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Specchiulli A, Pastorino P, De Rinaldis G, Scirocco T, Anselmi S, Cilenti L, Ungaro N, Renzi M. Multiple approach for assessing lagoon environmental status based on water bodies quality indices and microplastics accumulation. Sci Total Environ 2023:164228. [PMID: 37236488 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Lagoon environments, like all the marine-coastal areas, offer a wide variety of ecosystem services, but at the same time are affected by pressing human activities that lead to deterioration of the environmental quality, loss of biodiversity, habitat destruction and pollution. Since the well-being of population and local economy depend on the environmental status of these ecosystems, it is essential to adopt long-term management tools to achieve the Good Environmental Status sensu European Marine Strategy Framework Directive and Water Framework Directive. A Nature 2000 site (Lesina lagoon, south Italy) was assessed within a project aimed at protecting and restoring biodiversity and lagoon habitat through integrated monitoring, suitable management, and good practices. Here we provide an assessment of the lagoon integrity based on a multi-metrics approach, highlighting match/mismatch among environmental quality indicators and microplastics (MP) pollution. Some environmental quality indices based on ecosystem components as vegetation, macroinvertebrates and water trophic variables were applied together with an accurate evaluation of MPs abundance, distribution, and composition to assess the ecological status of Lesina lagoon before and after cleaning actions with litter removal. Overall, all the ecological descriptors outlined a clear lagoon spatial gradient, with a western saltier and organic-enriched area characterized by the absence of vegetation, macrozoobenthos with lower diversity and richness and high MPs occurrence. The focus on macrozoobenthos, considered as a key component of the lagoon ecosystem, identified much more sites in "poor" status than the other indicators here considered. Moreover, it was found a negative relationship between the Multivariate Marine Biotic Index and MPs items in sediment, suggesting that MP pollution has a negative impact on macrobenthic fauna, concurring to the deterioration of the benthic ecological status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Specchiulli
- National Research Council - Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies (CNR-IRBIM), Lesina, Italy; National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Paolo Pastorino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, 10154 Torino, Italy.
| | - Gianluca De Rinaldis
- National Research Council - Institute of Nanotechnology (CNR-NANOTEC), 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Tommaso Scirocco
- National Research Council - Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies (CNR-IRBIM), Lesina, Italy
| | | | - Lucrezia Cilenti
- National Research Council - Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies (CNR-IRBIM), Lesina, Italy
| | - Nicola Ungaro
- Apulian Regional Agency for the Environmental Prevention and Protection, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Monia Renzi
- National Research Council - Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies (CNR-IRBIM), Lesina, Italy; Department of Life Science, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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Provenza F, Pastorino P, Anselmi S, Persiano ML, Scirocco T, De Rinaldis G, Fossi MC, Panti C, Renzi M, Specchiulli A. Chemical pollution and ecotoxicological effects of high-density polyethylene microplastics in Mytilus galloprovincialis from two Italian lagoon ecosystems. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 98:104075. [PMID: 36736514 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Transitional water ecosystems have low water exchanges and can trap chemicals and microplastics (MPs). In this study, MPs, trace elements, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-PHAs levels and the oxidative stress response were assessed in Mytilus galloprovincialis from two Italian lagoon ecosystems (Orbetello and Varano). In addition, the ecotoxicological effects induced by the exposure of M. galloprovincialis to high-density polyethylene-HDPE MPs were also determined. Levels of trace elements were almost always comparable among the sites, whereas MPs were found only in mussels from Orbetello. PAHs were always under the limit of quantification. Glutathione peroxidase and malondialdehyde levels were significantly higher in mussels from Varano. As regard the exposure test, it was found a significant effect of treatment, site and their interaction on mortality and biochemical biomarkers in both fed and unfed mussels. However, principal component analysis suggests similar effects of both color and nourishment condition on biochemical biomarkers. These findings warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Provenza
- Department of Life Science, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; Bioscience Research Center, 58015 Orbetello (GR), Italy
| | - Paolo Pastorino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, 10154 Torino, Italy.
