1
|
Carriquiriborde F, Martin Aispuro P, Ambrosis N, Zurita E, Bottero D, Gaillard ME, Castuma C, Rudi E, Lodeiro A, Hozbor DF. Pertussis Vaccine Candidate Based on Outer Membrane Vesicles Derived From Biofilm Culture. Front Immunol 2021; 12:730434. [PMID: 34603306 PMCID: PMC8479151 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.730434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMV) derived from Bordetella pertussis-the etiologic agent of the resurgent disease called pertussis-are safe and effective in preventing bacterial colonization in the lungs of immunized mice. Vaccine formulations containing those OMV are capable of inducing a mixed Th1/Th2/Th17 profile, but even more interestingly, they may induce a tissue-resident memory immune response. This immune response is recommended for the new generation of pertussis-vaccines that must be developed to overcome the weaknesses of current commercial acellular vaccines (second-generation of pertussis vaccine). The third-generation of pertussis vaccine should also deal with infections caused by bacteria that currently circulate in the population and are phenotypically and genotypically different [in particular those deficient in the expression of pertactin antigen, PRN(-)] from those that circulated in the past. Here we evaluated the protective capacity of OMV derived from bacteria grown in biofilm, since it was observed that, by difference with older culture collection vaccine strains, circulating clinical B. pertussis isolates possess higher capacity for this lifestyle. Therefore, we performed studies with a clinical isolate with good biofilm-forming capacity. Biofilm lifestyle was confirmed by both scanning electron microscopy and proteomics. While scanning electron microscopy revealed typical biofilm structures in these cultures, BipA, fimbria, and other adhesins described as typical of the biofilm lifestyle were overexpressed in the biofilm culture in comparison with planktonic culture. OMV derived from biofilm (OMVbiof) or planktonic lifestyle (OMVplank) were used to formulate vaccines to compare their immunogenicity and protective capacities against infection with PRN(+) or PRN(-) B. pertussis clinical isolates. Using the mouse protection model, we detected that OMVbiof-vaccine was more immunogenic than OMVplank-vaccine in terms of both specific antibody titers and quality, since OMVbiof-vaccine induced antibodies with higher avidity. Moreover, when OMV were administered at suboptimal quantity for protection, OMVbiof-vaccine exhibited a significantly adequate and higher protective capacity against PRN(+) or PRN(-) than OMVplank-vaccine. Our findings indicate that the vaccine based on B. pertussis biofilm-derived OMV induces high protection also against pertactin-deficient strains, with a robust immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Carriquiriborde
- Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Pablo Martin Aispuro
- Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Ambrosis
- Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Eugenia Zurita
- Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Daniela Bottero
- Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - María Emilia Gaillard
- Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Celina Castuma
- Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Erika Rudi
- Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Aníbal Lodeiro
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Daniela F. Hozbor
- Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xu Y, Zhang L, Tan Y, Wang L, Zhang S, Wang J. Genetic diversity and population dynamics of Bordetella pertussis in China between 1950–2007. Vaccine 2015; 33:6327-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
3
|
Crespo I, Toledo D, Soldevila N, Jordán I, Solano R, Castilla J, Caylà JA, Godoy P, Muñoz-Almagro C, Domínguez Á. Characteristics of Hospitalized Cases of Pertussis in Catalonia and Navarra, Two Regions in the North of Spain. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139993. [PMID: 26440655 PMCID: PMC4595087 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pertussis causes a large number of cases and hospitalizations in Catalonia and Navarra. We made a study of household cases of pertussis during 2012 and 2013 in order to identify risk factors for hospitalization in pertussis cases. Each primary case reported triggered the study of their contacts. Close contacts at home and people who were in contact for >2 hours during the transmission period of cases were included. The adjusted OR and 95% confidence intervals (CI) was calculated using logistic regression. A total of 1124 pertussis cases were detected, of which 14.9% were hospitalized. Inspiratory whoop (aOR: 1.64; CI: 1.02-2.65), apnoea (aOR: 2.47; CI: 1.51-4.03) and cyanosis (aOR: 15.51; CI: 1.87-128.09) were more common in hospitalized than in outpatient cases. Hospitalization occurred in 8.7% of correctly-vaccinated cases, 41.1% of non-vaccinated cases and 9.4% of partially-vaccinated cases. In conclusion, inspiratory whoop, apnoea and cyanosis were associated factors to hospitalization while vaccination reduced hospitalizations due to pertussis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inma Crespo
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health. Barcelona, Spain
- Public Health Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Diana Toledo
- Public Health Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Public Health Agency, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Soldevila
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health. Barcelona, Spain
- Public Health Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iolanda Jordán
- Paediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rubén Solano
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health. Barcelona, Spain
