1
|
Cunningham NR, Reid MR, Love SC, Connelly MA. Commentary: Actionable Steps for Addressing Pediatric Pain in Rural and Underserved Communities: Disrupting Our Approach to Psychological Science and Care. J Pediatr Psychol 2023; 48:743-746. [PMID: 37632230 PMCID: PMC10695426 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsad054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Although chronic pain is one of the most common health issues affecting children, disparities in access to behavioral healthcare limit its proper identification and management. There is a critical need to move beyond traditional care delivery approaches for chronic pain to reach those in communities that have limited access to care. We argue one means of doing so is to leverage our skills and expertise as psychologists to partner with and train professionals who have established relationships with youth in these communities. Drawing from a community-engaged dissemination and implementation science framework and our research implementing pain management strategies in rural and underserved communities, we review actionable strategies for disrupting traditional psychological methods to expand access to care for children with chronic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natoshia R Cunningham
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Mallet R Reid
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Mark A Connelly
- Pediatric Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Missouri–Kansas City School of Medicine, Akron, Ohio, USA
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Health at Children’s Mercy, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
OUP accepted manuscript. Ann Work Expo Health 2022; 66:827-837. [DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxac011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
3
|
Intermediary Perspectives on Total Worker Health in Small Businesses. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph181910398. [PMID: 34639698 PMCID: PMC8507664 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The future of work will include not only more small business employment, but also a need for greater consideration of more holistic approaches to addressing worker well-being. Previous research has suggested smaller firms need external assistance to add new or improve existing workplace health and safety activities. A Total Worker Health® (TWH) approach is potentially appealing to small employers as it is intended to identify and support comprehensive practices and policies that take into account the work environment (both physical and organizational) while also addressing the personal health risks of individuals, thus being more effective in preventing disease and promoting health and safety than each approach taken separately. NIOSH researchers applied the NIOSH Small Business Intervention Diffusion Model to conduct parallel community-based TWH activities in two geographically distinct communities in a large metropolitan area. Data were collected from intermediary organizations that work with or serve small businesses about their perceptions of the TWH approach as a potential service for them to offer small firms. Intermediary organizations engaged in implementation of TWH approaches with small businesses in the respective geographic areas for approximately one year. Results indicated intermediary organizations find value in providing TWH assistance to small employers, but several challenges for intermediaries implementing TWH among small employers remain.
Collapse
|
4
|
Dale AM, Barrera M, Colvin R, Strickland J, Evanoff BA. Flow-down of safety from general contractors to subcontractors working on commercial construction projects. SAFETY SCIENCE 2021; 142:105353. [PMID: 35531092 PMCID: PMC9075183 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2021.105353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Small and medium construction firms have high injury rates but lack resources to establish and maintain effective safety programs. General contractors with exemplary safety programs may serve as intermediaries to support development of smaller firm's safety programs. The purpose of this study was to examine the flow-down influence of general contractors' safety programs on the safety climate and safety behaviors among workers employed by small and medium sized subcontractors. This study collected workers' perception of safety climate and safety behaviors while working on projects with general contractors with exemplary safety programs and other general contractors. We also documented the safety program policies and practices of subcontractors, and recorded the changes in safety policies required from general contractors with exemplary programs. We examined differences in safety program changes between small and medium sized subcontractors. Results showed workers perceived general contractors with exemplary safety programs had stronger safety climates than other general contractors. Smaller subcontractors had less robust safety programs with fewer safety elements than larger subcontractors, and therefore, many of the smaller subcontractors had to adopt more safety policies and practices to work for general contractors than large subcontractors. These findings suggest that general contractors with robust safety programs can serve as intermediaries and influence the development of the safety programs of small sized firms. Future work will need to determine if smaller firms eventually adopt safety policies and practices as part of their permanent safety program.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann Marie Dale
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, 4523 Clayton Avenue, CB 8005, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Marco Barrera
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, 4523 Clayton Avenue, CB 8005, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Ryan Colvin
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, 4523 Clayton Avenue, CB 8005, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jaime Strickland
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, 4523 Clayton Avenue, CB 8005, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Bradley A. Evanoff
