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Merino O, Figueroa E, Valdebenito I, Risopatrón J, Merino M, Farías JG. Change in the swimming pattern of Salmo salar spermatozoa caused by the high temperature of the sperm motility activation medium. Theriogenology 2024; 219:49-58. [PMID: 38387124 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Fish are ectotherms and many have an external reproductive mode. An environmental factor which triggers fish reproductive activity in fish is water temperature. However, climate change is causing increasingly frequent events in which the water temperature varies rapidly; as a result, both in hatchery and in natural conditions, fish sperm are exposed to varying environmental temperatures during their journey toward the egg. This study was based on two experiments: The first experiment was designed to determine how storage at 4 °C for four days affected the sperm functions of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) sperm collected by either abdominal massage (stripping/Pure) or testicular dissection (testicular macerate/Macerated). Further, computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) was used to compare sperm velocity parameters (VCL, VSL, and VAP) and progressivity (STR, LIN, and WOB) after motility activation at different temperatures (8 and 16 °C) of sperm collected by both methods (Pure vs Macerated). The results show that spermatozoa from Macerated samples maintained a higher sperm function when stored at 4 °C for 4 days compared to Pure sperm samples. In the second experiment, CASA determined that all parameters for sperm velocity (VCL, VSL, and VAP) and progressivity (STR (50%/55%), LIN (25%-32%), and WOB (51%-57%) were affected by activation temperature (P < 0.05) and that the motility patterns after activation at 16 °C (P < 0.05), specifically the LIN or STR swimming trajectories of the sperm differed between the two groups. In conclusion, the sperm quality of testicular Macerate was superior to that of Pure sperm abdominal mass, based on the higher quality of various sperm functions during short-term storage. Moreover, there was a significant effect of the temperature of the activation medium on sperm speed and progressivity (motility pattern) in the collected samples of testicular macerate. The sensitivity of Salmo salar spermatozoa to elevated temperature varies markedly between collection methods (Pure and Macerated).
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Affiliation(s)
- Osvaldo Merino
- Center of Excellence in Reproductive Biotechnology (BIOREN-CEBIOR), Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Elías Figueroa
- Food Production Research Nucleus, Faculty of Natural Resources, Catholic University of Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Iván Valdebenito
- Food Production Research Nucleus, Faculty of Natural Resources, Catholic University of Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Jennie Risopatrón
- Center of Excellence in Reproductive Biotechnology (BIOREN-CEBIOR), Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Maxsihel Merino
- Center of Excellence in Reproductive Biotechnology (BIOREN-CEBIOR), Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Jorge G Farías
- Center of Excellence in Reproductive Biotechnology (BIOREN-CEBIOR), Faculty of Medicine, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering and Sciences, University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
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Elmi A, Casalini A, Bertocchi M, Emmanuele P, Aniballi C, Parmeggiani A, Govoni N, Ventrella D, Mordenti O, Bacci ML. Comparative evaluation of the effects of different activating media and temperatures on European eel (Anguilla anguilla) sperm motility assessed by computer assisted sperm analysis. Res Vet Sci 2023; 164:105045. [PMID: 37812988 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.105045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The European eel is a critically endangered teleost fish with very poor success rate for captive breeding and artificial reproduction. Therefore, to support its conservation, new strategies are needed to ensure fertilization. Objective analysis of sperm motility may be critical as it potentially represents one of the most important reproductive quality parameters. Spermatozoa acquire motility once in contact with hyperosmotic solutions as saltwater, yet the exact mechanisms and the role of temperature are still to be clarified. The main aim of the study was to assess the effects of 3 activating media (artificial sea water, tank water and commercial Actifish®) at 4 and 20 °C on sperm motility, by means of computer assisted sperm analysis. Secondary aim was to test 2 different concentrations of Actifish® mimicking sea water pH/osmolality, at 4 °C. The results suggested how both temperature and activating media have effects on spermatozoa motility and kinematics, with temperature mainly acting upon interaction with the media type. The samples activated with tank water at 20 °C showed the poorest motility outcomes (mean 38.1%), while the ones activated with Actifish® diluted 1:4 and artificial sea water, at 4 °C, the highest (means 51.8 and 51.5% respectively). Additionally, diluting Actifish® to reach same pH and osmolality of seawater led to worse motility outcomes, suggesting that composition may be the critical factor for activation rather than osmolality itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Elmi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064, BO, Italy
| | - Antonio Casalini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064, BO, Italy
| | - Martina Bertocchi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064, BO, Italy
| | - Pietro Emmanuele
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064, BO, Italy
| | - Camilla Aniballi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064, BO, Italy
| | - Albamaria Parmeggiani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064, BO, Italy
| | - Nadia Govoni
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064, BO, Italy
| | - Domenico Ventrella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064, BO, Italy.
