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Laseca N, Cánovas Á, Valera M, Id-Lahoucine S, Perdomo-González DI, Fonseca PAS, Demyda-Peyrás S, Molina A. Genomic screening of allelic and genotypic transmission ratio distortion in horse. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289066. [PMID: 37556504 PMCID: PMC10411798 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The phenomenon in which the expected Mendelian inheritance is altered is known as transmission ratio distortion (TRD). The TRD analysis relies on the study of the transmission of one of the two alleles from a heterozygous parent to the offspring. These distortions are due to biological mechanisms affecting gametogenesis, embryo development and/or postnatal viability, among others. In this study, TRD phenomenon was characterized in horses using SNP-by-SNP model by TRDscan v.2.0 software. A total of 1,041 Pura Raza Español breed horses were genotyped with 554,634 SNPs. Among them, 277 horses genotyped in trios (stallion-mare-offspring) were used to perform the TRD analysis. Our results revealed 140 and 42 SNPs with allelic and genotypic patterns, respectively. Among them, 63 displayed stallion-TRD and 41 exhibited mare-TRD, while 36 SNPs showed overall TRD. In addition, 42 SNPs exhibited heterosis pattern. Functional analyses revealed that the annotated genes located within the TRD regions identified were associated with biological processes and molecular functions related to spermatogenesis, oocyte division, embryonic development, and hormonal activity. A total of 10 functional candidate genes related to fertility were found. To our knowledge, this is the most extensive study performed to evaluate the presence of alleles and functional candidate genes with transmission ratio distortion affecting reproductive performance in the domestic horse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Laseca
- Department of Genetics, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ángela Cánovas
- Center of Genetic Improvement of Livestock, Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mercedes Valera
- Department of Agronomy, School of Agronomy Engineering, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Samir Id-Lahoucine
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, Scotland’s Rural College, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Antonio Molina
- Department of Genetics, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
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2
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Singh Y, Rani J, Kushwaha J, Priyadarsini M, Pandey KP, Sheth PN, Yadav SK, Mahesh MS, Dhoble AS. Scientific characterization methods for better utilization of cattle dung and urine: a concise review. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:274. [PMID: 37470864 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03691-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Cattle are usually raised for food, manure, leather, therapeutic, and draught purposes. Biowastes from cattle, such as dung and urine, harbor a diverse group of crucial compounds, metabolites/chemicals, and microorganisms that may benefit humans for agriculture, nutrition, therapeutics, industrial, and other utility products. Several bioactive compounds have been identified in cattle dung and urine, which possess unique properties and may vary based on agro-climatic zones and feeding practices. Therefore, cattle dung and urine have great significance, and a balanced nutritional diet may be a key to improved quality of these products/by-products. This review primarily focuses on the scientific aspects of biochemical and microbial characterization of cattle biowastes. Various methods including genomics for analyzing cattle dung and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy for cattle urine have been reviewed. The presented information might open doors for the further characterization of cattle resources for heterogeneous applications in the production of utility items and addressing research gaps. Methods for cattle's dung and urine characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashpal Singh
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, Varanasi, India
| | - Jyoti Rani
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, Varanasi, India
| | - Jeetesh Kushwaha
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, Varanasi, India
| | - Madhumita Priyadarsini
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, Varanasi, India
| | - Kailash Pati Pandey
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, Varanasi, India
| | - Pratik N Sheth
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sushil Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, 333031, Rajasthan, India
| | - M S Mahesh
- Livestock Farm Complex, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Mirzapur, 231001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishek S Dhoble
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, Varanasi, India.
