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Abeysinghe P, Turner N, Peiris H, Vaswani K, Cameron N, McGhee N, Logan J, Mitchell MD. Differentially Expressed Extracellular Vesicle, Exosome and Non-Exosome miRNA Profile in High and Low Tick-Resistant Beef Cattle. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:780424. [PMID: 34976862 PMCID: PMC8718928 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.780424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy tick burden on beef cattle account for huge economic losses globally, with an estimated value of US$22-30 billion per annum. In Australia, ticks cost the northern beef industry approximately A$170-200 million. Methods to evaluate and predict tick resistance would therefore be of great value to the global cattle trade. Exosomes (EX) are small extracellular vesicles (EVs) of ~30-150nm diameter and have gained popularity for their diagnostic and prognostic potential. EX contain, among other biomolecules, various types of RNA including micro-RNA (miRNA) and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA). MiRNA specifically have been validated as therapeutic biomarkers as they perform regulatory functions at the post-transcriptional level and are differentially expressed between divergent groups. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the miRNA profiles of EV and fractionated exosomal samples of high and low tick-resistant beef cattle to highlight potential miRNA biomarkers of tick resistance. Cows (n = 3/group) were classified into high or low tick resistant groups according to a novel scoring system. EVs and EX were isolated and fractionated from the blood plasma of high and low tick resistant cattle using established isolation and enrichment protocols. The resultant EX and non-EX samples were processed for next generation miRNA sequencing. Offspring of the cows in each high and low tick resistant group underwent the same processing for blood plasma EX, non-EX and miRNA analysis to evaluate the heritability of miRNA associated with tick resistance. A total of 2631 miRNAs were identified in EX and non-EX fractionated samples from high and low tick-resistant beef cattle. MiR-449a was highly expressed in maternal high tick-resistant EX samples. Of these, 174 were novel miRNAs, and 10 were differentially expressed (DE) (FDR < 0.05). These 10 DE miRNAs were also present in EVs, and three miRNAs were highly expressed: miR-2419-3p, miR-7861-3p and miR-2372-5p. Although 196 novel miRNAs were identified in fractionated samples of offspring, no miRNA were differentially expressed in these animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pevindu Abeysinghe
- Centre for Children’s Health Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, The Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Natalie Turner
- Centre for Children’s Health Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, The Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Hassendrini Peiris
- Centre for Children’s Health Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, The Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kanchan Vaswani
- Centre for Children’s Health Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, The Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Nick Cameron
- Nindooinbah Pastoral Company, Nindooinbah, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Jayden Logan
- Centre for Children’s Health Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, The Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Murray D. Mitchell
- Centre for Children’s Health Research, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, The Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Bovine Babesiosis in Turkey: Impact, Current Gaps, and Opportunities for Intervention. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9121041. [PMID: 33322637 PMCID: PMC7763958 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9121041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine babesiosis is a global tick-borne disease that causes important cattle losses and has potential zoonotic implications. The impact of bovine babesiosis in Turkey remains poorly characterized, but several Babesia spp., including B. bovis, B. bigemina, and B. divergens, among others and competent tick vectors, except Rhipicephalus microplus, have been recently identified in the country. Bovine babesiosis has been reported in all provinces but is more prevalent in central and highly humid areas in low and medium altitude regions of the country housing approximately 70% of the cattle population. Current control measures include acaricides and babesicidal drugs, but not live vaccines. Despite the perceived relevant impact of bovine babesiosis in Turkey, basic research programs focused on developing in vitro cultures of parasites, point-of-care diagnostic methods, vaccine development, “omics” analysis, and gene manipulation techniques of local Babesia strains are scarce. Additionally, no effective and coordinated control efforts managed by a central animal health authority have been established to date. Development of state-of-the-art research programs in bovine babesiosis to address current gaps in knowledge and implementation of long-term plans to control the disease will surely result in important economic, nutritional, and public health benefits for the country and the region.