| | | | - Marco Leporatti Persiano
- Supporto tecnico-scientifico direttore dell'esecuzione sistema di gestione 2022 della laguna di Orbetello, 58015 Orbetello (GR), Italy
| | - Tommaso Scirocco
- National Research Council - Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies (IRBIM), 71010 Lesina, Italy
| | | | - Maria Cristina Fossi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Cristina Panti
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Monia Renzi
- Department of Life Science, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; National Research Council - Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies (IRBIM), 71010 Lesina, Italy
| | - Antonietta Specchiulli
- National Research Council - Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies (IRBIM), 71010 Lesina, Italy
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Provenza F, Anselmi S, Specchiulli A, Piccardo M, Barceló D, Prearo M, Pastorino P, Renzi M. Sparkling plastic: Effects of exposure to glitter on the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 96:103994. [PMID: 36183968 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microbeads and fragments have been widely studied, while glitter remains neglected by the literature although found in a variety product (e.g., body paints, nail polish, cosmetics, craft products). The main aim of this study was to assess the effects of different types and concentrations of glitter particles on Mytilus galloprovincialis after 7 days of exposure. The experiment was divided into a preliminary test and a confirmatory test. Our findings support the hypothesis for a link between concentration and type of glitter particles, percentage of recovery and oxidative stress in M. galloprovincialis. There was a significant correlation between particle length and percentage of particles recovered in water, suggesting that the digestive tract of M. galloprovincialis retains smaller particles more. In addition, we noted an increase in antioxidant defense induced by smaller particles. Moreover, certain types of glitter crumbled and shortened in length, resulting in higher levels of oxidative stress biomarkers. Finally, the star-shaped glitter particles had a different effect on oxidative stress biomarkers. Further studies are needed to clarify the toxic effects of glitter on aquatic organisms and to quantify its proportion to other microplastics in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Provenza
- Bioscience Research Center, 58015 Orbetello, GR, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Antonietta Specchiulli
- National Research Council-Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies (IRBIM), Lesina, Italy
| | - Manuela Piccardo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Damià Barceló
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA-CERCA), 17003 Girona, Spain; Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marino Prearo
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, 10154 Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Pastorino
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, 10154 Torino, Italy.
| | - Monia Renzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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Marangi M, Lago N, Mancinelli G, Lillo Antonio O, Scirocco T, Sinigaglia M, Specchiulli A, Cilenti L. Occurrence of the protozoan parasites Toxoplasma gondii and Cyclospora cayetanensis in the invasive Atlantic blue crab Callinectes sapidus from the Lesina Lagoon (SE Italy). Mar Pollut Bull 2022; 176:113428. [PMID: 35150989 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of the protozoan parasites Toxoplasma gondii and Cyclospora cayetanensis was molecularly investigated in the hemolymph, gills, stomach, hepatopancreas and gonads of the eleven invasive Atlantic blue crab Callinectes sapidus from the Lesina Lagoon (Mediterranean Sea). Out of 11 blue crabs, 6 (54.5%) and 4 (36.4%) were found positive to T. gondii and C. cayetanenis, respectively; parasites were found only in the six females analysed, while the remaining five males resulted negative. Moreover, out of 55 tissues samples, 7 (12.7%) and 8 (14.5%) were positive to T. gondii and C. cayetanensis, respectively with hemolymph and gills being the most infected tissues. This is the first report of the presence of protozoan pathogens in wild crab species collected from a Mediterranean lagoon. The present results may provide a baseline reference on microbial infection in the species for invaded Mediterranean waters, and on the potential health risks related with its consumption if eaten raw.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Marangi
- Department of Science of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering (DAFNE), University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Nicola Lago
- CNR-IRBIM, National Research Council - Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnologies, 71010 Lesina, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mancinelli
- CNR-IRBIM, National Research Council - Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnologies, 71010 Lesina, Foggia, Italy; Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; CoNISMa, Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, 00196 Roma, Italy