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3
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The impact of regular sperm donation on bulls' seminal plasma hormonal profile and phantom response. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11116. [PMID: 34045555 PMCID: PMC8160321 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90630-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the concentration of hormones in the seminal plasma, the bull maintenance system in the insemination station, and the regularity of sperm donation and the response to the phantom (libido level). An additional goal was to determine whether there is a relationship between the hormonal profile in the blood, the sperm plasma, the oxidative and antioxidant profile in the blood of bulls and the biometry of their testicles and scrotum, as well as the quality of their sperm in both different seasons and intensities of reproductive use. For the study, 220 healthy and sexually mature Polish Holstein-Friesian bulls were used. They all had normal libido and were fed equally. The animals were grouped according to the scheme: young (16-20 month/n = 60) and old (26-30 month/n = 60) including: individually housed (n = 30) and group housed (n = 30) young, old individually housed (n = 30) and group housed (n = 30) (n total animals = 120); young animals donating semen once a week (every Thursday) (n = 25) and sporadically (once every two months on a random day of the week) (n = 25), old animals donating semen once a week (every Thursday) (n = 25 ) and sporadic donors (once every two months on a random day of the week) (n = 25) (n total animals = 100). When analyzing the results of this study, it should be stated that regular use has a positive effect on the secretion of sex hormones in bulls. Higher levels of testosterone and lower levels of estradiol and prostaglandins resulted in higher sexual performance, expressed by a stronger response to the phantom. The differences in favor of regular use were independent of the bull's age. The results of our research illustrate that the quality of semen and its freezing potential may depend on the season and frequency of its collection, as well as on the age of the males.
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4
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Characterization of the reproductive behaviour of the roan antelope (Hippotragus equinus). J ETHOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10164-020-00689-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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5
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Pluta K, Jones PRH, Drabińska N, Ratcliffe N, Carrington SD, Lonergan P, Evans ACO. The potential of volatile organic compound analysis in cervicovaginal mucus to predict estrus and ovulation in estrus-synchronized heifers. J Dairy Sci 2020; 104:1087-1098. [PMID: 33189280 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cervicovaginal mucus is a mixture of mucins, ions, salts, and water, the proportions of which change during the reproductive cycle. It is suspected that this mucus emits an important volatile signal indicative of the reproductive state of the female. The objective of this study was to identify volatile organic compounds (VOC) in bovine cervicovaginal mucus that are modulated during the estrous cycle and could potentially be used as biomarkers of estrus and ovulation. Cervicovaginal mucus was collected from crossbred beef heifers (n = 8), which were synchronized using an 8-d controlled internal drug release (CIDR) protocol and in which onset of estrus and time of ovulation were determined by visual observation and ultrasonography, respectively. Mucus samples were collected between 0 and 96 h after CIDR removal (estrus onset occurred at 49.1 ± 3.3 h after CIDR removal). A validation study was performed on an independent group of 15 heifers from which cervicovaginal mucus samples were collected every 8 h from 40 to 80 h after CIDR removal. The VOC in mucus were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and selected compounds were quantified using selected-ion flow-tube mass spectrometry. The presence of 47 VOC was detected in mucus samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with those exhibiting highest abundance including 2-butanone, acetone, 2-pentanone, 4-methyl-2-pentanone, 1-(1-methylethoxy)-2-propanone, ethanol, 2-methyl-2-propanol, and 2-butanol. All VOC peaked between 24 to 47 h after the onset of estrus (ovulation occurred 26.6 ± 5.6 h after estrus onset). Two VOC, 2-pentanone and 4-methyl-2-pentanone, exhibited a significant increase at the onset of estrus, whereas concentration of 2-butanone increased significantly just after estrus onset, indicating that these VOC may be used as putative biomarkers of estrus. The results of our study may contribute to the development of a sensor device based on VOC to aid the detection of estrus and ovulation in cattle, with particular relevance for the dairy industry where the majority of females are bred by artificial insemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Pluta
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Peter R H Jones
- Indigo Science Ltd., Ashley Down, Bristol, BS7 9JS, United Kingdom
| | - Natalia Drabińska
- Institute of Biosensor Technology, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Frenchay, Bristol, BS16 1QY, United Kingdom; Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, 10 Tuwima Str., 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Norman Ratcliffe
- Institute of Biosensor Technology, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Frenchay, Bristol, BS16 1QY, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen D Carrington
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Patrick Lonergan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Alexander C O Evans
