1
|
Mary B, Sottani A, Boaga J, Camerin I, Deiana R, Cassiani G. Non-invasive investigations of closed landfills: An example in a karstic area. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167083. [PMID: 37730071 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The monitoring of existing landfills is a pending environmental issue for the years to come. This monitoring is particularly challenging in the more and more common case of closed landfills, where direct investigation is difficult or impossible, calling for non-invasive methods, which in turn are stretched to maximizing their imaging capabilities in front of difficult logistical constraints, requiring novel and well-conceived scientific approaches. In this study we present a non-invasive approach designed and calibrated to identify the state of the subsoil underlying a closed urban waste landfill. In the presented case, two main questions had to be addressed: (a) whether large karstic cavities are present under the landfill, and (b) if any leachate leakage is present. A 3D Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) configuration was used to solve the problem. The survey design has made use of forward model simulations, in order to verify whether the proposed approach was capable of imaging the possible large karstic cavities. This preliminary study showed the importance of choosing a suitable measurement protocol to recover the true position of the cavities. The analysis of the real field data did not show any anomaly compatible with the presence of large cavities, and thus, in comparison with the previous simulations, led to the conclusion that such cavities are not present. However, the results showed the presence of an electrically conductive anomaly, potentially be linked to leachate release. Direct investigations (drilling and sampling) confirmed the presence of fresh water in a silty sediment environment, both contributing towards the observed larger electrical conductivity, larger than the surrounding drier limestone bedrock. The presented general approach proved to be a valuable, generalizable, tool towards for the characterization and monitoring of closed landfills.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Mary
- Department of Geosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | | | - Jacopo Boaga
- Department of Geosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Interdepartmental Center for Cultural Heritage - CIBA - University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | | | - Rita Deiana
- Interdepartmental Center for Cultural Heritage - CIBA - University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Cassiani
- Department of Geosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Interdepartmental Center for Cultural Heritage - CIBA - University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Song SY, Kim B, Jeong J, Park S, Nam MJ. 4D interpretation of time-lapse electrical resistivity monitoring data to identify preferential flow path in a landfill, South Korea. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:625. [PMID: 37119389 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring the leakage of leachate from a landfill is critical in preventing possible contamination in the surrounding area. Time-lapse (TL) electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) has been performed along eleven survey lines at four different time points in a landfill in Korea. The TL data sets were interpreted using an in-house 4D inversion algorithm. Changes in 4D inversion results were analyzed in order to interpret a leachate-contaminant region. Since the rainy season started during obtaining TL ERT data sets, the effects of precipitation on TL ERT data are also analyzed. Changes in electrical resistivity (ER) showed that precipitation increases ER of contaminant zones. As hydrogeochemical data offer contamination information in some areas where boreholes are located, these are helpful to interpret and compare with ERT inversion results to evaluate the extent of the contaminated plume. We also classified soil textures from particle size analysis on soil samples and analyzed electrical conductivity (EC) and dissolved oxygen (DO) using groundwater samples obtained from observation wells in the survey site. The information on soil structure as well as the results of 4D inversion provided insight into the location of a preferential flow path.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seo Young Song
- Department of Energy and Mineral Resources Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Bitnarae Kim
- Department of Energy and Mineral Resources Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
- Currently, BRGM (French Geological Survey), Orléans, F-45100, France
| | - Juyeon Jeong
- Department of Energy and Mineral Resources Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Samgyu Park
- Korea Institute of Geosciences and Mineral Resources, Daejeon, 34132, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Jin Nam
- Department of Energy and Mineral Resources Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Energy Resources and Geosystems Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Juarez MB, Mondelli G, Giacheti HL. An overview of in situ testing and geophysical methods to investigate municipal solid waste landfills. