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Povala G, De Bastiani MA, Bellaver B, Ferreira PCL, Ferrari-Souza JP, Lussier FZ, Souza DO, Rosa-Neto P, Pascoal TA, Zatt B, Zimmer ER. Omics-derived biological modules reflect metabolic brain changes in Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2024. [PMID: 39140361 DOI: 10.1002/alz.14095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Brain glucose hypometabolism, indexed by the fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography ([18F]FDG-PET) imaging, is a metabolic signature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the underlying biological pathways involved in these metabolic changes remain elusive. METHODS Here, we integrated [18F]FDG-PET images with blood and hippocampal transcriptomic data from cognitively unimpaired (CU, n = 445) and cognitively impaired (CI, n = 749) individuals using modular dimension reduction techniques and voxel-wise linear regression analysis. RESULTS Our results showed that multiple transcriptomic modules are associated with brain [18F]FDG-PET metabolism, with the top hits being a protein serine/threonine kinase activity gene cluster (peak-t(223) = 4.86, P value < 0.001) and zinc-finger-related regulatory units (peak-t(223) = 3.90, P value < 0.001). DISCUSSION By integrating transcriptomics with PET imaging data, we identified that serine/threonine kinase activity-associated genes and zinc-finger-related regulatory units are highly associated with brain metabolic changes in AD. HIGHLIGHTS We conducted an integrated analysis of system-based transcriptomics and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography ([18F]FDG-PET) at the voxel level in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The biological process of serine/threonine kinase activity was the most associated with [18F]FDG-PET in the AD brain. Serine/threonine kinase activity alterations are associated with brain vulnerable regions in AD [18F]FDG-PET. Zinc-finger transcription factor targets were associated with AD brain [18F]FDG-PET metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Povala
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Computing, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPEL), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Marco Antônio De Bastiani
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Bruna Bellaver
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Pamela C L Ferreira
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - João Pedro Ferrari-Souza
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Firoza Z Lussier
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Diogo O Souza
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Pedro Rosa-Neto
- Translational Neuroimaging Laboratory, The McGill University Research Centre for Studies in Aging, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tharick A Pascoal
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bruno Zatt
- Graduate Program in Computing, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPEL), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduardo R Zimmer
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Hanania JU, Reimers E, Bevington CWJ, Sossi V. PET-based brain molecular connectivity in neurodegenerative disease. Curr Opin Neurol 2024; 37:353-360. [PMID: 38813843 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000001283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Molecular imaging has traditionally been used and interpreted primarily in the context of localized and relatively static neurochemical processes. New understanding of brain function and development of novel molecular imaging protocols and analysis methods highlights the relevance of molecular networks that co-exist and interact with functional and structural networks. Although the concept and evidence of disease-specific metabolic brain patterns has existed for some time, only recently has such an approach been applied in the neurotransmitter domain and in the context of multitracer and multimodal studies. This review briefly summarizes initial findings and highlights emerging applications enabled by this new approach. RECENT FINDINGS Connectivity based approaches applied to molecular and multimodal imaging have uncovered molecular networks with neurodegeneration-related alterations to metabolism and neurotransmission that uniquely relate to clinical findings; better disease stratification paradigms; an improved understanding of the relationships between neurochemical and functional networks and their related alterations, although the directionality of these relationships are still unresolved; and a new understanding of the molecular underpinning of disease-related alteration in resting-state brain activity. SUMMARY Connectivity approaches are poised to greatly enhance the information that can be extracted from molecular imaging. While currently mostly contributing to enhancing understanding of brain function, they are highly likely to contribute to the identification of specific biomarkers that will improve disease management and clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erik Reimers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Scharfen HE, Memmert D. The model of the brain as a complex system: Interactions of physical, neural and mental states with neurocognitive functions. Conscious Cogn 2024; 122:103700. [PMID: 38749233 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2024.103700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
The isolated approaching of physical, neural and mental states and the binary classification into stable traits and fluctuating states previously lead to a limited understanding concerning underlying processes and possibilities to explain, measure and regulate neural and mental performance along with the interaction of mental states and neurocognitive traits. In this article these states are integrated by i) differentiating the model of the brain as a complex, self-organizing system, ii) showing possibilities to measure this model, iii) offering a classification of mental states and iv) presenting a holistic operationalization of state regulations and trait trainings to enhance neural and mental high-performance on a macro- and micro scale. This model integrates current findings from the theory of constructed emotions, the theory of thousand brains and complex systems theory and yields several testable hypotheses to provide an integrated reference frame for future research and applied target points to regulate and enhance performance.