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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Ramachandran R, Vinothkumar A, Sankarganesh D, Suriyakalaa U, Aathmanathan VS, Kamalakkannan S, Nithya V, Angayarkanni J, Archunan G, Akbarsha MA, Achiraman S. Detection of estrous biomarkers in the body exudates of Kangayam cattle (Bos indicus) from interplay of hormones and behavioral expressions. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2020; 72:106392. [PMID: 32105888 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2019.106392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Behavioral expressions and biochemical composition of body exudates are significantly altered in concert with the endocrine status, which are all clear indicators of physiological conditions of animals. In this study, we sought to infer about the reproductive physiological status of Kangayam cattle (Bos indicus) by analyzing behaviors, endocrine pattern, and body exudates and further to discover estrous biomarkers so as to facilitate timely artificial insemination/mating and to aid in aspects of conservation of the species. Therefore, in this study, we followed Kangayam cows through pre-estrous to post-estrous phases to correlate the endocrine dependence of biochemical constituents in urine and cervical mucus and sought to identify estrous biomarkers. Behavioral estrus was confirmed in 10 cows, from which urine samples were collected and subjected to determination of LH, FSH, estrogens, progesterone, proteins, and lipids. Furthermore, urinary fatty acids and proteins were profiled using gas chromatography and SDS-PAGE, respectively. The volatile compounds in the urine and cervical mucus were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The data revealed that LH, FSH, and estrogen levels increased significantly in estrous urine compared with nonestrous urine, whereas progesterone status was vice versa (P < 0.05). The lipid content was also significantly higher in estrous urine than in pre- and post-estrous urines (P < 0.05). There were also cyclical variations of volatiles and fatty acid profiles across phases of the estrous cycle. More acidic compounds were present in estrous urine, rendering it more acidic, than in pre- and post-estrous urines. Interestingly, oleic acid, which was present as a fatty acid in estrous and post-estrous urines, appeared to be a volatile in post-estrous urine and estrous cervical mucus. In addition, octanoic and butanoic acids were specific to both estrous urine and cervical mucus, indicating their possible candidature as estrous biomarkers. SDS-PAGE analysis showed pronounced expression of a 98 kDa protein in post-estrous urine, which in matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry was identified as albumin. Our results demonstrate multiple biomarkers in estrous urine and specific volatiles in cervical mucus that offer scope to develop viable estrus detection kits for Kangayam cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ramachandran
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620024, India; Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India
| | - A Vinothkumar
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620024, India
| | - D Sankarganesh
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio and Chemical Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu 626126, India
| | - U Suriyakalaa
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620024, India; Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India
| | - V S Aathmanathan
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620024, India
| | - S Kamalakkannan
- Department of Zoology, Bishop Heber College, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620017, India
| | - V Nithya
- Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu 630003, India
| | - J Angayarkanni
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India
| | - G Archunan
- Pheromone Technology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620024, India
| | - M A Akbarsha
- Research Co-ordinator, National College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamilnadu 620001, India
| | - S Achiraman
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, School of Environmental Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620024, India.
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7
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Wilson AE, Sparks DL, Knott KK, Willard S, Brown A. Simultaneous choice bioassays accompanied by physiological changes identify civetone and decanoic acid as pheromone candidates for giant pandas. Zoo Biol 2020; 39:176-185. [PMID: 31919913 DOI: 10.1002/zoo.21532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Chemicals present in urine are thought to play an important role in mate identification in the solitary giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca). During the breeding season, females will deposit chemical signals to advertise sexual receptivity to potential mates. The goal of this study was to determine if specific volatile compounds found in female urine could be considered as pheromones that elicit behavioral and physiological responses in males. Experimental simultaneous choice trials were conducted with captive male giant pandas (n = 3) housed at Memphis Zoo, San Diego Zoo, and Zoo Atlanta. Octanoic acid, 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde, decanoic acid, and civetone were selected as stimuli because previous studies reported their elevation in urine during the breeding season. Male interest was determined by a behavioral preference toward these volatile compounds diluted in synthetic urine compared with nontreated synthetic urine. Male urine samples were collected 1 week prior, during, and 1 week after the experimental period to assess changes in urinary semiochemical composition and urinary androgen concentrations. No significant differences in investigation response (p = .395) or flehmen response (p = .600) were found when stimuli were compared; however, decanoic acid and civetone elicited a behavioral preference over the control (response ratio > 0.5). The relative abundance of 16 compounds identified in male urine was significantly elevated (p < .05) above baseline values after the males were exposed to the stimuli. Androgen levels were significantly elevated (p < .05) in one male after exposure to 1H-pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde, decanoic acid, and civetone. These data suggested that civetone and decanoic acid in female urine may motivate sexual responses in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbey E Wilson
