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Maurizio A, Perrucci S, Tamponi C, Scala A, Cassini R, Rinaldi L, Bosco A. Control of gastrointestinal helminths in small ruminants to prevent anthelmintic resistance: the Italian experience. Parasitology 2023; 150:1105-1118. [PMID: 37039466 PMCID: PMC10801368 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182023000343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Helminth infections are ubiquitous in grazing ruminants and cause significant costs due to production losses. Moreover, anthelmintic resistance (AR) in parasites is now widespread throughout Europe and poses a major threat to the sustainability of modern ruminant livestock farming. Epidemiological data on the prevalence and distribution of gastrointestinal nematodes, cestodes and liver- and rumen-flukes in Italian small ruminants are outdated and fragmentary. However, anthelmintics are commonly used to control these infections and often without prior diagnosis. Compared to other European countries, few reports of AR in small ruminants against levamisole, ivermectin and benzimidazoles have been published in Italy, but recent studies suggest that this phenomenon is spreading. Increased and integrated research efforts in developing innovative approaches to control helminth infections and AR are needed and must be tailored to the peculiarities of each context in order to be effectively implemented. This manuscript provides an overview on helminth prevalence and distribution, sustainable treatment strategies and integrated control approaches in small ruminants in Italy. The implementation of targeted treatments and targeted selective treatments is discussed based on different parameters, such as fecal egg count, degree of anaemia (FAMACHA© method), milk production and body condition score. In addition, several Italian studies have also investigated the implementation of alternative strategies such as the use of different natural bioactive compounds or genetic selection for resistance and resilience to helminth infections. These concrete solutions for helminth management in small ruminant farms in the country are reported and discussed, representing a valid example for other Mediterranean countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maurizio
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università, 16-35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Stefania Perrucci
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Tamponi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Antonio Scala
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Rudi Cassini
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università, 16-35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Laura Rinaldi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, CREMOPAR, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Bosco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, CREMOPAR, University of Naples Federico II, 80137 Naples, Italy
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Lianou DT, Arsenopoulos K, Michael CK, Mavrogianni VS, Papadopoulos E, Fthenakis GC. Dairy goats helminthosis and its potential predictors in Greece: Findings from an extensive countrywide study. Vet Parasitol 2023; 320:109962. [PMID: 37276628 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2023.109962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of the present study were: (a) to describe the prevalence of helminth infections from pooled faecal samples from goat herds across Greece, (b) to evaluate herd-related factors potentially associated with the presence of these infections in the herds and (c) to compare the findings to those of a previous relevant study performed in sheep flocks. A cross-sectional study was carried out in 119 goat herds around Greece. Helminths were recovered from samples from 93.3% of herds: Dicrocoelium dendriticum (from 15.1% of herds), Paramphistomum cervi (from 0.8% of herds), Moniezia spp. (from 25.2% of herds), Trichostrongylidae (from 89.1% of herds), Nematodirus spp. (from 16.8% of herds), Strongyloides papillosus (from 5.0% of herds), Trichuris spp. (from 18.5% of herds) and lungworms (from 23.5% of herds). Mean epg counts in all herds in the study were 219 epg. In multivariable analyses, for 'high (> 300) epg counts in faecal samples' the age of kid removal from their dams (p = 0.045) was found to be a significant factor, for 'high proportion (> 64%) of Teladorsagia spp. in faecal samples' the month of the start of the kidding season (p = 0.045) was a significant factor, for 'high proportion (> 27%) of Haemonchus contortus in faecal samples' nutritional modifications during gestation (p = 0.002) and application of reproductive control practices in the farm (p = 0.013) were the significant factors and for 'presence of D. dendriticum in faecal samples' the number of veterinary visits to the farm annually (p = 0.040) was found to be significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- D T Lianou
- Veterinary Faculty, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece
| | - K Arsenopoulos
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - C K Michael
- Veterinary Faculty, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece
| | - V S Mavrogianni
- Veterinary Faculty, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece
| | - E Papadopoulos
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - G C Fthenakis
- Veterinary Faculty, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece.