| | - Oliviero Mordenti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064, BO, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Bacci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, 40064, BO, Italy
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Oliveira CCV, Ferrão L, Gallego V, Mieiro C, Oliveira IB, Carvalhais A, Pachedo M, Cabrita E. Exposure to silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles at supra-environmental concentrations decreased sperm motility and affected spermatozoa subpopulations in gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata. Fish Physiol Biochem 2023:10.1007/s10695-023-01218-0. [PMID: 37436567 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-023-01218-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Marine pollution by nanoparticles (NPs) can be reprotoxic for fish and disturb successful reproduction of wild populations. In gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), a mild effect on sperm motility was observed after exposure to high concentrations of silver NPs. Considering the great heterogeneity traits within a sperm sample, it is possible that NPs affect spermatozoa accordingly, modulating subpopulation profile. Thus, this work aimed to analyse NP effects in sperm motility in general and considering spermatozoa population structure, using a subpopulation approach. Seabream sperm samples from mature males were exposed for 1 h to increasing concentrations of titanium dioxide (1, 10, 100, 1000 and 10,000 μg L-1) and silver (0.25, 25 and 250 μg L-1) NPs, including Ag NP and Ag+, dissolved in a non-activating medium (0.9 % NaCl). Concentrations chosen include realistic (10-100 and 0.25 μg L-1, respectively, for TiO2 and Ag) and supra-environmental values. The mean particle diameter was determined as 19.34 ± 6.72 and 21.50 ± 8.27 nm in the stock suspension, respectively, for titanium dioxide and silver. After the ex vivo exposure, sperm motility parameters were determined using computer-assisted sperm analysis, and sperm subpopulations were later identified using a two-step cluster analysis. Results revealed a significant reduction in total motility after exposure to the 2 highest concentrations of titanium dioxide NPs, while curvilinear and straight-line velocities were not altered. Exposure to silver NPs (Ag NP and Ag+) lowered significantly total and progressive motilities at all concentrations, while curvilinear and straight-line velocities were significantly lower only at the highest concentration. Sperm subpopulations were also affected by the exposure to both titanium dioxide and silver NPs. In both cases, the highest levels of NPs triggered a decrease in the percentage of fast sperm subpopulations (38.2% in TiO2 1000 μg L-1, 34.8.% in Ag NP 250 μg L-1, and 45.0% in Ag+ 250 μg L-1 vs 53.4% in the control), while an increase on slow sperm subpopulations. A reprotoxic effect was proven for both NPs, but only at supra-environmental concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonor Ferrão
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
- Aquaculture and Biodiversity Group, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022, València, Spain
| | - Victor Gallego
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
- Aquaculture and Biodiversity Group, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022, València, Spain
| | - Cláudia Mieiro
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Isabel B Oliveira
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Carvalhais
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mário Pachedo
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Elsa Cabrita
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
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Fernández-García F, Carvalhais A, Marques A, Oliveira IB, Guilherme S, Oliveira H, Oliveira CCV, Cabrita E, Asturiano JF, Pacheco M, Mieiro C. Silver nanoparticles and silver ions indistinguishably decrease sperm motility in Pacific oysters (Magallana gigas) after short-term direct exposure. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2023:104202. [PMID: 37385394 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the reprotoxicity of environmental (0.25μg.L-1) and supra-environmental (25μg.L-1 and 250μg.L-1) levels of silver nanoparticles (Ag NP) on the Pacific oyster (Magallana gigas), by determining sperm quality. For that, we evaluated sperm motility, mitochondrial function and oxidative stress. To determine whether the Ag toxicity was related to the NP or its dissociation into Ag ions (Ag+), we tested the same concentrations of Ag+. We observed no dose-dependent responses for Ag NP and Ag+, and both impaired sperm motility indistinctly without affecting mitochondrial function or inducing membrane damage. We hypothesize that the toxicity of Ag NP is mainly due to adhesion to the sperm membrane. Blockade of membrane ion channels may also be a mechanism by which Ag NP and Ag+ induce toxicity. The presence of Ag in the marine ecosystem is of environmental concern as it may affect reproduction in oysters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Fernández-García