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi.,Department of Conservation and Research, Memphis Zoological Society, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Darrell L Sparks
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi.,Mississippi State Chemical Laboratory, Mississippi State University, Mississippi
| | - Katrina K Knott
- Resource Science Division, Missouri Department of Conservation, Aquatic Systems and Environmental Health Unit, Central Regional Office and Conservation Research Center, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Scott Willard
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi
| | - Ashli Brown
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi.,Mississippi State Chemical Laboratory, Mississippi State University, Mississippi
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8
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Mondal S, Bhakat M, Singh A, Mohanty TK, Abdullah M, Yadav SK, Kumar R. Effect of cattle-specific estrus molecules on libido and semen production of zebu bulls under tropical climate. Trop Anim Health Prod 2019; 51:1823-1827. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-019-01880-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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McGlone JJ, Garcia A, Rakhshandeh A. Multi-Farm Analyses Indicate a Novel Boar Pheromone Improves Sow Reproductive Performance. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9020037. [PMID: 30691189 PMCID: PMC6406401 DOI: 10.3390/ani9020037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pork production farms are more sustainable if the total number of pigs per batch is increased with a given sow herd size. Improving breeding and farrowing rates as well as litter size will increase farm output per sow. This field study examined the effect of application of a novel boar pheromone (BOARBETTER®; BB) containing three active molecules. Effects on sow reproductive efficiency were measured as breeding and farrowing rates, pigs born alive, stillborn and total numbers born. Farms applied BB in alternating weeks. Among records from nearly 4000 sows enrolled in the study, the use of BB increased the number of pigs born alive per litter and total pigs born per farrowing batch. BOARBETTER® is a cost effective and safe product that has the potential to meaningfully improve sow reproductive performance. Abstract The objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a novel 3-molecule boar pheromone (BOARBETTER®, BB,) to improve sow reproductive performance (breeding, conception, farrowing rates, pigs born alive, stillborn, mummies and total born). Data from 12 commercial farm sites were used to evaluate the effectiveness of BB. Each farm was used as the experimental unit in the meta-analyses. Individual sows records were collected, merged and analyzed in overall analyses. Relative to CON, BB increased the number of total born pigs per litter (13.81 ± 0.11 vs. 14.30 ± 0.11 pigs/litter, respectively; p < 0.01) and the number of pigs born alive (12.76 ± 0.14 vs. 13.13 ± 0.14 pigs/litter, respectively; p < 0.05). In the merged dataset analyses, the parity by treatment interaction was significant for total pigs and pigs born alive per litter (p < 0.01). In parities one through three, treatment with BB increased total pigs born by 0.88 per litter, and pigs born alive per litter by 0.73 pigs per litter (p < 0.05). However, BB had no effect on these parameters in sows from parities four through six. BOARBETTER® increased reproductive success, is cost effective, safe, and can meaningfully improve sow reproductive success and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J McGlone
- Laboratory of Animal Behavior, Physiology and Welfare, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
- Animal Biotech, Dallas, TX 75201, USA.
| | - Arlene Garcia
- Laboratory of Animal Behavior, Physiology and Welfare, Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
| | - Anoosh Rakhshandeh
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.
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10
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Nielsen BL, Jérôme N, Saint-Albin A, Joly F, Rabot S, Meunier N. Sexual responses of male rats to odours from female rats in oestrus are not affected by female germ-free status. Behav Brain Res 2018; 359:686-693. [PMID: 30261201 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Rats detect and use odorant molecules as a source of information about their environment. Some of these molecules come from conspecifics, and many arise as by-products from microbial activity. Thus, compared to conventionally housed rats, germ-free rats are raised in an environment with fewer odorants, but this reduction is rarely quantified. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we found that germ-free rat faeces samples contained half as many volatile molecules than conventional rat faeces (52 vs 109 (±2.4) molecules; P < 0.001) and overall these were only 12% as abundant. We then investigated if odours from female germ-free rats in oestrus would have pro-erectile effects in conventional male rats. For this aim, conventionally housed Brown Norway (BN) rats (n = 16) with sexual experience with either Fischer or BN females, were exposed to four different odour types: faeces from germ-free Fischer rat in oestrus, faeces from conventional rats in oestrus and di-oestrus (either from Fischer or BN), and a control (either 1-hexanol or male rat faeces). The number of penile erections per test as well as the duration of freezing behaviour was significantly higher with the oestrous odours (germ-free and conventional) compared to the control, with intermediate responses to the di-oestrous faeces. The findings indicate that, despite a significantly reduced composition in terms of volatiles compared to conventionally housed rats, the faeces of germ-free rats contain sufficient odorants to evoke sexual responses in conventional male rats. Oestrous odours of rats thus appear not to be of microbial origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birte L Nielsen
- MoSAR, Inra, AgroParisTech, Université Paris Saclay, 75005, Paris, France; NBO, Inra, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy en Josas, France.