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Gazzonis AL, Panseri S, Pavlovic R, Zanzani SA, Chiesa L, Rapetti L, Battelli M, Villa L, Manfredi MT. In Vitro Evaluations and Comparison of the Efficacy of Two Commercial Products Containing Condensed Tannins and of Saifoin ( Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) Hay against Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Goats. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13030547. [PMID: 36766435 PMCID: PMC9913204 DOI: 10.3390/ani13030547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) is a limiting health factor for dairy goats, and the integration of the diet with fodder containing condensed tannins (CT) is becoming increasingly important to control GINs. To preliminary evaluate their potential role as part of GIN control in goat breeding, the in vitro anthelmintic efficacy of the CTs of Silvafeed BYPRO (SBP), Silvafeed Q powder (SQ), and sainfoin hay (SH) was evaluated, and the untargeted metabolomics profiling of the selected formulations was performed. CTs were extracted in water and in ethanol, their concentration was determined, and their chemical characterization was conducted using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) coupled to High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) platform. The in vitro anthelmintic activity of the extracts was evaluated using the Eggs Hatch Test (EHT) and the Larval Migration Inhibition Test (LMIT) using different extract concentrations (150, 300, 600, and 1200 μg/mL). The metabolomic profile of the ethanol extract showed a high number of flavonoids, while the water extract showed higher levels of hydrolysable tannins. The ethanol extracts were effective on both eggs hatching and larvae migration at low concentrations (150 μg/mL) for the three analyzed samples, while the water extracts showed more varied results: SH showed the greatest ovicidal efficacy (concentration 150 μg/mL, %IH = 40.9), while SBP and SQ were more effective against the larvae migration (concentration 600 μg/mL, %LMI = 69.7% and 88%), respectively. The integration of CT-rich fodder into the diet may be considered for the control of GIN infection in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia L. Gazzonis
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Sara Panseri
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Radmila Pavlovic
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility (ProMeFa), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio A. Zanzani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Luca Chiesa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Luca Rapetti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences—Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Battelli
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences—Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Villa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Manfredi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 26900 Lodi, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Hamel D, Kvaternick V, Kellermann M, Visser M, Mayr S, Fankhauser B, Rehbein S. Pour-on administration of eprinomectin to lactating dairy goats: Pharmacokinetics and anthelmintic efficacy. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2021; 44:952-960. [PMID: 34542908 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lactation is discussed as a physiological covariate which may influence the exposure characteristics of systemically acting drugs including macrocyclic lactones and potentially alter their pharmacological response. This study characterizes for the first time in the same study, the plasma profile and therapeutic anthelmintic efficacy of eprinomectin 5 mg/ml solution (EPRINEX® Multi, Boehringer Ingelheim) administered as a pour-on at 1 mg per kg body weight to lactating dairy goats. The study was conducted in compliance with VICH GCP and anthelmintic efficacy evaluation guidelines and included 20 goats harboring induced adult gastrointestinal and pulmonary nematode infections. The goats were blocked on pre-treatment body weight and randomly allocated either to remain untreated (control) or to be eprinomectin-treated. Plasma samples to determine the plasma disposition kinetics of eprinomectin (B1a component) were obtained at intervals up to 14 days following treatment when the animals were necropsied for parasite enumeration and identification. Basic pharmacokinetic parameters of eprinomectin determined in the ten eprinomectin-treated goats were as follows: AUClast , 23.8 ± 9.7 day*ng/ml and Cmax , 5.35 ± 2.27 ng/ml; individual maximum plasma concentrations were observed from 8 to 48 h after treatment (median Tmax , 0.5 days). Topical eprinomectin treatment efficacy, based on significant (p < .01) worm burden reductions in eprinomectin-treated animals relative to untreated controls, was ≥97% to 100% against adult Dictyocaulus filaria, Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia circumcincta(pinnata/trifurcata), Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, Cooperia curticei, Nematodirus battus, and Oesophagostomum venulosum. Both pharmacokinetic parameters and anthelmintic activity in lactating dairy goats were similar to those observed in parasitized young growing and adult female non-lactating dairy goats treated with eprinomectin administered as a pour-on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dietmar Hamel
- Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH, Kathrinenhof Research Center, Rohrdorf, Germany
| | | | - Michael Kellermann
- Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH, Kathrinenhof Research Center, Rohrdorf, Germany
| | - Martin Visser
- Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH, Kathrinenhof Research Center, Rohrdorf, Germany
| | - Sandra Mayr
- Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH, Kathrinenhof Research Center, Rohrdorf, Germany
| | | | - Steffen Rehbein
- Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica GmbH, Kathrinenhof Research Center, Rohrdorf, Germany
