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Takada K, Suzukawa M, Igarashi S, Uehara Y, Watanabe S, Imoto S, Ishii M, Morio Y, Matsui H, Akishita M, Ohta K. Serum IgA augments adhesiveness of cultured lung microvascular endothelial cells and suppresses angiogenesis. Cell Immunol 2023; 393-394:104769. [PMID: 37741001 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2023.104769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is important in local immunity and is also abundant in the blood. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of serum IgA on cultured lung microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC-Ls), which are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory lung diseases. Serum IgA induced adhesion molecules and inflammatory cytokine production from HMVEC-Ls, and enhanced adhesion of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to HMVEC-Ls. In contrast, migration, proliferation, and tube formation of HMVEC-Ls were significantly suppressed by serum IgA. Experiments with siRNAs and western blotting revealed that two known IgA receptors, β1,4-galactosyltransferase 1 (b4GALT1) and asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 (ASGR1), and mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-kappa B pathways were partly involved in serum IgA-induced cytokine production by HMVEC-Ls. Collectively, serum IgA enhanced cytokine production and adhesiveness of HMVEC-L, with b4GALT1 and ASGR1 partially being involved, and suppressed angiogenesis. Thus, serum IgA may be targeted to treat inflammatory lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazufumi Takada
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8585, Japan; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Maho Suzukawa
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8585, Japan.
| | - Sayaka Igarashi
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8585, Japan
| | - Yuuki Uehara
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8585, Japan; Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Shizuka Watanabe
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8585, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Sahoko Imoto
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8585, Japan; Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Masaki Ishii
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Morio
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8585, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Matsui
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8585, Japan
| | - Masahiro Akishita
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Ken Ohta
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, 3-1-1 Takeoka, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8585, Japan; Japan Anti-Tuberculosis Association, JATA Fukujuji Hospital, 3-1-24 Matsuyama, Kiyose-City, Tokyo 204-8522, Japan.
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Jemelkova J, Stuchlova Horynova M, Kosztyu P, Zachova K, Zadrazil J, Galuszkova D, Takahashi K, Novak J, Raska M. GalNAc-T14 may Contribute to Production of Galactose-Deficient Immunoglobulin A1, the Main Autoantigen in IgA Nephropathy. Kidney Int Rep 2023; 8:1068-1075. [PMID: 37180502 PMCID: PMC10166743 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.02.1072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1) with galactose-deficient O-glycans (Gd-IgA1) play a key role in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Mucosal-tissue infections increase IL-6 production and, in patients with IgAN, are often associated with macroscopic hematuria. IgA1-secreting cell lines derived from the circulation of patients with IgAN, compared to those of healthy controls (HCs), produce more IgA1 that has O-glycans with terminal or sialylated N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc). GalNAc residues are added to IgA1 hinge region by some of the 20 GalNAc transferases, the O-glycosylation-initiating enzymes. Expression of GALNT2, encoding GalNAc-T2, the main enzyme initiating IgA1 O-glycosylation, is similar in cells derived from patients with IgAN and HCs. In this report, we extend our observations of GALNT14 overexpression in IgA1-producing cell lines from patients with IgAN. Methods GALNT14 expression was analyzed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with IgAN and from HCs. Moreover, the effect of GALNT14 overexpression or knock-down on Gd-IgA1 production in Dakiki cells was assessed. Results GALNT14 was overexpressed in PBMCs from patients with IgAN. IL-6 increased GALNT14 expression in PBMCs from patients with IgAN and HCs. We used IgA1-producing cell line Dakiki, a previously reported model of Gd-IgA1-producing cells, and showed that overexpression of GalNAc-T14 enhanced galactose deficiency of IgA1, whereas siRNA-mediated GalNAc-T14 knock-down reduced it. GalNAc-T14 was localized in trans-Golgi network, as expected. Conclusions Overexpression of GALNT14 due to inflammatory signals during mucosal infections may contribute to overproduction of Gd-IgA1 in patients with IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Jemelkova
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Milada Stuchlova Horynova
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Kosztyu
