1
|
Ghosh S, Biswas S, Mukherjee U, Karmakar S, Maitra S. Participation of follicular superoxides, inflammatory modulators, and endocrine factors in zebrafish (Danio rerio) ovulation: Cross-talk between PKA and MAPK signaling in Pgr regulation of ovulatory markers. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 585:112180. [PMID: 38342135 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
The ovulatory response involves diverse molecular determinants, the interplay between which remains less investigated in fish. This study explores the temporal changes in the follicular microenvironment, regulatory factors, and underlying signaling events during ovulation in female zebrafish subjected to 14L:10D at 28 ± 1 °C in vivo vis-à-vis in hCG-stimulated full-grown (FG) follicles in vitro. Congruent with reduced GSH levels, SOD, and GPx activity, a graded increase in follicular free radicals, Nox4, and p38 MAPK phosphorylation in the morning hour groups (05:00 and 06:30) correlates positively with the ovulatory surge in inflammatory mediators (Tnf-α, Il-1β, Il-6, Nos2, and Cox-2). Further, elevated Pgr expression and its nuclear translocation, congruent with follicular lhcgr, star, and hsd20b2 upregulation in vivo, corroborates well with the transcriptional activation of genes (pla2g4aa, ptgesl, ptger4b, mmp9, adamts9), triggering ovulation in this species. Mechanistically, an elevated ovulatory response in hCG-treated FG follicles in vitro involves the upregulation of inflammatory mediators, pgr and ovulation-associated genes in a manner sensitive to PKA- and MAPK3/1-mediated signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soumyajyoti Ghosh
- Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, 731235, India
| | - Subhasri Biswas
- Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, 731235, India
| | - Urmi Mukherjee
- Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, 731235, India
| | - Sampurna Karmakar
- Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, 731235, India
| | - Sudipta Maitra
- Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Visva-Bharati University, Santiniketan, 731235, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Moenter SM, Starrett JR. Estradiol action in the female hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis. J Neuroendocrinol 2024:e13390. [PMID: 38606585 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
It has now been about a century since a flurry of discoveries identified first the pituitary, then more specifically the anterior pituitary and soon thereafter the central nervous system as components regulating gonadal and downstream reproductive functions. This was an era of ablation/replacement designs using at first rudimentary and then increasingly pure preparations of gonadal and pituitary "activities" or transplanting actual glands, whole or homogenized, among subjects. There was, of course, controversy as is typical of lively and productive scientific debates to this day. The goals of this commentary are to briefly review the history of this work and how the terms referring to interactions among the components of the hypothalamo (as the central neural component was soon associated with)-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis evolved, and then to question if the current terms used have kept up with our understanding of the system. The focus in this review will be the actions of estradiol primarily upon the hypothalamus. Important actions of progesterone on the hypothalamus as well as both steroids on the pituitary response to hypothalamic factors are both acknowledged and largely ignored in this document, as are any sex differences as we focus on females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne M Moenter
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- The Reproductive Sciences Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - J Rudolph Starrett
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cohen-Rothschild N, Mizrahi N, Levavi-Sivan B. Characterization of a novel fast-growing zebrafish: a new approach to growth hormone transgenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1369043. [PMID: 38628583 PMCID: PMC11018968 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1369043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The manipulation of the somatotropic axis, governing growth, has been a focus of numerous transgenic approaches aimed at developing fast-growing fish for research, medicine and aquaculture purposes. However, the excessively high growth hormone (GH) levels in these transgenic fish often result in deformities that impact both fish health and consumer acceptance. In an effort to mitigate these issues and synchronize exogenous GH expression with reproductive processes, we employed a novel transgenic construct driven by a tilapia luteinizing hormone (LH) promoter. This approach was anticipated to induce more localized and lower exogenous GH secretion. In this study, we characterized the growth and reproduction of these transgenic LHp-GH zebrafish using hormonal and physiological parameters. Our findings reveal that LHp-GH fish exhibited accelerated growth in both length and weight, along with a lower feed conversion ratio, indicating more efficient feed utilization, all while maintaining unchanged body proportions. These fish demonstrated higher expression levels of LH and GH in the pituitary and elevated IGF-1 levels in the liver compared to wild-type fish. An examination of reproductive function in LHp-GH fish unveiled lower pituitary LH and FSH contents, smaller follicle diameter in female gonads, and reduced relative fecundity. However, in transgenic males, neither the distribution of spermatogenesis stages nor sperm concentrations differed significantly between the fish lines. These results suggest that coupling exogenous GH expression with endogenous LH expression in females directs resource investment toward somatic growth at the expense of reproductive processes. Consequently, we conclude that incorporating GH under the LH promoter represents a suitable construct for the genetic engineering of commercial fish species, providing accelerated growth while preserving body proportions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Berta Levavi-Sivan
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li Pomi A, Scalini P, De Masi S, Corica D, Pepe G, Wasniewska M, Stagi S. Screening for central precocious puberty by single basal Luteinizing Hormone levels. Endocrine 2024:10.1007/s12020-024-03781-9. [PMID: 38507183 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03781-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify cut-off for basal LH levels and for pelvic ultrasound uterine and ovarian parameters indicating an Hypotalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal (HPG) axis activation as diagnostic of Central Precocious Puberty (CPP). METHODS 248 girls referred for suspected precocious/early puberty who had undergone a GnRH stimulation test were enrolled and divided into three groups: Premature Idiopathic Thelarche (PIT), CPP, and Early Puberty (EA). For every patient basal serum Luteinising Hormone (LH) and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), basal LH/FSH ratio and pelvic ultrasonographic parameters were also collected. Through the use of Receiver Operating Curves (ROCs) the sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of basal LH, FSH, LH/FSH ratio and ultrasonographic parameters were evaluated at each level and Area Under the Curve (AUC) was measured. RESULTS Basal LH model ≥0.14 mIU/mL reached the highest predictability (90.6% and 78.2%, Se and Sp, respectively). Basal LH/FSH ratio ≥0.1 showed a sensitivity of 85.90% and a specificity of 78.14%, while basal FSH cut-off (≥2.36 mIU/mL) had the lowest predictability, with a less favourable sensitivity (71%) and specificity (70.5%). Cut-off point for uterine length as 35 mm, (83.5% and 42.9% of Se and Sp, respectively) was calculated. For ovarian volumes, ROC curves showed very low sensitivity and specificity. CONCLUSION A single basal LH measurement under the cut-off limit may be adequate to exclude an HPG axis activation as CPP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Li Pomi
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | | | - Domenico Corica
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Pediatric Unit "G. Martino" University Hospital, Messina, Italy
| | - Giorgia Pepe
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Pediatric Unit "G. Martino" University Hospital, Messina, Italy
| | - Malgorzata Wasniewska
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Pediatric Unit "G. Martino" University Hospital, Messina, Italy
| | - Stefano Stagi
- Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy.
- Health Sciences Department, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ozturk Öztürk DA, Erden Y, Tekin S. Central MOTS-c infusion affects reproductive hormones in obese and non-obese rats. Neurosci Lett 2024; 826:137722. [PMID: 38462167 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
MOTS-c, a mitochondrial-derived peptide, acts as a systemic hormone and MOTS-c level is inversely correlated with markers of obesity. Obesity is a risk factor for male reproductive physiology and is expressed as an important cause of infertility. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of MOTS-c, which has been proven in the hypothalamus and testicles, on the actors involved in the reproductive axis. In the study, 80 male Wistar-Albino rats were divided into two main groups, obese and non-obese (n = 40). Rats in the first main group were fed with fatty diet feed and obesity was induced. The second main group was fed with normal diet feed. Each main group was divided into 4 subgroups (Control, Sham, 10 and 100 µM MOTS-c). The lateral ventricles of the animals in the treatment groups were infused with 10 and 100 µM MOTS-c (solvent in Sham group) for 14 days. At the end of the experiment, hypothalamic Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) gene expression level, serum testosterone, Luteinizing hormone (LH) and Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were determined. MOTS-c infusion caused an increase in GnRH mRNA, protein expression levels and serum testosterone, LH and FSH levels in obese and non-obese rats (p < 0.05). MOTS-c administration more significantly upregulated hormone levels in non-obese rats (p < 0.05). MOTS-c administration increases these hormones, suggesting that MOTS-c may stimulate the reproductive axis. Our results reveal that MOTS-c plays a role in the central regulation of reproduction, as well as causes increased LH, FSH and testosterone release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yavuz Erden
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey.
| | - Suat Tekin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Castillo J, Quaas AM, Kol S. LH supplementation in IVF: human nature, politics, and elephants in the room. J Assist Reprod Genet 2024; 41:609-612. [PMID: 38246921 PMCID: PMC10957814 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-024-03033-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Luteinizing hormone (LH) is present throughout the natural follicular phase. However, the debate is still not settled on whether LH is needed during ovarian stimulation in IVF. This commentary looks at the evolution of this debate, mentioning three elephants in the room that were ignored by the Pharma industry, professional organizations, and clinicians alike: 1. The different endocrinology between the long agonist and the antagonist protocols. 2. The fixed dose of the two most widely commercially available antagonist preparations, namely cetrorelix and ganirelix. 3. The fact that most research in this area uses population-based criteria, ignoring endocrine parameters. Individual genetics of the LH receptor gene may also serve to individualize LH needs during stimulation; however, the jury is still out regarding this approach. CONCLUSIONS: Individual endocrine and genetics parameters may shed meaningful light on the question of LH supplemental during ovarian stimulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Castillo
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Instituto Bernabeu, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Shahar Kol
- IVF unit, Elisha Hospital, 12 Yair Katz Street, Haifa, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Holt R, Yahyavi SK, Kooij I, Poulsen NN, Juul A, Jørgensen N, Blomberg Jensen M. Effects of vitamin D on sex steroids, luteinizing hormone, and testosterone to luteinizing hormone ratio in 307 infertile men. Andrology 2024; 12:553-560. [PMID: 37555466 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vitamin D status has been associated with sex steroid production. The question is whether vitamin D supplementation has an impact on sex steroid production in infertile men with vitamin D insufficiency? DESIGN A single-center, double-blinded, randomized clinical trial. Differences in sex steroids and reproductive hormones were predefined secondary outcomes, vitamin D status at baseline was a predefined subgroup and the primary outcome was differences in semen quality. METHODS A total of 307 infertile men were included and randomized 1:1 to active or placebo treatment for 150 days. Men in the active group initially received an oral bolus of 300,000 IU cholecalciferol, followed by daily supplementation with 1400 IU cholecalciferol and 500 mg calcium. RESULTS After intervention, no differences were found in serum concentrations of sex steroids, luteinizing hormone, testosterone/luteinizing hormone ratio or SHBG between the vitamin D and placebo group. However, in a predefined subgroup analysis of men with serum 25OHD ≤ 50 nmol/L, men treated with vitamin D had a significantly higher testosterone/luteinizing hormone ratio [4.2 (3.8-4.4) vs. 3.7 (3.4-4.0); p = 0.033] compared with placebo treatment. In men with vitamin D deficiency, the difference between groups was larger but not significant due to few men with serum 25OHD < 25 nmol/L. CONCLUSION Vitamin D + calcium supplementation did not alter sex steroid production in infertile men. However, vitamin D insufficient men treated with vitamin D supplementation had a significantly higher testosterone/LH ratio compared with placebo-treated men, suggesting that optimal Leydig cell function are dependent on adequate vitamin D status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rune Holt
- Group of Skeletal, Mineral and Gonadal Endocrinology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Division of Translational Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sam Kafai Yahyavi
- Group of Skeletal, Mineral and Gonadal Endocrinology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Division of Translational Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ireen Kooij
- Group of Skeletal, Mineral and Gonadal Endocrinology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Division of Translational Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nadia Nicholine Poulsen
- Group of Skeletal, Mineral and Gonadal Endocrinology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Division of Translational Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Jørgensen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Blomberg Jensen
- Group of Skeletal, Mineral and Gonadal Endocrinology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Division of Translational Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Paparella R, Ferraguti G, Fiore M, Menghi M, Micangeli G, Tarani F, Ligotino A, Messina MP, Ceccanti M, Minni A, Barbato C, Lucarelli M, Tarani L, Petrella C. Serum Lipocalin-2 Levels as a Biomarker in Pre- and Post-Pubertal Klinefelter Syndrome Patients: A Pilot Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2214. [PMID: 38396890 PMCID: PMC10889401 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is a male genetic disease caused by the presence of an extra X chromosome, causing endocrine disorders mainly responsible for a high rate of infertility and metabolic disorders in adulthood. Scientific research is interested in identifying new biomarkers that can be predictive or prognostic of alterations strictly connected to KS. Lipocalin-2 (LCN-2, also known as NGAL) is a small protein initially identified within neutrophils as a protein related to innate immunity. Serum LCN-2 estimation seems to be a useful tool in predicting the metabolic complications caused by several pathological conditions. However, little is known about its potential role in infertility conditions. The present pilot study aims to investigate the presence of LCN-2 in the serum of a group of pre-pubertal and post-pubertal children affected by KS, compared to healthy controls. We demonstrated for the first time the presence of elevated levels of LCN-2 in the serum of KS patients, compared to controls. This increase was accompanied, in pre-pubertal KS patients, by the loss of correlation with LH and HDL, which instead was present in the healthy individuals. Moreover, in all KS individuals, a positive correlation between LCN-2 and inhibin B serum concentration was found. Despite the limited size of the sample analyzed, our preliminary data encourage further studies to confirm the findings and to extend the study to KS adult patients, to verify the predictive/prognostic value of LCN-2 as new biomarker for metabolic diseases and infertility associated with the pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Paparella
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.P.); (M.M.); (G.M.); (F.T.); (M.P.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Giampiero Ferraguti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.F.); (M.L.)
