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De Waele A, Hendrickx G, Valckx S, Domínguez À, Toledo D, Castilla J, Tuells J, Van Damme P. The Vaccine Training Barometer: Assessing healthcare providers' confidence to answer vaccine-related questions and their training needs. Vaccine 2024; 42:2421-2428. [PMID: 38458873 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Healthcare providers (HCP) are seen by the public as the most trustworthy source of information about vaccination. While HCPs could be a valuable partner to increase vaccine confidence in general, it is not clear whether they feel confident themselves to address questions concerning vaccination. In the context of the EU Joint Action on Vaccination (EU-JAV), the Vaccine Training Barometer, an online survey tool, was developed to assess how frequently HCPs receive questions about vaccination, how confident they feel to answer these questions, and to what extent they are willing to follow extra training. After a pilot test in Flanders, Belgium, the Barometer was launched and completed by 833 HCPs in Flanders and 291 HCPs in the Spanish regions of Catalonia, Navarre and Valencian Community from November 2020 until January 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic, just before and during the start of the first COVID-19 vaccination campaigns. In both countries, HCPs frequently received questions about vaccination (mostly on a daily or weekly basis), and about two thirds of them indicated that the frequency of questions had increased during the three months prior to completing the survey. Most questions were about the side effects and safety of vaccines. In both countries, a considerable proportion of HCPs did not feel confident to answer vaccine-related questions (31.5% felt confident in Flanders, 21.6% in Spain). A large proportion of HCPs received questions in the last three months before the survey that they could not answer (52.4% of respondents in Flemish sample, 41.5% in Spanish sample). Only 11.4% (Flanders) and 11.3% (Spain) of the respondents felt they gained sufficient knowledge through their standard education to be able to answer questions about vaccination. Almost all respondents were willing to follow extra training on vaccination (Flanders: 95.4%, Spain: 96.6%). The Vaccine Training Barometer is thus a useful tool to monitor HCPs' confidence to answer questions about vaccination and to capture their training needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie De Waele
- Centre for Evaluation of Vaccination, University of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 663, 2650 Edegem, Belgium; Departement of Communication Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Antwerp, Sint-Jacobsstraat 2, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Greet Hendrickx
- Centre for Evaluation of Vaccination, University of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 663, 2650 Edegem, Belgium.
| | - Sara Valckx
- Centre for Evaluation of Vaccination, University of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 663, 2650 Edegem, Belgium.
| | - Àngela Domínguez
- Universitat de Barcelona, Department of Medicine, C/ de Casanova, 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Diana Toledo
- Universitat de Barcelona, Department of Medicine, C/ de Casanova, 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jesús Castilla
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra (IdiSNA), C. de Irunlarrea, 3, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
| | - José Tuells
- Edificio Ciencias Sociales, University of Alicante, Carr. de San Vicente del Raspeig, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Avda Pintor Baeza, 12, 03010 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Pierre Van Damme
- Centre for Evaluation of Vaccination, University of Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 663, 2650 Edegem, Belgium.
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Bullón-Vela V, Toledo D, Vera-Punzano N, Godoy P, García Cenoz M, Pardos-Plaza J, Castilla J, Domínguez A, Martínez-Baz I. [Level of knowledge, attitudes and the use of preventive measures among household contacts of COVID-19 cases after the acute phase of the pandemic]. An Sist Sanit Navar 2024; 47:e1070. [PMID: 38501156 PMCID: PMC11016338 DOI: 10.23938/assn.1070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessment of the level of knowledge and attitudes regarding COVID-19 and preventive measures in household contacts of COVID-19 cases after the acute phase of the pandemic. METHODS Survey among household contacts of COVID-19 cases conducted in healthcare centers in Navarre (1) and Catalonia (8) between May 2022 and July 2023. The frequency of use of preventive measures and the knowledge and attitudes towards COVID-19 were assessed through 12 items. RESULTS 215 contacts participated who correctly used the preventive measures (>85%), except for facemasks (35.8%) and interpersonal distance (47%); >85% showed adequate knowledge (5/6 items) and >80% had a positive attitude (3/6 items). Moreover, 54.7% considered that COVID-19 negatively affected their life and 54.1% that it is better to develop immunity by getting infected than by vaccination. CONCLUSIONS Household contacts show a correct level of knowledge and positive attitude towards the disease and its preventive measures.
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Godoy S, Parrón I, Millet JP, Caylà JA, Follia N, Carol M, Orcau A, Alsedà M, Toledo D, Plans P, Ferrús G, Barrabeig I, Clotet L, Domínguez A, Godoy P. Risk of tuberculosis among pulmonary tuberculosis contacts: the importance of time of exposure to index cases. Ann Epidemiol 2024; 91:12-17. [PMID: 38219967 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The intensity of exposure to index cases of tuberculosis [TB] may increase the risk of TB in their contacts. The aim was to determine TB risk factors among contacts of TB index cases. METHODS A cohort study was carried out in the contacts of pulmonary TB cases registered by the epidemiological surveillance network from 01/01/2019 to 06/30/2021. The factors associated with the risk of TB in contacts were determined using the adjusted odds ratio [aOR] and its 95% confidence interval [CI]. RESULTS From 847 TB cases, 7087 contacts were identified. The prevalence of TB was 2.0% [145/7087] and was higher in < 5 years compared to those ≥ 65 years [4.4% versus 1.2%; p < 0.001], in those exposed ≥ 6 h daily [4%], and < 6 h daily [1.6%] with respect to weekly exposure of < 6 h [0.7%; p < 0.001]. Those contacts exposed ≥ 6 h daily [aOR= 6.9; 95%CI:2.1-22.1], < 5 years [aOR= 8.3; 95%CI:1.8-37.8] and immigrants [aOR= 1.7; 95%CI:1.1-2.7] had a higher risk of TB. CONCLUSIONS The risk of TB increases with the time of exposure to the index case and this risk is also higher in < 5 years and immigrants. Contact tracing has a high yield for detecting new cases of TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Godoy
- Universitat de Lleida [UdL]. Institut de Recerca Biomédica de Lleida [IRBLleida], Lleida, Spain; Institut Català de la Salut, Lleida, Spain
| | - Ignasi Parrón
- Agència de Salut Pública Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan-Pau Millet
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública [CIBERESP], Madrid, Spain; Barcelona Tuberculosis Research Unit Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Epidemiology Service. Public Health Agency of Barcelona. Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan A Caylà
- Barcelona Tuberculosis Research Unit Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Follia
- Agència de Salut Pública Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Monica Carol
- Agència de Salut Pública Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angels Orcau
- Epidemiology Service. Public Health Agency of Barcelona. Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Alsedà
- Universitat de Lleida [UdL]. Institut de Recerca Biomédica de Lleida [IRBLleida], Lleida, Spain; Agència de Salut Pública Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diana Toledo
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública [CIBERESP], Madrid, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Plans
- Agència de Salut Pública Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública [CIBERESP], Madrid, Spain
| | - Gloria Ferrús
- Agència de Salut Pública Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Barrabeig
- Agència de Salut Pública Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain; Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública [CIBERESP], Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Clotet
- Agència de Salut Pública Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angela Domínguez
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública [CIBERESP], Madrid, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Godoy
- Universitat de Lleida [UdL]. Institut de Recerca Biomédica de Lleida [IRBLleida], Lleida, Spain; Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública [CIBERESP], Madrid, Spain; Hospital Universitari de Santa Maria, Lleida, Spain.
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Bullón-Vela V, Toledo D, Echeverría A, Godoy P, Cenoz MG, Parrón I, Castilla J, Domínguez A, Martínez-Baz I. Absence of short-term changes in knowledge and attitudes among household contacts of COVID-19 cases during the post-acute phase of the pandemic in Catalonia and Navarre, Spain. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1306284. [PMID: 38487191 PMCID: PMC10937404 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1306284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate short-term changes in knowledge and attitude towards COVID-19 and preventive measures during the post-acute phase of the pandemic in Spain. Methods A survey was performed in Catalonia and Navarre between May-2022 and July-2023 in household contacts of COVID-19 cases. Knowledge and attitude were assessed at baseline and at three months, using a Likert scale. Responses were grouped according to correct or incorrect. Results At baseline, 172 subjects were contacted, 118 (69%) of which completed a follow-up interview three months later. Knowledge of correct hand-washing and mask protocols had maintained over time (-1.7%, p = 0.553 and - 2.5%, p = 0.473, respectively). Attitudes toward preventive measures was adequate in the first interview (86%), but attitudes regarding use of face masks decreased significantly (-9.1%, p = 0.048) over time in participants with higher risk of severe COVID-19. However, most short-term changes in knowledge and attitudes were not statistically significant. Conclusion Household contacts showed correct knowledge and attitude towards COVID-19 and its preventive measures, without significant changes in the short term despite a relaxation of government-mandated preventive measures. These results provide relevant information in case of a new health emergency due to respiratory viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Bullón-Vela
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Diana Toledo
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Pere Godoy
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), Catalonia, Spain
| | - Manuel García Cenoz
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignasi Parrón
- Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Castilla
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Angela Domínguez
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iván Martínez-Baz
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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Venner E, Patterson K, Kalra D, Wheeler MM, Chen YJ, Kalla SE, Yuan B, Karnes JH, Walker K, Smith JD, McGee S, Radhakrishnan A, Haddad A, Empey PE, Wang Q, Lichtenstein L, Toledo D, Jarvik G, Musick A, Gibbs RA. The frequency of pathogenic variation in the All of Us cohort reveals ancestry-driven disparities. Commun Biol 2024; 7:174. [PMID: 38374434 PMCID: PMC10876563 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05708-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Disparities in data underlying clinical genomic interpretation is an acknowledged problem, but there is a paucity of data demonstrating it. The All of Us Research Program is collecting data including whole-genome sequences, health records, and surveys for at least a million participants with diverse ancestry and access to healthcare, representing one of the largest biomedical research repositories of its kind. Here, we examine pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants that were identified in the All of Us cohort. The European ancestry subgroup showed the highest overall rate of pathogenic variation, with 2.26% of participants having a pathogenic variant. Other ancestry groups had lower rates of pathogenic variation, including 1.62% for the African ancestry group and 1.32% in the Latino/Admixed American ancestry group. Pathogenic variants were most frequently observed in genes related to Breast/Ovarian Cancer or Hypercholesterolemia. Variant frequencies in many genes were consistent with the data from the public gnomAD database, with some notable exceptions resolved using gnomAD subsets. Differences in pathogenic variant frequency observed between ancestral groups generally indicate biases of ascertainment of knowledge about those variants, but some deviations may be indicative of differences in disease prevalence. This work will allow targeted precision medicine efforts at revealed disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Venner
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Karynne Patterson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Divya Kalra
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marsha M Wheeler
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yi-Ju Chen
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sara E Kalla
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bo Yuan
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jason H Karnes
- University of Arizona, R Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Biomedical Informatics, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kimberly Walker
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joshua D Smith
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sean McGee
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Andrew Haddad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Philip E Empey
- Department of Pharmacy and Therapeutics, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Qiaoyan Wang
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Diana Toledo
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Gail Jarvik
- Department of Medicine (Medical Genetics), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anjene Musick
- NIH All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health Office of the Director, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Richard A Gibbs
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Domínguez Á, Soldevila N, Toledo D, Parrón I, Millet JP, Barrabeig I, Godoy P. Factors Associated with Treatment Prescription to Pulmonary Tuberculosis Contacts in Catalonia (2019-2021): A Population-Based Epidemiological Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1800. [PMID: 38140204 PMCID: PMC10747834 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11121800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In countries with low tuberculosis (TB) incidence, the systematic testing and treatment of latent TB infection (LTBI) in contacts of pulmonary TB index cases is the standard of care. The objective of this study, conducted in Catalonia over 2019-2021, was to assess the factors associated with LTBI treatment prescription to close contacts of pulmonary TB index cases. In this population-based epidemiological study of LTBI prevalence among pulmonary TB contacts between 2019 and 2021, multiple logistic backward stepwise regression was used to identify the factors associated with treatment prescription, for which the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. A total of 1487 LTBI contacts of 542 pulmonary TB index cases were studied, 80.6% of whom received a prescription. The factors associated with LTBI treatment prescription were exposure ≥6 h/day (aOR 14.20; 95% CI 5.22-38.66) and exposure <6 h/day (aOR 7.32, 95% CI 2.48-21.64), whereas the factors associated with no LTBI treatment prescription were age ≥55 years (aOR 0.22, 95% CI 0.08-0.64) and bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccination (aOR 0.38, 95% CI 0.16-0.90). Crucial to LTBI treatment prescription is information on the contact's duration of exposure to pulmonary TB, not only for contacts exposed for ≥6 h/day, but also for contacts with lower daily exposure levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Domínguez
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (Á.D.); (N.S.)
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.-P.M.); (P.G.)
| | - Núria Soldevila
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (Á.D.); (N.S.)
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.-P.M.); (P.G.)
| | - Diana Toledo
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (Á.D.); (N.S.)
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.-P.M.); (P.G.)
| | - Ignasi Parrón
- Agència de Salut Publica de Catalunya, 08005 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Joan-Pau Millet
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.-P.M.); (P.G.)