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:24779-24789. [PMID: 36648718 PMCID: PMC9843669 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25203-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Municipal solid waste (MSW) management is challenging as a whole. Global waste generation is expected to continue to increase in the coming years, and landfills are currently the primary destination. Therefore, the stability of these structures must be carefully evaluated to prevent failures and associated health and pollution risks, which implies the determination of waste properties using more reliable approaches. This paper presents a scoping review of field data from MSW landfills and outlines suggestions for future work. Studies published in the past twenty years were selected following a systematic search process in databases. Aspects discussed include (1) strength parameters and soil behavior type from in situ testing, (2) elastic moduli from seismic wave propagation, and (3) moisture content from geoelectrical measurements. Although the values of geotechnical parameters have varied due to waste heterogeneity and applied methods, the trends observed with depth and age could be compared. Research opportunities involve the spatial analysis of mechanical properties at a given site, seismic response of landfills with high organic content and saturation degree, interpretation of long-term resistivity monitoring, and combination of electrical properties to assess the degradation stages within the waste mass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Barbosa Juarez
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Giulliana Mondelli
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Heraldo Luiz Giacheti
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Delgado-Gonzalez L, Forquet N, Choubert JM, Boutin C, Moreau M, Moreau S, Clement R. Flow path monitoring by discontinuous time-lapse ERT: An application to survey relationships between secondary effluent infiltration and roots distribution. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 326:116839. [PMID: 36435132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The infiltration of secondary treated effluent (STE) into the soil downstream of wastewater treatment plants is becoming increasingly common in a climate change context. In STE infiltration, STE is discharged onto the soil over a large surface allowing for a gradual infiltration of the water. This paper investigates a novel time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography strategy to evaluate the impact of STE infiltration on the water pathways of two planted loamy-soil trenches located in a Fluvisol region in southwestern France. The system has been monitored for 3 years using discontinuous monitoring of electrical resistivity tomography during four saline tracer tests. Results show that: 1) the new methodology has successfully highlighted the evolution of water pathways in the soil over time; 2) such evolution is in agreement with reeds root distribution in the trenches which seems to be affected by water quality i.e. sludge losses and TSS, for this study case. Indeed, for the infiltration trench receiving STE with lower pollution levels (2.2 mg TSS. L-1, 26 mg COD. L-1), the infiltration capacity is maintained over the years (4-6 mm h-1) and reed roots developed deeper in the soil. A sludge deposit present at the bottom of the second infiltration trench receiving higher pollution levels (7.2 mg TSS. L-1, 45 mg COD. L-1, plus episodic sludge release) could lead roots to develop close to the surface affecting the infiltration capacity which did not evolve over time. This work highlights the importance of long-term flow pathway monitoring in understanding the hydraulic behavior of infiltration surfaces submitted to STE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolas Forquet
- INRAE, UR-REVERSAAL, 5 Rue de La Doua, CS 20244, 69625, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Marc Choubert
- INRAE, UR-REVERSAAL, 5 Rue de La Doua, CS 20244, 69625, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Catherine Boutin
- INRAE, UR-REVERSAAL, 5 Rue de La Doua, CS 20244, 69625, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Magali Moreau
- INRAE, UR-PROSE, 1 Rue Pierre Gilles de Gennes, 92160, Antony, France
| | - Sylvain Moreau
- INRAE, UR-PROSE, 1 Rue Pierre Gilles de Gennes, 92160, Antony, France
| | - Rémi Clement
- INRAE, UR-REVERSAAL, 5 Rue de La Doua, CS 20244, 69625, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hu X, Han Y, Wang Y, Zhang X, Du L. Experiment on monitoring leakage of landfill leachate by parallel potentiometric monitoring method. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20496. [PMID: 36443645 PMCID: PMC9705535 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24352-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of municipal solid waste (MSW) in landfills often becomes a serious pollution source of geological environment and groundwater. The geological environment is the carrier of the landfill, and also the main pollution object of the landfill. The main pollution modes of the landfill site to the surrounding geological environment are purging, flushing, leachate, etc. If the leachate leakage cannot be found and repaired in time, it will cause serious harm to the geological environment and groundwater. The cost of geological environment and groundwater sampling through borehole surveys is high. Therefore, monitoring the seepage path and migration law of leachate is of great significance for determining the pollution range of the landfill site. In this study, by adjusting the grids of different sizes and changing the flow rate of leachate, the monitoring of fluid migration of different types of leachate was strengthened. The results show that the parallel potential monitoring method can quickly reflect the location and number of leachate points and the migration law of leachate. It provides effective reference data for landfill leachate monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinmin Hu
- grid.64924.3d0000 0004 1760 5735College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130026 China
| | - Yalu Han
- grid.64924.3d0000 0004 1760 5735College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130026 China
| | - Yong Wang
- grid.64924.3d0000 0004 1760 5735College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130026 China
| | - Xiaopei Zhang
