1
|
Pan C, Yang H, Gao W, Wei Z, Song C, Mi J. Optimization of organic solid waste composting process through iron-related additives: A systematic review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 351:119952. [PMID: 38171126 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Composting is an environmentally friendly method that facilitates the biodegradation of organic solid waste, ultimately transforming it into stable end-products suitable for various applications. The element iron (Fe) exhibits flexibility in form and valence. The typical Fe-related additives include zero-valent-iron, iron oxides, ferric and ferrous ion salts, which can be targeted to drive composting process through different mechanisms and are of keen interest to academics. Therefore, this review integrated relevant literature from recent years to provide more comprehensive overview about the influence and mechanisms of various Fe-related additives on composting process, including organic components conversion, humus formation and sequestration, changes in biological factors, stability and safety of composting end-products. Meanwhile, it was recommended that further research be conducted on the deep action mechanisms, biochemical pathways, budget balance analysis, products stability and application during organic solid waste composting with Fe-related additives. This review provided guidance for the subsequent targeted application of Fe-related additives in compost, thereby facilitating cost reduction and promoting circular economy objectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaonan Pan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China; College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Hongyu Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Wenfang Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Zimin Wei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
| | - Caihong Song
- College of Life Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Jiaying Mi
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shaghaleh H, Zhu Y, Shi X, Alhaj Hamoud Y, Ma C. Co-Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Straw-Decomposing Microbial Inoculant on Decomposition and Transformation of Field Composted Wheat Straw. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1993. [PMID: 37895375 PMCID: PMC10608237 DOI: 10.3390/life13101993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Although straw is an abundant and useful agricultural byproduct, it, however, exhibits hardly any decomposition and transformation. Despite the successful application of chemical and biological substrates for accelerating straw decomposition, the co-effects and mechanisms involved are still unknown. Herein, we performed a 120 day field trial to examine the co-effects of a nitrogen fertilizer (N) and a straw-decomposing microbial inoculant (SDMI) on the straw mass, nutrient release, and the straw chemical structure of composted wheat straw in the Chaohu Lake area, East China. For this purpose, four treatments were selected with straw: S (straw only), NS (N + straw), MS (SDMI + straw), and NMS (N + SDMI + straw). Our results indicated that NMS caused a higher straw decomposition rate than S, NS, and MS (p < 0.05) after 120 days of composting. The N, P, and K discharge rates in treating with NMS were higher than other the treatments at 120 days. The A/OA ratios of the straw residues were gradually increased during the composting, but the treatment of NMS and MS was lower than the CK at the latter stage. The RDA showed that the decomposition rate, nutrient release, and the chemical structure change in the straw were cumulative, while respiration was strongly correlated with lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, and neutral xylanase. In conclusion, nitrogen fertilizer or straw-decomposing microbial inoculant application can improve the decomposition rate and nutrient release with oxidase activity intensified. However, the co-application of nitrogen fertilizer and a straw-decomposing microbial inoculant promoted straw decomposition and enzyme activity better than a single application and showed a lower decomposition degree, which means more potential for further decomposing after 120 days.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Shaghaleh
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, Research Centre of Phosphorus Efficient Utilization and Water Environment Protection along the Yangtze River Economic Belt, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (H.S.)
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Yuanpeng Zhu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, Research Centre of Phosphorus Efficient Utilization and Water Environment Protection along the Yangtze River Economic Belt, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (H.S.)
- Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resource Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xinyi Shi
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, Research Centre of Phosphorus Efficient Utilization and Water Environment Protection along the Yangtze River Economic Belt, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (H.S.)
| | - Yousef Alhaj Hamoud
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, Research Centre of Phosphorus Efficient Utilization and Water Environment Protection along the Yangtze River Economic Belt, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (H.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xu D, Yu X, Chen J, Li X, Chen J, Li J. Effects of compost as a soil amendment on bacterial community diversity in saline-alkali soil. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1253415. [PMID: 37829448 PMCID: PMC10565496 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1253415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Soil salinization poses a worldwide challenge that hampers agricultural productivity. Methods Employing high-throughput sequencing technology, we conducted an investigation to examine the impact of compost on the diversity of bacterial communities in saline soils. Our study focused on exploring the diversity of bacterial communities in the inter-root soil of plants following composting and the subsequent addition of compost to saline soils. Results Compared to the initial composting stage, Alpha diversity results showed a greater diversity of bacteria during the rot stage. The germination index reaches 90% and the compost reaches maturity. The main bacterial genera in compost maturation stage are Flavobacterium, Saccharomonospora, Luteimonas and Streptomyces. Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria were the dominant phyla in the soil after the addition of compost. The application of compost has increased the abundance of Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi by 7.6 and 6.6%, respectively, but decreased the abundance of Firmicutes from 25.12 to 18.77%. Redundancy analysis revealed that soil factors pH, solid urease, organic matter, and total nitrogen were closely related to bacterial communities. Discussion The addition of compost effectively reduced soil pH and increased soil enzyme activity and organic matter content. An analysis of this study provides theoretical support for compost's use as a saline soil amendment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daolong Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaowen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biotechnology, Minister of Education, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jin Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiufen Li
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jian Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - JiangHua Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gao X, Yang J, Liu W, Li X, Zhang W, Wang A. Effects of alkaline biochar on nitrogen transformation with fertilizer in agricultural soil. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 233:116084. [PMID: 37217125 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The loss and negative impacts of nitrogen from fertilized soils remain a global challenge in agricultural field. Ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) leaching, together with volatile ammonia loss are the main pathways of nitrogen loss. To improve nitrogen availability, alkaline biochar with improved adsorption capacities is a promising soil amendment. This study was objected to investigate the effects of alkaline biochar (ABC, pH 8.68) on nitrogen mitigation, the effects on nitrogen loss, and the interactions among the mixed soils (biochar, nitrogen fertilizer, and soil) under both pot and field experiments. From pot experiments, ABC addition resulted in the poor reservation of NH4+-N which converted to volatile NH3 under higher alkaline environments, mainly occurring in the first 3 days. But after, NO3--N could be largely retained in surface soil by ABC addition. The reservation of NO3--N by ABC offsets the loss of volatile NH3, and ABC ultimately showed positive reservations of nitrogen with fertilization. In the field experiment, the addition of urea inhibitor (UI) addition could inhibit the volatile NH3 loss caused by ABC mainly in the first week. The long-term operation demonstrated that ABC supported persistent effectiveness in reducing N loss, while UI treatment temporarily delayed the N loss through inhibition of fertilizer hydrolysis. Therefore, the addition of both ABC and UI contributed to reserve soil N in layers (0-50 cm) suitable for crop growth thus improving crops growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| | - Wenzong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China.
| | - Xiqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Wenzhe Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China
| | - Aijie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Matiz-Villamil A, Méndez-Carranza KJ, Pascagaza-Pulido AF, Rendón-Rendón T, Noriega-Noriega J, Pulido-Villamarín A. Trends in the management of organic swine farm waste by composting: A systematic review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18208. [PMID: 37576302 PMCID: PMC10412907 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pig farming contributes to the economic development of nations and supplies human food demand; however, it generates a large amount of organic waste which, if not managed properly, becomes a risk to the environment and human and animal health. Considering the relevance of composting and its usefulness for the use of waste, this study aimed to determine the global trends in the management of composting manure, mortality and other organic waste produced on pig farms over the last five years (2017-2022). Systematic search involved four databases: ISI Web of Science, Scopus, Ebsco and Scielo. Of the total findings, 56 articles were included in the review, further classified into 14 categories for their respective analysis: co-substrates/additives, microbial communities, antibiotic resistance, heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, microbiological/parasitological quality, phytopathogens, nitrogen transformation, bioinoculants, comparison/combination with other waste management techniques, factors affecting composting, swine mortality and plant growth promotion/phytotoxicity. The review exemplified the importance of swine mortality composting as an alternative for organic matter management in pig farms, considering that the process also includes manure, vegetable waste and wood chips, among others. Controlled factors throughout the process are a requirement to obtain a stable product with physicochemical and microbiological quality that complies with national and international regulations and that will be useful and safe for application on crops, ensuring environmental, animal, and human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Matiz-Villamil
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Aplicada, Grupo de Biotecnología Ambiental e Industrial (GBAI), Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
| | - Kelly Johana Méndez-Carranza
- Unidad de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (UNIDIA), Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
| | - Andrés Felipe Pascagaza-Pulido
- Unidad de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (UNIDIA), Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
| | - Tatiana Rendón-Rendón
- Unidad de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (UNIDIA), Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
| | - Juliana Noriega-Noriega
- Unidad de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (UNIDIA), Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
| | - Adriana Pulido-Villamarín
- Unidad de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (UNIDIA), Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xu Z, Liang W, Zhang X, Yang X, Zhou S, Li R, Syed A, Bahkali AH, Kumar Awasthi M, Zhang Z. Effects of magnesite on nitrogen conversion and bacterial community during pig manure composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023:129325. [PMID: 37315627 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this research was to elucidate the effect of varying proportions of magnesite (MS) addition - 0% (T1), 2.5% (T2), 5% (T3), 7.5% (T4), and 10% (T5) - on nitrogen transformation and bacterial community dynamics during pig manure composting. In comparison to T1 (control), MS treatments amplified the abundance of Firmicutes, Actinobacteriota, and Halanaerobiaeota, bolstered the metabolic functionality of associated microorganisms, and enhanced the nitrogenous substance metabolic pathway. A complementary effect in core bacillus species played a key role in nitrogen preservation. Compared to T1, 10% MS demonstrated the most substantial influence on composting because Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen increased by 58.31% and NH3 emission decreased by 41.52%. In conclusion, 10% MS appears to be optimal for pig manure composting, as it can augment microbial abundance and mitigate nitrogen loss. This study offers a more ecologically sound and economically viable method for curtailing nitrogen loss during composting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Wen Liang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiu Zhang
- North Minzu University Ningxia Key Laboratory for the Development and Application of Microbial Resources in Extreme Environments, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shunxi Zhou
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Ronghua Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H Bahkali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li H, Tan L, Liu W, Li X, Zhang D, Xu Y. Unraveling the effect of added microbial inoculants on ammonia emissions during co-composting of kitchen waste and sawdust: Core microorganisms and functional genes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 874:162522. [PMID: 36868270 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite the role of microorganisms in nitrogen biotransformation has been extensively explored, how microorganisms mitigate NH3 emissions in the transformation of nitrogen throughout the composting system is rarely addressed. The present study explored the effect of microbial inoculants (MIs) and the contribution of different composted phases (solid, leachate, and gas) on NH3 emissions by constructing a co-composting system of kitchen waste and sawdust with and without the addition of MI. The results showed that NH3 emissions increased markedly after adding MIs, in which the contribution of leachate ammonia volatilization to NH3 emissions was most prominent. The core microorganisms of NH3 emission had a clear proliferation owing to the MIs reshaping community stochastic process. Also, MIs can strengthen the co-occurrence between microorganisms and functional genes of nitrogen to promote nitrogen metabolism. In particular, the abundances of nrfA, nrfH, and nirB genes, which could augment the dissimilatory nitrate reduction process, were increased, thus enhancing NH3 emissions. This study bolsters the fundamental, community-level understanding of nitrogen reduction treatments for agricultural.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Houyu Li
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Lu Tan
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department F.A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, Section of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Department F.A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, Section of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yılmaz EC, Aydın Temel F, Cagcag Yolcu O, Turan NG. Modeling and optimization of process parameters in co-composting of tea waste and food waste: Radial basis function neural networks and genetic algorithm. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127910. [PMID: 36087650 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of co-composting of food waste (FW) and tea waste (TW) on the losses of total nitrogen (TN), total organic carbon (TOC), and moisture content (MC) were investigated. TW and FW were composted separately and compared with the co-composting of FW and TW at different ratios. While the MC losses were close to each other in all processes, the lowest TN and TOC losses were found in the composting process containing 25% TW as 26.80% and 40.11%, respectively. Moreover, Radial Basis Function Neural Networks (RBFNNs) were used to predict the losses of TN, TOC, and MC. The outputs of RBFNN were compared with Response Surface Methodology (RSM), Support Vector Regression (SVR), and Feed Forward Neural Network (FF-NN). In addition, the optimal parameter values were determined by Genetic algorithm (GA). As a result, it will be possible to simulate and improve different co-composting processes with obtained data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elif Ceren Yılmaz
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun 55200, Turkey
| | - Fulya Aydın Temel
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Giresun University, Giresun 28200, Turkey.