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Oliva Chávez AS, Herron MJ, Nelson CM, Felsheim RF, Oliver JD, Burkhardt NY, Kurtti TJ, Munderloh UG. Mutational analysis of gene function in the Anaplasmataceae: Challenges and perspectives. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2018; 10:482-494. [PMID: 30466964 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Mutational analysis is an efficient approach to identifying microbial gene function. Until recently, lack of an effective tool for Anaplasmataceae yielding reproducible results has created an obstacle to functional genomics, because surrogate systems, e.g., ectopic gene expression and analysis in E. coli, may not provide accurate answers. We chose to focus on a method for high-throughput generation of mutants via random mutagenesis as opposed to targeted gene inactivation. In our search for a suitable mutagenesis tool, we considered attributes of the Himar1 transposase system, i.e., random insertion into AT dinucleotide sites, which are abundant in Anaplasmataceae, and lack of requirement for specific host factors. We chose the Anaplasma marginale tr promoter, and the clinically irrelevant antibiotic spectinomycin for selection, and in addition successfully implemented non-antibiotic selection using an herbicide resistance gene. These constructs function reasonably well in Anaplasma phagocytophilum harvested from human promyelocyte HL-60 cells or Ixodes scapularis tick cells. We describe protocols developed in our laboratory, and discuss what likely makes them successful. What makes Anaplasmataceae electroporation competent is unknown and manipulating electroporation conditions has not improved mutational efficiency. A concerted effort is needed to resolve remaining problems that are inherent to the obligate intracellular bacteria. Finally, using this approach, we describe the discovery and characterization of a putative secreted effector necessary for Ap survival in HL-60 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela S Oliva Chávez
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Michael J Herron
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Curtis M Nelson
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | | | - Jonathan D Oliver
- School of Public Health, Division of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Timothy J Kurtti
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
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Rojas-Martínez C, Rodríguez-Vivas RI, Millán JVF, Bautista-Garfias CR, Castañeda-Arriola RO, Lira-Amaya JJ, Urióstegui PV, Carrasco JJO, Martínez JAÁ. Bovine babesiosis: Cattle protected in the field with a frozen vaccine containing Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina cultured in vitro with a serum-free medium. Parasitol Int 2017; 67:190-195. [PMID: 29155165 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
An attenuated live vaccine containing Babesia bovis and B. bigemina cultured in vitro with a serum-free medium was assessed for its clinical protection conferred of naïve cattle, under natural tick-challenge in a high endemicity zone to Babesia spp. Three groups of six animals were treated as follows: group I (GI) received a vaccine derived from parasites cultured with a free-serum medium; group II (GII) were immunized with the standard vaccine, with parasites cultured in a medium supplemented with 40% (v/v) bovine serum; and a control group (GIII) inoculated with non-infected bovine erythrocytes. Inocula were administered by IM route. Experimental animals were kept during 23days after vaccination in a cattle farm free of ticks and Babesia spp. Thereafter, cattle were moved to a high endemicity farm for natural exposure to Babesia spp. transmitted by Rhipicephalus microplus ticks. Protection against clinical babesiosis was observed in bovines belonging to GI (100%) and GII (83.33%), while the control animals (GIII) were not protected, and showed severe clinical signs, closely related to babesiosis, were observed for at least three consecutive days during the challenge. These were fever, anemia, which were measured simultaneously, and circulating parasites were detected by optic light microscopy. All cattle showed B. bovis and B. bigemina in stained blood films during the challenge; B. bovis antibody titers were higher than those to B. bigemina in GI and GII, and lower titers were determined in GIII. The protective capacity of the vaccine derived from B. bovis and B. bigemina cultured in vitro in a serum-free medium was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Rojas-Martínez
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Parasitología Veterinaria (CENID-PAVET), Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico; Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, FMVZ, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, km 15.5 Carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil, C.P. 97100, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Roger Iván Rodríguez-Vivas
- Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, FMVZ, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, km 15.5 Carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil, C.P. 97100, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Julio Vicente Figueroa Millán
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Parasitología Veterinaria (CENID-PAVET), Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Carlos Ramón Bautista-Garfias
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Parasitología Veterinaria (CENID-PAVET), Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico
| | | | - José Juan Lira-Amaya
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Parasitología Veterinaria (CENID-PAVET), Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Patricia Vargas Urióstegui
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Parasitología Veterinaria (CENID-PAVET), Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Juan José Ojeda Carrasco
- Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Carretera Amecameca-Ayapango Km. 2.5, Amecameca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Jesús Antonio Álvarez Martínez
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Parasitología Veterinaria (CENID-PAVET), Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Jiutepec, Morelos, Mexico.