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, 4523 Clayton Avenue, CB 8005, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yao LP, Tao R. Does Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Affect Workers' Health? Front Public Health 2021; 9:711629. [PMID: 34291035 PMCID: PMC8287322 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.711629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
During recent decades, the elevation of workers' health has become the utmost point of concern since it is considered among the primary indicators of economies. The economies, especially the emerging ones, are primarily focusing on every indicator to uplift their businesses. Along with the other aspects, it is also required to assess the impact of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) on workers' health conditions in small- and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs). With this aim, we are presenting a detailed analysis to reveal useful insights regarding the COPD-workers' health nexus. The sample set of 1,008 workers is working in various SMEs in Beijing and Tianjin from September, 2020. The findings infer that a rise in COPD concerning wages will uplift the worker health problems due to COPD affecting worker health. Whereas, the working condition and tools, smoking years, and health safety training have a statistically adverse effect on workers' health concerning wages. The outcomes in terms of insights would be useful for planning future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Peng Yao
- Ningbo College of Health Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Ran Tao
- Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Preventation, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cao Z, Chen T, Cao Y. Effect of Occupational Health and Safety Training for Chinese Construction Workers Based on the CHAID Decision Tree. Front Public Health 2021; 9:623441. [PMID: 34095047 PMCID: PMC8175887 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.623441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Occupational health and safety (OHS) training is an important way to prevent construction safety risks. However, the effectiveness of OHS training in China is questionable. In this study, the CHAID (chi-squared automatic interaction detection) decision tree, chi-square analysis, and correlation analysis were used to explore the main, secondary, weak, unrelated, and expectation factors affecting the effectiveness of training. It is the first to put forward the "five-factor method" of training effectiveness. It is found that training effectiveness is positively correlated with job responsibilities, OHS training, and job satisfaction. It is also significantly related to job certificate, training time, training method, and working time. However, the effectiveness of training has nothing to do with personal age, marital status, educational level, job type, and whether or not they have experienced industrial accidents. And the workers on site expect the enterprise to provide security and opportunities such as physical safety, training and learning, and future career development. The results show that OHS system training should be strengthened in the construction industry, and classified training should be carried out according to post responsibility, training methods, job satisfaction, and working hours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghong Cao
- School of Accounting, Wuhan Qingchuan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Chen
- School of Management, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuqing Cao
- School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hurtado D, Greenspan L, Vogt M, Mansfield L, Olson R. Does Experiencing an Injury Claim Impact Small Construction Company Leaders' Participation in a Fall Protection Survey? Ann Work Expo Health 2020; 64:897-902. [PMID: 32607532 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxaa060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Workers in small and medium residential construction companies (≤50 employees) have a high risk of fall-related fatality or disability. However, little is known about effective ways to engage with this subsector for research and training. We tested whether insurance-documented fall-related claims during the past 12 months and lower familiarity with equipment motivated companies' representatives to engage with a fall protection survey. METHODS Oregon's largest workers compensation insurer drew a random anonymous sample of small and medium residential construction that did (n = 197) and did not (n = 195) have a recent fall-related claim. Samples were stratified by size, trade, and region. Company representatives were emailed a 34-item questionnaire about equipment familiarity to enter a raffle to win fall-prevention equipment. We coded survey engagement binarily, indicating whether a participant completed at least half of the survey. Familiarity with 10 pieces of equipment was measured with a scale from 0 (never seen it) to 3 (use it frequently) points. RESULTS The survey was initiated by 88 out of 392 representatives (22.4% response rate). Of those, 63 representatives provided the company identifier which was needed to establish claim status. Survey engagement was higher among representatives from companies with claims compared with those without (57.6 versus 42.4%, P = 0.16). Equipment familiarity was lower among company representatives with lower survey engagement (1.15 versus 1.56, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The survey had a relatively encouraging response rate for a hard-to-reach sector. The large but not statistically significant difference in survey engagement rates suggests that adverse events motivate companies to engage with fall protection research. Low equipment familiarity in the sample substantiates the need to identify effective engagement methods for fall protection practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Hurtado
- Oregon Health & Science University, Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Portland, OR, USA.,OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Leah Greenspan
- Oregon Health & Science University, Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Layla Mansfield
- Oregon Health & Science University, Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ryan Olson
