environmental Research & Monitoring, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Frescativägen 40, PO Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bård-Jørgen Bårdsen
- Arctic Ecology Department, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), FRAM Centre, NO-9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - David Boertmann
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Rune Dietz
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Environmental Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Aili Lage Labansen
- Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Kivioq 2, PO Box 570, GL-3900 Nuuk, Greenland
| | - Gilles Lepoint
- MARE Centre, Oceanology, University of Liège, Allée de la Chimie 3, BE-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Ralf Schulz
- iES, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, DE-76829 Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
| | - Jens Søndergaard
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Christian Sonne
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Kasper Thorup
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders P Tøttrup
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jochen P Zubrod
- iES, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, DE-76829 Landau in der Pfalz, Germany
| | - Marcel Eens
- Behavioural Ecology & Ecophysiology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Igor Eulaers
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Briels N, Ciesielski TM, Herzke D, Jaspers VLB. Correction to Developmental Toxicity of Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and Its Chlorinated Polyfluoroalkyl Ether Sulfonate Alternative F-53B in the Domestic Chicken. Environ Sci Technol 2019; 53:11614. [PMID: 31524384 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b05021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
|
30
|
Løseth ME, Flo J, Sonne C, Krogh AKH, Nygård T, Bustnes JO, Jenssen BM, Jaspers VLB. The influence of natural variation and organohalogenated contaminants on physiological parameters in white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) nestlings from Norway. Environ Res 2019; 177:108586. [PMID: 31377582 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Environmental exposure to organohalogenated contaminants (OHCs), even at low concentrations, may cause detrimental effects on the development and health of wild birds. The present study investigated if environmental exposure to OHCs may influence the variation of multiple physiological parameters in Norwegian white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) nestlings. Plasma and feather samples were obtained from 70 nestlings at two archipelagos in Norway in 2015 and 2016. The selected physiological parameters were plasma concentrations of thyroid hormones (thyroxine, T4 and triiodothyronine, T3), plasma proteins (prealbumin, albumin, α1-, α2-, β- and γ-globulins) and selected blood clinical chemical parameters (BCCPs) associated with liver and kidney functioning. Feather concentrations of corticosterone (CORTf) were also included to investigate the overall stress level of the nestlings. Concentrations of all studied physiological parameters were within the ranges of those found in other species of free-living birds of prey nestlings and indicated that the white-tailed eagle nestlings were in good health. Our statistical models indicated that perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and legacy OHCs, such as polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorinated pesticides and polybrominated diphenyl ethers, influenced only a minor fraction of the variation of plasma thyroid hormones, prealbumin and CORTf (5-15%), and partly explained the selected BCCPs (<26%). Most of the variation in each studied physiological parameter was explained by variation between nests, which is most likely due to natural physiological variation of nestlings in these nests. This indicates the importance of accounting for between nest variation in future studies. In the present nestlings, OHC concentrations were relatively low and seem to have played a secondary role compared to natural variation concerning the variation of physiological parameters. However, our study also indicates a potential for OHC-induced effects on thyroid hormones, CORTf, prealbumin and BCCPs, which could be of concern in birds exposed to higher OHC concentrations than the present white-tailed eagle nestlings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mari Engvig Løseth
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Jørgen Flo
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Christian Sonne
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Aarhus University (AU), DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Anne Kirstine Havnsøe Krogh
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen (UCPH), Frederiksberg C, DK-1870, Denmark
| | - Torgeir Nygård
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), NO-7034, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jan Ove Bustnes
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), FRAM - High North Research Centre on Climate and the Environment, NO-9007, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Bjørn Munro Jenssen
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Movalli P, Duke G, Ramello G, Dekker R, Vrezec A, Shore RF, García-Fernández A, Wernham C, Krone O, Alygizakis N, Badry A, Barbagli F, Biesmeijer K, Boano G, Bond AL, Choresh Y, Christensen JB, Cincinelli A, Danielsson S, Dias A, Dietz R, Eens M, Espín S, Eulaers I, Frahnert S, Fuiz TI, Gkotsis G, Glowacka N, Gómez-Ramírez P, Grotti M, Guiraud M, Hosner P, Johansson U, Jaspers VLB, Kamminga P, Koschorreck J, Knopf B, Kubin E, Brutto SL, Lourenco R, Martellini T, Martínez-López E, Mateo R, Nika MC, Nikolopoulou V, Osborn D, Pauwels O, Pavia M, Pereira MG, Rüdel H, Sanchez-Virosta P, Slobodnik J, Sonne C, Thomaidis N, Töpfer T, Treu G, Väinölä R, Valkama J, van der Mije S, Vangeluwe D, Warren BH, Woog F. Correction to: Progress on bringing together raptor collections in Europe for contaminant research and monitoring in relation to chemicals regulation. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:29503-29505. [PMID: 31392605 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06137-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The correct affiliation of Sabrina Lo Brutto is shown in this paper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Movalli
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2332, Leiden, RA, Netherlands.