- grid.64924.3d0000 0004 1760 5735College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130026 China
| | - Lizhi Du
- grid.64924.3d0000 0004 1760 5735College of Construction Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130026 China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pan Y, Zhang Q, Yu Y, Tong Y, Wu W, Zhou Y, Hou W, Yang J. Three-dimensional migration and resistivity characteristics of crude oil in heterogeneous soil layers. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115309. [PMID: 33152631 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An experimentally induced three-dimensional petroleum seepage flume was used to investigate its migration in heterogeneous soil layers and a method for monitoring resistivity was adopted, under conditions of fluctuating water levels and rainfall. The corresponding mechanisms were then analyzed based on the resistivity characteristics and combined with three-dimensional inversion images. Finally, physical and chemical property analysis was conducted to verify the results of resistivity monitoring. The results demonstrated that: (1) In the process of natural oil leakage, the variation of soil resistivity presents a concave shape in the resistivity profile. Thus, oil migration exhibited the following patterns. At first, circular migration front was dominant in a vertical direction. Subsequently, after vertical migration was impeded, lateral migration was dominant. As the crude oil gradually accumulated, the migration front broke through the limitation of lithologic interface and continued vertically. (2) By comparing the two resistivity monitoring methods, namely the Wenner and Pole-pole methods, it was demonstrated that the inversion resistivity measured by Wenner method was closer to the true resistivity, and the resistivity variations were more distinguishable. (3) The resistivity inversion profile demonstrated that the low resistivity anomaly of the crude oil leakage area was related to the low water content of the soil layer in the test area. (4) Fluctuations in water level increased the diffusion range of crude oil beyond the original pollution source area, especially horizontally. (5) Percolation of rainfall caused the water level to rise, and the crude oil was evenly distributed in the soil layers above the capillary zone. (6) Through sample analysis and verification, it was demonstrated that the resistivity method can accurately and intuitively present the characteristics of crude oil migration. These results provide theoretical support for the rapid determination of the migration range and characteristics of crude oil in heterogeneous soil layers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Pan
- School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China; School of Petrochemical Engineering & Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China.
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Yewei Yu
- School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Yihan Tong
- School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Wenyu Wu
- School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China; School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, USA
| | - Youlin Zhou
- School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Weifen Hou
- School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Jinsheng Yang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering & Environment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Clement R, Fargier Y, Dubois V, Gance J, Gros E, Forquet N. OhmPi: An open source data logger for dedicated applications of electrical resistivity imaging at the small and laboratory scale. HARDWAREX 2020; 8:e00122. [PMID: 35498256 PMCID: PMC9041214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2020.e00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The use of electrical resistivity tomography in laboratory or field experiments for environmental purposes has been increasing in recent years. The development of commercial devices has thus far focused on the quality of measurements and their robustness in all field cases. However, both their costs and lack of flexibility to adapt to specific applications have limited their prevalence in the environmental sector. This article presents the development of a low-cost, open hardware resistivity meter to provide the scientific community with a robust and flexible tool for small-scale experiments. Called OhmPi, this basic resistivity meter features current injection and measurement functions associated with a multiplexer that allows performing automatic measurements with up to 32 electrodes (at a cost of less than $500). The device was first tested using a soil-analog electrical circuit to verify the reliability and robustness of the measurements. Results show that OhmPi offers a wide range of resistance measurements, from 0.2 to 1000 O, for contact resistances between 100 and 5000 O. Measurements were then carried out on a small field experiment, in demonstrating good stability of the OhmPi measurements, as well as a strong correlation with the output of a commercial reference instrument.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Clement
- INRAE, REVERSAAL, F-69626 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
- Corresponding author at: INRAE, REVERSAAL, 5 rue de la Doua, CS 20244, F-69626 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
| | - Yannick Fargier
- GERS-RRO, Univ Gustave Eiffel, IFSTTAR, Univ Lyon, F-69675 Lyon, France
| | - Vivien Dubois
- INRAE, REVERSAAL, F-69626 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | | | - Emile Gros