- Oregon Health & Science University, Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Portland, OR, USA.,OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Portland, OR, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Choi EH, Jung HS. Models for Developing Community Organizations to Reinforce Health Management in Small Businesses. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17072444. [PMID: 32260225 PMCID: PMC7177578 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of occupational diseases in small businesses is higher than in big ones, and this fact puts the former in need of a healthcare management model they can administer. This study established a model based on community organizational development theory to reinforce worker empowerment for healthcare in small businesses, focusing on health centers for workers (HCFW). The researchers surveyed 408 workers at 39 small businesses in the B region of South Korea, according to the characteristics of business sites, general characteristics of workers, and elements of community organizational development theory, and analyzed their results with a structural equation. The research period was September, 2015. Five concepts were examined: empowerment in healthcare, community capacity, participation and relevance, critical consciousness, and issue selection. The results revealed that greater community capacity led to greater participation and relevance (γ = 0.39) and empowerment in healthcare (γ = 0.25), while greater participation and relevance led to greater empowerment in healthcare (γ = 0.76). In addition, greater critical consciousness led to greater participation and relevance (γ = 0.12). Finally, greater community capacity led to greater issues selection (γ = 0.56), which in turn led to greater participation and relevance (γ = 0.25). The study makes proposals for directions of health centers for workers and community networks. Confirmation of this model for worker empowerment suggests several directions to HCFW in relation to workers and community networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Hi Choi
- Department of Nursing, Eulji University, Daejeon 34824, Korea;
| | - Hye-Sun Jung
- Department of Preventive Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Applying Machine Learning to Workers' Compensation Data to Identify Industry-Specific Ergonomic and Safety Prevention Priorities: Ohio, 2001 to 2011. J Occup Environ Med 2019; 60:55-73. [PMID: 28953071 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study leveraged a state workers' compensation claims database and machine learning techniques to target prevention efforts by injury causation and industry. METHODS Injury causation auto-coding methods were developed to code more than 1.2 million Ohio Bureau of Workers' Compensation claims for this study. Industry groups were ranked for soft-tissue musculoskeletal claims that may have been preventable with biomechanical ergonomic (ERGO) or slip/trip/fall (STF) interventions. RESULTS On the basis of the average of claim count and rate ranks for more than 200 industry groups, Skilled Nursing Facilities (ERGO) and General Freight Trucking (STF) were the highest risk for lost-time claims (>7 days). CONCLUSION This study created a third, major causation-specific U.S. occupational injury surveillance system. These findings are being used to focus prevention resources on specific occupational injury types in specific industry groups, especially in Ohio. Other state bureaus or insurers may use similar methods.
Collapse
|
10
|
Cunningham TR, Jacobson CJ. Safety Talk and Safety Culture: Discursive Repertoires as Indicators of Workplace Safety and Health Practice and Readiness to Change. Ann Work Expo Health 2019; 62:S55-S64. [PMID: 30212880 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxy035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Small construction businesses (SCBs) account for a disproportionate share of occupational injuries, days lost, and fatalities in the US and other modern economies. Owner/managers of SCBs confront risks associated with their own and workers' safety and business survival, and their occupational safety and health (OSH) related values and practices are key drivers of safety and business outcomes. Given owner/mangers are the key to understanding and affecting change in smaller firms, as well as the pressing need for improved OSH in small firms particularly in construction, there is a critical need to better understand SCB owners' readiness to improve or adopt enhanced OSH activities in their business. Unfortunately, the social expectation to support safety can complicate efforts to evaluate owners' readiness. Objectives To get a more accurate understanding of the OSH values and practices of SCBs and the factors shaping SCB owners' readiness and intent to implement or improve safety and health programming by comparing their discourse on safety with their self-rated level of stage of change. Methods In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 30 SCB owner managers. Respondents were asked to self-rate their safety program activity on a 5-point scale from unaware or ignorant ('haven't thought about it at all') to actively vigilant ('well-functioning safety and health program for at least 6 months'). They were also asked to discuss the role and meaning of OSH within their trade and company, as well as attitudes and inclinations toward improving or enhancing business safety practices. Analysis and results Respondents' self-rating of safety program activity was compared and contrasted with results from discourse analysis of their safety talk, or verbal descriptions of their safety values and activities. Borrowing from normative and stage theories of safety culture and behavioral change, these sometimes contradictory descriptions were taxonomized along a safety culture continuum and a range of safety cultures and stages of readiness for change were found. These included descriptions of strong safety cultures with intentions for improvement as well as descriptions of safety cultures with more reactive and pathological approaches to OSH, with indications of no intentions for improvement. Some owner/managers rated themselves as having an effective OSH program in place, yet described a dearth of OSH activity and/or value for OSH in their business. Conclusion Assessing readiness to change is key to improving OSH performance, and more work is needed to effectively assess SCB OSH readiness and thus enable greater adoption of best practices.