| | - Guy Duke
- Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford, 3 South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QY, UK
| | - Gloria Ramello
- Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Carmagnola, Via S Francesco di Sales, 188, 10022, Carmagnola, Torino, Italy
| | - René Dekker
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2332, Leiden, RA, Netherlands
| | - Al Vrezec
- Institute for Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Richard F Shore
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environmental Centre, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, UK
| | - Antonio García-Fernández
- Area of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Chris Wernham
- BTO Scotland, Beta Centre (Unit 15), Stirling University Innovation Park, Stirling, FK9 4NF, UK
| | - Oliver Krone
- Department of Wildlife Diseases, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Strasse 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Fausto Barbagli
- Museo di Storia Naturale dell'Università di Firenze, Sezione di Zoologia "La Specola", Via Romana 17, 50125, Florence, Italy
| | - Koos Biesmeijer
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2332, Leiden, RA, Netherlands
| | - Giovanni Boano
- Institute for Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alexander L Bond
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Akeman Street, Tring, Hertfordshire, HP23 6AP, UK
| | - Yael Choresh
- Shamir Research Institute, University of Haifa, 199 Aba Chushi Ave, Haifa, Israel
| | | | | | - Sara Danielsson
- Naturhistoriska riksmuseet, Box 50007, 104 05, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andreia Dias
- CIBIO-InBIO, Universidade de Évora, Casa Cordovil 2ª Andar, Rua Dr. Joaquim Henrique da Fonseca, 7000-890, Évora, Portugal
| | - Rune Dietz
- Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Marcel Eens
- Department Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Silvia Espín
- Area of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Igor Eulaers
- Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Sylke Frahnert
- Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung, Invalidenstraße 43, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tibor I Fuiz
- Hungarian Natural History Museum, Baross u 13, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Georgios Gkotsis
- Νational and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Natalia Glowacka
- Environmental Institute, Okružná 784/42, 97241, Koš, Slovak Republic
| | - Pilar Gómez-Ramírez
- Area of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marco Grotti
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, Genoa, Italy
| | - Michel Guiraud
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, UA, CP 51, 57 Rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Peter Hosner
- Danish Museum of Natural History, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7, 1350, København K, Denmark
| | - Ulf Johansson
- Naturhistoriska riksmuseet, Box 50007, 104 05, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Pepijn Kamminga
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2332, Leiden, RA, Netherlands
| | | | - Burkhard Knopf
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, 57392, Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - Eero Kubin
- Oulu University, Paavo Havaksen tie 3, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sabrina Lo Brutto
- Museum of Zoology "P. Doderlein" and Dept. STEBICEF, Section Animal Biology, University of Palermo, via Archirafi 18, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rui Lourenco
- Laboratório de Ornitologia, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas ICAAM, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Valverde, Évora, Portugal
| | | | - Emma Martínez-López
- Area of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Rafael Mateo
- Institute for Game and Wildlife Research, Ronda de Toledo, 12, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | | | | | - Dan Osborn
- Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Olivier Pauwels
- Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Rue Vautier 29, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marco Pavia
- Museo di Geologia e Paleontologia, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Via Valperga Caluso 35, I-10125, Torino, Italy
| | - M Glória Pereira
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environmental Centre, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, UK
| | - Heinz Rüdel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, 57392, Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - Pablo Sanchez-Virosta
- Area of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Christian Sonne
- Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Till Töpfer
- Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Risto Väinölä
- Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Post Box 17, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Valkama
- Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Post Box 17, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Didier Vangeluwe
- Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Rue Vautier 29, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ben H Warren
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, UA, CP 51, 57 Rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Friederike Woog
- Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, Stuttgart, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Flo J, Løseth ME, Sonne C, Jaspers VLB, Brun-Hansen H. Plasma protein fractions in free-living white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) nestlings from Norway. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:290. [PMID: 31409365 PMCID: PMC6693235 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-2022-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Capillary electrophoresis of plasma proteins has shown great potential as a complementary diagnostic tool for avian species. However, reference intervals for plasma proteins are sparse or lacking for several free-living avian species. The current study reports electrophoretic patterns and concentrations of plasma proteins determined for 70 free-living white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) nestlings from two locations in Norway (Steigen and Smøla) in order to establish reference values for this subpopulation using capillary electrophoresis. The nestlings were between 44 and 87 days of age, and the plasma protein concentrations were investigated for age, sex, year (2015 and 2016) and location differences. To our knowledge, this is the first report of reference intervals of plasma proteins analysed by capillary electrophoresis in free-living white-tailed eagle nestlings. RESULTS The plasma protein concentrations (% of total protein, mean ± SE) were determined for prealbumin (13.7%, 4.34 ± 0.15 g/L), albumin (46.7%, 14.81 ± 0.24 g/L), α1-globulin (2.4%, 0.74 ± 0.03 g/L), α2-globulin (11.7%, 3.72 ± 0.06 g/L), β-globulin (15.9%, 5.06 ± 0.08 g/L) and γ-globulin (9.6%, 3.05 ± 0.09 g/L). Significant differences were found between the two locations for prealbumin, α2- and γ-globulins. No significant differences were found between the two sampling years or sexes, and no effect of age was found for any of the plasma proteins. However, prealbumin levels were several folds higher than previously reported from adults of closely related birds of prey species. There were no other studies on capillary electrophoresis of nestling plasma available for comparison. CONCLUSION Significant differences were found between sampling locations for prealbumin, α2- and γ-globulins, which may indicate differences in inflammatory or infectious status between nestlings at the two locations. Sampling year, sex or age had no significant effect on the plasma protein concentrations. These results provide novel data on plasma protein concentrations by capillary electrophoresis and may be useful for evaluation of health status in free-living white-tailed eagle nestlings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jørgen Flo
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Mari Engvig Løseth
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Christian Sonne
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Center (ARC), Aarhus University, PO Box 358, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Hege Brun-Hansen
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), 0454, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Badry A, Palma L, Beja P, Ciesielski TM, Dias A, Lierhagen S, Jenssen BM, Sturaro N, Eulaers I, Jaspers VLB. Using an apex predator for large-scale monitoring of trace element contamination: Associations with environmental, anthropogenic and dietary proxies. Sci Total Environ 2019; 676:746-755. [PMID: 31054418 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the levels and drivers of contamination in top predators is important for their conservation and eventual use as sentinels in environmental monitoring. Therefore, metals and trace elements were analyzed in feathers of Bonelli's eagles (Aquila fasciata) from southern Portugal in 2007-2013, where they are believed to be exposed to a wide range of contamination sources such as agricultural land uses, urban areas, active and abandoned mines and a coal-fired power plant. We focused on concentrations of aluminum (Al), arsenic (As), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn), as these contaminants are potentially associated with those sources and are known to pose a risk for terrestrial vertebrates. Stable isotope values of nitrogen (δ15N: 15N/14N), carbon (δ13C: 13C/12C) and sulphur (δ34S: 34S/32S) were used as dietary proxies to control for potential effects of prey composition on the contamination pattern. The spatial distribution of potential contamination sources was quantified using geographic information systems. Concentrations of Hg in the southern part of the study area were above a reported toxicity threshold for raptors, particularly in territories closer to a coal-fired power plant at Sines, showing that contamination persisted after a previous assessment conducted in the 1990s. Hg and Se levels were positively correlated with δ15N, which indicates biomagnification. Concentrations of As, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn were generally low and unrelated to mining- or industrial activities, indicating low environmental background concentrations. Al was found at higher concentrations in the southernmost areas of Portugal, but this pattern might be related to external soil contamination on feathers. Overall, this study indicates that, among all elements studied, Hg seems to be the most important contaminant for Bonelli's eagles in southern Portugal, likely due to the power plant emissions and biomagnification of Hg in terrestrial food webs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Badry
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway; Aquatic Ecology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany.