| | - Nathalie Jérôme
- NBO, Inra, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy en Josas, France.
| | | | - Fatima Joly
- Micalis, Inra, AgroParisTech, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy en Josas, France.
| | - Sylvie Rabot
- Micalis, Inra, AgroParisTech, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy en Josas, France.
| | - Nicolas Meunier
- NBO, Inra, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy en Josas, France; Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin, 78000, Versailles, France; VIM, Inra, Université Paris Saclay, 78350, Jouy en Josas, France.
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11
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Heat shock protein(s) may serve as estrus indicators in animals: A conceptual hypothesis. Med Hypotheses 2018; 117:47-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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12
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Randi F, McDonald M, Duffy P, Kelly AK, Lonergan P. The relationship between external auditory canal temperature and onset of estrus and ovulation in beef heifers. Theriogenology 2018; 110:175-181. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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13
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Guillaume D, Moussu C, de Geoffroy F, Chesneau D, Keller M. Olfactory stimulation or inhibition of sexual behavior of stallions in non-breeding season. Physiol Behav 2017; 186:1-9. [PMID: 29287623 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Stallions show decreased sexual responses and activities during short days in winter. To evaluate the importance of sexual olfactory communication in horses, we tested whether sexual responses could be stimulated through various sexual olfactory stimulations in winter. To this end, we presented stallions with various olfactory stimulations (urine from mares at different stages of the reproductive cycle, urine from stallions or geldings, or chemically defined synthetic odorant) during the non-breeding season and measured their behavioral responses through (1) a test of olfactory investigation (olfactory investigation and flehmen behavior) and (2) a test of sexual activity in the context of semen collection for artificial insemination. It appears that the duration of olfactory investigation and flehmen behavior is longer after presentation of urine (stallion, gelding, anestrous, diestrous and estrous mare) than after presentation of water or synthetic odorant. By contrast, geldings showed reduced flehmen behavior that did not differ from that after water presentation. It is of interest that during the mounting test, mare estrous urine was associated with significantly reduced latency to ejaculation when spread in the nostril of the stallion, compared to anestrous mare urine or water. Anestrous mare urine seems to even inhibit stallion sexual motivation as measured through a longer latency to reach mounting and ejaculation. It appears therefore that during the season of sexual rest, stallion sexual motivation can be stimulated by mare estrous urine and inhibited by mare anestrous urine. These results also suggest that the physiological state of the mare influence the content of urinary chemosignals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Guillaume
- INRA, UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France; CNRS, UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France; Université François Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France; IFCE, Nouzilly, France.