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, 08023 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Barrabeig
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.-P.M.); (P.G.)
- Agència de Salut Publica de Catalunya, 08005 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Pere Godoy
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.-P.M.); (P.G.)
- Institut de Recerca Biomédica de Lleida (IRBLleida), 25198 Lleida, Spain
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Pericas C, Avcii G, Baena-Díez JM, Domínguez À, Toledo D, Redondo A, Vilaplana-Carnerero C, Grau M. Risk of partial school closure for COVID-19 by socio-economic level in the period 2020-22. J Public Health (Oxf) 2023; 45:794-798. [PMID: 37291062 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdad084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective was to analyse the risk of partial school closure by economic level in Barcelona city. METHODS In this ecological study, the risk of partial school closure for the academic years 2020-21 and 2021-22 was estimated by dividing the total number of days that each child was in quarantine or isolation by the total number of days that each child was at risk to be in quarantine or isolation in the academic year. The association between partial school closure risk and mean income by district was estimated with the Spearman rho. RESULTS The lower the mean income, the higher the risk of partial closure (Spearman rho = 0.83; P-value = 0.003) during the academic year 2020-21. Specifically, the children from the district with the lowest income had a six times greater risk of partial school closure compared with those from the highest-income district. This risk did not show a significant socioeconomic gradient in the academic year 2021-22. CONCLUSIONS The risk of partial school closure presented an inverse socioeconomic gradient in the city of Barcelona according to average income by district in the academic year 2020-21. This distribution was not observed in the academic year 2021-22.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carles Pericas
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona E-08036, Spain
| | - Gülcan Avcii
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona E-08036, Spain
| | - José M Baena-Díez
- Primary Care Centre La Marina, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona E-08038, Spain
- IDIAP Jordi Gol, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona E-08007, Spain
| | - Àngela Domínguez
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona E-08036, Spain
- Biomedical Research Consortium in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid E-28029, Spain
| | - Diana Toledo
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona E-08036, Spain
- Biomedical Research Consortium in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid E-28029, Spain
| | - Ana Redondo
- Hospital Universitario Bellvitge, Catalan Institute of Health (ICS), Barcelona E-08907, Spain
| | - Carles Vilaplana-Carnerero
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona E-08036, Spain
- IDIAP Jordi Gol, Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona E-08007, Spain
| | - María Grau
- Biomedical Research Consortium in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid E-28029, Spain
- Serra-Hunter Fellow, Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona E-08036, Spain
- Cardiovascular Risk, Nutrition and Aging, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, E-08036, Spain
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Martínez-Baz I, Bullón-Vela V, Soldevila N, Torner N, Palma D, García Cenoz M, Pérez G, Burgui C, Castilla J, Godoy P, Domínguez A, Toledo D. Assessment of Knowledge and Attitudes Over Time in Postacute COVID-19 Environments: Protocol for an Epidemiological Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e52114. [PMID: 37995118 DOI: 10.2196/52114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, COVID-19 is in transition from the acute pandemic phase into a postacute phase, and special attention should be paid at this time to COVID-19 control strategies. Understanding public knowledge and attitudes plays a pivotal role in controlling COVID-19's spread and provides information about the public's adherence to preventive and control measures. OBJECTIVE This study protocol describes the planning and management of a survey to investigate the persistent or changing trends in knowledge and attitudes regarding COVID-19, vaccination, and nonpharmaceutical preventive measures among COVID-19 cases' household contacts aged 18 years and older, after the acute phase of the pandemic in Catalonia and Navarre in Spain. The secondary objectives include investigating the rate of secondary transmission in households, taking into account the demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, and preventive measures toward COVID-19. METHODS A telephone questionnaire was designed to assess the changing trends in knowledge, preventive measures, and attitudes toward COVID-19 in 3 rounds (after identification as a household contact, 3 months later, and 6 months later). The questionnaire was developed following an extensive literature review and through discussions with a panel of experts who designed and assessed the validity of the questionnaire in terms of relevance, consistency, completeness, and clarity. The questionnaire consists of the following 7 sections: social and demographic characteristics (ie, gender, age, educational level, and workplace), comorbidities and risk factors (according to the recommendations from the COVID-19 vaccination strategy), epidemiological data (ie, exposure time, relationship with index cases, and frequency of use of nonpharmaceutical preventive measures), COVID-19 vaccination status (ie, the number and date of doses received), knowledge and attitudes toward COVID-19 (assessed using a 5-point Likert scale-totally agree, agree, neither agree nor disagree, disagree, and totally disagree), and sources of information (including traditional mass media, social media, and official sources). RESULTS A pilot study was performed in May 2022 to evaluate the questionnaire with 22 household contacts. Preliminary findings indicated that the questionnaire was feasible and acceptable in the general population. The average response time was 15 minutes, with greater variations in responses by older participants. After the pilot study, recruitment of participants began and is expected to be completed at the end of the year 2023, after which the final results will be available in 2024. CONCLUSIONS Despite the low transmission levels of SARS-CoV-2 and the relaxation of containment measures, the implementation of the survey during the postacute phase will provide valuable insight to assist public health decision-making and control the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses, thereby attenuating the negative effects of COVID-19 at individual and population level. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/52114.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Martínez-Baz
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Vanessa Bullón-Vela
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Núria Soldevila
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
- Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Torner
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
- Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Palma
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel García Cenoz
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Glòria Pérez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
- Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pombeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Burgui
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jesús Castilla
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pere Godoy
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
- Universitat de Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Angela Domínguez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
- Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diana Toledo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
- Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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9
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Morales-Suárez-Varela M, Toledo D, Fernández-Sierra MA, Liébana M, Rubiera G, Navarro G, Prados C, Chamarro J, Peraita-Costa I, Domínguez A, Working Group Of Project Fis Pi/. A Profile of Adult Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Pneumonia Patients According to Pneumococcal Vaccination Status. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1630. [PMID: 38005962 PMCID: PMC10675133 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11111630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Certain patient profile characteristics, such as preexisting medical conditions, can modify the risk of developing SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia among adults vaccinated and not vaccinated against pneumococcal disease. This retrospective cohort study aimed to quantify the risk of pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 among individuals from 15 to 64 years old with and without pneumococcal vaccination in Spain during the 2020-2021 influenza season and establish a risk profile of patients more likely to develop SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Data (demographic information, patient medical history, and lifestyle habits) were gathered both directly from the patient via personal interview and by reviewing electronic medical records. In an adjusted analysis for pneumococcal vaccinated patients, visits to hospital outpatient clinics were protective while visits to primary health care services, being widowed, obese, and not using masks in outdoor open spaces were identified as risk factors. For patients who had not received a pneumococcal vaccine, visits to hospital outpatient clinics were protective, while being overweight or obese, alcohol consumption, and not using masks in outdoor open spaces were identified as risk factors. Concerning comorbidities, in the pneumococcal vaccinated group none were found to be protective but having diabetes or other respiratory diseases were identified as risk factors. In the unvaccinated group, undergoing immunosuppressive treatment and having metastatic tumors were protective factors, while cerebrovascular disease and obesity with a BMI ≥ 40 were risk factors. A similar risk profile for developing SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in pneumococcal vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals was found. Generally, vaccinated individuals had a lower risk of developing SARS-CoV-2. The findings suggest that vaccination against S. pneumoniae could prevent and reduce SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Additionally, this study has identified individuals with other medical conditions, such as obesity, underweight, diabetes, and a history of respiratory diseases, who are at an increased risk of developing SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia and could benefit from vaccination and supervision.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Morales-Suárez-Varela
- Research Group in Social and Nutritional Epidemiology, Pharmacoepidemiology and Public Health, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estelles s/n, Burjassot, 46100 València, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center in Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute, Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11 Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Toledo
- Biomedical Research Center in Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute, Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11 Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - María Liébana
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Av. de las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Gerardo Rubiera
- Hospital Universitario de Cabueñes, C/de Los Prados 395, 33394 Gijón, Spain
| | - Gema Navarro
- Parc Tauli Hospital Universitari, C/Parc Taulí 1, 08208 Sabadell, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Tauli (I3PT-CERCA), Plaça Torre de l'Aigua s/n, 08208 Sabadell, Spain
- Department of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Av. Can Domènech Edifici M, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Concepción Prados
- Hospital Universitario La Paz, P.º de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Judith Chamarro
- Hospital Universitario de Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 3, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Isabel Peraita-Costa
- Research Group in Social and Nutritional Epidemiology, Pharmacoepidemiology and Public Health, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estelles s/n, Burjassot, 46100 València, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center in Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute, Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11 Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Angela Domínguez
- Biomedical Research Center in Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute, Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11 Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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10
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Lennon NJ, Kottyan LC, Kachulis C, Abul-Husn N, Arias J, Belbin G, Below JE, Berndt S, Chung W, Cimino JJ, Clayton EW, Connolly JJ, Crosslin D, Dikilitas O, Velez Edwards DR, Feng Q, Fisher M, Freimuth R, Ge T, Glessner JT, Gordon A, Guiducci C, Hakonarson H, Harden M, Harr M, Hirschhorn J, Hoggart C, Hsu L, Irvin R, Jarvik GP, Karlson EW, Khan A, Khera A, Kiryluk K, Kullo I, Larkin K, Limdi N, Linder JE, Loos R, Luo Y, Malolepsza E, Manolio T, Martin LJ, McCarthy L, Meigs JB, Mersha TB, Mosley J, Namjou B, Pai N, Pesce LL, Peters U, Peterson J, Prows CA, Puckelwartz MJ, Rehm H, Roden D, Rosenthal EA, Rowley R, Sawicki KT, Schaid D, Schmidlen T, Smit R, Smith J, Smoller JW, Thomas M, Tiwari H, Toledo D, Vaitinadin NS, Veenstra D, Walunas T, Wang Z, Wei WQ, Weng C, Wiesner G, Xianyong Y, Kenny E. Selection, optimization, and validation of ten chronic disease polygenic risk scores for clinical implementation in diverse populations. medRxiv 2023:2023.05.25.23290535. [PMID: 37333246 PMCID: PMC10275001 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.25.23290535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Polygenic risk scores (PRS) have improved in predictive performance supporting their use in clinical practice. Reduced predictive performance of PRS in diverse populations can exacerbate existing health disparities. The NHGRI-funded eMERGE Network is returning a PRS-based genome-informed risk assessment to 25,000 diverse adults and children. We assessed PRS performance, medical actionability, and potential clinical utility for 23 conditions. Standardized metrics were considered in the selection process with additional consideration given to strength of evidence in African and Hispanic populations. Ten conditions were selected with a range of high-risk thresholds: atrial fibrillation, breast cancer, chronic kidney disease, coronary heart disease, hypercholesterolemia, prostate cancer, asthma, type 1 diabetes, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. We developed a pipeline for clinical PRS implementation, used genetic ancestry to calibrate PRS mean and variance, created a framework for regulatory compliance, and developed a PRS clinical report. eMERGE's experience informs the infrastructure needed to implement PRS-based implementation in diverse clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Li Hsu
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center and University of Washington
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ulrike Peters
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center and University of Washington
| | | | | | | | | | - Dan Roden
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center
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11
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Vilaplana-Carnerero C, Giner-Soriano M, Dominguez À, Morros R, Pericas C, Álamo-Junquera D, Toledo D, Gallego C, Redondo A, Grau M. Atherosclerosis, Cardiovascular Disease, and COVID-19: A Narrative Review. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041206. [PMID: 37189823 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory and degenerative process that mainly occurs in large- and medium-sized arteries and is morphologically characterized by asymmetric focal thickenings of the innermost layer of the artery, the intima. This process is the basis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the most common cause of death worldwide. Some studies suggest a bidirectional link between atherosclerosis and the consequent CVD with COVID-19. The aims of this narrative review are (1) to provide an overview of the most recent studies that point out a bidirectional relation between COVID-19 and atherosclerosis and (2) to summarize the impact of cardiovascular drugs on COVID-19 outcomes. A growing body of evidence shows that COVID-19 prognosis in individuals with CVD is worse compared with those without. Moreover, various studies have reported the emergence of newly diagnosed patients with CVD after COVID-19. The most common treatments for CVD may influence COVID-19 outcomes. Thus, their implication in the infection process is briefly discussed in this review. A better understanding of the link among atherosclerosis, CVD, and COVID-19 could proactively identify risk factors and, as a result, develop strategies to improve the prognosis for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carles Vilaplana-Carnerero
