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Meza Ocampos G, Torres Ñumbay M, Haddad M, Messi Ambassa LM, Alvarenga N, Hoste H. Two in vitro anthelmintic assays of four Paraguayan medicinal plants for proof of concept of the role of polyphenols in their biological activities and LC-HRMS analysis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 312:116453. [PMID: 37019160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) control in small ruminants has relied on the systematic use of synthetic anthelmintics (AH), their effectiveness has been progressively decreasing due to the rise and diffusion of anthelmintic resistances. The most prevalent genera affecting small ruminants were Haemonchus spp., and Trichostrongylus spp. The investigation of new anthelmintics in plants is a highly studied option, especially when it is linked to ethnobotanical knowledge and phenolic compounds. THE AIMS OF OUR STUDY Four medicinal plants mentioned in traditional medicine were selected to evaluate their anthelmintic proprieties at different stages of the life cycle of GIN, namely: Kyllinga odorata Valh., Cassia occidentalis L., Artemisia absinthium L, and Verbena litoralis Kunth and to explore the role of polyphenols in the AH activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS To evaluate the anthelmintic activity in this study, two models of GIN species, namely Haemonchus contortus (Hc) and Trichostrongylus colubriformis (Tc) were selected and tested on two in vitro assays: 1) Larval Exsheathment Inhibition Assay (LEIA) and, 2) Egg Hatch Assay (EHA). To explore the role of tannins and polyphenols in AH activity by comparing the effects of LEIA and EHA with or without polyvinylpolypyrrolidone (PVPP) and to characterize the phytochemical composition of the most active plants using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). RESULTS C. occidentalis exhibited the highest activity on LEIA (EC50 = 250.42-41.80 μg/mL) and A. absinthium on egg hatching processes (EC50 = 121.70-137.34 μg/mL) in both species of GIN. The inhibition in the development of eggs was from 67.70% to 96.36% on H. contortus, and from 78.87% to 99.65% on T. colubriformis. At the maximal dose, Additionally, it was observed that the AH on eggs varies according to the GIN species: on H. contortus the extracts tested blocked the formation of larvae Ovicidal Effect (% higher OE) and on T. colubriformis they blocked the appearance of L1 larvae, Larvae Failing Eclosion (% higher LFE). After PVPP, a reduction in AH activity on LEIA and EHA was noted, especially with C. occidentalis (87.20-67.00% of larvae exsheathment, (p < 0.05) and 40.51-24.96% of egg hatching, (p > 0.05) of both parasite species. Nine putative features were identified using HRMS and MS/MS after addition of PVPP. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrated that C. occidentalis, A. absinthium, and K. odorata, which parts have been traditionally used as medicinal plants are a valuable source of active compounds with anthelmintic activity. The medicinal use of these plants against GIN parasites was proven by in vitro analysis. Therefore exploration of the secondary metabolites of these plant extracts and testing of isolated fractions of active compounds under in vivo experiments are planned and represent a specific challenge for alternative drug research. Regarding the PVPP, in this study we hypotheses about the standard doses it was not able to completely absorb the polyphenols of extracts of K. odorata, C. occidentalis, and A. absinthium, which would lead to more studies to evaluate the role of this product in the absorption of phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Griselda Meza Ocampos
- Mixed Unit of Research, Host Pathogens Interactions 1225, National Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment, National Veterinary School of Toulouse (UMR IHAP 1225 INRAE, ENVT), 23 Chemin des Capelles, PO BOX 31076, Toulouse, France; National University of Asuncion (UNA) Campus Universitario Km 9,5, PO BOX 1061, San Lorenzo, Paraguay.
| | - Miguel Torres Ñumbay
- National University of Asuncion (UNA) Campus Universitario Km 9,5, PO BOX 1061, San Lorenzo, Paraguay.
| | - Mohamed Haddad
- UMR152 PHARMADEV, IRD, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
| | - Lin Marcellin Messi Ambassa
- UMR152 PHARMADEV, IRD, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; Laboratory of Pharmacochemistry of Natural Substances, Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Nelson Alvarenga
- Department of Phytochemistry. Faculty of Chemical Sciences, National University of Asuncion (FCQ, UNA), Campus Universitario Km 9,5, PO BOX 1055, San Lorenzo, Paraguay.
| | - Hervé Hoste
- Mixed Unit of Research, Host Pathogens Interactions 1225, National Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment, National Veterinary School of Toulouse (UMR IHAP 1225 INRAE, ENVT), 23 Chemin des Capelles, PO BOX 31076, Toulouse, France.