| | - Marco Fiore
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC-CNR), Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Roma, Italy; (M.F.); (C.B.)
| | - Michela Menghi
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.P.); (M.M.); (G.M.); (F.T.); (M.P.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Ginevra Micangeli
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.P.); (M.M.); (G.M.); (F.T.); (M.P.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Francesca Tarani
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.P.); (M.M.); (G.M.); (F.T.); (M.P.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Aurora Ligotino
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.P.); (M.M.); (G.M.); (F.T.); (M.P.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Marisa Patrizia Messina
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.P.); (M.M.); (G.M.); (F.T.); (M.P.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Mauro Ceccanti
- SITAC, Società Italiana per il Trattamento Dell’alcolismo e le sue Complicanze, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Antonio Minni
- Department of Sensory Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Roma, Italy;
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, San Camillo de Lellis Hospital, ASL Rieti-Sapienza University, 02100 Rieti, Italy
| | - Christian Barbato
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC-CNR), Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Roma, Italy; (M.F.); (C.B.)
| | - Marco Lucarelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (G.F.); (M.L.)
- Pasteur Institute Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Luigi Tarani
- Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (R.P.); (M.M.); (G.M.); (F.T.); (M.P.M.); (L.T.)
| | - Carla Petrella
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC-CNR), Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Roma, Italy; (M.F.); (C.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nagy AM, Abdelhameed MF, Elkarim ASA, Sarker TC, Abd-ElGawad AM, Elshamy AI, Hammam AM. Enhancement of Female Rat Fertility via Ethanolic Extract from Nigella sativa L. (Black Cumin) Seeds Assessed via HPLC-ESI-MS/MS and Molecular Docking. Molecules 2024; 29:735. [PMID: 38338478 PMCID: PMC10856701 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The characteristic chemical composition of Nigella seeds is directly linked to their beneficial properties. This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition of Nigella sativa seeds using a 100% ethanolic extract using HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Additionally, it explored the potential biological effects of the extract on female rat reproduction. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Estrogen (E2), and Progesterone (P4) hormone levels were also assessed, along with the morphological and histological effects of the extract on ovarian, oviductal, and uterine tissues. Molecular docking was performed to understand the extract's activity and its role in regulating female reproduction by assessing its binding affinity to hormonal receptors. Twenty metabolites, including alkaloids, saponins, terpenes, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and fatty acids, were found in the ethanolic extract of N. sativa seeds through the HPLC-ESI-MS/MS study. The N. sativa seed extract exhibited strong estrogenic and LH-like activities (p < 0.05) with weak FSH-like activity. Furthermore, it increased the serum levels of LH (p < 0.05), P4 hormones (p < 0.001), and E2 (p < 0.0001). Molecular docking results displayed a strong interaction with Erβ, LH, GnRH, and P4 receptors, respectively. Based on these findings, N. sativa seeds demonstrated hormone-like activities, suggesting their potential as a treatment for improving female fertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Nagy
- Department of Animal Reproduction & AI, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Center, Cairo 12622, Egypt;
| | | | - Asmaa S. Abd Elkarim
- Chemistry of Tanning Materials and Leather Technology Department, National Research Center, Cairo 12622, Egypt;
| | | | - Ahmed M. Abd-ElGawad
- Plant Production Department, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdelsamed I. Elshamy
- Department of Natural Compounds Chemistry, National Research Center, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Abdelmohsen M. Hammam
- Department of Animal Reproduction & AI, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Center, Cairo 12622, Egypt;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Omar SM, Zahran NN, Alhotan RA, Hussein EO, Galik B, Saleh AA. Evaluation of Salvia hispanica as a Therapeutic Agent against Sodium Arsenic-Induced Testicular Toxicity in a Male Rats Model. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:109. [PMID: 38255724 PMCID: PMC10817305 DOI: 10.3390/life14010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Chia seeds offer therapeutic properties that aid in the prevention of a variety of ailments, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and other risk factors. Arsenite, a common environmental chemical, has been identified as a reproductive toxin owing to its negative effects on male reproductive health. It has been shown to inhibit spermatogenesis and generate androgenic effects in men. The primary goal of this research was to look into the effect of Salvia hispanica on testicular toxicity caused by sodium arsenite in male rats. A set of 36 male albino rats was allocated to a negative control cohort. The individuals in this group were given a basic meal and orally given distilled water for a duration of 28 days. The other five groups were given a regular meal and received intra-peritoneal injections of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) at a concentration of 4 mg/kg body weight that was diluted in a 0.9% NaCl solution. The injections were administered consecutively, with two doses given within a two-day period. Subsequently, the rats were categorized into several groups using the following classification: Group 2 consisted of a positive control cohort, in which the rats were given a typical baseline diet. Groups 3, 4, 5, and 6 were given a basic diet that included varying proportions of ground chia seeds, namely 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% per 100 g of the diet. After the trial was completed, the rats were euthanized, and further biological examination was conducted. The measurements of the reproductive organs were documented and reported. The research assessed the following characteristics: sperm count, motility, progressive motility, and normal morphology. The research included examining serum sex hormones, namely luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone. An evaluation of the activity of antioxidant enzymes was performed in the tissue of the testicles. There were statistically significant improvements in the sperm parameters, serum sex hormone levels, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as GPX, SOD, and CAT, in the therapy groups. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) exhibited a noteworthy decrease (p ≤ 0.05) when compared to the positive control group. Salvia hispanica seeds have demonstrated a significant level of effectiveness in reducing sodium arsenite-induced testicular toxicity, which leads to the conclusion. The flavonoid content and antioxidant properties of Salvia hispanica seeds may be to blame for the observed behavior. These indicated characteristics may have therapeutic significance in treating testicular harm induced by arsenite exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mahmoud Omar
- Nutrition and Food Science Department, Faculty of Home Economics, AL-Azhar University, Tanta 31732, Egypt;
| | - Nasser Nesim Zahran
- Department of Therapeutic Nutrition, Menoufia University Hospitals, Shebin El-Kom 11352, Egypt;
| | - Rashed A. Alhotan
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.A.); (E.O.H.)
| | - Elsayed Osman Hussein
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.A.); (E.O.H.)
| | - Branislav Galik
- Institute of Nutrition and Genomics, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Slovakia. Trieda A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovakia;
| | - Ahmed Ali Saleh
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 333516, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yu J, Li XF, Tsaneva-Atanasova K, Zavala E, O’Byrne KT. Chemogenetic activation of PVN CRH neurons disrupts the estrous cycle and LH dynamics in female mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1322662. [PMID: 38264285 PMCID: PMC10803550 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1322662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The impact of stress on reproductive function is significant. Hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) plays a major role in regulating the stress response. Understanding how the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis interact is crucial for comprehending how stress can lead to reproductive dysfunction. However, whether stress influences reproductive function via modulating PVN CRH or HPA sequelae is not fully elucidated. Methods In this study, we investigated the impact of chemogenetic activation of PVN CRH neurons on reproductive function. We chronically and selectively stimulated PVN CRH neurons in female CRH-Cre mice using excitatory designer receptor exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) viral constructs, which were bilaterally injected into the PVN. The agonist compound-21 (C21) was delivered through the drinking water. We determined the effects of DREADDs activation of PVN CRH neurons on the estrous cycles, LH pulse frequency in diestrus and metestrus and LH surge in proestrus mice. The effect of long-term C21 administration on basal corticosterone secretion and the response to acute restraint stress during metestrus was also examined. Additionally, computer simulations of a mathematical model were used to determine the effects of DREADDs activation of PVN CRH neurons, simulating chronic stress, on the physiological parameters examined experimentally. Results As a result, and consistent with our mathematical model predictions, the length of the estrous cycle was extended, with an increase in the time spent in estrus and metestrus, and a decrease in proestrus and diestrus. Additionally, the frequency of LH pulses during metestrus was decreased, but unaffected during diestrus. The occurrence of the preovulatory LH surge during proestrus was disrupted. The basal level of corticosterone during metestrus was not affected, but the response to acute restraint stress was diminished after long-term C21 application. Discussion These data suggest that PVN CRH neurons play a functional role in disrupting ovarian cyclicity and the preovulatory LH surge, and that the activity of the GnRH pulse generator remains relatively robust during diestrus but not during metestrus under chronic stress exposure in accordance with our mathematical model predictions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junru Yu
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xiao-Feng Li
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Krasimira Tsaneva-Atanasova
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
- Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Eder Zavala
- Centre for Systems Modelling and Quantitative Biomedicine, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin T. O’Byrne
- Department of Women and Children’s Health, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Santoro N, Kuhn K, Pretzel S, Schauer IE, Fought A, D’Alessandro A, Stephenson D, Bradford AP. A high-fat eucaloric diet induces reprometabolic syndrome of obesity in normal weight women. PNAS Nexus 2024; 3:pgad440. [PMID: 38178979 PMCID: PMC10766410 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
We examined the effects of 1 month of a eucaloric, high-fat (48% of calories) diet (HFD) on gonadotropin secretion in normal-weight women to interrogate the role of free fatty acids and insulin in mediating the relative hypogonadotropic hypogonadism of obesity. Eighteen eumenorrheic women (body mass index [BMI] 18-25 kg/m2) were studied in the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle before and after exposure to an HFD with frequent blood sampling for luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), followed by an assessment of pituitary sensitivity to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Mass spectrometry-based plasma metabolomic analysis was also performed. Paired testing and time-series analysis were performed as appropriate. Mean endogenous LH (unstimulated) was significantly decreased after the HFD (4.3 ± 1.0 vs. 3.8 ± 1.0, P < 0.01); mean unstimulated FSH was not changed. Both LH (10.1 ± 1.0 vs. 7.2 ± 1.0, P < 0.01) and FSH (9.5 ± 1.0 vs. 8.8 ± 1.0, P < 0.01) responses to 75 ng/kg of GnRH were reduced after the HFD. Mean LH pulse amplitude and LH interpulse interval were unaffected by the dietary exposure. Eucaloric HFD exposure did not cause weight change. Plasma metabolomics confirmed adherence with elevation of fasting free fatty acids (especially long-chain mono-, poly-, and highly unsaturated fatty acids) by the last day of the HFD. One-month exposure to an HFD successfully induced key reproductive and metabolic features of reprometabolic syndrome in normal-weight women. These data suggest that dietary factors may underlie the gonadotrope compromise seen in obesity-related subfertility and therapeutic dietary interventions, independent of weight loss, may be possible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nanette Santoro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Katherine Kuhn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Shannon Pretzel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Irene E Schauer
- Department of Medicine, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Angela Fought
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Angelo D’Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Daniel Stephenson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Andrew P Bradford
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Micas Pedersen S, Feltoft CL, Nielsen TH, de Nully Brown P, Gang AO, Pedersen LM, Jørgensen N. Men treated with BEACOPP for Hodgkin lymphoma may be at increased risk of testosterone deficiency. Ann Hematol 2024; 103:227-239. [PMID: 37870576 PMCID: PMC10761514 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05512-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, we report the prevalence of male testosterone deficiency in a cohort of 60 male long-term survivors of malignant lymphoma with normal total testosterone but in the lower part of the reference level. Testosterone deficiency was defined as subnormal concentrations of total testosterone or subnormal concentrations of calculated free testosterone. The aim was to clarify whether total testosterone was sufficient for identification of testosterone deficiency in male survivors of malignant lymphoma. Hormonal analyses taken at follow-up were compared with samples taken at diagnosis for a subgroup of 20 survivors, for evaluation of changes in hormones over time. Another group of 83 similar survivors of malignant lymphoma with testosterone in the high end of reference levels were also used for comparison, to identify groups of increased risk of testosterone deficiency. A total group of 143 survivors were therefore included in the study. Our findings indicate that for screening purposes an initial total testosterone is sufficient in some survivors because sexual hormone binding globulin concentration was found stable over time. However, 15% were found with subnormal calculated free testosterone. Survivors intensely treated for Hodgkin lymphoma and older survivors were identified as high-risk groups for testosterone deficiency necessitating endocrinological attention during follow-up. Some evidence of pituitary downregulation was also found, because of uncompensated decreases in testosterone concentration over time. In conclusion, longitudinal measurements of total testosterone alone do not seem adequate for the screening of testosterone deficiency for all long-term lymphoma survivors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Signe Micas Pedersen
- Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 KBH Ø, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Claus Larsen Feltoft
- Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Herlev and Gentofte, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Torsten Holm Nielsen
- Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 KBH Ø, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Danish Medicines Agency, Axel Heides Gade 1, 2300 KBH S, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter de Nully Brown
- Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 KBH Ø, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Ortved Gang
- Department of Hematology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 KBH Ø, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 KBH N, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Møller Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 KBH N, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Vestermarksvej 15, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Niels Jørgensen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 KBH Ø, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jamshidi Z, Karami M, Khalili M, Roghani M. Protective Effect of Baclofen on Ovarian Cystogenesis and Morphine-Induced Lipid Profile Change in Female Rats. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2024; 28:43-46. [PMID: 38533288 PMCID: PMC10962766 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_364_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Morphine induces ovarian cysts that cause obesity and disrupt sex hormone secretion. Baclofen, a gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor agonist, can help regulate sex hormones and reduce harmful blood lipids by protecting against morphine-induced gamma-aminobutyric acid inhibition. We investigated the prophylactic effect of baclofen in rats receiving morphine by comparing with the untreated groups. Materials and Methods Forty eight female Wistar rats were randomly divided into several groups, including control (saline 1 mL/kg, i.p.), morphine (5 mg/kg, i.p.), baclofen (10, 20, and 30 mg/kg, i.p.), and baclofen (10, 20, and 30 mg/kg) before morphine (5 mg/kg). Twenty four hours after the treatment, blood and serum samples were taken to check the levels of gonadotropins (LH & FSH) and lipid profile. The ovaries and uterus were also studied, and a proinflammatory nitric oxide (NO) diagnostic test was completed. The results were analyzed using analysis of variance (α = 0.05). Results In comparison with the control group, the levels of LH and not FSH decreased in the morphine group and the number of ovarian cysts was more in the morphine group. These problems were not observed in the group of baclofen alone and baclofen + morphine. However, the triglyceride level increased slightly in the baclofen 30 mg/kg + morphine group. But the LDL level somewhat decreased. The proinflammatory NO system did not show significant activation in the ovary and uterus, except for the baclofen 10 mg/kg + baclofen group. Conclusion Morphine can cause ovarian cysts by lowering LH but baclofen prophylaxis can protect reproductive properties by adapting major metabolic changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohsen Khalili
- Department of Physiology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Choi Y, Lee O, Ryu K, Roh J. Luteinizing Hormone Surge-Induced Krüppel-like Factor 4 Inhibits Cyp17A1 Expression in Preovulatory Granulosa Cells. Biomedicines 2023; 12:71. [PMID: 38255178 PMCID: PMC10813437 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated a dramatic up-regulation of Krüppel-like factor 4 (Klf4) in rat preovulatory granulosa cells (GCs) after LH/hCG treatment and its role in regulating Cyp19A1 expression during the luteal shift in steroidogenesis. In this study, we examined whether Klf4 also mediates the LH-induced repression of Cyp17A1 expression in primary rat preovulatory GCs. In response to LH treatment of GCs in vitro, Cyp17A1 expression declined to less than half of its initial value by 1 h, remaining low for 24 h of culture. Overexpression of Klf4 decreased basal and Sf1-induced Cyp17A1 expressions and increased progesterone secretion. Reduction of endogenous Klf4 by siRNA elevated basal Cyp17A1 expression but did not affect LH-stimulated progesterone production. Overexpression of Klf4 also significantly attenuated Sf1-induced Cyp17A1 promoter activity. On the other hand, mutation of the conserved Sp1/Klf binding motif in the promoter revealed that this motif is not required for Klf4-mediated repression. Taken together, these data indicate that the Cyp17A1 gene may be one of the downstream targets of Klf4, which is induced by LH in preovulatory GCs. This information may help in identifying potential targets for preventing the molecular changes occurring in hyperandrogenic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Choi
- Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (Y.C.); (O.L.)
| | - Okto Lee
- Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (Y.C.); (O.L.)
| | - Kiyoung Ryu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Guri-si 11923, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jaesook Roh
- Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; (Y.C.); (O.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Szymanska K, Rytelewska E, Zaobidna E, Kiezun M, Gudelska M, Kopij G, Dobrzyn K, Mlyczynska E, Kurowska P, Kaminska B, Nynca A, Smolinska N, Rak A, Kaminski T. The Effect of Visfatin on the Functioning of the Porcine Pituitary Gland: An In Vitro Study. Cells 2023; 12:2835. [PMID: 38132154 PMCID: PMC10742260 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Visfatin (VIS), also known as nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), is the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Recently, VIS has been also recognized as an adipokine. Our previous study revealed that VIS is produced in the anterior and posterior lobes of the porcine pituitary. Moreover, the expression and secretion of VIS are dependent on the phase of the estrous cycle and/or the stage of early pregnancy. Based on this, we hypothesized that VIS may regulate porcine pituitary function. This study was conducted on anterior pituitary (AP) glands harvested from pigs during specific phases of the estrous cycle. We have shown the modulatory effect of VIS in vitro on LH and FSH secretion by porcine AP cells (determined by ELISA). VIS was also found to stimulate cell proliferation (determined by Alamar Blue) without affecting apoptosis in these cells (determined using flow cytometry technique). Moreover, it was indicated that VIS may act in porcine AP cells through the INSR, AKT/PI3K, MAPK/ERK1/2, and AMPK signaling pathways (determined by ELISA or Western Blot). This observation was further supported by the finding that simultaneous treatment of cells with VIS and inhibitors of these pathways abolished the observed VIS impact on LH and FSH secretion (determined by ELISA). In addition, our research indicated that VIS affected the mentioned processes in a manner that was dependent on the dose of VIS and/or the phase of the estrous cycle. Thus, these findings suggest that VIS may regulate the functioning of the porcine pituitary gland during the estrous cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Szymanska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (E.R.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (B.K.); (A.N.); (N.S.)
| | - Edyta Rytelewska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (E.R.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (B.K.); (A.N.); (N.S.)
| | - Ewa Zaobidna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Marta Kiezun
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (E.R.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (B.K.); (A.N.); (N.S.)
| | - Marlena Gudelska
- Department of Human Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz Kopij
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (E.R.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (B.K.); (A.N.); (N.S.)
| | - Kamil Dobrzyn
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Ewa Mlyczynska
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (E.M.); (P.K.); (A.R.)
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Patrycja Kurowska
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (E.M.); (P.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Barbara Kaminska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (E.R.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (B.K.); (A.N.); (N.S.)
| | - Anna Nynca
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (E.R.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (B.K.); (A.N.); (N.S.)
| | - Nina Smolinska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (E.R.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (B.K.); (A.N.); (N.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Rak
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (E.M.); (P.K.); (A.R.)
| | - Tadeusz Kaminski
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland; (K.S.); (E.R.); (M.K.); (G.K.); (B.K.); (A.N.); (N.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Rachman RI, Nurullah G, Atmoko W, Rasyid N, Cho SY, Birowo P. Clinical parameters as predictors for sperm retrieval success in azoospermia: experience from Indonesia. F1000Res 2023; 12:1567. [PMID: 38434641 PMCID: PMC10905114 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.141969.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Azoospermia is the most severe type of male infertility. This study aimed to identify useful clinical parameters to predict sperm retrieval success. This could assist clinicians in accurately diagnosing and treating patients based on the individual clinical parameters of patients. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed involving 517 patients with azoospermia who underwent sperm retrieval in Jakarta, Indonesia, between January 2010 and April 2023. Clinical evaluation and scrotal ultrasound, serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone levels were evaluated before surgery. Multivariate analyses were conducted to determine clinical parameters that could predict overall sperm retrieval success. Further subgroup analysis was performed to determine the factors that the diagnosis of non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) diagnosis and sperm retrieval success among patients with NOA. Results A total of 2,987 infertile men attended our clinic. Men with azoospermia (n=517) who met the inclusion criteria and did not fulfil any exclusion criteria were included in the study. The overall sperm retrieval success was 47.58%. Logistic regression revealed that FSH 7.76 mIU/mL (sensitivity: 60.1%, specificity: 63.3%, p<0.001); longest testicular axis length 3.89 cm (sensitivity: 33.6%, specificity: 41.6%); and varicocele (p<0.001) were independent factors for overall sperm retrieval. The FSH cutoff of 7.45 mIU/mL (sensitivity: 31.3%, specificity: 37.7%, p<0,001); longest testicular axis length 3.85 cm (sensitivity: 76.7%, specificity: 65.4%, p<0.001); and varicocele (p<0.001) were independent factors for NOA diagnosis. Varicocele was the only clinical parameter that significantly predicted the success of sperm retrieval in patients with NOA. Conclusions FSH, LH, longest testicular axis, and varicocele are among the clinical parameters that are useful for predicting overall sperm retrieval success and NOA diagnosis. However, varicocele is the only clinical parameter that significantly predicts sperm retrieval success in patients with NOA. High-quality studies are required to assess the other predictors of sperm retrieval success.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rinaldo Indra Rachman
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Ghifari Nurullah
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Widi Atmoko
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Nur Rasyid
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 10430, Indonesia
| | - Sung Yong Cho
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ponco Birowo
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 10430, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Klusmann H, Eisenlohr-Moul T, Baresich K, Schmalenberger KM, Girdler S, Andersen E. Analyzing the atypical - Methods for studying the menstrual cycle in adolescents. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2023; 158:106389. [PMID: 37769538 PMCID: PMC10843271 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The female pubertal transition is characterized by a rapidly changing hormone milieu, which is heavily influenced by the first menstrual cycle - menarche. The first year following menarche is associated with menstrual cycles that are irregular and anovulatory. Peripuberty also marks the beginning of a female-biased risk for suicidality and depression, suggesting some influence by the menstrual cycle and ovarian hormone fluctuations. However, there are limited methods and guidelines for studying the menstrual cycle and related affective symptoms in this developmental window. Thus, this study's objective was to identify the most accurate methods for detecting ovulation in irregular cycles (Part 1) and develop guidelines based on these methods for determining menstrual cycle phases. These methods were applied to investigate hormones and affective symptoms based on cycle phase and ovulation status in a sample of peripubertal females (Part 2). METHODS Thirty-two peripubertal females (ages 11-14) provided daily urine samples of estrogen (E1G) and progesterone (PdG) metabolites and luteinizing hormone (LH), and ratings of affective symptoms for one menstrual cycle. Ten literature-derived methods for determining the presence of an LH-peak or PdG rise were compared, focusing on their feasibility for psychological research. RESULTS Methods by Sun et al. (2019) and Park et al. (2007) most accurately detected PdG rises and LH peaks in this sample, identifying 40.6% of cycles as ovulatory. As expected, ovulatory participants showed greater LH in the periovulatory phase (p = .001), greater PdG in the mid-luteal phase (p < .0001), and greater E1G in the periovulatory phase (p = .001) compared with anovulatory participants. Exemplary methods to compare psychological symptoms between both groups are provided. CONCLUSIONS Recommendations and guidelines for studying the menstrual cycle in irregular cycling adolescents are offered. Novel methods for ovulation detection identified phase-specific hormonal patterns in anovulatory and ovulatory adolescent cycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Klusmann
- Division of Clinical Psychological Intervention, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Schwendenerstraße 27, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Tory Eisenlohr-Moul
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry (MC 913), 60612 Chicago, USA.
| | - Kayla Baresich
- School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Carolina Crossings Building B, 2218 Nelson Highway, 27517 Chapel Hill, USA.
| | - Katja M Schmalenberger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry (MC 913), 60612 Chicago, USA.
| | - Susan Girdler
- School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Carolina Crossings Building B, 2218 Nelson Highway, 27517 Chapel Hill, USA.
