1
|
Sun Z, Sun X, Chen Z, Du J, Wu Y. Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Risk Factors, Molecular Alterations, Immunology and Peptide Vaccines. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021; 28:19. [PMID: 34903958 PMCID: PMC8653808 DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10334-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) arises from the epithelial lining of the oral cavity, hypopharynx, oropharynx, and larynx. There are several potential risk factors that cause the generation of HNSCC, including cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, betel quid chewing, inadequate nutrition, poor oral hygiene, HPV and Epstein–Barr virus, and Candida albicans infections. HNSCC has causative links to both environmental factors and genetic mutations, with the latter playing a more critical role in cancer progression. These molecular changes to epithelial cells include the inactivation of cancer suppressor genes and proto-oncogenes overexpression, resulting in tumour cell proliferation and distant metastasis. HNSCC patients have impaired dendritic cell (DC) and natural killer (NK) cell functions, increased production of higher immune-suppressive molecules, loss of regulatory T cells and co-stimulatory molecules and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class Ι molecules, lower number of lymphocyte subsets, and a poor response to antigen-presenting cells. At present, the standard treatment modalities for HNSCC patients include surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and combinatorial therapy. Despite advances in the development of novel treatment modalities over the last few decades, survival rates of HNSCC patients have not increased. To establish effective immunotherapies, a greater understanding of interactions between the immune system and HNSCC is required, and there is a particular need to develop novel therapeutic options. A therapeutic cancer vaccine has been proposed as a promising method to improve outcome by inducing a powerful adaptive immune response that leads to cancer cell elimination. Compared with other vaccines, peptide cancer vaccines are more robust and specific. In the past few years, there have been remarkable achievements in peptide-based vaccines for HNSCC patients. Here, we summarize the latest molecular alterations in HNSCC, explore the immune response to HNSCC, and discuss the latest developments in peptide-based cancer vaccine strategies. This review highlights areas for valuable future research focusing on peptide-based cancer vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Endodontics, Gaoxin Branch of Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250000 China
| | - Zhanwei Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Stomatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
| | - Yihua Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021 China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Flynn LE, Woodhouse KA. Burn Dressing Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering. Biomed Mater 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49206-9_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
3
|
Kalantari T, Ciric B, Kamali-Sarvestani E, Rostami A. Bone marrow dendritic cells deficient for CD40 and IL-23p19 are tolerogenic in vitro. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:287-292. [PMID: 32440313 PMCID: PMC7229508 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2020.36160.8615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Objective(s): In addition to pro-inflammatory role, dendritic cells (DCs) can also be anti-inflammatory when they acquire tolerogenic phenotype. In this study we tested the role of CD40 and IL-23p19 in antigen presenting function of bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) by comparing BMDCs derived from CD40 knockout (CD40KO-DCs) and IL-23p19 (IL-23p19KO-DCs) knockout mice with those from C57BL/6 mice (Cont-DCs). We have focused on CD40 and IL-23, as these molecules have well established pro-inflammatory roles in a number of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Materials and Methods: The expression of maturation markers MHC II and co-stimulatory molecules CD40, CD80, and CD86 was analyzed by flow cytometry, while the expression of CD40 and IL-23p19 was measured by RT-PCR. The capacity of BMDCs to activate CD4+ T cells was evaluated by 3H-thymidine incorporation, and the capacity of BMDCs to uptake antigen was evaluated using fluorescent OVA and flow cytometry. Results: The lack of CD40 or IL-23p19 had no effect on uptake of FITC-OVA by the DCs, confirming their immature phenotype. Moreover, CD40KO-DCs had significantly reduced capacity to stimulate proliferation of CD4+ T cells. CD4+ T cells activated by CD40KO-DCs and IL-23p19KO-DCs produced significantly less IFN-γ (P-value ≤0.05), while CD4+ T cells stimulated by IL-23p19KO-DCs produced less GM-CSF and more IL-10 than Cont-DCs. Conclusion: This study shows that CD40KO-DCs and IL-23p19KO-DCs have a marked tolerogenic potency in vitro. Future in vivo studies should determine if and to what extent DCs lacking CD40 or IL-23 have a potential to be useful in therapy of autoimmune inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Kalantari
- Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Bogoljub Ciric
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | | | - Abdolmohamad Rostami
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lin J, Wang Z, Wang J, Yang Q. Microarray analysis of infectious bronchitis virus infection of chicken primary dendritic cells. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:557. [PMID: 31286855 PMCID: PMC6615177 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-5940-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a major respiratory disease-causing agent in birds that leads to significant losses. Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialised cells responsible for sampling antigens and presenting them to T cells, which also play an essential role in recognising and neutralising viruses. Recent studies have suggested that non-coding RNAs may regulate the functional program of DCs. Expression of host non-coding RNAs changes markedly during infectious bronchitis virus infection, but their role in regulating host immune function has not been explored. Here, microarrays of mRNAs, miRNAs, and lncRNAs were globally performed to analyse how avian DCs respond to IBV. Results First, we found that IBV stimulation did not enhance the maturation ability of avian DCs. Interestingly, inactivated IBV was better able than IBV to induce DC maturation and activate lymphocytes. We identified 1093 up-regulated and 845 down-regulated mRNAs in IBV-infected avian DCs. Gene Ontology analysis suggested that cellular macromolecule and protein location (GO-BP) and transcription factor binding (GO-MF) were abundant in IBV-stimulated avian DCs. Meanwhile, pathway analysis indicated that the oxidative phosphorylation and leukocyte transendothelial migration signalling pathways might be activated in the IBV group. Moreover, alteration of microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) was detected in IBV-stimulated avian DCs. In total, 19 significantly altered (7 up and 12 down) miRNAs and 101 (75 up and 26 down) lncRNAs were identified in the IBV-treated group. Further analysis showed that the actin cytoskeleton and MAPK signal pathway were related to the target genes of IBV-stimulated miRNAs. Finally, our study identified 2 TF-microRNA and 53 TF–microRNA–mRNA interactions involving 1 TF, 2 miRNAs, and 53 mRNAs in IBV-stimulated avian DCs. Conclusions Our research suggests a new mechanism to explain why IBV actively blocks innate responses needed for inducing immune gene expression and also provides insight into the pathogenic mechanisms of avian IBV. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-5940-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei gang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China.,College of Veterinary medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei gang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhisheng Wang
- National Veterinary Product Engineering Research Center, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jialu Wang
- College of Veterinary medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei gang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei gang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China. .,College of Veterinary medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei gang 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Youssef MAM, Salah Eldeen E, Elsayh KI, Taha SF, Abo-Elela MGM. High dose dexamethasone as an alternative rescue therapy for active bleeding in children with chronic ITP: clinical and immunological effects. Platelets 2018; 30:886-892. [DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2018.1530347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mervat A M Youssef
- Assiut Children Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Eman Salah Eldeen
- Assiut Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Khalid I Elsayh
- Assiut Children Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Samaher F Taha
- Assiut Children Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Aguilera-Insunza R, Venegas LF, Iruretagoyena M, Rojas L, Borzutzky A. Role of dendritic cells in peanut allergy. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2018; 14:367-378. [PMID: 29681186 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2018.1467757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of peanut allergy (PA) has increased, affecting approximately 1.1% of children in Western countries. PA causes life-threatening anaphylaxis and frequently persists for life. There are no standardized curative therapies for PA, and avoidance of peanuts remains the main therapeutic option. A better understanding of the pathogenesis of PA is essential to identify new treatment strategies. Intestinal dendritic cells (DCs) are essential in the induction and maintenance of food tolerance because they present dietary allergens to T cells, thereby directing subsequent immune responses. Areas covered: In this review, we discuss the factors related to the acquisition of oral tolerance to peanut proteins. We focus on intestinal DC-related aspects, including the latest advances in the biology of intestinal DC subtypes, effect of tolerance-inducing factors on DCs, effect of dietary components on oral tolerance, and role of DCs in peanut sensitization. Expert commentary: Given the increasing prevalence of PA, difficulty of avoiding peanut products, and the potentially serious accidental reactions, the development of novel therapies for PA is needed. The ability of DCs to trigger tolerance or immunity makes them an interesting target for new treatment strategies against PA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Aguilera-Insunza
- a Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, School of Medicine , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Santiago , Chile
| | - Luis F Venegas
- b Translational Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology , School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Santiago , Chile
| | - Mirentxu Iruretagoyena
- a Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, School of Medicine , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Santiago , Chile