| | - Luis Palma
- CIBIO/InBio, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, Vila do Conde, Rua Padre Armando Quintas 7, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Pedro Beja
- CIBIO/InBio, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, Vila do Conde, Rua Padre Armando Quintas 7, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal; CIBIO/InBio, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tomasz M Ciesielski
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Andreia Dias
- CIBIO/InBio, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus de Vairão, Vila do Conde, Rua Padre Armando Quintas 7, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal; Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Syverin Lierhagen
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Bjørn Munro Jenssen
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Nicolas Sturaro
- Laboratory of Oceanology, FOCUS, University of Liège, B6C, 4000 Liège, Sart Tilman, Belgium
| | - Igor Eulaers
- Arctic Research Centre, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Fredriksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Movalli P, Duke G, Ramello G, Dekker R, Vrezec A, Shore RF, García-Fernández A, Wernham C, Krone O, Alygizakis N, Badry A, Barbagli F, Biesmeijer K, Boano G, Bond AL, Choresh Y, Christensen JB, Cincinelli A, Danielsson S, Dias A, Dietz R, Eens M, Espín S, Eulaers I, Frahnert S, Fuiz TI, Gkotsis G, Glowacka N, Gómez-Ramírez P, Grotti M, Guiraud M, Hosner P, Johansson U, Jaspers VLB, Kamminga P, Koschorreck J, Knopf B, Kubin E, LoBrutto S, Lourenco R, Martellini T, Martínez-López E, Mateo R, Nika MC, Nikolopoulou V, Osborn D, Pauwels O, Pavia M, Pereira MG, Rüdel H, Sanchez-Virosta P, Slobodnik J, Sonne C, Thomaidis N, Töpfer T, Treu G, Väinölä R, Valkama J, van der Mije S, Vangeluwe D, Warren BH, Woog F. Progress on bringing together raptor collections in Europe for contaminant research and monitoring in relation to chemicals regulation. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:20132-20136. [PMID: 31134546 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05340-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Movalli
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Vondelaan 55, 2332 AA, Leiden, Netherlands.
| | - Guy Duke
- Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford, 3 South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QY, UK
| | - Gloria Ramello
- Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Carmagnola, Via S Francesco di Sales, 188, 10022, Carmagnola, Torino, Italy
| | - René Dekker
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Vondelaan 55, 2332 AA, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Al Vrezec
- National Institute for Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Richard F Shore
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environmental Centre, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, UK
| | - Antonio García-Fernández
- Area of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Chris Wernham
- BTO Scotland, Beta Centre (Unit 15), Stirling University Innovation Park, Stirling, FK9 4NF, UK
| | - Oliver Krone
- Department of Wildlife Diseases, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Strasse 17, 10315, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Fausto Barbagli
- Museo di Storia Naturale dell'Università di Firenze, Sezione di Zoologia "La Specola", Via Romana 17, 50125, Florence, Italy
| | - Koos Biesmeijer
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Vondelaan 55, 2332 AA, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Giovanni Boano
- National Institute for Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alexander L Bond
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Akeman Street, Tring, Hertfordshire, HP23 6AP, UK
| | - Yael Choresh
- Shamir Research Institute, University of Haifa, 199 Aba Chushi Ave., Haifa, Israel
| | | | | | - Sara Danielsson
- Naturhistoriska riksmuseet, Box 50007, 104 05, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andreia Dias
- CIBIO-InBIO, Universidade de Évora, Casa Cordovil 2ª Andar, Rua Dr. Joaquim Henrique da Fonseca, 7000-890, Évora, Portugal
| | - Rune Dietz
- Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Marcel Eens
- Department Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Silvia Espín
- Area of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Igor Eulaers
- Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Sylke Frahnert
- Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung, Invalidenstraße 43, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tibor I Fuiz
- Hungarian Natural History Museum, Baross u 13, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Georgios Gkotsis
- Νational and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Natalia Glowacka
- Environmental Institute, Okružná 784/42, 97241, Koš, Slovak Republic
| | - Pilar Gómez-Ramírez
- Area of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marco Grotti
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, Genoa, Italy
| | - Michel Guiraud
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, UA, CP 51, 57 Rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Peter Hosner
- Danish Museum of Natural History, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7, 1350, København K, Denmark
| | - Ulf Johansson
- Naturhistoriska riksmuseet, Box 50007, 104 05, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Pepijn Kamminga
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Vondelaan 55, 2332 AA, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Burkhard Knopf
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, 57392, Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - Eero Kubin
- Oulu University, Paavo Havaksen tie 3, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sabrina LoBrutto
- Dept. STEBICEF, Section Animal Biology, University of Palermo, via Archirafi 18, 90123, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rui Lourenco
- Laboratório de Ornitologia, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Mediterrânicas ICAAM, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Valverde, Évora, Portugal
| | | | - Emma Martínez-López
- Area of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Rafael Mateo
- Institute for Game and Wildlife Research, Ronda de Toledo 12, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | | | | | - Dan Osborn
- Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Olivier Pauwels
- Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Rue Vautier 29, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marco Pavia
- Museo di Geologia e Paleontologia, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Via Valperga Caluso 35, I-10125, Torino, Italy
| | - M Glória Pereira
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environmental Centre, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, UK
| | - Heinz Rüdel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, 57392, Schmallenberg, Germany
| | - Pablo Sanchez-Virosta
- Area of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Christian Sonne
- Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Till Töpfer
- Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Risto Väinölä
- Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Post Box 17, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Valkama
- Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Post Box 17, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Didier Vangeluwe
- Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Rue Vautier 29, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ben H Warren
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, UA, CP 51, 57 Rue Cuvier, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Friederike Woog
- Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart, Rosenstein 1, Stuttgart, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Castaño-Ortiz JM, Jaspers VLB, Waugh CA. PFOS mediates immunomodulation in an avian cell line that can be mitigated via a virus infection. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:214. [PMID: 31238913 PMCID: PMC6593586 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-1953-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are environmentally persistent and bioaccumulative chemicals. Immunomodulation is among the most concerning of toxic effects linked with PFAS exposure in mammalian models. However, no studies had yet shown this to be true in birds. Thus, we designed and conducted the first study to determine if PFASs could cause immunomodulation in birds. Secondly, we wanted to determine the effects on an avian host when exposed not only to immunomodulating chemicals, but also to a viral challenge. The aim, to determine if PFAS mediated immunmodulation functionally affects a pathogen challenge for a host. As innate immune system signalling pathways initiate crucial responses against a pathogen challenge, and are lesser studied than their adaptive counterparts, we focused on these pathways. To provide the first information on this, an in vitro experiment was designed and performed using chicken embryo fibroblasts exposed to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) (22 ppm) and immune markers characterised before and after being infected with gallid herpesvirus-2 (GaHV-2). RESULTS The expression of two pro-inflammatory cytokines, namely interleukin 8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), the nuclear factor 'kappa-light-chain-enhancer' of activated B-cells (NF-κB), and the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 4 (IL-4) were investigated in various scenarios. These results showed that exposure to PFOS decreased immune gene expression in chicken fibroblasts from 36 h post-exposure. Next, it was shown that this decrease could be mitigated by infection with gallid herpesvirus-2, which increased gene expression back to the baseline/control levels. CONCLUSIONS Not only is this the first study to provide the expected evidence that PFOS has immunomodulatory potential in birds, it also provides unexpected data that virus infections can mitigate this negative effect. Thereby, further research, including in vivo and in situ studies, on the impact of PFOS on host-virus interactions is now warranted, as it has been overlooked and might contribute to our understanding of recent disease outbreaks in wildlife. The mechanisms by which gallid herpesvirus mitigates immunomodulation were beyond the scope of this study, but are now of interest for future study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jose M. Castaño-Ortiz
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- Present address: Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), C/Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Veerle L. B. Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Courtney A. Waugh
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Løseth ME, Briels N, Eulaers I, Nygård T, Malarvannan G, Poma G, Covaci A, Herzke D, Bustnes JO, Lepoint G, Jenssen BM, Jaspers VLB. Plasma concentrations of organohalogenated contaminants in white-tailed eagle nestlings - The role of age and diet. Environ Pollut 2019; 246:527-534. [PMID: 30583161 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of organohalogenated contaminants (OHCs) can show significant temporal and spatial variation in the environment and wildlife. Most of the variation is due to changes in use and production, but environmental and biological factors may also contribute to the variation. Nestlings of top predators are exposed to maternally transferred OHCs in the egg and through their dietary intake after hatching. The present study investigated spatial and temporal variation of OHCs and the role of age and diet on these variations in plasma of Norwegian white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) nestlings. The nestlings were sampled at two locations, Smøla and Steigen, in 2015 and 2016. The age of the nestlings was recorded (range: 44 - 87 days old) and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) were applied as dietary proxies for carbon source and trophic position, respectively. In total, 14 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs, range: 0.82 - 59.05 ng/mL), 7 organochlorinated pesticides (OCPs, range: 0.89 - 52.19 ng/mL), 5 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs, range: 0.03 - 2.64 ng/mL) and 8 perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs, range: 4.58 - 52.94 ng/mL) were quantified in plasma samples from each location and year. The OHC concentrations, age and dietary proxies displayed temporal and spatial variations. The age of the nestlings was indicated as the most important predictor for OHC variation as the models displayed significantly decreasing plasma concentrations of PCBs, OCPs, and PBDEs with increasing age, while concentrations of PFASs were significantly increasing with age. Together with age, the variations in PCB, OCP and PBDE concentrations were also explained by δ13C and indicated decreasing concentrations with a more marine diet. Our findings emphasise age and diet as important factors to consider when investigating variations in plasma OHC concentrations in nestlings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mari Engvig Løseth
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Nathalie Briels
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Igor Eulaers
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Fredriksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Torgeir Nygård
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Høgskoleringen 9, 7034, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Govindan Malarvannan
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Giulia Poma
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dorte Herzke
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), FRAM - High North Research Centre on Climate and the Environment, 9007, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jan Ove Bustnes
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), FRAM - High North Research Centre on Climate and the Environment, 9007, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Gilles Lepoint
- Laboratoire d´Océanologie, University of Liège, 4000, Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Bjørn Munro Jenssen
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Fredriksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Monclús L, Lopez-Bejar M, De la Puente J, Covaci A, Jaspers VLB. Can variability in corticosterone levels be related to POPs and OPEs in feathers from nestling cinereous vultures (Aegypius monachus)? Sci Total Environ 2019; 650:184-192. [PMID: 30196218 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are still globally distributed and some have been shown to interact with the endocrine system of birds. However, the relationship between POPs and the stress response mediated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is still poorly understood. Raising concerns are now focused on the toxic properties of emergent organophosphate ester flame retardants (OPEs), but whether OPEs interact with the HPA axis response has not yet been investigated. We measured corticosterone concentrations in feathers (CORTf) as a long-term biomarker of the bird HPA axis response and we investigated their relationship with POP and OPE concentrations in down feathers of nestling cinereous vultures (Aegypius monachus). We also examined whether high contaminant burden and high CORTf concentrations impacted the duration of chick development. The most predominant compounds were the following: p,p'-DDE (3.28 ± 0.26 ng g-1 dw) > γ-HCH (0.78 ± 0.09 ng g-1 dw) > BDE-99 (0.73 ± 0.09 ng g-1 dw) > CB-153 (0.67 ± 0.04 ng g-1 dw). The most persistent POP compounds (CB-170, -177, -180, -183, -187, -194 and p,p'-DDE) were associated (P = 0.02) with high concentrations of CORTf (range: 0.55-6.09 pg mm-1), while no relationship was found when OPEs were tested (P > 0.05). Later egg-laying was positively associated to high levels of CORTf (P = 0.02) and reduced duration of chick development (P < 0.001), suggesting a beneficial effect of the HPA axis response on the growth of the chicks. In addition, males with high concentrations of the most persistent POP compounds tended to show a reduced duration of the nestling period (P = 0.05) and an equal fledging success than chicks with lower levels. These findings suggest that POPs, but not OPEs, may interact with the HPA axis response of chicks, although levels were not high enough to cause detrimental consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Monclús
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Manel Lopez-Bejar
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Javier De la Puente
- SEO/BirdLife, Bird Monitoring Unit, Melquiades Biencinto 34, 28053, Madrid, Spain; Parque Nacional de la Sierra de Guadarrama, Centro de Investigación, Seguimiento y Evaluación, Cta. M-604, Km. 28, 28740 Rascafría, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- ENVITOX Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Løseth ME, Briels N, Flo J, Malarvannan G, Poma G, Covaci A, Herzke D, Nygård T, Bustnes JO, Jenssen BM, Jaspers VLB. White-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) feathers from Norway are suitable for monitoring of legacy, but not emerging contaminants. Sci Total Environ 2019; 647:525-533. [PMID: 30089276 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
