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Martínez-Alarcón L, Flores-Medina J, Ramis G, Gómez-Laguna J, Moll X, Falceto V, San Román-Ascaso F, San Román-Llorens F, Quereda JJ, Herrero JM, Mendonça L, Martin-Barrasa JL, Fernández OM, Muñoz A, Ramírez P, Gutiérrez P, López-Chicheri I, López-Navas A, Ríos A. Organ xenotransplantation acceptance in veterinary students: A multicentric opinion study in Spain. Xenotransplantation 2023; 30:e12823. [PMID: 37695105 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The shortage of available transplant organs has made it necessary to search for alternatives, one of which is xenotransplantation. However, the use of animal organs could face rejection from society and the personnel involved in its implementation. OBJECTIVES (a) to analyze the attitudes of Veterinary Degree students in six Spanish Universities towards xenotransplantation; and (b) to determine the factors that affect its acceptance. METHODS Of the 2815 students surveyed in the degree program, 2683 valid surveys were obtained. Attitudes towards organ xenotransplantation were evaluated using a validated questionnaire of organ donation. RESULTS If xenotransplantation was confirmed as a clinical reality, 93% (n = 2493) of those surveyed would accept a xenotransplanted organ, whilst 7% would not. If the results of xenotransplantation were worse than those obtained with human donors and it entailed more risk, 12% (n = 318) would be in favor. 56% (n = 1497) of the students would accept a xenotransplantation provisionally pending the arrival of a human organ. Attitudes towards xenotransplantation were affected by the academic year in which a student was studying, with more favorable attitudes among students in the last year (88% in first year vs. 95% in fifth year; p < .001). More favorable attitudes are also observed depending on the attitude they have towards organ transplantation, with those students being more in favor of donating their organs when they die (94% vs. 88%; p < .001). CONCLUSION Veterinary students would have a very favorable attitude toward xenotransplantation if these animal organs functioned as well as human organs. Therefore, these students could play an important role in the future promotion of this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Martínez-Alarcón
- International Collaborative Donor Project, Murcia, Spain
- Surgery Service, Transplant Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan Flores-Medina
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
| | - Guillermo Ramis
- International Collaborative Donor Project, Murcia, Spain
- Surgery Service, Transplant Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jaime Gómez-Laguna
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology and Toxicology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Xavier Moll
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victoria Falceto
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fidel San Román-Ascaso
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fidel San Román-Llorens
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Juan José Quereda
- Department of Animal Production and Health, Veterinary Public Health and Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, University Cardenal Herrera-CEU, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Herrero
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Livia Mendonça
- Faculty of Veterinary, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiania, Brazil
| | - José Luis Martin-Barrasa
- Experimental Animal Facility, Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria, Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Arucas, Spain
- Animal Infectious Diseases and Ictiopatology, University Institute of Animal Health (IUSA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Arucas, Spain
| | - Olga María Fernández
- Animalario libre de Patógenos Arrixaca-Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio Muñoz
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pablo Ramírez
- International Collaborative Donor Project, Murcia, Spain
- Surgery Service, Transplant Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pedro Gutiérrez
- Urology Service, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Departmen of Surgery, University of La Laguna, San Cristóbal de la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Isabel López-Chicheri
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana López-Navas
- International Collaborative Donor Project, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio Ríos
- International Collaborative Donor Project, Murcia, Spain
- Surgery Service, Transplant Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Profiling Human CD55 Transgene Performance Assist in Selecting Best Suited Specimens and Tissues for Swine Organ Xenotransplantation. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10080747. [PMID: 34439979 PMCID: PMC8389641 DOI: 10.3390/biology10080747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The unbalance between availability and needs of human organs has drawn researchers’ attention to xenotransplantation as an option to cope with this shortage. Pig organs have received substantial attention for being comparable to human’s; nevertheless, compatibility constrains still block clinical applications. Transgenesis of human complement regulatory proteins, including the CD55 gene and its product the decay-accelerating factor (DAF), has been proposed to overcome xenorejection. This line of research has obtained interesting results along the years; however, most works assessing the impact of this strategy for xenotransplantation are limited to analyzing gene expression and assessing resistance to conventional serum challenge hemolysis assays, which provide somewhat reduced information prior to surgery. In this work, we tried to expand the analysis of the hCD55 transgene performance beyond common practice and into a better molecular understanding of its impact in xenotransplantation. We determined hCD55 gene expression, as well as hDAF protein presence, in different organs from five transgenic pigs, comparing readings from organs worthy for transplantation and other non-valuable organs and tissues. We also assessed the ability of transgenic cells, compared to non-transgenic, to withstand hemolysis and cytolysis. Finally, we made an effort to establish potential correlations between the hCD55 mRNA and hDAF protein levels detected. Abstract Xenotransplantation of pig organs receives substantial attention for being comparable to human’s. However, compatibility constraints involving hyper-acute rejection (HAR) still block clinical applications. Transgenesis of human complement regulatory proteins has been proposed to overcome xenorejection. Pigs expressing human-CD55 have been widely tested in experimental surgery. Still, no standardized method has been developed to determine tissue expression of human decay-accelerating factor (DAF), hCD55’s product, or to predict the ability to overpass HAR. Here we describe objective procedures addressing this need. Organs and tissues from five hCD55 transgenic pigs were collected and classified according to their xenotransplantation value. The ability to overcome HAR was assessed by classical complement pathway hemolysis assays. Quantitative PCR mRNA expression and Western blot protein level studies were performed. Real-time cytotoxicity assays (RTCA) on fibroblast cultures exposed to baboon and human sera informed on longer-term rejection dynamics. While greater hCD55/DAF expression correlated with better performance, the results obtained varied among specimens. Interestingly, the individual with highest mRNA and protein levels showed positive feedback for hCD55 transcript after challenge with human and baboon sera. Moreover, hCD55 expression correlated to DAF levels in the liver, lung and intestine, but not in the heart. Moreover, we found significant correlations among valuable and non-valuable tissues. In sum, the methodology proposed allows us to characterize the hCD55 transgene functioning and performance. Moreover, the correlations found could allow us to predict hCD55/DAF expression in surrogate tissues, thus eliminating the need for direct biopsies, resulting in preservation of organ integrity before xenotransplantation.