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Maria Giner-Soriano
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Àngela Dominguez
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Consortium in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Morros
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Consortium in Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Carles Pericas
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Epidemiology Service, Public Health Agency of Barcelona (ASPB), 08023 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolores Álamo-Junquera
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Quality, Process and Innovation Direction, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Health Services Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diana Toledo
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Consortium in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Gallego
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Methodology, Quality and Medical Care Assessment Department, Direcció d'Atenció Primària Metropolitana Sud, Catalan Institute of Health (ICS), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Redondo
- Hospital Universitario Bellvitge, Catalan Institute of Health (ICS), 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Grau
- Biomedical Research Consortium in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Serra Húnter Fellow, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Sánchez‐Lavega A, del Rio‐Gaztelurrutia T, Hueso R, Juárez MDLT, Martínez GM, Harri A, Genzer M, Hieta M, Polkko J, Rodríguez‐Manfredi JA, Lemmon MT, Pla‐García J, Toledo D, Vicente‐Retortillo A, Viúdez‐Moreiras D, Munguira A, Tamppari LK, Newman C, Gómez‐Elvira J, Guzewich S, Bertrand T, Apéstigue V, Arruego I, Wolff M, Banfield D, Jaakonaho I, Mäkinen T. Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover Studies of the Martian Atmosphere Over Jezero From Pressure Measurements. J Geophys Res Planets 2023; 128:e2022JE007480. [PMID: 37034458 PMCID: PMC10078360 DOI: 10.1029/2022je007480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The pressure sensors on Mars rover Perseverance measure the pressure field in the Jezero crater on regular hourly basis starting in sol 15 after landing. The present study extends up to sol 460 encompassing the range of solar longitudes from L s ∼ 13°-241° (Martian Year (MY) 36). The data show the changing daily pressure cycle, the sol-to-sol seasonal evolution of the mean pressure field driven by the CO2 sublimation and deposition cycle at the poles, the characterization of up to six components of the atmospheric tides and their relationship to dust content in the atmosphere. They also show the presence of wave disturbances with periods 2-5 sols, exploring their baroclinic nature, short period oscillations (mainly at night-time) in the range 8-24 min that we interpret as internal gravity waves, transient pressure drops with duration ∼1-150 s produced by vortices, and rapid turbulent fluctuations. We also analyze the effects on pressure measurements produced by a regional dust storm over Jezero at L s ∼ 155°.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - A.‐M. Harri
- Finnish Meteorological InstituteHelsinkiFinland
| | - M. Genzer
- Finnish Meteorological InstituteHelsinkiFinland
| | - M. Hieta
- Finnish Meteorological InstituteHelsinkiFinland
| | - J. Polkko
- Finnish Meteorological InstituteHelsinkiFinland
| | | | | | | | - D. Toledo
- Centro de Astrobiología (INTA‐CSIC)MadridSpain
| | | | | | | | - L. K. Tamppari
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | | | | | - S. Guzewich
- NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA
| | | | - V. Apéstigue
- Instituto Nacional de Técnica AeroespacialINTAMadridSpain
| | - I. Arruego
- Instituto Nacional de Técnica AeroespacialINTAMadridSpain
| | - M. Wolff
- Space Science InstituteBrookfieldWIUSA
| | | | | | - T. Mäkinen
- Finnish Meteorological InstituteHelsinkiFinland
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13
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Murdoch N, Stott AE, Gillier M, Hueso R, Lemmon M, Martinez G, Apéstigue V, Toledo D, Lorenz RD, Chide B, Munguira A, Sánchez-Lavega A, Vicente-Retortillo A, Newman CE, Maurice S, de la Torre Juárez M, Bertrand T, Banfield D, Navarro S, Marin M, Torres J, Gomez-Elvira J, Jacob X, Cadu A, Sournac A, Rodriguez-Manfredi JA, Wiens RC, Mimoun D. The sound of a Martian dust devil. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7505. [PMID: 36513637 PMCID: PMC9747922 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35100-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dust devils (convective vortices loaded with dust) are common at the surface of Mars, particularly at Jezero crater, the landing site of the Perseverance rover. They are indicators of atmospheric turbulence and are an important lifting mechanism for the Martian dust cycle. Improving our understanding of dust lifting and atmospheric transport is key for accurate simulation of the dust cycle and for the prediction of dust storms, in addition to being important for future space exploration as grain impacts are implicated in the degradation of hardware on the surface of Mars. Here we describe the sound of a Martian dust devil as recorded by the SuperCam instrument on the Perseverance rover. The dust devil encounter was also simultaneously imaged by the Perseverance rover's Navigation Camera and observed by several sensors in the Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer instrument. Combining these unique multi-sensorial data with modelling, we show that the dust devil was around 25 m large, at least 118 m tall, and passed directly over the rover travelling at approximately 5 m s-1. Acoustic signals of grain impacts recorded during the vortex encounter provide quantitative information about the number density of particles in the vortex. The sound of a Martian dust devil was inaccessible until SuperCam microphone recordings. This chance dust devil encounter demonstrates the potential of acoustic data for resolving the rapid wind structure of the Martian atmosphere and for directly quantifying wind-blown grain fluxes on Mars.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Murdoch
- grid.508721.9Institut Supérieur de l’Aéronautique et de l’Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - A. E. Stott
- grid.508721.9Institut Supérieur de l’Aéronautique et de l’Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - M. Gillier
- grid.508721.9Institut Supérieur de l’Aéronautique et de l’Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - R. Hueso
- grid.11480.3c0000000121671098Física Aplicada, Escuela de Ingeniería de Bilbao, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - M. Lemmon
- grid.296797.40000 0004 6023 5450Space Science Institute, Boulder, CO 80301 USA
| | - G. Martinez
- grid.410493.b0000 0000 8634 1877Lunar and Planetary Institute, Universities Space Research Association, Houston, TX USA ,grid.214458.e0000000086837370Department of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - V. Apéstigue
- grid.15312.340000 0004 1794 1528Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial, Madrid, Spain
| | - D. Toledo
- grid.15312.340000 0004 1794 1528Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial, Madrid, Spain
| | - R. D. Lorenz
- grid.474430.00000 0004 0630 1170Space Exploration Sector, Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD USA
| | - B. Chide
- grid.148313.c0000 0004 0428 3079Space and Planetary Exploration Team, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM USA
| | - A. Munguira
- grid.11480.3c0000000121671098Física Aplicada, Escuela de Ingeniería de Bilbao, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - A. Sánchez-Lavega
- grid.11480.3c0000000121671098Física Aplicada, Escuela de Ingeniería de Bilbao, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | | | | | - S. Maurice
- grid.15781.3a0000 0001 0723 035XInstitut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, CNRS, CNES, Toulouse, France
| | - M. de la Torre Juárez
- grid.20861.3d0000000107068890Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA
| | - T. Bertrand
- grid.482824.00000 0004 0370 8434Laboratoire d’Etudes Spatiales et d’Instrumentation en Astrophysique (LESIA), Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Univ. Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, France
| | - D. Banfield
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XCornell University, Ithaca, NY USA ,grid.419075.e0000 0001 1955 7990NASA AMES Research Center, Moffett Field, CA USA
| | - S. Navarro
- grid.462011.00000 0001 2199 0769Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Marin
- grid.462011.00000 0001 2199 0769Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Torres
- grid.462011.00000 0001 2199 0769Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Gomez-Elvira
- grid.15312.340000 0004 1794 1528Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial, Madrid, Spain
| | - X. Jacob
- grid.15781.3a0000 0001 0723 035XInstitut de Mécanique des Fluides, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, INP, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - A. Cadu
- grid.508721.9Institut Supérieur de l’Aéronautique et de l’Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - A. Sournac
- grid.508721.9Institut Supérieur de l’Aéronautique et de l’Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | - R. C. Wiens
- grid.169077.e0000 0004 1937 2197Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA
| | - D. Mimoun
- grid.508721.9Institut Supérieur de l’Aéronautique et de l’Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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14
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Viúdez‐Moreiras D, de la Torre M, Gómez‐Elvira J, Lorenz RD, Apéstigue V, Guzewich S, Mischna M, Sullivan R, Herkenhoff K, Toledo D, Lemmon M, Smith M, Newman CE, Sánchez‐Lavega A, Rodríguez‐Manfredi JA, Richardson M, Hueso R, Harri AM, Tamppari L, Arruego I, Bell J. Winds at the Mars 2020 Landing Site. 2. Wind Variability and Turbulence. J Geophys Res Planets 2022; 127:e2022JE007523. [PMID: 37033152 PMCID: PMC10078282 DOI: 10.1029/2022je007523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Wind speeds measured by the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover in Jezero crater were fitted as a Weibull distribution. InSight wind data acquired in Elysium Planitia were also used to contextualize observations. Jezero winds were found to be much calmer on average than in previous landing sites, despite the intense aeolian activity observed. However, a great influence of turbulence and wave activity was observed in the wind speed variations, thus driving the probability of reaching the highest wind speeds at Jezero, instead of sustained winds driven by local, regional, or large-scale circulation. The power spectral density of wind speed fluctuations follows a power-law, whose slope deviates depending on the time of day from that predicted considering homogeneous and isotropic turbulence. Daytime wave activity is related to convection cells and smaller eddies in the boundary layer, advected over the crater. The signature of convection cells was also found during dust storm conditions, when prevailing winds were consistent with a tidal drive. Nighttime fluctuations were also intense, suggesting strong mechanical turbulence. Convective vortices were usually involved in rapid wind fluctuations and extreme winds, with variations peaking at 9.2 times the background winds. Transient high wind events by vortex-passages, turbulence, and wave activity could be driving aeolian activity at Jezero. We report the detection of a strong dust cloud of 0.75-1.5 km in length passing over the rover. The observed aeolian activity had major implications for instrumentation, with the wind sensor suffering damage throughout the mission, probably due to flying debris advected by winds.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Viúdez‐Moreiras
- Centro de Astrobiología (CAB, CSIC‐INTA) and National Institute for Aerospace Technology (INTA)MadridSpain
| | - M. de la Torre
- Jet Propulsion LaboratoryCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | - J. Gómez‐Elvira
- National Institute for Aerospace Technology (INTA)MadridSpain
| | | | - V. Apéstigue
- National Institute for Aerospace Technology (INTA)MadridSpain
| | - S. Guzewich
- NASA Goddard Spaceflight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA
| | - M. Mischna
- Jet Propulsion LaboratoryCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | | | | | - D. Toledo
- National Institute for Aerospace Technology (INTA)MadridSpain
| | - M. Lemmon
- Space Science InstituteCollege StationTXUSA
| | - M. Smith
- NASA Goddard Spaceflight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA
| | | | | | - J. A. Rodríguez‐Manfredi
- Centro de Astrobiología (CAB, CSIC‐INTA) and National Institute for Aerospace Technology (INTA)MadridSpain
| | | | - R. Hueso
- Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU)BilbaoSpain
| | - A. M. Harri
- Finnish Meteorological InstituteHelsinkiFinland
| | - L. Tamppari
- Jet Propulsion LaboratoryCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | - I. Arruego
- National Institute for Aerospace Technology (INTA)MadridSpain
| | - J. Bell
- School of Earth and Space ExplorationArizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA
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15
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Lemmon MT, Smith MD, Viudez‐Moreiras D, de la Torre‐Juarez M, Vicente‐Retortillo A, Munguira A, Sanchez‐Lavega A, Hueso R, Martinez G, Chide B, Sullivan R, Toledo D, Tamppari L, Bertrand T, Bell JF, Newman C, Baker M, Banfield D, Rodriguez‐Manfredi JA, Maki JN, Apestigue V. Dust, Sand, and Winds Within an Active Martian Storm in Jezero Crater. Geophys Res Lett 2022; 49:e2022GL100126. [PMID: 36245893 PMCID: PMC9540647 DOI: 10.1029/2022gl100126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Rovers and landers on Mars have experienced local, regional, and planetary-scale dust storms. However, in situ documentation of active lifting within storms has remained elusive. Over 5-11 January 2022 (LS 153°-156°), a dust storm passed over the Perseverance rover site. Peak visible optical depth was ∼2, and visibility across the crater was briefly reduced. Pressure amplitudes and temperatures responded to the storm. Winds up to 20 m s-1 rotated around the site before the wind sensor was damaged. The rover imaged 21 dust-lifting events-gusts and dust devils-in one 25-min period, and at least three events mobilized sediment near the rover. Rover tracks and drill cuttings were extensively modified, and debris was moved onto the rover deck. Migration of small ripples was seen, but there was no large-scale change in undisturbed areas. This work presents an overview of observations and initial results from the study of the storm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M. D. Smith
- NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA
| | | | | | | | - A. Munguira
- Física Aplicada, Escuela de Ingeniería de BilbaoUPV/EHUBilbaoSpain
| | | | - R. Hueso
- Física Aplicada, Escuela de Ingeniería de BilbaoUPV/EHUBilbaoSpain
| | | | - B. Chide
- Space and Planetary Exploration TeamLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNMUSA
| | | | - D. Toledo
- Instituto Nacional de Técnica AerospacialMadridSpain
| | - L. Tamppari
- Jet Propulsion LaboratoryCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | | | | | | | - M. Baker
- Smithsonian National Air and Space MuseumWashingtonDCUSA
| | | | | | - J. N. Maki
- Jet Propulsion LaboratoryCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | - V. Apestigue
- Instituto Nacional de Técnica AerospacialMadridSpain
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16
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Lemmon MT, Toledo D, Apestigue V, Arruego I, Wolff MJ, Patel P, Guzewich S, Colaprete A, Vicente‐Retortillo Á, Tamppari L, Montmessin F, de la Torre Juarez M, Maki J, McConnochie T, Brown A, Bell JF. Hexagonal Prisms Form in Water-Ice Clouds on Mars, Producing Halo Displays Seen by Perseverance Rover. Geophys Res Lett 2022; 49:e2022GL099776. [PMID: 36245894 PMCID: PMC9539710 DOI: 10.1029/2022gl099776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Observations by several cameras on the Perseverance rover showed a 22° scattering halo around the Sun over several hours during northern midsummer (solar longitude 142°). Such a halo has not previously been seen beyond Earth. The halo occurred during the aphelion cloud belt season and the cloudiest time yet observed from the Perseverance site. The halo required crystalline water-ice cloud particles in the form of hexagonal columns large enough for refraction to be significant, at least 11 μm in diameter and length. From a possible 40-50 km altitude, and over the 3.3 hr duration of the halo, particles could have fallen 3-12 km, causing downward transport of water and dust. Halo-forming clouds are likely rare due to the high supersaturation of water that is required but may be more common in northern subtropical regions during northern midsummer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D. Toledo
