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Hansen CCR, Láruson ÁJ, Rasmussen JA, Ballesteros JAC, Sinding MHS, Hallgrimsson GT, von Schmalensee M, Stefansson RA, Skarphédinsson KH, Labansen AL, Leivits M, Sonne C, Dietz R, Skelmose K, Boertmann D, Eulaers I, Martin MD, Helgason AS, Gilbert MTP, Pálsson S. Genomic diversity and differentiation between island and mainland populations of white-tailed eagles (Haliaeetus albicilla). Mol Ecol 2023; 32:1925-1942. [PMID: 36680370 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Divergence in the face of high dispersal capabilities is a documented but poorly understood phenomenon. The white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) has a large geographic dispersal capability and should theoretically be able to maintain genetic homogeneity across its dispersal range. However, following analysis of the genomic variation of white-tailed eagles, from both historical and contemporary samples, clear signatures of ancient biogeographic substructure across Europe and the North-East Atlantic is observed. The greatest genomic differentiation was observed between island (Greenland and Iceland) and mainland (Denmark, Norway and Estonia) populations. The two island populations share a common ancestry from a single mainland population, distinct from the other sampled mainland populations, and despite the potential for high connectivity between Iceland and Greenland they are well separated from each other and are characterized by inbreeding and little variation. Temporal differences also highlight a pattern of regional populations persisting despite the potential for admixture. All sampled populations generally showed a decline in effective population size over time, which may have been shaped by four historical events: (1) Isolation of refugia during the last glacial period 110-115,000 years ago, (2) population divergence following the colonization of the deglaciated areas ~10,000 years ago, (3) human population expansion, which led to the settlement in Iceland ~1100 years ago, and (4) human persecution and exposure to toxic pollutants during the last two centuries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Áki Jarl Láruson
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Jacob Agerbo Rasmussen
- Department of Natural History, NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics, The Globe Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesus Adrian Chimal Ballesteros
- Department of Natural History, NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mikkel-Holger S Sinding
- Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics, The Globe Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gunnar T Hallgrimsson
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | | | | | | | - Madis Leivits
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Christian Sonne
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Rune Dietz
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Kim Skelmose
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David Boertmann
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Igor Eulaers
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Michael D Martin
- Department of Natural History, NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Agnar S Helgason
- Department of Anthropology, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,deCODE Genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - M Thomas P Gilbert
- Department of Natural History, NTNU University Museum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics, The Globe Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Snaebjörn Pálsson
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Dulsat-Masvidal M, Lourenço R, Lacorte S, D'Amico M, Albayrak T, Andevski J, Aradis A, Baltag E, Berger-Tal O, Berny P, Choresh Y, Duke G, Espín S, García-Fernández AJ, Gómez-Ramírez P, Hallgrimsson GT, Jaspers V, Johansson U, Kovacs A, Krone O, Leivits M, Martínez-López E, Mateo R, Movalli P, Sánchez-Virosta P, Shore RF, Valkama J, Vrezec A, Xirouchakis S, Walker LA, Wernham C. A review of constraints and solutions for collecting raptor samples and contextual data for a European Raptor Biomonitoring Facility. Sci Total Environ 2021; 793:148599. [PMID: 34328978 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The COST Action 'European Raptor Biomonitoring Facility' (ERBFacility) aims to develop pan-European raptor biomonitoring in support of better chemicals management in Europe, using raptors as sentinel species. This presents a significant challenge involving a range of constraints that must be identified and addressed. The aims of this study were to: (1) carry out a comprehensive review of the constraints that may limit the gathering in the field of raptor samples and contextual data, and assess their relative importance across Europe; and (2) identify and discuss possible solutions to the key constraints that were identified. We applied a participatory approach to identify constraints and to discuss feasible solutions. Thirty-one constraints were identified, which were divided into four categories: legal, methodological, spatial coverage, and skills constraints. To assess the importance of the constraints and their possible solutions, we collected information through scientific workshops and by distributing a questionnaire to stakeholders in all the countries involved in ERBFacility. We obtained 74 answers to the questionnaire, from 24 of the 39 COST participating countries. The most important constraints identified were related to the collection of complex contextual data about sources of contamination, and the low number of existing raptor population national/regional monitoring schemes and ecological studies that could provide raptor samples. Legal constraints, such as permits to allow the collection of invasive samples, and skills constraints, such as the lack of expertise to practice necropsies, were also highlighted. Here, we present solutions for all the constraints identified, thus suggesting the feasibility of establishing a long-term European Raptor Sampling Programme as a key element of the planned European Raptor Biomonitoring Facility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dulsat-Masvidal
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Rui Lourenço
- MED - Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, LabOr - Laboratory of Ornithology, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal.