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Bernardo L, Corallo L, Caterini J, Su J, Gisonni-Lex L, Gajewska B. Application of xCELLigence real-time cell analysis to the microplate assay for pertussis toxin induced clustering in CHO cells. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248491. [PMID: 33720984 PMCID: PMC7959359 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The microplate assay with Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells is currently used as a safety test to monitor the residual pertussis toxin (PT) amount in acellular pertussis antigens prior to vaccine formulation. The assay is based on the findings that the exposure of CHO cells to PT results in a concentration-dependent clustering response which can be used to estimate the amount of PT in a sample preparation. A major challenge with the current CHO cell assay methodology is that scoring of PT-induced clustering is dependent on subjective operator visual assessment using light microscopy. In this work, we have explored the feasibility of replacing the microscopy readout for the CHO cell assay with the xCELLigence Real-Time Cell Analysis system (ACEA BioSciences, a part of Agilent). The xCELLigence equipment is designed to monitor cell adhesion and growth. The electrical impedance generated from cell attachment and proliferation is quantified via gold electrodes at the bottom of the cell culture plate wells, which is then translated into a unitless readout called cell index. Results showed significant decrease in the cell index readouts of CHO cells exposed to PT compared to the cell index of unexposed CHO cells. Similar endpoint concentrations were obtained when the PT reference standard was titrated with either xCELLigence or microscopy. Testing genetically detoxified pertussis samples unspiked or spiked with PT further supported the sensitivity and reproducibility of the xCELLigence assay in comparison with the conventional microscopy assay. In conclusion, the xCELLigence RTCA system offers an alternative automated and higher throughput method for evaluating PT-induced clustering in CHO cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidice Bernardo
- Department of Analytical Sciences, Sanofi Pasteur, Toronto, ON, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Lucas Corallo
- Department of Analytical Sciences, Sanofi Pasteur, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Judy Caterini
- Department of Analytical Sciences, Sanofi Pasteur, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jin Su
- Department of Analytical Sciences, Sanofi Pasteur, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lucy Gisonni-Lex
- Department of Analytical Sciences, Sanofi Pasteur, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Beata Gajewska
- Department of Analytical Sciences, Sanofi Pasteur, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Martínez-Alarcón L, Ríos A, Santainés-Borredá E, Agras-Suarez MC, Cañadas-De la Fuente GA, Hurtado-Pardos B, Bárcena-Calvo C, Alorda-Terrasa C, Morillo-Velázquez JM, Martí-García C, Redin-Areta MD, Alconero-Camarero AR, Jiménez-Navascues ML, Gutierrez-Izquierdo MI, Chamorro-Rebollo E, de Las Nieves Merchán-Felipe M, Barandiaran-Lasa M, Martín-Espinosa N, Gala-León FJ, Oter-Quintana C, Benbunan-Bentata B, Tirado-Altamirano F, Fernández-Vallhonrat MB, Ramírez-Rodrigo J, Maciá-Soler L, Saez A, Sánchez Á, López-Navas A, Ramírez P, Parrilla P. Student nurses at Spanish universities and their attitude toward xenotransplantation. Xenotransplantation 2019; 26:e12507. [PMID: 30963648 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent immunological and transgenic advances are a promising alternative using limited materials of human origin for transplantation. However, it is essential to achieve social acceptance of this therapy. OBJECTIVE To analyze the attitude of nursing students from Spanish universities toward organ xenotransplantation (XTx) and to determine the factors affecting their attitude. MATERIALS AND METHODS Type of study: A sociological, multicentre, and observational study. STUDY POPULATION Nursing students enrolled in Spain (n = 28,000). SAMPLE SIZE A sample of 10 566 students estimating a proportion of 76% (99% confidence and precision of ±1%), stratified by geographical area and year of study. Instrument of measurement: A validated questionnaire (PCID-XenoTx-RIOS) was handed out to every student in a compulsory session. This survey was self-administered and self-completed voluntarily and anonymously by each student in a period of 5-10 min. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS descriptive analysis, Student's t test, the chi-square test, and a logistic regression analysis. RESULTS A completion rate: 84% (n = 8913) was obtained. If the results of XTx were as good as in human donation, 74% (n = 6564) would be in favor and 22% (n = 1946) would have doubts. The following variables affected this attitude: age (P < 0.001); sex (P < 0.001); geographical location (P < 0.001); academic year of study (P < 0.001); attitude toward organ donation (P < 0.001); belief in the possibility of needing a transplant (P < 0.001); discussion of transplantation with one's family (P < 0.001) and friends (P < 0.001); and the opinion of one's partner (P < 0.001). The following variables persisted in the multivariate analysis: being a male (OR = 1.436; P < 0.001); geographical location (OR = 1.937; P < 0.001); an attitude in favor of donation (OR = 1.519; P < 0.001); belief in the possibility of needing a transplant (OR = 1.497; P = 0.036); and having spoken about the issue with family (OR = 1.351; P < 0.001) or friends (OR = 1.240; P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The attitude of nursing students toward organ XTx is favorable and is associated with factors of general knowledge about organ donation and transplantation and social interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Martínez-Alarcón
- Department of Surgery, Transplant Unit, Virgen de la Arrixaca Univeristy Hospital, El Palmar, Spain.,Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), El Palmar, Spain.,"International Collaborative Donor Project", El Palmar, Spain
| | - Antonio Ríos
- Department of Surgery, Transplant Unit, Virgen de la Arrixaca Univeristy Hospital, El Palmar, Spain.,Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), El Palmar, Spain.,"International Collaborative Donor Project", El Palmar, Spain
| | - Elena Santainés-Borredá
- Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Enfermeria, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Carmen Bárcena-Calvo
- Departamento de Enfermería y Fisioterapia-Área de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Carme Alorda-Terrasa
- Departamento de Enfermeria y Fisioterapia, Universidad de las Islas Baleares, Baleares, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Morillo-Velázquez
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela Universitaria de Enfermería y Fisioterapia "San Juan de Dios", Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Celia Martí-García
- Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Elena Chamorro-Rebollo