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Zachova
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Zadrazil
- Department of Internal Medicine III Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Galuszkova
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Kazuo Takahashi
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Jan Novak
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Milan Raska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Immunology, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update for 2019-2020. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022:e21806. [PMID: 36468275 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This review is the tenth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2020. Also included are papers that describe methods appropriate to analysis by MALDI, such as sample preparation techniques, even though the ionization method is not MALDI. The review is basically divided into three sections: (1) general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation, quantification and the use of arrays. (2) Applications to various structural types such as oligo- and polysaccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides and biopharmaceuticals, and (3) other areas such as medicine, industrial processes and glycan synthesis where MALDI is extensively used. Much of the material relating to applications is presented in tabular form. The reported work shows increasing use of incorporation of new techniques such as ion mobility and the enormous impact that MALDI imaging is having. MALDI, although invented nearly 40 years ago is still an ideal technique for carbohydrate analysis and advancements in the technique and range of applications show little sign of diminishing.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
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Ding L, Chen X, Cheng H, Zhang T, Li Z. Advances in IgA glycosylation and its correlation with diseases. Front Chem 2022; 10:974854. [PMID: 36238099 PMCID: PMC9552352 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.974854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) is the most abundant immunoglobulin synthesized in the human body. It has the highest concentration in the mucosa and is second only to IgG in serum. IgA plays an important role in mucosal immunity, and is the predominant antibody used to protect the mucosal surface from pathogens invasion and to maintain the homeostasis of intestinal flora. Moreover, The binding IgA to the FcαRI (Fc alpha Receptor I) in soluble or aggregated form can mediate anti- or pro- inflammatory responses, respectively. IgA is also known as one of the most heavily glycosylated antibodies among human immunoglobulins. The glycosylation of IgA has been shown to have a significant effect on its immune function. Variation in the glycoform of IgA is often the main characteration of autoimmune diseases such as IgA nephropathy (IgAN), IgA vasculitis (IgAV), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, compared with the confirmed glycosylation function of IgG, the pathogenic mechanism of IgA glycosylation involved in related diseases is still unclear. This paper mainly summarizes the recent reports on IgA’s glycan structure, its function, its relationship with the occurrence and development of diseases, and the potential application of glycoengineered IgA in clinical antibody therapeutics, in order to provide a potential reference for future research in this field.
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王 志, 盛 楷, 林 毅, 张 秋, 张 丽, 常 红. Serum levels of degraded monosaccharides in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2022; 24:894-898. [PMID: 36036128 PMCID: PMC9425874 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2202125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the serum levels of degraded monosaccharides in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) and to study the clinical significance of degraded monosaccharides in HSP. METHODS A prospective analysis was performed on 132 children who were diagnosed with HSP from September 2019 to January 2022, and 132 healthy children were enrolled as the control group. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the content of degraded monosaccharides in serum in both groups. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the efficiency of degraded monosaccharides for the diagnosis of HSP. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the HSP group had significantly higher serum levels of mannose, glucosamine, aminogalactose, and galactose (P<0.001). The four degraded monosaccharides had an area under the ROC curve of 0.919, 0.913, 0.832, and 0.932 respectively for the diagnosis of HSP (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Children with HSP have higher serum levels of mannose, glucosamine, aminogalactose, and galactose than the healthy population. The levels of degraded monosaccharides may have an important value for the diagnosis of HSP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - 丽娟 张
- 青岛大学附属医院系统生物医学中心,山东青岛266003