| | - Ozge Cagcag Yolcu
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Marmara University, İstanbul 34722, Turkey
| | - Nurdan Gamze Turan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun 55200, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhou S, Song Z, Li Z, Qiao R, Li M, Chen Y, Guo H. Mechanisms of nitrogen transformation driven by functional microbes during thermophilic fermentation in an ex situ fermentation system. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 350:126917. [PMID: 35231599 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we explored the pathways and mechanisms of nitrogen (N) transformation driven by functional microbes carrying key genes in an ex situ fermentation system (EFS). Temperature and N content were found to be the most important factors driving variation in bacterial and fungal communities, respectively; Bacillus became the most abundant bacteria and Batrachochytrium became the most abundant fungi. Co-occurrence network analysis showed that some bacteria including Halomonas, Truepera, and Gemmatimonas species carry genes that promote mineralization, nitrification, dissimilatory/assimilatory nitrate reduction, denitrification, anammox reactions, and N fixation. The maximum rate of total mineralization reached 136.60 μg N g-1 d-1. Functional microbes promoted various N conversion processes at different rates in the EFS, with levels increasing by at least 0.23 μg N g-1 d-1. These results provide a theoretical basis for feasible optimization measures to address N loss during fermentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Zhou
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Song
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanbiao Li
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Rongye Qiao
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengjie Li
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Chen
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Guo
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, Beijing, China; The Tree and Ornamental Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang T, Wu X, Shaheen SM, Abdelrahman H, Ali EF, Bolan NS, Ok YS, Li G, Tsang DCW, Rinklebe J. Improving the humification and phosphorus flow during swine manure composting: A trial for enhancing the beneficial applications of hazardous biowastes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 425:127906. [PMID: 34891020 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Improving the recovery of organic matter and phosphorus (P) from hazardous biowastes such as swine manure using acidic substrates (ASs) in conjunction with aerobic composting is of great interest. This work aimed to investigate the effects of ASs on the humification and/or P migration as well as on microbial succession during the swine manure composting, employing multivariate and multiscale approaches. Adding ASs, derived from wood vinegar and humic acid, increased the degree of humification and thermal stability of the compost. The 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and X-ray absorption near-edge structure analyses demonstrated compost P was in the form of struvite crystals, Ca/Al-P phases, and Poly-P (all inorganic P species) as well as inositol hexakisphosphate and Mono-P (organophosphorus species). However, the efficiency of P recovery could be improved by generating more struvite by adding the ASs. The flows among nutrient pools resulted from the diversity in the dominant microbial communities in different composting phases after introducing the ASs and appearance of Bacillus spp. in all phases. These results demonstrate the potential value of ASs for regulating and/or improving nutrients flow during the composting of hazardous biowastes for producing higher quality compost, which may maximize their beneficial benefits and applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xiaosha Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Sabry M Shaheen
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water, and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil, and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; University of Kafrelsheikh, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil and Water Sciences, 33516 Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt.
| | - Hamada Abdelrahman
- Cairo University, Faculty of Agriculture, Soil Science Department, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Esmat F Ali
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nanthi S Bolan
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, O-Jeong Eco-Resilience Institute (OJERI), Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Guoxue Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water, and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil, and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy, and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ma Q, Li Y, Xue J, Cheng D, Li Z. Effects of Turning Frequency on Ammonia Emission during the Composting of Chicken Manure and Soybean Straw. Molecules 2022; 27:472. [PMID: 35056787 PMCID: PMC8777752 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we investigated the impact of different turning frequency (TF) on dynamic changes of N fractions, NH3 emission and bacterial/archaeal community during chicken manure composting. Compared to higher TF (i.e., turning every 1 or 3 days in CMS1 or CMS3 treatments, respectively), lower TF (i.e., turning every 5 or 7 days in CMS5 or CMS7 treatments, respectively) decreased NH3 emission by 11.42-18.95%. Compared with CMS1, CMS3 and CMS7 treatments, the total nitrogen loss of CMS5 decreased by 38.03%, 17.06% and 24.76%, respectively. Ammonia oxidizing bacterial/archaeal (AOB/AOA) communities analysis revealed that the relative abundance of Nitrosospira and Nitrososphaera was higher in lower TF treatment during the thermophilic and cooling stages, which could contribute to the reduction of NH3 emission. Thus, different TF had a great influence on NH3 emission and microbial community during composting. It is practically feasible to increase the abundance of AOB/AOA through adjusting TF and reduce NH3 emission the loss of nitrogen during chicken manure composting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (Q.M.); (Y.L.)
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory for Soil Molecular Ecology, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yanli Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (Q.M.); (Y.L.)