| | - Leticia Rojas
- b Translational Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology , School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Santiago , Chile
| | - Arturo Borzutzky
- b Translational Allergy and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology , School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Santiago , Chile.,c Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, School of Medicine , Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Santiago , Chile
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Karkhah A, Javanian M, Ebrahimpour S. The role of regulatory T cells in immunopathogenesis and immunotherapy of viral infections. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2018; 59:32-37. [PMID: 29413883 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Two hepatotropic viruses hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) have been considered as the main cause of chronic viral infections. In addition, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) attacks the immune system by eradication of some white blood cell (T-helper cell). The role of Tregs in HCV, HBV and HIV infections ranges from suppressing antiviral T cell responses to protecting tissues as liver and immune cells from immune mediated injury. In this review, we discuss the influence of regulatory T cells in immunopathology of specific viral infections including HCV, HBV and HIV by focusing on targeting Tregs as novel approach in vaccinology against viral infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Karkhah
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mostafa Javanian
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol I.R., Iran
| | - Soheil Ebrahimpour
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol I.R., Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hong J, Kim BS. Regulatory T Cell-Mediated Tissue Repair. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1064:221-233. [PMID: 30471036 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-0445-3_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory T-cells (Treg cells) are a specific group of T-cells that maintain immune homeostasis by counteracting the immune responses of conventional T-cells. So far, the therapeutic applications of Treg cells have focused on the treatment of autoimmune diseases, as depletion of Treg cells or Treg-related genes is known to cause autoimmune defects. However, Treg cells can be a potential solution for tissue repair as they can terminate the pro-inflammatory phase and initiate the anti-inflammatory or regenerative phase at the tissue injury site. This review summarizes the known characteristics of Treg cells and lists examples of their therapeutic applications. The use of Treg cells in the treatment of myocardial infarctions, skeletal muscle injuries, and ischemia injuries has revealed their potential as a promising tissue repair method. We have also discussed the limitations and scope of Treg cells in tissue repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Hong
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung-Soo Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea. .,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea. .,Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Xu X, Liu X, Long J, Hu Z, Zheng Q, Zhang C, Li L, Wang Y, Jia Y, Qiu W, Zhou J, Yao W, Zeng Z. Interleukin-10 reorganizes the cytoskeleton of mature dendritic cells leading to their impaired biophysical properties and motilities. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172523. [PMID: 28234961 PMCID: PMC5325303 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interlukin-10 (IL-10) is an immunomodulatory cytokine which predominantly induces immune-tolerance. It has been also identified as a major cytokine in the tumor microenvironment that markedly mediates tumor immune escape. Previous studies on the roles of IL-10 in tumor immunosuppression mainly focus on its biochemical effects. But the effects of IL-10 on the biophysical characteristics of immune cells are ill-defined. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells and play a key role in the anti-tumor immune response. IL-10 can affect the immune regulatory functions of DCs in various ways. In this study, we aim to explore the effects of IL-10 on the biophysical functions of mature DCs (mDCs). mDCs were treated with different concentrations of IL-10 and their biophysical characteristics were identified. The results showed that the biophysical properties of mDCs, including electrophoresis mobility, osmotic fragility and deformability, as well as their motilities, were impaired by IL-10. Meanwhile, the cytoskeleton (F-actin) of mDCs was reorganized by IL-10. IL-10 caused the alternations in the expressions of fasin1 and profilin1 as well as the phosphorylation of cofilin1 in a concentration-dependent fashion. Moreover, Fourier transformed infrared resonance data showed that IL-10 made the status of gene transcription and metabolic turnover of mDCs more active. These results demonstrate a new aspect of IL-10's actions on the immune system and represent one of the mechanisms for immune escape of tumors. It may provide a valuable clue to optimize and improve the efficiency of DC-based immunotherapy against cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- Engineering Center of Medical Biotechnology Application, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- Hemorheology Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, P.R.China
| | - Xianmei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- Engineering Center of Medical Biotechnology Application, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- Hemorheology Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, P.R.China
| | - Jinhua Long
- Department of Head and Neck, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R.China
| | - Zuquan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- Engineering Center of Medical Biotechnology Application, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Qinni Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Chunlin Zhang
- Engineering Center of Medical Biotechnology Application, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Long Li
- Department of Nephropathy & Rheumatism, Third Affiliated Hospital, Guizhou Medical University, Duyun, P.R.China
| | - Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- Engineering Center of Medical Biotechnology Application, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Yi Jia
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- Engineering Center of Medical Biotechnology Application, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Wei Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- Engineering Center of Medical Biotechnology Application, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- Engineering Center of Medical Biotechnology Application, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
| | - Weijuan Yao
- Hemorheology Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, P.R.China
| | - Zhu Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Medical Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- Engineering Center of Medical Biotechnology Application, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
- School of Biology and Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang A, Yang Y, Wang Y, Zhao G, Yang X, Wang D, Wang B. Adjuvant-active aqueous extracts from Artemisia rupestris L. improve immune responses through TLR4 signaling pathway. Vaccine 2017; 35:1037-1045. [PMID: 28111143 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Activating innate immunity by an adjuvant is required in vaccine development. The study aims to investigate adjuvant effects of aqueous extracts of Artemisia rupestris L. (AEAR) in vivo and in vitro. ICR mice were subcutaneously administered with antigen and AEAR at various doses to evaluate their immune responses of antibodies, dendritic cells (DCs), regulatory T cells (Treg), splenic lymphocyte, and cytokine. The evaluation results showed that AEAR could largely increase titers of antigen-specific antibodies (IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a) and T cell proliferation. AEAR also increased expression of IFN-γ in CD8+T cells as well as IL-4 and INF-γ expression in CD4+T cells. Expression levels of MHC-II, CD40, CD80, and CD86 on DCs were significantly elevated, whereas the Treg frequency was significantly decreased. AEAR (200μg) showed remarkable adjuvant activity. Furthermore, AEAR enhanced MHC-II, CD40, CD80, and CD86 expression as well as the yields of TNF-α and IL-12 on DCs through toll-like receptor4 (TLR4) in vitro. Those results indicated that AEAR could serve as an efficacious immune stimulator for vaccines because it significantly enhanced specific immune responses by promoting DCs maturation and reduced Treg through TLR4 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ailian Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, 14 Shengli Road, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Yu Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, 14 Shengli Road, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Central Laboratory, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Gan Zhao
- Key Lab of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiumei Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, 14 Shengli Road, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China
| | - Danyang Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, 14 Shengli Road, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Key Lab of Medical Molecular Virology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
The Balance between Conventional DCs and Plasmacytoid DCs Is Pivotal for Immunological Tolerance during Pregnancy in the Mouse. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26984. [PMID: 27229324 PMCID: PMC4882543 DOI: 10.1038/srep26984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs), which can shape their functions depending on the microenvironment, are crucial for the delicate balance of immunity and tolerance during pregnancy. However, the mechanism underlying the microenvironment-educated plasticity of DC differentiation during pregnancy remains largely unclear. Here, we found that the differentiation of conventional DCs (cDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) is regulated in a tissue-specific manner during pregnancy. The ratio of cDCs and pDCs remained constant in the spleen. However, the ratio changed in the para-aortic lymph nodes (LNs), where cDC percentages were significantly reduced concurrent with an increase in pDCs from E8.5 to E16.5. Moreover, the expansion of pDCs and T regulatory (Treg) cells was correlated in the para-aortic LNs, and pDCs had more potential to induce regulatory T cells (Tregs) compared with cDCs (independent of IDO expression). Notably, the balance between cDCs and pDCs is disrupted in IFN-γ-induced abnormal pregnancy, accompanied by lower Treg percentages in the para-aortic LNs and decidua. To further identify the underlying mechanism, we found that elevated IFN-γ can increase the levels of GM-CSF to alter the differentiation of pDCs into cDCs in vivo. Therefore, we provide a novel regulatory mechanism underlying pregnancy-related immune tolerance that involves the balance of DC subsets, which may offer a new target for the prevention of human spontaneous abortion.