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Ruppert-Junck MC, Heinecke V, Librizzi D, Steidel K, Beckersjürgen M, Verburg FA, Schurrat T, Luster M, Müller HH, Timmermann L, Eggers C, Pedrosa D. Connectivity based on glucose dynamics reveals exaggerated sensorimotor network coupling on subject-level in Parkinson's disease. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2024:10.1007/s00259-024-06796-6. [PMID: 38884774 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-024-06796-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE While fMRI provides information on the temporal changes in blood oxygenation, 2- [18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([18F]FDG)-PET has traditionally offered a static snapshot of brain glucose consumption. As a result, studies investigating metabolic brain networks as potential biomarkers for neurodegeneration have primarily been conducted at the group level. However, recent pioneering studies introduced time-resolved [18F]FDG-PET with constant infusion, which enables metabolic connectivity studies at the individual level. METHODS In the current study, this technique was employed to explore Parkinson's disease (PD)-related alterations in individual metabolic connectivity, in comparison to inter-subject measures and hemodynamic connectivity. Fifteen PD patients and 14 healthy controls with comparable cognition underwent sequential resting-state dynamic PET with constant infusion and functional MRI. Intrinsic networks were identified by independent component analysis and interregional connectivity calculated for summed static PET images, PET time series and functional MRI. RESULTS Our findings revealed an intrinsic sensorimotor network in PD patients that has not been previously observed to this extent. In PD, a significantly higher number of connections in cortical motor areas was observed compared to elderly control subjects, as indicated by both static PET and functional MRI (pBonferroni-Holm = 0.027), as well as constant infusion PET and functional MRI connectomes (pBonferroni-Holm = 0.012). This intensified coupling was associated with disease severity (ρ = 0.56, p = 0.036). CONCLUSION Metabolic connectivity, as revealed by both static and dynamic PET, provides unique information on metabolic network activity. Subject-level metabolic connectivity based on constant infusion PET may serve as a potential marker for the metabolic network signature in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina C Ruppert-Junck
- Neurology Department at Medical Faculty Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
- Neurology Department, University Hospital of Marburg and Gießen, Baldingerstraße, 35043, Marburg, Germany.
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior - CMBB, Universities Marburg and Gießen, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Vanessa Heinecke
- Neurology Department at Medical Faculty Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Damiano Librizzi
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Kenan Steidel
- Neurology Department at Medical Faculty Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Neurology Department, University Hospital of Marburg and Gießen, Baldingerstraße, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Maya Beckersjürgen
- Neurology Department at Medical Faculty Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Frederik A Verburg
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tino Schurrat
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Markus Luster
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Helge Müller
- Institute for Medical Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Lars Timmermann
- Neurology Department at Medical Faculty Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Neurology Department, University Hospital of Marburg and Gießen, Baldingerstraße, 35043, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior - CMBB, Universities Marburg and Gießen, Marburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Eggers
- Neurology Department at Medical Faculty Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Neurology Department, University Hospital of Marburg and Gießen, Baldingerstraße, 35043, Marburg, Germany
- Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bottrop GmbH, Bottrop, Germany
| | - David Pedrosa
- Neurology Department at Medical Faculty Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Neurology Department, University Hospital of Marburg and Gießen, Baldingerstraße, 35043, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior - CMBB, Universities Marburg and Gießen, Marburg, Germany
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Diez I, Ortiz-Terán L, Ng TSC, Albers MW, Marshall G, Orwig W, Kim CM, Bueichekú E, Montal V, Olofsson J, Vannini P, El Fahkri G, Sperling R, Johnson K, Jacobs HIL, Sepulcre J. Tau propagation in the brain olfactory circuits is associated with smell perception changes in aging. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4809. [PMID: 38844444 PMCID: PMC11156945 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48462-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The direct access of olfactory afferents to memory-related cortical systems has inspired theories about the role of the olfactory pathways in the development of cortical neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we used baseline olfactory identification measures with longitudinal flortaucipir and PiB PET, diffusion MRI of 89 cognitively normal older adults (73.82 ± 8.44 years; 56% females), and a transcriptomic data atlas to investigate the spatiotemporal spreading and genetic vulnerabilities of AD-related pathology aggregates in the olfactory system. We find that odor identification deficits are predominantly associated with tau accumulation in key areas of the olfactory pathway, with a particularly strong predictive power for longitudinal tau progression. We observe that tau spreads from the medial temporal lobe structures toward the olfactory system, not the reverse. Moreover, we observed a genetic background of odor perception-related genes that might confer vulnerability to tau accumulation along the olfactory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibai Diez
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Laura Ortiz-Terán
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- UMASS Memorial Medical Center, UMASS Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Thomas S C Ng
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark W Albers
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Gad Marshall
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William Orwig
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard University, Department of Psychology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Chan-Mi Kim
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elisenda Bueichekú
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Victor Montal
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jonas Olofsson
- Stockholm University, Department of Psychology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrizia Vannini
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Georges El Fahkri
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Reisa Sperling
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Keith Johnson
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Heidi I L Jacobs
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jorge Sepulcre