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Zhang S, Sun H, Zhang Z, Li M, Guo Z, Ye W, Cai G, Sun W, Li M. Diagnostic Potential of Plasma IgA1 O-Glycans in Discriminating IgA Nephropathy From Other Glomerular Diseases and Healthy Participants. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:871615. [PMID: 35445079 PMCID: PMC9014244 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.871615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Aberrant O-glycosylation of IgA1 plays an important role in IgA nephropathy pathogenesis. Previous proteomic studies analyzed O-glycans of the circulating IgA1 hinge region and found that the N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) and galactose numbers in the hinge region of IgA1 of patients with IgA nephropathy were lower than those in healthy participants. However, the diagnostic performance of the O-glycosylation traits in the hinge region of plasma IgA1 for IgA nephropathy remains unelucidated. The present study aimed to determine the difference in plasma IgA1 hinge region O-glycoforms among IgA nephropathy, non-IgA nephropathy disease controls, and healthy participants, and to further evaluate the diagnostic performance of plasma IgA1 glycosylation traits. Methods: Sixty-two patients with biopsy-proven primary IgA nephropathy, 30 age- and sex-matched non-IgA nephropathy disease controls (10 patients with membranous nephropathy, 10 with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and 10 with minimal change disease), and 30 healthy participants were prospectively recruited. Plasma galactose deficient-IgA1 levels were measured using a KM55 kit. Plasma IgA was extracted using IgA immunoaffinity beads. After de-N-glycosylation, reduction, alkylation, trypsin digestion, and O-glycopeptide enrichment via hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was applied to analyze the IgA1 O-glycosylation patterns and we derived the plasma IgA1 O-glycosylation traits. Results: Plasma IgA1 O-glycosylation patterns were significantly changed in IgA nephropathy patients compared to those with non-IgA nephropathy disease controls and healthy participants. The GalNAc number was lowest in IgA nephropathy patients. In addition, a similar result was observed for the galactose number in the IgA1 hinge region. These values showed moderate potential for discriminating between IgA nephropathy and the controls. When these values were combined, the area under the curve increased compared to when they were considered individually. When further adding a clinical indicator, the area under the curve of the GalNAc-galactose-IgA panel exceed 0.9 in discriminating IgA nephropathy from the controls. Conclusion: The amount of GalNAc and galactose in plasma IgA1 hinge region identified by glycoproteomics could be used as a diagnostic biomarker for IgA nephropathy. The panel containing GalNAc, galactose, and circulating IgA displayed excellent diagnostic performance and is promising for practical clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haidan Sun
- Core Facility of Instruments, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zejian Zhang
- Medical Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Menglin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengguang Guo
- Core Facility of Instruments, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenling Ye
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyan Cai
- Department of Nephrology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Mingxi Li, ; Wei Sun, ; Guangyan Cai,
| | - Wei Sun
- Core Facility of Instruments, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Mingxi Li, ; Wei Sun, ; Guangyan Cai,
| | - Mingxi Li
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Mingxi Li, ; Wei Sun, ; Guangyan Cai,
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IgA vasculitis with nephritis: update of pathogenesis with clinical implications. Pediatr Nephrol 2022; 37:719-733. [PMID: 33818625 PMCID: PMC8490493 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-021-04950-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
IgA vasculitis with nephritis (IgAVN) shares many pathogenetic features with IgA nephropathy (IgAN). The purpose of this review is to describe our current understanding of the pathogenesis of pediatric IgAVN, particularly as it relates to the four-hit hypothesis for IgAN. These individual steps, i.e., hits, in the pathogenesis of IgAN are (1) elevated production of IgA1 glycoforms with some O-glycans deficient in galactose (galactose-deficient IgA1; Gd-IgA1), (2) generation of circulating IgG autoantibodies specific for Gd-IgA1, (3) formation of pathogenic circulating Gd-IgA1-containing immune complexes, and (4) kidney deposition of the Gd-IgA1-IgG immune complexes from the circulation and induction of glomerular injury. Evidence supporting the four-hit hypothesis in the pathogenesis of pediatric IgAVN is detailed. The genetics, pediatric outcomes, and kidney histopathologic features and the impact of these findings on future treatment and potential biomarkers are discussed. In summary, the evidence points to the critical roles of Gd-IgA1-IgG immune complexes and complement activation in the pathogenesis of IgAVN. Future studies are needed to characterize the features of the immune and autoimmune responses that enable progression of IgA vasculitis to IgAVN.