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Gazzonis AL, Zanzani SA, Giuliani G, Alberti E, Villa L, Manfredi MT. COMPARISON OF NATURALLY OCCURRING EIMERIA INFECTIONS IN ALPINE AND NERA DI VERZASCA GOAT BREEDS REARED IN A SUB-ALPINE ENVIRONMENT. J Parasitol 2021; 107:463-471. [PMID: 34086926 DOI: 10.1645/20-153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to describe the natural trend of Eimeria spp. oocysts shedding in different breeds of adult goats raised in a sub-Alpine ecosystem by quantitative copromicroscopic analysis. A 1-yr long longitudinal study was planned in a goat herd composed of non-native (Alpine) and autochthonous (Nera di Verzasca) breeds. FLOTAC double technique was implemented to analyze individual fecal samples collected monthly from 2 groups (non-native and native) of 10 goats each. A generalized linear mixed model, in which each goat was included as a random intercept effect, identified 4 predictors of logarithmically transformed oocysts per gram shedding: the number of days from parturition (F = 27.744; P < 0.001), the interaction between the goat breed and the number of days from parturition (F = 8.407; P = 0.004), the interaction between the number of days from parturition and the number of parturitions (F = 6.371; P = 0.012), and the interaction between the monthly rainfalls and temperatures (F = 4.536; P = 0.023). These results indicate that the physiological status (number of days from parturition) of adult goats and its interaction with other individual features (number of parturitions and breed) can affect Eimeria spp. oocysts shedding. Besides, a combination of climatic variables can pose a risk for Eimeria spp. infection in goats reared in the sub-Alpine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gabriele Giuliani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Eric Alberti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Villa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Zanzani SA, Gazzonis AL, Alberti E, Neilly TM, Villa L, Manfredi MT. Gastrointestinal nematode infections in goats: differences between strongyle faecal egg counts and specific antibody responses to Teladorsagia circumcincta in Nera di Verzasca and Alpine goats. Parasitol Res 2020; 119:2539-2548. [PMID: 32562068 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06767-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Strongylida are gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) of greatest importance in small ruminants throughout the world. Differences in resistance and resilience to GIN among goat breeds were reported. This study aims to investigate the mechanism underlying the breed-associated differences using a cosmopolitan (Alpine, AB) and an autochthonous (Nera di Verzasca, NV) goat breed. At first, fifteen goats from the same herd (NV = 7, AB = 8) at day 0 were infected with infective larvae (L3) of mixed GIN. From the 15th day post-infection (DPI), individual parasite egg excretion (faecal egg counts, FEC) was performed on all goats, once per week, until the 63rd DPI. Afterwards, in goats under field conditions (30 AB and 30 NV reared on the same farm), individual faecal and blood samples were collected; FEC-specific antibody and PCV levels were explored. In goats with experimental GIN infection, mean eggs per gram of faeces (EPG) values were consistently lower in NV goats. In goats with natural GIN infection, EPG and prevalence values showed high variability in both breeds; among individual variables, breed had a significant influence on EPG. Further, PCV and anti-T. circumcincta IgA levels were influenced by the breed. Lower PCV values were also associated with higher strongyle EPG in AB goats, and anti-T. circumcincta IgA levels were influenced by both strongyle EPG and breed, with IgA levels being higher in AB vs. NV goats and positively associated with EPG. Neither EPG nor breed had any influence on IgE levels. Both studies on experimental and natural infection confirmed that goats of NV are more resistant to infection with gastrointestinal nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Zanzani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - A L Gazzonis
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - E Alberti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - T Mc Neilly
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Edinburgh, EH26 0PZ, UK
| | - L Villa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - M T Manfredi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Goats: Host-parasite Relationship Differences in Breeds at Summer Mountain Pasture in Northern Italy. J Vet Res 2019; 63:519-526. [PMID: 31934662 PMCID: PMC6950438 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2019-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Orobic goat is a hardy breed native to the Orobic Alps (Lombardy, northern Italy). The aim of the study was the assessment of gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) egg excretion in Alpine and Saanen (cosmopolite breeds) and Orobic grazing goats, after a strategic treatment with eprinomectin in late June. Material and Methods Individual faecal samples from a mixed flock of cosmopolite and Orobic goats were collected and analysed by the FLOTAC double technique every three weeks from June to September. Results Strongylida was the primary GIN infection observed in goats that grazed on Alpine pastures; a strategic treatment with eprinomectin led to a prolonged reduction of egg excretion during the whole study period. Egg excretion was also influenced by breed. Pluriparous Orobic does were able to control reinfection better than the pluriparous cosmopolite does. Regarding Nematodirus sp. eggs per gram of faeces (EPG), the autochthonous Orobic breed presented higher values than the cosmopolite breeds. However, cosmopolite goats presented higher EPG values of Strongyloides papillosus than their Orobic counterparts in August. Conclusions Further studies on genetic features of local autochthonous goats, such as the Orobic breed, are needed, since they could reveal peculiar characteristics of susceptibility, resistance or resilience to GIN infection, providing genetic resources for selection.