| | - Oscar Lillo Antonio
- CNR-IRBIM, National Research Council - Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnologies, 71010 Lesina, Foggia, Italy
| | - Tommaso Scirocco
- CNR-IRBIM, National Research Council - Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnologies, 71010 Lesina, Foggia, Italy
| | - Milena Sinigaglia
- Department of Science of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources and Engineering (DAFNE), University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonietta Specchiulli
- CNR-IRBIM, National Research Council - Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnologies, 71010 Lesina, Foggia, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Cilenti
- CNR-IRBIM, National Research Council - Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnologies, 71010 Lesina, Foggia, Italy
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Renzi M, Cilenti L, Scirocco T, Grazioli E, Anselmi S, Broccoli A, Pauna V, Provenza F, Specchiulli A. Litter in alien species of possible commercial interest: The blue crab (Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 1896) as case study. Mar Pollut Bull 2020; 157:111300. [PMID: 32469748 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Marine litter levels were measured in the stomach contents, hepatopancreas, and gonad tissues of crustacea decapod (Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 1896; n = 6), a widespread alien species affecting the Lesina lagoon. Results highlight a mean of 2.5 (SD = 1.6) items/animal and indicate the presence of metals fragments (13%) and plastics (13% PE; 6.7% PET) in the stomach contents of collected individuals. No microplastic particles were detected in the hepatopancreas or in muscle tissue, while microplastic fibres (nylon, rayon, polyester) were found present in female specimen gonads. The presence of synthetic fibres in the investigated species reflects the relative contamination level in this habitat type and suggests that the blue crab could be considered a model organism for evaluating the contamination status of the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Renzi
- Università degli studi di Trieste, via v. Giorgeri, 10, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Lucrezia Cilenti
- National Research Council-Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies (IRBIM), Via Pola 4, 71010, Lesina, Italy
| | - Tommaso Scirocco
- National Research Council-Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies (IRBIM), Via Pola 4, 71010, Lesina, Italy
| | - Eleonora Grazioli
- Bioscience Research Center, via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, GR, Italy
| | - Serena Anselmi
- Bioscience Research Center, via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, GR, Italy
| | - Andrea Broccoli
- Bioscience Research Center, via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, GR, Italy
| | - Valentina Pauna
- Department of Science and Technology, Parthenope University of Naples, Centro Direzionale, Isola C4, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Provenza
- Bioscience Research Center, via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello, GR, Italy
| | - Antonietta Specchiulli
- National Research Council-Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies (IRBIM), Via Pola 4, 71010, Lesina, Italy.
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Kraus R, Grilli F, Supić N, Janeković I, Brailo M, Cara M, Cetinić AB, Campanelli A, Cozzi S, D'Adamo R, Djakovac T, Dutour-Sikirić M, Flander-Putrle V, Francé J, Joksimović D, Klun K, Kolitari J, Kralj M, Kušpilić G, Marini M, Matić F, Mikuš J, Ninčević-Gladan Ž, Pansera M, Pećarević M, Precali R, Prusina I, Relitti F, Santucci A, Specchiulli A, Škalic D. Oceanographic characteristics of the Adriatic Sea - Support to secondary HAOP spread through natural dispersal. Mar Pollut Bull 2019; 147:59-85. [PMID: 30528114 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Vessels, specifically ballast water and hull fouling, are a major vector for the introduction of non-indigenous species (NIS) in European seas. The Mediterranean is one of the world's marine regions where their invasion is heaviest. The shallow Adriatic basin is a highly sensitive area that is already experiencing its consequences. The secondary spread of NIS over a wider area through natural dispersion is a complex process that depends on a wide range of oceanographic factors. This work analysed the dataset of the BALMAS project, in whose framework twelve ports in the Adriatic Sea were subjected to a Port Baseline Survey (PBS), to estimate the natural spread of NIS organisms from their port of arrival to the wider Adriatic basin. Its findings indicate that the prevailing water circulation patterns facilitate the natural dispersal of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens (HAOP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Kraus
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Center for Marine Research, G. Paliage 5, 52210 Rovinj, Croatia.