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory for Soil Molecular Ecology, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianming Xue
- SCION, Private Bag 29237, Christchurch 8440, New Zealand;
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Dengmiao Cheng
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China;
| | - Zhaojun Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (Q.M.); (Y.L.)
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory for Soil Molecular Ecology, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mei J, Ji K, Su L, Wu M, Zhou X, Duan E. Effects of FeSO 4 dosage on nitrogen loss and humification during the composting of cow dung and corn straw. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 341:125867. [PMID: 34523583 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The effects of FeSO4 on nitrogen loss and humification were investigated in the composting of cow dung and corn straw. The results showed that all groups met the ripening requirements after 50 days: the temperature was above 50 °C for 12- 17 days; the products had pH values of 6.4-7.6, electrical conductivities of 1.06-1.33 ms·cm-1, NH4+-N contents of 37.2-61.8 mg kg-1, and the seed germination index of 95%-101%. FeSO4 reduced nitrogen losses by 9.21-15.65% compared to the control group. FeSO4 also improved the compost humification process: the humus substances (HS) contents in the compost product with FeSO4 were 109.82-129.86 g·kg-1, higher than 106.31 g·kg-1 in the control group. The compost product in 3.75% FeSO4 treatment had the highest maturity degree. This study showed that FeSO4 could inhibit the mineralization of organic matter during the composting and accelerate the formation of HS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Mei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Kai Ji
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Lianghu Su
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China.
| | - Mengting Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Enshuai Duan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xie D, Gao M, Yang M, Xu M, Meng J, Wu C, Wang Q, Liu S. Re-using ammonium-rich wastewater as a moisture conditioning agent during composting thermophilic period improves composting performance. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 332:125084. [PMID: 33819855 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A weakly acidic ammonium-rich wastewater (STL) was intended to reuse as a moisture conditioning agent for composting to increase nitrogen content of compost. The influence of adding STL in the mesophilic period (MP), thermophilic period (TP), and cooling period (CP) on composting performance was investigated. Results revealed that organic degradation was strongly suppressed in MP, whereas no difference (p > 0.05) was observed between CP and control group (using tap water as moisture conditioning agent). The hydrolysis and mineralization of organic matter in TP were partly stimulated because reusing STL reduced free ammonia concentrations (<400 mg/L) of windrows. Additionally, the ammonium and nitrate nitrogen content of compost in TP increased by 71% and 425% without additional greenhouse gas emissions compared with control group. Therefore, ammonium-rich wastewater like STL could substitute tap water to condition compost moisture content and increase the nitrogen content of compost during the thermophilic composting period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Xie
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mingyue Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jie Meng
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chuanfu Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 10083, China.
| | - Qunhui Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory on Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, 30 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 10083, China
| | - Shu Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 10191, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang B, Yan J, Li G, Cao Q, Chen H, Zhang J. The addition of bean curd dreg improved the quality of mixed cow manure and corn stalk composting: enhancing the maturity and improving the micro-ecological environment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:27095-27108. [PMID: 33501580 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12572-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bean curd dreg (BCD) is a by-product of bean products, which can be used as a great ingredient for composting, but it combined with cow manure and corn stalk composting was rarely reported. In this study, the effect of BCD on the maturity and the micro-ecological environment was investigated under a lab-scale composting experiment and found that BCD was conducive to improve the maturity of compost during the BCD application. The excitation-emission matrix (EEM) showed that the final humus content in BCD treatments was richer than that in CK treatment. High-throughput sequencing results showed that BCD-applied better ameliorated the bacteria community structure with higher Actinomycetes abundance and lower denitrifying bacteria abundance in the late stage of composting. PICRUSt results showed that BCD-added decreased the abundance of microbial metabolic genes in the high temperature period (> 70 °C), but the metabolic abundance increased rapidly as the temperature cooled down. Compared with CK, the metabolic abundance decreased significantly on day 24, which was consistent with the conclusion of composting maturity. Redundancy analysis (RDA) results indicated that there were significant discrepancies in the microbial community structure of samples at different composting periods and the change of the dominant population in the BCD-treated compost samples were more outstanding than that in the CK treatment. Hence, BCD is a very good composting modifier that compensates for the disadvantages of composting and enhances the fertility of the compost product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, NO.169 Changchun Road, Chuanying District, Jilin City, 132012, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Jianquan Yan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, NO.169 Changchun Road, Chuanying District, Jilin City, 132012, Jilin Province, China
| | - Guomin Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, NO.169 Changchun Road, Chuanying District, Jilin City, 132012, Jilin Province, China
| | - Qingtong Cao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, NO.169 Changchun Road, Chuanying District, Jilin City, 132012, Jilin Province, China
| | - Houhe Chen
- School of Electrical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, NO.169 Changchun Road, Chuanying District, Jilin City, 132012, Jilin Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Nie E, Gao D, Zheng G. Effects of lactic acid on modulating the ammonia emissions in co-composts of poultry litter with slaughter sludge. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 315:123812. [PMID: 32682263 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the feasibility of lactic acid addition during poultry litter and slaughter sludge composting for controlling NH3 emissions. The results indicated that lactic acid addition reduced NH3 emissions and promoted the maturity of the composting product. Compared to the blank, nitrogen loss in the form of NH3 emissions in the 0.4%, 0.7%, and 1.0% lactic acid treatments decreased by 3.36%, 8.29%, and 14.65%, respectively. Moreover, lactic acid addition promoted the relative abundance of Lactobacillales, while the microbial community of the blank was dominated by Bacillales. The mechanism behind the control of NH3 emissions via the addition of lactic acid involved the secretion of large amounts of lactic acid by Lactobacillales, which lowers the pH of the initial compost pile. This study suggests that lactic acid is a suitable additive for composting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erqi Nie
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute of Waste Treatment and Reclamation, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ding Gao
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Guodi Zheng
