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Lee J, Hong S, An SA, Khim JS. Methodological advances and future directions of microalgal bioassays for evaluation of potential toxicity in environmental samples: A review. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 173:107869. [PMID: 36905773 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microalgal bioassays are widely applied to evaluate the potential toxicity of various persistent toxic substances in environmental samples due to multiple advantages, including high sensitivity, short test duration, and cost-effectiveness. Microalgal bioassay is gradually developing in method, and the scope of application to environmental samples is also expanding. Here, we reviewed the published literature on microalgal bioassays for environmental assessments, focusing on types of samples, sample preparation methods, and endpoints, and highlighted key scientific advancements. Bibliographic analysis was performed with the keywords 'microalgae' and 'toxicity' or 'bioassay', and 'microalgal toxicity'; 89 research articles were selected and reviewed. Traditionally, most studies implementing microalgal bioassays focused on water samples (44%) with passive samplers (38%). Studies using the direct exposure method (41%) of injecting microalgae into sampled water mainly evaluated toxic effects by growth inhibition (63%). Recently, various automated sampling techniques, in situ bioanalytical methods with multiple endpoints, and targeted and non-targeted chemical analyses have been applied. More research is needed to identify causative toxicants affecting microalgae and to quantify the cause-effect relationships. This study provides the first comprehensive overview of recent advances in microalgal bioassays performed with environmental samples, suggesting future research directions based on current understanding and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghyun Lee
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongjin Hong
- Department of Marine Environmental Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong-Ah An
- Department of Marine Environmental Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Seong Khim
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Huarachi-Olivera R, Yapo Ú, Dueñas-Gonza A, Romero-Ugarte M, Mendoza G, Silva-Paredes W, Lazarte-Rivera A, Esparza M. Bioensayos Ecotoxicológicos con la microalga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata para medir el impacto de los metales en ecosistemas lóticos utilizando técnicas de microscopía confocal de fluorescencia. TIP REVISTA ESPECIALIZADA EN CIENCIAS QUÍMICO-BIOLÓGICAS 2019. [DOI: 10.22201/fesz.23958723e.2019.0.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Un bioensayo ecotoxicológico rápido y sencillo permite una estimación confiable del estado de los ecosistemas lóticos de las cuencas de Camaná, Majes y Colca localizados en la Región en Arequipa-Perú en seis estaciones de muestreo (Taparza, Grande, Majes1, Majes2, Camaná1 y Camaná2), mediante la inhibición del crecimiento de la microalga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata a las 24, 48 y 72 horas y la Concentración Efectiva Media (CE50), a las 72 horas en comparación con los Estándares peruanos de Calidad Ambiental (ECA) y las directrices de la calidad del agua de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Se observó que en los puntos de muestreo de Majes1 y Majes2 se superaron los valores de coliformes termotolerantes al aluminio, manganeso, hierro y sólidos suspendidos totales (SST) comparados con los valores de ECA y directrices de calidad del agua de la OMS, con una CE50 categorizándolos como moderadamente tóxicos. En este artículo, se utilizaron técnicas de microscopía confocal de fluorescencia para observar el impacto de los estándares de la EQS y los de la OMS, proponiendo como modelo la aplicación de técnicas microscópicas, con amplias perspectivas para futuros estudios de ecotoxicidad por metales.