| | - Federica Grilli
- National Research Council, IRBIM, Largo Fiera della Pesca 2, 60125 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Nastjenjka Supić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Center for Marine Research, G. Paliage 5, 52210 Rovinj, Croatia.
| | - Ivica Janeković
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; The University of Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Marina Brailo
- University of Dubrovnik, Department of Aquaculture, Ćira Carića 4, 20000 Dubrovnik, Croatia.
| | - Magdalena Cara
- Agricultural University of Tirana, Kodër Kamëz, SH1, 1000 Tirana, Albania.
| | - Ana Bratoš Cetinić
- University of Dubrovnik, Department of Aquaculture, Ćira Carića 4, 20000 Dubrovnik, Croatia.
| | | | - Stefano Cozzi
- National Research Council, Institute of Marine Sciences, Strada Statale 14, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Raffaele D'Adamo
- National Research Council, CNR-IRBIM, via Pola 4, 71010 Lesina (FG), Italy.
| | - Tamara Djakovac
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Center for Marine Research, G. Paliage 5, 52210 Rovinj, Croatia.
| | - Mathieu Dutour-Sikirić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Bijenička 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Vesna Flander-Putrle
- National Institute of Biology, Marine Biology Station, Fornače 41, 6330 Piran, Slovenia.
| | - Janja Francé
- National Institute of Biology, Marine Biology Station, Fornače 41, 6330 Piran, Slovenia.
| | - Danijela Joksimović
- University of Montenegro, Institute of Marine Biology, Dobrota bb, 85330 Kotor, Montenegro.
| | - Katja Klun
- National Institute of Biology, Marine Biology Station, Fornače 41, 6330 Piran, Slovenia.
| | - Jerina Kolitari
- Agricultural University of Tirana, Kodër Kamëz, SH1, 1000 Tirana, Albania.
| | - Martina Kralj
- Sezione di Oceanografia, Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale - OGS, via Auguste Piccard 54, 34151 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Grozdan Kušpilić
- Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Šetalište I. Meštrovića 63, 21000 Split, Croatia.
| | - Mauro Marini
- National Research Council, IRBIM, Largo Fiera della Pesca 2, 60125 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Frano Matić
- Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Šetalište I. Meštrovića 63, 21000 Split, Croatia.
| | - Josip Mikuš
- University of Dubrovnik, Department of Aquaculture, Ćira Carića 4, 20000 Dubrovnik, Croatia.
| | - Živana Ninčević-Gladan
- Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Šetalište I. Meštrovića 63, 21000 Split, Croatia.
| | - Marco Pansera
- National Research Council, Institute of Marine Sciences, Arsenale Tesa 104 Castello 2737/f, 30122 Venice, Italy.
| | - Marijana Pećarević
- University of Dubrovnik, Department of Aquaculture, Ćira Carića 4, 20000 Dubrovnik, Croatia.
| | - Robert Precali
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Center for Marine Research, G. Paliage 5, 52210 Rovinj, Croatia.
| | - Ivana Prusina
- University of Dubrovnik, Department of Aquaculture, Ćira Carića 4, 20000 Dubrovnik, Croatia.
| | - Federica Relitti
- Sezione di Oceanografia, Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale - OGS, via Auguste Piccard 54, 34151 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Angela Santucci
- National Research Council, CNR-IRBIM, via Pola 4, 71010 Lesina (FG), Italy; Hydrographic Institute of the Italian Navy, Passo dell'Osservatorio 4, 16134 Genova, Italy.
| | | | - Denis Škalic
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Center for Marine Research, G. Paliage 5, 52210 Rovinj, Croatia.