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - Ana Carvalhais
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Marques
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Sofia Guilherme
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Helena Oliveira
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Elsa Cabrita
- CCMAR, University of Algarve, Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Juan F Asturiano
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - Mário Pacheco
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Mieiro
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Hernández-Rodríguez A, Sousa-Santos C, Gil F, Cabrita E, Guerreiro PM, Gallego V. Assessment of male reproductive traits in endangered leuciscids from the Iberian Peninsula: first attempts to store gametes both at short- and long-term. Fish Physiol Biochem 2023:10.1007/s10695-023-01195-4. [PMID: 37083967 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-023-01195-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
During the spring of 2022, several endangered leuciscid species (Anaecypris hispanica, Squalius aradensis, Anachondrostoma Occidentale, and Iberochondrostoma lusitanicum) were sampled both at the Vasco da Gama aquarium facilities and in some rivers of the Algarve region, Portugal. Sperm samples were extracted by gentle abdominal pressure and sperm motion parameters were assessed for the first time in four species, using a computerized analysis system. The results obtained showed that spermatozoa kinetic patterns were similar for all 4 species, with high motility and velocity values after the sperm activation time and with a marked decrease after 20. On the other hand, sperm longevity was highly variable between species, with short longevities (around 40 s) for A. hispanica and S. aradensis, and longer longevities (100-120 s) for A. occidentale and I. lusitanicum, which could indicate a latitudinal pattern in terms of sperm longevity. At the same time, morphometric analysis was carried out for the four target species, revealing that spermatozoa showed similar sizes and shapes to other external fertilizers belonging to Leuscididae, with small spherical heads, uniflagellate, and without acrosomes. In addition, a short-term gamete storage trail was performed by diluting sperm in 1:9 (sperm:extender) and storing them at 4ºC. Although the results obtained were uneven among the species studied, the dilution and extender used generated motilities above 40% up to day 4 of storage in S. aradensis and I. lusitanicum, and up to days 1-2 in A. hispanica and A. occidentale, respectively. Finally, gamete cryopreservation trials were also carried out on these threatened species. Although cryopreserved samples showed significantly lower motility than fresh samples, some protocols generate acceptable percentages of viability, DNA integrity, and sperm motility in some species such as I. lusitanicum and A. occidentale. The data revealed that the protocol based on 10% DMSO plus 7.5% egg yolk generated the best results.This study is the first to assess the reproductive traits of wild and captive populations of endangered leuciscids endemic from the Iberian Peninsula, describing the spermatozoa kinetics and developing protocols for managing male gametes both in short- and long-term storage. Outcomes will provide new and useful tools to complement the management and conservation of ex situ breeding programs that are being developed for these four endangered species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fátima Gil
- Aquário Vasco da Gama, Marinha Portuguesa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Elsa Cabrita
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Pedro M Guerreiro
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Victor Gallego
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal.