- INRAE, REVERSAAL, F-69626 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhan LT, Xu H, Jiang XM, Lan JW, Chen YM, Zhang ZY. Use of electrical resistivity tomography for detecting the distribution of leachate and gas in a large-scale MSW landfill cell. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:20325-20343. [PMID: 31093916 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05308-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, integrate electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) tests were carried out in a large-scale (5.0 × 4.0 × 7.5 m) MSW landfill cell to investigate the possibility of detecting perched leachate mounds, leachate level, and gas accumulation zones at wet landfills. The resistivity of both bulk waste and waste components at different moisture states were measured and the three-phase volumetric relationships of the waste pile were analyzed to better interpret the ERT test results in the large-scale cell. The following observations were given: (1) The relationship between resistivity and volumetric moisture content (VMC) of waste sample can be reasonably fitted by Archie's law. The resistivity of waste components at a saturated state was all lower than 21 Ω m. (2) A significant amount of void gas was entrapped in the underwater waste, being 30.4-34.8% of the whole waste pile in volume. (3) Low-resistivity zones (< 5.0 Ω m) were observed in the waste pile being fully drained under a gravity condition, which was believed to be related to a perched leachate. (4) The average VMC values of the waste layer below and above the leachate level were in the ranges of 46.5-53.1% and 28.1-41.3%, respectively. (5) Irregular variations of high-resistivity zones (> 40 Ω m) observed in the underwater waste were associated with the accumulation and dissipation of gas pressure. It was found that the "gas-breaking value" in the gas accumulation zone was up to 10.5 kPa greater than the pore liquid pressure in the stable methanogenesis stage. These findings shone a light on the possibility of using the ERT method as an efficient tool for mapping the gas/leachate distribution and improving operations at wet landfills.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Tong Zhan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hui Xu
- School of Civil Engineering & Architecture, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Jiang
- The Bureru of Land and Resource of Kaiping, Jiangmen, 529300, China
| | - Ji-Wu Lan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yun-Min Chen
- Department of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhen-Ying Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering & Architecture, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang P, Liu YH, Zhang SH, Pan YF. Experimental investigation on the migration of leachate under flowing conditions through laboratory ERT. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:17457-17471. [PMID: 31020526 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04962-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
With an increase of service time of landfills, a great amount of old landfills begin to leak and the leachate impairs the surrounding environment severely. Defining the flow of leachate is significant to the monitoring and restoration of the landfill. Field tests and laboratory tests are often used to investigate the leachate flow. However, many uncontrollable factors may affect the accuracy of field tests, and the application of field test results is usually limited. At the same time, it is difficult to simulate and monitor the migration process of leachate in real time in laboratory. To address this problem, a new physical simulating device is created to simulate the leachate migration under flowing conditions, and improved ERT device is designed to monitor the migration in laboratory tests. The results show that the improved ERT could delineate the migration range well in laboratory tests, providing a new method to investigate the leachate migration in laboratory test and providing a reference to the application of ERT in field tests. The relative variation rate of resistivity could reduce the influence of background, and is very suitable for time-lapse ERT. In addition, the effect of flowing rate, leakage rate, and time on the leachate migration is also investigated. The results show that the horizontal migration rate increases with an increase of flowing rate. The leakage rate has a significant influence on the vertical migration, but has limited effect on the horizontal migration. The curvature of migration front increases with an increase of flowing rate and time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yang
- Department of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yao-Hui Liu
- Department of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Si-Hao Zhang
- Department of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Ya-Fei Pan
- Department of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Falzone S, Robinson J, Slater L. Characterization and Monitoring of Porous Media with Electrical Imaging: A Review. Transp Porous Media 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11242-018-1203-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
11
|
Feng SJ, Bai ZB, Cao BY, Lu SF, Ai SG. The use of electrical resistivity tomography and borehole to characterize leachate distribution in Laogang landfill, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:20811-20817. [PMID: 28791528 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9853-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Leachate is a polluting liquid which may cause harmful effects on human health or the environment without a tightly control manner. The leachate management is an important part of the design and operation of bioreactor landfills. To detect the leachate distribution in Laogang Landfill, China, the measurement of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) was carried out in three areas with different ages. ERT method proved to be an effective non-invasive geophysical method in bioreactor landfills, and the physical properties of waste samples obtained by boreholes were tested in a laboratory. The correlation between the resistivity and the moisture content was described by Archie's law. The result shows that the moisture content of fresh waste is inhomogeneous, while that of aged waste increases with depth. A pseudo 3D model of the moisture content was proposed to improve the understanding of leachate distribution and exhibit the accuracy of the ERT method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Jin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Si Ping Road 1239, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Zhen-Bai Bai
- Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Si Ping Road 1239, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ben-Yi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Si Ping Road 1239, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shi-Feng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Si Ping Road 1239, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shu-Gang Ai
- Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University, Si Ping Road 1239, Shanghai, 200092, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
De Donno G, Cardarelli E. Tomographic inversion of time-domain resistivity and chargeability data for the investigation of landfills using a priori information. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 59:302-315. [PMID: 27866998 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a new code for the modelling and inversion of resistivity and chargeability data using a priori information to improve the accuracy of the reconstructed model for landfill. When a priori information is available in the study area, we can insert them by means of inequality constraints on the whole model or on a single layer or assigning weighting factors for enhancing anomalies elongated in the horizontal or vertical directions. However, when we have to face a multilayered scenario with numerous resistive to conductive transitions (the case of controlled landfills), the effective thickness of the layers can be biased. The presented code includes a model-tuning scheme, which is applied after the inversion of field data, where the inversion of the synthetic data is performed based on an initial guess, and the absolute difference between the field and synthetic inverted models is minimized. The reliability of the proposed approach has been supported in two real-world examples; we were able to identify an unauthorized landfill and to reconstruct the geometrical and physical layout of an old waste dump. The combined analysis of the resistivity and chargeability (normalised) models help us to remove ambiguity due to the presence of the waste mass. Nevertheless, the presence of certain layers can remain hidden without using a priori information, as demonstrated by a comparison of the constrained inversion with a standard inversion. The robustness of the above-cited method (using a priori information in combination with model tuning) has been validated with the cross-section from the construction plans, where the reconstructed model is in agreement with the original design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio De Donno
- "Sapienza" University of Rome - DICEA Area Geofisica, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy.
| | - Ettore Cardarelli
- "Sapienza" University of Rome - DICEA Area Geofisica, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Degueurce A, Clément R, Moreau S, Peu P. On the value of electrical resistivity tomography for monitoring leachate injection in solid state anaerobic digestion plants at farm scale. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2016; 56:125-36. [PMID: 27395756 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural waste is a valuable resource for solid state anaerobic digestion (SSAD) thanks to its high solid content (>15%). Batch mode SSAD with leachate recirculation is particularly appropriate for such substrates. However, for successful degradation, the leachate must be evenly distributed through the substrate to improve its moisture content. To study the distribution of leachate in agricultural waste, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) was performed. First, laboratory-scale experiments were conducted to check the reliability of this method to monitor infiltration of the leachate throughout the solid. Two representative mixtures of agricultural wastes were prepared: a "winter" mixture, with cattle manure, and a "summer" mixture, with cattle manure, wheat straw and hay. The influence of density and water content on electrical resistivity variations was assessed in the two mixtures. An increase in density was found to lead to a decrease in electrical resistivity: at the initial water content, resistivity decreased from 109.7 to 19.5Ω·m in the summer mixture and from 9.8 to 2.7Ω·m in the "winter" mixture with a respective increased in density of 0.134-0.269, and 0.311-0.577. Similarly, resistivity decreased with an increase in water content: for low densities, resistivity dropped from 109.7 to 7.1Ω·m and 9.8 to 4.0Ω·m with an increase in water content from 64 to 90w% and 74 to 93w% for "summer" and "winter" mixtures respectively. Second, a time-lapse ERT was performed in a farm-scale SSAD plant to monitor leachate infiltration. Results revealed very heterogeneous distribution of the leachate in the waste, with two particularly moist areas around the leachate injection holes. However, ERT was successfully applied in the SSAD plant, and produced a reliable 3D map of leachate infiltration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Axelle Degueurce
- Irstea, UR GERE, 17 av. de Cucillé, CS 64427, F-35044 Rennes, France; Université Européenne de Bretagne, F-35044 Rennes, France
| | - Rémi Clément
- Irstea, UR GERE, 17 av. de Cucillé, CS 64427, F-35044 Rennes, France; Irstea, 1 rue Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, F-92761 Antony cedex, France.