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Lai L, Liu S, Azrad M, Hall S, Hao C, Novak J, Julian BA, Novak L. IgA Vasculitis with Nephritis in Adults: Histological and Clinical Assessment. J Clin Med 2021; 10:4851. [PMID: 34768371 PMCID: PMC8584405 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10214851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with IgA vasculitis (IgAV), an immune complex-mediated disease, may exhibit kidney involvement-IgAV with nephritis (IgAVN). The kidney-biopsy histopathologic features of IgAVN are similar to those of IgA nephropathy, but little is known about histopathologic disease severity based on the interval between purpura onset and diagnostic kidney biopsy. We assessed kidney histopathology and clinical and laboratory data in a cohort of adult patients with IgAVN (n = 110). The cases were grouped based on the interval between the onset of purpura and kidney biopsy: Group 1 (G1, <1 month, n = 14), Group 2 (G2, 1-6 months, n = 58), and Group 3 (G3, >6 months, n = 38). Glomerular leukocytes were more common in G1 than in the other groups (p = 0.0008). The proportion of neutrophils among peripheral-blood leukocytes was the highest in the patients biopsied within a month after onset of purpura (G1: 71 ± 8%). In the patients with an interval >6 months, the neutrophil proportion was lower, 60%. Moreover, the glomerular mesangial proliferation score correlated with the serum total IgA concentration (p = 0.0056). In conclusion, IgAVN patients biopsied <1 month from purpura onset showed an elevated percentage of blood neutrophils and glomerular leukocytes, consistent with an acute-onset inflammatory reaction. In all IgAVN patients, the mesangial proliferation score correlated with the serum IgA level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Lai
- Division of Nephrology, Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Shanghai 200040, China; (L.L.); (S.L.); (C.H.)
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (S.H.); (J.N.)
| | - Shaojun Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Shanghai 200040, China; (L.L.); (S.L.); (C.H.)
| | - Maria Azrad
- Department of Nutrition, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Stacy Hall
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (S.H.); (J.N.)
| | - Chuanming Hao
- Division of Nephrology, Fudan University Huashan Hospital, Shanghai 200040, China; (L.L.); (S.L.); (C.H.)
| | - Jan Novak
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (S.H.); (J.N.)
| | - Bruce A. Julian
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Lea Novak
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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Yu G, Zhang Y, Meng B, Xie X, Wang Z, Ying W, Lv J, Zhang H. O-glycoforms of polymeric IgA1 in the plasma of patients with IgA nephropathy are associated with pathological phenotypes. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2021; 37:33-41. [PMID: 34152412 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfab204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND IgA1 O-glycosylation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). However, variations in IgA1 O-glycoforms have not been explored. We aimed to investigate the IgA1 O-glycoforms in the hinge region (HR) of polymeric IgA1 and then evaluate the association between IgA1 O-glycoforms and crescent formation in IgAN. METHODS The discovery cohort (cohort 1) comprised 11 crescentic IgAN patients, 10 noncrescentic IgAN patients and 10 healthy controls, and the validation cohort (cohort 2) comprised 11 crescentic IgAN patients, 9 noncrescentic IgAN patients, and 9 healthy controls. A total of 143 IgAN patients with different crescent percentages (cohort 3) were also included. Polymeric IgA1 was purified from the plasma of the participants. The variation in O-glycoforms was evaluated by estimating the molecular weights of IgA1 hinge glycopeptides using reversed-phase liquid chromatography (LC) and tandem mass spectrometry under electron-transfer/higher-energy collision dissociation (EThcD) fragmentation mode. RESULTS In discovery cohort (cohort 1), the numbers of GalNAc bound to one HR were lower in IgAN patients. The proportions of GalNAc3 (defined as O-glycans bound to one HR at 3 sites) and GalNAc4 were highest in crescentic IgAN patients followed by noncrescentic IgAN patients and were lowest in healthy controls (GalNAc 3: 9.92%±3.37% vs 6.65%±1.53% vs 4.05%±1.24%; P < 0.001; GalNAc4: 45.91%±4.75% vs 41.13%±2.95% vs 40.98%±2.95%; P = 0.004). The proportions of GalNAc5 and GalNAc6 were lowest in crescentic IgAN patients followed by noncrescentic IgAN patients and were highest in healthy controls (GalNAc5: 50.15%±4.27% vs 47.92%±4.09% vs 45.87%±3.79%, P = 0.028; GalNAc6: 6.58%±2.53% vs 6.04%±1.35% vs 4.65%±2.27%; P = 0.034). These results were consistent in the validation cohort (cohort 2); In another cohort with 143 patients with different crescents percentage (cohort 3), the numbers of GalNAc in polymeric IgA1 decreased with increasing percentage of crescents. CONCLUSIONS The numbers of GalNAc in IgA1 HRs were lower in IgAN patients, especially in crescentic IgAN patients, and may be associated with a severe IgAN phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guizhen Yu