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
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Di X, Jain P, Biswal BB. Effects of Tasks on Functional Brain Connectivity Derived from Inter-Individual Correlations: Insights from Regional Homogeneity of Functional MRI Data. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.02.597063. [PMID: 38895341 PMCID: PMC11185525 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.02.597063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Research on brain functional connectivity often relies on intra-individual moment-to-moment correlations of functional brain activity, typically using techniques like functional MRI (fMRI). Inter-individual correlations are also employed on data from fMRI and positron emission tomography (PET). Many past studies have not specified tasks for participants, keeping them in an implicit "resting" condition. This lack of task specificity raises questions about how different tasks impact inter-individual correlation estimates. In our analysis of fMRI data from 100 unrelated participants, scanned during seven task conditions and in a resting state, we calculated Regional Homogeneity (ReHo) for each task as a regional measure of brain functions. We found that changes in ReHo due to different tasks were relatively small compared with the variations across brain regions. Cross-region variations of ReHo were highly correlated between different tasks. Similarly, whole-brain inter-individual correlation patterns were remarkably consistent across the tasks, showing correlations greater than 0.78. Changes in inter-individual correlations between tasks were primarily driven by connectivity in the visual, somatomotor, default mode network, and the interactions between them. The subtle yet statistically significant differences in functional connectivity may be linked to specific brain regions associated with the studied tasks. Future studies should consider task design when exploring inter-individual connectivity in specific brain systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Di
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Pratik Jain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Bharat B. Biswal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
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Lotter LD, Saberi A, Hansen JY, Misic B, Paquola C, Barker GJ, Bokde ALW, Desrivieres S, Flor H, Grigis A, Garavan H, Gowland P, Heinz A, Bruehl R, Martinot JL, Paillere ML, Artiges E, Papadopoulos Orfanos D, Paus T, Poustka L, Hohmann S, Froehner JH, Smolka MN, Vaidya N, Walter H, Whelan R, Schumann G, Nees F, Banaschewski T, Eickhoff SB, Dukart J. Regional patterns of human cortex development colocalize with underlying neurobiology. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.05.05.539537. [PMID: 37205539 PMCID: PMC10187287 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.05.539537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Human brain morphology undergoes complex changes over the lifespan. Despite recent progress in tracking brain development via normative models, current knowledge of underlying biological mechanisms is highly limited. We demonstrate that human cerebral cortex development and aging trajectories unfold along patterns of molecular and cellular brain organization, traceable from population-level to individual developmental trajectories. During childhood and adolescence, cortex-wide spatial distributions of dopaminergic receptors, inhibitory neurons, glial cell populations, and brain-metabolic features explain up to 50% of variance associated with a lifespan model of regional cortical thickness trajectories. In contrast, modeled cortical change patterns during adulthood are best explained by cholinergic and glutamatergic neurotransmitter receptor and transporter distributions. These relationships are supported by developmental gene expression trajectories and translate to individual longitudinal data from over 8,000 adolescents, explaining up to 59% of developmental change at cohort- and 18% at single-subject level. Integrating neurobiological brain atlases with normative modeling and population neuroimaging provides a biologically meaningful path to understand brain development and aging in living humans.
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Liu J, Yang Y, Li F, Luo J. An epilepsy detection method based on multi-dimensional feature extraction and dual-branch hypergraph convolutional network. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1364880. [PMID: 38681140 PMCID: PMC11047041 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1364880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a disease caused by abnormal neural discharge, which severely harms the health of patients. Its pathogenesis is complex and variable with various forms of seizures, leading to significant differences in epilepsy manifestations among different patients. The changes of brain network are strongly correlated with related pathologies. Therefore, it is crucial to effectively and deeply explore the intrinsic features of epilepsy signals to reveal the rules of epilepsy occurrence and achieve accurate detection. Existing methods have faced the following issues: 1) single approach for feature extraction, resulting in insufficient classification information due to the lack of rich dimensions in captured features; 2) inability to deeply analyze the essential commonality of epilepsy signal after feature extraction, making the model susceptible to data distribution and noise interference. Thus, we proposed a high-precision and robust model for epileptic seizure detection, which, for the first time, applies hypergraph convolution to the field of epilepsy detection. Through a hypergraph network structure constructed based on relationships between channels in electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, the model explores higher-order characteristics of epilepsy EEG data. Specifically, we use the Conv-LSTM module and Power spectral density (PSD), a two-branch parallel method, to extract channel features from space-time and frequency domains to solve the problem of insufficient feature extraction, and can adequately describe the data structure and distribution from multiple perspectives through double-branch parallel feature extraction. In addition, we construct a hypergraph on the captured features to explore the intrinsic features in the high-dimensional space in an attempt to reveal the essential commonality of epileptic signal feature extraction. Finally, using the ensemble learning concept, we accomplished epilepsy detection on the dual-branch hypergraph convolution. The model underwent leave-one-out cross-validation on the TUH dataset, achieving an average accuracy of 96.9%, F1 score of 97.3%, Pre of 98.2% and Re of 96.7%. In addition, the model was generalized performance tested on CHB-MIT scalp EEG dataset with leave-one-out cross-validation, and the average ACC, F1 score, Pre and Re were 94.4%, 95.1%, 95.8%, and 93.9% respectively. Experimental results indicate that the model outperforms related literature, providing valuable reference for the clinical application of epilepsy detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacen Liu