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Renzi M, Provenza F, Pignattelli S, Cilenti L, Specchiulli A, Pepi M. Mediterranean Coastal Lagoons: The Importance of Monitoring in Sediments the Biochemical Composition of Organic Matter. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:ijerph16183466. [PMID: 31540379 PMCID: PMC6765971 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16183466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Transitional water ecosystems are targeted by the European Union (EU) Water Framework Directive (WFD, CE 2000/60) monitoring programs in coastal zones. Concerning sediments, activities performed for the WFD focus on a few variables concerning the biochemical composition of organic matter. Our research reports the effects of oxygen availability on the biochemical composition of organic matter in sediments to highlight levels of targeted variables in time and, according to the depth of sediment layer, both under oxygenated and anoxic conditions in a mesocosm study on sediment cores. Results provide evidence that tested factors of interest (i.e., disturbance type, oxygenic versus anoxic conditions; persistence time of disturbance, 0-14 days; penetration through sedimentary layers, 0-10 cm depth) are able to significantly affect the biochemical composition of organic matter in sediments. Large part of the variables considered in this study (total organic carbon (TOC), total phosphorous (TP), total sulphur (TS), Fe, carbohydrates (CHO), total proteins (PRT), biopolymeric carbon (BPC), chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) are significantly affected and correlated to the oxygenation levels and could be good early indicators of important changes of environmental conditions. Monitoring activities performed under WFD guidelines and management strategies of Mediterranean coastal lagoon ecosystems shall include the biochemical composition of organic matter in sediment to provide an exhaustive picture of such dynamic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Renzi
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello (GR), Italy.
| | - Francesca Provenza
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello (GR), Italy.
| | - Sara Pignattelli
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia, 32, 58015 Orbetello (GR), Italy.
| | - Lucrezia Cilenti
- Department of Lesina (FG), National Research Council-Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies (IRBIM), Via Pola 4, 71010 Lesina, Italy.
| | - Antonietta Specchiulli
- Department of Lesina (FG), National Research Council-Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies (IRBIM), Via Pola 4, 71010 Lesina, Italy.
| | - Milva Pepi
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy.
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8
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Renzi M, Specchiulli A, Blašković A, Manzo C, Mancinelli G, Cilenti L. Marine litter in stomach content of small pelagic fishes from the Adriatic Sea: sardines (Sardina pilchardus) and anchovies (Engraulis encrasicolus). Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:2771-2781. [PMID: 30484055 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3762-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Marine litter impacts oceans and affects marine organisms, representing a potential threat for natural stocks of pelagic fish species located at the first levels of the marine food webs. In 2013-2014, on a seasonal basis, marine litter and microplastics in stomach contents from Sardinia pilchardus and Engraulis encrasicolus were evaluated. Selected species are plankitivores of great ecological and commercial importance in the Adriatic Sea. Collected data were correlated to possible factors able to affect ingested levels as well as species, season of sampling, biometry and sex of animals. Almost all tested samples (80 organisms for each species) contained marine litter (over 90% of samples from both species) and also microplastics; while any meso- or macroplastics were recorded. On average, recorded items were as follows: 4.63 (S. plichardus) and 1.25 (E. encrasicolus) per individual. Sardines evidenced a higher number of microplastics characterised by a smaller size than those recorded in anchovies. For sardines, sex, Gastro Somatic Index and sampling season showed negligible effects on the number of ingested litter; conversely, anchovies showed differences related with both sex of animals and dominant colour of ingested materials with prevalence for black and blue colours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monia Renzi
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia 32, 58015, Orbetello, Grosseto, Italy.