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, China.,Peking University Institute of Nephrology, China.,Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China.,Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, China.,Research Units of Diagnosis and Treatment of Immune-mediated Kidney Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China.,Key Lab of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, MOH, West China-Washington Mitochondria and Metabolism Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bo Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xinfang Xie
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, China.,Peking University Institute of Nephrology, China.,Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China.,Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, China.,Research Units of Diagnosis and Treatment of Immune-mediated Kidney Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Zi Wang
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, China.,Peking University Institute of Nephrology, China.,Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China.,Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, China.,Research Units of Diagnosis and Treatment of Immune-mediated Kidney Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Wantao Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jicheng Lv
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, China.,Peking University Institute of Nephrology, China.,Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China.,Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, China.,Research Units of Diagnosis and Treatment of Immune-mediated Kidney Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
| | - Hong Zhang
- Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, China.,Peking University Institute of Nephrology, China.,Key Laboratory of Renal Disease, Ministry of Health of China.,Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease Prevention and Treatment (Peking University), Ministry of Education, China.,Research Units of Diagnosis and Treatment of Immune-mediated Kidney Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
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Ding L, Fu X, Guo W, Cheng Y, Chen X, Zhang K, Zhu G, Yang F, Yu H, Chen Z, Wang X, Wang X, Wang X, Li Z. Pregnancy-associated decrease of Siaα2-3Gal-linked glycans on salivary glycoproteins affects their binding ability to avian influenza virus. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 184:339-348. [PMID: 34097968 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Salivary glycoproteins are known as an important barrier to inhibit influenza infection by presenting sialic acid (Sia) ligands that can bind with viral hemagglutination. Here, to further understand why pregnant women are more vulnerable to avian influenza virus (AIV), we investigated the alteration of protein sialylation in the saliva of women during pregnancy and postpartum, and its impact on the saliva binding affinity to AIV. Totally 1200 saliva samples were collected, the expression levels of terminal α2-3/6-linked Sia on salivary proteins were tested and validated, and the binding activities of salivary proteins were assessed against 3 strains of AIV and the H1N1 vaccine. Result showed that the expression of terminal α2-3-linked Sia in the saliva of women decreased dramatically during pregnancy compared to that of non-pregnancy control, especially for women in the second or third trimester (fold change = 0.53 and 0.37, p < 0.001). And their salivary protein binding ability to AIV declined accordingly. The variation of terminal α2-3-linked Sia on salivary MUC5B and IgA was consistent with the above results. This study indicates that the decrease of terminal α2-3-linked Sia on salivary glycoproteins of pregnant women affects their binding ability to AIV, which may provide new insights into AIV prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ding
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinle Fu
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Yimin Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiangqin Chen
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guang Zhu
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fuying Yang
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hanjie Yu
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xilong Wang
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiurong Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xi'an Honghui Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
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Hansen AL, Reily C, Novak J, Renfrow MB. Immunoglobulin A Glycosylation and Its Role in Disease. EXPERIENTIA SUPPLEMENTUM (2012) 2021; 112:433-477. [PMID: 34687019 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-76912-3_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Human IgA is comprised of two subclasses, IgA1 and IgA2. Monomeric IgA (mIgA), polymeric IgA (pIgA), and secretory IgA (SIgA) are the main molecular forms of IgA. The production of IgA rivals all other immunoglobulin isotypes. The large quantities of IgA reflect the fundamental roles it plays in immune defense, protecting vulnerable mucosal surfaces against invading pathogens. SIgA dominates mucosal surfaces, whereas IgA in circulation is predominately monomeric. All forms of IgA are glycosylated, and the glycans significantly influence its various roles, including antigen binding and the antibody effector functions, mediated by the Fab and Fc portions, respectively. In contrast to its protective role, the aberrant glycosylation of IgA1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, such as IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and IgA vasculitis with nephritis (IgAVN). Furthermore, detailed characterization of IgA glycosylation, including its diverse range of heterogeneity, is of emerging interest. We provide an overview of the glycosylation observed for each subclass and molecular form of IgA as well as the range of heterogeneity for each site of glycosylation. In many ways, the role of IgA glycosylation is in its early stages of being elucidated. This chapter provides an overview of the current knowledge and research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa L Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Colin Reily