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Wang HH, Corson MS, Grant WE, Teel PD. Quantitative models of Rhipicephalus
(Boophilus
) ticks: historical review and synthesis. Ecosphere 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Hsuan Wang
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences; Texas A&M University; College Station Texas 77843 USA
| | | | - William E. Grant
- Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences; Texas A&M University; College Station Texas 77843 USA
| | - Pete D. Teel
- Department of Entomology; Texas A&M AgriLife Research; College Station Texas 77843 USA
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A review of reverse vaccinology approaches for the development of vaccines against ticks and tick borne diseases. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2015; 7:573-85. [PMID: 26723274 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2015.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The field of reverse vaccinology developed as an outcome of the genome sequence revolution. Following the introduction of live vaccinations in the western world by Edward Jenner in 1798 and the coining of the phrase 'vaccine', in 1881 Pasteur developed a rational design for vaccines. Pasteur proposed that in order to make a vaccine that one should 'isolate, inactivate and inject the microorganism' and these basic rules of vaccinology were largely followed for the next 100 years leading to the elimination of several highly infectious diseases. However, new technologies were needed to conquer many pathogens which could not be eliminated using these traditional technologies. Thus increasingly, computers were used to mine genome sequences to rationally design recombinant vaccines. Several vaccines for bacterial and viral diseases (i.e. meningococcus and HIV) have been developed, however the on-going challenge for parasite vaccines has been due to their comparatively larger genomes. Understanding the immune response is important in reverse vaccinology studies as this knowledge will influence how the genome mining is to be conducted. Vaccine candidates for anaplasmosis, cowdriosis, theileriosis, leishmaniasis, malaria, schistosomiasis, and the cattle tick have been identified using reverse vaccinology approaches. Some challenges for parasite vaccine development include the ability to address antigenic variability as well the understanding of the complex interplay between antibody, mucosal and/or T cell immune responses. To understand the complex parasite interactions with the livestock host, there is the limitation where algorithms for epitope mining using the human genome cannot directly be adapted for bovine, for example the prediction of peptide binding to major histocompatibility complex motifs. As the number of genomes for both hosts and parasites increase, the development of new algorithms for pan-genomic mining will continue to impact the future of parasite and ricketsial (and other tick borne pathogens) disease vaccine development.
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Brioudes A, Warner J, Hedlefs R, Gummow B. A review of domestic animal diseases within the Pacific Islands region. Acta Trop 2014; 132:23-38. [PMID: 24388793 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The Pacific Island countries and territories (PICTs) are reported to be free of the most serious infectious livestock diseases which are prevalent in other parts of the globe, such as Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza, Foot and Mouth Disease or Rabies. Yet there is a lack of scientifically based evidence to confirm this animal health status. This paper reviews what has been published on diseases of domestic animals in the Pacific Islands region with a particular focus on data from the last 20 years (1992-2012). Relevant published papers were identified by a computerized literature search of two electronic databases (PubMed and Web of Knowledge). The latest reports on the animal health situation submitted by the PICTs to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) were accessed on the World Animal Health Information Database (WAHID) interface and included in this review. Additionally, paper searches of resources were undertaken at the library of the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) in Fiji to retrieve any relevant grey literature for this review. The study eligibility criteria included qualitative or quantitative information on any disease (bacterial, viral, parasitic and other health disorders) affecting domestic terrestrial animals (mammals, reptiles, birds and bees) in any of the 22 PICTs members of the SPC. A total of 158 eligible references were retrieved of which only 77 (48.7%) were published since 1992 and analysed in more details. One hundred and one diseases and pathogens were reported on for bee, bird, carabao, cat, cattle, crocodile, deer, dog, donkey, goat, horse, pig, pigeon, poultry and sheep in the Oceania region and in 17 PICTs in particular. The paper gives information about known animal diseases, their reported prevalence and diseases not reported within the Pacific Islands region. The study found retrieved literature on animal diseases in PICTs was scarce and no longer up to date. There is a need to improve the published knowledge on the current animal disease status in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Brioudes
- School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Molecular Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, QLD, Australia.