- Facultad de Enfermería y Fisioterapia Salus Infirmorum, Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Maite Barandiaran-Lasa
- Facultad de Medicina y Enfermería, Departamento de Enfermería II Donostia, Sección Donostia UPV/EHU, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | - Noelia Martín-Espinosa
- Escuela Universitaria de Enfermería y Fisioterapia de Toledo, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | | | | | - Bibinha Benbunan-Bentata
- Departamento de Personalidad, evaluación y tratamiento psicológico, Universalidad de Granada, Melilla, Spain
| | | | | | - Jesús Ramírez-Rodrigo
- Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud de Ceuta, Universidad de Granada, Ceuta, Spain
| | - Loreto Maciá-Soler
- Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Ciencias de la salud, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Aida Saez
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), El Palmar, Spain
| | - Álvaro Sánchez
- "International Collaborative Donor Project", El Palmar, Spain
| | - Ana López-Navas
- Departmento de Psicología, Universidad Católica San Antonio Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pablo Ramírez
- Department of Surgery, Transplant Unit, Virgen de la Arrixaca Univeristy Hospital, El Palmar, Spain.,Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), El Palmar, Spain.,"International Collaborative Donor Project", El Palmar, Spain
| | - Pascual Parrilla
- Department of Surgery, Transplant Unit, Virgen de la Arrixaca Univeristy Hospital, El Palmar, Spain.,Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), El Palmar, Spain
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Label-Free Monitoring of Uptake and Toxicity of Endoprosthetic Wear Particles in Human Cell Cultures. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113486. [PMID: 30404169 PMCID: PMC6274933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The evaluation of the biological effects of endoprosthetic wear particles on cells in vitro relies on a variety of test assays. However, most of these methods are susceptible to particle-induced interferences; therefore, label-free testing approaches emerge as more reliable alternatives. In this study, impedance-based real-time monitoring of cellular viability and metabolic activity were performed following exposure to metallic and ceramic wear particles. Moreover, label-free imaging of particle-exposed cells was done by high-resolution darkfield microscopy (HR-ODM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The isolated human fibroblasts were exposed to CoCr28Mo6 and alumina matrix composite (AMC) ceramic particles. HR-ODM and FESEM revealed ingested particles. For impedance measurements, cells were seeded on gold-plated microelectrodes. Cellular behavior was monitored over a period of 48 h. CoCr28Mo6 and AMC particle exposure affected cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner, i.e., 0.01 mg/mL particle solutions led to small changes in cell viability, while 0.05 mg/mL resulted in a significant reduction of viability. The effects were more pronounced after exposure to CoCr28Mo6 particles. The results were in line with light and darkfield microcopy observations indicating that the chosen methods are valuable tools to assess cytotoxicity and cellular behavior following exposure to endoprosthetic wear particles.
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Martínez-Alarcón L, Ríos A, Ramis G, Quereda J, Herrero J, Mendonça L, Muñoz A, Hernández A, Ramírez P, Parrilla P. Impact of 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza A Virus on Veterinary Students' Perception of Xenotransplantation. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:2291-2295. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.02.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Peng K, Qiu Y, Li J, Zhang ZC, Ji FH. Dexmedetomidine attenuates hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:689-695. [PMID: 28672986 PMCID: PMC5488536 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic administration of dexmedetomidine provides cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury; however, the direct effects of dexmedetomidine on cardiomyocytes have not been clarified. The present study investigated the effects of dexmedetomidine on primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes under hypoxic/reoxygenation (H/R) conditions. In order to simulate in vivo I/R injury, primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were cultured under hypoxic conditions for 1 h and subsequently reoxygenated for 24 h. The effects of preconditioning with dexmedetomidine 2 h before hypoxia and postconditioning during reoxygenation were also examined. Cellular viability and activity were analyzed by monitoring the dynamic response profile of living cells using a real-time cell analyzer system. A special scaled index, defined as the normalized cell index (NCI), was used to minimize the influence of inter-experimental variations. The dose-effect curve was generated from the area under the time-course curve values of NCI. H/R exposure markedly decreased cell viability and activity. Furthermore, no cytotoxicity was associated with a clinically relevant concentration of dexmedetomidine. Preconditioning with dexmedetomidine concentration-dependently ameliorated the reductions in NCI in cardiomyocytes following H/R injury. Additionally, postconditioning with dexmedetomidine improved the reductions in NCI at concentrations between 3 and 200 nM. Finally, the effect of 3–40 nM dexmedetomidine postconditioning was greater than preconditioning. These results indicated that preconditioning and postconditioning with dexmedetomidine attenuated H/R injury in primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes at the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Yun Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Suzhou Yongding Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215299, P.R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Cai Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, P.R. China
| | - Fu-Hai Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
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Fernández-Ferreiro A, Santiago-Varela M, Gil-Martínez M, González-Barcia M, Luaces-Rodríguez A, Díaz-Tome V, Pardo M, Méndez JB, Piñeiro-Ces A, Rodríguez-Ares MT, Lamas MJ, Otero-Espinar FJ. In VitroEvaluation of the Ophthalmic Toxicity Profile of Chlorhexidine and Propamidine Isethionate Eye Drops. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2017; 33:202-209. [DOI: 10.1089/jop.2016.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anxo Fernández-Ferreiro
- Department Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy, Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Clinical Pharmacology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS-ISCIII), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María Santiago-Varela
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital de Conxo, Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María Gil-Martínez
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital de Conxo, Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto Oftalmológico Gómez-Ulla, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel González-Barcia
