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Safitri IA, Sugijo Y, Puspasari F, Masduki FF, Ihsanawati, Giri-Rachman EA, Artarini AA, Tan MI, Natalia D. Immunogenicity studies of recombinant RBD SARS-CoV-2 as a COVID-19 vaccine candidate produced in Escherichia coli. Vaccine X 2024; 16:100443. [PMID: 38304876 PMCID: PMC10832452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 -related global COVID-19 pandemic has been impacting millions of people since its outbreak in 2020. COVID-19 vaccination has proven highly efficient in reducing illness severity and preventing infection-related fatalities. The World Health Organization has granted emergency use approval to multiple, including protein subunit technology-based, COVID-19 vaccines. Foreseeably, additional COVID-19 subunit vaccine development would be essential to meet the accessible and growing demand for effective vaccines, especially for Low-Middle-Income Countries (LMIC). The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD), as the primary target for neutralizing antibodies, holds significant potential for future COVID-19 subunit vaccine development. In this study, we developed a recombinant Escherichia coli-expressed RBD (rRBD) as a vaccine candidate and evaluated its immunogenicity and preliminary toxicity in BALB/c mice. The rRBD induced humoral immune response from day 7 post-vaccination and, following the booster doses, the IgG levels increased dramatically in mice. Interestingly, our vaccine candidate also significantly induced cellular immune response, indicated by the incrased IFN-ɣ-producing cell numbers. We observed no adverse effect or local reactogenicity either in control or treated mice. Taken together, our discoveries could potentially support efficient and cost-effective vaccine antigen production, from which LMICs could particularly benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intan Aghniya Safitri
- Biology Department, School of Life Science and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Yovin Sugijo
- Biochemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Fernita Puspasari
- Biochemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Fifi Fitriyah Masduki
- Biochemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Research Centre, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Ihsanawati
- Biochemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Ernawati Arifin Giri-Rachman
- Biology Department, School of Life Science and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Research Centre, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Aluicia Anita Artarini
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Pharmaceutics Department, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Research Centre, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Marselina Irasonia Tan
- Biology Department, School of Life Science and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Research Centre, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Dessy Natalia
- Biochemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Research Centre, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia
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2
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Sayedahmed EE, Araújo MV, Silva-Pereira TT, Chothe SK, Elkashif A, Alhashimi M, Wang WC, Santos AP, Nair MS, Gontu A, Nissly R, Francisco de Souza Filho A, Tavares MS, Ayupe MC, Salgado CL, Donizetti de Oliveira Candido É, Leal Oliveira DB, Durigon EL, Heinemann MB, Morais da Fonseca D, Jagannath C, Sá Guimarães AM, Kuchipudi SV, Mittal SK. Impact of an autophagy-inducing peptide on immunogenicity and protection efficacy of an adenovirus-vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2023; 30:194-207. [PMID: 37502665 PMCID: PMC10299838 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2023.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Because of continual generation of new variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), it is critical to design the next generation of vaccines to combat the threat posed by SARS-CoV-2 variants. We developed human adenovirus (HAd) vector-based vaccines (HAd-Spike/C5 and HAd-Spike) that express the whole Spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2 with or without autophagy-inducing peptide C5 (AIP-C5), respectively. Mice or golden Syrian hamsters immunized intranasally (i.n.) with HAd-Spike/C5 induced similar levels of S-specific humoral immune responses and significantly higher levels of S-specific cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses compared with HAd-Spike vaccinated groups. These results indicated that inclusion of AIP-C5 induced enhanced S-specific CMI responses and similar levels of virus-neutralizing titers against SARS-CoV-2 variants. To investigate the protection efficacy, golden Syrian hamsters immunized i.n. either with HAd-Spike/C5 or HAd-Spike were challenged with SARS-CoV-2. The lungs and nasal turbinates were collected 3, 5, 7, and 14 days post challenge. Significant reductions in morbidity, virus titers, and lung histopathological scores were observed in immunized groups compared with the mock- or empty vector-inoculated groups. Overall, slightly better protection was seen in the HAd-Spike/C5 group compared with the HAd-Spike group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekramy E. Sayedahmed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Marcelo Valdemir Araújo
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Taiana Tainá Silva-Pereira
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Shubhada K. Chothe
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Ahmed Elkashif
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Marwa Alhashimi
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Wen-Chien Wang
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Andrea P. Santos
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Meera Surendran Nair
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Animal Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Abhinay Gontu
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Ruth Nissly
- Animal Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | | | - Mariana Silva Tavares
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Caçador Ayupe
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caio Loureiro Salgado
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Edison Luiz Durigon
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos Bryan Heinemann