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3
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Babić S, Barišić J, Stipaničev D, Repec S, Lovrić M, Malev O, Martinović-Weigelt D, Čož-Rakovac R, Klobučar G. Assessment of river sediment toxicity: Combining empirical zebrafish embryotoxicity testing with in silico toxicity characterization. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 643:435-450. [PMID: 29945079 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative chemical analyses of 428 organic contaminants (OCs) indicated the presence of 313 OCs in the sediment extracts from Sava River, Croatia. Pharmaceuticals were present in higher concentrations than pesticides thus confirming their increasing threat to freshwater ecosystems. Toxicity evaluation of the sediment extracts from four locations (Jesenice, Rugvica, Galdovo and Lukavec) using zebrafish embryotoxicity test (ZET) accompanied with semi-quantitative histopathological analyses exhibited correlation with cumulative number and concentrations of OCs at the investigated sites (10.05, 15.22, 1.25, and 9.13 μg/g respectively). Toxicity of sediment extracts and sediment was predicted using toxic unit (TU) approach and persistence, bioaccumulation and toxicity (PBT) ranking. Additionally, influential OCs and genes were identified by graph mining of the prior knowledge informed, site-specific chemical-gene interaction models. Predicted toxicity of sediment extracts (TUext) was similar to the results obtained by ZET and associated histopathology with Rugvica sediment being the most toxic, followed by Jesenice, Lukavec and Galdovo. Sediment TU (TUsed) favoured OCs with low octanol-water partition coefficients like herbicide glyphosate and antibiotics ciprofloxacin and sulfamethazine thus indicating locations containing higher concentrations of these OCs (Galdovo and Rugvica) as the most toxic. Results suggest that comprehensive in silico sediment toxicity predictions advocate providing equal attention to organic contaminants with either very low or very high log Kow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Babić
- Laboratory for Biotechnology in Aquaculture, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, Croatia; Centre of Excellence for Marine Bioprospecting-BioProCro, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Josip Barišić
- Laboratory for Biotechnology in Aquaculture, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, Croatia; Centre of Excellence for Marine Bioprospecting-BioProCro, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Draženka Stipaničev
- Croatian Waters, Central Water Management Laboratory, Ulica grada Vukovara 220, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Siniša Repec
- Croatian Waters, Central Water Management Laboratory, Ulica grada Vukovara 220, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mario Lovrić
- Know-Center, Inffeldgasse 13/6, A-8010 Graz, Austria; NMR Centre, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Olga Malev
- Division of Zoology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, Zagreb, Croatia; Department for Translational Medicine, Children's Hospital Srebrnjak, Srebrnjak 100, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dalma Martinović-Weigelt
- University of St. Thomas, Department of Biology, Mail OWS 390, 2115 Summit Ave, Saint Paul, MN 55105, USA
| | - Rozelindra Čož-Rakovac
- Laboratory for Biotechnology in Aquaculture, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, Croatia; Centre of Excellence for Marine Bioprospecting-BioProCro, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Göran Klobučar
- Division of Zoology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Carusso S, Juárez AB, Moretton J, Magdaleno A. Effects of three veterinary antibiotics and their binary mixtures on two green alga species. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 194:821-827. [PMID: 29268103 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The individual and combined toxicities of chlortetracycline (CTC), oxytetracycline (OTC) and enrofloxacin (ENF) have been examined in two green algae representative of the freshwater environment, the international standard strain Pseudokichneriella subcapitata and the native strain Ankistrodesmus fusiformis. The toxicities of the three antibiotics and their mixtures were similar in both strains, although low concentrations of ENF and CTC + ENF were more toxic in A. fusiformis than in the standard strain. The toxicological interactions of binary mixtures were predicted using the two classical models of additivity: Concentration Addition (CA) and Independent Action (IA), and compared to the experimentally determined toxicities over a range of concentrations between 0.1 and 10 mg L-1. The CA model predicted the inhibition of algal growth in the three mixtures in P. subcapitata, and in the CTC + OTC and CTC + ENF mixtures in A. fusiformis. However, this model underestimated the experimental results obtained in the OTC + ENF mixture in A. fusiformis. The IA model did not predict the experimental toxicological effects of the three mixtures in either strain. The sum of the toxic units (TU) for the mixtures was calculated. According to these values, the binary mixtures CTC + ENF and OTC + ENF showed an additive effect, and the CTC + OTC mixture showed antagonism in P. subcapitata, whereas the three mixtures showed synergistic effects in A. fusiformis. Although A. fusiformis was isolated from a polluted river, it showed a similar sensitivity with respect to P. subcapitata when it was exposed to binary mixtures of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Carusso
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Salud Pública e Higiene Ambiental, Junin 956, 4° Piso, C1113 AAC, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Departamento de Química Biológica, Benos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A B Juárez
- Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Departamento de Química Biológica, Benos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J Moretton
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Salud Pública e Higiene Ambiental, Junin 956, 4° Piso, C1113 AAC, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Magdaleno