Collapse
|
12
|
Lash GE. Molecular Cross-Talk at the Feto-Maternal Interface. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2015; 5:cshperspect.a023010. [PMID: 26385089 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a023010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Molecular cross-talk at the feto-maternal interface occurs between many different cell types, including uterine leukocytes, extravillous trophoblast cells, and uterine spiral arteries, is essential for the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. This review concentrates on human pregnancy and examines three main areas in which cross-talk occurs; immune tolerance, regulation of extravillous trophoblast invasion, and remodeling of the uterine spiral arteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gendie E Lash
- Reproductive and Vascular Biology Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Immunity at the Maternal–Fetal Interface. Mucosal Immunol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-415847-4.00114-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
|
14
|
Gordon JR, Ma Y, Churchman L, Gordon SA, Dawicki W. Regulatory dendritic cells for immunotherapy in immunologic diseases. Front Immunol 2014; 5:7. [PMID: 24550907 PMCID: PMC3907717 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We recognize well the abilities of dendritic cells to activate effector T cell (Teff cell) responses to an array of antigens and think of these cells in this context as pre-eminent antigen-presenting cells, but dendritic cells are also critical to the induction of immunologic tolerance. Herein, we review our knowledge on the different kinds of tolerogenic or regulatory dendritic cells that are present or can be induced in experimental settings and humans, how they operate, and the diseases in which they are effective, from allergic to autoimmune diseases and transplant tolerance. The primary conclusions that arise from these cumulative studies clearly indicate that the agent(s) used to induce the tolerogenic phenotype and the status of the dendritic cell at the time of induction influence not only the phenotype of the dendritic cell, but also that of the regulatory T cell responses that they in turn mobilize. For example, while many, if not most, types of induced regulatory dendritic cells lead CD4+ naïve or Teff cells to adopt a CD25+Foxp3+ Treg phenotype, exposure of Langerhans cells or dermal dendritic cells to vitamin D leads in one case to the downstream induction of CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cell responses, while in the other to Foxp3− type 1 regulatory T cells (Tr1) responses. Similarly, exposure of human immature versus semi-mature dendritic cells to IL-10 leads to distinct regulatory T cell outcomes. Thus, it should be possible to shape our dendritic cell immunotherapy approaches for selective induction of different types of T cell tolerance or to simultaneously induce multiple types of regulatory T cell responses. This may prove to be an important option as we target diseases in different anatomic compartments or with divergent pathologies in the clinic. Finally, we provide an overview of the use and potential use of these cells clinically, highlighting their potential as tools in an array of settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John R Gordon
- Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK , Canada
| | - Yanna Ma
- Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK , Canada
| | - Laura Churchman
- Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK , Canada
| | - Sara A Gordon
- Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK , Canada
| | - Wojciech Dawicki
- Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon, SK , Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chrobak P, Afkhami S, Priceputu E, Poudrier J, Meunier C, Hanna Z, Sparwasser T, Jolicoeur P. HIV Nef Expression Favors the Relative Preservation of CD4+ T Regulatory Cells That Retain Some Important Suppressive Functions. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:1681-92. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1203272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
16
|
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) manifested by hypertension and proteinuria complicates 3% to 8% of pregnancies and is a leading cause of fetal-maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. It may lead to intrauterine growth restriction, preterm delivery, and long-term sequelae in women and fetuses, and consequently cause socioeconomic burden to the affected families and society as a whole. Balanced immune responses are required for the maintenance of successful pregnancy. Although not a focus of most studies, decidual cells, the major resident cell type at the fetal-maternal interface, have been shown to modulate the local immune balance by interacting with other cell types, such as bone marrow derived-immune cells, endothelial cells, and invading extravillous trophoblasts. Accumulating evidence suggests that an imbalanced innate immunity, facilitated by decidual cells, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of PE. Thus, this review will discuss the role of innate immunity and the potential contribution of decidual cells in the pathogenesis of PE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ching Yeh
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8063, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Fu J, Zhang A, Ju X. Tolerogenic dendritic cells as a target for the therapy of immune thrombocytopenia. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2012; 18:469-75. [PMID: 22387587 DOI: 10.1177/1076029612438612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease in which platelets are destroyed by special antiplatelet autoantibodies produced by B cells. Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells involved in humoral immunity and cellular immunity and among them DCs that induce autoimmune tolerance are called tolerogenic DCs (tDCs). As a promising immunotherapeutic strategy for ITP, tDCs have received increasing attention. In this review, we describe the significant role of DCs in regulating autoimmune balances, introduce the manipulation strategies to generate tDCs, summarize recent progress on the experimental application of tDCs for ITP therapy, and finally discuss the perspectives of tolerogenic vaccination for ITP treatment in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinqiu Fu
- Shandong University, Shandong, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bauer K, Michel S, Reuschenbach M, Nelius N, von Knebel Doeberitz M, Kloor M. Dendritic cell and macrophage infiltration in microsatellite-unstable and microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer. Fam Cancer 2012; 10:557-65. [PMID: 21598004 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-011-9449-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
High level microsatellite instability (MSI-H) is a hallmark of Lynch syndrome-associated colorectal cancer (CRC). MSI-H CRC express immunogenic tumour antigens as a consequence of DNA mismatch repair deficiency-induced frameshift mutations. Consequently, frameshift antigen-specific immune responses are commonly observed in patients with Lynch syndrome-associated MSI-H CRC. Dendritic cells (DC) and macrophages play a crucial role in the induction and modulation of immune responses. We here analysed DC and macrophage infiltration in MSI-H and microsatellite-stable CRC. Sixty-nine CRC (MSI-H, n = 33; microsatellite-stable, n = 36) were examined for the density of tumour-infiltrating DC, Foxp3-positive regulatory T cells, and CD163-positive macrophages. In MSI-H lesions, S100-positive and CD163-positive cell counts were significantly higher compared to microsatellite-stable lesions (S100: epithelium P = 0.018, stroma P = 0.042; CD163: epithelium P < 0.001, stroma P = 0.046). Additionally, numbers of CD208-positive mature DC were significantly elevated in the epithelial compartment of MSI-H CRC (P = 0.027). High numbers of tumour-infiltrating Foxp3-positive T cells were detected in tumours showing a low proportion of CD208-positive, mature DC among the total number of S100-positive cells. Our study demonstrates that infiltration with DC, mature DC, and macrophages is elevated in MSI-H compared to microsatellite-stable CRC. The positive correlation of Foxp3-positive Treg cell density with a low proportion of mature DC suggests that impaired DC maturation may contribute to local immune evasion in CRC. Our results demonstrate that DC and macrophages in the tumour environment likely play an important role in the induction of antigen-specific immune responses in Lynch syndrome. Moreover, impaired DC maturation might contribute to local immune evasion in CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Bauer
- Department of Applied Tumour Biology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 220, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dexamethasone inhibits immunoreactivity of dendritic cells in patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2011; 21:564-7. [PMID: 20581660 DOI: 10.1097/mbc.0b013e32833c2b8c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the possible effects of dexamethasone treatment on the immunoreactivity of dendritic cells in patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Thirty-six newly diagnosed patients with chronic ITP received an oral high dose of dexamethasone (HD-DXM) at single daily doses of 40 mg for 4 consecutive days. The CD14 leukocytes isolated from the 21 remission patients and 10 normal controls were stimulated by recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and rhIL-4. The surface antigens of the dendritic cells were analyzed by flow cytometry and the level of IL-12p70 in the supernatant was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In ITP patients, the expression of both CD80 and CD86 in dendritic cells were significantly increased compared with those of the normal controls (51.60 +/- 13.47 vs. 36.03 +/- 15.43%, 61.50 +/- 15.93 vs. 40.28 +/- 11.49%, respectively; P < 0.05). After HD-DXM treatment, both CD80 and CD86 were decreased to levels comparable to normal controls (P > 0.05). The level of IL-12p70 in ITP patients was significantly higher (67.52 +/- 14.43 pg/ml) than the controls (39.78 +/- 10.03 pg/ml, P < 0.05). After treatment, IL-12p70 was reduced to 43.90 +/- 8.49 pg/ml with no significant differences between ITP group and control (P > 0.05). Dendritic cells and their cytokine secretion play important roles in ITP, and DXM may achieve its therapeutic effect on ITP by inhibiting immune responses through suppressing the function of dendritic cells.