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denise Morais da Fonseca
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Chinnaswamy Jagannath
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Center for Infectious Diseases and Translational Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ana Marcia Sá Guimarães
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Suresh V. Kuchipudi
- Animal Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Suresh K. Mittal
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology, and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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3
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Cervantes-Torres J, Rosales-Mendoza S, Cabello C, Montero L, Hernandez-Aceves J, Granados G, Calderón-Gallegos A, Zúñiga-Flores F, Ruiz-Rivera M, Abarca-Magaña JC, Ortega-Francisco S, Olguin-Alor R, Díaz G, Paczka-Garcia F, Zavala-Gaytan R, Vázquez-Ramírez R, Ayón-Nuñez DA, Carrero JC, Rios D, Jasso-Ramírez M, Vázquez-Hernández R, Venegas D, Garzón D, Cobos L, Segura-Velázquez R, Villalobos N, Meneses G, Zúñiga J, Gamba G, Cárdenas G, Hernández M, Parkhouse ME, Romano MC, Alonso Herrera L, Bobes RJ, Pérez-Tapia M, Huerta L, Fierro N, Gracia I, Soldevilla G, Fragoso G, Suárez-Güemes F, Laclette JP, Sciutto E. Towards the development of an epitope-focused vaccine for SARS-CoV-2. Vaccine 2022; 40:6489-6498. [PMID: 36195474 PMCID: PMC9513333 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The rapid spread of COVID-19 on all continents and the mortality induced by SARS-CoV-2 virus, the cause of the pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has motivated an unprecedented effort for vaccine development. Inactivated viruses as well as vaccines focused on the partial or total sequence of the Spike protein using different novel platforms such us RNA, DNA, proteins, and non-replicating viral vectors have been developed. The high global need for vaccines, now and in the future, and the emergence of new variants of concern still requires development of accessible vaccines that can be adapted according to the most prevalent variants in the respective regions. Here, we describe the immunogenic properties of a group of theoretically predicted RBD peptides to be used as the first step towards the development of an effective, safe and low-cost epitope-focused vaccine. One of the tested peptides named P5, proved to be safe and immunogenic. Subcutaneous administration of the peptide, formulated with alumina, induced high levels of specific IgG antibodies in mice and hamsters, as well as an increase of IFN-γ expression by CD8+ T cells in C57 and BALB/c mice upon in vitro stimulation with P5. Neutralizing titers of anti-P5 antibodies, however, were disappointingly low, a deficiency that we will attempt to resolve by the inclusion of additional immunogenic epitopes to P5. The safety and immunogenicity data reported in this study support the use of this peptide as a starting point for the design of an epitope restricted vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelynne Cervantes-Torres
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Sergio Rosales-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, S.L.P 78210, Mexico; Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2ª Sección, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
| | - Carlos Cabello
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Calz. de Tlalpan 4502, Belisario Domínguez Secc. 16, Tlalpan, 14080 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Laura Montero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Juan Hernandez-Aceves
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Guillermo Granados
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Arturo Calderón-Gallegos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Francisco Zúñiga-Flores
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Mirna Ruiz-Rivera
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Julio César Abarca-Magaña
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Sandra Ortega-Francisco
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Roxana Olguin-Alor
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Georgina Díaz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Filipo Paczka-Garcia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Rubí Zavala-Gaytan
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Vázquez-Ramírez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Dolores Adriana Ayón-Nuñez
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Julio César Carrero
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Diana Rios
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Mariana Jasso-Ramírez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Rebeca Vázquez-Hernández
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - David Venegas
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Daniel Garzón
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Laura Cobos
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - René Segura-Velázquez
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Nelly Villalobos
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Meneses
- Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológica "Dr. Manuel Martínez Báez", Francisco de P. Miranda 177, Lomas de Plateros, Álvaro Obregón, 01480 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Joaquín Zúñiga
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosio Villegas", Calz. de Tlalpan 4502, Belisario Domínguez Secc. 16, Tlalpan, 14080 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Gamba
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán", Vasco de Quiroga 15, Belisario Domínguez Secc. 16, Tlalpan, 14080 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Graciela Cárdenas
- Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía. Av. Insurgentes Sur 3877, La Fama, Tlalpan, 14269 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Marisela Hernández
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Michael E Parkhouse
- Instituto Gulbekian de Ciência, Portugal. R. Q.ta Grande 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Marta C Romano
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, 07360 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Luis Alonso Herrera
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Periférico Sur 4809, Arenal Tepepan, 4610 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Raúl J Bobes
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Mayra Pérez-Tapia