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Salud Pública e Higiene Ambiental, Junin 956, 4° Piso, C1113 AAC, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Biruk LN, Moretton J, Fabrizio de Iorio A, Weigandt C, Etcheverry J, Filippetto J, Magdaleno A. Toxicity and genotoxicity assessment in sediments from the Matanza-Riachuelo river basin (Argentina) under the influence of heavy metals and organic contaminants. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 135:302-311. [PMID: 27764694 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the parameters of chemical extraction associated with the detection of toxicity and genotoxicity in sediment sample extracts. Quantitative analysis of metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), together with a battery of four bioassays, was performed in order to evaluate the extraction efficiency of inorganic and organic toxicants. The extracts were carried out using two inorganic solvents, two organic solvents and two extraction methodologies, making a total of five extracts. Two toxicity tests, the algal growth inhibition of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and the root elongation inhibition of Lactuca sativa, and two genotoxicity tests, the analysis of revertants of Salmonella typhimurium and the analysis of micronuclei and chromosomal aberrations in Allium cepa, were performed. According to the chemical analysis, the acidic solution extracted more heavy metal concentrations than distilled water, and dichloromethane extracted more but fewer concentrations of PAH compounds than methanol. Shaker extracts with distilled water were non-toxic to P. subcapitata, but were toxic to L. sativa. The acidic extracts were more toxic to P. subcapitata than to L. sativa. The methanolic organic extracts were more toxic to the alga than those obtained with dichloromethane. None of these extracts resulted toxic to L. sativa. Mutagenic effects were only detected in the organic dichloromethane extracts in the presence of metabolic activation. All the inorganic and organic extracts were genotoxic to A. cepa. This study showed that the implementation of different extraction methods together with a battery of bioassays could be suitable tools for detecting toxicity and genotoxicity in sediment samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía N Biruk
- Cátedra de Salud Pública e Higiene Ambiental, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junin 956 4° Piso (C1113AAC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Moretton
- Cátedra de Salud Pública e Higiene Ambiental, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junin 956 4° Piso (C1113AAC), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alicia Fabrizio de Iorio
- Cátedra de Química Analítica, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cristian Weigandt
- Cátedra de Química Analítica, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martín 4453, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jimena Etcheverry
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial, Av. General Paz 5445, (1650), San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Javier Filippetto
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Industrial, Av. General Paz 5445, (1650), San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Anahí Magdaleno
- Cátedra de Salud Pública e Higiene Ambiental, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junin 956 4° Piso (C1113AAC), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Kolarević S, Aborgiba M, Kračun-Kolarević M, Kostić J, Simonović P, Simić V, Milošković A, Reischer G, Farnleitner A, Gačić Z, Milačič R, Zuliani T, Vidmar J, Pergal M, Piria M, Paunović M, Vuković-Gačić B. Evaluation of Genotoxic Pressure along the Sava River. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162450. [PMID: 27631093 PMCID: PMC5025182 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we have performed a comprehensive genotoxicological survey along the 900 rkm of the Sava River. In total, 12 sites were chosen in compliance with the goals of GLOBAQUA project dealing with the effects of multiple stressors on biodiversity and functioning of aquatic ecosystems. The genotoxic potential was assessed using a complex battery of bioassays performed in prokaryotes and aquatic eukaryotes (freshwater fish). Battery comprised evaluation of mutagenicity by SOS/umuC test in Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002. The level of DNA damage as a biomarker of exposure (comet assay) and biomarker of effect (micronucleus assay) and the level of oxidative stress as well (Fpg—modified comet assay) was studied in blood cells of bleak and spirlin (Alburnus alburnus/Alburnoides bipunctatus respectively). Result indicated differential sensitivity of applied bioassays in detection of genotoxic pressure. The standard and Fpg—modified comet assay showed higher potential in differentiation of the sites based on genotoxic potential in comparison with micronucleus assay and SOS/umuC test. Our data represent snapshot of the current status of the river which indicates the presence of genotoxic potential along the river which can be traced to the deterioration of quality of the Sava River by communal and industrial wastewaters. The major highlight of the study is that we have provided complex set of data obtained from a single source (homogeneity of analyses for all samples).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stoimir Kolarević
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, Belgrade, Serbia
- * E-mail:
| | - Mustafa Aborgiba
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Jovana Kostić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Predrag Simonović
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladica Simić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | | | - Georg Reischer
- TU Wien, Institute for Chemical Engineering, Research Group Environmental Microbiology and Molecular Ecology, Interuniversity Cooperation Centre Water & Health, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Farnleitner
- TU Wien, Institute for Chemical Engineering, Research Group Environmental Microbiology and Molecular Ecology, Interuniversity Cooperation Centre Water & Health, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zoran Gačić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Radmila Milačič