| | - Elizabeth Andersen
- School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Carolina Crossings Building B, 2218 Nelson Highway, 27517 Chapel Hill, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mukherjee P, Sanyal S, Chadha S, Mukherjee S. The Impact of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) on the Risk of Developing Ovarian Cancer and Thyroid Disorders: A Comprehensive Review. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2023; 24:EMIDDT-EPUB-136164. [PMID: 37986267 DOI: 10.2174/0118715303266512231103075551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder that affects women. It is characterized by hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovarian morphology, and other related disorders. It is associated with various health conditions, such as infertility and increased risk of heart problems. Ovarian cancer is also a significant concern, as it is the fifth leading cause of death in women. While there is evidence suggesting a potential association between PCOS and ovarian cancer, the exact nature of this relationship remains unclear. Thyroid disorders, particularly hypothyroidism and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, have also been linked to PCOS. The presence of hypothyroidism can contribute to the development of polycystic ovarian morphology, affecting ovulation and hormone balance. Many works have shown a higher ubiquity of autoimmune thyroid disease in PCOS patients, indicating a potential association between the two conditions. The occurrence of PCOS, hirsutism, and acne underscores the frequency of endocrine disorders in women. This review paper examines the present relevant work on the association between PCOS and ovarian cancer as well as PCOS and thyroid disorders. A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed, such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar database, to identify peer-reviewed publications pertaining to PCOS, ovarian cancer, and thyroid disorders. While some studies have delineated a significant link between PCOS and ovarian cancer or thyroid disorders, others have yielded inconclusive results. Further research is necessary to establish a definitive causal relationship between these conditions. Understanding the relationship between PCOS, ovarian cancer, and thyroid disorders is crucial for early detection, accurate diagnosis, and effective management of these conditions. Identifying potential risk factors and developing appropriate screening strategies can improve women's health outcomes and reduce the burden associated with these disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Payal Mukherjee
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Somali Sanyal
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sonia Chadha
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sayali Mukherjee
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Xu W, Chuda H, Soyano K, Zeng J, Mei W, Zou H. Chronological Changes in Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone 1, Gonadotropins, and Sex Steroid Hormones along the Brain-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis during Gonadal Sex Differentiation and Development in the Longtooth Grouper, Epinephelus bruneus. Cells 2023; 12:2634. [PMID: 37998369 PMCID: PMC10670822 DOI: 10.3390/cells12222634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Fshβ and Lhβ showed stronger signals and higher transcript levels from 590 to 1050 dph than at earlier stages, implying their active involvement during primary oocyte development. (2) Fshβ and Lhβ at lower levels were detected during the phases of ovarian differentiation and oogonial proliferation. (3) E2 concentrations increased significantly at 174, 333, and 1435 dph, while T concentrations exhibited significant increases at 174 and 333 dph. These findings suggest potential correlations between serum E2 concentrations and the phases of oogonial proliferation and pre-vitellogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wengang Xu
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Hisashi Chuda
- Aquaculture Research Institute, Kindai University, Wakayama 649-2211, Japan;
| | - Kiyoshi Soyano
- Institute for East China Sea Research, Organization for Marine Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 851-2213, Japan;
| | - Jun Zeng
- Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (J.Z.); (W.M.)
- Institute of Beibu Gulf Marine Industry, Fangchenggang 538000, China
| | - Weiping Mei
- Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (J.Z.); (W.M.)
- Institute of Beibu Gulf Marine Industry, Fangchenggang 538000, China
| | - Huafeng Zou
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kivrak MB, Corum O, Yuksel M, Turk E, Durna Corum D, Tekeli IO, Uney K. Pharmacokinetics of letrozole and effects of its increasing doses on gonadotropins in ewes during the breeding season. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2023. [PMID: 37920137 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Letrozole is a non-steroidal, third-generation aromatase inhibitor used in humans. Although letrozole is not approved for use in animals, it is used off-label in cases of synchronization and infertility. The aim of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of letrozole after a single intravenous administration at three different doses in ewes during the breeding season and its effect on gonadotropins (luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)) at the beginning of proestrus. The study was carried out on 24 healthy Merino ewes. Ewes were randomly divided into four groups (n = 6) as control, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg/kg. Plasma concentrations of letrozole were measured using HPLC-UV and were analyzed by non-compartmental analysis. LH and FSH concentrations were measured with a commercial ELISA kit. The terminal elimination half-life (t1/2ʎz ) was significantly prolonged from 11.82 to 18.44 h in parallel with the dose increase. The dose-normalized area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) increased, and total body clearance (ClT ) decreased at the 1 and 2 mg/kg doses (0.05 L/h/kg) compared with the 0.5 mg/kg dose (0.08 L/h/kg). There were no differences in the volume of distribution at steady-state and initial (C0.083h ) plasma concentration values between dose groups. The decreased ClT , prolonged t1/2ʎz, and increased AUC at increasing doses showed the nonlinear kinetic behavior of letrozole. Letrozole significantly reduced LH concentration without affecting FSH concentration at all doses. As a result, letrozole has the potential to be used in synchronization methods and manipulation of the follicular waves due to its effect on LH secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Bugra Kivrak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gyneacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sivas Cumhuriyet, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Orhan Corum
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Hatay Mustafa Kemal, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Murat Yuksel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gyneacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Hatay Mustafa Kemal, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Erdinc Turk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Hatay Mustafa Kemal, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Duygu Durna Corum
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Hatay Mustafa Kemal, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Ozan Tekeli
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Hatay Mustafa Kemal, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Kamil Uney
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selcuk, Konya, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Al-Yahyaey F, Stephen C, Al-Shukaili Y, Al-Bulushi S, Shaat I, Bush R. Effect of Spirulina platensis Supplementation on Reproductive Parameters of Sahrawi and Jabbali Goat Bucks. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3405. [PMID: 37958160 PMCID: PMC10649162 DOI: 10.3390/ani13213405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Spirulina platensis (SP) is a protein-rich dietary supplement that improves animal reproductive traits. This study investigated the effect of SP supplementation on puberty onset, semen characteristics, scrotal circumference (SC), libido, and hormone concentrations in Sahrawi and Jabbali bucks. The study was conducted in 36 bucks, divided into three groups (n = 6/group), for 70 days. The rations included the following: (1) Control feed (Con) with 14% crude protein and 11.97% MJ/kg DM energy; (2) Con with 2 g SP/head/day SP treatment (T1) and (3) Con with 4 g SP/head/day treatment (T2). The mean (±SEM) SC of both SP groups in the Sahrawi breed was significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) compared to the Con. The mean of the semen volume significantly increased (p ≤ 0.05) in the SP group than in the Con group in both breeds. SP groups vs. Con groups had increased sperm concentration in Sahrawi bucks than Jabbali bucks. Mean serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone (Tes) concentrations in Jabbali bucks were significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) in the SP groups compared to Sahrawi bucks. SP improved the SC, semen quality, libido, sperm concentration, and LH and Tes concentrations in both breeds. The results of the current study suggest that adding SP to the diet may have the ability to improve the semen quality of the local Omani bucks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Al-Yahyaey
- Animal Nutrition Research Division, Ministry of Agriculture Wealth, Fisheries and Water Resources, P.O. Box 467, Muscat 100, Oman
- School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia;
| | - Cyril Stephen
- School of Agricultural, Environmental & Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia;
| | - Yasir Al-Shukaili
- Reproduction Research Division, Ministry of Agriculture Wealth, Fisheries and Water Resources, P.O. Box 467, Muscat 100, Oman;
| | - Samir Al-Bulushi
- Animal Research Center, Directorate General of Veterinary Services, Royal Court Affairs, P.O. Box 1218, Muscat 111, Oman;
| | - Ihab Shaat
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Cairo 12618, Egypt;
- Oman Animal and Plant Genetic Resources Centre (Mawarid), Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation, Al Koudh 111, Oman
| | - Russell Bush
- School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia;
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Alsaeedi FA, Gharib AF, Hassan AF, Alrehaili AA, Megli Althubiti R, Alharthi FM, Suleiman Alotaibi S, Mohammed Al Thomali A, Bakhuraysah MM, Alsalmi O, Ismail A. Influence of COVID-19 infection/vaccination on menstrual regularity and hormonal function in Saudi females of reproductive age. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22291. [PMID: 38058640 PMCID: PMC10695999 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on women's health, particularly on their menstrual cycles. The menstrual cycle serves as a crucial indicator of fertility and reproduction. Objectives This study aimed to examine the impact of COVID-19 infection and vaccination on menstrual regularity in Saudi women of childbearing age. Additionally, it sought to explore the potential effects of COVID-19 vaccination on serum hormonal levels during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, along with their relationship with Vit.D. Methods This case‒control study investigated the impact of COVID-19 infection and vaccination on menstrual regularity and hormonal function in Saudi women of reproductive age. Data were collected from 79 women who attended the Outpatient Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at King Faisal Medical Complex in Taif, Saudi Arabia. All participants had received COVID-19 vaccines. The data collection process was comprehensive, encompassing various participant characteristics, such as demographic information, history of COVID-19 infection, and details about menstrual patterns before and after infection and vaccination. Furthermore, hormonal measurements, including follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), oestradiol, prolactin, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and vitamin D (Vit.D) levels, were extracted from the participants' medical records. Results Among the participants, 39.24 % had a history of COVID-19 infection, and following the infection, there was a significant increase in the proportion of women experiencing irregular menstruation. After receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, 72.15 % of the participants continued to have irregular menstrual cycles. The study found that a considerable number of participants had menstrual cycles outside the normal range, with 43.80 % having cycles shorter than 21 days and 35.10 % having cycles longer than 35 days. Comparing participants with regular and irregular cycles after COVID-19 vaccination, no significant changes were observed in most hormonal levels. However, the prolactin hormone showed a significant increase in participants with irregular cycles, while Vit.D levels were significantly decreased in this group. Conclusion The study findings indicate a higher prevalence of irregular menstruation among participants, particularly after vaccination. Notably, irregular menstrual cycles were found to be associated with elevated levels of prolactin hormone and decreased levels of Vit.D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fouzeyyah Ali Alsaeedi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, PO Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal F. Gharib
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, PO Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa F. Hassan
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani A. Alrehaili
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, PO Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahma Megli Althubiti
- General Nursing. Own Resources Department, King Faisal Medical Complex, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Maha M. Bakhuraysah
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, PO Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ohud Alsalmi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, PO Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Ismail
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Paradiso E, Lazzaretti C, Sperduti S, Melli B, Trenti T, Tagliavini S, Roli L, D'Achille F, Beltrán-Frutos E, Simoni M, Casarini L. Protein kinase B (Akt) blockade inhibits LH/hCG-mediated 17,20-lyase, but not 17α-hydroxylase activity of Cyp17a1 in mouse Leydig cell steroidogenesis. Cell Signal 2023; 111:110872. [PMID: 37640196 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Androgens are produced by adrenal and gonadal cells thanks to the action of specific enzymes. We investigated the role of protein kinase B (Akt) in the modulation of Δ4 steroidogenic enzymes' activity, in the mouse Leydig tumor cell line mLTC1. Cells were treated for 0-24 h with the 3 × 50% effective concentration of human luteinizing hormone (LH) and choriogonadotropin (hCG), in the presence and in the absence of the specific Akt inhibitor 3CAI. Cell signaling analysis was performed by bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) and Western blotting, while the expression of key target genes was investigated by real-time PCR. The synthesis of progesterone, 17α-hydroxy (OH)-progesterone and testosterone was measured by immunoassay. Control experiments for cell viability and caspase 3 activation were performed as well. We found that both hormones activated cAMP and downstream effectors, such as extracellularly-regulated kinase 1/2 (Erk1/2) and cAMP response element-binding protein (Creb), as well as Akt, and the transcription of Stard1, Hsd3b1, Cyp17a1 and Hsd17b3 genes, boosting the Δ4 steroidogenic pathway. Interestingly, Akt blockade decreased selectively Cyp17a1 expression levels, inhibiting its 17,20-lyase, but not the 17-hydroxylase activity. This effect is consistent with lower Cyp17a1 affinity to 17α-OH-progesterone than progesterone. As a result, cell treatment with 3CAI resulted in 17α-OH-progesterone accumulation at 16-24 h and decreased testosterone levels after 24 h. In conclusion, in the mouse Leydig cell line mLTC1, we found substantial Akt dependence of the 17,20-lyase activity and testosterone synthesis. Our results indicate that different intracellular pathways modulate selectively the dual activity of Cyp17a1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elia Paradiso
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia. Via P. Giardini 1355, 41126 Modena, Italy.