- Department of Pharmacy, Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Clinical Pharmacology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS-ISCIII), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Andrea Luaces-Rodríguez
- Department Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Victoria Díaz-Tome
- Department Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María Pardo
- Obesidomic Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS-ISCIII), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Blanco Méndez
- Department Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Antonio Piñeiro-Ces
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital de Conxo, Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María Teresa Rodríguez-Ares
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital de Conxo, Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Jesus Lamas
- Department of Pharmacy, Xerencia de Xestión Integrada de Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Clinical Pharmacology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS-ISCIII), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Otero-Espinar
- Department Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Xie B, Peng J, Wang S, Zhang X, Nie H. Investigation of the Sequential Actions of Doxorubicin and p53 on Tumor Cell Growth Via Branched Polyethylenimine-β-cyclodextrin Conjugates. Ann Biomed Eng 2016; 44:3372-3383. [PMID: 27122200 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-016-1627-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The combination of gene therapy and chemotherapy has showed increased therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of cancers, but it is not well investigated about the actual coordination pattern between therapeutic gene and chemical drug. In this work, p53/BPEI-β-CD/AD-dox complex was fabricated and employed to investigate the interaction manner between p53 and doxorubicin (Dox). Briefly, branched polyethylenimine (BPEI) was conjugated with β-cyclodextrin hydrate (β-CD) to form BPEI-β-CD backbone, and p53 plasmid was condensed by positively charged BPEI via electrostatic interaction, while Dox was first conjugated with adamantine (AD) and then assembled with BPEI-β-CD backbone via the host-guest interaction. It was found that the BPEI-β-CD backbone possessed high endocytosis efficiency but low cytotoxicity. Moreover, p53/BPEI-β-CD/AD-dox complex released Dox and enabled the expression of p53 gene in a sequential manner, and the released Dox and expressed p53 gene showed successive inhibition of the growth of HeLa cells in vitro. With the ability to co-deliver chemical drug and therapeutic gene and exert their inhibitory actions on tumor cell growth in a sequential manner, this DNA/BPEI-β-CD/AD-drug complex via electrostatic interaction and host-guest assembly not only achieved long-term efficacy in inhibiting tumor cell growth but also can be employed as a platform to investigate the coordination pattern between chemical drugs and therapeutic genes for other purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hunan University, Yuelu Mountain, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Peng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hunan University, Yuelu Mountain, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hunan University, Yuelu Mountain, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 72, Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
| | - Hemin Nie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hunan University, Yuelu Mountain, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China.
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10
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A general method to regenerate arrayed gold microelectrodes for label-free cell assay. Anal Biochem 2016; 516:57-60. [PMID: 27746100 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We developed a method to regenerate arrayed gold microelectrodes equipped for a commercial label-free cell analyzer. The regeneration process includes efficient treatment of the gold surface with trypsin (0.25%, v/v) digestion, rinsing with ethanol and deionized water and spinning steps. The proposed method ensured complete regeneration and repeated usage of gold microchips up to 4 times for the real-time electric impedance measurement of anti-cancer drug cytotoxicity.
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11
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WYGANOWSKA-SWIATKOWSKA MARZENA, KOTWICKA MALGORZATA, URBANIAK PAULINA, NOWAK AGNIESZKA, SKRZYPCZAK-JANKUN EWA, JANKUN JERZY. Clinical implications of the growth-suppressive effects of chlorhexidine at low and high concentrations on human gingival fibroblasts and changes in morphology. Int J Mol Med 2016; 37:1594-600. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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12
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MA H, YANG S, LU H, ZHANG Y. Bioassay-guided Separation of Anti-tumor Components from Euphorbia kansui by Means of Two-dimensional Preparative High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Real-time Cell Analysis. ANAL SCI 2016; 32:581-6. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.32.581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong MA
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University
| | - Shanshan YANG
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University
| | - Hong LU
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University
| | - Yaozhou ZHANG
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University
- Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine
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13
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MacLean AG, Walker E, Sahu GK, Skowron G, Marx P, von Laer D, Junghans RP, Braun SE. A novel real-time CTL assay to measure designer T-cell function against HIV Env(+) cells. J Med Primatol 2014; 43:341-8. [PMID: 25138734 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To increase the immunosurveillance in HIV infection, we used retroviral vectors expressing CD4-chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) to genetically modify autologous T cells and redirect CTL toward HIV. The CD4 extracellular domain targets envelope and the intracellular signaling domains activate T cells. The maC46 fusion inhibitor binds HIV and blocks viral replication. METHODS We stimulated rhesus PBMCs with antibodies to CD3/CD28 and cotransduced T cells with CD4-CAR and maC46 vectors. CD4-CAR-transduced T cells were added to Env(+) 293T cells at E:T of 1:1. Killing of target cells was measured as reduced impedance. RESULTS We observed gene expression in 60-70% of rhesus CD3(+) CD8(+) T cells with the individual vectors and in 35% of the cells with both vectors. CD4-CAR-transduced populations specifically killed Env(+) cells. CONCLUSIONS In these studies, we showed that designer T cells were redirected to kill Env(+) cells. Control of viremia without HAART would revolutionize treatment for HIV patients.