Collapse
|
20
|
Laresgoiti-Servitje E, Gomez-Lopez N, Olson DM. An immunological insight into the origins of pre-eclampsia. Hum Reprod Update 2010; 16:510-24. [DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmq007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
|
21
|
Durrant LG, Pudney V, Spendlove I, Metheringham RL. Vaccines as early therapeutic interventions for cancer therapy: neutralising the immunosuppressive tumour environment and increasing T cell avidity may lead to improved responses. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2010; 10:735-48. [DOI: 10.1517/14712591003769790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
22
|
Hu Z, Liu S, Mai X, Hu Z, Liu C. Anti-tumor effects of fusion vaccine prepared by renal cell carcinoma 786-O cell line and peripheral blood dendritic cells of healthy volunteers in vitro and in human immune reconstituted SCID mice. Cell Immunol 2010; 262:112-9. [PMID: 20167310 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2010.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2009] [Revised: 01/07/2010] [Accepted: 01/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC), as professional antigen presenting cells, play the central role in the process of body initiating the anti-tumor immunity, and the study on DC anti-tumor vaccine has become heated in recent years. In this study, we used polyethylene glycol (PEG) to induce renal cell carcinoma (RCC) 786-O cell line fused with peripheral blood DC of healthy volunteers, and discuss the biological characteristics of fusion vaccine and its anti-tumor effects in vitro and in human immune reconstituted SCID mice model of RCC. The study found that PEG could effectively induce cell fusion, and the expressions of CD86 and HLA-DR in fusion vaccine group were significantly up-regulated compared with the DC control group; the secretion of IL-12 was much higher and longer than that of the control; the functions of dendritic cell-tumor fusion vaccine to stimulate the proliferation of allogenic T lymphocytes and to kill RCC786-O cells in vitro were significantly higher than those of the control group, and after the killing, apoptosis body was observed in the target cells; after the injection of fusion vaccine into human immune reconstituted SCID mice model of RCC786-O via vena caudalis, the volume of mice tumor was reduced significantly, proliferation index of tumor cells decreased obviously compared with that of the control group, and more hemorrhage and putrescence focuses presented, accompanying large quantity of lymphocytes soakage. The results of this experimental study shows that fusion vaccine of RCC786-O cell line and DC can significantly stimulate the proliferation of allogenic T cells and specifically inhibit and kill RCC cells in vitro and in vivo, which makes the DC-RCC786-O fusion vaccine a possible new way of effective RCC immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Hu
- Department of Urological Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, PRC 400010, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kang HG, Lee JE, Yang SH, Lee SH, Gao W, Strom TB, Oh K, Lee DS, Kim YS. Donor-strain-derived immature dendritic cell pre-treatment induced hyporesponsiveness against allogeneic antigens. Immunology 2009; 129:567-77. [PMID: 20102412 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2009.03158.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The maturation of antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DCs) serves as an important determinant for the regulation of immunity, and overall immune response. We hypothesized that a reduced immune response to donor alloantigens and improved allograft survival could be induced by pre-treating recipients with bone-marrow-derived donor-strain fixed immature DCs (FIDCs). Donor-strain-derived mature and immature DCs were fixed before grafting to ensure that they possessed a stable immunogenic phenotype. The fixed mature DCs effectively induced allogeneic T-cell proliferation in recipients, whereas FIDCs were unable to elicit an allogeneic T-cell response. T cells that had previously been exposed to FIDCs maintained naïve phenotypes and were unable to extensively divide after injection into lethally irradiated donor-strain mice. The pre-treatment of recipients with donor-strain FIDCs markedly prolonged the survival of islet as well as skin allografts. However, T-cell hyporesponsiveness induced by FIDC injection was abrogated by the depletion of CD4(+) CD25(+) T cells. Consequently, FIDC-induced T-cell hyporesponsiveness could reflect anergy rather than specific deletion. Our findings suggest that FIDCs of donor strain could be used to induce long-term graft survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee Gyung Kang
- Kidney Research Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Law HKW, Cheung CY, Sia SF, Chan YO, Peiris JSM, Lau YL. Toll-like receptors, chemokine receptors and death receptor ligands responses in SARS coronavirus infected human monocyte derived dendritic cells. BMC Immunol 2009; 10:35. [PMID: 19505311 PMCID: PMC2700820 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2172-10-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2008] [Accepted: 06/08/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The SARS outbreak in 2003 provides a unique opportunity for the study of human responses to a novel virus. We have previously reported that dendritic cells (DCs) might be involved in the immune escape mechanisms for SARS-CoV. In this study, we focussed on the gene expression of toll-like receptors (TLRs), chemokine receptors (CCRs) and death receptor ligands in SARS-CoV infected DCs. We also compared adult and cord blood (CB) DCs to find a possible explanation for the age-dependent severity of SARS. Results Our results demonstrates that SARS-CoV did not modulate TLR-1 to TLR-10 gene expression but significantly induced the expression of CCR-1, CCR-3, and CCR-5. There was also strong induction of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), but not Fas ligand gene expression in SARS-CoV infected DCs. Interestingly, the expressions of most genes studied were higher in CB DCs than adult DCs. Conclusion The upregulation of chemokines and CCRs may facilitate DC migration from the infection site to the lymph nodes, whereas the increase of TRAIL may induce lymphocyte apoptosis. These findings may explain the increased lung infiltrations and lymphoid depletion in SARS patients. Further explorations of the biological significance of these findings are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen K W Law
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Jockey Club Clinical Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, PR China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Gautier EL, Huby T, Saint-Charles F, Ouzilleau B, Pirault J, Deswaerte V, Ginhoux F, Miller ER, Witztum JL, Chapman MJ, Lesnik P. Conventional Dendritic Cells at the Crossroads Between Immunity and Cholesterol Homeostasis in Atherosclerosis. Circulation 2009; 119:2367-75. [DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.108.807537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background—
Immunoinflammatory mechanisms are implicated in the atherogenic process. The polarization of the immune response and the nature of the immune cells involved, however, are major determinants of the net effect, which may be either proatherogenic or antiatherogenic. Dendritic cells (DCs) are central to the regulation of immunity, the polarization of the immune response, and the induction of tolerance to antigens. The potential role of DCs in atherosclerosis, however, remains to be defined.
Methods and Results—
We created a mouse model in which the lifespan and immunogenicity of conventional DCs are enhanced by specific overexpression of the antiapoptotic gene
hBcl-2
under the control of the CD11c promoter. When studied in either low-density lipoprotein receptor–deficient or apolipoprotein E–deficient backgrounds,
DC-hBcl2
mice exhibited an expanded DC population associated with enhanced T-cell activation, a T-helper 1 and T-helper 17 cytokine expression profile, and elevated production of T-helper 1–driven IgG2c autoantibodies directed against oxidation-specific epitopes. This proatherogenic signature, however, was not associated with acceleration of atherosclerotic plaque progression, because expansion of the DC population was unexpectedly associated with an atheroprotective decrease in plasma cholesterol levels. Conversely, depletion of DCs in hyperlipidemic CD11c–diphtheria toxin receptor/apolipoprotein E–deficient transgenic mice resulted in enhanced cholesterolemia, thereby arguing for a close relationship between the DC population and plasma cholesterol levels.
Conclusions—
Considered together, the present data reveal that conventional DCs are central to the atherosclerotic process, because they are directly implicated in both cholesterol homeostasis and the immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel L. Gautier
- From INSERM UMR-S 939, Hôpital de la Pitié (E.L.G., T.H., F.S.-C., B.O., J.P., V.D., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris 06, UMR-S 939 (E.L.G., T.H., F.S.-C., B.O., J.P., V.D., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service d’Endocrinologie-Métabolisme (T.H., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (E.R.M., J.L.W.), La Jolla,
| | - Thierry Huby
- From INSERM UMR-S 939, Hôpital de la Pitié (E.L.G., T.H., F.S.-C., B.O., J.P., V.D., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris 06, UMR-S 939 (E.L.G., T.H., F.S.-C., B.O., J.P., V.D., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service d’Endocrinologie-Métabolisme (T.H., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (E.R.M., J.L.W.), La Jolla,
| | - Flora Saint-Charles