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tea Zuliani
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janja Vidmar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marija Pergal
- University of Belgrade, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marina Piria
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Momir Paunović
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research ¨Siniša Stanković¨, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branka Vuković-Gačić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, Belgrade, Serbia
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Fungal Bioremediation of Emerging Micropollutants in Municipal Wastewaters. FUNGAL APPLICATIONS IN SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-42852-9_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Zhang Y, Sun Q, Zhou J, Masunaga S, Ma F. Reduction in toxicity of wastewater from three wastewater treatment plants to alga (Scenedesmus obliquus) in northeast China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 119:132-139. [PMID: 25996525 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of municipal wastewater to the receiving water bodies is still unknown, due to the lack of regulated toxicity based index for wastewater discharge in China. Our study aims at gaining insight into the acute toxic effects of local municipal wastewater on alga, Scenedesmus obliquus. Four endpoints, i.e. cell density, chlorophyll-A concentration, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and cell membrane integrity, of alga were analyzed to characterize the acute toxicity effects of wastewater from municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) with different treatment techniques: sequencing batch reactor (SBR), Linpor and conventional activated sludge. Influent and effluent from each treatment stage in these three WWTPs were sampled and evaluated for their acute toxicity. Our results showed that all three techniques can completely affect the algal chlorophyll-A synthesis stimulation effects of influent; the algal cell growth stimulation effect was only completely removed by the secondary treatment process in conventional activated sludge technique; toxic effects on cell membrane integrity of two influents from WWTPs with SBR and conventional activated sludge techniques were completely removed; the acute toxicity on SOD activity was partially reduced in SBR and conventional activated sludge techniques while not significantly reduced by Linpor system. As to the disinfection unit, NaClO disinfection enhanced wastewater toxicity dramatically while UV radiation had no remarkable influence on wastewater toxicity. Our results illustrated that SOD activity and chlorophyll-A synthesis were relatively sensitive to municipal wastewater toxicity. Our results would aid to understand the acute toxicity of municipal wastewater, as well as the toxicity removal by currently utilized treatment techniques in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Qing Sun
- Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jiti Zhou
- Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Ganjingzi District, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Shigeki Masunaga
- Faculty of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79 7 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240 8501, Japan
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nan Gang District, Harbin 150090, China.
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Vardić Smrzlić I, Valić D, Kapetanović D, Filipović Marijić V, Gjurčević E, Teskeredžić E. Pomphorhynchus laevis (Acanthocephala) from the Sava River basin: New insights into strain formation, mtDNA-like sequences and dynamics of infection. Parasitol Int 2015; 64:243-50. [PMID: 25728305 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Here we report the genetic variability and presence of mtDNA-like sequences of Pomphorhynchus laevis from the chub, Squalius cephalus, caught at the sampling sites along the Sava River and its tributary the Sutla River in Croatia. Sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene of the recovered P. laevis specimens were used for haplotype network construction and phylogenetic analysis. These analyses showed that some specimens contained mitochondrial-like sequences, and they uncovered the existence of a Sava River basin strain different from known strains of P. laevis. This is the first time that P. laevis has been shown to contain mtDNA-like sequences, suggesting the need to exercise caution during COI analyses of P. laevis using universal primers. Highly conserved sequences of two nuclear markers, the ITS region and 18S rRNA, were not helpful for understanding genetic variability or differentiating strains. Furthermore, analysis of the dynamics of P. laevis infections in S. cephalus from the Sava and Sutla Rivers showed decreased prevalence and abundance at sites with inferior water quality, positive association of parasite abundance with fish size, and no clear association of parasite abundance with fish condition index or sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Vardić Smrzlić
- Laboratory for Aquaculture and Pathology of Aquatic Organisms, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Damir Valić
- Laboratory for Aquaculture and Pathology of Aquatic Organisms, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Damir Kapetanović
- Laboratory for Aquaculture and Pathology of Aquatic Organisms, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vlatka Filipović Marijić
- Laboratory for Biological Effects of Metals, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Emil Gjurčević
- Department for Biology and Pathology of Fish and Bees, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Heinzelova 55, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Emin Teskeredžić