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jan Novak
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Matthew B Renfrow
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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12
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Fang X, Lu M, Xia Z, Gao C, Cao Y, Wang R, Wang M, Wu H. Use of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to perform urinary proteomic analysis of children with IgA nephropathy and Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis. J Proteomics 2020; 230:103979. [PMID: 32932007 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The emerging technology of urinary proteomics has become an efficient biological approach for identifying biomarkers and characterizing pathogenesis in renal involvement. In this study, we attempted to elucidate the relationship between IgAN and HSPN in children, employing LC-MS/MS to perform urinary proteomic analyses using the DIA method. Early-morning spot urine was collected from patients with biopsy-proven IgAN (n = 19) and HSPN (n = 19) prior to treatment and renal biopsy in the Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China, and did healthy volunteers (n = 14), from June 2018 to December 2019. Two hundred seventy-six urinary proteins and 125 urinary proteins were determined to be differentially expressed in children with IgAN (n = 4) and HSPN (n = 4), respectively, compared to the urinary proteins of healthy children (n = 4) (p < 0.05). GO analysis demonstrated that the differentially expressed proteins of the two groups, which were located in the extracellular matrix and cell membrane, were primarily involved in biological processes, including metabolic processes, immune system processes, cellular adhesion, cell proliferation, signaling, and biological regulation. KEGG analysis revealed that the differentially expressed proteins of the two groups were associated with cell adhesion molecules, ECM-receptor interactions, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, the complement and coagulation cascades, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, cholesterol metabolism, and platelet activation. The target proteins (alpha-1B-glycoprotein (A1BG) and afamin (AFM)), which participated in the complement and coagulation cascades and the regulation of complement activation, were further investigated in the independent validation cohort by ELISA. These proteins were significantly increased in children with IgAN (n = 15) and HSPN (n = 15) compared with the proteins observed in healthy controls (n = 10, P < 0.05). The validated results were consistent with the mass spectrometry results. SIGNIFICANCE: IgAN and HSPN both result from the glomerular deposition of abnormally glycosylated IgA1 with mesangial proliferative changes, and both diseases are common glomerulopathies in the pediatric population that are believed to be correlated. Interestingly, our data, by combining urinary proteomic analyses, showed that several uniform enrichment pathways played an important role in the progression of IgAN and HSPN, suggesting that we might reduce the renal involvement of the two diseases in children through these pathways. The same urinary proteins along these pathways were observed to be differentially expressed in children with IgAN and HSPN, implying that these proteins may be potential biomarkers to identify the two diseases. Future studies examining larger cohorts are warranted to confirm the validity of our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mei Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518038, China
| | - Zhengkun Xia
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Chunlin Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yan Cao
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Institute, the Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing 210004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ren Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meiqiu Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Heyan Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, China
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13