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chengdu Institute of Computer Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chengdu Institute of Computer Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Bueichekú E, Diez I, Gagliardi G, Kim CM, Mimmack K, Sepulcre J, Vannini P. Multi-modal Neuroimaging Phenotyping of Mnemonic Anosognosia in the Aging Brain. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2024; 4:65. [PMID: 38580832 PMCID: PMC10997795 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-024-00497-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unawareness is a behavioral condition characterized by a lack of self-awareness of objective memory decline. In the context of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), unawareness may develop in predementia stages and contributes to disease severity and progression. Here, we use in-vivo multi-modal neuroimaging to profile the brain phenotype of individuals presenting altered self-awareness of memory during aging. METHODS Amyloid- and tau-PET (N = 335) and resting-state functional MRI (N = 713) imaging data of individuals from the Anti-Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic Alzheimer's Disease (A4)/Longitudinal Evaluation of Amyloid Risk and Neurodegeneration (LEARN) Study were used in this research. We applied whole-brain voxel-wise and region-of-interest analyses to characterize the cortical intersections of tau, amyloid, and functional connectivity networks underlying unawareness in the aging brain compared to aware, complainer and control groups. RESULTS Individuals with unawareness present elevated amyloid and tau burden in midline core regions of the default mode network compared to aware, complainer or control individuals. Unawareness is characterized by an altered network connectivity pattern featuring hyperconnectivity in the medial anterior prefrontal cortex and posterior occipito-parietal regions co-locating with amyloid and tau deposition. CONCLUSIONS Unawareness is an early behavioral biomarker of AD pathology. Failure of the self-referential system in unawareness of memory decline can be linked to amyloid and tau burden, along with functional network connectivity disruptions, in several medial frontal and parieto-occipital areas of the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisenda Bueichekú
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ibai Diez
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Geoffroy Gagliardi
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chan-Mi Kim
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kayden Mimmack
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jorge Sepulcre
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Yale PET Center, Yale Medical School, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Patrizia Vannini
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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10
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Chumin EJ, Burton CP, Silvola R, Miner EW, Persohn SC, Veronese M, Territo PR. Brain metabolic network covariance and aging in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:1538-1549. [PMID: 38032015 PMCID: PMC10984484 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease (AD), the leading cause of dementia worldwide, represents a human and financial impact for which few effective drugs exist to treat the disease. Advances in molecular imaging have enabled assessment of cerebral glycolytic metabolism, and network modeling of brain region have linked to alterations in metabolic activity to AD stage. METHODS We performed 18 F-FDG positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in 4-, 6-, and 12-month-old 5XFAD and littermate controls (WT) of both sexes and analyzed region data via brain metabolic covariance analysis. RESULTS The 5XFAD model mice showed age-related changes in glucose uptake relative to WT mice. Analysis of community structure of covariance networks was different across age and sex, with a disruption of metabolic coupling in the 5XFAD model. DISCUSSION The current study replicates clinical AD findings and indicates that metabolic network covariance modeling provides a translational tool to assess disease progression in AD models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny J. Chumin
- Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Department of Psychological and Brain SciencesIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIndianaUSA
- Indiana University Network Science Institute, Indiana UniversityBloomingtonIndianaUSA
| | - Charles P. Burton
- Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Rebecca Silvola
- Department of MedicineDivision of Clinical PharmacologyIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Eli Lilly and CompanyIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Ethan W. Miner
- Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Scott C. Persohn
- Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Mattia Veronese
- Department of Information EngineeringUniversity of PaduaPaduaItaly
- Department of NeuroimagingKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Paul R. Territo
- Stark Neurosciences Research InstituteIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Department of MedicineDivision of Clinical PharmacologyIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
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11
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Lu Y, Li M, Zhuang Y, Lin Z, Nie B, Lei J, Zhao Y, Zhao H. Combination of fMRI and PET reveals the beneficial effect of three-phase enriched environment on post-stroke memory deficits by enhancing plasticity of brain connectivity between hippocampus and peri-hippocampal cortex. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14466. [PMID: 37752881 PMCID: PMC10916434 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The three-phase enriched environment (EE) intervention paradigm has been shown to improve learning and memory function after cerebral ischemia, but the neuronal mechanisms are still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the hippocampal-cortical connectivity and the metabolic interactions between neurons and astrocytes to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of EE-induced memory improvement after stroke. METHODS Rats were subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) or sham surgery and housed in standard environment or EE for 30 days. Memory function was examined by Morris water maze (MWM) test. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was conducted to detect the structural and functional changes. [18 F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) was conducted to detect brain energy metabolism. PET-based brain connectivity and network analysis was performed to study the changes of hippocampal-cortical connectivity. Astrocyte-neuron metabolic coupling, including gap junction protein connexin 43 (Cx43), glucose transporters (GLUTs), and monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs), was detected by histological studies. RESULTS Our results showed EE promoted memory function improvement, protected structure integrity, and benefited energy metabolism after stroke. More importantly, EE intervention significantly increased functional connectivity between the hippocampus and peri-hippocampal cortical regions, and specifically regulated the level of Cx43, GLUTs and MCTs in the hippocampus and cortex. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed the three-phase enriched environment paradigm enhanced hippocampal-cortical connectivity plasticity and ameliorated post-stroke memory deficits. These findings might provide some new clues for the development of EE and thus facilitate the clinical transformation of EE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Lu