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Kyriánová I, Kopecký O, Šlosárková S, Vadlejch J. Comparison of internal parasitic fauna in dairy goats at conventional and organic farms in the Czech Republic. Small Rumin Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Sebatjane PN, Njuho PM, Tsotetsi-Khambule AM. Statistical models for helminth faecal egg counts in sheep and goats. Small Rumin Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Olivas-Salazar R, Estrada-Angulo A, Mellado M, Aguilar-Caballero AJ, Castro-Pérez BI, Gutiérrez-Blanco E, Ruiz-Zárate F. Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematode infections in goat flocks on semi-arid rangelands of northeastern Mexico. Trop Anim Health Prod 2017; 50:807-813. [PMID: 29280029 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-017-1499-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infection in goat flocks on semi-arid rangelands of northeastern Mexico (25° N, 350-400 mm annual precipitation). The study included 668 pluriparous goats from 18 herds in five municipalities of Coahuila and Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Five genetic groups were considered (predominance of Boer, Nubian, Alpine, Saanen, and Toggenburg). Fecal samples were taken from the rectum of each animal to determine the number of eggs per gram (EPG) of GIN. The prevalence of flocks with GIN infections was 88.9%. Similar results were observed for the number of goats infected in the flocks. The Alpine breed presented the highest prevalence and highest EPG loads of GIN, whereas Boer and Nubian were the genetic groups with the lowest (P < 0.05) EPG. There was a negative effect of GIN infection on the live weight of goats (P < 0.05). The GIN genera found were Trichostrongylus spp. and Haemonchus spp. It was concluded that in the goat flocks of the semi-arid zones of Mexico was found a high prevalence of infections with gastrointestinal nematodes. The municipality and the breed of the animals were factors that showed influence on this prevalence and the level of infection of the goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Olivas-Salazar
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico.,Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Calzada Antonio Narro N° 1923, Buenavista, CP. 25315, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Estrada-Angulo
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Miguel Mellado
- Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Calzada Antonio Narro N° 1923, Buenavista, CP. 25315, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
| | - Armando Jacinto Aguilar-Caballero
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, km. 15.5 Carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
| | | | - Eduardo Gutiérrez-Blanco
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, km. 15.5 Carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Fernando Ruiz-Zárate
- Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Calzada Antonio Narro N° 1923, Buenavista, CP. 25315, Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico
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Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the genetic resistance of Pakistani goat breeds (Beetal, Teddy, Angora, Nachi) against Haemonchus contortus. In total, 13 animals of each breed, irrespective of sex, were selected. Following artificial infection with 5000 L3 (third stage) larvae of Haemonchus contortus to each animal, susceptibility and resistance of each breed was then assessed on the basis of body weight, feacal egg counts, packed cell volume and FAMACHA system on days 0, 28, 35, and 42. Variation in response of all goat breeds to H. contortus was observed. Better resistance was observed in Teddy and Beetal breeds (P < 0.05) followed by Nachi and Angora breeds. Genetic diversity was noted among these four goat breeds which could be explored further to minimize the use of anthelmintics and to exploit the genetic potential of the different goat breeds.
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Ahmed AM, Sebastiano SR, Sweeney T, Hanrahan JP, Glynn A, Keane OM, Mukhopadhya A, Thornton K, Good B. Breed differences in humoral and cellular responses of lambs to experimental infection with the gastrointestinal nematode Teladorsagia circumcincta. Vet Res 2015; 46:8. [PMID: 25827901 PMCID: PMC4329660 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-014-0137-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
While Texel lambs have increased resistance to infection with the gastrointestinal nematode Teladorsagia circumcincta compared to Suffolk lambs, the underlying resistance mechanisms are still unknown. The aim of this study was to compare parasitological, humoral and cellular responses of Texel and Suffolk lambs over time following a single experimental infection with T. circumcincta. Gastrointestinal nematode free (but not naïve) lambs received a single oral dose of 3 × 104 infective T. circumcincta larvae. The variables examined included worm burden, mucosal and serum IgA, abomasal mast cells and eosinophils, haematological parameters and plasma pepsinogen. Texel lambs had significantly lower worm burden on day 14 and lower plasma pepsinogen concentration from day 14 onwards than Suffolks and their response in mucosal IgA to infection occurred earlier. The results from the study suggest that an earlier local IgA response in the Texel contributes to the resistant characteristics of the breed, while the increased level of plasma pepsinogen in the Suffolk lambs implies greater abomasal tissue damage arising from the nematode infection.
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Rashid S, Irshadullah M. Partial characterization of superoxide dismutase activity in the Barber pole worm-Haemonchus contortus infecting Capra hircus and abomasal tissue extracts. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2014. [DOI: 10.12980/apjtb.4.2014apjtb-2014-0099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Alberti EG, Zanzani SA, Gazzonis AL, Zanatta G, Bruni G, Villa M, Rizzi R, Manfredi MT. Effects of gastrointestinal infections caused by nematodes on milk production in goats in a mountain ecosystem: Comparison between a cosmopolite and a local breed. Small Rumin Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2014.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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