- Instituto Nacional de Técnica AerospacialMadridSpain
| | - V. Apestigue
- Instituto Nacional de Técnica AerospacialMadridSpain
| | - I. Arruego
- Instituto Nacional de Técnica AerospacialMadridSpain
| | | | - P. Patel
- Jet Propulsion LaboratoryCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
- Mullard Space Science LaboratoryUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - S. Guzewich
- NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA
| | | | | | - L. Tamppari
- Jet Propulsion LaboratoryCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | | | | | - J. Maki
- Jet Propulsion LaboratoryCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | | | - A. Brown
- Plancius ResearchSeverna ParkMDUSA
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17
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Irwin PGJ, Teanby NA, Fletcher LN, Toledo D, Orton GS, Wong MH, Roman MT, Pérez‐Hoyos S, James A, Dobinson J. Hazy Blue Worlds: A Holistic Aerosol Model for Uranus and Neptune, Including Dark Spots. J Geophys Res Planets 2022; 127:e2022JE007189. [PMID: 35865671 PMCID: PMC9286428 DOI: 10.1029/2022je007189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We present a reanalysis (using the Minnaert limb-darkening approximation) of visible/near-infrared (0.3-2.5 μm) observations of Uranus and Neptune made by several instruments. We find a common model of the vertical aerosol distribution i.e., consistent with the observed reflectivity spectra of both planets, consisting of: (a) a deep aerosol layer with a base pressure >5-7 bar, assumed to be composed of a mixture of H2S ice and photochemical haze; (b) a layer of photochemical haze/ice, coincident with a layer of high static stability at the methane condensation level at 1-2 bar; and (c) an extended layer of photochemical haze, likely mostly of the same composition as the 1-2-bar layer, extending from this level up through to the stratosphere, where the photochemical haze particles are thought to be produced. For Neptune, we find that we also need to add a thin layer of micron-sized methane ice particles at ∼0.2 bar to explain the enhanced reflection at longer methane-absorbing wavelengths. We suggest that methane condensing onto the haze particles at the base of the 1-2-bar aerosol layer forms ice/haze particles that grow very quickly to large size and immediately "snow out" (as predicted by Carlson et al. (1988), https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1988)045<2066:CMOTGP>2.0.CO;2), re-evaporating at deeper levels to release their core haze particles to act as condensation nuclei for H2S ice formation. In addition, we find that the spectral characteristics of "dark spots", such as the Voyager-2/ISS Great Dark Spot and the HST/WFC3 NDS-2018, are well modelled by a darkening or possibly clearing of the deep aerosol layer only.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - N. A. Teanby
- School of Earth SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - L. N. Fletcher
- School of Physics & AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
| | - D. Toledo
- Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)MadridSpain
| | - G. S. Orton
- Jet Propulsion LaboratoryCalifornia Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA
| | - M. H. Wong
- Center for Integrative Planetary ScienceUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCAUSA
| | - M. T. Roman
- School of Physics & AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
| | | | - A. James
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - J. Dobinson
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
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18
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Rese A, Conte M, Pastore F, Ciaglia G, Pepe A, Toledo D, Panelli G, Francomacaro F, Iorio V. PD-0738 Radiosurgery in brain metastases: single vs multifraction treatment. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07017-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Rodriguez-Manfredi JA, de la Torre Juárez M, Alonso A, Apéstigue V, Arruego I, Atienza T, Banfield D, Boland J, Carrera MA, Castañer L, Ceballos J, Chen-Chen H, Cobos A, Conrad PG, Cordoba E, del Río-Gaztelurrutia T, de Vicente-Retortillo A, Domínguez-Pumar M, Espejo S, Fairen AG, Fernández-Palma A, Ferrándiz R, Ferri F, Fischer E, García-Manchado A, García-Villadangos M, Genzer M, Giménez S, Gómez-Elvira J, Gómez F, Guzewich SD, Harri AM, Hernández CD, Hieta M, Hueso R, Jaakonaho I, Jiménez JJ, Jiménez V, Larman A, Leiter R, Lepinette A, Lemmon MT, López G, Madsen SN, Mäkinen T, Marín M, Martín-Soler J, Martínez G, Molina A, Mora-Sotomayor L, Moreno-Álvarez JF, Navarro S, Newman CE, Ortega C, Parrondo MC, Peinado V, Peña A, Pérez-Grande I, Pérez-Hoyos S, Pla-García J, Polkko J, Postigo M, Prieto-Ballesteros O, Rafkin SCR, Ramos M, Richardson MI, Romeral J, Romero C, Runyon KD, Saiz-Lopez A, Sánchez-Lavega A, Sard I, Schofield JT, Sebastian E, Smith MD, Sullivan RJ, Tamppari LK, Thompson AD, Toledo D, Torrero F, Torres J, Urquí R, Velasco T, Viúdez-Moreiras D, Zurita S. The Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer, MEDA. A Suite of Environmental Sensors for the Mars 2020 Mission. Space Sci Rev 2021; 217:48. [PMID: 34776548 PMCID: PMC8550605 DOI: 10.1007/s11214-021-00816-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
NASA's Mars 2020 (M2020) rover mission includes a suite of sensors to monitor current environmental conditions near the surface of Mars and to constrain bulk aerosol properties from changes in atmospheric radiation at the surface. The Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer (MEDA) consists of a set of meteorological sensors including wind sensor, a barometer, a relative humidity sensor, a set of 5 thermocouples to measure atmospheric temperature at ∼1.5 m and ∼0.5 m above the surface, a set of thermopiles to characterize the thermal IR brightness temperatures of the surface and the lower atmosphere. MEDA adds a radiation and dust sensor to monitor the optical atmospheric properties that can be used to infer bulk aerosol physical properties such as particle size distribution, non-sphericity, and concentration. The MEDA package and its scientific purpose are described in this document as well as how it responded to the calibration tests and how it helps prepare for the human exploration of Mars. A comparison is also presented to previous environmental monitoring payloads landed on Mars on the Viking, Pathfinder, Phoenix, MSL, and InSight spacecraft.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - V. Apéstigue
- Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), Madrid, Spain
| | - I. Arruego
- Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), Madrid, Spain
| | - T. Atienza
- Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D. Banfield
- Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
| | - J. Boland
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA
| | | | - L. Castañer
- Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. Ceballos
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Sevilla (US-CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | - H. Chen-Chen
- Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - A. Cobos
- CRISA-Airbus, Tres Cantos, Spain
| | | | - E. Cordoba
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA
| | | | | | | | - S. Espejo
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Sevilla (US-CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | - A. G. Fairen
- Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - R. Ferrándiz
- Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - F. Ferri
- Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - E. Fischer
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | | | | | - M. Genzer
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - S. Giménez
- Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Gómez-Elvira
- Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), Madrid, Spain
| | - F. Gómez
- Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - A.-M. Harri
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - C. D. Hernández
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA
| | - M. Hieta
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - R. Hueso
- Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - I. Jaakonaho
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J. J. Jiménez
- Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), Madrid, Spain
| | - V. Jiménez
- Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Larman
- Added-Value-Solutions, Elgoibar, Spain
| | - R. Leiter
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA
| | - A. Lepinette
- Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - G. López
- Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S. N. Madsen
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA
| | - T. Mäkinen
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M. Marín
- Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - G. Martínez
- Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX USA
| | - A. Molina
- Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - S. Navarro
- Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - C. Ortega
- Added-Value-Solutions, Elgoibar, Spain
| | - M. C. Parrondo
- Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), Madrid, Spain
| | - V. Peinado
- Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - A. Peña
- CRISA-Airbus, Tres Cantos, Spain
| | | | | | | | - J. Polkko
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M. Postigo
- Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - M. Ramos
- Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | | | - J. Romeral
- Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - C. Romero
- Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - A. Saiz-Lopez
- Dept. of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - I. Sard
- Added-Value-Solutions, Elgoibar, Spain
| | - J. T. Schofield
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA
| | - E. Sebastian
- Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - M. D. Smith
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD USA
| | - R. J. Sullivan
- Cornell Center for Astrophysics and Planetary Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
| | - L. K. Tamppari
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA
| | - A. D. Thompson
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA USA
| | - D. Toledo
- Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - J. Torres
- Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - R. Urquí
- Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - S. Zurita
- Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Soldevila N, Toledo D, Ortiz de Lejarazu R, Tamames S, Castilla J, Astray J, Fernández MA, Martín V, Egurrola M, Morales Suárez-Varela M, Domínguez À. Effect of antiviral treatment in older patients hospitalized with confirmed influenza. Antiviral Res 2020; 178:104785. [PMID: 32234540 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Seasonal influenza causes significant morbidity and mortality in people aged ≥65 years. Antiviral treatment can reduce complications and disease severity. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of antiviral treatment in patients aged ≥65 years hospitalized with confirmed influenza in preventing intensive care unit (ICU) admission or death. A retrospective cohort study was carried out in 20 hospitals from seven Spanish regions during 2013-2015 in patients aged ≥65 years. Hospitalized cases of laboratory-confirmed influenza were selected. To assess the association between antiviral treatment and ICU admission or death, the adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using multivariate logistic regression. We included 715 hospitalized patients, of whom 640 (87.9%) received antiviral treatment, 77 (10.8%) required ICU admission and 66 (9.2%) died. In the 64-74 years age group, receipt of antiviral treatment ≤48 h (aOR 0.20; 95% CI 0.04-0.89), 3-4 days (aOR 0.23; 95% CI 0.05-0.92) and 5-7 days (aOR 0.24; 95% CI 0.03-0.91) after clinical symptom onset was associated with reduced mortality. Receipt of treatment >7 days after symptom onset was not associated with reduced mortality. No association of antiviral treatment with reduced mortality was observed in the >74 years age group or with the prevention of ICU admission in any age group. Antiviral treatment had a protective effect in avoiding death in patients aged 65-74 years hospitalized due to influenza when administered ≤48 h after symptom onset and when no more than 7 days had elapsed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Soldevila
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Diana Toledo
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Sonia Tamames
- Direccion General de Salud Pública, Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Junta de Castilla y León, León, Spain
| | - Jesús Castilla
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jenaro Astray
- Dirección General de Salud Publica Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Amelia Fernández
- Servicio de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Vicente Martín
- Instituto de Biomedicina (BIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mikel Egurrola
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital de Galdakao, Usansolo, Spain
| | - María Morales Suárez-Varela
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Àngela Domínguez
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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Fernando S, Schwarz N, Sandeman L, Skoumbourdis T, Dimasi C, Xie J, Zareh J, Williamson A, Toledo D, Di Bartolo B, Tan J, Nicholls S, Proud C, Psaltis P, Bursill C. 037 Eukaryotic Elongation Factor 2 Kinase (eEF2k) Regulates Foam Cell Formation and Atherosclerosis by Promoting Translation and Glycosylation of CD36 Scavenger Receptor Expression in Macrophages. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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22
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Pastore F, Rese A, Panelli G, Pepe A, Toledo D, Iorio V. PO-0713 PDRN-based cream in the prevention and treatment of radiodermatitis in Head and nech cancer: our experience. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)31133-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Pastore F, Rese A, Panelli G, Pepe A, Toledo D, Iorio V. EP-1595 In unoperable SSCC, radiotherapy schedules could be chosen using dermoscopic features? Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)32015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Fernando S, Schwarz N, Sandeman L, Skoumbourdis T, Zareh J, Williamson A, Dimasi C, Toledo D, Tan J, B BD, Bursill C, Nicholls S, Proud C, Psaltis P. Eukaryotic Elongation Factor 2 Kinase (eEF2k) Regulates Cholesterol Uptake by Macrophages via CD36 Scavenger Receptor Expression. Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Williamson A, Toledo D, Schwarz N, Fernando S, Dimasi C, Liyanage S, Skoumbourdis T, Chandrakanthan V, Tan J, Bonder C, Di Bartolo B, Nicholls S, Bursill C, Psaltis P. Postnatal Mouse Aorta Contains Yolk Sac-Derived Haemangioblasts with Myeloid and Endothelial Plasticity and Vasculogenic Capacity. Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Casado I, Domínguez Á, Toledo D, Chamorro J, Astray J, Egurrola M, Fernández-Sierra MA, Martín V, Morales-Suárez-Varela M, Godoy P, Castilla J. Repeated influenza vaccination for preventing severe and fatal influenza infection in older adults: a multicentre case-control study. CMAJ 2018; 190:E3-E12. [PMID: 29311098 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.170910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effectiveness of repeated vaccination for influenza to prevent severe cases remains unclear. We evaluated the effectiveness of influenza vaccination on preventing admissions to hospital for influenza and reducing disease severity. METHODS We conducted a case-control study in 20 hospitals in Spain during the 2013/14 and 2014/15 influenza seasons. Community-dwelling adults aged 65 years or older who were admitted to hospital for laboratory-confirmed influenza were matched with inpatient controls by sex, age, hospital and admission date. The effectiveness of vaccination in the current and 3 previous seasons in preventing influenza was estimated for inpatients with nonsevere influenza and for those with severe influenza who were admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) or who died. RESULTS We enrolled 130 inpatients with severe and 598 with nonsevere influenza who were matched to 333 and 1493 controls, respectively. Compared with patients who were unvaccinated in the current and 3 previous seasons, adjusted effectiveness of influenza vaccination in the current and any previous season was 31% (95% confidence interval [CI] 13%-46%) in preventing admission to hospital for nonsevere influenza, 74% (95% CI 42%-88%) in preventing admissions to ICU and 70% (95% CI 34%-87%) in preventing death. Vaccination in the current season only had no significant effect on cases of severe influenza. Among inpatients with influenza, vaccination in the current and any previous season reduced the risk of severe outcomes (adjusted odds ratio 0.45, 95% CI 0.26-0.76). INTERPRETATION Among older adults, repeated vaccination for influenza was twice as effective in preventing severe influenza compared with nonsevere influenza in patients who were admitted to hospital, which is attributable to the combination of the number of admissions to hospital for influenza that were prevented and reduced disease severity. These results reinforce recommendations for annual vaccination for influenza in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itziar Casado