| | - Antonietta Specchiulli
- Department of Lesina (FG), National Research Council - Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies Marine Science, Via Pola 4, 71010, Lesina, Foggia, Italy
| | - Andrea Blašković
- Bioscience Research Center, Via Aurelia Vecchia 32, 58015, Orbetello, Grosseto, Italy
| | - Cristina Manzo
- Department of Lesina (FG), National Research Council - Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies Marine Science, Via Pola 4, 71010, Lesina, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mancinelli
- Department of Lesina (FG), National Research Council - Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies Marine Science, Via Pola 4, 71010, Lesina, Foggia, Italy
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of the Salento, Lecce, Italy
- CoNISMa, Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare, Piazzale Flaminio, 4, 00196, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Cilenti
- Department of Lesina (FG), National Research Council - Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnologies Marine Science, Via Pola 4, 71010, Lesina, Foggia, Italy
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Fabbrocini A, D'Adamo R, Del Prete F, Maurizio D, Specchiulli A, Oliveira LFJ, Silvestri F, Sansone G. The sperm motility pattern in ecotoxicological tests. The CRYO-Ecotest as a case study. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2016; 123:53-59. [PMID: 26318919 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Changes in environmental stressors inevitably lead to an increasing need for innovative and more flexible monitoring tools. The aim of this work has been the characterization of the motility pattern of the cryopreserved sea bream semen after exposure to a dumpsite leachate sample, for the identification of the best representative parameters to be used as endpoints in an ecotoxicological bioassay. Sperm motility has been evaluated either by visual and by computer-assisted analysis; parameters concerning motility on activation and those describing it in the times after activation (duration parameters) have been assessed, discerning them in terms of sensitivity, reliability and methodology of assessment by means of multivariate analyses. The EC50 values of the evaluated endpoints ranged between 2.3 and 4.5ml/L, except for the total motile percentage (aTM, 7.0ml/L), which proved to be the less sensitive among all the tested parameters. According to the multivariate analyses, a difference in sensitivity among "activation" endpoints in respect of "duration" ones can be inferred; on the contrary, endpoints seem to be equally informative either describing total motile sperm or the rapid sub-population, as well as the assessment methodology seems to be not discriminating. In conclusion, the CRYO-Ecotest is a multi-endpoint bioassay that can be considered a promising innovative ecotoxicological tool, characterized by a high plasticity, as its endpoints can be easy tailored each time according to the different needs of the environmental quality assessment programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele Fabbrocini
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze Marine, UOS Lesina (FG), Italy.
| | - Raffaele D'Adamo
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze Marine, UOS Lesina (FG), Italy
| | | | - Daniela Maurizio
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze Marine, UOS Lesina (FG), Italy
| | | | - Luis F J Oliveira
- Instituto Oceanográfico - USP, São Paulo, Brazil; The Capes Foundation - Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Fausto Silvestri
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi Federico II, Napoli, Italy; FIPERJ - Fundação Instituto de Pesca do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Centro Angra dos Reis (RJ), Brazil
| | - Giovanni Sansone
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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D'Adamo R, Specchiulli A, Cassin D, Botter M, Zonta R, Fabbrocini A. The effect of floods on sediment contamination in a microtidal coastal lagoon: the lagoon of Lesina, Italy. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 2014; 67:297-309. [PMID: 24862981 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-014-0037-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The effects on the microtidal lagoon of Lesina of runoff and the discharge of water and material from agricultural activities were investigated combining chemical analyses of pollutants [11 metals and 16 priority polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAHs)], determination of organic matter and grain size, and performance of innovative ecotoxicological tests. For metals, enrichment factors >3 for arsenic, nickel, and copper (Cu) were observed in the eastern zone of the lagoon, which is affected by nearby urban activities with discharge of water and domestic waste and by agricultural input with waters rich in fertilizers. Cu was correlated with no other metal, and its high concentrations (≤77 µg g(-1)) may result from the use of Cu-based fungicides in vineyards. Total PAHs (2,230 ± 3,150 ng g(-1)) displayed a wide range of concentrations with hot spots near freshwater inputs from the part of the catchment area exploited for wheat crops. Pyrolitic contamination also emerged, with higher-mass PAH congeners, such as asphalt, bitumen or coal, usually present in higher fractions as the dominant components. Ecotoxicological evaluations recorded moderate to high toxicity levels; the innovative MOT test bioassay showed good discriminatory ability because it identified a lagoon area whose inputs mainly depend on agricultural activities and which is impacted by metals rather than PAHs. Floods during periods of heavy rain and the discharge of water and material from agricultural activities may impact vulnerable systems, such as the lagoon of Lesina, where the presence of hot spots with remarkably high pollution values was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele D'Adamo