| | - Sylvain Moreau
- Irstea, UR GERE, 17 av. de Cucillé, CS 64427, F-35044 Rennes, France; Irstea, 1 rue Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, F-92761 Antony cedex, France
| | - Pascal Peu
- Irstea, UR GERE, 17 av. de Cucillé, CS 64427, F-35044 Rennes, France; Université Européenne de Bretagne, F-35044 Rennes, France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Audebert M, Oxarango L, Duquennoi C, Touze-Foltz N, Forquet N, Clément R. Understanding leachate flow in municipal solid waste landfills by combining time-lapse ERT and subsurface flow modelling - Part II: Constraint methodology of hydrodynamic models. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2016; 55:176-90. [PMID: 27095292 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Leachate recirculation is a key process in the operation of municipal solid waste landfills as bioreactors. To ensure optimal water content distribution, bioreactor operators need tools to design leachate injection systems. Prediction of leachate flow by subsurface flow modelling could provide useful information for the design of such systems. However, hydrodynamic models require additional data to constrain them and to assess hydrodynamic parameters. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is a suitable method to study leachate infiltration at the landfill scale. It can provide spatially distributed information which is useful for constraining hydrodynamic models. However, this geophysical method does not allow ERT users to directly measure water content in waste. The MICS (multiple inversions and clustering strategy) methodology was proposed to delineate the infiltration area precisely during time-lapse ERT survey in order to avoid the use of empirical petrophysical relationships, which are not adapted to a heterogeneous medium such as waste. The infiltration shapes and hydrodynamic information extracted with MICS were used to constrain hydrodynamic models in assessing parameters. The constraint methodology developed in this paper was tested on two hydrodynamic models: an equilibrium model where, flow within the waste medium is estimated using a single continuum approach and a non-equilibrium model where flow is estimated using a dual continuum approach. The latter represents leachate flows into fractures. Finally, this methodology provides insight to identify the advantages and limitations of hydrodynamic models. Furthermore, we suggest an explanation for the large volume detected by MICS when a small volume of leachate is injected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Audebert
- National Research Institute of Science and Technology for Environment and Agriculture (IRSTEA), Hydrosystems and Bioprocesses Research Unit, 1 rue Pierre Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, 92761 Antony Cedex, France.
| | - L Oxarango
- Laboratoire d'Etude des Transferts en Hydrologie et Environnement (LTHE), University of Grenoble, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex, France.
| | - C Duquennoi
- National Research Institute of Science and Technology for Environment and Agriculture (IRSTEA), Hydrosystems and Bioprocesses Research Unit, 1 rue Pierre Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, 92761 Antony Cedex, France.
| | - N Touze-Foltz
- National Research Institute of Science and Technology for Environment and Agriculture (IRSTEA), Hydrosystems and Bioprocesses Research Unit, 1 rue Pierre Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, 92761 Antony Cedex, France.
| | - N Forquet
- National Research Institute of Science and Technology for Environment and Agriculture (IRSTEA), Ecology and Pollution Research Unit, Lyon Regional Centre, 5 rue de la Doua, CS 70077, 69626 Villeurbanne cedex, France.