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Carvalhais A, Oliveira IB, Oliveira H, Oliveira CCV, Ferrão L, Cabrita E, Asturiano JF, Guilherme S, Pacheco M, Mieiro CL. Ex vivo exposure to titanium dioxide and silver nanoparticles mildly affect sperm of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) - A multiparameter spermiotoxicity approach. Mar Pollut Bull 2022; 177:113487. [PMID: 35245769 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NP) are potentially reprotoxic, which may compromise the success of populations. However, the reprotoxicity of NP is still scarcely addressed in marine fish. Therefore, we evaluated the impacts of environmentally relevant and supra environmental concentrations of titanium dioxide (TiO2: 10 to 10,000 μg·L-1) and silver NP (Ag: 0.25 to 250 μg·L-1) on the sperm of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). We performed short-term direct exposures (ex vivo) and evaluated sperm motility, head morphometry, mitochondrial function, antioxidant responses and DNA integrity. No alteration in sperm motility (except for supra environmental Ag NP concentration), head morphometry, mitochondrial function, and DNA integrity occurred. However, depletion of all antioxidants occurred after exposure to TiO2 NP, whereas SOD decreased after exposure to Ag NP (lowest and intermediate concentration). Considering our results, the decrease in antioxidants did not indicate vulnerability towards oxidative stress. TiO2 NP and Ag NP induced low spermiotoxicity, without proven relevant ecological impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Carvalhais
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - I B Oliveira
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal.
| | - H Oliveira
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - C C V Oliveira
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - L Ferrão
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - E Cabrita
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - J F Asturiano
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Spain
| | - S Guilherme
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Pacheco
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - C L Mieiro
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Prato E, Fabbrocini A, Libralato G, Migliore L, Parlapiano I, D'Adamo R, Rotini A, Manfra L, Lofrano G, Carraturo F, Trifuoggi M, Biandolino F. Comparative toxicity of ionic and nanoparticulate zinc in the species Cymodoce truncata, Gammarus aequicauda and Paracentrotus lividus. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:42891-42900. [PMID: 33829380 PMCID: PMC8354894 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13712-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Due to the continuous development, production and consumption of nanoparticles (NPs), their release, fate and effects in marine coastal environment can represent a major concern. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and compare it to bulk ZnSO4 on three macroinvertebrates: the isopod Cymodoce truncata (i.e. used for the first time in ecotoxicology), the amphipod Gammarus aequicauda and the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. This study showed concentration- and time-dependent relationships for all biological models for both ZnO NPs and ZnSO4. Both Zn forms elicited high toxicity to G. aequicauda and C. truncata juveniles, but ZnO NPs induced comparable responses to both species (96h-LC50 = 0.30 and 0.37 mg/L for G. aequicauda and C. truncata, respectively; p > 0.05), while differences were found after ZnSO4 exposure (96h-LC50 = 0.28 and 0.63 mg/L, respectively; p < 0.05). ZnO NPs generated sub-lethal effects on P. lividus embryos (72h-EC50 = 0.04 (0.03, 0.05) mg/L), not significantly different from ZnSO4 ones (72h-EC50 = 0.06 (0.05, 0.07) mg/L). Effects of ZnO NPs were similar to existing literature data for other testing species. C. truncata can be considered as a promising new biological model in (nano)ecotoxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ermelinda Prato
- CNR-IRSA National Research Council - Water Research Institute, Taranto, Italy.
| | - Adele Fabbrocini
- CNR-ISMAR (National Research Council - Institute of Marine Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Libralato
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia 21, 80126, Naples, Italy.
| | - Luciana Migliore
- Department of Biology, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Parlapiano
- CNR-IRSA National Research Council - Water Research Institute, Taranto, Italy
| | - Raffaele D'Adamo
- CNR-ISMAR (National Research Council - Institute of Marine Sciences, Naples, Italy
| | - Alice Rotini
- Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Rome, Italy
| | - Loredana Manfra
- Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Rome, Italy
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | - Giusy Lofrano
- Centro Servizi Metrologici e Tecnologici Avanzati (CeSMA), Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Carraturo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia 21, 80126, Naples, Italy