Collapse
|
11
|
Rohlman DS, Campo S, Hall J, Robinson EL, Kelly KM. What Could Total Worker Health® Look Like in Small Enterprises? Ann Work Expo Health 2019; 62:S34-S41. [PMID: 30212887 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxy008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Small enterprises have fewer resources, are more financially precarious, and have higher rates of occupational injury and illness compared with larger enterprises. Interventions that address the promotion of health and well-being in addition to traditional occupational safety and health hazards, a Total Worker Health® (TWH) approach, may be effective in reducing injuries and preventing illness. However, little research has examined the impact of TWH interventions in small enterprises. The aim of this research was to explore and characterize health and safety practices, policies, and programs in small Midwestern enterprises from a TWH perspective. Utilizing a case studies approach, site visits were conducted with small business, between 10 and 250 employees, from 2014 through 2016 and included workplace audits and interviews with multiple employees in varying roles within each organization. Both open and closed coding were used to identify specific themes. Eight themes emerged from the site visits: value and return on investment, organizational factors, program design, engaging employees, low-cost strategies, evaluation, and integration. These themes overlapped with both the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's (NIOSH) Essential Elements of TWH and the NIOSH Fundamentals. Industry sector and enterprise size also affect resources and integration of these resources. As TWH expands to organizations of all sizes, it is necessary to address the unique needs of smaller enterprises.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diane S Rohlman
- Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA
| | - Shelly Campo
- Community and Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA
| | - Jennifer Hall
- Health Promotion and Public Health, Lynchburg College, USA
| | - Erin L Robinson
- School of Social Work, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA
| | - Kevin M Kelly
- Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hasle P, Refslund B. Intermediaries Supporting Occupational Health and Safety Improvements in Small Businesses: Development of Typology and Discussion of Consequences for Preventive Strategies. Ann Work Expo Health 2019; 62:S65-S71. [PMID: 30212886 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxy046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermediaries have been suggested as a potential source for improving Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) in small businesses (SBs), because SB due to their sheer number and limited managerial and financial resources typically have weak OHS management and higher occupational risks. SB furthermore typically has a reactive approach to OHS and do not seek out OHS assistance on their own. We propose, based on a large comparative study of SB and intermediaries, a general typology for intermediaries in relation to SB, and further, discuss the implications for preventive strategies in SB. We argue that there is a strong potential for improving OHS by including various intermediaries, however, the inclusion is not enough in itself. The interests of the intermediaries and the OHS improvement must be aligned, and the efforts across various intermediaries should be orchestrated among the key actors to maximize the outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Hasle
- Section for Sustainable Production, Aalborg University 2450 Copenhagen SV, Denmark
| | - Bjarke Refslund
- Section for Sustainable Production, Aalborg University 2450 Copenhagen SV, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Schulte PA, Cunningham TR, Guerin RJ, Hennigan B, Jacklitsch B. Components of an Occupational Safety and Health Communication Research Strategy for Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises. Ann Work Expo Health 2019; 62:S12-S24. [PMID: 30212881 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxy054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of the global labor force works in firms with fewer than 50 employees; firms with fewer than 250 employees make up 99% of workplaces. Even so, the lack of extensive or comprehensive research has failed to focus on occupational safety and health communication to these small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Given that the magnitude of all occupational safety and health (OSH) morbidity, mortality, and injury disproportionately occurs in businesses with fewer than 250 employees, efforts to communicate with employers to engage in preventative occupational safety and health efforts merit attention. This article provides an overview of important components that should be considered in developing an occupational safety and health (OSH) communication research strategy targeting SMEs. Such a strategy should raise awareness about the diversity and complexity of SMEs and the challenges of targeting OSH communication toward this diverse group. Companies of differing sizes (e.g. 5, 50, 500 employees) likely require differing communication approaches. Communication strategies will benefit from deconstructing the term 'small business' into smaller, more homogenous categories that might require approaches. Theory-based research assessing barriers, message content, channels, reach, reception, motivation, and intention to act serve as the foundation for developing a comprehensive research framework. Attention to this type of research by investigators is warranted and should be encouraged and supported. There would also be value in developing national and international strategies for research on communication with small businesses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Schulte
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Thomas R Cunningham
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Rebecca J Guerin
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Brenda Jacklitsch
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Haynes E, Holness DL, Tenkate T, Strahlendorf P, Kramer DM. With a little help from our friends: Collaborative research partnerships in three workplace-based occupational disease research projects. Work 2019; 62:261-278. [PMID: 30829637 DOI: 10.3233/wor-192861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research conducted in collaboration between academic and non-academic partners (known as integrated knowledge translation [iKT]) in the field of occupational health and safety needs to be evaluated. OBJECTIVE This study examined three collaborative workplace-based intervention projects that focused on reducing exposure to occupational carcinogens. Practice, policy and advocacy intermediary organizations partnered with multidisciplinary groups of researchers. This evaluation study sought to understand the characteristics of successful and unsuccessful iKT partnerships from the perspective of the intermediaries. METHODS Researchers conducted face-to-face interviews with 21 intermediaries and used a thematic-driven "framework analysis" method to analyze the interviews, based upon an evolving conceptual framework. RESULTS Seven enablers and barriers of collaboration were identified. Enablers included having: adequate capacity; defined project roles; the right partners; an inclusive project leader; mutual respect; good communication; and shared values and priorities. Lacking these was considered a barrier. Seven outcomes were identified as: improved relevance and quality of the research; learning about each others' "world"; building contacts; improved use of research in practice and policy; dissemination of the research; development of trust and goodwill; and continued collaborations. CONCLUSIONS Recommendations for future collaborative studies include: spend time defining roles, responsibilities, and expectations; ensure practitioners have the time and resources, and the commitment to the project; and choose representatives from the organizations with the necessary skills or decision-making mandate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Haynes
