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Effects on physiologic measures of appetite from intragastric balloon and endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty: results of a prospective study. Chin Med J (Engl) 2022; 135:1234-1241. [PMID: 35788090 PMCID: PMC9337251 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Endoscopic bariatric therapies can help address widening management gaps in obesity. Their ability to facilitate weight loss is largely tied to influences on appetite through perturbations of gastric emptying and accommodation. As these tools gain traction in obesity therapy, their physiologic underpinnings require exploration, which may enhance efficacy, tolerance, and patient-tailored care. Methods: We prospectively assessed consecutive subjects with fluid-filled intragastric balloons (IGBs) (n = 18) placed between October 2016 and June 2017 or underwent endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) (n = 23) from March 2018 to June 2018. Patients underwent physiologic appraisal at 3 months with 13C-spirulina-based gastric emptying breath test to determine time to half emptying (T50), as well as maximum tolerated volume (MTV) of a standard nutrient drink test. Changes in T50 and MTV at 3 months were compared with percent total body weight loss (%TBWL) at 3 and 6 months using best-fit linear regression. Results: The change in T50 at 3 months correlated with %TBWL at 3 months for IGB (P = 0.01) and ESG (P = 0.01) but with greater impact on %TBWL in IGB compared to ESG (R2 = 0.42 vs. 0.26). Change in T50 at 3 months was predictive of weight loss at 6 months for IGB (P = 0.01) but not ESG (P = 0.11). ESG was associated with greater decrease in MTV compared to IGB (340.25 ± 297.97 mL vs. 183.00 ± 217.13 mL, P = 0.08), indicting an enhanced effect on satiation through decreased gastric accommodation. Changes in MTV at 3 months did not correlate with %TBWL for either IGB (P = 0.26) or ESG (P = 0.49) but trended toward significance for predicting %TBWL at 6 months for ESG (P = 0.06) but not IGB (P = 0.19). Conclusion: IGB and ESG both induce weight loss but likely through distinct gastric motor function phenotypes, and gastric emptying may predict future weight loss in patients with IGB.
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Cena H, Fiechtner L, Vincenti A, Magenes VC, De Giuseppe R, Manuelli M, Zuccotti GV, Calcaterra V. COVID-19 Pandemic as Risk Factors for Excessive Weight Gain in Pediatrics: The Role of Changes in Nutrition Behavior. A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:4255. [PMID: 34959805 PMCID: PMC8707175 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, social isolation, semi-lockdown, and "stay at home" orders were imposed upon the population in the interest of infection control. This dramatically changes the daily routine of children and adolescents, with a large impact on lifestyle and wellbeing. Children with obesity have been shown to be at a higher risk of negative lifestyle changes and weight gain during lockdown. Obesity and COVID-19 negatively affect children and adolescents' wellbeing, with adverse effects on psychophysical health, due in large part to food choices, snacking between meals, and comfort eating. Moreover, a markable decrease in physical activity levels and an increase in sedentary behavior is associated with weight gain, especially in children with excessive weight. In addition, obesity is the most common comorbidity in severe cases of COVID-19, suggesting that immune dysregulation, metabolic unbalance, inadequate nutritional status, and dysbiosis are key factors in the complex mechanistic and clinical interplay between obesity and COVID-19. This narrative review aims to describe the most up-to-date evidence on the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in children and adolescents, focusing on the role of excessive weight and weight gain in pediatrics. The COVID-19 pandemic has taught us that nutrition education interventions, access to healthy food, as well as family nutrition counselling should be covered by pediatric services to prevent obesity, which worsens disease outcomes related to COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hellas Cena
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Service, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (H.C.); or (M.M.)
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.V.); (R.D.G.)
| | - Lauren Fiechtner
- Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA;
- Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Center for Pediatric Nutrition, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alessandra Vincenti
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.V.); (R.D.G.)
| | | | - Rachele De Giuseppe
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (A.V.); (R.D.G.)
| | - Matteo Manuelli
- Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Service, Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (H.C.); or (M.M.)
| | - Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Department, “V. Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (V.C.M.); (G.V.Z.)
- “L. Sacco” Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Calcaterra
- Pediatric Department, “V. Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (V.C.M.); (G.V.Z.)
- Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Capozzi F, Magkos F, Fava F, Milani GP, Agostoni C, Astrup A, Saguy IS. A Multidisciplinary Perspective of Ultra-Processed Foods and Associated Food Processing Technologies: A View of the Sustainable Road Ahead. Nutrients 2021; 13:3948. [PMID: 34836203 PMCID: PMC8619086 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are negatively perceived by part of the scientific community, the public, and policymakers alike, to the extent they are sometimes referred to as not "real food". Many observational surveys have linked consumption of UPFs to adverse health outcomes. This narrative synthesis and scientific reappraisal of available evidence aims to: (i) critically evaluate UPF-related scientific literature on diet and disease and identify possible research gaps or biases in the interpretation of data; (ii) emphasize the innovative potential of various processing technologies that can lead to modifications of the food matrix with beneficial health effects; (iii) highlight the possible links between processing, sustainability and circular economy through the valorisation of by-products; and (iv) delineate the conceptual parameters of new paradigms in food evaluation and classification systems. Although greater consumption of UPFs has been associated with obesity, unfavorable cardiometabolic risk factor profiles, and increased risk for non-communicable diseases, whether specific food processing techniques leading to ultra-processed formulations are responsible for the observed links between UPFs and various health outcomes remains elusive and far from being understood. Evolving technologies can be used in the context of sustainable valorisation of food processing by-products to create novel, low-cost UPFs with improved nutritional value and health potential. New paradigms of food evaluation and assessment should be funded and developed on several novel pillars-enginomics, signalling, and precision nutrition-taking advantage of available digital technologies and artificial intelligence. Research is needed to generate required scientific knowledge to either expand the current or create new food evaluation and classification systems, incorporating processing aspects that may have a significant impact on health and wellness, together with factors related to the personalization of foods and diets, while not neglecting recycling and sustainability aspects. The complexity and the predicted immense size of these tasks calls for open innovation mentality and a new mindset promoting multidisciplinary collaborations and partnerships between academia and industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Capozzi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences DISTAL, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy;
- Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Agrofood Research—CIRI Agrofood, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Faidon Magkos
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sport (NEXS), University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Fabio Fava
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental, and Materials Engineering, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Gregorio Paolo Milani
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via della Commenda 9, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Clinical Science and Community Health Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Agostoni
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via della Commenda 9, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Clinical Science and Community Health Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Arne Astrup
- Novo Nordisk Foundation, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark;
| | - Israel Sam Saguy
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food & Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91905, Israel;
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Calcaterra V, Verduci E, Pascuzzi MC, Magenes VC, Fiore G, Di Profio E, Tenuta E, Bosetti A, Todisco CF, D’Auria E, Zuccotti G. Metabolic Derangement in Pediatric Patient with Obesity: The Role of Ketogenic Diet as Therapeutic Tool. Nutrients 2021; 13:2805. [PMID: 34444964 PMCID: PMC8400548 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is defined as a condition characterized by an excessive fat accumulation that has negative health consequences. Pediatric obesity is associated with an increased risk for many diseases, including impaired glycemic and lipidic control that may lead to the development of chronic, and potentially disabling, pathologies, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular events, in adult life. The therapeutic strategy initially starts with interventions that are aimed at changing lifestyle and eating behavior, to prevent, manage, and potentially reverse metabolic disorders. Recently, the ketogenic diet (KD) has been proposed as a promising dietary intervention for the treatment of metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors related to obesity in adults, and a possible beneficial role has also been proposed in children. KD is very low in carbohydrate, high in fat, and moderate to high in protein that may have the potential to promote weight loss and improve lipidic derangement, glycemic control, and insulin sensitivity. In this review, we present metabolic disorders on glycemic and lipidic control in children and adolescents with obesity and indication of KD in pediatrics, discussing the role of KD as a therapeutic tool for metabolic derangement. The results of this review may suggest the validity of KD and the need to further research its potential to address metabolic risk factors in pediatric obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Calcaterra
- Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (V.C.); (E.T.)