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory ResearchBeijingChina
| | - Mingcong Li
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory ResearchBeijingChina
| | - Yuming Zhuang
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory ResearchBeijingChina
| | - Ziyue Lin
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory ResearchBeijingChina
| | - Binbin Nie
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Radiographic Techniques and Equipment, Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jianfeng Lei
- Core Facilities CenterCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Core Facilities CenterCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Hui Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Beijing Key Lab of TCM Collateral Disease Theory ResearchBeijingChina
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12
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Farg H, Elnakib A, Gebreil A, Alksas A, van Bogaert E, Mahmoud A, Khalil A, Ghazal M, Abou El-Ghar M, El-Baz A, Contractor S. Diagnostic value of PET imaging in clinically unresponsive patients. Br J Radiol 2024; 97:283-291. [PMID: 38308033 DOI: 10.1093/bjr/tqad040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Rapid advancements in the critical care management of acute brain injuries have facilitated the survival of numerous patients who may have otherwise succumbed to their injuries. The probability of conscious recovery hinges on the extent of structural brain damage and the level of metabolic and functional cerebral impairment, which remain challenging to assess via laboratory, clinical, or functional tests. Current research settings and guidelines highlight the potential value of fluorodeoxyglucose-PET (FDG-PET) for diagnostic and prognostic purposes, emphasizing its capacity to consistently illustrate a metabolic reduction in cerebral glucose uptake across various disorders of consciousness. Crucially, FDG-PET might be a pivotal tool for differentiating between patients in the minimally conscious state and those in the unresponsive wakefulness syndrome, a persistent clinical challenge. In patients with disorders of consciousness, PET offers utility in evaluating the degree and spread of functional disruption, as well as identifying irreversible neural damage. Further, studies that capture responses to external stimuli can shed light on residual or revived brain functioning. Nevertheless, the validity of these findings in predicting clinical outcomes calls for additional long-term studies with larger patient cohorts suffering from consciousness impairment. Misdiagnosis of conscious illnesses during bedside clinical assessments remains a significant concern. Based on the clinical research settings, current clinical guidelines recommend PET for diagnostic and/or prognostic purposes. This review article discusses the clinical categories of conscious disorders and the diagnostic and prognostic value of PET imaging in clinically unresponsive patients, considering the known limitations of PET imaging in such contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hashim Farg
- Radiology Department, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elnakib
- BioImaging Lab, Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, United States
| | - Ahmad Gebreil
- BioImaging Lab, Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, United States
| | - Ahmed Alksas
- BioImaging Lab, Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, United States
| | - Eric van Bogaert
- Department of Radiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, United States
| | - Ali Mahmoud
- BioImaging Lab, Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, United States
| | - Ashraf Khalil
- College of Technological Innovation, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi 4783, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed Ghazal
- Electrical, Computer, and Biomedical Engineering Department, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi 59911, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Abou El-Ghar
- Radiology Department, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ayman El-Baz
- BioImaging Lab, Bioengineering Department, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, United States
| | - Sohail Contractor
- Department of Radiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, United States
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13
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Endepols H, Anglada-Huguet M, Mandelkow E, Neumaier B, Mandelkow EM, Drzezga A. Fragmentation of functional resting state brain networks in a transgenic mouse model of tau pathology: A metabolic connectivity study using [ 18F]FDG-PET. Exp Neurol 2024; 372:114632. [PMID: 38052272 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
In a previous study, regional reductions in cerebral glucose metabolism have been demonstrated in the tauopathy mouse model rTg4510 (Endepols et al., 2022). Notably, glucose hypometabolism was present in some brain regions without co-localized synaptic degeneration measured with [18F]UCB-H. We hypothesized that in those regions hypometabolism may reflect reduced functional connectivity rather than synaptic damage. To test this hypothesis, we performed seed-based metabolic connectivity analyses using [18F]FDG-PET data in this mouse model. Eight rTg4510 mice at the age of seven months and 8 non-transgenic littermates were injected intraperitoneally with 11.1 ± 0.8 MBq [18F]FDG and spent a 35-min uptake period awake in single cages. Subsequently, they were anesthetized and measured in a small animal PET scanner for 30 min. Three seed-based connectivity analyses were performed per group. Seeds were selected for apparent mismatch between [18F]FDG and [18F]UCB-H. A seed was placed either in the medial orbitofrontal cortex, dorsal hippocampus or dorsal thalamus, and correlated with all other voxels of the brain across animals. In the control group, the emerging correlative pattern was strongly overlapping for all three seed locations, indicating a uniform fronto-thalamo-hippocampal resting state network. In contrast, rTg4510 mice showed three distinct networks with minimal overlap. Frontal and thalamic networks were greatly diminished. The hippocampus, however, formed a new network with the whole parietal cortex. We conclude that resting-state functional networks are fragmented in the brain of rTg4510 mice. Thus, hypometabolism can be explained by reduced functional connectivity of brain areas devoid of tau-related pathology, such as the thalamus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Endepols
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Radiochemistry and Experimental Molecular Imaging, Cologne, Germany; Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Nuclear Chemistry (INM-5), Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich 52428, Germany; University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Eckhard Mandelkow
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn-Cologne, Germany; Department Neurodegenerative Diseases & Gerontopsychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Bernd Neumaier
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Radiochemistry and Experimental Molecular Imaging, Cologne, Germany; Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Nuclear Chemistry (INM-5), Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich 52428, Germany.