While feathers have been successfully validated for monitoring of internal concentrations of heavy metals and legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs), less is known about their suitability for monitoring of emerging contaminants (ECs). Our study presents a broad investigation of both legacy POPs and ECs in non-destructive matrices from a bird of prey. Plasma and feathers were sampled in 2015 and 2016 from 70 whitetailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) nestlings from two archipelagos in Norway. Preen oil was also sampled in 2016. Samples were analysed for POPs (polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and organochlorinated pesticides (OCPs)) and ECs (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), dechlorane plus (DPs), phosphate and novel brominated flame retardants (PFRs and NBFRs)). A total of nine PCBs, three OCPs, one PBDE and one PFAS were detected in over 50% of the plasma and feather samples within each sampling year and location. Significant and positive correlations were found between plasma, feathers and preen oil concentrations of legacy POPs and confirm the findings of previous research on the usefulness of these matrices for non-destructive monitoring. In contrast, the suitability of feathers for ECs seems to be limited. Detection frequencies (DF) of PFASs were higher in plasma (mean DF: 78%) than in feathers (mean DF: 38%). Only perfluoroundecanoic acid could be quantified in over 50% of both plasma and feather samples, yet their correlation was poor and not significant. The detection frequencies of PFRs, NBFRs and DPs were very low in plasma (mean DF: 1-13%), compared to feathers (mean DF: 10-57%). This may suggest external atmospheric deposition, rapid internal biotransformation or excretion of these compounds. Accordingly, we suggest prioritising plasma for PFASs analyses, while the sources of PFRs, NBFRs and DPs in feathers and plasma need further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mari E Løseth
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Nathalie Briels
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jørgen Flo
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Govindan Malarvannan
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Giulia Poma
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dorte Herzke
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), FRAM - High North Research Centre on Climate and the Environment, 9007 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Torgeir Nygård
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Høgskoleringen 9, 7034 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jan O Bustnes
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), FRAM - High North Research Centre on Climate and the Environment, 9007 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Bjørn M Jenssen
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Govaerts A, Verhaert V, Covaci A, Jaspers VLB, Berg OK, Addo-Bediako A, Jooste A, Bervoets L. Distribution and bioaccumulation of POPs and mercury in the Ga-Selati River (South Africa) and the rivers Gudbrandsdalslågen and Rena (Norway). Environ Int 2018; 121:1319-1330. [PMID: 30413296 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Biomagnification of Hg and persistent organic pollutants (POPs: polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)) in aquatic food chains can lead to high pollutant concentrations in top predators, including humans. Despite this threat to human health, research concerning bioaccumulation is still underrepresented in the southern hemisphere and in (sub)arctic and (sub)tropical areas, emphasizing the need for research in these locations. In this study, samples of water, sediment and aquatic biota were analyzed to determine concentrations of POPs and total mercury (THg) in the Ga-Selati river (South Africa) and two rivers Rena and Gudbrandsdalslågen in Norway. Trophic magnification factors (TMFs) were determined to evaluate and compare the biomagnification and the threat to human health due to consumption of the fish was assessed. Concentrations of POPs in sediment and biota samples were generally low except for relatively high concentrations of ∑DDX (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and metabolites) in aquatic biota from the Ga-Selati river (ranging from 1.9 to 133 ng/g ww in invertebrates and 1.9 to 5643 ng/g ww in fish). Dissolved THg concentrations were high in the Ga-Selati river (ranging from 0.009 to 0.036 μg/l) but THg concentrations in sediment and biota were low in studied rivers compared to other studies. Biomagnification occurred for THg, several DDT-metabolites and PCB compounds, TN and CN. Biomagnification of p,p'-DDT and THg differed significantly between the two countries, supporting existing patterns found in literature, although more data is needed to attribute these differences to climatic or other factors. Concentrations in fish from the rivers Ga-Selati and Rena were under the threshold levels reported for THg and POPs, but caution should be taken when consuming Northern pike (Esox Lucius) from the subarctic river Gudbrandsdalslågen, to avoid harmful effects due to both elevated THg and PBDE exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alison Govaerts
- Laboratory of Systemic, Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan, 171 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vera Verhaert
- Laboratory of Systemic, Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan, 171 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk-Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ole Kristian Berg
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Abraham Addo-Bediako
- Department of Biodiversity, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa
| | - Antoinette Jooste
- Department of Biodiversity, University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa
| | - Lieven Bervoets
- Laboratory of Systemic, Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan, 171 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Briels N, Ciesielski TM, Herzke D, Jaspers VLB. Developmental Toxicity of Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and Its Chlorinated Polyfluoroalkyl Ether Sulfonate Alternative F-53B in the Domestic Chicken. Environ Sci Technol 2018; 52:12859-12867. [PMID: 30351028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b04749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The chlorinated polyfluoroalkyl ether sulfonate F-53B is used as a mist suppressant in the Chinese electroplating industry. Because of the regulations on perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), its use is expected to increase. Until now, F-53B toxicity data have been scarce and are, to our knowledge, lacking for birds. This study therefore investigated the effects of PFOS and F-53B, separately and as mixtures, on the development of the chicken ( Gallus gallus domesticus). Compounds were injected in ovo, before incubation, at 150 and 1500 ng/g egg. At embryonic day 20, a significantly lower heart rate was observed in all treated groups compared to the control group and hatchlings exposed to the high dose of F-53B had a significantly enlarged liver (8%). Embryonic survival was not affected and no significant effects on hatchling body mass or oxidative stress parameters were found. Our results suggest that these compounds likely have different toxicity thresholds for the investigated endpoints, and/or different modes of action. This study thereby underlines the potential developmental toxicity of PFOS and F-53B at environmentally relevant concentrations. Assessment of PFOS alternatives should therefore continue, preferably prior to their large scale use, as they should be ensured to be less harmful than PFOS itself.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Briels
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) , Department of Biology , 7491 Trondheim , Norway
| | - Tomasz M Ciesielski
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) , Department of Biology , 7491 Trondheim , Norway
| | - Dorte Herzke
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), FRAM centre , 9007 Tromsø , Norway
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) , Department of Biology , 7491 Trondheim , Norway