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Fabbrocini A, Silvestri F, D'Adamo R. Development of alternative and sustainable methodologies in laboratory research on sea urchin gametes. Mar Environ Res 2021; 167:105282. [PMID: 33639392 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present work is to develop a laboratory-scaled methodology for an on-demand supply of semen from the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. Firstly, sea urchin specimens were acclimatized to the long-term rearing in a recirculating aquaculture system and gonad maturation was obtained under controlled conditions. Semen samples were then collected from mature sea urchins and cryopreserved. Finally, post-thawing motility was evaluated, to verify whether the cryopreserved semen had maintained enough viability to be used in laboratory activities. The post-thawing motility parameters remained quite unchanged for up to 60 min after activation; moreover, the semen even retained the ability of motility activation for 60 min after thawing. This motility pattern makes the use of cryopreserved semen a feasible option in spermiotoxicity bioassays. The preliminary ecotoxicity test, carried out using motility parameters as endpoints, showed sensitivity levels to cadmium falling in the same order of magnitude as those recorded for fresh sea urchin semen and for cryopreserved sea bream semen. . Therefore, semen samples produced and stored according to the developed methodology described in this paper, can be considered a promising and sustainable alternative to those collected from mature sea urchins harvested in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele Fabbrocini
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze Marine CNR, ISMAR, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Fausto Silvestri
- Fundação Instituto de Pesca do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - FIPERJ, Angra dos Reis, RJ, Brazil
| | - Raffaele D'Adamo
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze Marine CNR, ISMAR, Napoli, Italy
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Nowicka-Bauer K, Szymczak-Cendlak M. Structure and Function of Ion Channels Regulating Sperm Motility-An Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063259. [PMID: 33806823 PMCID: PMC8004680 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm motility is linked to the activation of signaling pathways that trigger movement. These pathways are mainly dependent on Ca2+, which acts as a secondary messenger. The maintenance of adequate Ca2+ concentrations is possible thanks to proper concentrations of other ions, such as K+ and Na+, among others, that modulate plasma membrane potential and the intracellular pH. Like in every cell, ion homeostasis in spermatozoa is ensured by a vast spectrum of ion channels supported by the work of ion pumps and transporters. To achieve success in fertilization, sperm ion channels have to be sensitive to various external and internal factors. This sensitivity is provided by specific channel structures. In addition, novel sperm-specific channels or isoforms have been found with compositions that increase the chance of fertilization. Notably, the most significant sperm ion channel is the cation channel of sperm (CatSper), which is a sperm-specific Ca2+ channel required for the hyperactivation of sperm motility. The role of other ion channels in the spermatozoa, such as voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs), Ca2+-activated Cl-channels (CaCCs), SLO K+ channels or voltage-gated H+ channels (VGHCs), is to ensure the activation and modulation of CatSper. As the activation of sperm motility differs among metazoa, different ion channels may participate; however, knowledge regarding these channels is still scarce. In the present review, the roles and structures of the most important known ion channels are described in regard to regulation of sperm motility in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Nowicka-Bauer
- Department of Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Monika Szymczak-Cendlak
- Department of Animal Physiology and Development, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 61-614 Poznan, Poland;
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Abstract
Although a relatively high number of sperm quality biomarkers have been reported over the years in several fish species, sperm motility is nowadays considered the best biomarker for fish spermatozoa. The first scientific reports focusing on fish sperm motility date from a century ago, but the objective assessment allowed by computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA-Mot) systems was not applied to fish species until the mid-1980s. Since then, a high number of sperm kinetic parameters from more than 170 fish species have been reported in more than 700 scientific articles, covering a wide range of topics, such as sperm physiology, sperm storage, broodstock management, the phenomenon of sperm competition, ecotoxicology and understanding the life cycle of the species. The sperm kinetic parameters provided by CASA-Mot systems can serve as powerful and useful tools for aquaculture and ecological purposes, and this review provides an overview of the major research areas in which fish sperm motility assessment by a CASA-Mot system has been used successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Gallego
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - J F Asturiano
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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11