- Laboratory for Aquaculture and Pathology of Aquatic Organisms, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Navarro-Ortega A, Acuña V, Bellin A, Burek P, Cassiani G, Choukr-Allah R, Dolédec S, Elosegi A, Ferrari F, Ginebreda A, Grathwohl P, Jones C, Rault PK, Kok K, Koundouri P, Ludwig RP, Merz R, Milacic R, Muñoz I, Nikulin G, Paniconi C, Paunović M, Petrovic M, Sabater L, Sabaterb S, Skoulikidis NT, Slob A, Teutsch G, Voulvoulis N, Barceló D. Managing the effects of multiple stressors on aquatic ecosystems under water scarcity. The GLOBAQUA project. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 503-504:3-9. [PMID: 25005236 PMCID: PMC4236898 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Water scarcity is a serious environmental problem in many European regions, and will likely increase in the near future as a consequence of increased abstraction and climate change. Water scarcity exacerbates the effects of multiple stressors, and thus results in decreased water quality. It impacts river ecosystems, threatens the services they provide, and it will force managers and policy-makers to change their current practices. The EU-FP7 project GLOBAQUA aims at identifying the prevalence, interaction and linkages between stressors, and to assess their effects on the chemical and ecological status of freshwater ecosystems in order to improve water management practice and policies. GLOBAQUA assembles a multidisciplinary team of 21 European plus 2 non-European scientific institutions, as well as water authorities and river basin managers. The project includes experts in hydrology, chemistry, biology, geomorphology, modelling, socio-economics, governance science, knowledge brokerage, and policy advocacy. GLOBAQUA studies six river basins (Ebro, Adige, Sava, Evrotas, Anglian and Souss Massa) affected by water scarcity, and aims to answer the following questions: how does water scarcity interact with other existing stressors in the study river basins? How will these interactions change according to the different scenarios of future global change? Which will be the foreseeable consequences for river ecosystems? How will these in turn affect the services the ecosystems provide? How should management and policies be adapted to minimise the ecological, economic and societal consequences? These questions will be approached by combining data-mining, field- and laboratory-based research, and modelling. Here, we outline the general structure of the project and the activities to be conducted within the fourteen work-packages of GLOBAQUA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alícia Navarro-Ortega
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona Spain.
| | - Vicenç Acuña
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Girona, Spain
| | - Alberto Bellin
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento (UNITN), Trento, Italy
| | - Peter Burek
- Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES-JRC), Ispra, Italy
| | - Giorgio Cassiani
- Department of Geosciences, University of Padova (UNIPD), Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Arturo Elosegi
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | | | - Antoni Ginebreda
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona Spain
| | - Peter Grathwohl
- Center for Applied Geosciences, Tuebingen University (EKUT), Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Colin Jones
- Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Rossby Centre (SMHI), Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Philippe Ker Rault
- Climate Change and Adaptive Land and Water Management Team, Wageningen University and Research Centre (ALTERRA), Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kasper Kok
- Wageningen University (WU), Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Phoebe Koundouri
- Research and Innovation Centre in Information, Communication and Knowledge Technologies (ATHENA), Athens, Greece; Athens University of Economics and Business, Athens, Greece; London School of Economics and Political Science, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ralf Peter Ludwig
- Department of Geography, Faculty of Geosciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, (LMU), München, Germany
| | - Ralf Merz
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Radmila Milacic
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, (JSI), Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Isabel Muñoz
- Department of Ecology, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Grigory Nikulin
- Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Rossby Centre (SMHI), Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Claudio Paniconi
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Quebec City, Canada
| | - Momir Paunović
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research Siniša Stanković (IBISS), Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mira Petrovic
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Girona, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Sabater
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona Spain
| | - Sergi Sabaterb
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Nikolaos Th Skoulikidis
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biological Resources & Inland Waters (HCMR), Athens, Greece
| | - Adriaan Slob
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Georg Teutsch
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Voulvoulis
- The Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine (IMPERIAL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Damià Barceló
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona Spain; Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Girona, Spain
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11
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Smital T, Ahel M. Ecotoxicological Characterization of the Sava River: Biomarker Responses and Biological Assays. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-44034-6_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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12