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Canada.,Medical Student, Dalhousie University, Sir Charles Tupper Medical Building, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - D Linn Holness
- St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Research Expertise in Occupational Disease (CREOD), Toronto, ON, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Thomas Tenkate
- School of Occupational and Public Health, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter Strahlendorf
- School of Occupational and Public Health, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Desre M Kramer
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Occupational Accidents Assessment by Field of Activity and Investigation Model for Prevention and Control. SAFETY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/safety5010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The rate of occupational accidents is increasing, leading to a number of organizational deficiencies. For European Union (EU), the non-fatal accident number in 2017 was 3,315,101. An increase in the number of accidents is recorded in many of the member states. In addition, the increase in accidents tends to focus on certain sectors and is due more to the increase in the incidence rate than the increase in the workforce. Companies in these industry sectors have also implemented less intensive prevention practices than firms in other sectors. Performing a statistical evaluation of non-fatal and fatal accidents is an important one. This assessment helps managers understand the importance of implementing prevention and control methods across organizations. For this research, we used series of data obtained from the Romanian National Institute of Statistics (NIS), Labor Inspection in Romania, and Eurostatof the European Commission. Data series evaluations were conducted for the EU and Romania. A qualitative assessment of the industry data series had been carried out. Furthermore, T-tests and analysis of variance analysis (ANOVA) were performed to identify the relationships between the frequency index of fatal and non-fatal accidents, and the categories chosen. The values obtained for men were significantly higher than those of female workers. Based on the results of the qualitative assessment and European and national strategies, an experimental model for the prevention and control of occupational accidents is proposed. At the end of the paper, the situation of labor accidents in Romania and Bulgaria, two EU member states, is assessed in the agriculture, forestry and fishing, manufacturing, construction and transport, and storage sectors. A series of trends are presented for the period 2018–2020. The results obtained from the evaluation of the data series represent an important core of the Romanian Labor Inspectorate for the development of strategic actions.
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang J, Mei Q, Liu S, Wang Q. Study on the Influence of Government Intervention on the Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Services of Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs). BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:5014859. [PMID: 30498757 PMCID: PMC6222222 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5014859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The OHS services of SMEs are still in their start-up stage in China. As such, there is an absence of mature market norms, which in turn makes it difficult to guarantee the quality of OHS services. The government, as the "night watchman" of the market, is supposed to not only involve itself in the regulation of OHS service quality, but also introduce and implement proper regulatory strategies. This paper employs a computational experiment approach to construct an experimental platform based on multiagent interactions. By simulating the OHS service transaction activities of SMEs, this paper takes the perspective of dynamic evolution. From this perspective, we probe into the optimal regulatory strategy covering the positive influence of government punishment, policy supports, and service quality ratings of the OHS services of SMEs. These strategies should be built on the foundation of proper punishment standard and intensity, proper support standard and intensity, and quality rating information disclosure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qiang Mei
- School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Suxia Liu
- School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qiwei Wang
- School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Brown CE, Cunningham TR, Newman LS, Schulte PA. Conference Summary Understanding Small Enterprises Conference, 25-27 October 2017. Ann Work Expo Health 2018; 62:S1-S11. [PMID: 30212882 PMCID: PMC6350517 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxy061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The specific objectives of the 2017 Understanding Small Enterprises Conference were to: (i) identify successful strategies for overcoming occupational safety and health (OS&H) barriers in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs); (ii) disseminate best practices to research and business communities; (iii) build collaborations between different stakeholders including researchers, insurers, small enterprises, government agencies; and (iv) better inform OS&H research relevant to SMEs. Methods A two and a half day international conference was organized, building upon three previously successful iterations. This conference brought together researchers, practitioners, and other stakeholders from 16 countries to share best practices and emerging strategies for improving OS&H in SMEs. Findings Cross-cutting themes that emerged at the conference centered around: 1) stakeholder and intermediary involvement; 2) what occupational health and safety looks like across different industries; 3) intervention programs (tools and resources); 4) precarious and vulnerable work and the informal sector; and 5) Total Worker Health® in SMEs. Conclusion A number of innovative initiatives were shared at the conference. Researchers must build collaborations involving a variety of stakeholder groups to ensure that OS&H solutions are successful in SMEs. Future OS&H research should continue to build upon the successful work of the 2017 Understanding Small Enterprises Conference.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carol E Brown