- Center for Environmental Remediation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jiang J, Wang Y, Guo F, Zhang X, Dong W, Zhang X, Zhang X, Zhang C, Cheng K, Li Y, Zhu G. Composting pig manure and sawdust with urease inhibitor: succession of nitrogen functional genes and bacterial community. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:36160-36171. [PMID: 32556988 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09696-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the relationship between nitrogen (N) cycle and N transformation-related functional genes is crucial to reduce N loss during composting process. Urease inhibitor (UI) is widely used to reduce N loss in agriculture. However, the effects of UI on N transformation and related N functional genes during composting have not been well investigated. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of a urease inhibitor (UI) on N functional genes and bacterial community succession during pig manure composting. Results showed that the addition of UI decreased the ammonium N content during the thermophilic stage and notably increased the total N and nitrite N contents of the final compost. The UI significantly decreased the abundances of amoA, nirS, nirK, and nosZ during the initial composting stage, while the opposite trend was observed at the maturation stage. Bacterial community richness and diversity were increased after the UI amendment, but the relative abundance of the phyla Firmicutes and Proteobacteria significantly decreased compared with control during the thermophilic stage. Redundancy analysis indicated that the evaluated environmental factors and bacterial community showed a cumulative 94.7% contribution to the total variation in N functional genes. In summary, UI addition is a recommended method for N conservation during composting, but the added forms of UI, such as delayed addition, combined with adsorbing materials, or microorganism inoculant, should be further evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jishao Jiang
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengqi Guo
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofang Zhang
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Dong
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xindan Zhang
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Cheng
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunbei Li
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guifen Zhu
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li C, Li H, Yao T, Su M, Li J, Liu Z, Xin Y, Wang L, Chen J, Gun S. Effects of microbial inoculation on enzyme activity, available nitrogen content, and bacterial succession during pig manure composting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 306:123167. [PMID: 32192957 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated enzyme activity, available nitrogen, and bacterial succession during pig manure composting with and without microbial inoculation (ABB and CK, respectively). ABB reached the thermophilic stage 2 days than CK. Cellulose, urease, phosphatase, and sucrase activities were higher in ABB than in CK on days 12-24 of composting, but catalase activity was lesser in ABB than in CK throughout composting. NH4+-N and NO3--N were significantly increased in ABB at the maturity stage. 16S rRNA sequencing revealed Nocardiopsaceae, Bacillaceae, Streptosporangiaceaec, Flavobacteriaceae, and Caldicoprobacteraceae as the dominant bacteria at the family level. Metabolism function analysis revealed that human diseases were reduced and carbohydrate metabolism was increased in ABB. Correlation analysis revealed that urease, sucrose, and phosphatase were significantly correlated with bacteria at the species level, whereas NH4+-N and NO3--N were not significantly correlated. These results indicated that microbial inoculation accelerated the composting process and significantly regulated microbial functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changning Li
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Haiyun Li
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Tuo Yao
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China.
| | - Ming Su
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Jianhong Li
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Ziyue Liu
- College of Mathematical Sciences, Nankai University, 300071 Tianjin, China
| | - Yuqiong Xin
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Lide Wang
- Gansu Desert Control Research Institute, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China; Gansu Hexi Corridor Forest Ecosystem National Research Station, Wuwei 733000, Gansu, China
| | - Jiangang Chen
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China; Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Shuangbao Gun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kalita NK, Bhasney SM, Kalamdhad A, Katiyar V. Biodegradable kinetics and behavior of bio-based polyblends under simulated aerobic composting conditions. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 261:110211. [PMID: 32148281 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The current study evaluates aerobic biodegradation of melt extruded poly(lactic acid) PLA based blends under composting conditions. Samples of neat PLA (NPLA) and bio-based polyblend composites of PLA/LLDPE (linear low-density polyethylene) having different concentration of MCC (microcrystalline cellulose crystal) were analyzed to understand the biodegradation behavior of these blends under simulated composting conditions. Biodegradation kinetics revealed that higher content of MCC and PLA accelerated the biodegradation process of the polymeric blends. Increase in the spherulite growth size and decrease in the spherulite density of the biodegraded samples confirmed the decline in amorphous portion of the test samples due to microbial assimilation, leaving behind the crystalline portion. Surface morphological analysis revealed that the samples of PLA/LLDPE/MCC blends underwent surface erosion prior to bulk biodegradation (50-80%) until the 90th day and the PLA formed fibril-like structures after degradation. This study would help in the design and preparation of biodegradable bio-based commercial blends in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naba Kumar Kalita
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | | | - Ajay Kalamdhad
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Vimal Katiyar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Assam, India.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li X, Shi XS, Lu MY, Zhao YZ, Guo RB, Peng H. Improved nitrogen conservation capacity during composting of dairy manure amended with oil shale semi-coke as the porous bulking agent. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 388:121742. [PMID: 31796347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Oil shale semi-coke is the solid waste produced from the retorting process of oil shale, which may cause pollution to the environment without reasonable disposing. In this study, semi-coke was used as the bulking agent during composting to accelerate biodegradation of the organics as well as decrease the nitrogen loss. Results showed that the addition of semi-coke could accelerate biodegradation of the organics, with a raise in the organic matter loss from 44.99 % to 47.05 % compared with the control. Furthermore, the nitrogen loss significantly decreased from 40.00%-14.70 % in the treatment added with semi-coke due to less emission of NH3 and much more transformation of NH4+-N to NO3--N by nitrification, which could be explained by the increasing abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea at the late composting stage and drastic shift of the microbial community like Chloroflexi, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. After the composting cycle, the maturity of the produced compost was elevated greatly in the treatments amended with semi-coke. The result of PAHs detection suggested that there were low PAHs content in the raw oil shale semi-coke and they could be removed effectively to within the range for land application by composting especially when the surfactant was added.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- Shandong Industrial Engineering Laboratory of Biogas Production & Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xiao-Shuang Shi
- Shandong Industrial Engineering Laboratory of Biogas Production & Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266101, PR China
| | - Ming-Yi Lu
- Shandong Industrial Engineering Laboratory of Biogas Production & Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yu-Zhong Zhao
- Shandong Industrial Engineering Laboratory of Biogas Production & Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266101, PR China
| | - Rong-Bo Guo
- Shandong Industrial Engineering Laboratory of Biogas Production & Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266101, PR China; Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian 116023, PR China.