- Public Health Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Public Health Agency, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Castilla
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health. Barcelona, Spain
- Public Health Institute, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Joan A. Caylà
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health. Barcelona, Spain
- Public Health Agency, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Godoy
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health. Barcelona, Spain
- Agency of Public Health of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ángela Domínguez
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health. Barcelona, Spain
- Public Health Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu Y, Liu B, Gröndahl-Yli-Hannuksila K, Tan Y, Feng L, Kallonen T, Wang L, Peng D, He Q, Wang L, Zhang S. Whole-genome sequencing reveals the effect of vaccination on the evolution of Bordetella pertussis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12888. [PMID: 26283022 PMCID: PMC4539551 DOI: 10.1038/srep12888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Herd immunity can potentially induce a change of circulating viruses. However, it remains largely unknown that how bacterial pathogens adapt to vaccination. In this study, Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough, was selected as an example to explore possible effect of vaccination on the bacterial pathogen. We sequenced and analysed the complete genomes of 40 B. pertussis strains from Finland and China, as well as 11 previously sequenced strains from the Netherlands, where different vaccination strategies have been used over the past 50 years. The results showed that the molecular clock moved at different rates in these countries and in distinct periods, which suggested that evolution of the B. pertussis population was closely associated with the country vaccination coverage. Comparative whole-genome analyses indicated that evolution in this human-restricted pathogen was mainly characterised by ongoing genetic shift and gene loss. Furthermore, 116 SNPs were specifically detected in currently circulating ptxP3-containing strains. The finding might explain the successful emergence of this lineage and its spread worldwide. Collectively, our results suggest that the immune pressure of vaccination is one major driving force for the evolution of B. pertussis, which facilitates further exploration of the pathogenicity of B. pertussis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Xu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes of Food and Drug Control, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- 1] TEDA School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, P.R. China [2] Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, 23 Hongda Street, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | | | - Yajun Tan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes of Food and Drug Control, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Lu Feng
- 1] TEDA School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, P.R. China [2] Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, 23 Hongda Street, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Teemu Kallonen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Turku University, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Lichan Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes of Food and Drug Control, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| | - Ding Peng
- 1] TEDA School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, P.R. China [2] Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, 23 Hongda Street, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Qiushui He
- 1] Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Turku University, Turku 20520, Finland [2] Department of Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku 20520, Finland [3] Department of Medical Microbiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- 1] TEDA School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, P.R. China [2] Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, 23 Hongda Street, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China [3] State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University 300457, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Shumin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes of Food and Drug Control, Beijing 100050, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Falleiros Arlant LH, de Colsa A, Flores D, Brea J, Avila Aguero ML, Hozbor DF. Pertussis in Latin America: epidemiology and control strategies. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2014; 12:1265-75. [DOI: 10.1586/14787210.2014.948846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
6
|
Abstract
Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, has recently re-emerged as a major public health threat despite high levels of vaccination against the aetiological agent Bordetella pertussis. In this Review, we describe the pathogenesis of this disease, with a focus on recent mechanistic insights into B. pertussis virulence-factor function. We also discuss the changing epidemiology of pertussis and the challenges facing vaccine development. Despite decades of research, many aspects of B. pertussis physiology and pathogenesis remain poorly understood. We highlight knowledge gaps that must be addressed to develop improved vaccines and therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
|
7
|
Ulloa-Gutierrez R, Avila-Aguero ML. Pertussis in Latin America: current situation and future vaccination challenges. Expert Rev Vaccines 2014; 7:1569-80. [DOI: 10.1586/14760584.7.10.1569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
8
|