| | - Jeffrey Warner
- School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Molecular Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, QLD, Australia
| | - Robert Hedlefs
- School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Molecular Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, QLD, Australia
| | - Bruce Gummow
- School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Molecular Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, QLD, Australia; Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Hüe T, Graille M, Mortelecque A, Desoutter D, Delathière JM, Marchal C, Teurlai M, Barré N. Diagnostic methods used to monitor an outbreak of babesiosis (Babesia bovis) in a herd of feral cattle in New Caledonia. Aust Vet J 2013; 91:254-8. [DOI: 10.1111/avj.12059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Hüe
- Institut Agronomique néo-Calédonien/Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (IAC/CIRAD); BP 73; 98890; Païta; New Caledonia; France
| | - M Graille
- Service des Laboratoires Officiels Vétérinaires Agroalimentaires et Phytosanitaires de Nouvelle-Calédonie; Direction des Affaires Vétérinaires Alimentaires et Rurales de Nouvelle-Calédonie; Station zootechnique de Port-Laguerre; Païta; New Caledonia; France
| | - A Mortelecque
- Service des Laboratoires Officiels Vétérinaires Agroalimentaires et Phytosanitaires de Nouvelle-Calédonie; Direction des Affaires Vétérinaires Alimentaires et Rurales de Nouvelle-Calédonie; Station zootechnique de Port-Laguerre; Païta; New Caledonia; France
| | - D Desoutter
- Service des Laboratoires Officiels Vétérinaires Agroalimentaires et Phytosanitaires de Nouvelle-Calédonie; Direction des Affaires Vétérinaires Alimentaires et Rurales de Nouvelle-Calédonie; Station zootechnique de Port-Laguerre; Païta; New Caledonia; France
| | - JM Delathière
- Service d'Inspection Vétérinaire; Alimentaire et Phytosanitaire; Direction des Affaires Vétérinaires Alimentaires et Rurales de Nouvelle-Calédonie; Nouméa Cedex; New Caledonia; France
| | - C Marchal
- Service des Laboratoires Officiels Vétérinaires Agroalimentaires et Phytosanitaires de Nouvelle-Calédonie; Direction des Affaires Vétérinaires Alimentaires et Rurales de Nouvelle-Calédonie; Station zootechnique de Port-Laguerre; Païta; New Caledonia; France
| | - M Teurlai
- UMR LOCEAN et ESPACE-DEV; Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD); Nouméa Cedex; New Caledonia; France
| | - N Barré
- Institut Agronomique néo-Calédonien/Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (IAC/CIRAD); BP 73; 98890; Païta; New Caledonia; France
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Acaricidal activity of essential oils from five endemic conifers of New Caledonia on the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Parasitol Res 2013; 112:1379-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-012-3268-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Galay RL, Maeda H, Aung KM, Umemiya-Shirafuji R, Xuan X, Igarashi I, Tsuji N, Tanaka T, Fujisaki K. Anti-babesial activity of a potent peptide fragment derived from longicin of Haemaphysalis longicornis. Trop Anim Health Prod 2011; 44:343-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-011-0027-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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