| | - Hui Peng
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zubair M, Wang S, Zhang P, Ye J, Liang J, Nabi M, Zhou Z, Tao X, Chen N, Sun K, Xiao J, Cai Y. Biological nutrient removal and recovery from solid and liquid livestock manure: Recent advance and perspective. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 301:122823. [PMID: 31987489 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Rapid development of livestock industry produces large amount of livestock manure rich in nutrients, organic matters, antibiotics, and heavy metals, thus imposes great harms to human and environment, if the manure is not suitably treated. Biological removal and recovery of nutrients from manure as agriculture fertilizer is attractive due to low cost and simple operation. This review offers an overview of recent development in biological nutrient removal and recovery from livestock manure. Livestock manure is divided into solid manure and liquid manure. Composting and anaerobic digestion of solid manure are fully discussed and important parameters are investigated. Then various processes of nutrient removal and recovery from liquid manure are summarized. Brief economic sustainability and eco-environmental effects are carried out. Finally, current challenges and future prospects in this field are analyzed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zubair
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Panyue Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Junpei Ye
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jinsong Liang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Mohammad Nabi
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zeyan Zhou
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xue Tao
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Na Chen
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Junhong Xiao
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yajing Cai
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chen Z, Wu Y, Wen Q, Ni H, Chai C. Effects of multiple antibiotics on greenhouse gas and ammonia emissions during swine manure composting. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:7289-7298. [PMID: 31884542 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07269-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics are commonly used in intensive farming, leading to multiple antibiotic residue in livestock waste. However, the effects of multiple antibiotics on the emissions of greenhouse gas and ammonia remain indistinct. This paper selects sulfamethoxazole and norfloxacin to represent two different types of antibiotics to explore their effects on gaseous emissions. Four treatments including CK (control), SMZ (spiked with 5 mg kg-1 DW sulfamethoxazole), NOR (spiked with 5 mg kg-1 DW norfloxacin), and SN (spiked with 5 mg kg-1 DW sulfamethoxazole and 5 mg kg-1 DW norfloxacin) were composted for 65 days. Coexistence of sulfamethoxazole and norfloxacin facilitated the biodegradation of organic carbon, and significantly (p < 0.05) increased the cumulative CO2 emission by 31.9%. The cumulative CH4 emissions were decreased by 6.19%, 23.7%, and 27.6% for SMZ, NOR, and SN, respectively. The total NH3 volatilization in SMZ and NOR rose to 1020 and 1190 mg kg-1 DW, respectively. The individual existence of sulfamethoxazole significantly (p < 0.05) ascended the N2O emission rate in the first 7 days due to the increase of NO2--N content. In addition, coexistence of sulfamethoxazole and norfloxacin notably dropped the total greenhouse gas emission (subtracting CO2) by 15.5%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yiqi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qinxue Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Hongwei Ni
- Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chunrong Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, Heilongjiang, China
- Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cui P, Liao H, Bai Y, Li X, Zhao Q, Chen Z, Yu Z, Yi Z, Zhou S. Hyperthermophilic composting reduces nitrogen loss via inhibiting ammonifiers and enhancing nitrogenous humic substance formation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 692:98-106. [PMID: 31340193 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Composting is an efficient and economic approach used to convert organic waste into organic fertilizers. However, the substantial nitrogen loss during the composting process is one of the major disadvantages of conventional thermophilic composting (cTC). Here, we demonstrated for the first time that hyperthermophilic composting (hTC) was able to mitigate nitrogen loss by 40.9% compared to cTC after 44 days of composting in a full-scale plant. Results demonstrate a decrease in NH3 volatilization (52.4%), together with an inhibitory effect on protease (19.4-87.5%) and urease (9.1-75.2%) enzyme activities and the ammonification rate (5.2-80.1%) for hTC. Additionally, this study found that hTC could accelerate the humification process, thereby enhancing the formation of the recalcitrant nitrogen reservoir (mainly in the form of nitrogenous humic substances) and reducing the substrate for ammonification reactions. These findings suggest that hTC can significantly reduce nitrogen loss and provide insights into the role of humic substances in nitrogen retention in composting systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cui
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hanpeng Liao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Yudan Bai
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xi Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhen Yu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science & Technology, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Zhigang Yi
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shungui Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Pinter IF, Fernández AS, Martínez LE, Riera N, Fernández M, Aguado GD, Uliarte EM. Exhausted grape marc and organic residues composting with polyethylene cover: Process and quality evaluation as plant substrate. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 246:695-705. [PMID: 31220730 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In Argentina, wine production is one of the most important economic activities, producing a large quantities of organic wastes. Composting is a viable alternative to treat these residues, with the possibility to obtain high-quality products. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of goat manure, leaves from garden raking and alfalfa to exhausted grape marc and the influence of plastic cover on the composting process and the quality of the finished product. Composting was carried out in turned piles in a total randomized design. Temperature, moisture, pH, electrical conductivity, micro and macro elements, biological parameters, stability and structure were determined with the goal to assess product quality. Mixture compost presented higher macro and micro elements content (especially P, Mn and Zn) than grape marc compost. Plastic cover showed no significant effect on physico-chemical parameters, while microorganisms were affected, with higher cellulolytic and nitrifying content in uncovered piles. In all composts, parameters indicated stability and no pathogens (Salmonella sp.) were detected. Pot assay with Lactuca sativa suggested that all compost revealed adequate substrate quality, with higher plant biomass values than commercial substrate and sand (Control), even with fertilization. Mixture compost showed significantly higher biomass and nutrient absorption values relative to the remaining evaluated substrates, suggesting that the use of goat manure and leaves added to exhausted grape marc, as raw material resulted in higher compost quality. All together indicated that the use of polyethylene cover negatively affect microorganisms content and a higher diversity of organic residues composted would result in higher microbiological activity and nutritional grade product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iván Funes Pinter
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental Mendoza (INTA EEA Mendoza), San Martin 3853 (M5507EVY), Chacras de Coria, Mendoza, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCuyo), Almirante Brown 500 (M5528AHB), Chacras de Coria, Mendoza, Argentina.