| | - Clara Lazzaretti
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia. Via P. Giardini 1355, 41126 Modena, Italy
| | - Samantha Sperduti
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia. Via P. Giardini 1355, 41126 Modena, Italy; Center for Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Beatrice Melli
- International PhD School in Clinical and Experimental Medicine (CEM), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Tommaso Trenti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathological Anatomy, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Via P. Giardini 1355, 41126 Modena, Italy
| | - Simonetta Tagliavini
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathological Anatomy, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Via P. Giardini 1355, 41126 Modena, Italy
| | - Laura Roli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathological Anatomy, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Via P. Giardini 1355, 41126 Modena, Italy
| | - Fabio D'Achille
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathological Anatomy, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Modena, Via P. Giardini 1355, 41126 Modena, Italy
| | - Ester Beltrán-Frutos
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Medical School, IMIB-Arrixaca, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Manuela Simoni
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia. Via P. Giardini 1355, 41126 Modena, Italy; Center for Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy; Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Via P. Giardini 1355, 41126 Modena, Italy
| | - Livio Casarini
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia. Via P. Giardini 1355, 41126 Modena, Italy; Center for Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang J, Wang L, Yang Y, Wang S, Huang C, Yang L, Li B, Wang L, Wang H, Hao S. Dissection of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis neuronal subtypes in feeding regulation. Physiol Behav 2023; 271:114333. [PMID: 37595819 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) plays an important role in feeding regulation through projections to other brain areas. However, whether functional distinctions exist within different BNST cells is not clear. Here, we found optogenetic activation of LH-projecting BNST neurons induced aversion and significantly reduced consumption of normal chow but not high-fat diets (HFD). In contrast, photoactivation of vlPAG-projecting BNST neurons induced place preference and promoted HFD intake, without affecting normal chow consumption. Moreover, optogenetic silencing of LH-projecting BNST neurons reduced the consumption of normal chow in fasted mice, while photoinhibition of vlPAG-projecting BNST neurons decreased the consumption of HFD in both fed and fasted mice. We then labeled the LH- and vlPAG-projecting BNST neurons using retroAAV-GFP and retroAAV-mCherry, respectively, and found these two populations of neurons have different anatomical distribution and electrophysiological properties. Taken together, we identified vlPAG-projecting and LH-projecting BNST neurons are two distinct populations of cells with significant differences in functional and anatomic characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaozhen Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurosurgery of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Institute of Brain Science and Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Liangliang Wang
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Yiwen Yang
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurosurgery of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurosurgery of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Changgang Huang
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurosurgery of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurosurgery of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Baoming Li
- Institute of Brain Science and Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Lang Wang
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310016, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Neurosurgery of Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Sijia Hao
- Institute of Brain Science and Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Rahimi K, Riyahi M, Sajedianfard J, Nazifi S. Effects of intracerebroventricular administration of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on sex hormones and sperm quality in rats. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:5454-5458. [PMID: 37915664 PMCID: PMC10617940 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Therapeutic strategies with calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) or its receptor have been investigated, but there are few studies regarding the possible harmful effects of CGRP in other body organs. Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect of intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of CGRP on sex hormones and sperm quality in rats. Methods Twelve male rats were divided into two groups (n=6 per group). The first group (control) rats were injected with 5 µl artificial cerebrospinal fluid intra-ICV; the second group rats, 5 µl (1.5 nmol) CGRP. The levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone were measured. Epididymal sperms were used to determine the sperm parameters. Results The levels of testosterone, LH and FSH in CGRP group was significantly lower than in artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF) group (P<0.05). The concentration and motility of sperm in CGRP group was significantly lower than in ACSF group (P<0.05). In CGRP group live spermatozoa and intact acrosome significantly reduced compared to the ACSF group (P<0.05). In addition, in CGRP group dead spermatozoa and lose acrosome significantly increased compared to the ACSF group (P<0.05). Conclusion ICV injection of CGRP may reduce sperm quality, probably through induction of an imbalance in FSH and LH production as well as testosterone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaveh Rahimi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz
| | | | | | - Saeed Nazifi
- Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Muñoz de la Torre LP, Trujillo Hernández A, Eguibar JR, Cortés C, Morales-Ledesma L. Characterization of sperm motility and testosterone secretion in the taiep myelin mutant, a model of demyelination. Anim Reprod 2023; 20:e20220102. [PMID: 38026000 PMCID: PMC10681128 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2022-0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Presently, demyelinating diseases have been reported to affect the reproductive life of patients who suffer from them, but the progression of the alterations is unknown, especially in men. To better understand these effects, it is necessary to perform studies in animal models, such as the male taiep rat, which exhibits progressive demyelination of the central nervous system, altered kisspeptin expression at the hypothalamic level, and decreased luteinizing hormone, which could alter sperm quality and testicular diameter. Thus, the objective of the present study was to analyze the diameter of the seminiferous tubules, the sperm motility, and the testosterone levels of 90-day-old male taiep rats. The obtained results indicate that male taiep rats show an increase in testicular size accompanied by an increase in the diameter of the seminiferous tubules of the left testicle. There was also a decrease in progressive motility in sperm samples from the left epididymis of male taiep rats compared to the control group, with no changes in serum testosterone concentration. Therefore, we conclude that male taiep rats with central demyelination show altered testicular diameter and decreased motility in sperm from the left side. This type of studies serves as a basis for proposing possible reproductive strategies to improve the fertility and testicular function of men with demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luz Patricia Muñoz de la Torre
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Reproductiva, Unidad de Investigación en Biología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - José Ramón Eguibar
- Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Estudios de Posgrado, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - Carmen Cortés
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - Leticia Morales-Ledesma
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Reproductiva, Unidad de Investigación en Biología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Konstantinidou F, Placidi M, Di Emidio G, Stuppia L, Tatone C, Gatta V, Artini PG. Maternal MicroRNA Profile Changes When LH Is Added to the Ovarian Stimulation Protocol: A Pilot Study. Epigenomes 2023; 7:25. [PMID: 37873810 PMCID: PMC10594432 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes7040025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
While the use of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization (IVF) is an established practice, the use of luteinizing hormone (LH) remains debatable. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, endogenous, non-coding transcripts that control a variety of cellular functions, such as gonadotrophin production and follicular development. The goal of this pilot study was to investigate whether the employment of recombinant LH (rLH) in ovarian stimulation protocols results in changes in the miRNA profiles in human oocytes. Patients were divided into two groups: seven received recombinant FSH (rFSH, 225 IU), and six received rFSH (150 IU) plus rLH (75 IU). MiRNA predesigned panels and real-time PCR technology were used to analyze the oocytes retrieved from the follicular ovarian retrieval. Among the miRNAs evaluated, a series of them evidenced upregulation or downregulation in their expression in the FSH plus LH group compared to the FSH group. Considering the results obtained from the functional and network analysis, the different maternal miRNA profiles in the two groups revealed a differential modulation of pathways involved in numerous biological functions. Overall, based on the pathways associated with most of these maternal miRNAs, the presence of LH may result in a different modulation of pathways regulating survival under the control of a Tp53-related mechanism. Interestingly, among the miRNAs differentially expressed in oocytes of the two groups, we have found miRNAs already investigated at ovarian, follicular, oocyte, and embryonic levels: hsa-miR-484, hsa-miR-222, hsa-miR-520d-5p, hsa-miRNA-17, hsa-miR-548, and hsa-miR-140. Thus, investigation into the role of these miRNAs in oocyte molecular pathways may help determine how LH affects oocyte competence and eventually leads to the clinical improvement of IVF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fani Konstantinidou
- Department of Psychological Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.K.)
- Unit of Molecular Genetics, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Martina Placidi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.P.); (G.D.E.); (C.T.)
| | - Giovanna Di Emidio
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.P.); (G.D.E.); (C.T.)
| | - Liborio Stuppia
- Department of Psychological Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.K.)
- Unit of Molecular Genetics, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Carla Tatone
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (M.P.); (G.D.E.); (C.T.)
| | - Valentina Gatta
- Department of Psychological Health and Territorial Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.K.)
- Unit of Molecular Genetics, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Paolo Giovanni Artini
- Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Uenoyama Y, Tsukamura H. KNDy neurones and GnRH/ LH pulse generation: Current understanding and future aspects. J Neuroendocrinol 2023; 35:e13285. [PMID: 37232103 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Uncovering the central mechanism underlying mammalian reproduction is warranted to develop new therapeutic approaches for reproductive disorders in humans and domestic animals. The present study focused on the role of arcuate kisspeptin neurones (also known as KNDy neurones) as an intrinsic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulse generator, which plays a fundamental role in mammalian reproduction via the stimulation of pituitary gonadotropin synthesis and release and thereby in gametogenesis and steroidogenesis in the gonads of mammals. We also discuss the mechanism that inhibits pulsatile GnRH/gonadotropin release under a negative energy balance, considering that reproductive disorders often occur during malnutrition in humans and livestock.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroko Tsukamura
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tian D, Yang C, Xie B, Li H, Li J, Yang D, Zhu Z. Effects of Varicocele Surgical Repair on Serum Hormone and Inhibin B Levels for Patients With Varicocele: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Am J Mens Health 2023; 17:15579883231199400. [PMID: 37694823 PMCID: PMC10496478 DOI: 10.1177/15579883231199400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Varicocele surgical repair can improve the function of the testis for patients with varicocele. We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effects of varicocele surgical repair on serum hormones and inhibin B levels in patients with varicocele. A literature search was performed in August 2022, and no language or geographic region restrictions were applied. The search included the following databases: PubMed, Embase, and Medline. A literature review was performed to identify all published clinical trials assessing serum hormone and inhibin B levels before and after varicocele surgical repair. The reference lists of retrieved studies were also investigated. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted. Eight articles were selected from 162 articles, including 452 patients. The combined analysis showed that after surgical treatment, mean serum testosterone, inhibin B, and sperm concentration levels increased compared with preoperative levels (p < .05). After surgical treatment, mean serum follicle-stimulating hormon (FSH), and Luteinizing hormone (LH) levels decreased compared with preoperative levels (p < .05). This meta-analysis demonstrates that varicocele surgical repair can improve testicular function, increase serum testosterone, and inhibin B levels and decrease serum FSH and LH levels in patients with varicocele. This might be related to the improvement of infertility. A large-scale multicenter randomized controlled study is needed for further confirmation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daxue Tian
- Department of Urology, Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Chenchen Yang
- Department of Urology, Tengzhou Central People’s Hospital, Tengzhou, China
| | - Bing Xie
- Department of Medical Engineering, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Haijuan Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Diandong Yang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Zaisheng Zhu
- Department of Urology, Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Bouchard T, Yong P, Doyle-Baker P. Establishing a Gold Standard for Quantitative Menstrual Cycle Monitoring. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023; 59:1513. [PMID: 37763632 PMCID: PMC10533176 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59091513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The Quantum Menstrual Health Monitoring Study will measure four key reproductive hormones in the urine (follicle-stimulating hormone, FSH; estrone-3-glucuronide, E13G; luteinizing hormone, LH; and pregnanediol glucuronide, PDG) to characterize patterns that predict and confirm ovulation, referenced to serum hormones and the gold standard of the ultrasound day of ovulation in participants with regular cycles. These normal cycles will provide a reference for comparison to irregular cycles in subjects with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and athletes. Materials and Methods: Participants will track their menstrual cycles for 3 months and be provided with an at-home urine hormone monitor (Mira monitor) to predict ovulation. The day of ovulation will be confirmed with serial ultrasounds completed in a community clinic. Urine results will be compared to serum hormone values. Other markers of menstrual health, such as bleeding patterns and temperature changes, will be determined using a customized app. Three groups will be recruited. Group 1 will include those with consistent regular cycle lengths (between 24-38 days), and will be compared to two groups with irregular cycle lengths (with increased cycle length variability and longer cycles). Group 2 will include those with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) with irregular cycles and Group 3 will include individuals participating in high levels of exercise with irregular cycles. Hypothesis: The Mira monitor quantitative urine hormone pattern will accurately correlate with serum hormonal levels and will predict (with LH) and confirm (with PDG) the ultrasound day of ovulation in those with regular cycles as well as those with irregular cycles. Rationale: Once the ultrasound validation is complete, tools like the Mira monitor with a customized app may become a new standard for at-home and remote clinical monitoring of the menstrual cycle without having to use labor-intensive follicular-tracking ultrasound or follow serum hormone changes. Conclusions: Precision monitoring of the menstrual cycle is expected to impact individuals who want to increase their menstrual health literacy and guide decisions about fertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bouchard
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6Z 2K8, Canada;