- Center for Health, Work & Environment, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, CO, USA
| | - Thomas R Cunningham
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Lee S Newman
- Center for Health, Work & Environment and Department of Environmental & Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, CO, USA
| | - Paul A Schulte
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Flynn
- Michael A. Flynn is with the Occupational Health Equity Program, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati, OH. Thomas R. Cunningham is with the Training Research and Evaluation Branch, Education and Information Division, NIOSH. Emily Q. Ahonen is with the Departments of Environmental Health Science and Social and Behavioral Sciences, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis. Kaori Fujishiro is with the Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, NIOSH
| | - Thomas R Cunningham
- Michael A. Flynn is with the Occupational Health Equity Program, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati, OH. Thomas R. Cunningham is with the Training Research and Evaluation Branch, Education and Information Division, NIOSH. Emily Q. Ahonen is with the Departments of Environmental Health Science and Social and Behavioral Sciences, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis. Kaori Fujishiro is with the Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, NIOSH
| | - Emily Q Ahonen
- Michael A. Flynn is with the Occupational Health Equity Program, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati, OH. Thomas R. Cunningham is with the Training Research and Evaluation Branch, Education and Information Division, NIOSH. Emily Q. Ahonen is with the Departments of Environmental Health Science and Social and Behavioral Sciences, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis. Kaori Fujishiro is with the Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, NIOSH
| | - Kaori Fujishiro
- Michael A. Flynn is with the Occupational Health Equity Program, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati, OH. Thomas R. Cunningham is with the Training Research and Evaluation Branch, Education and Information Division, NIOSH. Emily Q. Ahonen is with the Departments of Environmental Health Science and Social and Behavioral Sciences, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis. Kaori Fujishiro is with the Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies, NIOSH
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cunningham TR, Guerin RJ, Keller BM, Flynn MA, Salgado C, Hudson D. Differences in safety training among smaller and larger construction firms with non-native workers: Evidence of overlapping vulnerabilities. SAFETY SCIENCE 2018; 103:62-69. [PMID: 29375194 PMCID: PMC5784209 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Collaborative efforts between the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the American Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE) led to a report focusing on overlapping occupational vulnerabilities, specifically small construction businesses employing young, non-native workers. Following the report, an online survey was conducted by ASSE with construction business representatives focusing on training experiences of non-native workers. Results were grouped by business size (50 or fewer employees or more than 50 employees). Smaller businesses were less likely to employ a supervisor who speaks the same language as immigrant workers (p < .001). Non-native workers in small businesses received fewer hours of both initial safety training (p = .005) and monthly ongoing safety training (p = .042). Immigrant workers in smaller businesses were less likely to receive every type of safety training identified in the survey (including pre-work safety orientation [p < .001], job-specific training [p < .001], OSHA 10-hour training [p = .001], and federal/state required training [p < .001]). The results highlight some of the challenges a vulnerable worker population faces in a small business, and can be used to better focus intervention efforts. Among businesses represented in this sample, there are deflcits in the amount, frequency, and format of workplace safety and health training provided to non-native workers in smaller construction businesses compared to those in larger businesses. The types of training conducted for non-native workers in small business were less likely to take into account the language and literacy issues faced by these workers. The findings suggest the need for a targeted approach in providing occupational safety and health training to non-native workers employed by smaller construction businesses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R Cunningham
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Education and Information Division, 1090 Tusculum Avenue, MS C-10, Cincinnati, OH 45226, United States
| | - Rebecca J Guerin
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Education and Information Division, 1090 Tusculum Avenue, MS C-10, Cincinnati, OH 45226, United States
| | - Brenna M Keller
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Education and Information Division, 1090 Tusculum Avenue, MS C-10, Cincinnati, OH 45226, United States
| | - Michael A Flynn
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Education and Information Division, 1090 Tusculum Avenue, MS C-10, Cincinnati, OH 45226, United States
| | - Cathy Salgado
- American Society of Safety Engineers, 520 N. Northwest Highway, Park Ridge, IL 60068, United States
| | - Dennis Hudson
- American Society of Safety Engineers, 520 N. Northwest Highway, Park Ridge, IL 60068, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Scott KA, Fisher GG, Barón AE, Tompa E, Stallones L, DiGuiseppi C. Same-level fall injuries in US workplaces by age group, gender, and industry. Am J Ind Med 2018; 61:111-119. [PMID: 29193187 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the workforce ages, occupational injuries from falls on the same level will increase. Some industries may be more affected than others. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics to estimate same-level fall injury incidence rates by age group, gender, and industry for four sectors: 1) healthcare and social assistance; 2) manufacturing; 3) retail; and 4) transportation and warehousing. We calculated rate ratios and rate differences by age group and gender. RESULTS Same-level fall injury incidence rates increase with age in all four sectors. However, patterns of rate ratios and rate differences vary by age group, gender, and industry. Younger workers, men, and manufacturing workers generally have lower rates. CONCLUSIONS Variation in incidence rates suggests there are unrealized opportunities to prevent same-level fall injuries. Interventions should be evaluated for their effectiveness at reducing injuries, avoiding gender- or age-discrimination and improving work ability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth A. Scott
- Denver Public Health; Denver Health and Hospital Authority; Denver CO
| | - Gwenith G. Fisher
- Department of Psychology; Colorado State University; Fort Collins CO
| | - Anna E. Barón
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics; Colorado School of Public Health; Aurora CO
| | - Emile Tompa
- Institute for Work and Health; Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Lorann Stallones