Kallonen T, He Q. Bordetella pertussisstrain variation and evolution postvaccination. Expert Rev Vaccines 2014; 8:863-75. [DOI: 10.1586/erv.09.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
9
|
Crespo Fernández I, Soldevila N, Carmona G, Sala MR, Godoy P, Domínguez A. Surveillance of hospitalized and outpatient cases of pertussis in Catalonia from 2003 to 2009. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2013; 9:667-70. [PMID: 23302866 DOI: 10.4161/hv.23263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pertussis is a vaccine-preventable disease that generates a large number of cases and hospitalizations. In Catalonia, the vaccination schedule includes three doses of vaccine at 2, 4 and 6 mo and two booster doses at 18 mo and 4-6 y. In 2002, DTPw was replaced by DTPa. The aim of this study was to determine how the vaccination status affects pertussis hospitalizations. Cases were obtained from the epidemiological surveillance system of the Generalitat of Catalonia from 2003 to 2009. Hospitalization, immunization status and type of vaccine received in reported cases were analyzed. OR and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. To control the effect of age (< 6 mo and ≥ 6 mo) Mantel-Haenszel OR (ORMH) were calculated; statistical significance was established as p < 0.05. During the study period, 1538 cases were reported. Cases below vaccination age (< 2 mo) were excluded. A total of 265 cases were hospitalized: 137 (51.7%) had no vaccine administrated, 104 (39.2%) were correctly vaccinated according to age and 24 (9.1%) were poorly vaccinated. Correct vaccination protected against hospitalization (ORMH: 0.33; 95%CI: 0.23-0.47). Of hospitalized cases, 38 (14.3%) had received DTPw and 91 (34.2%) DTPa. Both vaccines were effective in avoiding hospitalization, and comparison showed no differences (ORMH: 0.73; 95%CI: 0.46-1.14). We highlight the importance of a correct follow-up immunization schedule in reducing the number of cases and hospitalizations.
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Bordetella bronchiseptica rarely infects immunocompetent humans. We report an unusual case of recurrent pertussis-like syndrome caused by B. bronchiseptica in a 7-month-old immunocompetent boy. Molecular analysis demonstrated that the isolates from the child and mother were identical.
Collapse
|
11
|
Laboratory adaptation of Bordetella pertussis is associated with the loss of type three secretion system functionality. Infect Immun 2011; 79:3677-82. [PMID: 21730086 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00136-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although Bordetella pertussis contains and transcribes loci encoding type III secretion system (TTSS) homologues, expression of TTSS-associated proteins has been reported only for non-laboratory-adapted Irish clinical isolates. Here we confirm such a result for clinical isolates obtained from patients treated in Argentinean hospitals. Moreover, we demonstrate that the expression of TTSS-associated proteins is independent both of the year in which the isolate was obtained and of the types of polymorphic alleles for other virulence factors but is dependent on environmental growth conditions. Interestingly, we observed that TTSS-associated protein expression is lost after successive in vitro passages but becomes operative again when bacteria come into contact with the host. This in vivo activation of TTSS expression was observed not only for clinical isolates previously adapted to the laboratory after successive in vitro passages but also for vaccine strains that did not express the system in vitro. The reversibility of TTSS expression, demonstrated by its switching off-on when the bacterium comes into contact with the host, appears to be an adaptive response of this pathogen.
Collapse
|
12
|
van Gent M, Bart MJ, van der Heide HGJ, Heuvelman KJ, Kallonen T, He Q, Mertsola J, Advani A, Hallander HO, Janssens K, Hermans PW, Mooi FR. SNP-based typing: a useful tool to study Bordetella pertussis populations. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20340. [PMID: 21647370 PMCID: PMC3103551 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2011] [Accepted: 04/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To monitor changes in Bordetella pertussis populations, mainly two typing methods are used; Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) and Multiple-Locus Variable-Number Tandem Repeat Analysis (MLVA). In this study, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing method, based on 87 SNPs, was developed and compared with PFGE and MLVA. The discriminatory indices of SNP typing, PFGE and MLVA were found to be 0.85, 0.95 and 0.83, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis, using SNP typing as Gold Standard, revealed false homoplasies in the PFGE and MLVA trees. Further, in contrast to the SNP-based tree, the PFGE- and MLVA-based trees did not reveal a positive correlation between root-to-tip distance and the isolation year of strains. Thus PFGE and MLVA do not allow an estimation of the relative age of the selected strains. In conclusion, SNP typing was found to be phylogenetically more informative than PFGE and more discriminative than MLVA. Further, in contrast to PFGE, it is readily standardized allowing interlaboratory comparisons. We applied SNP typing to study strains with a novel allele for the pertussis toxin promoter, ptxP3, which have a worldwide distribution and which have replaced the resident ptxP1 strains in the last 20 years. Previously, we showed that ptxP3 strains showed increased pertussis toxin expression and that their emergence was associated with increased notification in the Netherlands. SNP typing showed that the ptxP3 strains isolated in the Americas, Asia, Australia and Europe formed a monophyletic branch which recently diverged from ptxP1 strains. Two predominant ptxP3 SNP types were identified which spread worldwide. The widespread use of SNP typing will enhance our understanding of the evolution and global epidemiology of B. pertussis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marjolein van Gent