- From INSERM UMR-S 939, Hôpital de la Pitié (E.L.G., T.H., F.S.-C., B.O., J.P., V.D., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris 06, UMR-S 939 (E.L.G., T.H., F.S.-C., B.O., J.P., V.D., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service d’Endocrinologie-Métabolisme (T.H., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (E.R.M., J.L.W.), La Jolla,
| | - Betty Ouzilleau
- From INSERM UMR-S 939, Hôpital de la Pitié (E.L.G., T.H., F.S.-C., B.O., J.P., V.D., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris 06, UMR-S 939 (E.L.G., T.H., F.S.-C., B.O., J.P., V.D., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service d’Endocrinologie-Métabolisme (T.H., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (E.R.M., J.L.W.), La Jolla,
| | - John Pirault
- From INSERM UMR-S 939, Hôpital de la Pitié (E.L.G., T.H., F.S.-C., B.O., J.P., V.D., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris 06, UMR-S 939 (E.L.G., T.H., F.S.-C., B.O., J.P., V.D., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service d’Endocrinologie-Métabolisme (T.H., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (E.R.M., J.L.W.), La Jolla,
| | - Virginie Deswaerte
- From INSERM UMR-S 939, Hôpital de la Pitié (E.L.G., T.H., F.S.-C., B.O., J.P., V.D., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris 06, UMR-S 939 (E.L.G., T.H., F.S.-C., B.O., J.P., V.D., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service d’Endocrinologie-Métabolisme (T.H., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (E.R.M., J.L.W.), La Jolla,
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- From INSERM UMR-S 939, Hôpital de la Pitié (E.L.G., T.H., F.S.-C., B.O., J.P., V.D., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris 06, UMR-S 939 (E.L.G., T.H., F.S.-C., B.O., J.P., V.D., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service d’Endocrinologie-Métabolisme (T.H., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (E.R.M., J.L.W.), La Jolla,
| | - Elizabeth R. Miller
- From INSERM UMR-S 939, Hôpital de la Pitié (E.L.G., T.H., F.S.-C., B.O., J.P., V.D., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris 06, UMR-S 939 (E.L.G., T.H., F.S.-C., B.O., J.P., V.D., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service d’Endocrinologie-Métabolisme (T.H., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (E.R.M., J.L.W.), La Jolla,
| | - Joseph L. Witztum
- From INSERM UMR-S 939, Hôpital de la Pitié (E.L.G., T.H., F.S.-C., B.O., J.P., V.D., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris 06, UMR-S 939 (E.L.G., T.H., F.S.-C., B.O., J.P., V.D., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service d’Endocrinologie-Métabolisme (T.H., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (E.R.M., J.L.W.), La Jolla,
| | - M. John Chapman
- From INSERM UMR-S 939, Hôpital de la Pitié (E.L.G., T.H., F.S.-C., B.O., J.P., V.D., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris 06, UMR-S 939 (E.L.G., T.H., F.S.-C., B.O., J.P., V.D., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service d’Endocrinologie-Métabolisme (T.H., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (E.R.M., J.L.W.), La Jolla,
| | - Philippe Lesnik
- From INSERM UMR-S 939, Hôpital de la Pitié (E.L.G., T.H., F.S.-C., B.O., J.P., V.D., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Paris 06, UMR-S 939 (E.L.G., T.H., F.S.-C., B.O., J.P., V.D., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service d’Endocrinologie-Métabolisme (T.H., M.J.C., P.L.), Paris, France; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (E.R.M., J.L.W.), La Jolla,
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Cheatem D, Ganesh BB, Gangi E, Vasu C, Prabhakar BS. Modulation of dendritic cells using granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) delays type 1 diabetes by enhancing CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell function. Clin Immunol 2009; 131:260-70. [PMID: 19171501 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2008.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2008] [Revised: 11/12/2008] [Accepted: 12/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abnormalities in DC function are implicated in defective immune regulation that leads to type-1 diabetes (T1D) in NOD mice and humans. In this study, we used GM-CSF and Flt3-L to modulate DC function in NOD mice and observed the effects on T1D development. Treatment with either ligand at earlier stages of insulitis suppressed the development of T1D. Unlike Flt3-L, GM-CSF was more effective in suppressing T1D, even when administered at later stages of insulitis. In vitro studies and in vivo adoptive transfer experiments revealed that CD4+CD25+ T cells from GM-CSF-treated mice could suppress effector T cell response and T1D. This suppression is likely mediated through enhanced IL-10 and TGF-beta1 production. Adoptive transfer of GM-CSF exposed DCs to naive mice resulted in an expansion of Foxp3+ T cells and a significant delay in T1D onset. Our results indicate that GM-CSF acted primarily on DCs and caused an expansion of Foxp3+ Tregs which delayed the onset of T1D in NOD mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donald Cheatem
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology (MC790), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Burn Dressing Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering. Biomed Mater 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-84872-3_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
28
|
Meriggioli MN, Sheng JR, Li L, Prabhakar BS. Strategies for treating autoimmunity: novel insights from experimental myasthenia gravis. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2008; 1132:276-82. [PMID: 18567878 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1405.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Current treatments for myasthenia gravis (MG) rely upon the administration of immunosuppressive agents which result in global, nonspecific attenuation of the immune response. An alternative approach would be to attempt to design therapies that specifically dampen autoreactivity without affecting general immunity. Recently, dendritic cells (DCs) have been shown to possess potent capabilities to tolerize T cells in an antigen-specific manner. We have observed that the selective activation of particular subsets of DCs utilizing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) had profound effects on the induction of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG). Specifically, treatment with GM-CSF effectively suppressed the induction of EAMG and down-modulated anti-AChR T cell and pathogenic antibody responses. These effects were associated with the activation of tolerogenic DCs, the enhanced production of suppressive cytokines, such as IL-10, and the mobilization of CD4(+)CD25(+) and FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs). We have further shown that GM-CSF effectively ameliorates clinical disease severity in mice with active, ongoing EAMG. Based on these observations, we hypothesize that the selective activation of particular DC subsets in vivo using pharmacologic agents, like GM-CSF, can suppress ongoing anti-AChR immune responses by mobilizing antigen-specific Tregs capable of suppressing autoimmune MG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew N Meriggioli
- Section of Neuromuscular Disease, Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Yarkoni S, Kaminitz A, Sagiv Y, Yaniv I, Askenasy N. Involvement of IL-2 in homeostasis of regulatory T cells: the IL-2 cycle. Bioessays 2008; 30:875-88. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.20812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
30
|
Kuo YR, Huang CW, Goto S, Wang CT, Hsu LW, Lin YC, Yang KD, Chen CL, Lee WPA. Alloantigen-pulsed host dendritic cells induce T-cell regulation and prolong allograft survival in a rat model of hindlimb allotransplantation. J Surg Res 2008; 153:317-25. [PMID: 19101689 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2008.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2008] [Revised: 05/22/2008] [Accepted: 05/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Composite tissue allotransplantation is restricted due to the risks presented by long-term therapeutic immunosuppression. This study is conducted to investigate whether treatment with recipient immature dendritic cells (DCs) pulsed with donor alloantigens can prolong allograft survival and induce T-cell regulation in a rodent model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Orthotopic hindlimb transplants from Brown-Norway (RT1(n)) to Lewis (RT1(1)) rats were performed (day 0). DCs were propagated from the recipient bone marrow and pulsed with the donor alloantigen lysate. Group 1 (control group) did not receive any treatment. Groups 2 and 3 received cyclosporine A (CsA) at a concentration of 10 and 16 mg.kg(-1).day(-1), respectively, on days 0-20 following composite tissue allotransplantation. Group 4 received antilymphocyte serum (i.p. administered 4 d before and 1 d after transplantation) therapy. Group 5 received combined treatment with CsA (10 mg.kg(-1).day(-1), days 0-20) and donor alloantigen-pulsed recipient DCs (i.v. administered on days 7, 14, and 21). Group 6 received combined treatment with CsA (10 mg.kg(-1).day(-1) on days 0-20), antilymphocyte serum (administered i.p. 4 d before and 1 d after transplantation), and DCs (administered i.v. on days 7, 14, and 21). Graft rejection was defined as epidermolysis/desquamation of the donor skin. The mixed lymphocyte reaction was performed to determine the donor T-cell reactivity. Tissue samples were biopsied to analyze the histological changes, and flow cytometry was performed to quantify the donor T-cells. RESULTS Allograft survival was significantly prolonged (>200 d) in Group 6 when compared with the other groups (P < 0.001). The mixed lymphocyte reaction performed for Group 6 revealed hyporesponsiveness of the T-cells to donor alloantigens. Flow cytometric analysis in Group 6 revealed a significant increase in the percentage of CD4(+)/CD25(+) and CD4(+)/foxP3(+) T-cells expression, and significant increase in the percentage of donor cells (RT1(n)) in the recipient peripheral blood. Immunohistochemical staining of allo-skin revealed a significant increase in the proportion of CD25(+) cells in the subcutaneous and dermis layers in Group 6, as compared to other groups. CONCLUSION Treatment with donor alloantigen-pulsed recipient immature DCs in combination with transient immunosuppression prolongs allograft survival and induced tolerance by inducing T-cell hyporesponsiveness to donor alloantigens and increasing the CD4(+)/CD25(+) T-cell population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yur-Ren Kuo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taiwan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