| | - Ana Sofía Fernández
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCuyo), Almirante Brown 500 (M5528AHB), Chacras de Coria, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Laura Elizabeth Martínez
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental Mendoza (INTA EEA Mendoza), San Martin 3853 (M5507EVY), Chacras de Coria, Mendoza, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (UNCuyo), Almirante Brown 500 (M5528AHB), Chacras de Coria, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Nicolas Riera
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Instituto de Microbiología y Zoología Agrícola (INTA-IMYZA).Argentina, Las Cabañas y De los Reseros S/N C.C 25 (B1712WAA), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcela Fernández
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial (INTI), Aráoz 1511 (M5528ABE), Chacras de Coria, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Germán Darío Aguado
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental Mendoza (INTA EEA Mendoza), San Martin 3853 (M5507EVY), Chacras de Coria, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Ernesto Martín Uliarte
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental Mendoza (INTA EEA Mendoza), San Martin 3853 (M5507EVY), Chacras de Coria, Mendoza, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Fan H, Liao J, Abass OK, Liu L, Huang X, Wei L, Xie W, Yu H, Liu C. Effects of bulking material types on water consumption and pollutant degradation in composting process with controlled addition of different liquid manures. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 288:121517. [PMID: 31121527 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to examine the effects of different bulking materials (corncob and ricehusk) on liquid manure consumption, organic matter degradation and pollutants retention in composting process under controlled addition of different types of liquid manures (LM). The results indicated that under the controlled addition of LM, bulking materials with higher content of biodegradable carbon (corncob) and LM with a higher concentration of organic pollutants (swine effluent) were more beneficial for biological heat generation and thus were more efficient for water evaporation, organic matter degradation, LM consumption and pollutants retention during the cocomposting process. Consequently, the optimization of these major influencing factors could compensate for efforts geared towards better utilization of the cocomposting process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyong Fan
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Jie Liao
- Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Olusegun K Abass
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Lin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Xu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Lili Wei
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Hengyang Yu
- Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Chaoxiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jiang J, Wang Y, Liu J, Yang X, Ren Y, Miao H, Pan Y, Lv J, Yan G, Ding L, Li Y. Exploring the mechanisms of organic matter degradation and methane emission during sewage sludge composting with added vesuvianite: Insights into the prediction of microbial metabolic function and enzymatic activity. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 286:121397. [PMID: 31059972 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Effect mechanisms of organic matter (OM) degradation and methane (CH4) emission during sewage sludge (SS) composting with added vesuvianite (V) were studied by high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt). Results show that the addition of V accelerated the OM degradation and decreased the cumulative CH4 emissions by 33.6% relative to the control. In addition, V significantly decreased the mcrA gene abundance and the methanogen community richness at the genus level. PICRUSt also indicated that V strengthens the microbial metabolic function and enzymatic activity related to OM degradation, and reduced the enzymatic activity related to CH4 production. Methanogens community variation analysis proved the ratio of carbon and nitrogen and moisture content are the significant variables affecting CH4 emissions. Thus, optimizing the ratio of carbon and nitrogen and moisture content will decrease CH4 emission during SS composting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jishao Jiang
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China.
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Juan Liu
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Xianli Yang
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Yuqing Ren
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Haohao Miao
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Youwei Pan
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Jinghua Lv
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Guangxuan Yan
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Linjie Ding
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| | - Yunbei Li
- School of Environment, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sun Y, Men M, Xu B, Meng Q, Bello A, Xu X, Huang X. Assessing key microbial communities determining nitrogen transformation in composting of cow manure using illumina high-throughput sequencing. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 92:59-67. [PMID: 31160027 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Insight to nitrogen transformation and cycling during composting is vital in developing management strategies that improve nitrogen content and quality of the end product. In this study, a positive ventilation device was constructed and used to elucidate nitrogen transformation and microbial community structures during the composting of cow manure and rice straw. Bacterial community successions were analyzed during the composting process by examining the change in their structural dynamics using high-throughput sequencing technique. The results revealed that dominant phyla, included Acidobacter, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, and Actinobacteria. Furthermore, a positive strong correlation was observed between the key bacterial communities and nitrogen transformation. Analyses of functional genera, Spearman correlation and Path showed that Thermomonospora_curvata_DSM_43183 followed by Luteimonas and Simiduia, Brevundimonas and Tamlana, Pseudomonas followed by Brevundimonas and Flavobacterium were the key bacterial communities affecting NH4+-N, NO3--N, and NO2--N transformation, respectively. Thauera followed by Pseudomonas_putida_NBRC_14164 played a dominant role in N2O transformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Mengqi Men
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Benshu Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qingxin Meng
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ayodeji Bello
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiuhong Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Xinning Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Fan H, Liao J, Abass OK, Liu L, Huang X, Wei L, Li J, Xie W, Liu C. Effects of compost characteristics on nutrient retention and simultaneous pollutant immobilization and degradation during co-composting process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 275:61-69. [PMID: 30576915 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to examine the effects of controlled addition of liquid (LM) to solid (SM) manure compost using a volume-model technique on the co-composting of SM and LM, and further to investigate the major effects of bulking material sizes and LM types on the co-composting process and final compost characteristics. Results indicated that this volume-model technique played a critical role in reducing leachate generation and improving the overall efficiency of the co-composting process. Specifically, the developed model enhanced the evaporation rates of windrows during the co-composting process. For improved final compost properties, small bulking materials and swine-effluent-based LM were found to be more efficient for organic matter degradation, LM consumption, hazardous metals immobilization, and essential nutrients retention than large bulking materials and biogas-based LM. Thus, process parameter optimizations represent major research options for successful co-composting applications for the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyong Fan