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Tortorella E, Giugliano R, De Troch M, Vlaeminck B, de Viçose GC, de Pascale D. The Ethyl Acetate Extract of the Marine Edible Gastropod Haliotis tuberculata coccinea: a Potential Source of Bioactive Compounds. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 23:892-903. [PMID: 34714443 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-021-10073-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The phylum Mollusca represents one of the largest groups of marine invertebrates. Nowadays, molluscan shellfish belonging to the classes Bivalvia and Gastropoda are of commercial interest for fisheries and aquaculture. Although bioactive properties of bivalve molluscs have been widely investigated and several dietary supplements have been brought to the market, the bioactive potentialities of marine gastropods are poorly documented. The present study investigated the bioactive properties of tissue extracts derived from Haliotis tuberculata coccinea, or "European abalone," an edible abalone species distributed in the Mediterranean Sea and the northeast Atlantic Ocean. A bioactive organic compound-rich extract was obtained using ethyl acetate as extracting solvent. It showed antimicrobial activity towards the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strain RP62A, the emerging multi-drug-resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia D71 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P, being the most sensitive strain. It also showed anthelmintic activity, evaluated through the toxicity against the target model helminth Caenorhabditis elegans. In addition, the ethyl acetate extract demonstrated a selective cytotoxic activity on the cancer cell lines A375, MBA-MD 231, HeLa, and MCF7, at the concentration of 250 µg/mL. The fatty acid composition of the bioactive extract was also investigated through FAME analysis. The fatty acid profile showed 45% of saturated fatty acids (SAFA), 22% of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and 33% of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). The presence of some biologically important secondary metabolites in the extract was also analysed, revealing the presence of alkaloids, terpenes, and flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliana Tortorella
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino, 111-80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Giugliano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli, " Via Santa Maria di Costantinopoli, 16-80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Marleen De Troch
- Marine Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S8, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Bruno Vlaeminck
- Marine Biology, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S8, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | | | - Donatella de Pascale
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Via Pietro Castellino, 111-80131, Naples, Italy.
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Naples, Italy.
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Galarraga E, Mavares A, Urdaneta N, Rodríguez-Lugo RE, Amaro-Luis JM. Artificial Triterpenoid Fatty Acid Ester Isolated From the Leaves of Phytolacca icosandra L. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2020; 10:221-225. [PMID: 32504214 PMCID: PMC7367978 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-020-00249-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The methanol extract form the leaves of Phytolacca icosandra L., afforded the unprecedented artificial triterpenoid fatty acid ester 1 derived from the new natural triterpenoid phytolaccagenic acid 3-O-myristate (1a), along with the three known triterpenoids serjanic, acinosolic and phytolaccagenic acid (2 - 4). Their structures were stablished by HR-EI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR techniques. The possible mechanistic formation of 1 is proposed, and the in vitro toxicity of all compounds was assessed using the brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elier Galarraga
- Departamento de Química. Edificio de Química Y Procesos, Universidad Simón Bolívar (USB), Apartado 89000. Caracas-1080A, Venezuela, USA.
| | - Andersson Mavares
- Departamento de Química. Edificio de Química Y Procesos, Universidad Simón Bolívar (USB), Apartado 89000. Caracas-1080A, Venezuela, USA
| | - Neudo Urdaneta
- Departamento de Química. Edificio de Química Y Procesos, Universidad Simón Bolívar (USB), Apartado 89000. Caracas-1080A, Venezuela, USA
| | - Rafael E Rodríguez-Lugo
- Departamento de Química. Edificio de Química Y Procesos, Universidad Simón Bolívar (USB), Apartado 89000. Caracas-1080A, Venezuela, USA
- Laboratorio de Química Bioinorgánica, Centro de Química, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Venezuela, Caracas, 1020-A, USA
| | - Juan Manuel Amaro-Luis
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes (ULA), Mérida, Venezuela-5101, USA