George JF, Braun A, Brusko TM, Joseph R, Bolisetty S, Wasserfall CH, Atkinson MA, Agarwal A, Kapturczak MH. Suppression by CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells is dependent on expression of heme oxygenase-1 in antigen-presenting cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2008. [PMID: 18511516 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2008.0709632438293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has been viewed as a cytoprotective protein, ameliorating the effects of inflammatory cellular damage, and as beneficial in allograft protection from acute and chronic rejection, suggesting important functions in both innate and adaptive immune responses. Mice deficient in HO-1 exhibit defective immune regulation characterized by a proinflammatory phenotype. We examined if impaired regulatory T cell (Treg) function contributes to the immunoregulatory defects observed in HO-1(-/-) mice. HO-1(-/-) mice exhibited a significantly higher proportion of Foxp3-expressing cells among total CD4(+) and CD4(+)CD25(+) cells in comparison to HO-1(+/+) mice, and HO-1(-/-) Treg cells were at least as effective as HO-1(+/+) Treg cells in suppressing proliferation of effector T cells in vitro from either HO-1(+/+) or HO-1(-/-) mice. However, the absence of HO-1 in antigen-presenting cells abolished the suppressive activity of Treg cells on effector T cells. These findings demonstrate that HO-1 activity in antigen-presenting cells is important for Treg-mediated suppression, providing an explanation for the apparent defect in immune regulation in HO-1(-/-) mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James F George
- Departments of Surgery, Nephrology Research and Training Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
George JF, Braun A, Brusko TM, Joseph R, Bolisetty S, Wasserfall CH, Atkinson MA, Agarwal A, Kapturczak MH. Suppression by CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells is dependent on expression of heme oxygenase-1 in antigen-presenting cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2008; 173:154-60. [PMID: 18511516 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2008.070963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has been viewed as a cytoprotective protein, ameliorating the effects of inflammatory cellular damage, and as beneficial in allograft protection from acute and chronic rejection, suggesting important functions in both innate and adaptive immune responses. Mice deficient in HO-1 exhibit defective immune regulation characterized by a proinflammatory phenotype. We examined if impaired regulatory T cell (Treg) function contributes to the immunoregulatory defects observed in HO-1(-/-) mice. HO-1(-/-) mice exhibited a significantly higher proportion of Foxp3-expressing cells among total CD4(+) and CD4(+)CD25(+) cells in comparison to HO-1(+/+) mice, and HO-1(-/-) Treg cells were at least as effective as HO-1(+/+) Treg cells in suppressing proliferation of effector T cells in vitro from either HO-1(+/+) or HO-1(-/-) mice. However, the absence of HO-1 in antigen-presenting cells abolished the suppressive activity of Treg cells on effector T cells. These findings demonstrate that HO-1 activity in antigen-presenting cells is important for Treg-mediated suppression, providing an explanation for the apparent defect in immune regulation in HO-1(-/-) mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James F George
- Departments of Surgery, Nephrology Research and Training Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Sheng JR, Li LC, Ganesh BB, Prabhakar BS, Meriggioli MN. Regulatory T cells induced by GM-CSF suppress ongoing experimental myasthenia gravis. Clin Immunol 2008; 128:172-80. [PMID: 18502693 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2008.03.509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2008] [Revised: 03/21/2008] [Accepted: 03/21/2008] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We had previously observed that treatment utilizing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) had profound effects on the induction of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG), a well-characterized antibody-mediated autoimmune disease. In this study, we show that EAMG induced by repeated immunizations with acetylcholine receptor (AChR) protein in C57BL6 mice is effectively suppressed by GM-CSF treatment administered at a stage of chronic, well-established disease. In addition, this amelioration of clinical disease is accompanied by down-modulation of both autoreactive T cell, and pathogenic autoantibody responses, a mobilization of DCs with a tolerogenic phenotype, and an expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) that potently suppress AChR-stimulated T cell proliferation in vitro. These observations suggest that the mobilization of antigen-specific Tregs in vivo using pharmacologic agents, like GM-CSF, can modulate ongoing anti-AChR immune responses capable of suppressing antibody-mediated autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Rong Sheng
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL-60612, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Long-term survival of limb allografts induced by pharmacologically conditioned, donor alloantigen-pulsed dendritic cells without maintenance immunosuppression. Transplantation 2008; 85:237-46. [PMID: 18212629 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0b013e31815e870e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We showed recently that limb allograft survival could be enhanced by administration of alloantigen (Ag)-pulsed immature dendritic cells (DC) after transplantation. Since indefinite graft survival was not achieved, we have further modified the DC by pharmacologic (rapamycin; Rapa) conditioning and ascertained their influence on graft survival, without continued immunosuppressive therapy. METHODS We compared the ability of donor Ag-pulsed, Rapa-conditioned rat myeloid DC (Rapa DC) and control DC (CTR DC) to inhibit alloreactive T-cell responses after limb transplantation in antilymphocyte serum (ALS)-treated recipients given a short postoperative course of cyclosporine (CsA). RESULTS Both DC populations expressed similar levels of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II, CD40 and CD54, but Rapa DC expressed lower CD86. After toll-like receptor activation, both populations produced minimal interleukin (IL)-12p70, but Rapa DC secreted lower levels of IL-6 and IL-10. The capacity of DCs to stimulate T-cell proliferation in mixed leukocyte reactions was very low. Pulsing of the DC with donor Ag did not alter their phenotype or function. Interestingly, posttransplant administration of donor Ag-pulsed Rapa DC to rats given perioperative ALS and 21 days CsA significantly delayed graft rejection and promoted long-term (>125 days) graft survival. AlloAg-pulsed Rapa DC induced T-cell hyporesponsiveness and promoted the generation of IL-10-secreting CD4 T cells upon ex vivo challenge. CONCLUSIONS Infusion of donor Ag-pulsed, Rapa-conditioned DC after composite tissue transplantation can prevent rejection of the grafts, including skin, across a full MHC mismatch and in the absence of continued immunosuppressive therapy.
Collapse
|
35
|
Huang SJ, Chen CP, Schatz F, Rahman M, Abrahams VM, Lockwood CJ. Pre-eclampsia is associated with dendritic cell recruitment into the uterine decidua. J Pathol 2008; 214:328-36. [PMID: 18069648 DOI: 10.1002/path.2257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Pre-eclampsia is a leading cause of fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality that preferentially affects primiparous patients. It is associated with systemic inflammation and impaired trophoblast invasion of the decidua. Decidual cells are the major cell type of the pregnant endometrium. Macrophages and dendritic cells are major specialized antigen-presenting cells that promote both innate immunity and immune tolerance. Macrophage infiltration is implicated in impaired trophoblast invasion that leads to pre-eclampsia. By contrast, the potential modulating role of decidual dendritic cells in the genesis of pre-eclampsia has not been investigated. Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, has been implicated in the genesis of pre-eclampsia. Thus, we postulate that pre-eclampsia would be associated with enhanced decidual dendritic cells infiltration and that IL-1beta would enhance the production of relevant dendritic cell-recruiting chemokines. We used immunohistochemistry to demonstrate a marked infiltrate of immature and mature dendritic cells in pre-eclamptic decidua. Further, immunohistochemistry and immunoassays of placental bed biopsies revealed that pre-eclamptic decidua displays elevated levels of several monocyte- and dendritic cell-recruiting chemokines. Leukocyte-free first-trimester decidual cells were then treated with IL-1beta, which enhanced the mRNA and protein expression of these chemokines. The current study also confirmed previous reports that macrophages directly impaired trophoblast invasion and that this inhibitory effect is augmented by the conditioned medium of IL-1beta-treated first-trimester decidual cells. However, unlike macrophages, dendritic cells did not directly impede trophoblast invasion. This study demonstrates that the inflammatory milieu of pre-eclampsia induces decidual cells to promote dendritic cell infiltration. Given their unusual versatility in mediating both immunity and tolerance, these novel findings suggest that dendritic cells may play a critical role either in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia or its prevention in subsequent pregnancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S J Huang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Li M, Zhang X, Zheng X, Lian D, Zhang ZX, Sun H, Suzuki M, Vladau C, Huang X, Xia X, Zhong R, Garcia B, Min WP. Tolerogenic dendritic cells transferring hyporesponsiveness and synergizing T regulatory cells in transplant tolerance. Int Immunol 2008; 20:285-93. [DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxm142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
