Fe nano particles mediated C–N bond-forming reaction: Regioselective synthesis of 3-[(2-chloroquinolin-3-yl)methyl]pyrimidin-4(3H)ones

Molecular docking studies, biological evaluation and synthesis of novel 3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole derivatives

Synthesis of bioactive heterocyclic compounds having effective biological activity is an essential research area for wide-ranging applications. In this study, a conventional methodology has been developed for the synthesis of a series of new 3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole derivatives 4a-f. The purity and structure of the synthesized molecules were confirmed by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and elemental analysis. In addition, the prepared compounds were screened for their anti-proliferative activity against three human cancer cell lines including A549 (lung cancer), MCF7 (breast cancer) and SKOV3 (ovarian cancer) using MTT reduction assay. All the tested compounds demonstrated remarkable cytotoxic activity with IC₅₀ values ranging from 3.02 to 15.37 µM. The heterocyclic compound bearing 3,4,5-trimethoxy moiety was found to be the most effective among the series displaying an IC₅₀ of 3.02 µM specifically against the ovarian carcinoma cancer cell line (SKOV3). Moreover, Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining assay indicated that this compound can induce apoptosis in SKOV3 cells. Furthermore, cell cycle assay showed a significant cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase in a dose-dependent manner for this compound. The molecular docking results was showed binding modes of potent compound 4d perfectly corroborated the suggestion of binding to the colchicine site. The entire results conclude that 3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole derivatives can be synthesized by a green method for biological and pharmacological applications. New analogs of 3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole potential derivatives for anti-proliferative activity were synthesized. Cytotoxic activity of all synthesized compounds was evaluated against tree human cancer cell lines: lung (A549), breast (MCF7) and ovarian (SKOV3).

Newly Developed CK1-Specific Inhibitors Show Specifically Stronger Effects on CK1 Mutants and Colon Cancer Cell Lines

Protein kinases of the CK1 family can be involved in numerous physiological and pathophysiological processes. Dysregulated expression and/or activity as well as mutation of CK1 isoforms have previously been linked to tumorigenesis. Among all neoplastic diseases, colon and rectal cancer (CRC) represent the fourth leading cause of cancer related deaths. Since mutations in CK1δ previously found in CRC patients exhibited increased oncogenic features, inhibition of CK1δ is supposed to have promising therapeutic potential for tumors, which present overexpression or mutations of this CK1 isoform. Therefore, it is important to develop new small molecule inhibitors exhibiting higher affinity toward CK1δ mutants. In the present study, we first characterized the kinetic properties of CK1δ mutants, which were detected in different tumor entities. Subsequently, we characterized the ability of several newly developed IWP-based inhibitors to inhibit wild type and CK1δ mutants and we furthermore analyzed their effects on growth inhibition of various cultured colon cancer cell lines. Our results indicate, that these compounds represent a promising base for the development of novel CRC therapy concepts.

RSM optimized Moringa oleifera peel extract for green synthesis of M. oleifera capped palladium nanoparticles with antibacterial and hemolytic property

Palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) are the very good catalytic agents in many coupling reactions, also these are very well biological agents against bacteria and fungus. M. oleifera capped Pd NPs were synthesized from microwave assisted methanolic extract of M. oleifera peel. To optimize the extraction process RSM (Response Surface Methodology) was applied. To get a good extraction yield BBD (Box-Behnken Design) was employed. The better optimized conditions for the extraction was found as 400W, 25mL of CH3OH at 65°C for 2min. We observed 61.66mg of extract yield from this method. Eco-friendly M. oleifera capped Pd NPs were synthesized using M. oleifera peel extract and confirmed using the different characterization techniques like UV- Vis spectroscopy, XRD, SEM and HR-TEM analysis. We found the size of the M. oleifera capped Pd NPs nanoparticles as 27±2nm and shape of the particles as spherical through the TEM analysis. M. oleifera capped Pd NPs exhibits good antibacterial activity against S. aureus (Staphylococcus aureus) and E. coli (Escherichia coli) bacterial strains and we found the zone inhibition as 0.6 and 0.7mm. The synthesized M. oleifera capped Pd NPs are screened for hemolytic activity and it proved the M. oleifera capped Pd NPs are non-toxic on RBCs cells.

1,2,4-Triazolo-quinazoline-thiones: Non-conventional synthetic approach, study of solvatochromism and antioxidant assessment

A non-conventional methodology has been utilized for the synthesis of a series of 1,2,4-triazolo-quinazoline-thiones (2a-l). Here the reaction was carried out between 1,2,4-triazolo-quinazolinones (1a-l), in the presence of 1,4-dioxane. The mixture was irradiated under microwave (100W) for 7min to obtain targeted molecules (2a-l). All the synthesized molecules were confirmed by (1)H, (13)C NMR and HRMS. The solvatochromic property (absorption spectra) of compounds (2a-l) in solvents of different polarities was studied. The compounds (2a-l) were further subjected for their in vitro free radical screening using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and also screened for their in vitro anti-fungal property against Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus) and Aspergillus niger (A. niger). The results from free radical scavenging assay showed promising activity for compounds 2a, e-i, whereas compound 2d showed significant antioxidant activity when compared to ascorbic acid. In vitro anti-fungal study showed that the 1,2,4-triazolo-quinazoline-thiones (2a-l) had significant activity against A. flavus and A. niger compared with widely used antifungal agent Fluconazole.