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Ramis G, Martínez-Alarcón L, Quereda JJ, Mendonça L, Majado MJ, Gomez-Coelho K, Mrowiec A, Herrero-Medrano JM, Abellaneda JM, Pallares FJ, Ríos A, Ramírez P, Muñoz A. Optimization of cytotoxicity assay by real-time, impedance-based cell analysis. Biomed Microdevices 2014; 15:985-95. [PMID: 23887614 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-013-9790-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents an optimized procedure for assessing an immune-mediated cytotoxicity, produced after the addition of human and baboon serum to transgenic porcine fibroblasts. This procedure is performed with the xCELLigence Real-Time Cell Analyzer (RTCA). The xCELLigence system measures the impedance variations in the culture media of a 96-well microelectronic plate, and shows the changes in cell number and morphology in a real-time plot. However, different factors need to be optimized before developing an RTCA assay. Thus, we studied the influence of several variables, such as the number of cells seeded, the time the cells were allowed to grow before the tests, the serum concentration and the addition of rabbit complement. The findings were confirmed by the WST-1 classical cytotoxicity test. The results showed that 7.5 × 10(3) cells seeded per well produced the adequate CI in 10 h. The area under the curve and the CImin versus concentration values showed a very high correlation index (r(2) = 0.966 and r(2) = 0.92 for the first 50 h after challenge, respectively), proving that CI variations are directly proportional to the quantity of serum added. The addition of complement resulted in lower CImin values. Therefore, both the cytolysis level with and without exogenous complement addition had to be assessed. There was a high correlation between the relative cytotoxicity assessed by WST-1 and the CI obtained by RTCA when exogenous complement was not added (r(2) = 0.827; p < 0.001). The correlation was average when rabbit complement was added (r(2) = 0.523; p = 0.046). In conclusion, culture conditions have an important influence on RTCA cytotoxicity assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ramis
- Departamento de Producción Animal. Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Excelencia Mare Nostrum, Murcia, 3738, Spain,
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15
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Gumulec J, Balvan J, Sztalmachova M, Raudenska M, Dvorakova V, Knopfova L, Polanska H, Hudcova K, Ruttkay-Nedecky B, Babula P, Adam V, Kizek R, Stiborova M, Masarik M. Cisplatin-resistant prostate cancer model: Differences in antioxidant system, apoptosis and cell cycle. Int J Oncol 2013; 44:923-33. [PMID: 24366574 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Differences in the antioxidant system, apoptotic mechanism and in cell cycle between prostatic cell lines could partially elucidate the development of cisplatin resistance. The aim of this study was to identify the most characteristic parameter for a particular cell line and/or a particular cisplatin treatment using a general regression model and to assess whether it is possible to use measured parameters as markers of cisplatin resistance. This study integrates the results of viability, antioxidant, flow cytometric and quantitative PCR assays in order to characterize the resistance of prostate cancer to cisplatin. Cell growth using metabolic- (MTT) and impedance-based assays, the expression of key cell death signaling proteins (p53, Bax and Bcl-2), cell cycle, activity of antioxidant system-related proteins (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and metallothionein) and free radical scavenging capacity assays [free radicals (FR), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), ABTS] were analyzed in the cell lines 22Rv1, PC-3 and PNT1A with respect to rising concentrations (0-150 µM) and different length of cisplatin treatment (12-72 h). The non-functional-p53 PC-3 cell line showed decreased BAX (p<0.05) and, in contrast to PNT1A and 22Rv1, no cisplatin-induced effects on cell cycle. All cell lines showed increasing levels of free radical scavenging activity by ABTS, FRAP and FR assays in a time- and dose-dependent manner (r>0.76 at p<0.001 for ABTS, FRAP and FR at p<0.001). PC-3 showed increased (p<0.05) levels of free radical scavenging activity by ABTS and FR methods. These findings, together with significantly elevated MT, decreased p53 and Bax indicate PC-3 to be cisplatin-resistant. The differences in the antioxidant system and apoptotic mechanisms in PC-3 cells may elucidate the development of cisplatin resistance and indicate that this cell line may be further studied as a model of cytostatic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaromir Gumulec
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Balvan
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Sztalmachova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Raudenska
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Dvorakova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucia Knopfova
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Polanska
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Hudcova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Petr Babula
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, CZ-612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rene Kizek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Stiborova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, CZ-128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Masarik
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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16
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Vetten MA, Tlotleng N, Tanner Rascher D, Skepu A, Keter FK, Boodhia K, Koekemoer LA, Andraos C, Tshikhudo R, Gulumian M. Label-free in vitro toxicity and uptake assessment of citrate stabilised gold nanoparticles in three cell lines. Part Fibre Toxicol 2013; 10:50. [PMID: 24103467 PMCID: PMC3853235 DOI: 10.1186/1743-8977-10-50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reliable in vitro toxicity testing is needed prior to the commencement of in vivo testing necessary for hazard identification and risk assessment of nanoparticles. In this study, the cytotoxicity and uptake of 14 nm and 20 nm citrate stabilised gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in the bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B, the Chinese hamster ovary cell line CHO, and the human embryonic kidney cell line HEK 293 were investigated. Methods Cytotoxicity of the AuNPs was assessed via traditional XTT-, LDH-, and ATP-based assays, followed by cell impedance studies. Dark-field imaging and hyperspectral imaging were used to confirm the uptake of AuNPs into the cells. Results Interference of the AuNPs with the XTT- and ATP-based assays was overcome through the use of cell impedance technology. AuNPs were shown to be relatively non-toxic using this methodology; nevertheless CHO cells were the most sensitive cell type with 20 nm AuNPs having the highest toxicity. Uptake of both 14 nm and 20 nm AuNPs was observed in all cell lines in a time- and cell type-dependent manner. Conclusions Using the cell impedance and dark-field hyperspectral imaging technologies, it was possible to study the toxicity of AuNPs in different cell lines and show that these cells could internalize AuNPs with their subsequent intracellular aggregation. It was also possible to show that this toxicity would not correlate with the level of uptake but it would correlate with cell-type and the size of the AuNPs. Therefore, these two label-free methodologies used in this study are suitable for in vitro studies on the effects of AuNPs, and could present themselves as appropriate and valuable methodologies for future nanoparticle toxicity and uptake studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Vetten
- Toxicology Section, National Institute for Occupational Health (NIOH), P O Box 4788, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa.