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T3H 0N9, Canada
| | - Paul Yong
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6Z 2K8, Canada;
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Azhar NA, Paul BT, Jesse FFA, Mohd-Lila MA, Chung ELT, Kamarulrizal MI. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and reproductive hormone responses in bucks post-challenge with Mannheimia haemolytica A2 and its outer membrane protein. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:291. [PMID: 37589856 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03706-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin and outer membrane protein (OMP) are among the virulence factors of Gram-negative bacteria responsible for inducing pathogenicity in the infected host. OMP and LPS occur on the outer membrane of M. haemolytica A2, the primary aetiological agent of pneumonic mannheimiosis in small ruminants. While the LPS is known to mediate Gram-negative bacterial infection by activating downstream inflammatory pathways, the potential role of OMP during inflammatory responses remained unclear. Hence, this study determined the effect of the OMP of M. haemolytica A2 on the serum concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the male reproductive hormones (testosterone and Luteinizing Hormone). We randomly assigned twelve bucks to three groups (n = 4 bucks each): Group 1 was challenged with 2 mL PBS buffer (pH 7.0) intranasally; Group 2 received 2 mL of 1.2 X 109 CFU/mL whole M. haemolytica A2 intranasally; and Group 3 received 2 mL of OMP extract obtained from 1.2 X 109 CFU/mL M. haemolytica A2 intramuscularly. Serum samples collected at pre-determined intervals were used for the quantitative determination of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα) and reproductive hormones (testosterone and LH) using commercial sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The serum concentration of IL1β was initially increased within the first-hour post-challenge in Groups 2 and 3, followed by a significant decrease in concentration at 21d and 35d (p < 0.05) in Group 3. Only mild fluctuations in IL-6 occurred in group 2, as opposed to the 1.7-fold rapid increase in TNFα within 2 h post-challenge before decreasing at 6 h. An increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines was accompanied by an acute febrile response of 39.5 ± 0.38 °C (p < 0.05) at 2 h and 40.1 ± 0.29 °C (p < 0.05) at 4 h in Group 2 and Group 3, respectively. Serum testosterone decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in both treatment groups but remained significantly (p > 0.05) lower than in Group 1 throughout the study. There was a moderate negative association between testosterone and IL1β (r = -0.473; p > 0.05) or TNFα (r = -0.527; p < 0.05) in Group 2. Serum LH also showed moderate negative associations with TNFα in Group 2 (r = -0.63; p < 0.05) and Group 3 (r = -0.54; p > 0.05). The results of this study demonstrated that M. haemolytica A2 and its OMP produced marked alterations in serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and male reproductive hormones. The negative correlations between serum testosterone and inflammatory cytokines would suggest the potential role of OMP in causing male infertility by mediating innate inflammatory responses to suppress testosterone production in bucks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nur Amira Azhar
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Bura Thlama Paul
- Department of Animal Science and Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia Campus Bintulu Sarawak, 97003, Bintulu, Malaysia
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, 600230, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria
| | - Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd-Azmi Mohd-Lila
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Eric Lim Teik Chung
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mat Isa Kamarulrizal
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zimerman J, Niño OMS, da Costa CS, Zanol JF, Comério M, da Gama de Souza LN, Miranda-Alves L, Miranda RA, Lisboa PC, Camilo TA, Rorato R, Alves GA, Frazão R, Zomer HD, Freitas-Lima LC, Graceli JB. Subacute high-refined carbohydrate diet leads to abnormal reproductive control of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis in female rats. Reprod Toxicol 2023; 119:108410. [PMID: 37211340 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that female rats placed on a diet containing refined carbohydrates (HCD) resulted in obesity and reproductive abnormalities, such as high serum LH concentration and abnormal ovarian function. However, the impacts at the hypothalamic-pituitary (HP) function, specifically regarding pathways linked to reproductive axis modulation are unknown. In this study, we assessed whether subacute feeding with HCD results in abnormal reproductive control in the HP axis. Female rats were fed with HCD for 15 days and reproductive HP axis morphophysiology was assessed. HCD reduced hypothalamic mRNA expression (Kiss1, Lepr, and Amhr2) and increased pituitary LHβ+ cells. These changes likely contribute to the increase in serum LH concentration observed in HCD. Blunted estrogen negative feedback was observed in HCD, with increased kisspeptin protein expression in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARH), lower LHβ+ cells and LH concentration in ovariectomized (OVX)+HCD rats. Thus, these data suggest that HCD feeding led to female abnormal reproductive control of HP axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanini Zimerman
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Oscar M S Niño
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil; Faculty of Human Sciences and Education, Universidad de los Llanos, Villavicencio, Meta, Colombia
| | - Charles S da Costa
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Jordana F Zanol
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Milena Comério
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | | | - Leandro Miranda-Alves
- Experimental Endocrinology Research, Development and Innovation Group, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, Ilha do Governador, Cidade Universitária, UFRJ, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rosiane A Miranda
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patrícia C Lisboa
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tays A Camilo
- Department of Biophysics, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Rorato
- Department of Biophysics, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Andrade Alves
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata Frazão
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Helena D Zomer
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Jones B Graceli
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Johannsen TH, Albrethsen J, Neocleous V, Baronio F, Cools M, Aksglaede L, Jørgensen N, Christiansen P, Toumba M, Fanis P, Ljubicic ML, Juul A. Reduced serum concentrations of biomarkers reflecting Leydig and Sertoli cell function in male patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Endocr Connect 2023; 12:e230073. [PMID: 37256668 PMCID: PMC10388656 DOI: 10.1530/ec-23-0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a recessive condition that affects the adrenal glands. Despite life-long replacement therapy with glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, adult patients with CAH often experience impaired gonadal function. In pubertal boys and in men with CAH, circulating testosterone is produced by the adrenal glands as well as the testicular, steroidogenic cells. In this European two-center study, we evaluated the function of Leydig and Sertoli cells in 61 boys and men with CAH, primarily due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Despite conventional hormone replacement therapy, our results indicated a significant reduction in serum concentrations of both Leydig cell-derived hormones (i.e. insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3) and testosterone) and Sertoli cell-derived hormones (i.e. inhibin B and anti-Müllerian hormone) in adult males with CAH. Serum concentrations of INSL3 were particularly reduced in those with testicular adrenal rest tumors. To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate circulating INSL3 as a candidate biomarker to monitor Leydig cell function in patients with CAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trine Holm Johannsen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob Albrethsen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vassos Neocleous
- The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Department of Molecular Genetics, Function and Therapy, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Federico Baronio
- S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Bologna, Italy
| | - Martine Cools
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital and Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lise Aksglaede
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Jørgensen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Christiansen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Meropi Toumba
- The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Department of Molecular Genetics, Function and Therapy, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Pediatric Endocrinology Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Aretaeio Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Pavlos Fanis
- The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Department of Molecular Genetics, Function and Therapy, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Marie Lindhardt Ljubicic
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Makolle S, Catteau-Jonard S, Robin G, Dewailly D. Serum LH levels are associated to serum insulin and Anti-Müllerian hormone levels in women with both functional hypothalamic amenorrhoea and polycystic ovarian morphology. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2023; 99:73-78. [PMID: 36912207 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to investigate whether serum Luteinizing Hormone (LH) levels in women with Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhoea (FHA) and Polycystic Ovarian Morphology (PCOM) are still associated to Body Mass Index (BMI) and/or serum insulin and/or Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) levels using a larger population of FHA. DESIGN Retrospective observational study (2006-2020). PARTICIPANTS Data from 62 FHA patients were used for this study using strict criteria to define them. MEASUREMENTS Serum LH, FSH, 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA-S), androstenedione, total testosterone, prolactin, Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) and AMH levels were measured by immunoassay. To homogenize the AMH values, we converted those obtained after 2015. We defined PCOM with strict criteria: a follicle number per ovary (FNPO) ≥12 or ≥20 per ovary, depending on the date on which the assessment was carried out and the ultrasound device. RESULTS Forty-two percentage of our FHA population had PCOM. The PCOM+ group had significantly higher ranks of BMI (p = .024) and serum AMH levels (p = .0001) and significantly lower ranks of serum FSH levels (p = .002). LH was positively correlated with fasting insulin (p = .011) and with AMH (p = .035) in the PCOM+ group only but not with BMI. There was a positive correlation between LH and FSH in both groups. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that GnRH insufficiency in women with PCOM unravels some mechanisms of LH regulation that are poorly documented in the literature and may involve a direct pituitary effect, as suggested by our results with serum insulin and AMH levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Makolle
- CHU Lille, Service de Gynécologie Médicale Orthogénie et Sexologie, Lille, France
| | - Sophie Catteau-Jonard
- CHU Lille, Service de Gynécologie Médicale Orthogénie et Sexologie, Lille, France
- Inserm, Lille, France
- U1172-LilNCog (JPARC)-Lille Neurosciences and Cognition, Université Lille, Lille, France
| | - Geoffroy Robin
- CHU Lille, Service de Gynécologie Médicale Orthogénie et Sexologie, Lille, France
- Inserm, Lille, France
- U1172-LilNCog (JPARC)-Lille Neurosciences and Cognition, Université Lille, Lille, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Krysiak R, Basiak M, Machnik G, Okopień B. Impaired Gonadotropin-Lowering Effects of Metformin in Postmenopausal Women with Autoimmune Thyroiditis: A Pilot Study. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:922. [PMID: 37513834 PMCID: PMC10383171 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Metformin has been found to reduce elevated gonadotropin levels. Hashimoto's thyroiditis is the most common thyroid disorder in iodine-sufficient areas, and it often develops in postmenopausal women. The aim of this study was to investigate whether autoimmune thyroiditis determines the impact of metformin on gonadotrope secretory function. Two matched groups of postmenopausal women were studied: 35 with euthyroid Hashimoto's thyroiditis (group A) and 35 without thyroid disorders (group B). Throughout the study, all participants received oral metformin (2.55-3 g daily). Plasma glucose, insulin, gonadotropins, estradiol, progesterone, thyrotropin, free thyroid hormones, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, insulin-like growth factor-1, hsCRP, thyroid peroxidase, and thyroglobulin antibody titers were measured at the beginning of the study and six months later. At entry, both groups differed in thyroid peroxidase antibody titers, thyroglobulin antibody titers, and hsCRP levels. In group A, baseline antibody titers correlated positively with hsCRP and negatively with insulin sensitivity. Although metformin improved glucose homeostasis and reduced hsCRP levels in both study groups, these effects were more pronounced in group B than in group A. Only in group B did metformin decrease FSH levels and tend to reduce LH levels. Thyroid antibody titers and the levels of the remaining hormones did not change throughout the study. The impact of metformin on gonadotropin levels correlated with their baseline values and the degree of improvement in insulin sensitivity, as well as with the baseline and treatment-induced reduction in hsCRP. Moreover, the impact on gonadotropins and insulin sensitivity in group A depended on baseline antibody titers. The obtained results indicate that coexisting autoimmune thyroiditis impairs the gonadotropin-lowering effects of metformin in postmenopausal women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Krysiak
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Marcin Basiak
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Machnik
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Bogusław Okopień
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Roy N, Lazzaretti C, Paradiso E, Capponi C, Ferrari T, Reggianini F, Sperduti S, Baschieri L, Mascolo E, Perri C, Varani M, Canu G, Trenti T, Nicoli A, Morini D, Iannotti F, Villani MT, Vicini E, Simoni M, Casarini L. Short-Term Exposure to Bisphenol A Does Not Impact Gonadal Cell Steroidogenesis In Vitro. Cells 2023; 12:1537. [PMID: 37296657 PMCID: PMC10252311 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous, synthetic chemical proven to induce reproductive disorders in both men and women. The available studies investigated the effects of BPA on male and female steroidogenesis following long-term exposure to the compound at relatively high environmental concentrations. However, the impact of short-term exposure to BPA on reproduction is poorly studied. We evaluated if 8 and 24 h exposure to 1 nM and 1 µM BPA perturbs luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin (LH/hCG)-mediated signalling in two steroidogenic cell models, i.e., the mouse tumour Leydig cell line mLTC1, and human primary granulosa lutein cells (hGLC). Cell signalling studies were performed using a homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF) assay and Western blotting, while gene expression analysis was carried out using real-time PCR. Immunostainings and an immunoassay were used for intracellular protein expression and steroidogenesis analyses, respectively. The presence of BPA leads to no significant changes in gonadotropin-induced cAMP accumulation, alongside phosphorylation of downstream molecules, such as ERK1/2, CREB and p38 MAPK, in both the cell models. BPA did not impact STARD1, CYP11A1 and CYP19A1 gene expression in hGLC, nor Stard1 and Cyp17a1 expression in mLTC1 treated with LH/hCG. Additionally, the StAR protein expression was unchanged upon exposure to BPA. Progesterone and oestradiol levels in the culture medium, measured by hGLC, as well as the testosterone and progesterone levels in the culture medium, measured by mLTC1, did not change in the presence of BPA combined with LH/hCG. These data suggest that short-term exposure to environmental concentrations of BPA does not compromise the LH/hCG-induced steroidogenic potential of either human granulosa or mouse Leydig cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neena Roy
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy; (N.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Clara Lazzaretti
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy; (N.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Elia Paradiso
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy; (N.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Chiara Capponi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.C.)
| | - Tommaso Ferrari
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy; (N.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Francesca Reggianini
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy; (N.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Samantha Sperduti
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy; (N.R.); (S.S.)