| | - Eva-Maria Mandelkow
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn-Cologne, Germany; Department Neurodegenerative Diseases & Gerontopsychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexander Drzezga
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cologne, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn-Cologne, Germany; Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Molecular Organization of the Brain (INM-2), Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich 52428, Germany
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14
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Ruch F, Gnörich J, Wind K, Köhler M, Zatcepin A, Wiedemann T, Gildehaus FJ, Lindner S, Boening G, von Ungern-Sternberg B, Beyer L, Herms J, Bartenstein P, Brendel M, Eckenweber F. Validity and value of metabolic connectivity in mouse models of β-amyloid and tauopathy. Neuroimage 2024; 286:120513. [PMID: 38191101 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Among functional imaging methods, metabolic connectivity (MC) is increasingly used for investigation of regional network changes to examine the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) or movement disorders. Hitherto, MC was mostly used in clinical studies, but only a few studies demonstrated the usefulness of MC in the rodent brain. The goal of the current work was to analyze and validate metabolic regional network alterations in three different mouse models of neurodegenerative diseases (β-amyloid and tau) by use of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) imaging. We compared the results of FDG-µPET MC with conventional VOI-based analysis and behavioral assessment in the Morris water maze (MWM). The impact of awake versus anesthesia conditions on MC read-outs was studied and the robustness of MC data deriving from different scanners was tested. MC proved to be an accurate and robust indicator of functional connectivity loss when sample sizes ≥12 were considered. MC readouts were robust across scanners and in awake/ anesthesia conditions. MC loss was observed throughout all brain regions in tauopathy mice, whereas β-amyloid indicated MC loss mainly in spatial learning areas and subcortical networks. This study established a methodological basis for the utilization of MC in different β-amyloid and tau mouse models. MC has the potential to serve as a read-out of pathological changes within neuronal networks in these models.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Ruch
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Gnörich
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Karin Wind
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Mara Köhler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Artem Zatcepin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Wiedemann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Franz-Joseph Gildehaus
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Simon Lindner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Guido Boening
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Leonie Beyer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jochen Herms
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany; Center of Neuropathology and Prion Research, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Bartenstein
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Brendel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany.
| | - Florian Eckenweber
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Munich, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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15
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Lizarraga A, Ripp I, Sala A, Shi K, Düring M, Koch K, Yakushev I. Similarity between structural and proxy estimates of brain connectivity. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:284-295. [PMID: 37773727 PMCID: PMC10993877 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231204769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance and diffusion weighted imaging have so far made a major contribution to delineation of the brain connectome at the macroscale. While functional connectivity (FC) was shown to be related to structural connectivity (SC) to a certain degree, their spatial overlap is unknown. Even less clear are relations of SC with estimates of connectivity from inter-subject covariance of regional F18-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake (FDGcov) and grey matter volume (GMVcov). Here, we asked to what extent SC underlies three proxy estimates of brain connectivity: FC, FDGcov and GMVcov. Simultaneous PET/MR acquisitions were performed in 56 healthy middle-aged individuals. Similarity between four networks was assessed using Spearman correlation and convergence ratio (CR), a measure of spatial overlap. Spearman correlation coefficient was 0.27 for SC-FC, 0.40 for SC-FDGcov, and 0.15 for SC-GMVcov. Mean CRs were 51% for SC-FC, 48% for SC-FDGcov, and 37% for SC-GMVcov. These results proved to be reproducible and robust against image processing steps. In sum, we found a relevant similarity of SC with FC and FDGcov, while GMVcov consistently showed the weakest similarity. These findings indicate that white matter tracts underlie FDGcov to a similar degree as FC, supporting FDGcov as estimate of functional brain connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldana Lizarraga
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Isabelle Ripp
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Arianna Sala
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Coma Science Group, GIGA Consciousness, University of Liege; Centre du Cerveau2, University Hospital of Liege, Avenue de L'Hôpital 1, Liege, Belgium
| | - Kuangyu Shi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marco Düring
- Medical Image Analysis Center (MIAC AG) and Qbig, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kathrin Koch
- Department of Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Igor Yakushev
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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16
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Guan S, Jiang R, Chen DY, Michael A, Meng C, Biswal B. Multifractal long-range dependence pattern of functional magnetic resonance imaging in the human brain at rest. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:11594-11608. [PMID: 37851793 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-range dependence is a prevalent phenomenon in various biological systems that characterizes the long-memory effect of temporal fluctuations. While recent research suggests that functional magnetic resonance imaging signal has fractal property, it remains unknown about the multifractal long-range dependence pattern of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging signals. The current study adopted the multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis on highly sampled resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans to investigate long-range dependence profile associated with the whole-brain voxels as specific functional networks. Our findings revealed the long-range dependence's multifractal properties. Moreover, long-term persistent fluctuations are found for all stations with stronger persistency in whole-brain regions. Subsets with large fluctuations contribute more to the multifractal spectrum in the whole brain. Additionally, we found that the preprocessing with band-pass filtering provided significantly higher reliability for estimating long-range dependence. Our validation analysis confirmed that the optimal pipeline of long-range dependence analysis should include band-pass filtering and removal of daily temporal dependence. Furthermore, multifractal long-range dependence characteristics in healthy control and schizophrenia are different significantly. This work has provided an analytical pipeline for the multifractal long-range dependence in the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging signal. The findings suggest differential long-memory effects in the intrinsic functional networks, which may offer a neural marker finding for understanding brain function and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihai Guan