- Laboratory for Infectious Diseases and Screening, Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke J. Bart
- Laboratory for Infectious Diseases and Screening, Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Han G. J. van der Heide
- Laboratory for Infectious Diseases and Screening, Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Kees J. Heuvelman
- Laboratory for Infectious Diseases and Screening, Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Teemu Kallonen
- Department of Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Finland
- Turku Graduate School for Biomedical Sciences, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Qiushui He
- Department of Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Finland
| | - Jussi Mertsola
- Department of Infectious Disease Surveillance and Control, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Finland
| | - Abdolreza Advani
- Department of Bacteriology, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Solna, Sweden
| | - Hans O. Hallander
- Department of Bacteriology, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Solna, Sweden
| | | | - Peter W. Hermans
- Laboratory of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Frits R. Mooi
- Laboratory for Infectious Diseases and Screening, Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mosiej E, Augustynowicz E, Zawadka M, Dąbrowski W, Lutyńska A. Strain variation among Bordetella pertussis isolates circulating in Poland after 50 years of whole-cell pertussis vaccine use. J Clin Microbiol 2011; 49:1452-7. [PMID: 21307213 PMCID: PMC3122874 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01487-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2010] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, clinical isolates of Bordetella pertussis collected in Poland from 1960 to 2005 were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) according to protocols recommended in previous studies. Among the 110 isolates from 1995 to 2005, 59 PFGE patterns were found, most of which were different from those currently circulating in other European Union (EU) countries for which data are available. The PFGE patterns of currently disseminating B. pertussis clones were found within PFGE groups III and IV, as elsewhere in the EU, and in newly identified clusters A and C. Up to 70, 26, and 4%, respectively, of the currently isolated strains in Poland harbored ptxA1-prn1, ptxA1-prn2, and ptxA1-prn3 allele combinations, and most (82%) were found to be of the Fim2 phenotype. Differences in the extent of heterogeneity estimated by PFGE typing in B. pertussis populations circulating in Poland in comparison to other EU countries may be due to the different vaccine composition strategy, since routine pertussis vaccination was initiated in Poland in 1960.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Mosiej
- Department of Sera and Vaccines Evaluation, National Institute of Public Health–National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Augustynowicz
- Department of Sera and Vaccines Evaluation, National Institute of Public Health–National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Zawadka
- Department of Sera and Vaccines Evaluation, National Institute of Public Health–National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Waldemar Dąbrowski
- Department of Food Microbiology, West Pomeranian University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Lutyńska
- Department of Sera and Vaccines Evaluation, National Institute of Public Health–National Institute of Hygiene, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bart MJ, van Gent M, van der Heide HGJ, Boekhorst J, Hermans P, Parkhill J, Mooi FR. Comparative genomics of prevaccination and modern Bordetella pertussis strains. BMC Genomics 2010; 11:627. [PMID: 21070624 PMCID: PMC3018138 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-11-627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2010] [Accepted: 11/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite vaccination since the 1950s, pertussis has persisted and resurged. It remains a major cause of infant death worldwide and is the most prevalent vaccine-preventable disease in developed countries. The resurgence of pertussis has been associated with the expansion of Bordetella pertussis strains with a novel allele for the pertussis toxin (Ptx) promoter, ptxP3, which have replaced resident ptxP1 strains. Compared to ptxP1 strains, ptxP3 produce more Ptx resulting in increased virulence and immune suppression. To elucidate how B. pertussis has adapted to vaccination, we compared genome sequences of two ptxP3 strains with four strains isolated before and after the introduction vaccination. Results The distribution of SNPs in regions involved in transcription and translation suggested that changes in gene regulation play an important role in adaptation. No evidence was found for acquisition of novel genes. Modern strains differed significantly from prevaccination strains, both phylogenetically and with respect to particular alleles. The ptxP3 strains were found to have diverged recently from modern ptxP1 strains. Differences between ptxP3 and modern ptxP1 strains included SNPs in a number of pathogenicity-associated genes. Further, both gene inactivation and reactivation was observed in ptxP3 strains relative to modern ptxP1 strains. Conclusions Our work suggests that B. pertussis adapted by successive accumulation of SNPs and by gene (in)activation. In particular changes in gene regulation may have played a role in adaptation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marieke J Bart