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.C.P.); (V.C.M.); (G.F.); (E.D.P.); (A.B.); (C.F.T.); (E.D.)
| | - Elvira Verduci
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.C.P.); (V.C.M.); (G.F.); (E.D.P.); (A.B.); (C.F.T.); (E.D.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, 20142 Milano, Italy
| | - Martina Chiara Pascuzzi
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.C.P.); (V.C.M.); (G.F.); (E.D.P.); (A.B.); (C.F.T.); (E.D.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Vittoria Carlotta Magenes
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.C.P.); (V.C.M.); (G.F.); (E.D.P.); (A.B.); (C.F.T.); (E.D.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Fiore
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.C.P.); (V.C.M.); (G.F.); (E.D.P.); (A.B.); (C.F.T.); (E.D.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, 20142 Milano, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Di Profio
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.C.P.); (V.C.M.); (G.F.); (E.D.P.); (A.B.); (C.F.T.); (E.D.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisavietta Tenuta
- Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (V.C.); (E.T.)
| | - Alessandra Bosetti
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.C.P.); (V.C.M.); (G.F.); (E.D.P.); (A.B.); (C.F.T.); (E.D.)
| | - Carolina Federica Todisco
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.C.P.); (V.C.M.); (G.F.); (E.D.P.); (A.B.); (C.F.T.); (E.D.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Enza D’Auria
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.C.P.); (V.C.M.); (G.F.); (E.D.P.); (A.B.); (C.F.T.); (E.D.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.C.P.); (V.C.M.); (G.F.); (E.D.P.); (A.B.); (C.F.T.); (E.D.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science “L. Sacco”, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
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Tashlizky Madar R, Zion Yohay N, Grinstein Cohen O, Cohen L, Newman-Heiman N, Dvori Y. Post-Bariatric Surgery Care in Israeli Adolescents: A Qualitative Study. Clin Nurs Res 2021; 30:1281-1289. [PMID: 33754874 DOI: 10.1177/10547738211000064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Undergoing bariatric surgery is a life-changing experience for adolescents. However, little is known about post-bariatric surgery management among Israeli adolescents. We aimed to identify the post-operative needs and support from a qualitative aspect. Seventeen adolescents who underwent bariatric surgery were interviewed by semi-structure telephone interview. The interview guide was validated by 10 content experts from different hospitals across the country. Data were collected in 2018. Analysis of the interviews revealed three major themes: "multi-disciplinary team management," "patient satisfaction," and "follow-up." The "multi-disciplinary team management" theme was further divided into three major categories: "pain management," "physiotherapy," and "nutrition." "Patient satisfaction" was further divided into "guidance" and "team handling" categories. The "follow-up" theme included recommendations for improvement. The analysis provides novel information about adolescents' needs after bariatric surgery. Healthcare professionals' awareness of the adolescents' perspective could contribute to providing optimal post-operative care to this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Orli Grinstein Cohen
- Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel.,Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Lea Cohen
- Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | | | - Yael Dvori
- Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel
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Jauregibeitia I, Portune K, Gaztambide S, Rica I, Tueros I, Velasco O, Grau G, Martín A, Castaño L, Larocca AV, Di Nolfo F, Ferreri C, Arranz S. Molecular Differences Based on Erythrocyte Fatty Acid Profile to Personalize Dietary Strategies between Adults and Children with Obesity. Metabolites 2021; 11:43. [PMID: 33435565 PMCID: PMC7827034 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
As the obesity epidemic continues to grow inexorably worldwide, the need to develop effective strategies to prevent and control obesity seems crucial. The use of molecular tools can be useful to characterize different obesity phenotypes to provide more precise nutritional recommendations. This study aimed to determine the fatty acid (FA) profile of red blood cell (RBC) membranes, together with the evaluation of their dietary intake and biochemical parameters, of children and adults with obesity. An observational study was carried out on 196 children (113 with normal weight and 83 with obesity) and 91 adults (30 with normal weight and 61 with obesity). Mature RBC membrane phospholipids were analyzed for FA composition by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Dietary habits were evaluated using validated food frequency questionnaires (FFQ). Children with obesity presented higher levels of ω-6 polyunsaturated FAs (mainly linoleic acid, p = 0.01) and lower values of ω-3 FAs (mainly DHA, p < 0.001) compared with adults. Regarding blood biochemical parameters, children with obesity presented lower levels of glucose, LDL cholesterol, and alanine aminotransferase compared with adults with obesity. These lipidomic differences could be considered to provide specific nutritional recommendations for different age groups, based on an adequate fat intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iker Jauregibeitia
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio–Bizkaia, Spain; (I.J.); (K.P.); (I.T.)