- College of Electronic and Information, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Electronic and Information Engineering, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Runzhou Jiang
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
- Medical Equipment Department, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Xiangyang 441000, China
| | - Donna Y Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, United States
| | - Andrew Michael
- Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States
| | - Chun Meng
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Bharat Biswal
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, United States
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17
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Bazinet V, Hansen JY, Misic B. Towards a biologically annotated brain connectome. Nat Rev Neurosci 2023; 24:747-760. [PMID: 37848663 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-023-00752-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
The brain is a network of interleaved neural circuits. In modern connectomics, brain connectivity is typically encoded as a network of nodes and edges, abstracting away the rich biological detail of local neuronal populations. Yet biological annotations for network nodes - such as gene expression, cytoarchitecture, neurotransmitter receptors or intrinsic dynamics - can be readily measured and overlaid on network models. Here we review how connectomes can be represented and analysed as annotated networks. Annotated connectomes allow us to reconceptualize architectural features of networks and to relate the connection patterns of brain regions to their underlying biology. Emerging work demonstrates that annotated connectomes help to make more veridical models of brain network formation, neural dynamics and disease propagation. Finally, annotations can be used to infer entirely new inter-regional relationships and to construct new types of network that complement existing connectome representations. In summary, biologically annotated connectomes offer a compelling way to study neural wiring in concert with local biological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Bazinet
- Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Justine Y Hansen
- Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bratislav Misic
- Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
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18
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Henneicke S, Meuth SG, Schreiber S. [Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: Advances in Understanding its Pathophysiology]. FORTSCHRITTE DER NEUROLOGIE-PSYCHIATRIE 2023; 91:494-502. [PMID: 38081163 DOI: 10.1055/a-2190-8957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Sporadic cerebral small vessel disease determines age- and vascular-risk-factor-related processes of the small brain vasculature. The underlying pathology develops in a stage-dependent manner - probably over decades - often already starting in midlife. Endothelial and pericyte activation precedes blood-brain barrier leaks, extracellular matrix remodeling and neuroinflammation, which ultimately result in bleeds, synaptic and neural dysfunction. Hemodynamic compromise of the small vessel walls promotes perivascular drainage failure and accumulation of neurotoxic waste products in the brain. Clinical diagnosis is mainly based on magnetic resonance imaging according to the Standards for Reporting Vascular Changes on Neuroimaging 2. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is particularly stratified according to the Boston v2.0 criteria. Small vessel disease of the brain could be clinically silent, or manifested through a heterogeneous spectrum of diseases, where cognitive decline and stroke-related symptoms are the most common ones. Prevention and therapy are centered around vascular risk factor control, physically and cognitively enriched life style and, presumably, maintenance of a good sleep quality, which promotes sufficient perivascular drainage. Prevention of ischemic stroke through anticoagulation that carries at the same time an increased risk for large brain hemorrhages - particularly in the presence of disseminated cortical superficial siderosis - remains one of the main challenges. The cerebral small vessel disease field is rapidly evolving, focusing on the establishment of early disease stage imaging and biofluid biomarkers of neurovascular unit remodeling and the compromise of perivascular drainage. New prevention and therapy strategies will correspondingly center around the dedicated targeting of, e. g., cellular small vessel wall and perivascular tissue structures. Growing knowledge about brain microvasculature bridging neuroimmunological, neurovascular and neurodegenerative fields might lead to a rethink about apparently separate disease entities and the development of overarching concepts for a common line of prevention and treatment for several diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solveig Henneicke
- Neurologie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg Medizinische Fakultät, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Stefanie Schreiber
- Neurologie, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg Medizinische Fakultät, Magdeburg, Germany
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19
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Volpi T, Vallini G, Silvestri E, Francisci MD, Durbin T, Corbetta M, Lee JJ, Vlassenko AG, Goyal MS, Bertoldo A. A new framework for metabolic connectivity mapping using bolus [ 18F]FDG PET and kinetic modeling. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:1905-1918. [PMID: 37377103 PMCID: PMC10676136 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231184365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic connectivity (MC) has been previously proposed as the covariation of static [18F]FDG PET images across participants, i.e., across-individual MC (ai-MC). In few cases, MC has been inferred from dynamic [18F]FDG signals, i.e., within-individual MC (wi-MC), as for resting-state fMRI functional connectivity (FC). The validity and interpretability of both approaches is an important open issue. Here we reassess this topic, aiming to 1) develop a novel wi-MC methodology; 2) compare ai-MC maps from standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) vs. [18F]FDG kinetic parameters fully describing the tracer behavior (i.e., Ki, K1, k3); 3) assess MC interpretability in comparison to structural connectivity and FC. We developed a new approach based on Euclidean distance to calculate wi-MC from PET time-activity curves. The across-individual correlation of SUVR, Ki, K1, k3 produced different networks depending on the chosen [18F]FDG parameter (k3 MC vs. SUVR MC, r = 0.44). We found that wi-MC and ai-MC matrices are dissimilar (maximum r = 0.37), and that the match with FC is higher for wi-MC (Dice similarity: 0.47-0.63) than for ai-MC (0.24-0.39). Our analyses demonstrate that calculating individual-level MC from dynamic PET is feasible and yields interpretable matrices that bear similarity to fMRI FC measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Volpi
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Vallini
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Erica Silvestri