| | - Silvia Lacorte
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marcello D'Amico
- CIBIO-InBIO (University of Porto and University of Lisbon), Tapada da Ajuda Campus, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Tamer Albayrak
- Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Science and Art Faculty, Department of Biology, Lab of Ornithology, Burdur, Turkey.
| | - Jovan Andevski
- Vulture Conservation Foundation, Wuhrstrasse 12, 8003 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Arianna Aradis
- Area Avifauna Migratrice - Avian Migration Team, Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA) - Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research, Via Vitaliano Brancati 60, 00144 Roma, Italy.
| | - Emanuel Baltag
- Marine Biological Station "Prof. Dr. Ioan Borcea" Agigea, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi, Romania.
| | - Oded Berger-Tal
- Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel.
| | | | - Yael Choresh
- Shamir Research Institute, University of Haifa, Israel.
| | - Guy Duke
- Environmental Change Institute, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK.
| | - Silvia Espín
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Antonio J García-Fernández
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Pilar Gómez-Ramírez
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Gunnar T Hallgrimsson
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 7, 102 Reykjavik, Iceland.
| | - Veerle Jaspers
- Environmental Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Ulf Johansson
- Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Zoology, Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Andras Kovacs
- University of Debrecen, Juhász-Nagy Pál Doctoral School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, 4032 Debrecen, Egyetem Sq. 1., Hungary.
| | - Oliver Krone
- Department of Wildlife Diseases, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Madis Leivits
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 62, 51006 Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Emma Martínez-López
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Rafael Mateo
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC-CSIC, UCLMJCCM), Ronda de Toledo 12, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Paola Movalli
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Pablo Sánchez-Virosta
- Area of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Richard F Shore
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK
| | - Jari Valkama
- Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Al Vrezec
- Department of Organisms and Ecosystems Research, National Institute of Biology, Večna pot 111, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. Slovenian Museum of Natural History, Prešernova 20, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Stavros Xirouchakis
- University of Crete, School of Sciences & Engineering. Natural History Museum, University Campus (Knosos), Heraklion, P.C. 71409, Crete, Greece.
| | - Lee A Walker
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK.
| | - Chris Wernham
- British Trust for Ornithology (Scotland), Unit 15 Beta Centre, Stirling University Innovation Park, Stirling, FK9 4NF, Scotland, UK.
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Badry A, Krone O, Jaspers VLB, Mateo R, García-Fernández A, Leivits M, Shore RF. Towards harmonisation of chemical monitoring using avian apex predators: Identification of key species for pan-European biomonitoring. Sci Total Environ 2020; 731:139198. [PMID: 32422436 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Biomonitoring in raptors can be used to study long-term and large-scale changes in environmental pollution. In Europe, such monitoring is needed to assess environmental risks and outcomes of chemicals regulation, which is harmonised across the European Union. To be effective, the most appropriate sentinels need to be monitored. Our aim was to identify which European raptor species are the likely most appropriate biomonitors when pollutant quantification is based on analysing tissues. Our current study was restricted to terrestrial exposure pathways and considered four priority pollutant groups: toxic metals (lead and mercury), anticoagulant rodenticides, pesticides and medicinal products. We evaluated information on the distribution and key ecological traits (food web, foraging trait, diet, preferred habitat, and migratory behaviour) of European raptors to identify the most appropriate sentinel species. Common buzzard (Buteo buteo) and/or tawny owl (Strix aluco) proved the most suitable candidates for many of the pollutants considered. Moreover, they are abundant in Europe, enhancing the likelihood that samples can be collected. However, other species may be better sentinels for certain pollutants, such as the golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) for lead, the northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) for mercury across areas including Northern Europe, and vultures (where they occur in Europe) are likely best suited for monitoring non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Overall, however, we argue the selection of candidate species for widescale monitoring of a range of pollutants can be reduced to very few raptor species. We recommend that the common buzzard and tawny owl should be the initial focus of any pan-European raptor monitoring. The lack of previous widespread monitoring using these species suggests that their utility as sentinels for environmnetal pollution has not been widely recognised. Finally, although the current study focussed on Europe, our trait-based approach for identifying raptor biomonitors can be applied to other continents and contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Badry
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Department of Wildlife Diseases, Alfred-Kowalke-Straße 17, 10315 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Oliver Krone
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Department of Wildlife Diseases, Alfred-Kowalke-Straße 17, 10315 Berlin, Germany
| | - Veerle L B Jaspers
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 5, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Rafael Mateo
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, IREC (CSIC, UCLM, JCCM), Ronda de Toledo s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Antonio García-Fernández
- Toxicology and Risk Assessment Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Espinardo Campus, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Madis Leivits
- Chair of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 62, 51006 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Richard F Shore
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg LA1 4AP, UK
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