- Center for Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42121 Modena, Italy
| | - Lara Baschieri
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy; (N.R.); (S.S.)
- International PhD School in Clinical and Experimental Medicine (CEM), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42121 Modena, Italy
| | - Elisa Mascolo
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy; (N.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Carmela Perri
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy; (N.R.); (S.S.)
| | - Manuela Varani
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathological Anatomy, Azienda USL/Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, 41126 Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Canu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathological Anatomy, Azienda USL/Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, 41126 Modena, Italy
| | - Tommaso Trenti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathological Anatomy, Azienda USL/Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, 41126 Modena, Italy
| | - Alessia Nicoli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fertility Center, ASMN, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Daria Morini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fertility Center, ASMN, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Francesca Iannotti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fertility Center, ASMN, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Villani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Fertility Center, ASMN, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Elena Vicini
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.C.)
| | - Manuela Simoni
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy; (N.R.); (S.S.)
- Center for Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42121 Modena, Italy
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Livio Casarini
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41126 Modena, Italy; (N.R.); (S.S.)
- Center for Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42121 Modena, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
AL kafhage FA, Abbas AN, Al-Masaoodi RA, Hassan S, Al-Shemery MK. The relationship between hormonal levels and hematological parameters in cystic ovarian syndrome. J Med Life 2023; 16:937-940. [PMID: 37675180 PMCID: PMC10478661 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2022-0315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by the abnormal production of ovarian androgens resulting in elevated levels of male sex hormones in women. This condition is often marked by the development of a group of small cysts, fluid-filled sacs (cysts) in the ovaries. This study aimed to analyze serum levels of prolactin, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and specific hematological parameters in women with PCOS. In total, 70 women were enrolled, of which 50 were diagnosed with PCOS at an obstetrics institution in Karbala from February and May 2022, and 20 were excluded. Participant selection was based on the Rotterdam 2003 criteria, and we excluded postmenopausal women, those with hyperprolactinemia, and those with overt thyroid dysfunction. The control group included 20 fertile women with normal hormone levels, regular menstrual cycles, and no signs of hyperandrogenism, as verified by ultrasonography. Ages 15 to 46 were similar with regard to the frequency of illness, with those under 36 having a higher incidence. Data were collected via questionnaires, hormone level assessments, and complete blood count (CBC) tests. There was a significant increase in hormone levels (LH, FSH, prolactin, TSH) and CBC values (WBC, Hb, and Plt) in the PCOS group compared to the control group. We observed that women between 26 and 35 were more susceptible to PCOS. Furthermore, women who were overweight demonstrated a higher susceptibility to the syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Saif Hassan
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zahrawi University College, Kerbala, Iraq
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lambalk CB. The enigma of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse frequency governing individual secretion of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone. F S Rep 2023; 4:27-32. [PMID: 37223768 PMCID: PMC10201305 DOI: 10.1016/j.xfre.2023.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone are the two gonadotropic pituitary hormones stimulated by one hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in a pulsatile way. Under several experimental conditions, it appears that a low pulse frequency promotes follicle-stimulating hormone secretion, pointing to an elegant mechanism by which, under governance of one stimulating hormone, the responses of two separate hormones can be individualized. Several experimental and fundamental studies have indicated the underlying mechanisms at the level of gene expression and post receptor events. In this article, an additional explanation is hypothetically put forward on the basis of dynamic and kinetic differences between both hormones in response to GnRH, with a key role of their difference in serum half-life combined with some GnRH-related desensitization features. Although experimentally demonstrated, under clinical conditions its effect remains obscure, likely because of overwhelming hormonal gonadal feedback.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelis B. Lambalk
- Cornelis B Lambalk, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Reproductive Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
McIntyre C, Li XF, Ivanova D, Wang J, O'Byrne KT. Hypothalamic PVN CRH neurons signal through PVN GABA neurons to suppress GnRH pulse generator frequency in female mice. Endocrinology 2023:7183901. [PMID: 37246581 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) are central to the stress response. Chemogenetic activation of PVN CRH neurons decreases LH pulse frequency but the mechanism is unknown. In the present study, optogenetic stimulation of PVN CRH neurons suppressed LH pulse frequency in estradiol (E2)-replaced ovariectomised (OVX) CRH-cre mice and this effect was augmented or attenuated by intra-PVN GABAA or GABAB receptor antagonism respectively. PVN CRH neurons signal to local GABA neurons which may provide a possible indirect mechanism by which PVN CRH neurons suppress LH pulse frequency. Optogenetic stimulation of potential PVN GABAergic projection terminals in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) in OVX E2-replaced Vgat-cre-tdTomato mice via an optic fibre implanted in the ARC suppressed LH pulse frequency. To further determine whether PVN CRH neurons signal through PVN GABA neurons to suppress LH pulsatility, we combined recombinase mice with intersectional vectors to selectively target these neurons. CRH-cre::Vgat-FlpO mice expressing the stimulatory opsin, ChRmine in non-GABAergic CRH neurons alone or in combination with the inhibitory opsin NpHR3.3 in non-CRH expressing GABA neurons in the PVN were used. Optogenetic stimulation of non-GABAergic CRH neurons suppressed pulsatile LH secretion, however LH pulse frequency was not affected when CRH neurons were stimulated and PVN GABA neurons were simultaneously inhibited. Together, these studies demonstrate that suppression of LH pulse frequency in response to PVN CRH neuronal activation is mediated by GABAergic signalling intrinsic to the PVN and may incorporate PVN GABAergic projection to the hypothalamic GnRH pulse generator.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin McIntyre
- Department of Women and Children's Health, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Campus, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Xiao Feng Li
- Department of Women and Children's Health, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Campus, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Deyana Ivanova
- Department of Women and Children's Health, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Campus, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Jun Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Kevin T O'Byrne
- Department of Women and Children's Health, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Campus, SE1 1UL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kawakita T, Yasui T, Yoshida K, Matsui S, Iwasa T. Associations of LH and FSH with reproductive hormones depending on each stage of the menopausal transition. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:286. [PMID: 37231423 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02438-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Associations of luteinizing hormone (LH) with androgens during the menopausal transition and associations between follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels and various diseases related to reproductive hormones in postmenopause have received much attention. LH and FSH are also known to be associated with activities of enzymes related to reproductive hormones. We examined the associations of LH and FSH with androgens and estrogens in each stage of the menopausal transition according to a classification from menopausal transition to postmenopause. METHODS This study was a cross-sectional design. We basically used the Stage of Reproductive Aging Workshop (STRAW) + 10. We divided the 173 subjects into 6 groups according to menstrual regularity and follicle-stimulating hormone level: mid reproductive stage (Group A), late reproductive stage (Group B), early menopausal transition (Group C), late menopausal transition (Group D), very early postmenopause (Group E) and early postmenopause (Group F). Levels of LH, FSH, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), estradiol, estrone, testosterone (T), free T, androstenedione and androstenediol were measured. RESULTS In Group A, LH showed significant positive correlations with androstenedione and estrone. In Group D, LH was positively associated with T and free T and was negatively associated with estradiol. In Groups B, C, D and F, LH showed significant positive correlations with FSH, and there was a tendency for an association between LH and FSH in Group E. FSH was associated with estradiol but not with estrone in Groups C and D. CONCLUSION The associations of LH and FSH with reproductive hormones are different depending on the stage of the menopausal transition. TRIAL REGISTRATION Trial registration number 2356-1; Date of registration: 18/02/2018, retrospectively registered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takako Kawakita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
| | - Toshiyuki Yasui
- Department of Reproductive and Menopausal Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kanako Yoshida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Sumika Matsui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokushima Red Cross Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Iwasa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wei Z, Lakshminarasimha AB, Cone RD, Michel M. Loss of Agrp1 in zebrafish: Effects on the growth and reproductive axis. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2023; 336:114243. [PMID: 36801393 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2023.114243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Loss of agouti related neuropeptide (AgRP) does not lead to overt phenotypes in mammals unless AgRP neurons are ablated. In contrast, in zebrafish it has been shown that Agrp1 loss of function (LOF) leads to reduced growth in Agrp1 morphant as well as Agrp1 mutant larvae. Further, it has been shown that multiple endocrine axes are dysregulated upon Agrp1 LOF in Agrp1 morphant larvae. Here we show that adult Agrp1 LOF zebrafish show normal growth and reproductive behavior in spite of a significant reduction in multiple related endocrine axes namely reduced expression in pituitary growth hormone (gh) follicle stimulating hormone (fshb) as well as luteinizing hormone (lhb). We looked for compensatory changes in candidate gene expression but found no changes in growth hormone and gonadotropin hormone receptors that would explain the lack of phenotype. We further looked at expression in the hepatic and muscular insulin-like growth factor (Igf) axis which appears to be normal. Fecundity as well as ovarian histology also appear largely normal while we do see an increase in mating efficiency specifically in fed but not fasted AgRP1 LOF animals. This data shows that zebrafish can grow and reproduce normally in spite of significant central hormone changes and suggests a peripheral compensatory mechanism additional to previously reported central compensatory mechanisms in other zebrafish neuropeptide LOF lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zehong Wei
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | | | - Roger D Cone
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Maximilian Michel
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne, 50674, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ferraz MVC, Santos MH, Oliveira GB, Polizel DM, Barroso JPR, Nogueira GP, Gouvea VN, Carvalho PHV, Biava JS, Ferreira EM, Pires AV. Effect of growth rates on hormonal and pubertal status in Nellore heifers early weaned. Trop Anim Health Prod 2023; 55:189. [PMID: 37138172 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-023-03588-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effect of growth rates on the hormonal status and puberty onset. Forty-eight Nellore heifers were weaned at 3.0 ± 0.1 (means ± standard error of the mean) months old were blocked according to body weight at weaning (84 ± 2 kg) and randomly assigned to treatments. The treatments were arranged in 2 × 2 factorial according to the feeding program. The first program was high (H; 0.79 kg/day) or control (C; 0.45 kg/day) average daily gain (ADG) from 3rd to 7th month of age (growing phase I). The second program was also high (H; 0.70 kg/day) or control (C; 0.50 kg/day) ADG from the 7th month until puberty (growing phase II), resulting in four treatments: HH (n = 13), HC (n = 10), CH (n = 13), and CC (n = 12). To achieve desired gains, heifers in high ADG program were fed ad libitum dry matter intake (DMI), and the control group was offered around 50% of ad libitum DMI of high group. All heifers received a diet with similar composition. Puberty was assessed weekly by ultrasound examination, and the largest follicle diameter was evaluated every month. Blood samples were collected to quantify leptin, insulin growth factor-1 (IGF1) and luteinizing hormone (LH). At 7 months of age, heifers in high ADG were 35 kg heavier than the control. Heifers in the HH had greater DMI compared with CH in phase II. The puberty rate at 19 months old was greater in the HH treatment (84%) than in the CC (23%), but there was no difference between HC (60%) and CH (50%) treatments. Heifers from HH treatment had greater serum leptin concentration than others at 13 months old, and serum leptin was greater in HH compared with CH and CC at 18 months old. High heifers in phase I had greater serum IGF1 concentration than the control. In addition, HH heifers had a greater diameter of the largest follicle than CC. There was no interaction between phases and age in any variable relative to the LH profile. However, the heifers' age was the main factor that increased the frequency of LH pulse. In conclusion, increasing ADG was associated with greater ADG, serum leptin and IGF-1 concentration, and puberty onset; however, LH concentration was affected mainly by age of the animal. The increasing growth rate at younger age made heifers more efficient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M V C Ferraz
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Amazonas, Estrada Parintins Macurany, Jacareacanga, Parintins, AM, 69152240, Brazil
| | - M H Santos
- Department of Nutrition and Animal Production, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias North Avenue, n 225, Pirassununga, SP, 13635-000, Brazil
| | - G B Oliveira
- Department of Nutrition and Animal Production, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias North Avenue, n 225, Pirassununga, SP, 13635-000, Brazil
| | - D M Polizel
- Department of Biology and Animal Science, Sao Paulo State University, Ilha Solteira, SP, 15385000, Brazil
| | - J P R Barroso
- Department of Nutrition and Animal Production, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias North Avenue, n 225, Pirassununga, SP, 13635-000, Brazil
| | - G P Nogueira
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Clovis Pestana 793, Araçatuba, SP, 16050-680, Brazil
| | - V N Gouvea
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
| | - P H V Carvalho
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA
| | - J S Biava
- Department of Animal Science, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Pádua Dias Avenue, n 11, PO Box 09, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - E M Ferreira
- Department of Animal Science, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Pádua Dias Avenue, n 11, PO Box 09, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - A V Pires
- Department of Nutrition and Animal Production, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias North Avenue, n 225, Pirassununga, SP, 13635-000, Brazil.