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Fang X, Wu H, Lu M, Cao Y, Wang R, Wang M, Gao C, Xia Z. Urinary proteomics of Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis in children using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Clin Proteomics 2020; 17:10. [PMID: 32190014 PMCID: PMC7066733 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-020-09274-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) is the principal cause of morbidity and mortality in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP). However, the criteria for risk assessment currently used is not satisfactory. The urine proteome may provide important clues to indicate the development of HSPN. METHODS Here, we detected and compared the urine proteome of patients with HSPN and healthy controls by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in the data-independent acquisition (DIA) mode. The differentially expressed proteins were analysed by gene ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. For validation, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to analyse the selected proteins. RESULTS A total of 125 proteins (29 upregulated and 96 downregulated) were found to be differentially expressed in children with HSPN compared with the controls. Forty-one proteins were predicted to have direct interactions. The enriched pathways mainly included focal adhesion, cell adhesion molecules, the PI3K-Akt signalling pathway, ECM-receptor interactions and so on. Cell adhesion related to the pathogenesis of HSPN was the main biological process identified in this study. The decrease in two proteins (integrin beta-1 and tenascin) was validated by ELISA. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides new insights into the assessment of HSPN progression in children, as well as new potential biomarkers. The data confirm the value of the urinary proteome in capturing the emergence of HSPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, the First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, No. 305 Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Anqing Medical College, Anqing, 246052 Anhui China
| | - Heyan Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, the First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, No. 305 Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu China
| | - Mei Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, the First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, No. 305 Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu China
| | - Yan Cao
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Institute, Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, 210004 Jiangsu China
| | - Ren Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, the First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, No. 305 Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu China
| | - Meiqiu Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, the First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, No. 305 Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu China
| | - Chunlin Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, the First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, No. 305 Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu China
| | - Zhengkun Xia
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinling Hospital, the First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, No. 305 Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing, 210002 Jiangsu China
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14
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Cummings RD. "Stuck on sugars - how carbohydrates regulate cell adhesion, recognition, and signaling". Glycoconj J 2019; 36:241-257. [PMID: 31267247 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-019-09876-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We have explored the fundamental biological processes by which complex carbohydrates expressed on cellular glycoproteins and glycolipids and in secretions of cells promote cell adhesion and signaling. We have also explored processes by which animal pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites adhere to glycans of animal cells and initiate disease. Glycans important in cell signaling and adhesion, such as key O-glycans, are essential for proper animal development and cellular differentiation, but they are also involved in many pathogenic processes, including inflammation, tumorigenesis and metastasis, and microbial and parasitic pathogenesis. The overall hypothesis guiding these studies is that glycoconjugates are recognized and bound by a growing class of proteins called glycan-binding proteins (GBPs or lectins) expressed by all types of cells. There is an incredible variety and diversity of GBPs in animal cells involved in binding N- and O-glycans, glycosphingolipids, and proteoglycan/glycosaminoglycans. We have specifically studied such molecular determinants recognized by selectins, galectins, and many other C-type lectins, involved in leukocyte recruitment to sites of inflammation in human tissues, lymphocyte trafficking, adhesion of human viruses to human cells, structure and immunogenicity of glycoproteins on the surfaces of human parasites. We have also explored the molecular basis of glycoconjugate biosynthesis by exploring the enzymes and molecular chaperones required for correct protein glycosylation. From these studies opportunities for translational biology have arisen, involving production of function-blocking antibodies, anti-glycan specific antibodies, and synthetic glycoconjugates, e.g. glycosulfopeptides, that specifically are recognized by GBPs. This invited short review is based in part on my presentation for the IGO Award 2019 given by the International Glycoconjugate Organization in Milan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D Cummings
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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