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Cimpan MR, Mordal T, Schölermann J, Allouni ZE, Pliquett U, Cimpan E. An impedance-based high-throughput method for evaluating the cytotoxicity of nanoparticles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/429/1/012026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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18
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Mendonça L, Martínez-Alarcón L, Ríos A, Ramis G, Quereda J, Abellaneda J, Saez-Acosta A, Herrero J, Muñoz A, Ramírez P, Parrilla P. Are Veterinary Students in Favour of Xenotransplantation? Comparative Opinion Study in a Brazilian and a Spanish University. Transplant Proc 2013; 45:1046-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Garcia SN, Gutierrez L, McNulty A. Real-time cellular analysis as a novel approach for in vitro cytotoxicity testing of medical device extracts. J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 101:2097-106. [PMID: 23412941 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Revised: 09/09/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Cytotoxicity measurements are often performed to evaluate the biocompatibility of medical device materials. Here, we describe the use of a real-time cell analyzer (RTCA) system for the investigation of biocompatibility of medical devices by comparing RTCA results to two distinct methods described in the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) guidelines. Mouse L-929 fibroblast proliferation was assessed every 15 min from 24 to 100 h during the pretreatment and postextract addition period. Simultaneously, we performed quantitative cytotoxicity analyses using water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) and qualitatively scored cytotoxicity by examining changes in morphology at 24-h intervals. The RTCA uses electrical impedance to measure cell viability quantified as a normalized cellular index (CI) which was converted in this study to a reactivity grade. Results from microscopic analyses were expressed as a reactivity grade, based on morphology as defined by the ISO 10993-5:2009. There was a clear correlation between addition of cytotoxic agents and, both, decreased normalized CI and concomitant cell layer destruction observed by microscopy. Results obtained from the colorimetric WST-1 assays also correlated with normalized CI at various time points tested. The results indicate that RTCA allows for automated and accurate assessment of biocompatibility of medical devices and biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra N Garcia
- Applied Sciences, Kinetic Concepts, Inc., San Antonio, Texas, USA.
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20
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Ramis G, Martínez-Alarcón L, Majado MJ, Quereda JJ, Mendonça L, Herrero-Medrano JM, Abellaneda JM, Ríos A, López-Navas A, Ramírez P, Muñoz A. Assessment of in vitro heparin complement regulation capacity during real-time cell analyzer antibody-mediated cytolysis assay: compatibility studies for pig-to-baboon xenotransplantation. Transplant Proc 2013; 44:1584-8. [PMID: 22841220 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of sodium heparin concentrations on antibody- and complement-mediated cytolysis by means of a real-time cell analyzer system (RTCA) investigating the complement regulation ability of heparin to reduce or prevent hyperacute in an in vitro model of pig-to-baboon xenotransplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fibroblasts isolated from the skin of two transgenic pigs were cultured in microelectronic 96-well plates for 9 hours. Then, we added 20 μL of normal sera from two healthy adult olive baboons (Papio anubis) or two volunteer healthy humans. Simultaneous cultures had added heparin at 3.5, 5, 7.5, 15, and 30 IU. Moreover, rabbit complement was added for the exogenous complement group (ExC) versus the other group only with the complement present in the sera as an endogenous complement group (EnC). Cellular cultures were monitored over 150 hours after challenge. With cellular index (CI) data recorded by the xCELLigence software system, we calculate area under the curve versus concentration (AUC) and minimum CI (CImin) versus concentration. RESULTS All cultures showed decreased CI after challenge with human or baboon sera. There was a high correlation for AUC (r(2) > 0.90) and CImin versus concentration (r(2) > 0.970) during the first 40 hours postchallenge among the EnC group, regardless of human or baboon sera. However, there was no correlation for AUC and CImin for the ExC group. There was a reduction of CImin related to increased heparin concentrations. CONCLUSIONS The addition of heparin did not reduce antibody- and complement-mediated cytolysis assessed in vitro by RTCA in pig-to-baboon compatibility assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ramis
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
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Benachour H, Bastogne T, Toussaint M, Chemli Y, Sève A, Frochot C, Lux F, Tillement O, Vanderesse R, Barberi-Heyob M. Real-time monitoring of photocytotoxicity in nanoparticles-based photodynamic therapy: a model-based approach. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48617. [PMID: 23144911 PMCID: PMC3492457 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles are widely suggested as targeted drug-delivery systems. In photodynamic therapy (PDT), the use of multifunctional nanoparticles as photoactivatable drug carriers is a promising approach for improving treatment efficiency and selectivity. However, the conventional cytotoxicity assays are not well adapted to characterize nanoparticles cytotoxic effects and to discriminate early and late cell responses. In this work, we evaluated a real-time label-free cell analysis system as a tool to investigate in vitro cyto- and photocyto-toxicity of nanoparticles-based photosensitizers compared with classical metabolic assays. To do so, we introduced a dynamic approach based on real-time cell impedance monitoring and a mathematical model-based analysis to characterize the measured dynamic cell response. Analysis of real-time cell responses requires indeed new modeling approaches able to describe suited use of dynamic models. In a first step, a multivariate analysis of variance associated with a canonical analysis of the obtained normalized cell index (NCI) values allowed us to identify different relevant time periods following nanoparticles exposure. After light irradiation, we evidenced discriminant profiles of cell index (CI) kinetics in a concentration- and light dose-dependent manner. In a second step, we proposed a full factorial design of experiments associated with a mixed effect kinetic model of the CI time responses. The estimated model parameters led to a new characterization of the dynamic cell responses such as the magnitude and the time constant of the transient phase in response to the photo-induced dynamic effects. These parameters allowed us to characterize totally the in vitro photodynamic response according to nanoparticle-grafted photosensitizer concentration and light dose. They also let us estimate the strength of the synergic photodynamic effect. This dynamic approach based on statistical modeling furnishes new insights for in vitro characterization of nanoparticles-mediated effects on cell proliferation with or without light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamanou Benachour
- Université de Lorraine, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), UMR 7039, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), UMR 7039, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Thierry Bastogne
- Université de Lorraine, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), UMR 7039, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), UMR 7039, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Inria, Biologie, Génétique et Statistiques (BIGS), UMR 7502, Institut Elie Cartan Nancy (IECN), Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Magali Toussaint
- Université de Lorraine, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), UMR 7039, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), UMR 7039, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Yosra Chemli
- Université de Lorraine, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), UMR 7039, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), UMR 7039, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Aymeric Sève
- CNRS, Laboratoire des Réactions et Génie des Procédés (LRGP), UPR 3349, Nancy, France
| | - Céline Frochot
- CNRS, Laboratoire des Réactions et Génie des Procédés (LRGP), UPR 3349, Nancy, France
- CNRS, GdR 3049 “Médicaments Photoactivables - Photochimiothérapie (PHOTOMED)”, France
| | - François Lux
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux Luminescents (LPCML), UMR 5620, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux Luminescents (LPCML), UMR 5620, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Tillement
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux Luminescents (LPCML), UMR 5620, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux Luminescents (LPCML), UMR 5620, Villeurbanne, Lyon, France
| | - Régis Vanderesse
- Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique Macromoléculaire (LCPM), UMR 7568, Nancy, France
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique Macromoléculaire (LCPM), UMR 7568, Nancy, France
| | - Muriel Barberi-Heyob
- Université de Lorraine, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), UMR 7039, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), UMR 7039, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, GdR 3049 “Médicaments Photoactivables - Photochimiothérapie (PHOTOMED)”, France
- Centre Alexis Vautrin, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer (CRLCC), Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- * E-mail:
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Benachour H, Sève A, Bastogne T, Frochot C, Vanderesse R, Jasniewski J, Miladi I, Billotey C, Tillement O, Lux F, Barberi-Heyob M. Multifunctional Peptide-conjugated hybrid silica nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy and MRI. Theranostics 2012; 2:889-904. [PMID: 23082101 PMCID: PMC3475218 DOI: 10.7150/thno.4754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an emerging theranostic modality for various cancer as well as non-cancer diseases. Its efficiency is mainly based on a selective accumulation of PDT and imaging agents in tumor tissue. The vascular effect is widely accepted to play a major role in tumor eradication by PDT. To promote this vascular effect, we previously demonstrated the interest of using an active- targeting strategy targeting neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), mainly over-expressed by tumor angiogenic vessels. For an integrated vascular-targeted PDT with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of cancer, we developed multifunctional gadolinium-based nanoparticles consisting of a surface-localized tumor vasculature targeting NRP-1 peptide and polysiloxane nanoparticles with gadolinium chelated by DOTA derivatives on the surface and a chlorin as photosensitizer. The nanoparticles were surface-functionalized with hydrophilic DOTA chelates and also used as a scaffold for the targeting peptide grafting. In vitro investigations demonstrated the ability of multifunctional nanoparticles to preserve the photophysical properties of the encapsulated photosensitizer and to confer photosensitivity to MDA-MB-231 cancer cells related to photosensitizer concentration and light dose. Using binding test, we revealed the ability of peptide-functionalized nanoparticles to target NRP-1 recombinant protein. Importantly, after intravenous injection of the multifunctional nanoparticles in rats bearing intracranial U87 glioblastoma, a positive MRI contrast enhancement was specifically observed in tumor tissue. Real-time MRI analysis revealed the ability of the targeting peptide to confer specific intratumoral retention of the multifunctional nanoparticles.