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra - IdiSNA (Casado, Castilla), Pamplona, Spain; Departament de Medicina (Domínguez, Toledo), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (Chamorro), Pamplona, Spain; Subdirección General de Epidemiología (Astray), Madrid, Spain; Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (Egurrola), Vizcaya, Spain; Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada (Fernández-Sierra), Granada, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad de León (Martín), León, Spain; Departament de Medicina Preventiva (Morales-Suárez-Varela), Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya (Godoy), Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Lleida, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP (Casado, Domínguez, Toledo, Martín, Morales-Suárez-Varela, Godoy, Castilla), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángela Domínguez
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra - IdiSNA (Casado, Castilla), Pamplona, Spain; Departament de Medicina (Domínguez, Toledo), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (Chamorro), Pamplona, Spain; Subdirección General de Epidemiología (Astray), Madrid, Spain; Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (Egurrola), Vizcaya, Spain; Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada (Fernández-Sierra), Granada, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad de León (Martín), León, Spain; Departament de Medicina Preventiva (Morales-Suárez-Varela), Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya (Godoy), Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Lleida, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP (Casado, Domínguez, Toledo, Martín, Morales-Suárez-Varela, Godoy, Castilla), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Toledo
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra - IdiSNA (Casado, Castilla), Pamplona, Spain; Departament de Medicina (Domínguez, Toledo), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (Chamorro), Pamplona, Spain; Subdirección General de Epidemiología (Astray), Madrid, Spain; Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (Egurrola), Vizcaya, Spain; Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada (Fernández-Sierra), Granada, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad de León (Martín), León, Spain; Departament de Medicina Preventiva (Morales-Suárez-Varela), Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya (Godoy), Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Lleida, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP (Casado, Domínguez, Toledo, Martín, Morales-Suárez-Varela, Godoy, Castilla), Madrid, Spain
| | - Judith Chamorro
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra - IdiSNA (Casado, Castilla), Pamplona, Spain; Departament de Medicina (Domínguez, Toledo), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (Chamorro), Pamplona, Spain; Subdirección General de Epidemiología (Astray), Madrid, Spain; Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (Egurrola), Vizcaya, Spain; Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada (Fernández-Sierra), Granada, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad de León (Martín), León, Spain; Departament de Medicina Preventiva (Morales-Suárez-Varela), Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya (Godoy), Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Lleida, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP (Casado, Domínguez, Toledo, Martín, Morales-Suárez-Varela, Godoy, Castilla), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jenaro Astray
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra - IdiSNA (Casado, Castilla), Pamplona, Spain; Departament de Medicina (Domínguez, Toledo), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (Chamorro), Pamplona, Spain; Subdirección General de Epidemiología (Astray), Madrid, Spain; Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (Egurrola), Vizcaya, Spain; Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada (Fernández-Sierra), Granada, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad de León (Martín), León, Spain; Departament de Medicina Preventiva (Morales-Suárez-Varela), Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya (Godoy), Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Lleida, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP (Casado, Domínguez, Toledo, Martín, Morales-Suárez-Varela, Godoy, Castilla), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mikel Egurrola
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra - IdiSNA (Casado, Castilla), Pamplona, Spain; Departament de Medicina (Domínguez, Toledo), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (Chamorro), Pamplona, Spain; Subdirección General de Epidemiología (Astray), Madrid, Spain; Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (Egurrola), Vizcaya, Spain; Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada (Fernández-Sierra), Granada, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad de León (Martín), León, Spain; Departament de Medicina Preventiva (Morales-Suárez-Varela), Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya (Godoy), Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Lleida, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP (Casado, Domínguez, Toledo, Martín, Morales-Suárez-Varela, Godoy, Castilla), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Amelia Fernández-Sierra
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra - IdiSNA (Casado, Castilla), Pamplona, Spain; Departament de Medicina (Domínguez, Toledo), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (Chamorro), Pamplona, Spain; Subdirección General de Epidemiología (Astray), Madrid, Spain; Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (Egurrola), Vizcaya, Spain; Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada (Fernández-Sierra), Granada, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad de León (Martín), León, Spain; Departament de Medicina Preventiva (Morales-Suárez-Varela), Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya (Godoy), Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Lleida, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP (Casado, Domínguez, Toledo, Martín, Morales-Suárez-Varela, Godoy, Castilla), Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Martín
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra - IdiSNA (Casado, Castilla), Pamplona, Spain; Departament de Medicina (Domínguez, Toledo), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (Chamorro), Pamplona, Spain; Subdirección General de Epidemiología (Astray), Madrid, Spain; Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (Egurrola), Vizcaya, Spain; Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada (Fernández-Sierra), Granada, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad de León (Martín), León, Spain; Departament de Medicina Preventiva (Morales-Suárez-Varela), Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya (Godoy), Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Lleida, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP (Casado, Domínguez, Toledo, Martín, Morales-Suárez-Varela, Godoy, Castilla), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Morales-Suárez-Varela
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra - IdiSNA (Casado, Castilla), Pamplona, Spain; Departament de Medicina (Domínguez, Toledo), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (Chamorro), Pamplona, Spain; Subdirección General de Epidemiología (Astray), Madrid, Spain; Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (Egurrola), Vizcaya, Spain; Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada (Fernández-Sierra), Granada, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad de León (Martín), León, Spain; Departament de Medicina Preventiva (Morales-Suárez-Varela), Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya (Godoy), Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Lleida, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP (Casado, Domínguez, Toledo, Martín, Morales-Suárez-Varela, Godoy, Castilla), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pere Godoy
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra - IdiSNA (Casado, Castilla), Pamplona, Spain; Departament de Medicina (Domínguez, Toledo), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (Chamorro), Pamplona, Spain; Subdirección General de Epidemiología (Astray), Madrid, Spain; Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (Egurrola), Vizcaya, Spain; Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada (Fernández-Sierra), Granada, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad de León (Martín), León, Spain; Departament de Medicina Preventiva (Morales-Suárez-Varela), Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya (Godoy), Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Lleida, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP (Casado, Domínguez, Toledo, Martín, Morales-Suárez-Varela, Godoy, Castilla), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Castilla
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra - IdiSNA (Casado, Castilla), Pamplona, Spain; Departament de Medicina (Domínguez, Toledo), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (Chamorro), Pamplona, Spain; Subdirección General de Epidemiología (Astray), Madrid, Spain; Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (Egurrola), Vizcaya, Spain; Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada (Fernández-Sierra), Granada, Spain; Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad de León (Martín), León, Spain; Departament de Medicina Preventiva (Morales-Suárez-Varela), Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya (Godoy), Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Lleida, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública - CIBERESP (Casado, Domínguez, Toledo, Martín, Morales-Suárez-Varela, Godoy, Castilla), Madrid, Spain.
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Cárdenas AM, Gallardo P, Toledo D. Suitability of multiple Mediterranean oak species as a food resource for Reticulitermes grassei Clément (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae). Bull Entomol Res 2018; 108:532-539. [PMID: 29103385 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485317001043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The subterranean termite Reticulitermes grassei Clément causes lesions in the trunk of Quercus suber L. by constructing feeding galleries, but no information is available regarding other Quercus species from the Mediterranean region. This work aimed to study the suitability of the other main oak species of Mediterranean forests as a food resource for R. grassei. Two experiments, choice and non-choice feeding, were conducted lasting for 15, 30, and 45 days each. In the non-choice experiment, termites were offered one of the following food types: Quercus suber, Quercus ilex L., Quercus faginea Lam, cork or Pinus pinea L., which was considered the control. The choice feeding experiment used all the same food types listed above, supplied simultaneously in the same container. Food selection was examined by analysing the relationships over time between surviving termites and food consumption. The results indicated that R. grassei could be considered a generalist species, as it consumed the cork and wood of all oak species, as well as displaying a clear preference for soft wood (pine). Correlation analysis indicated that consumption was not dependent on wood density. Survival of R. grassei was influenced by the time of exposure to different oak species, but a high survival rate was maintained over time in the pine treatment (upper 70% in the three experiments). Given these results, it can be concluded that all the oak species are a suitable food source for R. grassei.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Cárdenas
- Department of Zoology,Campus Rabanales, University of Córdoba,Córdoba E-14071,Spain
| | - P Gallardo
- Department of Zoology,Campus Rabanales, University of Córdoba,Córdoba E-14071,Spain
| | - D Toledo
- Department of Zoology,Campus Rabanales, University of Córdoba,Córdoba E-14071,Spain
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28
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Toledo D, Soldevila N, Torner N, Pérez-Lozano MJ, Espejo E, Navarro G, Egurrola M, Domínguez Á. Factors associated with 30-day readmission after hospitalisation for community-acquired pneumonia in older patients: a cross-sectional study in seven Spanish regions. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e020243. [PMID: 29602852 PMCID: PMC5884368 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hospital readmission in patients admitted for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is frequent in the elderly and patients with multiple comorbidities, resulting in a clinical and economic burden. The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with 30-day readmission in patients with CAP. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING The study was conducted in patients admitted to 20 hospitals in seven Spanish regions during two influenza seasons (2013-2014 and 2014-2015). PARTICIPANTS We included patients aged ≥65 years admitted through the emergency department with a diagnosis compatible with CAP. Patients who died during the initial hospitalisation and those hospitalised more than 30 days were excluded. Finally, 1756 CAP cases were included and of these, 200 (11.39%) were readmitted. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES 30-day readmission. RESULTS Factors associated with 30-day readmission were living with a person aged <15 years (adjusted OR (aOR) 2.10, 95% CI 1.01 to 4.41), >3 hospital visits during the 90 previous days (aOR 1.53, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.34), chronic respiratory failure (aOR 1.74, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.45), heart failure (aOR 1.69, 95% CI 1.21 to 2.35), chronic liver disease (aOR 2.27, 95% CI 1.20 to 4.31) and discharge to home with home healthcare (aOR 5.61, 95% CI 1.70 to 18.50). No associations were found with pneumococcal or seasonal influenza vaccination in any of the three previous seasons. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that 11.39% of patients aged ≥65 years initially hospitalised for CAP were readmitted within 30 days after discharge. Rehospitalisation was associated with preventable and non-preventable factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Toledo
- Epidemiología y Salud Pública, (CIBERESP), Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, M.P, Madrid, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Soldevila
- Epidemiología y Salud Pública, (CIBERESP), Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, M.P, Madrid, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Torner
- Epidemiología y Salud Pública, (CIBERESP), Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, M.P, Madrid, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Servei de Control Epidemiològic, Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Elena Espejo
- Unitat de Malalties Infeccioses, Hospital de Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Navarro
- Unitatd'Epidemiologia i Avaluació, Parc Tauli Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mikel Egurrola
- Serviciode Neumología, Hospital de Galdakao, Usansolo, Spain
| | - Ángela Domínguez
- Epidemiología y Salud Pública, (CIBERESP), Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, M.P, Madrid, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Domínguez A, Soldevila N, Toledo D, Godoy P, Espejo E, Fernandez MA, Mayoral JM, Castilla J, Egurrola M, Tamames S, Astray J, Morales-Suárez-Varela M. The effectiveness of influenza vaccination in preventing hospitalisations of elderly individuals in two influenza seasons: a multicentre case-control study, Spain, 2013/14 and 2014/15. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 22. [PMID: 28857047 PMCID: PMC5753443 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2017.22.34.30602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Influenza vaccination may limit the impact of influenza in the community. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of influenza vaccination in preventing hospitalisation in individuals aged ≥ 65 years in Spain. A multicentre case–control study was conducted in 20 Spanish hospitals during 2013/14 and 2014/15. Patients aged ≥ 65 years who were hospitalised with laboratory-confirmed influenza were matched with controls according to sex, age and date of hospitalisation. Adjusted vaccine effectiveness (VE) was calculated by multivariate conditional logistic regression. A total of 728 cases and 1,826 matched controls were included in the study. Overall VE was 36% (95% confidence interval (CI): 22–47). VE was 51% (95% CI: 15–71) in patients without high-risk medical conditions and 30% (95% CI: 14–44) in patients with them. VE was 39% (95% CI: 20–53) in patients aged 65–79 years and 34% (95% CI: 11–51) in patients aged ≥ 80 years, and was greater against the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 subtype than the A(H3N2) subtype. Influenza vaccination was effective in preventing hospitalisations of elderly individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Domínguez