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Martínez-Brown JM, Cetzal-Aké CA, Ibarra-Castro L, Sánchez-Cárdenas R, Maldonado-Amparo MA, Rojo-Cebreros AH, Sánchez-Téllez JL. Embryonic development of the bullseye puffer Sphoeroides annulatus (Tetraodontidae): A morphofunctional approach to ontogenetic steps. J Morphol 2019; 280:948-967. [PMID: 31021459 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The embryonic development of the bullseye puffer, Sphoeroides annulatus, was characterized on the basis of the theory of saltatory ontogeny. This theory predicts a correlative relationship between the ontogeny-type in an altricial-precocial spectrum and the habitat that a species occupies within an unstable-stable environmental spectrum. Because S. annulatus inhabits a variety of unstable environments along a wide latitudinal range, the hypothesis that this species presents one of the most altricial embryonic developments among tetraodontids was tested. Based on major developmental events that marked the ontogenetic thresholds nine embryonic steps were identified. Developmental features such as small adhesives eggs, lack of vitelline circulation, small free embryos swimming up at hatching guided by positive phototaxis, and small first-feeding larvae actively swam in the water column, suggest that S. annulatus belongs to the reproductive guild of the nonguarders-lithopelagophils. Moreover, a comparative analysis of the developmental sequences, egg size, and first-feeding larvae size between tetraodontids confirms the hypothesis of this study and supports the evolutionary principle of the altricial-precocial spectrum postulated in the theory of saltatory ontogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Martínez-Brown
- Laboratorio de Reproducción y Planta Piloto de Peces Marinos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo (CIAD) Unidad Mazatlán, Mazatlán, Sin, Mexico.,Dirección de Cátedras-CONACYT, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Carlos A Cetzal-Aké
- Laboratorio de Reproducción y Planta Piloto de Peces Marinos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo (CIAD) Unidad Mazatlán, Mazatlán, Sin, Mexico
| | - Leonardo Ibarra-Castro
- Laboratorio de Reproducción y Planta Piloto de Peces Marinos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo (CIAD) Unidad Mazatlán, Mazatlán, Sin, Mexico
| | - Rebeca Sánchez-Cárdenas
- Dirección de Cátedras-CONACYT, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Laboratorio de Ecología de Pesquerías, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Mazatlán, Sin, Mexico
| | - María A Maldonado-Amparo
- Laboratorio de Ecología de Pesquerías, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Mazatlán, Sin, Mexico
| | - Angel H Rojo-Cebreros
- Laboratorio de Reproducción y Planta Piloto de Peces Marinos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo (CIAD) Unidad Mazatlán, Mazatlán, Sin, Mexico
| | - Juan L Sánchez-Téllez
- Laboratorio de Reproducción y Planta Piloto de Peces Marinos, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo (CIAD) Unidad Mazatlán, Mazatlán, Sin, Mexico
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12
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Zheng X, Deng Z, Qin JG, Wang A, Gu Z, Ma Z. Noble scallop, Chlamys nobilis, sperm motility duration in the post-activation phase. Anim Reprod Sci 2018; 196:197-204. [PMID: 30115521 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Sperm motility in the post-activation phase is important for conducting and assessing species-specific artificial fertilization protocols. This study characterizes spermatozoa movement of the noble scallop, Chlamys nobilis, during the post-activation phase. Sperm samples were diluted and activated by fresh seawater, and subsequently incubated at 26 °C for 4 h. Sperm movement variables including total motile sperm (TM), rapid sperm (RAP), curvilinear velocity (VCL), straight-line velocity (VSL), average path velocity (VAP), lateral head displacement (ALH) and beat-cross frequency (BCF) after sperm activation was recorded and analyzed using the computer assisted semen analyze system. Based on the motility index (MI), the sperm movement was categorized into four groupings (twitching before full activation, full activation, twitching after full activation, and decreasing during the latter portion of the sperm motility pattern). The full activation lasted 21 min with the greatest movement characteristics except BCF, and there was no difference with twitching before full activation except for the RAP. The greatest TM was observed at 24.5 min after activation. The RAP, VCL, VSL, VAP and ALH values in the post-activation phase increased at full activation, followed by a subsequent decrease, while the BCF continued to trend downward throughout the study. This study contributes to the understanding on the sperm property of the noble scallop for gamete management, fertilization and spat production in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea (Hainan University), 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China; Ocean College, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, Hainan, PR China; Tropical Aquaculture Research and Development Center, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Sanya 572018, PR China
| | - Zhenghua Deng
- Tropical Aquaculture Research and Development Center, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Sanya 572018, PR China
| | - Jian G Qin
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Aimin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea (Hainan University), 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China
| | - Zhifeng Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea (Hainan University), 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China; Ocean College, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, Hainan, PR China.
| | - Zhenhua Ma
- Tropical Aquaculture Research and Development Center, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Sanya 572018, PR China.