- Department of Psychology; Colorado State University; Fort Collins CO
- Department of Epidemiology; Colorado School of Public Health; Aurora CO
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Flynn MA, DeLaney S, Willeford C. Tailoring Computer-Based Training for Latino Immigrant Workers: Pilot Test of the NIOSH Mouse Tutorial. New Solut 2017; 28:96-109. [PMID: 29073816 DOI: 10.1177/1048291117734381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
An interactive tutorial on using a mouse for first-time computer users was developed as part of a training CD-ROM tailored for Latino immigrant workers in trenching and excavation. It was designed for Spanish-speaking users with varying levels of formal education. The tutorial was tested in focus groups with workers who had little or no previous experience using a computer. Findings revealed that while users with less than a fourth-grade education and/or low proficiency in Spanish had some difficulties with the tutorial, they still scored above 67 percent on the performance evaluation; participants with at least a fourth-grade education (the majority) completed it with minimal assistance and scored 80%-100% on the performance evaluation. Feedback from participant focus groups following the computer sessions supported these findings. The results of this study suggest that computer-based training may be able to be made accessible for low computer literacy Latino immigrant workers, if it is tailored to their needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Flynn
- 1 114426 National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sheli DeLaney
- 2 Department of Health and Social Services, Juneau, AK, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Okun AH, Watkins JP, Schulte PA. Trade associations and labor organizations as intermediaries for disseminating workplace safety and health information. Am J Ind Med 2017; 60:766-775. [PMID: 28758218 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has not been a systematic study of the nature and extent to which business and professional trade associations and labor organizations obtain and communicate workplace safety and health information to their members. These organizations can serve as important intermediaries and play a central role in transferring this information to their members. METHODS A sample of 2294 business and professional trade associations and labor organizations in eight industrial sectors identified by the National Occupational Research Agenda was surveyed via telephone. RESULTS A small percent of these organizations (40.9% of labor organizations, 15.6% of business associations, and 9.6% of professional associations) were shown to distribute workplace safety and health information to their members. Large differences were also observed between industrial sectors with construction having the highest total percent of organizations disseminating workplace safety and health information. CONCLUSION There appears to be significant potential to utilize trade and labor organizations as intermediaries for transferring workplace safety and health information to their members. Government agencies have a unique opportunity to partner with these organizations and to utilize their existing communication channels to address high risk workplace safety and health concerns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea H. Okun
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH); USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Cincinnati Ohio
| | - Janice P. Watkins
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH); USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Cincinnati Ohio
| | - Paul A. Schulte
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH); USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Cincinnati Ohio
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chaumont Menéndez CK, Socias-Morales C, Daus MW. Work-Related Violent Deaths in the US Taxi and Limousine Industry 2003 to 2013: Disparities Within a High-Risk Working Population. J Occup Environ Med 2017; 59:768-774. [PMID: 28665838 PMCID: PMC5576347 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We describe the magnitude and distribution of violent work-related deaths among taxi and limousine drivers, a high-risk population. METHODS We analyzed rates using the Bureau of Labor Statistics Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI) for all violent work-related deaths in the taxi and limousine industry from 2003 to 2013. We described demographics, work characteristics, and other injury details, examining temporal trends for nativity and race/ethnicity. RESULTS Men (adjusted rate ratio [RRadj] 6.1 [95% confidence interval [CI] 2.6-14.1]), blacks (RRadj 2.3 [95% CI 1.6-3.4]), Hispanics (RRadj 2.1 [95% CI 1.3-3.4]), and drivers in the South (RRadj 2.7 [95% CI 1.9-3.9]) had significantly higher fatality rates than comparison groups. Over time, the rates remained substantially higher compared with all workers. CONCLUSIONS The taxi and limousine industry continues to face a disproportionately dangerous working environment. Recommended safety measures implemented uniformly by cities, companies, and drivers could mitigate disparities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cammie K Chaumont Menéndez
- Division of Safety Research, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia (Dr Chaumont Menéndez, Dr Socias-Morales); and City University of New York Transportation Research Center, City College of New York, New York (Mr Daus)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Welton M, DeJoy D, Castellanos ME, Ebell M, Shen Y, Robb S. Ethnic Disparities of Perceived Safety Climate Among Construction Workers in Georgia, 2015. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2017. [PMID: 28643270 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-017-0394-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Safety climate involves worker perception about the relative importance where they work and safety climate and has been shown to be a reliable predictor of safety-related outcomes. METHODS The primary objective of this study is to investigate ethnic differences in perceived safety climate among construction workers. Surveys (n = 179) that included a 10-item safety climate scale were administered in Athens, Georgia (GA), at local construction sites and home improvement stores during June-August, 2015. RESULTS The majority of respondents were carpenters or roofers (39%), followed by laborers (22%), painters and dry wall workers (14%), other skilled trades (14%), and supervisors (11%); 32% were Hispanic. Hispanic ethnicity (p < 0.0001), drinking two or more alcoholic beverages per day (p < 0.0001), working for a company that does not provide health insurance (p = 0.0022), and working for a company with fewer than ten employees (p < 0.0001) were significantly associated with lower perceived safety climate scores. CONCLUSION The lower perceived safety climate scores among Hispanic workers indicate that the perception of the importance of safety on the job site is lower among Hispanics construction workers than non-Hispanics construction workers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Welton
- University of Georgia, College of Public Health, 101 Buck Road, Athens, 30606, GA, USA.