- Laboratory for Infectious Diseases and Screening, Netherlands Centre for Infectious Diseases Control, RIVM, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mooi FR, van Loo IHM, van Gent M, He Q, Bart MJ, Heuvelman KJ, de Greeff SC, Diavatopoulos D, Teunis P, Nagelkerke N, Mertsola J. Bordetella pertussis strains with increased toxin production associated with pertussis resurgence. Emerg Infect Dis 2009; 15:1206-13. [PMID: 19751581 PMCID: PMC2815961 DOI: 10.3201/eid1508.081511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A more virulent strain of the disease is emerging. Before childhood vaccination was introduced in the 1940s, pertussis was a major cause of infant death worldwide. Widespread vaccination of children succeeded in reducing illness and death. In the 1990s, a resurgence of pertussis was observed in a number of countries with highly vaccinated populations, and pertussis has become the most prevalent vaccine-preventable disease in industrialized countries. We present evidence that in the Netherlands the dramatic increase in pertussis is temporally associated with the emergence of Bordetella pertussis strains carrying a novel allele for the pertussis toxin promoter, which confers increased pertussis toxin (Ptx) production. Epidemiologic data suggest that these strains are more virulent in humans. We discuss changes in the ecology of B. pertussis that may have driven this adaptation. Our results underline the importance of Ptx in transmission, suggest that vaccination may select for increased virulence, and indicate ways to control pertussis more effectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frits R Mooi
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mooi FR. Bordetella pertussis and vaccination: the persistence of a genetically monomorphic pathogen. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2009; 10:36-49. [PMID: 19879977 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2009.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2009] [Revised: 10/11/2009] [Accepted: 10/20/2009] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Before childhood vaccination was introduced in the 1950s, pertussis or whooping cough was a major cause of infant death worldwide. Widespread vaccination of children was successful in significantly reducing morbidity and mortality. However, despite vaccination, pertussis has persisted and, in the 1990s, resurged in a number of countries with highly vaccinated populations. Indeed, pertussis has become the most prevalent vaccine-preventable disease in developed countries with estimated infection frequencies of 1-6%. Recently vaccinated children are well protected against pertussis disease and its increase is mainly seen in adolescents and adults in which disease symptoms are often mild. The etiologic agent of pertussis, Bordetella pertussis, is extremely monomorphic and its ability to persist in the face of intensive vaccination is intriguing. Numerous studies have shown that B. pertussis populations changed after the introduction of vaccination suggesting adaptation. These adaptations did not involve the acquisition of novel genes but small genetic changes, mainly SNPs, and occurred in successive steps in a period of 40 years. The earliest adaptations resulted in antigenic divergence with vaccine strains. More recently, strains emerged with increased pertussis toxin (Ptx) production. Here I argue that the resurgence of pertussis is the compound effect of pathogen adaptation and waning immunity. I propose that the removal by vaccination of naïve infants as the major source for transmission was the crucial event which has driven the changes in B. pertussis populations. This has selected for strains which are more efficiently transmitted by primed hosts in which immunity has waned. The adaptation of B. pertussis to primed hosts involved delaying an effective immune response by antigenic divergence with vaccine strains and by increasing immune suppression through higher levels of Ptx production. Higher levels of Ptx may also benefit transmission by enhancing clinical symptoms. The study of B. pertussis populations has not only increased our understanding of pathogen evolution, but also suggests way to improve pertussis vaccines, underlining the public health significance of population-based studies of pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frits R Mooi
- Lab for Infectious Diseases and Screening, Netherlands Centre for Infectious Diseases Control, Natl Institute for Public Health and the Environment, RIVM, PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hozbor D, Mooi F, Flores D, Weltman G, Bottero D, Fossati S, Lara C, Gaillard M, Pianciola L, Zurita E, Fioriti A, Archuby D, Galas M, Binsztein N, Regueira M, Castuma C, Fingermann M, Graieb A. Pertussis epidemiology in Argentina: trends over 2004–2007. J Infect 2009; 59:225-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2009.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2009] [Revised: 07/14/2009] [Accepted: 07/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
18
|
Ulloa-Gutiérrez R, Hernández de Mezerville M, Ávila-Agüero M. Bordetella pertussis en Latinoamérica: ¿estamos reconociendo el problema? An Pediatr (Barc) 2008; 69:197-9. [DOI: 10.1157/13125810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
19
|
Sintchenko V. The re-emergence of pertussis: implications for diagnosis and surveillance. NEW SOUTH WALES PUBLIC HEALTH BULLETIN 2008; 19:143-145. [PMID: 19007547 DOI: 10.1071/nb07005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Pertussis, or whooping cough, a highly contagious disease caused by Bordetella pertussis, is making a comeback globally and nationally in spite of reasonable vaccination coverage. This paper provides an update on laboratory testing methods that assist the confirmation of clinical disease and investigation of outbreaks. Laboratory confirmation of the diagnosis by polymerase chain reaction or serology should be attempted, especially when atypical pertussis is suspected clinically. Genetic and antigenic variations in virulence factors of strains circulating in the population should also be monitored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vitali Sintchenko