|
37
|
Prolongation of Composite Tissue Allograft Survival by Immature Recipient Dendritic Cells Pulsed with Donor Antigen and Transient Low-Dose Immunosuppression. Plast Reconstr Surg 2008; 121:37-49. [DOI: 10.1097/01.prs.0000293754.55706.7f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
38
|
Denning TL, Wang YC, Patel SR, Williams IR, Pulendran B. Lamina propria macrophages and dendritic cells differentially induce regulatory and interleukin 17-producing T cell responses. Nat Immunol 2007; 8:1086-94. [PMID: 17873879 DOI: 10.1038/ni1511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 781] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2007] [Accepted: 08/15/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal immune system must elicit robust immunity against harmful pathogens but must also restrain immune responses directed against commensal microbes and dietary antigens. The mechanisms that maintain this dichotomy are poorly understood. Here we describe a population of CD11b+F4/80+CD11c- macrophages in the lamina propria that expressed several anti-inflammatory molecules, including interleukin 10 (IL-10), but little or no proinflammatory cytokines, even after stimulation with Toll-like receptor ligands. These macrophages induced, by a mechanism dependent on IL-10, retinoic acid and exogenous transforming growth factor-beta, the differentiation of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. In contrast, lamina propria CD11b+ dendritic cells elicited IL-17 production. This IL-17 production was suppressed by lamina propria macrophages, indicating that a dynamic interaction between these subsets may influence the balance between immune activation and tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy L Denning
- Vaccine Research Center and Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yu J, Heck S, Yazdanbakhsh K. Prevention of red cell alloimmunization by CD25 regulatory T cells in mouse models. Am J Hematol 2007; 82:691-6. [PMID: 17492644 PMCID: PMC3607942 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.20959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Transfusion therapy is currently an effective therapeutic intervention in a number of diseases, including sickle cell disease. However, its use is complicated by a high incidence of red blood cell (RBC) alloimmunization in the transfusion recipients. The identification of T regulatory cells (Tregs) among the CD4(+) CD25(+) T cell subset as key regulators of peripheral tolerance in mice as well as humans has opened an exciting era in the prevention and treatment of autoimmune disease and for improving organ transplantation. However, their potential in inducing transfusion tolerance remains to be explored. We used red cells from mice transgenic for human glycophorin A blood group antigen as donor cells and transfused wild-type mice to induce alloantibodies, as an experimental system to study RBC alloimmunization. We found that depletion with anti-CD25 enhanced the alloantibody production, indicating that CD25 Tregs play an important role in regulation of alloantibody responses. More importantly, adoptive transfer of purified population of CD4(+)CD25(+) but not CD4(+)CD25(-) cells from naïve mice prevented the induction of IgG and IgM alloantibody production in transfusion recipients, with a concomitant reduction in activated splenic B cells and macrophages. Similarly, adoptive transfer of purified populations of CD4(+)CD25(+) cells from naïve mice into naïve syngeneic recipients inhibited the anti-Ig response to rat RBCs in the recipients but transfer of control CD4(+)CD25(-) cells did not. Altogether, our results demonstrate that Tregs participate in the control of transfusion-associated RBC alloantibody responses, opening up the possibility that Treg immunotherapy may be exploited for suppressing transfusion immunization events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Yu
- Laboratory of Complement Biology, New York Blood Center, New York, New York
| | - Susanne Heck
- Flow Cytometry Laboratory, New York Blood Center, New York, New York
| | - Karina Yazdanbakhsh
- Laboratory of Complement Biology, New York Blood Center, New York, New York
- Correspondence to: Karina Yazdanbakhsh, PhD, Laboratory of Complement Biology, New York Blood Center, 310, E 67th Street, New York, NY 10021.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Takenaka S, Safroneeva E, Xing Z, Gauldie J. Dendritic cells derived from murine colonic mucosa have unique functional and phenotypic characteristics. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2007; 178:7984-93. [PMID: 17548635 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.178.12.7984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) residing in different tissues and exposed to different organisms are likely to have different reactivities to their surrounding environment. Many studies use in vitro generated DCs to examine functions of these cells, but such cells may not truly reflect the nature of DCs and their in situ activities in vivo. We have used magnetic label-based technique to isolate colonic DCs to conduct derailed characterization of these cells. Colonic DCs comprise mainly CD11b+ DCs with few CD8alpha+ DCs or plasmacytoid DCs. Functionally, isolated colonic DCs are able to endocytose and process proteins, undergo maturation, and stimulate T cells to proliferate. Importantly, expression of TLRs by colonic DCs is significantly lower than that of their spleen counterparts; however, they appear to be as, or more, responsive to stimulation by oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motif based on their cytokine production. We speculate that colonic DCs have unique reactivities differing from DCs residing in other lymphoid tissues and are adapted for the unique microenvironment of the colonic mucosa and that these cells react uniquely to their environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunsuke Takenaka
- Center for Gene Therapeutics, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Markovic SN, Suman VJ, Rao RA, Ingle JN, Kaur JS, Erickson LA, Pitot HC, Croghan GA, McWilliams RR, Merchan J, Kottschade LA, Nevala WK, Uhl CB, Allred J, Creagan ET. A phase II study of ABT-510 (thrombospondin-1 analog) for the treatment of metastatic melanoma. Am J Clin Oncol 2007; 30:303-9. [PMID: 17551310 DOI: 10.1097/01.coc.0000256104.80089.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Thrombospondins are natural inhibitors of angiogenesis, tumor metastases, and tumor growth (melanoma). ABT-510 is a synthetic analog of thrombospondin-1, well tolerated in phase I studies. We conducted a phase II trial evaluating the clinical efficacy of ABT-510 and its effects on biomarkers of angiogenesis and immunity in patients with metastatic melanoma (MM). PATIENTS AND METHODS A 2-stage phase II clinical trial was conducted to assess the clinical efficacy, safety, and pharmacodynamic effects (angiogenesis and immunity) of ABT-510 in patients with stage IV melanoma. The primary endpoint was 18-week treatment failure rate. Patients self-administered 100 mg of ABT-510 subcutaneously twice daily. Blood samples were collected at baseline and every 3 weeks while on therapy. Eligible patients demonstrated measurable disease, good performance status and no evidence of intracranial metastases. Correlative laboratory studies evaluated biomarkers of angiogenesis and immunity. RESULTS Twenty-one patients were enrolled. Most patients were stage M1c (71%) and all had prior therapy for MM. Only 3 of the first 20 patients enrolled were progression free and on treatment at 18 weeks resulting in early termination of the study. Decreases in peripheral blood VEGF-A levels and VEGF-C levels, and CD146 and CD34/133 counts relative to pretreatment were detected. Limited changes in antitumor T cell immunity were observed. CONCLUSIONS ABT-510 therapy administered at 100 mg twice/day in patients with MM did not demonstrate definite clinical efficacy. Further dose escalation or combination with cytotoxic therapy may be more effective therapeutically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svetomir N Markovic
- Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Feili-Hariri M, Flores RR, Vasquez AC, Morel PA. Dendritic cell immunotherapy for autoimmune diabetes. Immunol Res 2007; 36:167-73. [PMID: 17337777 DOI: 10.1385/ir:36:1:167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/1999] [Revised: 11/30/1999] [Accepted: 11/30/1999] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) play important roles in the initiation of immune responses and maintenance of self-tolerance. We have been studying the role of DC in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes and exploring the ability of specific DC subsets to prevent diabetes in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. DC subsets that prevent diabetes in this model have a mature phenotype and induce the production of regulatory Th2 cells. We review here recent advances in this area and highlight the importance of optimizing culture conditions and purification methods in the isolation of therapeutic DC.