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Jie Liao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology (Fujian Province University), Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China
| | - Olusegun K Abass
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Xu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Lili Wei
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology (Fujian Province University), Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China
| | - Chaoxiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Jiang J, Pan Y, Yang X, Liu J, Miao H, Ren Y, Zhang C, Yan G, Lv J, Li Y. Beneficial influences of pelelith and dicyandiamide on gaseous emissions and the fungal community during sewage sludge composting. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:8928-8938. [PMID: 30715712 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04404-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Reducing the emissions of NH3 and greenhouse gases (GHGs) during composting is essential for improving compost quality and controlling environmental pollution. This paper investigates the effects of pelelith (P) combined with dicyandiamide (DCD) on gaseous emissions and the fungal community diversity during sewage sludge (SS) composting. Results showed that the P and P + DCD treatments decreased the cumulative gaseous emissions by 41% and 22% for NH3, 21% and 34% for N2O, and 31.5% and 33.0% for CH4, respectively. The evolution of the fungal community analysis showed that Ascomycota and unclassified fungi dominated during the thermophilic stage, while only Ascomycota was the dominant fungal phylum during the maturity stage, composing 62%, 66%, and 73% of the total fungal community in the control, P, and P + DCD, respectively. The P and P + DCD significantly increased the fungal community richness at the genus level. Fungal community abundance was found to be significantly related to temperature, pH, organic matter, and total Kjeldahl nitrogen, which also influence the gaseous emissions during SS composting. It suggested that the combined addition of pelelith and dicyandiamide (DCD) was an effective method for reducing the emissions of NH3 and greenhouse gases during SS composting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jishao Jiang
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China.
| | - Youwei Pan
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Xianli Yang
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Juan Liu
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Haohao Miao
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Yuqing Ren
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Guangxuan Yan
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Jinghua Lv
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China
| | - Yunbei Li
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Yang B, Ma Y, Xiong Z. Effects of different composting strategies on methane, nitrous oxide, and carbon dioxide emissions and nutrient loss during small-scale anaerobic composting. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:446-455. [PMID: 30406585 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3646-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Composting is considered as one of the main sustainable methods for the treatment of livestock manure. In this study we investigated the effects of additives (urea and rice straw) on methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions using a traditional Chinese pig slurry composting method over an 81-day period, as well as examining total organic carbon and total nitrogen loss. Four common treatment strategies were examined in this study: a control (MC), urea nitrogen addition (MN), composting using rice straw cover (MScover), and compost mixed with rice straw (MSmix). Our results indicate that the addition of urea resulted in the lowest total CH4 emissions and the highest N2O emissions. MScover treatment had the highest and most significant effect on CH4 emissions, while MSmix treatment had the lowest CO2 emissions. Carbon lost through CH4 and CO2 released during the experiment was 0.1-0.9 and 2.4-3.9% of total carbon loss, respectively, and nitrogen lost through N2O release was 11.1-17.9% of total nitrogen. In general, although MSmix, MScover, and MN treatments increased global warming potential by 21.4, 41.6, and 50.9% per kg of pig slurry, respectively, no statistical differences between the four treatments were recorded. By considering carbon and nitrogen conservation, as well as the improvement of the quality of compost and the mitigation of greenhouse gases (GHGs), the small-scale composting method of pig slurry alone is an acceptable environmentally friendly strategy for use in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yuchun Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengqin Xiong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Agriculture and GHGs Mitigation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Jiang J, Kang K, Wang C, Sun X, Dang S, Wang N, Wang Y, Zhang C, Yan G, Li Y. Evaluation of total greenhouse gas emissions during sewage sludge composting by the different dicyandiamide added forms: Mixing, surface broadcasting, and their combination. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 81:94-103. [PMID: 30527048 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to compare the impact of different adding forms of dicyandiamide (DCD) on NH3 and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during sewage sludge (SS) composting. Four treatments were set up using SS mixed with sawdust, to which DCD was then added by mixing (M), surface broadcasting (B), and a combination of the two (M+B). The treatment without DCD applied was used as the control. The results indicate that the addition of DCD slightly inhibited the organic matter (OM) degradation, but that it had no significant effect on CO2 emission. The surface mulching of DCD has no significant effect on NH3, N2O, and CH4 emissions. The mixing addition of DCD significantly increased the NH3 emission by 32.5% compared to that of the control. The N2O emission for the M and M+B treatments significantly decreased by 35.1% and 51.8%, respectively. The CH4 emission for the M and M+B treatments decreased by 33.9% and 31.8%, respectively. In addition, the total GHG emissions for the M and M+B treatments were significantly reduced by 16.7-25.7% (P < 0.05) compared to those of the control. Therefore, to reduce the total GHG emissions of the SS composting process, the addition of DCD by a combination of mixing and surface mulching is strongly recommended as a highly efficient solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jishao Jiang
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
| | - Kang Kang
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chenjing Wang
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Xingju Sun
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Sen Dang
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Nian Wang
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Guangxuan Yan
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yunbei Li
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environmental and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
| |
Collapse
|