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Elufioye TO, Chinaka CG, Oyedeji AO. Antioxidant and Anticholinesterase Activities of Macrosphyra Longistyla (DC) Hiern Relevant in the Management of Alzheimer's Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8090400. [PMID: 31527476 PMCID: PMC6769547 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8090400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrosphyra longistyla has been used in many traditional systems of medicine for its anti-hemorrhagic, antidiabetic, anti-ulcer, and anti-diarrhea properties. The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibitions of the crude methanol extracts and its various partitioned fractions were determined by a modified method of Ellman. An evaluation of the antioxidant activity was carried out using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, ferric reducing power, and nitric oxide scavenging assays. The total flavonoids were estimated based on the aluminum chloride method, while the total tannins and phenolics were estimated based on the vanillin-HCl and Folin-Ciocalteu method, respectively. The ethyl acetate fraction had the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity, and the highest ferric reducing power with a concentration providing 50% inhibition (IC50) of 0.079 mg/mL and 0.078 mg/mL, respectively, while the crude methanol extract had the highest nitric oxide scavenging activity with an IC50 of 0.008 mg/mL. The methanol extract had the highest phenolics and flavonoids contents, while the aqueous fraction had the highest tannin content. The crude methanol extract had the best AChE and BuChE inhibitory action, with an IC50 of 0.556 µg/mL and 5.541 µg/mL, respectively, suggesting that the plant had a better AChE inhibiting potential. A moderate correlation was observed between the phenolic content and DPPH radical scavenging, NO radical scavenging, and AChE inhibitory activities (r2 = 0.439, 0.430, and 0.439, respectively), while a high correlation was seen between the flavonoid content and these activities (r2 = 0.695, 0.724, and 0.730, respectively), and the ferric reducing antioxidant power correlated highly with the proautocyanidin content (r2 = 0.801). Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) revealed decanoic acid methyl ester (24.303%), 11,14-eicosadienoic acid methyl ester (16.788%), linoelaidic acid (10.444%), pentadecanoic acid (9.300%), and 2-methyl-hexadecanal (9.285%). Therefore, we suggest that M. longistyla contain bioactive chemicals, and could be a good alternative for the management of Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiwo O Elufioye
- Department of Chemistry, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5117, South Africa.
| | - Chidimma G Chinaka
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200284, Nigeria.
| | - Adebola O Oyedeji
- Department of Chemistry, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5117, South Africa.
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The first report on the in vitro antimicrobial activities of extracts of leaves of Ehretia serrata. Saudi J Biol Sci 2019; 26:1253-1261. [PMID: 31516355 PMCID: PMC6734136 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing resistance of infectious microbial organisms to the existing arsenal of antibiotic drugs is on the rise. There is a growing demand for the new antibiotics that are cost effective and easily available to the common people. In search of new antimicrobial entities, this report deals with the in vitro antimicrobial activities of the crude extracts of leaves of Ehretia Serrata. The methanolic extract and its sub-fractions namely n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and residual water fraction were screened against a range of 30 different bacterial strains and their zones of inhibition (ZI) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were subsequently evaluated. Methanolic extract has shown activity against all the tested microorganisms such as Azospirillum lipoferum, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Enterococcus sp. with ZOI ranged from 10.3 to 29.0 mm. Moreover, the MIC values of methanolic extract and its sub-fractions against the tested bacteria ranged from 0.8 to 5.1 mg/mL. GC–MS analysis of sub-fractions revealed the presence of mono (2-ethylexyl) 1,2-benzenedicarboxylate, diisooctyl-1,2-benzenedicarboxylate, 3,5-dehydro-6-methoxypivalate-cholest-22-ene-21-ol, and 3,5-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxybenzene-propanoic acid. This is the first report on the in vitro antimicrobial activities of leaves of E. Serrata.
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Abstract
The gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) stand out as an important cause of disease in small ruminant, especially on goat farm. Widespread resistance to synthetic anthelminthics has stimulated the research for alternative strategies of parasite control, including the use of medicinal plants. The present work summarizes the in vitro and in vivo studies of plants with activity against GIN of goats, focusing on the description of chemical constituents related to this effect. This review retrieved 56 scientific articles from 2008 to 2018 describing more than 100 different plant species. The most frequently investigated family was Fabaceae (30.7%). Most in vitro studies on the activity of plant extracts and fractions were carried out with of free-living stages nematodes. In vivo studies were conducted mainly with the use of plants in animal feed and generally showed lower effectiveness compared to in vitro assays. The main plant secondary metabolites associated with anthelmintic effect are condensed tannins, saponin and flavonoids. However, the studies with compounds isolated from plants and elucidation of their mechanisms of action are scarce. Herbal medicines are thought to be promising sources for the development of effective anthelmintic agents.