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Monclús L, Lopez-Bejar M, De la Puente J, Covaci A, Jaspers VLB. First evaluation of the use of down feathers for monitoring persistent organic pollutants and organophosphate ester flame retardants: A pilot study using nestlings of the endangered cinereous vulture (Aegypius monachus). Environ Pollut 2018; 238:413-420. [PMID: 29587212 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Raptor feathers have been increasingly used to assess pollutants in ecotoxicological monitoring studies. However, the suitability of down feathers to detect pollutants has not yet been investigated. In this study, concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and organophosphate ester flame retardants (OPEs) were assessed in down and juvenile contour feathers of Spanish cinereous vulture (Aegypius monachus) nestlings (circa 73 days old) and contaminant concentrations were compared between both types of feathers from the same individuals. Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs: 1.30-6.16 ng g-1 dw feather), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs: 0.23-1.35 ng g-1 dw feather), p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (pp-DDE: 0.09-6.10 ng g-1 dw feather) and tris (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCiPP: 0.86-48.96 ng g-1 dw feather) were significantly higher in down than in contour feathers. In contrast, contour feathers showed higher levels of the more volatile POP, lindane (0.25-3.12 ng g-1 dw feather). Concentrations of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and OPEs (except TCiPP) were similar between the two types of feathers. By showing high accumulation of the most persistent POPs investigated, down feathers presented a contamination profile similar to that previously described in raptor eggs. As these feathers grow during the first days of a vulture chicks life, they probably reflect the contaminant burden of the chick due to maternal transfer to the egg. Overall, the present study provides the first indication that down feathers may be useful for biomonitoring studies. Further research is needed to confirm whether nestling down feathers reflect the concentrations in the egg.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Monclús
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Manel Lopez-Bejar
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Veterinary Faculty, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - Javier De la Puente
- SEO/BirdLife, Bird Monitoring Unit, Melquiades Biencinto 34, 28053, Madrid, Spain; Parque Nacional de la Sierra de Guadarrama, Centro de Investigación, Seguimiento y Evaluación, Cta. M-604, Km. 28, 28740, Rascafría, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Envitox Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Svendsen NB, Herzke D, Harju M, Bech C, Gabrielsen GW, Jaspers VLB. Persistent organic pollutants and organophosphate esters in feathers and blood plasma of adult kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) from Svalbard - associations with body condition and thyroid hormones. Environ Res 2018; 164:158-164. [PMID: 29499468 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and organophosphate esters (OPEs) were assessed in blood plasma and feathers of 19 adult black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) breeding in two colonies (Blomstrandhalvøya and Krykkjefjellet) at the Arctic archipelago, Svalbard. Potential associations with body condition index (BCI) and thyroid hormones were investigated. All compound classes were detected in both blood plasma and feathers, but due to low sample size and volumes, OPEs could only be quantified in four individuals, warranting larger follow-up studies. Kittiwakes breeding at Blomstrandhalvøya had significantly higher concentrations of organic pollutants in blood plasma than kittiwakes breeding at Krykkjefjellet (p < 0.001). Concentrations in blood plasma and feathers did not significantly correlate for any of the investigated compounds, and feather concentrations did not differ significantly between the colonies. This suggests that pollutant levels in adult kittiwake feathers do not reflect local contamination at breeding sites and are as such not useful to monitor local contamination at Svalbard. Significant negative associations between BCI and most pollutants were found in both populations, whereas significant correlations between the BCI, the ratio of total triiodothyronine to free triiodothyronine (TT3:fT3), and several pollutants were only found for kittiwakes from Blomstrandhalvøya (all r ≥ -0.60 and p ≤ 0.05). This indicates that higher levels of circulating pollutants during the breeding period covary with the TT3: fT3 ratio, and may act as an additional stressor during this period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N B Svendsen
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - D Herzke
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), FRAM Centre, NO-9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - M Harju
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), FRAM Centre, NO-9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - C Bech
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - G W Gabrielsen
- Norwegian Polar Institute, FRAM Centre, NO-9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - V L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Briels N, Løseth ME, Ciesielski TM, Malarvannan G, Poma G, Kjærvik SA, Léon A, Cariou R, Covaci A, Jaspers VLB. In ovo transformation of two emerging flame retardants in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018; 149:51-57. [PMID: 29149662 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) and Dechlorane Plus (DP) are two chlorinated, alternative flame retardants that have been found in wild birds and bird eggs. Little is known about the fate and effect of these compounds in birds, especially during the vulnerable stages of embryonic development. To investigate the ability of birds to biotransform these compounds, an in ovo exposure experiment with Japanese quail eggs was performed. Quail eggs were injected in the yolk sac with 1000ng/g egg of TDCIPP (2.3 nmol/g ww), DP (1.5 nmol/g ww) or a mixture of both and were then incubated at 37.5°C for 17 days. To get a time-integrated understanding of the in ovo transformation of the compounds, one egg per treatment was removed from the incubator every day and analyzed for TDCIPP and its metabolite bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCIPP) and/or for DP. By the end of the incubation period, TDCIPP was completely metabolized, while simultaneously BDCIPP was formed. The conversion of the parent compound into the metabolite did not occur proportionally and the concentration of BDCIPP showed a tendency to decrease when TDCIPP became depleted, both indicating that BDCIPP was further transformed into compounds not targeted for analysis. Further untargeted investigations did not show the presence of other metabolites, possibly due to the volatility of the metabolites. On the other hand, the DP concentration did not decrease during egg incubation. This study indicates that within the incubation period, avian embryos are able to biotransform TDCIPP, but not DP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Briels
- Envitox Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Mari E Løseth
- Envitox Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tomasz M Ciesielski
- Envitox Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Govindan Malarvannan
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Giulia Poma
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Sara A Kjærvik
- Envitox Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Alexis Léon
- LUNAM Université, Oniris, Laboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), UMR INRA 1329, 44307 Nantes, France
| | - Ronan Cariou
- LUNAM Université, Oniris, Laboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), UMR INRA 1329, 44307 Nantes, France
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Envitox Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Waugh CA, Arukwe A, Jaspers VLB. Deregulation of microRNA-155 and its transcription factor NF-kB by polychlorinated biphenyls during viral infections. APMIS 2018; 126:234-240. [PMID: 29380441 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and similar environmental contaminants, have been linked to virus outbreaks and increased viral induced mortality since the 1970s. Yet the mechanisms behind this increased susceptibility remain elusive. It has recently been illustrated that the innate immune viral detection system is tightly regulated by small non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs). For virus infections miRNA-155 expression is an important host response against infection, and deregulation of this miRNA is closely associated with adverse outcomes. Thus, we designed a targeted in vitro study using primary chicken fibroblasts, first exposed to a mixture of PCBs (Arochlor-1250) before being stimulated with a synthetic RNA virus (poly I:C), to determine if PCBs have the potential to deregulate miRNA-155. In this paper, we provide the first data for the deregulation of miRNA-155 when a host is exposed to a mixture of PCBs before a virus infection. Thus, we provide important evidence that PCBs can be involved in the deregulation of important miRNA pathways involved in the immune system; thereby demonstrating novel insights into the mechanism of PCB toxicity on the immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Courtney A Waugh
- Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Augustine Arukwe
- Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Gómez-Ramírez P, Bustnes JO, Eulaers I, Herzke D, Johnsen TV, Lepoint G, Pérez-García JM, García-Fernández AJ, Jaspers VLB. Corrigendum to "Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in plasma and feathers of nestling birds of prey from Northern Norway" [Environ. Res. 158 (2017) 277-285]. Environ Res 2017; 159:648-649. [PMID: 28941637 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Gómez-Ramírez
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - J O Bustnes
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, The Fram Centre, 9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - I Eulaers
- Aarhus University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - D Herzke
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research, 9010 Tromsø, Norway
| | - T V Johnsen
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, The Fram Centre, 9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - G Lepoint
- Laboratory of Oceanology, University of Liège, B6c, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - J M Pérez-García
- Ecology Area, Department of Applied Biology. University Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain; Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Engineering, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - A J García-Fernández
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - V L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7024 Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Gómez-Ramírez P, Bustnes JO, Eulaers I, Herzke D, Johnsen TV, Lepoint G, Pérez-García JM, García-Fernández AJ, Jaspers VLB. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in plasma and feathers of nestling birds of prey from northern Norway. Environ Res 2017; 158:277-285. [PMID: 28662453 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Plasma samples from nestlings of two top predators, White-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) and Northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) from northern Norway were analysed for a wide range of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). Body feathers from the White-tailed eagles were also analysed and significant associations between specific PFASs in blood plasma and body feathers were found (0.36 <R2 < 0.67; all p < 0.05). This result suggests that analysing body feathers of White-tailed eagle could potentially be a useful non-invasive strategy to monitor PFASs exposure in nestlings of this species. White-tailed eagles showed significantly higher levels of contaminants than Northern goshawks (plasma ∑PFASs Median = 45.83 vs 17.02ngmL-1, p <0.05). The different exposure between both species seemed to be related to different dietary input, as quantified by stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis of body feathers. A priori, the bird of prey populations studied are not at risk for PFASs, since the levels in plasma of both species were hundreds to thousand times lower than the toxic reference values reported for predatory birds. However, further studies on larger sample sizes are needed to confirm this hypothesis since toxic thresholds for nestling birds of prey are not established.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Gómez-Ramírez
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - J O Bustnes
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, The Fram Centre, 9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - I Eulaers
- Aarhus University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - D Herzke
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research, 9010 Tromsø, Norway
| | - T V Johnsen
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, The Fram Centre, 9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - G Lepoint
- Laboratory of Oceanology, University of Liège, B6c, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - J M Pérez-García
- Ecology Area, Department of Applied Biology, University Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain; Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Engineering, University of Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - A J García-Fernández
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - V L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7024 Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Dolan KJ, Ciesielski TM, Lierhagen S, Eulaers I, Nygård T, Johnsen TV, Gómez-Ramírez P, García-Fernández AJ, Bustnes JO, Ortiz-Santaliestra ME, Jaspers VLB. Trace element concentrations in feathers and blood of Northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) nestlings from Norway and Spain. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2017; 144:564-571. [PMID: 28688358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Information on trace element pollution in the terrestrial environment and its biota is limited compared to the marine environment. In the present study, we collected body feathers and blood of 37 Northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) nestlings from Tromsø (northern Norway), Trondheim (central Norway), and Murcia (southeastern Spain) to study regional exposure, hypothesizing the potential health risks of metals and other trace elements. Blood and body feathers were analyzed by a high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (HR-ICP-MS) for aluminum (Al), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), selenium (Se), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb). The influence of regional differences, urbanization and agricultural land usage in proximity to the nesting Northern goshawks was investigated using particular spatial analysis techniques. Most trace elements were detected below literature blood toxicity thresholds, except for elevated concentrations (mean ± SD µgml-1 ww) found for Zn (5.4 ± 1.5), Cd (0.00023 ± 0.0002), and Hg (0.021 ± 0.01). Corresponding mean concentrations in feathers (mean ± SD µgg-1 dw) were 82.0 ± 12.4, 0.0018 ± 0.002, and 0.26 ± 0.2 for Zn, Cd and Hg respectively. Multiple linear regressions indicated region was a significant factor influencing Al, Zn, Se and Hg feather concentrations. Blood Cd and Hg concentrations were significantly influenced by agricultural land cover. Urbanization did not have a significant impact on trace element concentrations in either blood or feathers. Overall metal and trace element levels do not indicate a high risk for toxic effects in the nestlings. Levels of Cd in Tromsø and Hg in Trondheim were however above sub-lethal toxic threshold levels. For holistic risk assessment purposes it is important that the concentrations found in the nestlings of this study indicate that terrestrial raptors are exposed to various trace elements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Dolan
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany; Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Tomasz M Ciesielski
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Syverin Lierhagen
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Igor Eulaers
- Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Torgeir Nygård
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Norwegian Institute for Nature research, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Trond V Johnsen
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Tromsø, Norway; High North Research Center for Climate and the Environment (FRAM), Tromsø, Norway
| | - Pilar Gómez-Ramírez
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio J García-Fernández
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Jan O Bustnes
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Tromsø, Norway; High North Research Center for Climate and the Environment (FRAM), Tromsø, Norway
| | - Manuel E Ortiz-Santaliestra
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany; Spanish Institute of Game and Wildlife Research (IREC) CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Jacobsen ML, Jaspers VLB, Ciesielski TM, Jenssen BM, Løseth ME, Briels N, Eulaers I, Leifsson PS, Rigét FF, Gomez-Ramirez P, Sonne C. Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) liver and thyroid gland histopathology as a result of in ovo exposure to the flame retardants tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate and Dechlorane Plus. J Toxicol Environ Health A 2017; 80:525-531. [PMID: 28696837 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2017.1336414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) were exposed in ovo to tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP; 500 ng/µl), Dechlorane Plus (DP; 500 ng/µl), or a 1:1 mixture of these two to investigate the effects on liver and thyroid gland morphology. Histological examination of 14-day-old quails showed that exposure to TDCIPP or the mixture induced hepatic sinusoidal dilatation. No marked effects were seen for DP alone. In addition, the mixture produced divergence of thyroid gland follicles and proliferation of follicular cells. Our study is the first demonstrating histopathological alterations as a result of exposure during early development to the flame retardants TDCIPP or a TDCIPP-DP mixture suggesting the need for further research efforts to investigate potential adverse health effects associated with exposure to these environmental chemicals in wild birds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mona L Jacobsen