- Sect. of Lesina (FG), Institute of Marine Science, UOS of Lesina (FG), National Research Council, Via Pola, 4, 71010, Lesina, FG, Italy
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11
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Specchiulli A, Renzi M, Scirocco T, Cilenti L, Florio M, Breber P, Focardi S, Bastianoni S. Comparative study based on sediment characteristics and macrobenthic communities in two Italian lagoons. Environ Monit Assess 2010; 160:237-256. [PMID: 19096908 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-008-0691-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2008] [Accepted: 11/20/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to analyse sediment characteristics and macrobenthic assemblages in two very close Italian coastal lagoons (Lesina and Varano) and to assess the different behaviour between the two basins and the relationship between sediment matrix and benthic organisms within and between the two lagoons. The comparative study was performed in July 2007 at 13 sampling sites in Lesina lagoon and 15 sites in Varano basin for sediment grain size, total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and macrobenthic structure analyses. Both lagoons were generally dominated by fine-grained sediments (clay and silt components). The average contents of TOC and TN measured in Lesina was higher than in Varano (3.31% vs 2.52% for TOC and 5,200 microg.g(-1) vs 3,713 microg.g(-1) for TN); in contrast, the TP was lower (540 microg.g(-1) vs 620 microg.g(-1)). Based on macrobenthic community patterns, the central zone in Varano lagoon and the eastern area in Lesina lagoon were characterised by the lowest abundance (168.7 ind.m(-2) and 503.2 ind.m(-2), respectively) and by the lowest number of species, as highlighted by the diversity indices (Shannon-Wiener, H' range was 0.47-1.45 for Lesina and 0.00-1.68 for Varano; Margalef species richness, d range was 0.00-1.67 for Lesina lagoon and 0.00-2.38 for Varano basin). Ordination diagrams suggested an influence of marine and freshwater inputs on the sediment distribution in Varano lagoon and on macrobenthic assemblages in Lesina lagoon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Specchiulli
- Department of Lesina (FG), National Research Council-Institute of Marine Science, Via Pola 4, 71010, Lesina, FG, Italy.
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Renzi M, Perra G, Guerranti C, Mariottini M, Baroni D, Volterrani M, Graziosi M, Specchiulli A, Focardi S. Assessment of environmental pollutants in ten southern Italy harbor sediments. Toxicol Ind Health 2009; 25:351-63. [PMID: 19651808 DOI: 10.1177/0748233709104868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In 2003–2006, the distribution of macronutrients and pollutants of environmental interest was investigated in surficial sediments collected from 10 southern Italy harbors selected in four different regions. About 167 stations were sampled to determine levels of total organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorous, trace elements (Al, Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, Cu, Zn, Hg, As), short- and long-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons ( Hy C > 12 and Hy C < 12), and concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [PAHs], p-p-Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene ( 4,4′-DDE), and Hexachlorobenzene (HCB). General relationships between studied variables and harbors systems were explored by multivariate statistical approaches. Results show that wide fluctuations are reported for all variables both among harbors and inside each studied system. Principal components analysis suggests that major significance in explaining total average variability is due to lead, copper, zinc, silts, sands, and PAHs. No significance has been observed when testing nonmetric multidimensional scaling distributions relating with the factor “region,” while performing analyses on factor “main human activity,” a higher significance is observed. These results suggest a strong relationship between the main human use of marine systems and observed pollution levels in sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Renzi
- Research Centre in Lagoon Ecology, Fishery and Aquaculture (Ecolab), Polo Universitario Grossetano, Orbetello (GR), Italy; Department of Environmental Science, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - G Perra
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - C Guerranti
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - M Mariottini