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Soldevila
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Toledo
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pere Godoy
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Jesús Castilla
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Sonia Tamames
- Dirección General de Salud Pública, Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Junta de Castilla y León, León, Spain
| | | | - María Morales-Suárez-Varela
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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- The members of the Working Group are listed at the end of the article
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Godoy P, Castilla J, Soldevila N, Mayoral JM, Toledo D, Martín V, Astray J, Egurrola M, Morales-Suarez-Varela M, Domínguez A. Smoking may increase the risk of influenza hospitalization and reduce influenza vaccine effectiveness in the elderly. Eur J Public Health 2017; 28:150-155. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pere Godoy
- Department of Health, Generalitat of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain
- IRBLleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Jesús Castilla
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain
- Public Health Institute of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Núria Soldevila
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Diana Toledo
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Martín
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain
- University of Leon, Leon, Spain
| | - Jenaro Astray
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain
- Area of Epidemiology, Community of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Angela Domínguez
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Castro M, Horie L, Kawamura K, Rascov F, Toledo D. MON-P005: Diabetes Specific Enteral Formulas in ICU. Clin Nutr 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(17)31078-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Toledo D, Soldevila N, Guayta-Escolies R, Lozano P, Rius P, Gascón P, Domínguez A. Knowledge of and Attitudes to Influenza Vaccination among Community Pharmacists in Catalonia (Spain). 2013-2014 Season: A Cross Sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2017; 14:ijerph14070756. [PMID: 28696401 PMCID: PMC5551194 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14070756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Annual recommendations on influenza seasonal vaccination include community pharmacists, who have low vaccination coverage. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between influenza vaccination in community pharmacists and their knowledge of and attitudes to vaccination. An online cross-sectional survey of community pharmacists in Catalonia, Spain, was conducted between September and November 2014. Sociodemographic, professional and clinical variables, the history of influenza vaccination and knowledge of and attitudes to influenza and seasonal influenza vaccination were collected. The survey response rate was 7.33% (506 out of 6906); responses from 463 community pharmacists were included in the final analyses. Analyses were performed using multivariable logistic regression models and stepwise backward selection method for variable selection. The influenza vaccination coverage in season 2013–2014 was 25.1%. There was an association between vaccination and correct knowledge of the virus responsible for epidemics (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) = 1.74; 95% CI 1.03–2.95), recommending vaccination in the postpartum (aOR = 3.63; 95% CI 2.01–6.55) and concern about infecting their clients (aOR = 5.27; 95% CI 1.88–14.76). In conclusion, community pharmacists have a very low influenza vaccination coverage, are not very willing to recommend vaccination to all their customers but they are concerned about infecting their clients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Toledo
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Núria Soldevila
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Rafel Guayta-Escolies
- Unitat de Projectes i Recerca, Consell de Col·legis Farmacèutics de Catalunya, 08009 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Pau Lozano
- Unitat de Projectes i Recerca, Consell de Col·legis Farmacèutics de Catalunya, 08009 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Pilar Rius
- Unitat de Projectes i Recerca, Consell de Col·legis Farmacèutics de Catalunya, 08009 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Pilar Gascón
- Unitat de Projectes i Recerca, Consell de Col·legis Farmacèutics de Catalunya, 08009 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Angela Domínguez
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
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Morales-Suárez-Varela M, Llopis-González A, Vergara-Hernández C, Fernandez-Fabrellas E, Sanz F, Perez-Lozano MJ, Martin V, Astray J, Castilla J, Egurrola M, Force L, Toledo D, Domínguez À, Project Working Group. Asthma in older people hospitalized with influenza in Spain: A case-control study. Allergy Asthma Proc 2017; 38:277-285. [PMID: 28668107 DOI: 10.2500/aap.2017.38.4060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influenza infection is an exacerbating factor for asthma, and its prevention is critical in older patients with asthma. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the association between asthma and influenza-related hospitalization, in Spain, of patients ages ≥ 65 years and their clinical evolution. METHODS A multicenter case-control study was carried out in 20 Spanish hospitals during the 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 influenza seasons. Patients ages ≥ 65 years hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza with and without asthma were matched with controls according to the presence of asthma, sex, age, hospital, and date of hospitalization. RESULTS A total of 561 patients with influenza (15.9% with asthma) and 1258 patients without influenza (8.0% with asthma) were included as cases and controls, respectively. The adjusted risk of influenza for patients with asthma was calculated by multivariate conditional logistic regression. The adjustment variables were the following: smoker/nonsmoker, pneumonia in the 2 years before hospital admission, previous oral treatment with corticosteroids, influenza vaccination during the seasonal campaign, Barthel index (ordinal scale used to measure performance in activities of daily living), level of education, obesity, and the presence of other comorbidities. Patients with asthma presented a great risk of influenza (adjusted odds ratio 2.64 [95% confidence interval, 1.77-3.94]). Compared with patients without asthma, patients with asthma had more symptoms, and these had been present for longer before admission but presented a lower hospital or postdischarge mortality. CONCLUSION This study indicated that asthma was associated with hospitalization from influenza A infection. Although patients with asthma and with influenza had more symptoms, hospital or postdischarge mortality was lower, probably due to a better response to medical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Morales-Suárez-Varela
- Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Publica, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Suárez-Varela MM, Llopis A, Fernandez-Fabrellas E, Sanz F, Perez-Lozano MJ, Martin V, Astray J, Castilla J, Egurrola M, Force L, Toledo D, Domínguez À. Asthma and influenza vaccination in elderly hospitalized patients: Matched case-control study in Spain. J Asthma 2017. [PMID: 28636411 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2017.1332204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Influenza infection is an exacerbating factor for asthma, and its prevention is critical in managing asthmatic patients. We investigated the effect of influenza vaccination on asthmatic and non-asthmatic patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza in Spain. METHODS We made a matched case-control study to assess the frequency of hospitalization for influenza in people aged ≥65 years. Hospitalized patients with unplanned hospital admissions were recruited from 20 hospitals representing seven Spanish regions. Cases were defined as those hospitalized due to a laboratory-confirmed influenza infection and controls were matched by age, sex, and hospital. Data were obtained from clinical records, and patients stratified by clinical asthma history. Vaccination status and asthma due to influenza infection were analyzed according to sociodemographic variables and medical risk conditions. Multivariable analysis was made using conditional logistic regression models. RESULTS 582 hospitalized patients with influenza (15.8% asthmatic) and 1,570 hospitalized patients without influenza (7.9% asthmatic) were included. In the multivariable conditional logistic regression using unvaccinated and non-asthmatic patients as the reference group, vaccination significantly prevented influenza in non-asthmatic patients (aOR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.88) and also showed a trend for a possibly protective effect in asthmatic patients (aOR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.34, 1.81). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that influenza vaccination could be a protective factor for asthmatic patients, although the results are inconclusive and further research is required. Practically, given the better clinical evolution of vaccinated asthma cases, and the lack of better evidence, the emphasis on vaccination of this group should continue.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Morales Suárez-Varela
- a Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Publica, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva , Universidad de Valencia , Burjasot, Valencia , Spain.,b CIBER en Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) , Madrid , Spain.,c Centro Superior de Investigación en Salud Pública (CSISP) , Valencia , Spain
| | - Agustin Llopis
- a Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Publica, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva , Universidad de Valencia , Burjasot, Valencia , Spain.,b CIBER en Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) , Madrid , Spain.,c Centro Superior de Investigación en Salud Pública (CSISP) , Valencia , Spain
| | | | | | - M Jose Perez-Lozano
- e Servicio de Medicina Preventiva , Hospital Universitario del Valme , Sevilla, Andalucia , Spain
| | - Vicente Martin
- f Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Publica, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas , Universidad de León , León , Spain
| | - Jenaro Astray
- g Subdirección General de Epidemiologia de la Comunidad de Madrid , Madrid , Spain
| | - Jesús Castilla
- h Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA) , Recinto de Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra C/Irunlarrea , Pamplona, Navarra , Spain
| | - Mikel Egurrola
- i Servicio de Inmunología , Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo , Usansolo, Vizcaya , Spain
| | - Luis Force
- j Hospital de Mataró , Mataró, Barcelona , Spain
| | - Diana Toledo
- b CIBER en Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) , Madrid , Spain.,k Departamento de Salud Pública , Universidad de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Àngela Domínguez
- b CIBER en Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) , Madrid , Spain.,k Departamento de Salud Pública , Universidad de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
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Godoy P, García-Cenoz M, Toledo D, Carmona G, Caylà JA, Alsedà M, Àlvarez J, Barrabeig I, Camps N, Plans P, Company M, Castilla J, Sala-Farré MR, Muñoz-Almagro C, Rius C, Domínguez À. Factors influencing the spread of pertussis in households: a prospective study, Catalonia and Navarre, Spain, 2012 to 2013. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 21:30393. [PMID: 27918260 PMCID: PMC5144939 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2016.21.45.30393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate transmission rates of pertussis in household contacts of cases and factors associated with transmission. A prospective epidemiological study was conducted in 2012 and 2013 to determine the incidence of pertussis among household contacts of reported cases in Catalonia and Navarre, Spain. An epidemiological survey was completed for each case and contact, who were followed for 28 days to determine the source of infection (primary case) and detect the occurrence of secondary cases. Odds ratios (ORs) were used to estimate the effectiveness of vaccination and chemoprophylaxis in preventing new cases, using the formula (1 − OR) × 100. For the 688 primary cases, a total of 2,852 contacts were recorded. The household transmission rate was 16.1% (459/2,852) and rose according to the age (> 18 years) and lack of immunisation of the primary cases, and also the age (0–18 years), family relationship (siblings and children), lack of vaccination and chemoprophylaxis of contacts. Pertussis vaccine effectiveness in preventing new cases was 65.0% (95% confidence interval (CI): 11.6 to 86.2) for full vaccination (≥ 4 doses) and 59.7% (95% CI: −6.8 to 84.8) for incomplete vaccination (< 4 doses). The effectiveness of chemoprophylaxis was 62.1% (95% CI: 40.3 to 75.9). To reduce household transmission, contacts should be investigated to detect further cases and to administer chemoprophylaxis. The current vaccination status of cases and contacts can reduce household transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pere Godoy
- Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.,Ciber de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain.,Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Manuel García-Cenoz
- Ciber de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.,Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Navarre, Spain
| | - Diana Toledo
- Ciber de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain.,Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Joan A Caylà
- Ciber de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain.,Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Alsedà
- Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Josep Àlvarez
- Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Neus Camps
- Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Plans
- Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.,Ciber de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Company
- Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Castilla
- Ciber de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Muñoz-Almagro
- Ciber de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital de Sant Joan de Dèu, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Rius
- Ciber de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain.,Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Àngela Domínguez
- Ciber de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain.,Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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- Members of the group are listed at the end of the article
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36
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Domínguez À, Soldevila N, Toledo D, Torner N, Force L, Pérez MJ, Martín V, Rodríguez-Rojas L, Astray J, Egurrola M, Sanz F, Castilla J. Effectiveness of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination in preventing community-acquired pneumonia hospitalization and severe outcomes in the elderly in Spain. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171943. [PMID: 28187206 PMCID: PMC5302444 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pneumococcal pneumonia is a serious cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly, but investigation of the etiological agent of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is not possible in most hospitalized patients. The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination (PPSV23) in preventing CAP hospitalization and reducing the risk of intensive care unit admission (ICU) and fatal outcomes in hospitalized people aged ≥65 years. We made a multicenter case-control study in 20 Spanish hospitals during 2013-2014 and 2014-2015. We selected patients aged ≥65 years hospitalized with a diagnosis of pneumonia and controls matched by sex, age and date of hospitalization. Multivariate analysis was performed using conditional logistic regression to estimate vaccine effectiveness and unconditional logistic regression to evaluate the reduction in the risk of severe and fatal outcomes. 1895 cases and 1895 controls were included; 13.7% of cases and 14.4% of controls had received PPSV23 in the last five years. The effectiveness of PPSV23 in preventing CAP hospitalization was 15.2% (95% CI -3.1-30.3). The benefit of PPSV23 in avoiding ICU admission or death was 28.1% (95% CI -14.3-56.9) in all patients, 30.9% (95% CI -32.2-67.4) in immunocompetent patients and 26.9% (95% CI -38.6-64.8) in immunocompromised patients. In conclusion, PPSV23 showed a modest trend to avoidance of hospitalizations due to CAP and to the prevention of death or ICU admission in elderly patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of CAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Àngela Domínguez