| | - Chantal Moussu
- INRA, UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France; CNRS, UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France; Université François Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France; IFCE, Nouzilly, France
| | | | - Didier Chesneau
- INRA, UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France; CNRS, UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France; Université François Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France; IFCE, Nouzilly, France
| | - Matthieu Keller
- INRA, UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France; CNRS, UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France; Université François Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France; IFCE, Nouzilly, France
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14
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Mozūraitis R, Kutra J, Borg-Karlson AK, Būda V. Dynamics of putative sex pheromone components during heat periods in estrus-induced cows. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:7686-7695. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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15
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Mburu MM, Mweresa CK, Omusula P, Hiscox A, Takken W, Mukabana WR. 2-Butanone as a carbon dioxide mimic in attractant blends for the Afrotropical malaria mosquitoes Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus. Malar J 2017; 16:351. [PMID: 28836977 PMCID: PMC5571623 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-017-1998-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most odour baits designed to attract host-seeking mosquitoes contain carbon dioxide (CO2), which enhances trap catches, given its role as a mosquito flight activator. However, the use of CO2 is expensive and logistically demanding for prolonged area-wide use. Methods This study explored the possibility of replacing organically-produced CO2 with 2-butanone in odour blends targeting host-seeking malaria mosquitoes. During semi-field and field experiments MM-X traps were baited with a human odour mimic (MB5 blend) plus CO2 or 2-butanone at varying concentrations. Unbaited traps formed a control. The attraction of Anopheles gambiae s.s., Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles funestus to these differently baited traps was measured and mean catch sizes were compared to determine whether 2-butanone could form a viable replacement for CO2 for these target species. Results Under semi-field conditions significantly more female An. gambiae mosquitoes were attracted to a reference attractant blend (MB5 + CO2) compared to MB5 without CO2 (P < 0.001), CO2 alone (P < 0.001), or a trap without a bait (P < 0.001). Whereas MB5 + CO2 attracted significantly more mosquitoes than its variants containing MB5 plus different dilutions of 2-butanone (P = 0.001), the pure form (99.5%) and the 1.0% dilution of 2-butanone gave promising results. In the field mean indoor catches of wild female An. gambiae s.l. in traps containing MB5 + CO2 (5.07 ± 1.01) and MB5 + 99.5% 2-butanone (3.10 ± 0.65) did not differ significantly (P = 0.09). The mean indoor catches of wild female An. funestus attracted to traps containing MB5 + CO2 (3.87 ± 0.79) and MB5 + 99.5% 2-butanone (3.37 ± 0.70) were also similar (P = 0.635). Likewise, the mean outdoor catches of An. gambiae and An. funestus associated with MB5 + CO2 (1.63 ± 0.38 and 0.53 ± 0.17, respectively) and MB5 + 99.5% 2-butanone (1.33 ± 0.32 and 0.40 ± 0.14, respectively) were not significantly different (P = 0.544 and P = 0.533, respectively). Conclusion These results demonstrate that 2-butanone can serve as a good replacement for CO2 in synthetic blends of attractants designed to attract host-seeking An. gambiae s.l. and An. funestus mosquitoes. This development underscores the possibility of using odour-baited traps (OBTs) for monitoring and surveillance as well as control of malaria vectors and potentially other mosquito species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monicah M Mburu
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya.,Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Collins K Mweresa
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya.,School of Biological and Physical Sciences, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 210, Bondo, 40601, Kenya.,Science for Health, P.O. Box 44970, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya
| | - Philemon Omusula
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya.,International Centre for Aids Care and Treatment Program, Ministry of Health, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Teaching and Referral Hospital, P.O. Box 849, Kisumu, 50100, Kenya
| | - Alexandra Hiscox
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Willem Takken
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wolfgang R Mukabana
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya. .,School of Biological Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya. .,Science for Health, P.O. Box 44970, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya.
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Alhamada M, Debus N, González-García E, Bocquier F. Sexual behaviour in sheep is driven by body condition and the related nutritional and metabolic status. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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17
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Nielsen BL, Jerôme N, Saint-Albin A, Ouali C, Rochut S, Zins EL, Briant C, Guettier E, Reigner F, Couty I, Magistrini M, Rampin O. Oestrus odours from rats and mares: Behavioural responses of sexually naive and experienced rats to natural odours and odorants. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2016.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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18
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Nielsen BL, Jezierski T, Bolhuis JE, Amo L, Rosell F, Oostindjer M, Christensen JW, McKeegan D, Wells DL, Hepper P. Olfaction: An Overlooked Sensory Modality in Applied Ethology and Animal Welfare. Front Vet Sci 2015; 2:69. [PMID: 26664995 PMCID: PMC4672279 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2015.00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Birte L Nielsen
- INRA, UR1197 NeuroBiologie de l'Olfaction , Jouy-en-Josas , France
| | - Tadeusz Jezierski
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Science , Jastrzebiec , Poland
| | - J Elizabeth Bolhuis
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University , Wageningen , Netherlands
| | - Luisa Amo
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC , Madrid , Spain
| | - Frank Rosell
- Department of Environmental and Health Studies, Telemark University College , Bø , Norway
| | - Marije Oostindjer
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences , Ås , Norway
| | | | - Dorothy McKeegan
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow , Glasgow , UK
| | - Deborah L Wells
- School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast , Belfast , UK
| | - Peter Hepper
- School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast , Belfast , UK
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