| | - R Clément
- National Research Institute of Science and Technology for Environment and Agriculture (IRSTEA), Hydrosystems and Bioprocesses Research Unit, 1 rue Pierre Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, 92761 Antony Cedex, France.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Audebert M, Clément R, Moreau S, Duquennoi C, Loisel S, Touze-Foltz N. Understanding leachate flow in municipal solid waste landfills by combining time-lapse ERT and subsurface flow modelling - Part I: Analysis of infiltration shape on two different waste deposit cells. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2016; 55:165-175. [PMID: 27103399 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Landfill bioreactors are based on an acceleration of in-situ waste biodegradation by performing leachate recirculation. To quantify the water content and to evaluate the leachate injection system, in-situ methods are required to obtain spatially distributed information, usually electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). In a previous study, the MICS (multiple inversions and clustering strategy) methodology was proposed to improve the hydrodynamic interpretation of ERT results by a precise delimitation of the infiltration area. In this study, MICS was applied on two ERT time-lapse data sets recorded on different waste deposit cells in order to compare the hydrodynamic behaviour of leachate flow between the two cells. This comparison is based on an analysis of: (i) the volume of wetted waste assessed by MICS and the wetting rate, (ii) the infiltration shapes and (iii) the pore volume used by the leachate flow. This paper shows that leachate hydrodynamic behaviour is comparable from one waste deposit cell to another with: (i) a high leachate infiltration speed at the beginning of the infiltration, which decreases with time, (ii) a horizontal anisotropy of the leachate infiltration shape and (iii) a very small fraction of the pore volume used by the leachate flow. This hydrodynamic information derived from MICS results can be useful for subsurface flow modelling used to predict leachate flow at the landfill scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Audebert
- National Research Institute of Science and Technology for Environment and Agriculture (IRSTEA), Hydrosystems and Bioprocesses Research Unit, 1 rue Pierre Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, 92761 Antony Cedex, France.
| | - R Clément
- National Research Institute of Science and Technology for Environment and Agriculture (IRSTEA), Hydrosystems and Bioprocesses Research Unit, 1 rue Pierre Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, 92761 Antony Cedex, France.
| | - S Moreau
- National Research Institute of Science and Technology for Environment and Agriculture (IRSTEA), Hydrosystems and Bioprocesses Research Unit, 1 rue Pierre Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, 92761 Antony Cedex, France.
| | - C Duquennoi
- National Research Institute of Science and Technology for Environment and Agriculture (IRSTEA), Hydrosystems and Bioprocesses Research Unit, 1 rue Pierre Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, 92761 Antony Cedex, France.
| | - S Loisel
- SAS Les Champs Jouault, 50670 Cuves (Avranches-Brécey-Manche), France.
| | - N Touze-Foltz
- National Research Institute of Science and Technology for Environment and Agriculture (IRSTEA), Hydrosystems and Bioprocesses Research Unit, 1 rue Pierre Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, 92761 Antony Cedex, France.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dumont G, Pilawski T, Dzaomuho-Lenieregue P, Hiligsmann S, Delvigne F, Thonart P, Robert T, Nguyen F, Hermans T. Gravimetric water distribution assessment from geoelectrical methods (ERT and EMI) in municipal solid waste landfill. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2016; 55:129-140. [PMID: 26926783 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The gravimetric water content of the waste material is a key parameter in waste biodegradation. Previous studies suggest a correlation between changes in water content and modification of electrical resistivity. This study, based on field work in Mont-Saint-Guibert landfill (Belgium), aimed, on one hand, at characterizing the relationship between gravimetric water content and electrical resistivity and on the other hand, at assessing geoelectrical methods as tools to characterize the gravimetric water distribution in a landfill. Using excavated waste samples obtained after drilling, we investigated the influences of the temperature, the liquid phase conductivity, the compaction and the water content on the electrical resistivity. Our results demonstrate that Archie's law and Campbell's law accurately describe these relationships in municipal solid waste (MSW). Next, we conducted a geophysical survey in situ using two techniques: borehole electromagnetics (EM) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). First, in order to validate the use of EM, EM values obtained in situ were compared to electrical resistivity of excavated waste samples from corresponding depths. The petrophysical laws were used to account for the change of environmental parameters (temperature and compaction). A rather good correlation was obtained between direct measurement on waste samples and borehole electromagnetic data. Second, ERT and EM were used to acquire a spatial distribution of the electrical resistivity. Then, using the petrophysical laws, this information was used to estimate the water content distribution. In summary, our results demonstrate that geoelectrical methods represent a pertinent approach to characterize spatial distribution of water content in municipal landfills when properly interpreted using ground truth data. These methods might therefore prove to be valuable tools in waste biodegradation optimization projects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaël Dumont