- Departament de Salut Pública, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Núria Soldevila
- Departament de Salut Pública, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Toledo
- Departament de Salut Pública, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Núria Torner
- Departament de Salut Pública, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Francisco Sanz
- Consorci Hospital General Universitari de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jesús Castilla
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
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37
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Mason-Suares H, Toledo D, Gekas J, Lafferty KA, Meeks N, Pacheco MC, Sharpe D, Mullen TE, Lebo MS. Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia-associated variants are associated with neo-natal lethal Noonan syndrome. Eur J Hum Genet 2017; 25:509-511. [PMID: 28098151 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2016.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Gain-of-function variants in some RAS-MAPK pathway genes, including PTPN11 and NRAS, are associated with RASopathies and/or acquired hematological malignancies, most notably juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML). With rare exceptions, the spectrum of germline variants causing RASopathies does not overlap with the somatic variants identified in isolated JMML. Studies comparing these variants suggest a stronger gain-of-function activity in the JMML variants. As JMML variants have not been identified as germline defects and have a greater impact on protein function, it has been speculated that they would be embryonic lethal. Here we identified three variants, which have previously only been identified in isolated somatic JMML and other sporadic cancers, in four cases with a severe pre- or neo-natal lethal presentation of Noonan syndrome. These cases support the hypothesis that these stronger gain-of-function variants are rarely compatible with life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Mason-Suares
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Departments of Pathology, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Diana Toledo
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jean Gekas
- Department of Medical Biology, Le CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Katherine A Lafferty
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Naomi Meeks
- Section of Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - M Cristina Pacheco
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospitals & Clinics of MN, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - David Sharpe
- Maternal Fetal Medicine, Riverside Methodist Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Thomas E Mullen
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Matthew S Lebo
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Departments of Pathology, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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38
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Torner N, Izquierdo C, Soldevila N, Toledo D, Chamorro J, Espejo E, Fernández-Sierra A, Domínguez A. Factors associated with 30-day mortality in elderly inpatients with community acquired pneumonia during 2 influenza seasons. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016; 13:450-455. [PMID: 27924681 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1264782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) refers to pneumonia unrelated to hospitals or extended-care facilities. The aim of this study was to determine factors associated with 30-day mortality in patients with CAP aged ≥ 65 y admitted to 20 hospitals in 7 Spanish regions during the 2013-14 and 2014-15 influenza seasons. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with 30-day mortality. The adjusted model included variables selected by backward elimination with a cut off of < 0.02. A total of 1928 CAP cases were recorded; 60.7% were male, 46.67% were aged 75-84 years, and 30-day mortality was 7.6% (n = 146). Pneumococcal vaccination had a significant protective effect (OR 0.68, 95% CI, 0.48-0.96; p = 0.03) and influenza vaccination in any 3 preceding seasons slight protective effect against CAP (OR 0.72, 95% CI, 0.51-1.02;p = 0.06). Factors significantly associated with 30-day mortality were having a degree of dependence (aOR 3.67, 95% CI, 2.34-5.75; p < 0,001); age ≥ 85 y (OR 3.01, 95% CI, 1.71-5.30; p < 0.001), liver impairment (aOR 2.41, 95% CI, 1.10-5.31; p = 0.03); solid organ neoplasm (aOR 2.24, 95% CI, 1.46-3.45; p < 0.001), impaired cognitive function (aOR 1.93, 95% CI, 1.22-3.05; p = 0.005), and ICU admittance (aOR2.56, 95% CI, 1.27-5.16; p = 0.009); length of stay (aOR 1.56, 95% CI, 1.02 - 2.40; p = 0.04) and cardio-respiratory resuscitation (aOR 7.75, 95% CI, 1.20 - 49.98; p = 0.03). No association was observed for other comorbidities such as chronic pulmonary obstructive disease (COPD) or heart conditions in the adjusted model. Offering both pneumococcal and influenza vaccination to the elderly may improve 30-day mortality in patients with CAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Torner
- a CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute , Madrid , Spain.,b Department of Medicine. Public Health Unit , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain.,c Public Health Agency of Catalonia. Generalitat of Catalonia , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Conchita Izquierdo
- c Public Health Agency of Catalonia. Generalitat of Catalonia , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Núria Soldevila
- a CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute , Madrid , Spain
| | - Diana Toledo
- a CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute , Madrid , Spain
| | - Judith Chamorro
- d Preventive Medicine Service, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra , Pamplona , Spain
| | - Elena Espejo
- e Health Consortium of Terrassa , Terrassa , Spain
| | - Amelia Fernández-Sierra
- f Preventive Medicine and Public Health. Complejo Hospitalario Universitario , Granada , Spain
| | - Angela Domínguez
- a CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute , Madrid , Spain.,b Department of Medicine. Public Health Unit , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
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39
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Torner N, Navas E, Soldevila N, Toledo D, Navarro G, Morillo A, Pérez MJ, Domínguez A. Costs associated with influenza-related hospitalization in the elderly. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016; 13:412-416. [PMID: 27925855 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1264829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Seasonal influenza epidemics remain a considerable burden in adults, especially in those at higher risk of complications. The aim of this study was to determine the costs associated with influenza-related hospitalization in patients aged ≥65 y admitted to 20 hospitals from 7 Spanish regions during the 2013-14 and 2014-15 influenza seasons. Bivariate analysis was used to compare costs in vaccinated and unvaccinated cases. Costs were calculated according to the Spanish National Health System diagnosis-related group tables for influenza and other respiratory system conditions (GRD 89 and GRD 101). A total of 728 confirmed influenza cases were recorded: 52.9% were male, 46.7% were aged 75-84 years, and 49.3% received influenza vaccine ≥15 d prior to hospital admission. Influenza-related mean hospitalization costs (MHC) were € 1,184,808 in unvaccinated and € 1,152,333 in vaccinated cases (2.75% lower). Influenza vaccination showed significant protection against ICU admission (OR 0.35, 95%CI 0.21-0.59; p < 0001); mechanical ventilation (OR 0.56, 95%CI 0.39-0.80; p = 0.002); secondary bacterial pneumonia (OR 0.61, 95%CI 0.39-0.98; p = 0.04) and a higher degree of dependence (OR 0.74, 95%CI 0.55-0.99; p = 0.04). No association was observed for the Charlson comorbidity index or the mean hospital stay. Although influenza vaccination of the elderly may not achieve significant savings in mean hospitalization costs, it may lessen the degree of severity and avoid complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Torner
- a CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Madrid , Spain.,b Department of Medicine , Public Health Unit. University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain.,c Public Health Agency of Catalonia , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Encarna Navas
- c Public Health Agency of Catalonia , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Núria Soldevila
- a CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Madrid , Spain
| | - Diana Toledo
- a CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Madrid , Spain
| | - Gemma Navarro
- d Epidemiology Unit , Corporació Sanitària i Universitaria Parc Taulí , Sabadell , Spain
| | - Aurea Morillo
- a CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Madrid , Spain.,e Preventive Medicine and Public Health Department , University Hospital Virgen del Rocio , Seville , Spain
| | - Maria José Pérez
- a CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Madrid , Spain.,f Preventive Medicine and Public Health Department , University Hospital of Valme , Seville , Spain
| | - Angela Domínguez
- a CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Madrid , Spain.,b Department of Medicine , Public Health Unit. University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
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Domínguez A, Soldevila N, Toledo D, Godoy P, Torner N, Force L, Castilla J, Mayoral JM, Tamames S, Martín V, Egurrola M, Sanz F, Astray J, Project PI12/02079 Working Group. Factors associated with pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination of the elderly in Spain: A cross-sectional study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016; 12:1891-9. [PMID: 27064311 PMCID: PMC4964813 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2016.1149661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 09/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination of the elderly is an important factor in limiting the impact of pneumonia in the community. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination in patients aged ≥ 65 years hospitalized for causes unrelated to pneumonia, acute respiratory disease, or influenza-like illness in Spain. We made a cross-sectional study during 2013-2014. A bivariate analysis was performed comparing vaccinated and unvaccinated patients, taking into account sociodemographic variables and risk medical conditions. A multivariate analysis was performed using multilevel regression models. 921 patients were included; 403 (43.8%) had received the pneumococcal vaccine (394 received the polysaccharide vaccine). Visiting the general practitioner ≥ 3 times during the last year (OR = 1.79; 95% CI 1.25-2.57); having received the influenza vaccination in the 2013-14 season (OR = 2.57; 95% CI 1.72-3.84) or in any of the 3 previous seasons (OR = 11.70; 95% CI 7.42-18.45) were associated with receiving the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. Pneumococcal vaccination coverage of hospitalized elderly people is low. The elderly need to be targeted about pneumococcal vaccination and activities that encourage healthcare workers to proactively propose vaccination might be useful. Educational campaigns aimed at the elderly could also help to increase vaccination coverages and reduce the burden of pneumococcal disease in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Domínguez
- Departament de Salut Pública, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Núria Soldevila
- Departament de Salut Pública, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Toledo
- Departament de Salut Pública, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pere Godoy
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Núria Torner
- Departament de Salut Pública, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Force
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital de Mataró, Mataró, Spain
| | - Jesús Castilla
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Sonia Tamames
- Dirección General de Salud Pública, Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Junta de Castilla y León, León, Spain
| | - Vicente Martín
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Área de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Mikel Egurrola
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - Francisco Sanz
- Servicio de Neumología, Consorci Hospital General Universitari de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jenaro Astray
- Área de Epidemiología, Consejería de Sanidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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41
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Brotons P, de Paz HD, Toledo D, Villanova M, Plans P, Jordan I, Dominguez A, Jane M, Godoy P, Muñoz-Almagro C. Differences in Bordetella pertussis DNA load according to clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with whooping cough. J Infect 2016; 72:460-7. [PMID: 26850358 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2016.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify associations between nasopharyngeal Bordetella pertussis DNA load and clinical and epidemiological characteristics and evaluate DNA load prognostic value in pertussis severity. METHODS Prospective observational multi-centre study including nasopharyngeal samples positive to pertussis DNA by real-time PCR collected from children and adult patients in more than 200 health centres of Catalonia (Spain) during 2012-2013. RESULTS B. pertussis load was inversely correlated with age (rho = -0.32, p < 0.001), time to diagnosis (rho = -0.33, p < 0.001) and number of symptoms (rho = 0.13, p = 0.002). Median bacterial load was significantly higher in inpatients versus outpatients (4.91 vs. 2.55 log10 CFU/mL, p < 0.001), patients with complications versus those without (6.05 vs. 2.82 log10 CFU/mL, p < 0.001), disease incidence in summer and autumn versus spring and winter (3.50 vs. 2.21 log10 CFU/mL, p = 0.002), and unvaccinated-partially vaccinated patients versus vaccinated (4.20 vs. 2.76 log10 CFU/mL, p = 0.004). A logistic regression model including bacterial load and other candidate prognostic factors showed good prediction for hospital care (AUC = 0.94) although only age and unvaccinated status were found to be prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS We observed strong positive associations of nasopharyngeal bacterial load with severity outcomes of hospitalisation and occurrence of complications. Bacterial load and other independent variables contributed to an accurate prognostic model for hospitalisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Brotons
- Molecular Microbiology Department, University Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08950, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Hector D de Paz
- Molecular Microbiology Department, University Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08950, Spain
| | - Diana Toledo
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Marta Villanova
- Molecular Microbiology Department, University Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08950, Spain
| | - Pedro Plans
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain; Public Health Agency of Catalonia, Barcelona, 08005, Spain
| | - Iolanda Jordan
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain; Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Molecular Microbiology Department, University Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08950, Spain
| | - Angela Dominguez
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain; Department of Public Health, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08005, Spain
| | - Mireia Jane
- Public Health Agency of Catalonia, Barcelona, 08005, Spain
| | - Pere Godoy
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain; Public Health Agency of Catalonia, Barcelona, 08005, Spain
| | - Carmen Muñoz-Almagro
- Molecular Microbiology Department, University Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08950, Spain; CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain.