- a Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Frederiksberg , Denmark
- b Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre , Aarhus University , Roskilde , Denmark
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- c Department of Biology , Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim , Norway
| | - Tomasz M Ciesielski
- c Department of Biology , Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim , Norway
| | - Bjørn M Jenssen
- c Department of Biology , Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim , Norway
| | - Mari E Løseth
- c Department of Biology , Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim , Norway
| | - Nathalie Briels
- c Department of Biology , Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Trondheim , Norway
| | - Igor Eulaers
- b Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre , Aarhus University , Roskilde , Denmark
| | - Páll S Leifsson
- a Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Frederiksberg , Denmark
| | - Frank F Rigét
- b Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre , Aarhus University , Roskilde , Denmark
| | - Pilar Gomez-Ramirez
- d Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , University of Murcia , Murcia , Spain
| | - Christian Sonne
- b Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre , Aarhus University , Roskilde , Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Dehnhard N, Jaspers VLB, Demongin L, Van den Steen E, Covaci A, Pinxten R, Crossin GT, Quillfeldt P, Eens M, Poisbleau M. Organohalogenated contaminants in plasma and eggs of rockhopper penguins: Does vitellogenin affect maternal transfer? Environ Pollut 2017; 226:277-287. [PMID: 28392239 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.03.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Although many studies have investigated organohalogenated contaminants (OHCs) in yolk, little is known about the mechanisms and timing of transfer of OHCs from the female to the egg. Vitellogenin, a yolk precursor, has been suggested to play a role in this transport. We here report for the first time the temporal changes in OHC and an index of vitellogenin concentrations in female plasma from the pre-laying period to clutch completion in free-living birds: the southern rockhopper penguin (Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome) breeding in the Falkland/Malvinas Islands. In addition, OHC concentrations in the corresponding clutches were analysed. OHC concentrations in female plasma and in the yolk of both the first (A-) and the second (B-)eggs followed a similar pattern, with hexachlorobenzene (HCB) > Σpolychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) > Σdichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) > Σmethoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (MeO-PBDEs) > Σchlordanes (CHLs) > Σpolybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) ≈ Σhexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs). The higher concentrations of MeO-PBDEs compared to PBDEs indicate a diet containing naturally-produced MeO-PBDEs. All OHC compounds except for PBDEs increased from the pre-laying period to A-egg laying and subsequently declined from A-egg laying to B-egg laying, and female plasma vitellogenin showed the same pattern. For ΣPCBs and ΣMeO-PBDEs, we found positive correlations between female plasma during A-egg laying and both eggs, and for HCB between female plasma and A-eggs only. During pre-laying, only ΣMeO-PBDEs correlated between both eggs and female plasma, and no correlations between OHC concentrations in eggs and female plasma were found during B-egg laying, highlighting that maternal transfer of OHCs is time- and compound-specific. Finally, female vitellogenin concentrations did not significantly correlate with any OHC compounds in either female plasma or eggs, and our results therefore did not confirm the suggested role of vitellogenin in the maternal transfer of OHC molecules into their eggs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Dehnhard
- Department of Biology, Behavioural Ecology and Ecophysiology Group, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp (Wilrijk), Belgium.
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7024 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Laurent Demongin
- Department of Biology, Behavioural Ecology and Ecophysiology Group, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp (Wilrijk), Belgium
| | - Evi Van den Steen
- Department of Biology, Behavioural Ecology and Ecophysiology Group, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp (Wilrijk), Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp (Wilrijk), Belgium
| | - Rianne Pinxten
- Department of Biology, Behavioural Ecology and Ecophysiology Group, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp (Wilrijk), Belgium; Faculty of Social Sciences, Antwerp School of Education, University of Antwerp, Venusstraat 35, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Glenn T Crossin
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Petra Quillfeldt
- Justus-Liebig University Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 38, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Marcel Eens
- Department of Biology, Behavioural Ecology and Ecophysiology Group, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp (Wilrijk), Belgium
| | - Maud Poisbleau
- Department of Biology, Behavioural Ecology and Ecophysiology Group, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp (Wilrijk), Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abbasi NA, Arukwe A, Jaspers VLB, Eulaers I, Mennilo E, Ibor OR, Frantz A, Covaci A, Malik RN. Oxidative stress responses in relationship to persistent organic pollutant levels in feathers and blood of two predatory bird species from Pakistan. Sci Total Environ 2017; 580:26-33. [PMID: 27939994 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To date, knowledge of persistent organic pollutant (POP) mediated oxidative stress responses in avian species is rather limited. We therefore investigated whether exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in two predatory bird species, namely black kite (Milvus migrans) and spotted owlet (Athene brama), was associated to activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase (CAT), or expression of GPx and superoxide dismutase (SOD) genes. As part of this investigation, we evaluated whether feathers were suitable to reflect internal body burdens and their associated oxidative stress effects. p,p'-DDE was unanimously recorded with highest concentrations in feathers and blood of both species. In general, the non-significant associations reflect that feathers are not always a suitable indicator for internal body burdens of POPs, depending on the feather type and the age of the bird. The activity of GST and GR was significantly higher in spotted owlet whereas GPx and CAT was higher (albeit not significant) in spotted owlet and black kite respectively. In comparison, mRNA expression of GPx, SOD and Cu,ZnSOD was significantly higher in black kite. Regression analysis showed that the activity of GST and GR was significantly associated with p,p'-DDE in blood of spotted owlet. Similarly, activity of CAT and GR was significantly correlated with BDE-100 in feathers of spotted owlet. In comparison, mRNA expression of SOD was found significantly associated with ∑PBDEs in blood of spotted owlet as well as p,p'-DDE in feathers of black kite. Significant associations of various POPs with biological responses may suggest that POP exposure may be contributing to oxidative stress in the studied bird of prey species. This first investigation indicates the necessity for further research on cause-effect relationships between POP exposures and changes in general health of free ranging birds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naeem Akhtar Abbasi
- Environmental Biology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Augustine Arukwe
- Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Igor Eulaers
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, P.O. Box 358, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Elvira Mennilo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Oju Richard Ibor
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Adrien Frantz
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UPEC, Paris 7, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Riffat Naseem Malik
- Environmental Biology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|