- Unidad de Desarrollo e Investigación en Bioprocesos, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala S/N, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, Del. Miguel Hidalgo, C.P 11340 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Leonor Huerta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Nora Fierro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Isabel Gracia
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Gloria Soldevilla
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Gladis Fragoso
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Francisco Suárez-Güemes
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Juan P Laclette
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Edda Sciutto
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, Ciudad de México, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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4
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Lee IJ, Sun CP, Wu PY, Lan YH, Wang IH, Liu WC, Yuan JPY, Chang YW, Tseng SC, Tsung SI, Chou YC, Kumari M, Lin YS, Chen HF, Chen TY, Lin CC, Chiu CW, Hsieh CH, Chuang CY, Cheng CM, Lin HT, Chen WY, Hsu FF, Hong MH, Liao CC, Chang CS, Liang JJ, Ma HH, Chiang MT, Liao HN, Ko HY, Chen LY, Ko YA, Yu PY, Yang TJ, Chiang PC, Hsu ST, Lin YL, Lee CC, Wu HC, Tao MH. A booster dose of Delta × Omicron hybrid mRNA vaccine produced broadly neutralizing antibody against Omicron and other SARS-CoV-2 variants. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:49. [PMID: 35799178 PMCID: PMC9261010 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00830-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the continuous emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants that feature increased transmission and immune escape, there is an urgent demand for a better vaccine design that will provide broader neutralizing efficacy. METHODS We report an mRNA-based vaccine using an engineered "hybrid" receptor binding domain (RBD) that contains all 16 point-mutations shown in the currently prevailing Omicron and Delta variants. RESULTS A booster dose of hybrid vaccine in mice previously immunized with wild-type RBD vaccine induced high titers of broadly neutralizing antibodies against all tested SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs). In naïve mice, hybrid vaccine generated strong Omicron-specific neutralizing antibodies as well as low but significant titers against other VOCs. Hybrid vaccine also elicited CD8+/IFN-γ+ T cell responses against a conserved T cell epitope present in wild type and all VOCs. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that inclusion of different antigenic mutations from various SARS-CoV-2 variants is a feasible approach to develop cross-protective vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Jung Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Pu Sun
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Yi Wu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hua Lan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsuan Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chun Liu
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Joyce Pei-Yi Yuan
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Chang
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Che Tseng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Szu-I Tsung
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Chou
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Monika Kumari
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Shiou Lin
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Feng Chen
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yen Chen
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chao Lin
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Wen Chiu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsuan Hsieh
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Chao-Min Cheng
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Ting Lin
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Yu Chen
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Fei Hsu
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsiang Hong
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Che Liao
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Shin Chang
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Jong Liang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Hua Ma
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tsai Chiang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ni Liao
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ying Ko
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yu Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-An Ko
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Yu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Jing Yang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Cheng Chiang
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Te Hsu
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chong-Chou Lee
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chung Wu
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mi-Hua Tao
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Biomedical Translation Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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5
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Jiang S, Wu S, Zhao G, He Y, Guo X, Zhang Z, Hou J, Ding Y, Cheng A, Wang B. Identification of a promiscuous conserved CTL epitope within the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Emerg Microbes Infect 2022; 11:730-740. [PMID: 35171086 PMCID: PMC8890520 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2043727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 disease caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2 and its variants is devastating to the global public health and economy. To date, over a hundred COVID-19 vaccines are known to be under development, and the few that have been approved to fight the disease are using the spike protein as the primary target antigen. Although virus-neutralizing epitopes are mainly located within the RBD of the spike protein, the presence of T cell epitopes, particularly the CTL epitopes that are likely to be needed for killing infected cells, has received comparatively little attention. This study predicted several potential T cell epitopes with web-based analytic tools and narrowed them down from several potential MHC-I and MHC-II epitopes by ELIspot and cytolytic assays to a conserved MHC-I epitope. The epitope is highly conserved in current viral variants and compatible with a presentation by most HLA alleles worldwide. In conclusion, we identified a CTL epitope suitable for evaluating the CD8+ T cell-mediated cellular response and potentially for addition into future COVID-19 vaccine candidates to maximize CTL responses against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College(SHMC), Fudan University.,National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College(SHMC), Fudan University