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Domínguez À, Soldevila N, Toledo D, Godoy P, Castilla J, Force L, Morales M, Mayoral JM, Egurrola M, Tamames S, Martín V, Astray J. Factors Associated with Influenza Vaccination of Hospitalized Elderly Patients in Spain. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147931. [PMID: 26824383 PMCID: PMC4732680 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination of the elderly is an important factor in limiting the impact of influenza in the community. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with influenza vaccination coverage in hospitalized patients aged ≥ 65 years hospitalized due to causes unrelated to influenza in Spain. We carried out a cross-sectional study. Bivariate analysis was performed comparing vaccinated and unvaccinated patients, taking in to account sociodemographic variables and medical risk conditions. Multivariate analysis was performed using multilevel regression models. We included 1038 patients: 602 (58%) had received the influenza vaccine in the 2013-14 season. Three or more general practitioner visits (OR = 1.61; 95% CI 1.19-2.18); influenza vaccination in any of the 3 previous seasons (OR = 13.57; 95% CI 9.45-19.48); and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination (OR = 1.97; 95% CI 1.38-2.80) were associated with receiving the influenza vaccine. Vaccination coverage of hospitalized elderly people is low in Spain and some predisposing characteristics influence vaccination coverage. Healthcare workers should take these characteristics into account and be encouraged to proactively propose influenza vaccination to all patients aged ≥ 65 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Àngela Domínguez
- Departament de Salut Pública, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Núria Soldevila
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Toledo
- Departament de Salut Pública, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Godoy
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Jesús Castilla
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - María Morales
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Sonia Tamames
- Dirección General de Salud Pública, Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Junta de Castilla y León, León, Spain
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Casado I, Domínguez A, Toledo D, Chamorro J, Force L, Soldevila N, Astray J, Egurrola M, Godoy P, Mayoral JM, Tamames S, Sanz F, Castilla J, The Project PI12/02079 Working Grou. Effect of influenza vaccination on the prognosis of hospitalized influenza patients. Expert Rev Vaccines 2016; 15:425-32. [DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2016.1134328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Itziar Casado
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, IdiSNA – Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Angela Domínguez
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Salut Pública, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diana Toledo
- Departament de Salut Pública, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Chamorro
- Servicio de Medicina Preventiva, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Lluis Force
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital de Mataró, Mataró, Spain
| | - Núria Soldevila
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Salut Pública, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jenaro Astray
- Dirección de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mikel Egurrola
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital de Galdakao, Usansolo, Spain
| | - Pere Godoy
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | | | - Sonia Tamames
- Dirección General de Salud Pública, Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Francisco Sanz
- Servicio de Neumología, Consorci Hospital General Universitari de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jesús Castilla
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, IdiSNA – Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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Crespo I, Toledo D, Soldevila N, Jordán I, Solano R, Castilla J, Caylà JA, Godoy P, Muñoz-Almagro C, Domínguez Á. Characteristics of Hospitalized Cases of Pertussis in Catalonia and Navarra, Two Regions in the North of Spain. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139993. [PMID: 26440655 PMCID: PMC4595087 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pertussis causes a large number of cases and hospitalizations in Catalonia and Navarra. We made a study of household cases of pertussis during 2012 and 2013 in order to identify risk factors for hospitalization in pertussis cases. Each primary case reported triggered the study of their contacts. Close contacts at home and people who were in contact for >2 hours during the transmission period of cases were included. The adjusted OR and 95% confidence intervals (CI) was calculated using logistic regression. A total of 1124 pertussis cases were detected, of which 14.9% were hospitalized. Inspiratory whoop (aOR: 1.64; CI: 1.02-2.65), apnoea (aOR: 2.47; CI: 1.51-4.03) and cyanosis (aOR: 15.51; CI: 1.87-128.09) were more common in hospitalized than in outpatient cases. Hospitalization occurred in 8.7% of correctly-vaccinated cases, 41.1% of non-vaccinated cases and 9.4% of partially-vaccinated cases. In conclusion, inspiratory whoop, apnoea and cyanosis were associated factors to hospitalization while vaccination reduced hospitalizations due to pertussis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inma Crespo
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health. Barcelona, Spain
- Public Health Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Diana Toledo
- Public Health Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Public Health Agency, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Soldevila
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health. Barcelona, Spain
- Public Health Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iolanda Jordán
- Paediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rubén Solano
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health. Barcelona, Spain
- Public Health Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Public Health Agency, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Castilla
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health. Barcelona, Spain
- Public Health Institute, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Joan A. Caylà
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health. Barcelona, Spain
- Public Health Agency, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Godoy
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health. Barcelona, Spain
- Agency of Public Health of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ángela Domínguez
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health. Barcelona, Spain
- Public Health Department, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Castro M, Girade F, Horie L, Toledo D, Oliveira M. SUN-PP058: Which Body Weight Should I Use in Critical III. Clin Nutr 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(15)30209-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Domínguez A, Godoy P, Castilla J, María Mayoral J, Soldevila N, Torner N, Toledo D, Astray J, Tamames S, García-Gutiérrez S, González-Candelas F, Martín V, Díaz J. Knowledge of and attitudes to influenza in unvaccinated primary care physicians and nurses. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2015; 10:2378-86. [PMID: 25424945 PMCID: PMC4896788 DOI: 10.4161/hv.29142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary healthcare workers, especially nurses, are exposed to the vast majority of patients with influenza and play an important role in vaccinating patients. Healthcare workers’ misconceptions about influenza and influenza vaccination have been reported as possible factors associated with lack of vaccination. The objective of this study was to compare the characteristics of unvaccinated physicians and unvaccinated nurses in the 2011–2012 influenza season. We performed an anonymous web survey of Spanish primary healthcare workers in 2012. Information was collected on vaccination and knowledge of and attitudes to the influenza vaccine. Multivariate analysis was performed using unconditional logistic regression. We included 461 unvaccinated physicians and 402 unvaccinated nurses. Compared with unvaccinated nurses, unvaccinated physicians had more frequently received seasonal influenza vaccination in the preceding seasons (aOR 1.58; 95% CI 1.11–2.25), and more frequently believed that vaccination of high risk individuals is effective in reducing complications (aOR 2.53; 95% CI 1.30–4.95) and that influenza can be a serious illness (aOR 1.65; 95% CI 1.17–2.32). In contrast, unvaccinated physicians were less concerned about infecting patients (aOR 0.62; 95% CI 0.40–0.96). Unvaccinated nurses had more misconceptions than physicians about influenza and the influenza vaccine and more doubts about the severity of annual influenza epidemics in patients with high risk conditions and the prevention of complications by means of the influenza vaccination. For unvaccinated physicians, strategies to improve vaccination coverage should stress the importance of physicians as a possible source of infection of their patients. The effectiveness of influenza vaccination of high risk persons should be emphasized in nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Domínguez
- a Departament de Salut Pública; Universitat de Barcelona; Barcelona, Spain
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Godoy P, Castilla J, Mayoral JM, Martín V, Astray J, Torner N, Toledo D, Soldevila N, González-Candelas F, García S, Diaz-Borrego J, Tamames S, Domínguez A. Influenza vaccination of primary healthcare physicians may be associated with vaccination in their patients: a vaccination coverage study. BMC Fam Pract 2015; 16:44. [PMID: 25880501 PMCID: PMC4389995 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-015-0259-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background To assess the contribution of physician-related factors, especially their influenza vaccine status, in the vaccination coverage of their patients. Methods A study of vaccination coverage was carried out in Spain in 2011–12. The dependent variable (vaccination coverage in patients aged ≥65 years) was obtained from regional records. Information was gathered on the vaccination of physicians through an anonymous web survey. We compared the vaccination coverage of patients with the vaccination of their physicians using the Student t test. Associations were determined using a multilevel regression model. Results The coverage in patients aged ≥ 65 years was 56.3% and was higher (57.3%) in patients whose physician had been vaccinated than in those whose physician had not (55.2%) (p = 0.008). In the multilevel regression model, vaccination of the physician was associated (p = 0.049) with vaccination of their patients after controlling for the effects of age (p = 0.046), region (p = 0.089), and opinions on the effectiveness of the vaccine (p = 0.013). Conclusions Vaccination of physicians together with their opinions on the effectiveness of the vaccine may be a predictor of vaccination coverage in their patients. Further studies are required to confirm this. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12875-015-0259-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pere Godoy
- Agencia de Salud Pública de Cataluña, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain. .,Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Lleida, Universidad de Lleida (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain.
| | - Jesús Castilla
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain. .,Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
| | | | - Vicente Martín
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain. .,Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad de León, León, Spain.
| | - Jenaro Astray
- Área de Epidemiología, Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Núria Torner
- Agencia de Salud Pública de Cataluña, Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain. .,Departamento de Salud Pública, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Diana Toledo
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain. .,Departamento de Salud Pública, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Servicio de Epidemiología, Agencia de Salud Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Núria Soldevila
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain. .,Departamento de Salud Pública, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Fernando González-Candelas
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro Superior de Investigación en Salud Pública, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Susana García
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Galdakao-Usansolo, Guipúzcoa, Spain.
| | | | - Sonia Tamames
- Dirección General de Salud Pública, Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Junta de Castilla y León, León, Spain.
| | - Angela Domínguez
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain. .,Departamento de Salud Pública, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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48
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Antón-Ladislao A, García-Gutiérrez S, Soldevila N, González-Candelas F, Godoy P, Castilla J, Mayoral JM, Astray J, Martín V, Tamames S, Toledo D, Aguirre U, Domínguez A. Visualizing knowledge and attitude factors related to influenza vaccination of physicians. Vaccine 2014; 33:885-91. [PMID: 25529290 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To characterize groups of primary healthcare physicians according to sociodemographic data, years of professional experience and knowledge of and attitudes to influenza, and to evaluate differences between groups with respect to influenza vaccination in the 2011-2012 season. METHODS We carried out an anonymous web survey of Spanish primary healthcare physicians in 2012. Information on vaccination, and knowledge of and attitudes to influenza was collected. Multiple correspondence analysis and cluster analysis were used to define groups of physicians. RESULTS We included 835 physicians and identified three types. Type B were physicians with low professional experience of influenza. Types A and C were physicians with high professional experience with influenza, type A also had a high awareness of influenza and seasonal vaccination. Types A and C were older and more often male than type B (p<0.0001). Knowledge of influenza was greatest in type A and lowest in type B. Awareness of influenza was greatest in type A and lowest in type C. In type A, 71.0% of physicians were vaccinated in the 2011-2012 season, compared with 48.1% and 33.6% from types B and C, respectively (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Additional efforts should be made to increase interest and concerns about preventing the transmission of influenza in physicians who do not believe influenza is a severe disease and are not concerned about its transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ane Antón-Ladislao
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Galdakao-Usansolo (Osakidetza), Galdakao, Bizkaia, Spain; Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), Galdakao, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Susana García-Gutiérrez
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Galdakao-Usansolo (Osakidetza), Galdakao, Bizkaia, Spain; Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), Galdakao, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Núria Soldevila
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Fernando González-Candelas
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Unidad Mixta Genómica y Salud FISABIO-Salud Pública, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pere Godoy
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Castilla
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Jenaro Astray
- Área de Epidemiología, Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Martín
- Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - Sonia Tamames
- Dirección General de Salud Pública, Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Junta de Castilla y León, León, Spain
| | - Diana Toledo
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Departament de Salut Pública, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Urko Aguirre
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Galdakao-Usansolo (Osakidetza), Galdakao, Bizkaia, Spain; Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), Galdakao, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Angela Domínguez
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Departament de Salut Pública, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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49
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Solano R, Rius C, Simón P, Manzanares-Laya S, Ros M, Toledo D, Domíngez À, Caylà JA. Evaluation of reported cases of pertussis: epidemiological study in a large city in Spain. J Med Microbiol 2014; 63:1688-1695. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.079756-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We retrospectively analysed the incidence rate of reported cases of pertussis in Barcelona during 2009–2012 according to age, sex, type of medical centre and vaccination status. We included 748 confirmed or suspected cases, 613 (82.0 %) of which were confirmed by laboratory testing and the remaining 135 (18.0 %) by epidemiological evidence. The highest reported incidence of pertussis was amongst <1 year olds [96.1 per 100 000 person-years, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 84.3–109.1]. The majority of confirmed and suspected cases were reported in 2011 and 2012, and the total incidence (confirmed or suspected) was 6.3 (95 % CI: 5.6–6.9) and 4.2 (95 % CI: 3.6–4.7) per 100 000 person-years, respectively. Incidence increased significantly (P = 0.001) in 2011–2012 compared with 2009. Most confirmed cases occurred in children <1 year old (87.9 %). Cases were confirmed by real-time (RT)-PCR (87.5 %; 95 % CI: 81.3–87.6) and bacterial culture (13.7 %; 95 % CI: 11.0–17.1). We recommend performing RT-PCR in suspected cases with no epidemiological link to a confirmed case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Solano
- Epidemiology Department, Barcelona Public Health Agency, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Carlos III Health Institute (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Rius
- Epidemiology Department, Barcelona Public Health Agency, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Carlos III Health Institute (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pere Simón
- Epidemiology Department, Barcelona Public Health Agency, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Miriam Ros
- Epidemiology Department, Barcelona Public Health Agency, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diana Toledo
- Department of Public Health, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Àngela Domíngez
- Department of Public Health, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Carlos III Health Institute (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan A. Caylà
- Epidemiology Department, Barcelona Public Health Agency, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health, Carlos III Health Institute (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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50
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Castro M, Toledo D, Horie L, Antunes C, Seiji Kawamura K, Tepedino J. PP016-MON: Knowledge of Different Medical Specialties in Nutritional Therapy. Clin Nutr 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(14)50351-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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