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13
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Peñaranda D, Gallego V, Rozenfeld C, Herranz-jusdado J, Pérez L, Gómez A, Giménez I, Asturiano J. Using specific recombinant gonadotropins to induce spermatogenesis and spermiation in the European eel (Anguilla anguilla). Theriogenology 2018; 107:6-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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14
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Gallego V, Yoshida M, Kurokawa D, Asturiano JF, Fraser GJ. Embryonic development of the grass pufferfish (Takifugu niphobles): From egg to larvae. Theriogenology 2017; 90:191-196. [PMID: 28166967 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Revised: 11/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tetraodontidae (pufferfish) family members carry the smallest genomes among vertebrates, and these pocket-sized genomes have directly contributed to our understanding of the structure and evolution of higher animals. The grass pufferfish (Takifugu niphobles) could be considered a potential new model organism for comparative genomics and development due to the potential access to embryos, and availability of sequence data for two similar genomes: that of spotted green pufferfish (Tetraodon nigroviridis) and Fugu (Takifugu rubripes). In this study, we provide the first description of the normal embryonic development of T. niphobles, by drawing comparisons with the closely related species cited above. Embryos were obtained by in vitro fertilization of eggs, and subsequent development was monitored at a constant temperature consistent with natural conditions. T. niphobles development was divided into seven periods of embryogenesis: the zygote, cleavage, blastula, gastrula, segmentation, pharyngula, and hatching periods; and stages subdividing these periods are defined based on morphological characteristics. The developmental stage series described in this study aims to provide the utilization of T. niphobles as an experimental model organism for comparative developmental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Gallego
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain; Misaki Marine Biological Station, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Miura, Kanagawa, 238-0225, Japan
| | - M Yoshida
- Misaki Marine Biological Station, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Miura, Kanagawa, 238-0225, Japan
| | - D Kurokawa
- Misaki Marine Biological Station, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Miura, Kanagawa, 238-0225, Japan
| | - J F Asturiano
- Grupo de Acuicultura y Biodiversidad, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - G J Fraser
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom.
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15
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Fabbrocini A, D'Adamo R, Del Prete F, Maurizio D, Specchiulli A, Oliveira LFJ, Silvestri F, Sansone G. The sperm motility pattern in ecotoxicological tests. The CRYO-Ecotest as a case study. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2016; 123:53-59. [PMID: 26318919 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Changes in environmental stressors inevitably lead to an increasing need for innovative and more flexible monitoring tools. The aim of this work has been the characterization of the motility pattern of the cryopreserved sea bream semen after exposure to a dumpsite leachate sample, for the identification of the best representative parameters to be used as endpoints in an ecotoxicological bioassay. Sperm motility has been evaluated either by visual and by computer-assisted analysis; parameters concerning motility on activation and those describing it in the times after activation (duration parameters) have been assessed, discerning them in terms of sensitivity, reliability and methodology of assessment by means of multivariate analyses. The EC50 values of the evaluated endpoints ranged between 2.3 and 4.5ml/L, except for the total motile percentage (aTM, 7.0ml/L), which proved to be the less sensitive among all the tested parameters. According to the multivariate analyses, a difference in sensitivity among "activation" endpoints in respect of "duration" ones can be inferred; on the contrary, endpoints seem to be equally informative either describing total motile sperm or the rapid sub-population, as well as the assessment methodology seems to be not discriminating. In conclusion, the CRYO-Ecotest is a multi-endpoint bioassay that can be considered a promising innovative ecotoxicological tool, characterized by a high plasticity, as its endpoints can be easy tailored each time according to the different needs of the environmental quality assessment programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele Fabbrocini
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze Marine, UOS Lesina (FG), Italy.
| | - Raffaele D'Adamo
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze Marine, UOS Lesina (FG), Italy
| | | | - Daniela Maurizio
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze Marine, UOS Lesina (FG), Italy
| | | | - Luis F J Oliveira
- Instituto Oceanográfico - USP, São Paulo, Brazil; The Capes Foundation - Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Fausto Silvestri
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi Federico II, Napoli, Italy; FIPERJ - Fundação Instituto de Pesca do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Centro Angra dos Reis (RJ), Brazil
| | - Giovanni Sansone
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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