Synthesis and characterization of palladium nanoparticles using Catharanthus roseus leaf extract and its application in the photo-catalytic degradation

The potential effect of Catharanthus roseus leaf extract for the formation of palladium nanoparticles and its application on dye degradation was discussed. The efficiency of C.roseus leaves are used as a bio-material for the first time as reducing agent. Synthesized palladium nanoparticles were supported by UV-vis spectrometry, XRD, FT-IR and TEM analysis. The secondary metabolites which are responsible for the formation of nanoparticles were identified by GC-MS. The results showed that effect of time was directly related to synthesized nanoparticles and functional groups has a critical role in reducing the metal ions and stabilizing the palladium nanoparticles in an eco-friendly process.

Efficient, One-Pot Synthesis of Polyfunctionalised Octahydroquinazolin-2,5-Diones Catalysed by Fe3O4 Nanoparticles

Using an efficient and eco-friendly approach, 14 4-aryl-7,7-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydroquinazolin-2,5-diones (and six of their 2-thione analogues) were prepared in good yields and in short reaction times by a three-component reaction of an araldehyde, dimedone and urea (or thiourea) using Fe3O4 nanoparticles in aqueous ethanol under reflux conditions. The Fe3O4 nanoparticles, which were easily prepared and could be recycled, were fully characterised by TEM, SEM, XRD, EDX, VSM and FTIR analysis.

Water mediated reactions: TiO2and ZnO nanoparticle catalyzed multi component domino reaction in the synthesis of tetrahydroacridinediones, acridindiones, xanthenones and xanthenes

Tetrahydroacridine-1,8-(2H,5H,9H,10H)-diones4from 1,3-cyclohexanedione and/or dimedone 1,2-chloro-3-formylquinoline2and anilines3in water at 90 °C were obtained by domino reaction approach.

Green chemical approach: microwave assisted, titanium dioxide nanoparticles catalyzed, convenient and efficient C–C bond formation in the synthesis of highly functionalized quinolines and quinolinones

TiO₂ nanoparticles was effectively applied in the microwave assisted synthesis of quinolines and quinolones.

Potential anti-bacterial agents: montmorillonite clay-catalyzed synthesis of novel 2-(3,5-substituted-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-3-substituted quinolines and their in silico molecular docking studies

A series of 2-(3,5-substituted-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-3-substituted quinolines 5a–g, were obtained utilizing Montmorillonite clay K-10 as a catalyst in an eco-friendly methodology.

A convenient and efficient C–OH bond activation, PdCl2(PPh3)2catalyzed, C–C bond formation of tautomerizable quinolinones with the aid of BOP reagent and boronic acids

C–C bond formation of tautomerizable quinolinones. C–OH bond activation using BOP reagent and boronic acids.

TiO2 nano crystallites catalyzed water mediated microwave assisted regioselective three component domino hydrolysis/aldol condensation/Michael addition reaction of 3-(1,5-dioxo-1,5-diphenylpentan-3-yl)quinolin-2(1H)-one

Microwave supported, water intervened, nano crystalline TiO₂ catalyzed synthesis of 3-(1,5-dioxo-1,5-diphenylpentan-3-yl)quinolin-2(1H)-ones, is described.

N-[2-(4-Methyl-2-quinol-yl)phen-yl]acetamide: a P1 structure with Z = 4

The title compound, C(18)H(16)N(2)O, crystallizes in the triclinic space group P1, with four independent mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit wherein two mol-ecules have an irregular -ac, -ac, +ap conformation (ap, antiperiplanar; ac, anticlinal), while the other mol-ecules exhibit a different, +ac, +ac, +ap conformation. The planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.006 Å in each of the four molecules) quinoline ring systems of the four mol-ecules are oriented at dihedral angles of 32.8 (2), 33.4 (2), 31.7 (2) and 32.3 (2)° with respect to the benzene rings. Intra-molecular N-H⋯N inter-actions occur in all four independent mol-ecules. The crystal packing is stabilized by inter-molecular N-H⋯O and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, and are further consolidated by C-H⋯π and π-π stacking inter-actions [centroid-centroid distances = 3.728 (3), 3.722 (3), 3.758 (3) and 3.705 (3) Å].

1-[(2-Chloro-8-methyl-quinolin-3-yl)-meth-yl]pyridin-2(1H)-one

In the title compound, C(16)H(13)ClN(2)O, the quinoline ring system is approximately planar [maximum deviation 0.021 (2) Å] and forms a dihedral angle of 85.93 (6)° with the pyridone ring. Inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonding, together with weak C-H⋯π and π-π inter-actions [centroid-to-centroid distances 3.5533 (9) and 3.7793 (9) Å], characterize the crystal structure.

1-[(2-Chloro-7-methyl-3-quinol-yl)meth-yl]pyridin-2(1H)-one

In the title compound, C₁₆H₁₃ClN₂O, the quinoline ring system is essentially planar, with a maximum deviation of 0.021 (2) Å. The pyridone ring is oriented at a dihedral angle of 85.93 (6)° with respect to the quinoline ring system. In the crystal structure, inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules along the b axis. Weak π–π stacking inter­actions [centroid–centroid distances = 3.7218 (9) and 3.6083 (9) Å] are also observed.