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Hernández-Carlos B, Gamboa-Angulo M. Insecticidal and Nematicidal Contributions of Mexican Flora in the Search for Safer Biopesticides. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24050897. [PMID: 30836688 PMCID: PMC6429201 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant metabolites have been used for many years to control pests in animals and to protect crops. Here, we reviewed the available literature, looking for the species of Mexican flora for which extracts and metabolites have shown activity against pest insects and parasitic nematodes of agricultural importance, as well as against nematodes that parasitize domestic cattle. From 1996 to 2018, the search for novel and eco-friendly biopesticides has resulted in the identification of 114 species belonging to 36 botanical families of Mexican plants with reported biological effects on 20 insect species and seven nematode species. Most plant species with detected pesticide properties belong to the families Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Lamiaceae. Eighty-six metabolites have been identified as pesticidal active principles, and most have been terpenoids. Therefore, the continuation and intensification of this area of research is very important to contribute to the generation of new products that will provide alternatives to conventional pesticide agents. In addition, future studies will contribute to the recognition and dissemination of the importance of propagating plant species for their conservation and sustainable use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Hernández-Carlos
- Instituto de Agroindustrias, Universidad Tecnológica de la Mixteca, Huajuapan de León, Oaxaca 69000, Mexico.
| | - Marcela Gamboa-Angulo
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No. 130, Col. Chuburná, Mérida 97200, Mexico.
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In vitro anthelmintic and cytotoxic activities of extracts of Persea willdenovii Kosterm (Lauraceae). J Helminthol 2017; 92:674-680. [DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x17000979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis study describes the effects of extracts and fractions of Persea willdenovii leaves against goat gastrointestinal nematodes and their cytotoxicity on Vero cells. The in vitro ovicidal and larvicidal activities of the crude ethanolic, hexane, ethyl acetate (EAE), butanolic and residual hydroethanolic extracts were assessed through the inhibition of egg hatching and larval motility assays. The most active extract (EAE) was then fractionated by chromatography in an open column containing silica gel, to furnish six fractions (Fr1–Fr6), which were also tested. The cytotoxicity of active extracts and fractions was determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and trypan blue exclusion assay. The EAE and two fractions (Fr1 and Fr2) showed inhibitory activity in the egg hatching of gastrointestinal nematodes of goats in a concentration-dependent manner. The effective concentrations for 50% inhibition (EC50) of egg hatching were 2.3, 0.12 and 2.94 mg/ml for EAE, Fr1 and Fr2, respectively. All extracts and fractions were not effective in inhibiting 50% of motility of infective larvae. EAE and Fr2 had IC50 values (50% inhibitory concentration) of 4.95 and 2.66 mg/ml, respectively. Fr1 showed a slight cytotoxic effect (cellular inviability <30%) only after 48 h of treatment (MTT test). Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis showed the presence of six fatty acid ethyl esters, a fatty acid methyl ester and a long-chain ketone in the most active fraction. These constituents identified in P. willdenovii can be related to the high ovicidal activity and relatively non-toxic effect of the extracts.
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Hoste H, Torres-Acosta JFJ, Quijada J, Chan-Perez I, Dakheel MM, Kommuru DS, Mueller-Harvey I, Terrill TH. Interactions Between Nutrition and Infections With Haemonchus contortus and Related Gastrointestinal Nematodes in Small Ruminants. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2016; 93:239-351. [PMID: 27238007 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2016.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between host nutrition and feeding behaviour are central to understanding the pathophysiological consequences of infections of the digestive tract with parasitic nematodes. The manipulation of host nutrition provides useful options to control gastrointestinal nematodes as a component of an integrated strategy. Focussed mainly on the Haemonchus contortus infection model in small ruminants, this chapter (1) illustrates the relationship between quantitative (macro- and micro-nutrients) and qualitative (plant secondary metabolites) aspects of host nutrition and nematode infection, and (2) shows how basic studies aimed at addressing some generic questions can help to provide solutions, despite the considerable diversity of epidemiological situations and breeding systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hoste
- INRA, UMR 1225 IHAP, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | - J Quijada
- INRA, UMR 1225 IHAP, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - I Chan-Perez
- Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - M M Dakheel
- University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - D S Kommuru
- Fort Valley State University, Fort Valley, GA, United States
| | | | - T H Terrill
- Fort Valley State University, Fort Valley, GA, United States
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Galarraga Montes E, Amaro-Luis JM. Icosandrin, a novel peltogynoid from the fruits of Phytolacca icosandra (Phytolaccaceae). Nat Prod Res 2015; 30:89-94. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1038537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elier Galarraga Montes
- Departamento de Química, Edificio de Química y Procesos, Universidad Simón Bolívar (USB), Apartado 89000, Caracas 1080A, Venezuela
| | - Juan Manuel Amaro-Luis
- Laboratorio de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes (ULA), Mérida 5101, Venezuela
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de Aquino Mesquita M, e Silva Júnior JB, Panassol AM, de Oliveira EF, Vasconcelos ALCF, de Paula HCB, Bevilaqua CML. Anthelmintic activity of Eucalyptus staigeriana encapsulated oil on sheep gastrointestinal nematodes. Parasitol Res 2013; 112:3161-5. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-013-3492-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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