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Tony Durbin
- Neuroimaging Laboratories at the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Maurizio Corbetta
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - John J Lee
- Neuroimaging Laboratories at the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Andrei G Vlassenko
- Neuroimaging Laboratories at the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Manu S Goyal
- Neuroimaging Laboratories at the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alessandra Bertoldo
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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20
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Ding J, Shen C, Wang Z, Yang Y, El Fakhri G, Lu J, Liang D, Zheng H, Zhou Y, Sun T. Tau-PET abnormality as a biomarker for Alzheimer's disease staging and early detection: a topological perspective. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:10649-10659. [PMID: 37653600 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease can be detected early through biomarkers such as tau positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, which shows abnormal protein accumulations in the brain. The standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) is often used to quantify tau-PET imaging, but topological information from multiple brain regions is also linked to tau pathology. Here a new method was developed to investigate the correlations between brain regions using subject-level tau networks. Participants with cognitive normal (74), early mild cognitive impairment (35), late mild cognitive impairment (32), and Alzheimer's disease (40) were included. The abnormality network from each scan was constructed to extract topological features, and 7 functional clusters were further analyzed for connectivity strengths. Results showed that the proposed method performed better than conventional SUVR measures for disease staging and prodromal sign detection. For example, when to differ healthy subjects with and without amyloid deposition, topological biomarker is significant with P < 0.01, SUVR is not with P > 0.05. Functionally significant clusters, i.e. medial temporal lobe, default mode network, and visual-related regions, were identified as critical hubs vulnerable to early disease conversion before mild cognitive impairment. These findings were replicated in an independent data cohort, demonstrating the potential to monitor the early sign and progression of Alzheimer's disease from a topological perspective for individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ding
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 100864, People's Republic of China
| | - Chushu Shen
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 100864, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenguo Wang
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 100864, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongfeng Yang
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 100864, People's Republic of China
| | - Georges El Fakhri
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Liang
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 100864, People's Republic of China
| | - Hairong Zheng
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 100864, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Central Research Institute, United Imaging Healthcare Group Co., Ltd, Shanghai 201807, People's Republic of China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Sun
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 100864, People's Republic of China
- United Imaging Research Institute of Innovative Medical Equipment, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
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21
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Gil-Rivas A, de Pascual-Teresa B, Ortín I, Ramos A. New Advances in the Exploration of Esterases with PET and Fluorescent Probes. Molecules 2023; 28:6265. [PMID: 37687094 PMCID: PMC10488407 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Esterases are hydrolases that catalyze the hydrolysis of esters into the corresponding acids and alcohols. The development of fluorescent probes for detecting esterases is of great importance due to their wide spectrum of biological and industrial applications. These probes can provide a rapid and sensitive method for detecting the presence and activity of esterases in various samples, including biological fluids, food products, and environmental samples. Fluorescent probes can also be used for monitoring the effects of drugs and environmental toxins on esterase activity, as well as to study the functions and mechanisms of these enzymes in several biological systems. Additionally, fluorescent probes can be designed to selectively target specific types of esterases, such as those found in pathogenic bacteria or cancer cells. In this review, we summarize the recent fluorescent probes described for the visualization of cell viability and some applications for in vivo imaging. On the other hand, positron emission tomography (PET) is a nuclear-based molecular imaging modality of great value for studying the activity of enzymes in vivo. We provide some examples of PET probes for imaging acetylcholinesterases and butyrylcholinesterases in the brain, which are valuable tools for diagnosing dementia and monitoring the effects of anticholinergic drugs on the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Gil-Rivas
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Beatriz de Pascual-Teresa
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Irene Ortín
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Ana Ramos
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668 Boadilla del Monte, Spain
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22
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Saha DK, Bohsali A, Saha R, Hajjar I, Calhoun VD. A Multivariate Method for Estimating and comparing whole brain functional connectomes from fMRI and PET data. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2023; 2023:1-4. [PMID: 38083351 DOI: 10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are two commonly used imaging techniques to visualize brain function. The use of inter-network covariation (a functional connectome) is a widely used approach to infer links among different brain networks. While whole brain resting fMRI connectomes are widely used, PET data has mostly been analyzed using a few regions of interest. There has been much less work estimating PET spatial networks and almost no work on their connectivity (covariation) in the context of a whole brain data-driven connectome, nor have there been direct comparisons between whole brain PET and fMRI connectomes. Here we present an approach to leverage spatially constrained ICA to compute an estimate of the PET connectome. Results reveal highly modularized connectome patterns that are complementary to that identified from resting fMRI. Similarly, we were able to identify comparable resting networks from a PiB PET scan that can be directly compared to networks in rest fMRI data and results reveal similar, but not identical, network spatial patterns, with the PET networks being slightly smoother and, in some cases, showing variations in subnodes. The resulting networks, decomposed into spatial maps and subject expressions (loading parameters) linked to resting fMRI provide a new way to evaluate the complementary information in PET and fMRI and open up new possibilities for biomarker development.Clinical Relevance-This study analyzes the whole-brain PET and fMRI connectomes, capturing the complementary information from both imaging modalities, thereby introducing a new scope for biomarker development.
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