- Applied Geophysics, GEO(3) - ArGEnCo, Univertisity of Liege, Quartier Polytech 1, Allée de la Découverte 9, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Tamara Pilawski
- Applied Geophysics, GEO(3) - ArGEnCo, Univertisity of Liege, Quartier Polytech 1, Allée de la Découverte 9, 4000 Liège, Belgium; F.R.S.-FNRS, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Phidias Dzaomuho-Lenieregue
- Industrial Biochemistry and Microbiology, Univertisity of Liege, Quartier Vallée 1, Chemin de la vallée 2, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Serge Hiligsmann
- Industrial Biochemistry and Microbiology, Univertisity of Liege, Quartier Vallée 1, Chemin de la vallée 2, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Frank Delvigne
- Industrial Biochemistry and Microbiology, Univertisity of Liege, Quartier Vallée 1, Chemin de la vallée 2, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Philippe Thonart
- Industrial Biochemistry and Microbiology, Univertisity of Liege, Quartier Vallée 1, Chemin de la vallée 2, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Tanguy Robert
- Applied Geophysics, GEO(3) - ArGEnCo, Univertisity of Liege, Quartier Polytech 1, Allée de la Découverte 9, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Frédéric Nguyen
- Applied Geophysics, GEO(3) - ArGEnCo, Univertisity of Liege, Quartier Polytech 1, Allée de la Découverte 9, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Thomas Hermans
- Applied Geophysics, GEO(3) - ArGEnCo, Univertisity of Liege, Quartier Polytech 1, Allée de la Découverte 9, 4000 Liège, Belgium; F.R.S.-FNRS, Brussels, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Audebert M, Clément R, Grossin-Debattista J, Günther T, Touze-Foltz N, Moreau S. Influence of the geomembrane on time-lapse ERT measurements for leachate injection monitoring. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2014; 34:780-790. [PMID: 24529793 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2014.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Leachate recirculation is a key process in the operation of municipal waste landfills as bioreactors. To quantify the water content and to evaluate the leachate injection system, in situ methods are required to obtain spatially distributed information, usually electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). However, this method can present false variations in the observations due to several parameters. This study investigates the impact of the geomembrane on ERT measurements. Indeed, the geomembrane tends to be ignored in the inversion process in most previously conducted studies. The presence of the geomembrane can change the boundary conditions of the inversion models, which have classically infinite boundary conditions. Using a numerical modelling approach, the authors demonstrate that a minimum distance is required between the electrode line and the geomembrane to satisfy the good conditions of use of the classical inversion tools. This distance is a function of the electrode line length (i.e. of the unit electrode spacing) used, the array type and the orientation of the electrode line. Moreover, this study shows that if this criterion on the minimum distance is not satisfied, it is possible to significantly improve the inversion process by introducing the complex geometry and the geomembrane location into the inversion tools. These results are finally validated on a field data set gathered on a small municipal solid waste landfill cell where this minimum distance criterion cannot be satisfied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Audebert
- National Research Institute of Science and Technology for Environment and Agriculture (IRSTEA), Hydrosystems and Bioprocesses Research Unit, 1 rue Pierre Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, 92761 Antony Cedex, France.
| | - R Clément
- National Research Institute of Science and Technology for Environment and Agriculture (IRSTEA), Hydrosystems and Bioprocesses Research Unit, 1 rue Pierre Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, 92761 Antony Cedex, France.
| | - J Grossin-Debattista
- National Research Institute of Science and Technology for Environment and Agriculture (IRSTEA), Hydrosystems and Bioprocesses Research Unit, 1 rue Pierre Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, 92761 Antony Cedex, France.
| | - T Günther
- Leibniz Institute for Applied Geophysics (LIAG), Stilleweg 2, D-30655 Hannover, Germany.
| | - N Touze-Foltz
- National Research Institute of Science and Technology for Environment and Agriculture (IRSTEA), Hydrosystems and Bioprocesses Research Unit, 1 rue Pierre Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, 92761 Antony Cedex, France.
| | - S Moreau
- National Research Institute of Science and Technology for Environment and Agriculture (IRSTEA), Hydrosystems and Bioprocesses Research Unit, 1 rue Pierre Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, 92761 Antony Cedex, France.
| |
Collapse
|