| | - Gan Zhao
- Advaccine Biopharmaceutics (Suzhou) Co. LTD, Jiangsu Province, China. dColby College, Waterville, Maine, USA
| | - Yue He
- Advaccine Biopharmaceutics (Suzhou) Co. LTD, Jiangsu Province, China. dColby College, Waterville, Maine, USA
| | | | - Zhiyu Zhang
- Advaccine Biopharmaceutics (Suzhou) Co. LTD, Jiangsu Province, China. dColby College, Waterville, Maine, USA
| | - Jiawang Hou
- Advaccine Biopharmaceutics (Suzhou) Co. LTD, Jiangsu Province, China. dColby College, Waterville, Maine, USA
| | - Yuan Ding
- Advaccine Biopharmaceutics (Suzhou) Co. LTD, Jiangsu Province, China. dColby College, Waterville, Maine, USA
| | - Alex Cheng
- Advaccine Biopharmaceutics (Suzhou) Co. LTD, Jiangsu Province, China. dColby College, Waterville, Maine, USA
| | - Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College(SHMC), Fudan University.,National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Advaccine Biopharmaceutics (Suzhou) Co. LTD, Jiangsu Province, China. dColby College, Waterville, Maine, USA
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6
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Jearanaiwitayakul T, Seesen M, Chawengkirttikul R, Limthongkul J, Apichirapokey S, Sapsutthipas S, Phumiamorn S, Sunintaboon P, Ubol S. Intranasal Administration of RBD Nanoparticles Confers Induction of Mucosal and Systemic Immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9070768. [PMID: 34358183 PMCID: PMC8310126 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9070768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal immunity plays a significant role in host defense against viruses in the respiratory tract. Because the upper respiratory airway is a primary site of SARS-CoV-2 entry, immunization at the mucosa via the intranasal route could potentially lead to induction of local sterilizing immunity that protects against SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this study, we evaluated the immunogenicity of a receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein loaded into N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles (RBD-TMC NPs). We showed that intranasal delivery of RBD-TMC NPs into mice induced robust local mucosal immunity, as evidenced by the presence of IgG and IgA responses in BALs and the lungs of immunized mice. Furthermore, mice intranasally administered with this platform of immunogens developed robust systemic antibody responses including serum IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, IgA and neutralizing antibodies. In addition, these immunized mice had significantly higher levels of activated splenic CD4+ and CD8+ cells compared with those that were administered with soluble RBD immunogen. Collectively, these findings shed light on an alternative route of vaccination that mimics the natural route of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This route of administration stimulated not only local mucosal responses but also the systemic compartment of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuksin Jearanaiwitayakul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (T.J.); (M.S.); (R.C.); (J.L.); (S.A.)
| | - Mathurin Seesen
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (T.J.); (M.S.); (R.C.); (J.L.); (S.A.)
| | - Runglawan Chawengkirttikul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (T.J.); (M.S.); (R.C.); (J.L.); (S.A.)
| | - Jitra Limthongkul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (T.J.); (M.S.); (R.C.); (J.L.); (S.A.)
| | - Suttikarn Apichirapokey
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (T.J.); (M.S.); (R.C.); (J.L.); (S.A.)
| | - Sompong Sapsutthipas
- Institute of Biological Products, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand; (S.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Supaporn Phumiamorn
- Institute of Biological Products, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand; (S.S.); (S.P.)
| | - Panya Sunintaboon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakornpatom 73170, Thailand;
| | - Sukathida Ubol
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (T.J.); (M.S.); (R.C.); (J.L.); (S.A.)
- Correspondence:
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7
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Yang J, Kim E, Lee JS, Poo H. A Murine CD8 + T Cell Epitope Identified in the Receptor-Binding Domain of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9060641. [PMID: 34208032 PMCID: PMC8230638 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9060641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has posed a devastating threat worldwide. The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein is one of the most important antigens for SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, while the analysis of CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocyte activity in preclinical studies using mouse models is critical for evaluating vaccine efficacy. Here, we immunized C57BL/6 wild-type mice and transgenic mice expressing human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) with the SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein to evaluate the IFN-γ-producing T cells in the splenocytes of the immunized mice using an overlapping peptide pool by an enzyme-linked immunospot assay and flow cytometry. We identified SARS-CoV-2 S395-404 as a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-restricted epitope for the RBD-specific CD8 T cell responses in C57BL/6 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Yang
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.Y.); (E.K.)
| | - Eunjin Kim
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.Y.); (E.K.)
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea;
| | - Jong-Soo Lee
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea;
| | - Haryoung Poo
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea; (J.Y.); (E.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-42-860-4157
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