- Department of Animal Science, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Pádua Dias Avenue, n 11, PO Box 09, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wang B, Li Z. Hypersecretion of basal luteinizing hormone and an increased risk of pregnancy loss among women with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation and intrauterine insemination. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16233. [PMID: 37234655 PMCID: PMC10205630 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The relationship between basal luteinizing hormone (LH) and reproductive outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing intrauterine insemination (IUI) has remained largely unknown, warranting further investigations. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the possible association of basal LH with reproductive outcomes in women with PCOS women undergoing IUI to gain a better understanding of this topic. Material and methods Data from 533 cycles of controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) and IUI treatments from PCOS women were retrospectively analyzed. Statistical methods, including univariate analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, quartile division, and Spearman rank correlation analysis, were utilized. Results Basal LH resulted as the most significant contributor to pregnancy (P < 0.001). ROC analysis revealed that the predictive power of basal LH on pregnancy was stronger compared to other factors (areas under the curve 0.614, 95% CI 0.558-0.670, P = 0.000). Analysis based on quartile division unveiled a stair-shaped relation of basal LH with pregnancy or live birth as well as a positive linear relation between basal LH and early miscarriage (all P trend<0.05). Basal LH of 11.69 mIU/ml was the point above which early miscarriage grew significantly while pregnancies and live births ceased to increase. Moreover, basal LH was positively correlated with antral follicle count (AFC), number of mature follicles on the trigger day, clinical pregnancy, live birth, and multiple pregnancies (all P < 0.05). The number of mature follicles on the trigger day was positively correlated with clinical pregnancy, early miscarriage, and multiple pregnancies (all P < 0.05). AFC was positively correlated with clinical pregnancy (P < 0.05). Conclusion Hypersecretion of basal LH was associated with an increased risk of pregnancy loss among PCOS women undergoing COS and IUI. Basal LH may have predictive value on pregnancy achievement in women with PCOS undergoing COS and IUI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhiling Li
- Corresponding author. Reproductive Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical college, Shantou University, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Wang F, Tang Y, Cai Y, Yang R, Wang Z, Wang X, Yang Q, Wang W, Tian J, An L. Intrafollicular Retinoic Acid Signaling Is Important for Luteinizing Hormone-Induced Oocyte Meiotic Resumption. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040946. [PMID: 37107703 PMCID: PMC10137601 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been clear that retinoic acid (RA), the most active vitamin A (VA) derivative, plays a central role in governing oocyte meiosis initiation. However, it has not been functionally determined if RA participates in luteinizing hormone (LH)-induced resumption from long-lasting oocyte meiotic arrest, which is essential for haploid oocyte formation. In the present study, using well-established in vivo and in vitro models, we identified that intrafollicular RA signaling is important for normal oocyte meiotic resumption. A mechanistic study indicated that mural granulosa cells (MGCs) are the indispensable follicular compartment for RA-prompted meiotic resumption. Moreover, retinoic acid receptor (RAR) is essential for mediating RA signaling to regulate meiotic resumption. Furthermore, we found zinc finger protein 36 (ZFP36) is the transcriptional target of RAR. Both RA signaling and epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling were activated in MGCs in response to LH surge, and two intrafollicular signalings cooperate to induce rapid Zfp36 upregulation and Nppc mRNA decrease, which is critical to LH-induced meiotic resumption. These findings extend our understanding of the role of RA in oocyte meiosis: RA not only governs meiotic initiation but also regulates LH-induced meiotic resumption. We also emphasize the importance of LH-induced metabolic changes in MGCs in this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fupeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yawen Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yijie Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ran Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zongyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qianying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianhui Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lei An
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sun H, Qian Y, Wan N, Liu L. Differential diagnosis of precocious puberty in girls during the COVID-19 pandemic: a pilot study. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:185. [PMID: 37081435 PMCID: PMC10116441 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04009-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the differential diagnosis of girls aged 6 to 8 years with idiopathic premature thelarche (IPT) and central precocious puberty (CPP) during the COVID-19 pandemic. We explored predicted adult height (PAH) discrepancy to guide appropriate diagnosis and treatment. METHODS From January 2020 to December 2021, Chinese girls aged 6 to 8 years with precocious puberty were recruited. They were divided into IPT and CPP groups. Clinical characteristics, including height, weight, body mass index (BMI), basal luteinizing hormone (LH), oestradiol, uterine length and volume, follicle numbers (d > 4 mm) and bone age (BA) were recorded. We analysed differential diagnosis and PAH discrepancy in both groups. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to explore risk factors for CPP, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to evaluate the diagnostic value of related indexes. RESULTS Sixty patients, including 40 girls with IPT and 20 girls with CPP, were recruited. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in the entire cohort was 25% (15/60) and was significantly higher in IPT than CPP, 32.5% (13/40) vs. 10% (2/20), respectively (P=0.045). There were significant differences in LH, uterine volume, follicle numbers and BA (P<0.05). The impaired PAH of IPT and CPP was 0.01 ± 1.19 SD and 0.62 ± 0.94 SD with significant differences (P=0.047). Logistic regression analysis showed that LH and follicle numbers were independent risk factors for CPP. The ROC curve showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of LH and follicle numbers were 0.823 and 0.697. The sensitivity and specificity of LH with a cut off of 0.285 IU/L were 78.9% and 77.8%. The sensitivity and specificity of follicle numbers with a cut off of 3.5 were 89.5% and 52.8%. CONCLUSION The prevalence of overweight and obesity in 6- to 8-year-old girls with precocious puberty was high. Auxological data should not be used in the differential diagnosis of IPT and CPP. Basal LH above 0.285 IU/L and follicle numbers greater than 4 were important features suggestive of CPP. PAH was impaired in individuals with CPP, but it was not impaired in individuals with IPT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Sun
- Pediatrics Department, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Qian
- Pediatrics Department, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Naijun Wan
- Pediatrics Department, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Liu
- Acupuncture Department, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Zhu Y, Li S, Zhou L, Liu Z. Adult upper-limb forearm lymphoma hygroma (cystic lymphangioma): A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2023; 106:108200. [PMID: 37080154 PMCID: PMC10140781 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.108200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lymphoma hygroma (LH) that is the most common type of lymphangioma, but it rarely occurs in the forearm. It may show localized invasive behavior, but is benign. CASE PRESENTATION A 42-year-old woman presented to our hospital with a growing strip-like mass in the right forearm that had been detected 3 years earlier. Ultrasound examination showed a subcutaneous strip of low back vocal cords on the right forearm. Further magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed irregular strip-like dilated lymphatic vessels characteristic of LH with low T1 signal intensity and high T2 signal intensity. After radical surgical resection, hematoxylin-eosin (H & E) and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of cystic LH endothelial cells labeled with monoclonal antibody D2-40 showed a dilated lymphangioma with no evidence of malignancy. After 7 months of follow-up, no tumor recurrence was seen and the effect was satisfactory. CLINICAL DISCUSSION A combination of previous trauma history, signs and symptoms, and imaging evaluation are necessary to provide clues to LH, but the final diagnosis is likely to be made by pathologic evaluation of the resected specimen. Although there are many treatment modalities, all also have different outcomes. The absence of complete resection resulting in a tumor remnant is the foremost cause of LH recurrence, so we believe that the preferred approach against LH remains complete surgical resection. CONCLUSIONS LH is benign and generally asymptomatic lesions with mild bio-behavior. As there are occasional confusing presentations, similar cystic lesions should still be considered with caution for the disease. Although MRI provides superior advantages for its diagnosis, the confirmation of diagnosis still requires histological examination. Radical lesion resection is a very safe and effective option for the treatment of LH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingkang Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110031, Liaoning Province, China; Department of orthopedic and soft tissue surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Sufen Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110031, Liaoning Province, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110031, Liaoning Province, China; Department of orthopedic and soft tissue surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zunpeng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110031, Liaoning Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Hassan S, Habashy W, Ghoname M, Elnaggar A. Blood hematology and biochemical of four laying hen strains exposed to acute heat stress. Int J Biometeorol 2023; 67:675-686. [PMID: 36853273 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-023-02445-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study is aimed at defining physiological responses to heat stress (HS) in four different lines to better understand the underlying mechanisms of various responses in these genotypes when exposed to heat for a short period. At the age of 30 weeks, 176 laying hens (44 each from the Fayoumi, Golden Sabahia, White Leghorn, and Lohman Brown) were allotted to 2 groups (thermoneutral temperature (26.0 ± 1 °C) and HS (35 ± 1 °C) with relative humidity 55 ± 5% for 6 h/day). Blood samples were collected after 6 h of heat. According to the findings of this study, acute HS increased the concentration of LH in hens by 20.2% while decreasing the concentration of FSH by 4.24. Genotype was found to have a significant effect on blood hematology and most blood biochemical. Significant differences were found between heat stress and genotype in most of the blood parameters. Golden sabahia laying hens had significantly higher WBC, IgY, and LH levels than other groups under HS. The findings of the current study suggested that Lohman Brown was less tolerant to acute HS than another genotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saber Hassan
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Walid Habashy
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt.
| | - Mennatallah Ghoname
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Elnaggar
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Giovanelli L, Quinton R. Isolated Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism: New Insights into Relationships Between Genotype and Reproductive Phenotype. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:e50-e51. [PMID: 36520986 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Giovanelli
- Department of Medical Biotechnology & Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20095 Milan, Italy
| | - Richard Quinton
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Newcastle-upon-Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, UK
- Translational & Clinical Research Institute, University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, UK
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Vashistha A, Khan HR. Role of intraluteal and intrauterine prostaglandin signaling in LH-induced luteolysis in pregnant rats. Mol Reprod Dev 2023; 90:260-271. [PMID: 36866418 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Luteal dysfunctions lead to fertility disorders and pregnancy complications. Normal luteal function is regulated by many factors, including luteinizing hormone (LH). The luteotropic roles of LH have been widely investigated but its role in the process of luteolysis has received little attention. LH has been shown to have luteolytic effects during pregnancy in rats and the role of intraluteal prostaglandins (PGs) in LH-mediated luteolysis has been demonstrated by others. However, the status of PG signaling in the uterus during LH-mediated luteolysis remains unexplored. In this study, we utilized the repeated LH administration (4×LH) model for luteolysis induction. We have examined the effect of LH-mediated luteolysis on the expression of genes involved in luteal/uterine PG synthesis, luteal PGF2α signaling, and uterine activation during different stages (mid and late) of pregnancy. Further, we analyzed the effect of overall PG synthesis machinery blockage on LH-mediated luteolysis during late pregnancy. Unlike the midstage of pregnancy, the expression of genes involved in PG synthesis, PGF2α signaling, and uterine activation in late-stage pregnant rats' luteal and uterine tissue increase 4×LH. Since the cAMP/PKA pathway mediates LH-mediated luteolysis, we analyzed the effect of inhibition of endogenous PG synthesis on the cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway, followed by the analysis of the expression of markers of luteolysis. Inhibition of endogenous PG synthesis did not affect the cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway. However, in the absence of endogenous PGs, luteolysis could not be activated to the full extent. Our results suggest that endogenous PGs may contribute to LH-mediated luteolysis, but this dependency on endogenous PGs is pregnancy-stage dependent. These findings advance our understanding of the molecular pathways that regulate luteolysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akshi Vashistha
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Habibur Rahaman Khan
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.,Department of Safety Assessment, Adgyl LifeSciences Private Limited, Bangalore, Karnataka
| |
Collapse
|