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology-Public Health, Sydney West Area Health Service, Western Clinical School, University of Sydney.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Despite extensive immunization, the disease pertussis remains one of the world’s leading causes of vaccine-preventable deaths. An estimated 50 million cases and 300,000 deaths occur every year. A resurgence of pertussis is observed in highly immunized populations. Increasing numbers of pertussis are reported in adolescents and adults who transmit bacteria to newborns and infants to whom pertussis may be a life-threatening disease. Many studies have shown that the causes for the resurgence are multiple, such as increased awareness of disease, use of better diagnostic tools, improved surveillance methods and waning vaccine-induced immunity. Recently, antigenic divergence has been found between vaccine strains and clinical isolates in many countries with high vaccination coverage. Here, we summarize these findings and discuss the factors contributing to pertussis resurgence in immunized populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiushui He
- Pertussis Reference Laboratory, National Public Health Institute, Kiinamyllynkatu 13, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Jussi Mertsola
- Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520 Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bottero D, Gaillard ME, Fingermann M, Weltman G, Fernández J, Sisti F, Graieb A, Roberts R, Rico O, Ríos G, Regueira M, Binsztein N, Hozbor D. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, pertactin, pertussis toxin S1 subunit polymorphisms, and surfaceome analysis of vaccine and clinical Bordetella pertussis strains. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2007; 14:1490-8. [PMID: 17699837 PMCID: PMC2168178 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00177-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
To add new insight to our previous work on the molecular epidemiology of Bordetella pertussis in Argentina, the prn and ptxS1 gene sequences and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profiles of 57 clinical isolates obtained during two periods, 1969 to 1989 and 1997 to 2006, were analyzed. Non-vaccine-type ptxS1A was detected in isolates obtained since 1969. From 1989 on, a shift of predominance from the vaccine prn1 type to the nonvaccine prn2 type was observed. This was also reflected in a transition of PFGE group IV to group VI. These results show that nonvaccine B. pertussis strains are currently circulating. To analyze whether the observed genomic divergences between vaccine strains and clinical isolates have functional implications, protection assays using the intranasal mouse challenge model were performed. For such experiments, the clinical isolate B. pertussis 106 was selected as representative of circulating bacteria, since it came from the major group of the PFGE dendrogram (PFGE group VI). Groups of mice were immunized either with diphtheria-tetanus-whole-cell pertussis vaccine (ptxS1B prn1) or a vaccine prepared by us containing B. pertussis 106. Immunized mice were then challenged with a B. pertussis vaccine strain (Tohama, harboring ptxS1B and prn1) or the clinical isolate B. pertussis 106 (ptxS1A prn2). An adequate bacterial-elimination rate was observed only when mice were immunized and challenged with the same kind of strain. For further characterization, comparative proteomic profiling of enriched membrane proteins was done using three vaccine strains and the selected B. pertussis 106 clinical isolate. By matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry analysis, a total of 54 proteins were identified. This methodology allowed us to detect differing proteins among the four strains studied and, in particular, to distinguish the three vaccine strains from each other, as well as the vaccine strains from the clinical isolate. The differing proteins observed have cellular roles associated with amino acid and carbohydrate transport and metabolism. Some of them have been proposed as novel vaccine candidate proteins for other pathogens. Overall, the global strategy described here is presented as a good tool for the development of next-generation acellular vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Bottero
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calles 47 y 115 (1900), La Plata, República Argentina
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Caro V, Bouchez V, Guiso N, Gatti B, Agosti MR, Ayala SEG. Pertussis in Argentina and France. Vaccine 2007; 25:4335-9. [PMID: 17229502 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2006] [Revised: 08/11/2006] [Accepted: 08/16/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We have studied the epidemiology of pertussis in two countries, Argentina and France, which have similar histories of long-term mass vaccination with a whole-cell vaccine. Both countries display a comparable epidemiology, with an increase of the incidence of the disease in non-vaccinated newborns. We used pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis and genotyping to compare Bordetella pertussis clinical isolates recovered in Argentina and France in 2001-2004. The majority of the isolates harbors prn2 allele and belongs to PFGE IVbeta group. Isolates were found to be very similar genetically suggesting a common evolution of the disease in these two countries using the same vaccine.