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Masarik M, Gumulec J, Hlavna M, Sztalmachova M, Babula P, Raudenska M, Pavkova-Goldbergova M, Cernei N, Sochor J, Zitka O, Ruttkay-Nedecky B, Krizkova S, Adam V, Kizek R. Monitoring of the prostate tumour cells redox state and real-time proliferation by novel biophysical techniques and fluorescent staining. Integr Biol (Camb) 2012; 4:672-84. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ib00157h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Masarik
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic. Fax: +420-5-4949-4340; Tel: +420-5-4949-3631
| | - Jaromir Gumulec
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic. Fax: +420-5-4949-4340; Tel: +420-5-4949-3631
| | - Marian Hlavna
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic. Fax: +420-5-4949-4340; Tel: +420-5-4949-3631
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackeho 1-3, CZ-612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Sztalmachova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic. Fax: +420-5-4949-4340; Tel: +420-5-4949-3631
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Babula
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palackeho 1-3, CZ-612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Raudenska
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic. Fax: +420-5-4949-4340; Tel: +420-5-4949-3631
| | - Monika Pavkova-Goldbergova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic. Fax: +420-5-4949-4340; Tel: +420-5-4949-3631
| | - Natalia Cernei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Sochor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Zitka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Branislav Ruttkay-Nedecky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sona Krizkova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rene Kizek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Zhang JD, Koerner C, Bechtel S, Bender C, Keklikoglou I, Schmidt C, Irsigler A, Ernst U, Sahin Ö, Wiemann S, Tschulena U. Time-resolved human kinome RNAi screen identifies a network regulating mitotic-events as early regulators of cell proliferation. PLoS One 2011; 6:e22176. [PMID: 21765947 PMCID: PMC3135613 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 06/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Analysis of biological processes is frequently performed with the help of phenotypic assays where data is mostly acquired in single end-point analysis. Alternative phenotypic profiling techniques are desired where time-series information is essential to the biological question, for instance to differentiate early and late regulators of cell proliferation in loss-of-function studies. So far there is no study addressing this question despite of high unmet interests, mostly due to the limitation of conventional end-point assaying technologies. We present the first human kinome screen with a real-time cell analysis system (RTCA) to capture dynamic RNAi phenotypes, employing time-resolved monitoring of cell proliferation via electrical impedance. RTCA allowed us to investigate the dynamics of phenotypes of cell proliferation instead of using conventional end-point analysis. By introducing data transformation with first-order derivative, i.e. the cell-index growth rate, we demonstrate this system suitable for high-throughput screenings (HTS). The screen validated previously identified inhibitor genes and, additionally, identified activators of cell proliferation. With the information of time kinetics available, we could establish a network of mitotic-event related genes to be among the first displaying inhibiting effects after RNAi knockdown. The time-resolved screen captured kinetics of cell proliferation caused by RNAi targeting human kinome, serving as a resource for researchers. Our work establishes RTCA technology as a novel robust tool with biological and pharmacological relevance amenable for high-throughput screening.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Stefan Wiemann
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail: (SW); (UT)
| | - Ulrich Tschulena
- Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- * E-mail: (SW); (UT)
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Atienzar FA, Tilmant K, Gerets HH, Toussaint G, Speeckaert S, Hanon E, Depelchin O, Dhalluin S. The use of real-time cell analyzer technology in drug discovery: defining optimal cell culture conditions and assay reproducibility with different adherent cellular models. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 16:575-87. [PMID: 21518825 DOI: 10.1177/1087057111402825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The use of impedance-based label-free technology applied to drug discovery is nowadays receiving more and more attention. Indeed, such a simple and noninvasive assay that interferes minimally with cell morphology and function allows one to perform kinetic measurements and to obtain information on proliferation, migration, cytotoxicity, and receptor-mediated signaling. The objective of the study was to further assess the usefulness of a real-time cell analyzer (RTCA) platform based on impedance in the context of quality control and data reproducibility. The data indicate that this technology is useful to determine the best coating and cellular density conditions for different adherent cellular models including hepatocytes, cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, and hybrid neuroblastoma/neuronal cells. Based on 31 independent experiments, the reproducibility of cell index data generated from HepG2 cells exposed to DMSO and to Triton X-100 was satisfactory, with a coefficient of variation close to 10%. Cell index data were also well reproduced when cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts were exposed to 21 compounds three times (correlation >0.91, p < 0.0001). The data also show that a cell index decrease is not always associated with cytotoxicity effects and that there are some confounding factors that can affect the analysis. Finally, another drawback is that the correlation analysis between cellular impedance measurements and classical toxicity endpoints has been performed on a limited number of compounds. Overall, despite some limitations, the RTCA technology appears to be a powerful and reliable tool in drug discovery because of the reasonable throughput, rapid and efficient performance, technical optimization, and cell quality control.
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Donor-graft compatibility tests in pig-to-primate xenotransplantation model: serum versus plasma in real-time cell analyzer trials. Transplant Proc 2011; 43:249-53. [PMID: 21335199 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Various strategies have been designed to assess in vitro donor-graft compatibility in pig-to-primate xenotransplantation models. Most of them are based on a cytolysis assessment by exposing donor tissue to host serum with investigations by flow cytometry, and photocolorimetric levels. The aim of this study was to analyze the difference in cytolysis produced by sera and plasma obtained using various anticoagulants, or containing high versus low levels of platelets. METHODS The cytolysis trials were performed using an xCELLigence real-time cell analyzer (RTCA) in a cell model involving transgenic pig fibroblasts exposed to sera (S) or plasma obtained using EDTA, Li-heparin, or Na-heparin in combination with plasma containing high versus low content of platelets. Samples were obtained from two baboons and five volunteer human donors. Evolution of fibroblast cell growth was assessed by RTCA as the cell index (CI). After 9 hours of growth, cells were exposed to 20 μL of each sample. The minimum CI (CImin), time to CImin (TCImin), and time to reach the CI observed before compound addition (Trec) were recorded for each microwell. RESULTS The lowest CImin, highest TCImin, and Trec observed for EDTA plasma showed significant differences from other samples (P < .001). DISCUSSION On the basis of this study, using the RTCA assay, heparinized plasma produced complement inhibition and with undervaluation of the cytolysis reaction. EDTA plasma produced total death of most of cultures. The most accurate sample matrix seems to be serum.
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