| | - Kevin Portune
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio–Bizkaia, Spain; (I.J.); (K.P.); (I.T.)
| | - Sonia Gaztambide
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, CIBERDEM/CIBERER, UPV/EHU, Endo–ERN, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (S.G.); (I.R.); (O.V.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (L.C.)
| | - Itxaso Rica
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, CIBERDEM/CIBERER, UPV/EHU, Endo–ERN, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (S.G.); (I.R.); (O.V.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (L.C.)
| | - Itziar Tueros
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio–Bizkaia, Spain; (I.J.); (K.P.); (I.T.)
| | - Olaia Velasco
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, CIBERDEM/CIBERER, UPV/EHU, Endo–ERN, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (S.G.); (I.R.); (O.V.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (L.C.)
| | - Gema Grau
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, CIBERDEM/CIBERER, UPV/EHU, Endo–ERN, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (S.G.); (I.R.); (O.V.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (L.C.)
| | - Alicia Martín
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, CIBERDEM/CIBERER, UPV/EHU, Endo–ERN, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (S.G.); (I.R.); (O.V.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (L.C.)
| | - Luis Castaño
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, CIBERDEM/CIBERER, UPV/EHU, Endo–ERN, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (S.G.); (I.R.); (O.V.); (G.G.); (A.M.); (L.C.)
| | - Anna Vita Larocca
- Lipidomic Laboratory, Lipinutragen srl, Via di Corticella 181/4, 40128 Bologna, Italy; (A.V.L.); (F.D.N.)
| | - Federica Di Nolfo
- Lipidomic Laboratory, Lipinutragen srl, Via di Corticella 181/4, 40128 Bologna, Italy; (A.V.L.); (F.D.N.)
| | - Carla Ferreri
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, ISOF, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Arranz
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio–Bizkaia, Spain; (I.J.); (K.P.); (I.T.)
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Chen W, Yin H, Zhang N, Liu W, Qu Q, Xiao J, Gong F, He X. Changes of Resting Energy Expenditure in Type 2 Diabetes Rats After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass. Obes Surg 2020; 30:2994-3000. [PMID: 32338325 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-020-04638-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the changes of resting energy expenditure (REE) induced by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) in diabetic rats. METHODS Thirty male Goto-Kakizaki rats were randomly divided into RYGB, sham RYGB (SR), and control groups. Glucose metabolism, energy expenditure, triiodothyronine, and bile acid levels were measured. Body composition in different groups was compared after sacrifice. RESULTS RYGB induced significant diabetic improvement, with decreased maximum food intake and body weight. There was no significant difference in the REE between the groups before surgery (P = 0.74), while the REE of the RYGB group (1.15 ± 0.17 ml/h/g) was higher than that of the SR group (0.99 ± 0.13 ml/h/g) and the control group (0.97 ± 0.13 ml/h/g, P = 0.031) at the 20th postoperative week. The ratio of white adipose tissue in the RYGB group was lower (P = 0.02), and the ratio of brown adipose tissue was higher than that of the SR group and the control group (P = 0.045). Moreover, a higher bile acid level was detected in the RYGB group (6.4 ± 1.8 μmol/L) than in the SR group (4.2 ± 1.7 μmol/L) and the control group (4.0 ± 2.0 μmol/L, P = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS RYGB induces a higher REE level in diabetic rats. The circulating bile acid level was enhanced after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shuaifuyuan 1#, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Haixin Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shuaifuyuan 1#, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shuaifuyuan 1#, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shuaifuyuan 1#, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Qu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shuaifuyuan 1#, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianchun Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shuaifuyuan 1#, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengying Gong
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shuaifuyuan 1#, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong He
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shuaifuyuan 1#, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
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