Collapse
|
43
|
Johnson BF, Clay TM, Hobeika AC, Lyerly HK, Morse MA. Vascular endothelial growth factor and immunosuppression in cancer: current knowledge and potential for new therapy. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2007; 7:449-60. [PMID: 17373897 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.7.4.449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Two decades of research into the role of immunosuppression and angiogenesis in tumor biology have revealed multiple links between the two. Vascular endothelial growth factor, originally thought to be solely involved in vascular growth and permeability, has emerged as a significant agent of immune tolerance in the tumor microenvironment. This review examines two major elements of this field: the research behind the role of vascular endothelial growth factor in immunosuppression, especially as pertains to dendritic cell function; and the subsequent research into the potential for using antiangiogenic therapy to both starve tumors by hypoxia and enhance the response of tumors to immunotherapy. Several strategies tested so far have yielded incomplete, yet promising, results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin F Johnson
- Duke University Medical Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Box 2606, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Pászthy B, Svec P, Vásárhelyi B, Túry F, Mazzag J, Tulassay T, Treszl A. Investigation of regulatory T cells in anorexia nervosa. Eur J Clin Nutr 2007; 61:1245-9. [PMID: 17299482 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to determine, how severe calorie restriction in anorexia nervosa (AN) may influence regulatory T (Treg) cells and their cellular networks, that is, their main inducers (dendritic cells (DC) and monocytes) and their target cells, CD4+ lymphocytes. DESIGN We measured the prevalence of Tregs, myeloid and plasmocytoid DC. The prevalence of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin (IL)-12-positive monocytes, IL-2, IL-4 and interferon (IFN)-gamma positive CD4+ cells was determined by intracellular staining after activation. SETTING AND SUBJECTS In total, 21 AN patients and 19 healthy age-matched controls (body mass index values, median (range): 14.9 (11.1-17.4) vs 23.2 (19.5-27.4) kg/m(2)) have been recruited. RESULTS Prevalence of Tregs, DCs, TNF-alpha and IL-12-positive monocytes, IL-4 and IFN-gamma-producing CD4+ cells were similar in AN and controls. The prevalence of IL-2-positive CD4+ cells was somewhat lower in AN (% value, median (range): 12.05 (7.50-16.70) vs 14.40 (12.00-22.00), P<0.05). None of these parameters correlated with the patients' clinical characteristics. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the antigen presenting cell - regulatory T cell - CD4+ lymphocyte axis is not affected by calorie and nutritional deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Pászthy
- Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Taieb A, Breitinger JJ, Unadkat JV, Shufesky WJ, Morelli AE, Thomson AW, Lee WPA, Feili-Hariri M. Intrinsic ability of GM+IL-4 but not Flt3L-induced rat dendritic cells to promote allogeneic T cell hyporesponsiveness. Clin Immunol 2007; 123:176-89. [PMID: 17276735 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2006.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2006] [Revised: 12/12/2006] [Accepted: 12/13/2006] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The influence of GM+IL-4 and Flt3 ligand (FL) on phenotype and function of BM-derived DC from Lewis rats was investigated. GM+IL-4-induced DC, despite expression of CD80/CD86, were less stimulatory than FL-induced DC that expressed low CD80/CD86 and were efficient stimulators of allogeneic T cells. GM+IL-4 DC were CD11b+ OX62lo, whereas FL DC were CD11blo OX62+. Following activation, GM+IL-4 DC produced IL-10 and IL-6, but no IL-12p70, and were resistant to further maturation. FL DC produced IL-12p70, IFN-alpha/beta, IL-10 and IL-6 and underwent maturation. Repeated stimulation of T cells with GM+IL-4 DC inhibited proliferation, cytokine production and induced early T cell apoptosis. FL DC-activated T cells produced large amounts of IFN-gamma/IL-10 and exhibited late T cell apoptosis/necrosis. In vivo, GM+IL-4 DC induced alloAg-specific hyporesponsiveness following T cell restimulation. These results demonstrate that GM+IL-4 DC display intrinsic regulatory properties, inducing passive-cell-death in T cells with potential for inactivation/regulation of alloreactive T cells in transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurele Taieb
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Michelsen KS, Arditi M. Toll-like receptors and innate immunity in gut homeostasis and pathology. Curr Opin Hematol 2007; 14:48-54. [PMID: 17133100 DOI: 10.1097/00062752-200701000-00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Immune responses to commensal bacteria and resulting chronic inflammation are hallmarks of inflammatory bowel disease. Considerable evidence has accumulated to suggest that innate immune defense mechanisms interact with pro-inflammatory pathways and exacerbate or perhaps even initiate development of inflammatory bowel disease. RECENT FINDINGS Recent cellular and mouse studies now show Toll-like receptor responses in intestinal epithelial cells are polarized and their activation by commensal bacteria plays an essential role in maintaining colonic homeostasis and controlling tolerance in the gut. Recent data also implicate signaling by Toll-like receptors and the common adaptor molecule MyD88 in intestinal epithelial homeostasis as well as the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease, establishing a key link between the innate and adaptive immune defenses. SUMMARY We review recent progresses in the understanding of the role of Toll-like receptors and other pattern recognition receptors in the host defense against gastrointestinal pathogens and maintenance of immune tolerance to commensal bacteria, highlighting areas that should provide fertile ground for future studies aimed at a more comprehensive understanding of the interplay between innate and adaptive immune defense mechanisms and inflammatory bowel disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin S Michelsen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Forsythe P, Inman MD, Bienenstock J. Oral treatment with live Lactobacillus reuteri inhibits the allergic airway response in mice. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007; 175:561-9. [PMID: 17204726 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200606-821oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Clinical trials have demonstrated that probiotics may be effective in the treatment and prevention of atopic disease in children but there have been few reports of therapeutic effects of oral probiotics outside the gastrointestinal tract. OBJECTIVES We investigated the effect of two probiotic organisms on the response to antigen challenge in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation. METHODS We used an ovalbumin-sensitized asthma model in BALB/c and Toll-like receptor 9-deficient mice. Animals were treated with probiotic organisms via gavaging needle before antigen challenge. After antigen challenge, airway responsiveness to methacholine, influx of inflammatory cells to the lung, and cytokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were assessed. RESULTS Oral treatment with live Lactobacillus reuteri but not Lactobacillus salivarius significantly attenuated the influx of eosinophils to the airway lumen and parenchyma and reduced the levels of tumor necrosis factor, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, IL-5, and IL-13 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of antigen-challenged animals, but there was no change in eotaxin or IL-10. L. reuteri but not L. salivarius also decreased allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness. These responses were dependent on Toll-like receptor 9 and were associated with increased activity of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase. Killed organisms did not mimic the ability of the live L. reuteri to attenuate inflammation or airway hyperresponsiveness. CONCLUSION Oral treatment with live L. reuteri can attenuate major characteristics of an asthmatic response in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation. These results suggest that oral treatment with specific live probiotic strains may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of allergic airway disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Forsythe
- Department of Pathology, Brain-Body Institute, Hamilton, ON, L8N 4A6 Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Iweala OI, Nagler CR. Immune privilege in the gut: the establishment and maintenance of non-responsiveness to dietary antigens and commensal flora. Immunol Rev 2006; 213:82-100. [PMID: 16972898 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.2006.00431.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Immune privilege in the gut is the result of a complex interplay between the gut microbiome, gut luminal antigens, and the intestinal epithelial barrier. Composed of both physical and immunochemical components, the intestinal barrier secretes immunoregulatory mediators that promote the generation of tolerogenic antigen-presenting cells, phagocytic innate immune cells characterized by 'inflammatory anergy', and regulatory cells of the adaptive immune system. Innate immune cells mediate controlled transepithelial transport of luminal antigens as far as the mesenteric lymph nodes, where the intestinal and peripheral immune systems intersect. This promotes the generation of adaptive regulatory lymphocytes that actively suppress effector cell responses against gut luminal antigens and flora. The net result is the generation of tolerance to dietary antigens and the maintenance of gut homeostasis. Dysregulation of this complex immunoregulatory network leads to diseases such as food allergy and inflammatory bowel disease. Future therapies for these diseases will likely involve the functional restoration of the barrier and regulatory cell functions at the epithelial/luminal interface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Onyinye I Iweala
- Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129-4404, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Chronic inflammation and disordered lipid metabolism represent hallmarks of atherosclerosis. Considerable evidence has accumulated to suggest that innate immune defense mechanisms might interact with proinflammatory pathways and exacerbate or perhaps even initiate development of arterial plaques. Until recently the preponderance of such evidence has been indirectly emerging from clinical and epidemiologic studies, with some support from experimental animal models of atherosclerosis. RECENT FINDINGS Recent data now directly implicate signaling by toll-like receptor 4 and the common adaptor molecule MyD88 in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, establishing a key link between atherosclerosis and defense against both foreign pathogens and endogenously generated inflammatory ligands. SUMMARY Here we briefly review these and closely related studies, highlighting areas that should provide fertile ground for future studies aimed at a more comprehensive understanding of the interplay between innate immune defense mechanisms, atherosclerosis and related vascular disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin S Michelsen
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Burns and Allen Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Sheng JR, Li L, Ganesh BB, Vasu C, Prabhakar BS, Meriggioli MN. Suppression of Experimental Autoimmune Myasthenia Gravis by Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Is Associated with an Expansion of FoxP3+Regulatory T Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2006; 177:5296-306. [PMID: 17015715 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.177.8.5296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) have the potential to activate or tolerize T cells in an Ag-specific manner. Although the precise mechanism that determines whether DCs exhibit tolerogenic or immunogenic functions has not been precisely elucidated, growing evidence suggests that DC function is largely dependent on differentiation status, which can be manipulated using various growth factors. In this study, we investigated the effects of mobilization of specific DC subsets-using GM-CSF and fms-like tyrosine kinase receptor 3-ligand (Flt3-L)-on the susceptibility to induction of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG). We administered GM-CSF or Flt3-L to C57BL/6 mice before immunization with acetylcholine receptor (AChR) and observed the effect on the frequency and severity of EAMG development. Compared with AChR-immunized controls, mice treated with Flt3-L before immunization developed EAMG at an accelerated pace initially, but disease frequency and severity was comparable at the end of the observation period. In contrast, GM-CSF administered before immunization exerted a sustained suppressive effect against the induction of EAMG. This suppression was associated with lowered serum autoantibody levels, reduced T cell proliferative responses to AChR, and an expansion in the population of FoxP3+ regulatory T cells. These results highlight the potential of manipulating DCs to expand regulatory T cells for the control of autoimmune diseases such as MG.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Autoimmune Diseases/therapy
- Cell Communication/immunology
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Dendritic Cells/drug effects
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Forkhead Transcription Factors
- Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/administration & dosage
- Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/pharmacology
- Immunization
- Membrane Proteins/administration & dosage
- Membrane Proteins/pharmacology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Myasthenia Gravis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Myasthenia Gravis, Autoimmune, Experimental/prevention & control
- Myasthenia Gravis, Autoimmune, Experimental/therapy
- Receptors, Cholinergic/administration & dosage
- Receptors, Cholinergic/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/cytology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Rong Sheng
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|