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - D Baroni
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - M Volterrani
- Research Centre in Lagoon Ecology, Fishery and Aquaculture (Ecolab), Polo Universitario Grossetano, Orbetello (GR), Italy
| | - M Graziosi
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - A Specchiulli
- National Research Council – Institute of Marine Science, Department of Lesina (FG), Lesina (FG), Italy
| | - S Focardi
- Department of Chemical and Biosystems Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Focardi S, Specchiulli A, Spagnoli F, Fiesoletti F, Rossi C. A combinated approach to investigate the biochemistry and hydrography of a shallow bay in the south Adriatic Sea: the Gulf of Manfredonia (Italy). Environ Monit Assess 2009; 153:209-220. [PMID: 18663593 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-008-0350-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2007] [Accepted: 04/14/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The main goal of this study is to understand the hydrological and biochemical set up and processes of a marine coastal area located in the western side of the south Adriatic sea (the gulf of Manfredonia) by the use of both satellite images and in situ investigations A water sampling in the gulf of Manfredonia was performed at 18 fixed stations in June 2003; physico-chemical and biological parameters (temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and fluorescence) were measured along the water column and water samples were collected to analyse dissolved nutrients (ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate and silicate), total nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus), chlorophyll a and total suspended solids. Surface spatial distributions of field collected data were examined to characterize biochemical and hydrographic conditions of the Gulf of Manfredonia and these results were related with the remote sensing analysis data. Remote sensed data (obtained by Landsat 7 TM and Modis Terra) were processed to obtain maps of chlorophyll a, temperature and optical characteristics of the gulf; these maps were compared to in situ data. From physico-chemical measurements no stratification was observed in the water column except for the south-eastern area. High concentrations of silicate and ammonia were observed in the northern zone of the gulf, while nitrate, phosphate, chlorophyll a and total suspended solids distributions showed higher values in the central coastal zone. These results were confirmed by remote sensing analysis; Modis elaboration showed a distribution with higher concentrations of chlorophyll a near the coast and Landsat images highlighted the extension of the surrounding agricultural areas crossed by the two main rivers which discharge into the gulf. The integration between field data with the remote sensing analysis showed to be a valid support in coastal zone management.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Focardi
- Department of Chemical and Biosystems Sciences, University of Siena, via Aldo Moro 1, 53100 Siena, Italy.
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Specchiulli A, Focardi S, Renzi M, Scirocco T, Cilenti L, Breber P, Bastianoni S. Environmental heterogeneity patterns and assessment of trophic levels in two Mediterranean lagoons: Orbetello and Varano, Italy. Sci Total Environ 2008; 402:285-298. [PMID: 18550150 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2007] [Revised: 04/18/2008] [Accepted: 04/26/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The management of coastal lagoons is of particular interest due to their high economical importance. In spite of their great productivity, coastal lagoons are often impacted by human pressure which produces water eutrophication. The aim of this paper is to assess the trophic state of the two Mediterranean lagoons taking into account chemical-physical parameters, nutrient concentrations and biological parameters. Two Italian lagoons, Orbetello and Varano (respectively located in Tyrrhenian and Adriatic coast, Italy) were studied between May 2003 and April 2005. Both these systems receive treated urban outflows, agricultural effluents and rivers freshwater inputs. Field collected data showed that studied lagoons were characterized by different human and natural pressures. Orbetello showed the highest water eutrophication, highlighted by the trophic index values, while Varano showed lower eutrophication levels except for the summertime. The values of physical, chemical and biological parameters measured in Orbetello and Varano lagoons indicate that a wide spatial and seasonal gradient of the water characteristics was established during the study period, but in particular in winter. This gradient, typical of estuarine systems, was essentially due to the mixing of freshwater, seawater and anthropogenic inputs. Orbetello lagoon seemed much more affected by the urban impact and the fish-farming activities than Varano lagoon, but the latter showed a greater agriculture activities impact as showed by the remote sensing images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Specchiulli
- National Research Council-Institute of Marine Science, Department of Lesina (FG), Via Pola 4, 71010 Lesina (FG), Italy.
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