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
Vaccines exert strong selective pressures on pathogens, favouring the spread of antigenic variants. We propose a simple mathematical model to investigate the dynamics of a novel pathogenic strain that emerges in a population where a previous strain is maintained at low endemic level by a vaccine. We compare three methods to assess the ability of the novel strain to invade and persist: algebraic rate of invasion; deterministic dynamics; and stochastic dynamics. These three techniques provide complementary predictions on the fate of the system. In particular, we emphasize the importance of stochastic simulations, which account for the possibility of extinctions of either strain. More specifically, our model suggests that the probability of persistence of an invasive strain (i) can be minimized for intermediate levels of vaccine cross-protection (i.e. immune protection against the novel strain) and (ii) is lower if cross-immunity acts through a reduced infectious period rather than through reduced susceptibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Restif
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Infectious Diseases Consortium, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ES, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang F, Grundmann S, Schmid M, Dörfler U, Roherer S, Charles Munch J, Hartmann A, Jiang X, Schroll R. Isolation and characterization of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene mineralizing Bordetella sp. and its bioremediation potential in soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2007; 67:896-902. [PMID: 17204305 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2006] [Revised: 10/26/2006] [Accepted: 11/05/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A soil which has been polluted with chlorinated benzenes for more than 25 years was used for isolation of adapted microorganisms able to mineralize 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (1,2,4-TCB). A microbial community was enriched from this soil and acclimated in liquid culture under aerobic conditions using 1,2,4-TCB as a sole available carbon source. From this community, two strains were isolated and identified by comparative sequence analysis of their 16S-rRNA coding genes as members of the genus Bordetella with Bordetella sp. QJ2-5 as the highest homological strain and with Bordetella petrii as the closest related described species. The 16S-rDNA of the two isolated strains showed a similarity of 100%. These strains were able to mineralize 1,2,4-TCB within two weeks to approximately 50% in liquid culture experiments. One of these strains was reinoculated to an agricultural soil with low native 1,2,4-TCB degradation capacity to investigate its bioremediation potential. The reinoculated strain kept its biodegradation capability: (14)C-labeled 1,2,4-TCB applied to this inoculated soil was mineralized to about 40% within one month of incubation. This indicates a possible application of the isolated Bordetella sp. for bioremediation of 1,2,4-TCB contaminated sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- Institute of Soil Ecology, GSF - National Research Center for Environment and Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Register KB, Sanden GN. Prevalence and sequence variants of IS481 in Bordetella bronchiseptica: implications for IS481-based detection of Bordetella pertussis. J Clin Microbiol 2006; 44:4577-83. [PMID: 17065269 PMCID: PMC1698417 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01295-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the prevalence in Bordetella bronchiseptica of IS481, a frequent target for diagnosis of Bordetella pertussis, as approximately 5%. However, PCR amplicons of the predicted size were detectable in 78% of IS481-negative strains. Our results suggest that PCR targeting IS481 may not be sufficiently specific for reliable identification of B. pertussis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen B Register
- Respiratory Diseases of Livestock Research Unit, USDA/ARS/National Animal Disease Center, P.O. Box 70, 2300 Dayton Road, Ames, IA 50010, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|