| | - David DeJoy
- University of Georgia, College of Public Health, 101 Buck Road, Athens, 30606, GA, USA
| | | | - Mark Ebell
- University of Georgia, College of Public Health, 101 Buck Road, Athens, 30606, GA, USA
| | - Ye Shen
- University of Georgia, College of Public Health, 101 Buck Road, Athens, 30606, GA, USA
| | - Sara Robb
- University of Georgia, College of Public Health, 101 Buck Road, Athens, 30606, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Keller BM, Cunningham TR. Firefighters as distributors of workplace safety and health information to small businesses. SAFETY SCIENCE 2016; 87:87-91. [PMID: 27594768 PMCID: PMC5006998 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2016.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small businesses bear a large burden of injury and death, and are difficult to reach with occupational safety and health (OSH) information. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) developed a pilot study testing the feasibility of fire departments disseminating OSH information to small businesses during fire inspections. METHODS Two sets of postcards were developed with unique, trackable URLs for the NIOSH Small Business Resource Guide. One set was distributed by firefighters, the other was mailed to small businesses. Participating inspectors were met with to discuss their experience. RESULTS Neither distribution method resulted in a substantial number of site visits. Inspectors believed distributing postcards was an easy addition to their duties, and saw value in safety information. CONCLUSIONS There are barriers beyond awareness of availability that prevent small business owners from seeking OSH information. Research should focus on identifying barriers and developing better OSH information diffusion mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brenna M. Keller
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Education and Information Division, 1090 Tusculum Avenue, MS C-10, Cincinnati, OH 45226, United States
| | - Thomas R. Cunningham
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Education and Information Division, 1090 Tusculum Avenue, MS C-10, Cincinnati, OH 45226, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Findings From the National Machine Guarding Program-A Small Business Intervention: Machine Safety. J Occup Environ Med 2016; 58:885-91. [PMID: 27466709 PMCID: PMC5010275 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000000836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text Objectives: The purpose of this nationwide intervention was to improve machine safety in small metal fabrication businesses (3 to 150 employees). The failure to implement machine safety programs related to guarding and lockout/tagout (LOTO) are frequent causes of Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) citations and may result in serious traumatic injury. Methods: Insurance safety consultants conducted a standardized evaluation of machine guarding, safety programs, and LOTO. Businesses received a baseline evaluation, two intervention visits, and a 12-month follow-up evaluation. Results: The intervention was completed by 160 businesses. Adding a safety committee was associated with a 10% point increase in business-level machine scores (P < 0.0001) and a 33% point increase in LOTO program scores (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: Insurance safety consultants proved effective at disseminating a machine safety and LOTO intervention via management-employee safety committees.
Collapse
|
27
|
Findings From the National Machine Guarding Program: A Small Business Intervention: Lockout/Tagout. J Occup Environ Med 2015; 58:61-8. [PMID: 26716850 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000000594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Failure to implement lockout/tagout (LOTO) procedures adversely affects the rate of work-related fatalities and serious traumatic injury and is one of the most frequently cited Occupational Safety and Health Administration standards. This study assesses the impact of a nationwide intervention to improve LOTO in small metal fabrication businesses. METHODS Insurance safety consultants conducted a standardized and validated evaluation of LOTO programs and procedures. Businesses received a baseline evaluation, two intervention visits, and a 12-month follow-up evaluation. RESULTS The intervention was completed by 160 businesses. The mean LOTO procedure score improved from 8% to 33% (P < 0.0001), the mean program score went from 55% to 76% (P < 0.0001), and the presence of lockable disconnects went from 88% to 92% (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS This nationwide intervention showed substantial improvements in LOTO. It provides a framework for assessing and improving LOTO.
Collapse
|