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Smital T, Terzić S, Lončar J, Senta I, Žaja R, Popović M, Mikac I, Tollefsen KE, Thomas KV, Ahel M. Prioritisation of organic contaminants in a river basin using chemical analyses and bioassays. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:1384-1395. [PMID: 22798145 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-1059-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Region-specific contaminant prioritisation is an important prerequisite for sustainable and cost-effective monitoring due to the high number of different contaminants that may be present. Surface water and sediment samples from the Sava River, Croatia, were collected at four locations covering a 150-km-long river section characterised by well-defined pollution gradients. Analysis of contaminant profiles along the pollution gradients was performed by combining toxicity screening using a battery of small-scale or in vitro bioassays, which covered different modes of action, with detailed chemical characterisation based on gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS). A large number of contaminants, belonging to different toxicant classes, were identified in both analysed matrices. Analyses of water samples showed that contaminants having polar character occurred in the highest concentrations, while in sediments, contributions from both non-polar and amphiphilic contaminants should be taken into account. Estimated contributions of individual contaminant classes to the overall toxicity indicated that, besides the classical pollutants, a number of emerging contaminants, including surfactants, pharmaceuticals, personal care products and plasticizers, should be taken into consideration in future monitoring activities. This work demonstrates the importance of the integrated chemical and bioanalytical approach for a systematic region-specific pollutant prioritisation. Finally, the results presented in this study confirm that hazard assessment in complex environmental matrices should be directed towards identification of key pollutants, rather than focusing on a priori selected contaminants alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tvrtko Smital
- Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Bijenicka 54, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
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13
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Britvić S, Hackenberger BK, Jarić D, Stepić S. Detection of mutagens and BaPMO inducers in river water using the Blue Cotton adsorption technique. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2012; 27:146-154. [PMID: 20549646 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2009] [Accepted: 04/16/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Induction of Mixed Function Oxidase (MFO) activity and bioactivation potential were measured in experimental carp and in native fish species from two rivers with different pollution level (Sava and Mrežnica). The experimental carp were intraperitoneally exposed to various water volume equivalents of Blue Cotton extracts from both rivers. The induction of MFO measured as a Benzo(a)pyrene monooxygenase (BaPMO) activity was increased up to 9.3-fold in experimental carp and up to 11.3-fold in native fish from Sava River, whereas the values from Mrežnica River showed only a slight increase when compared with the control (highest increase of 1.8-fold in nose carp). Accordingly, bioactivation potential using modified Ames test was higher in both experiments with Sava River. Both measured parameters in experimental carp increased in a dose-dependent manner in accordance to river volume equivalents. Different induction potential of native fish species comparable between two rivers confirmed the known possibility of their usage in biomonitoring studies. These results give qualitatively a new support to the idea of using Blue Cotton extraction technique combined with induction of MFO activity and Ames test in fish as a good biomarker for assessing risk of exposure to mutagens/carcinogens such as Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), especially due to the simplicity and cost-effectiveness of these methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smiljana Britvić
- Center for Marine and Environmental Research, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
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14
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Wik A, Nilsson E, Källqvist T, Tobiesen A, Dave G. Toxicity assessment of sequential leachates of tire powder using a battery of toxicity tests and toxicity identification evaluations. CHEMOSPHERE 2009; 77:922-7. [PMID: 19758678 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2009] [Revised: 08/19/2009] [Accepted: 08/23/2009] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 460,000 ton of rubber are dispersed annually along the European roads due to tire wear. Tire rubber is known to leach compounds that are toxic to aquatic organisms. However, the potential effects of tire wear material on aquatic organisms at environmental relevant concentrations, and over time have so far not been extensively studied. In this study, rubber from three different tires was abraded and the powder leached in deionised water. The rubber powder was leached six times sequentially. All leachates were tested for toxicity using standardized toxicity tests including green algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, 72h growth inhibition), crustaceans (Daphnia magna, 24 and 48h immobility and Ceriodaphnia dubia, 48h survival and 9d reproduction and survival), and zebra fish eggs (Danio rerio, 48h lethality). The reproduction of C. dubia was the most sensitive endpoint tested, with an EC50 of 0.013 g L(-1) up to the third leaching of the most toxic tire, which is similar to a predicted concentration in road runoffs. The toxicity of all tires was reduced by the sequential leachings and after the sixth leaching the EC50s were >0.1 g L(-1) for all endpoints. Toxicity identification evaluations indicated that the toxicity was caused by zinc and organic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wik
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
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15
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Teodorović I. Ecotoxicological research and related legislation in Serbia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2009; 16 Suppl 1:S123-S129. [PMID: 19404696 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-009-0152-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2009] [Accepted: 03/31/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several hot spots of severe freshwater pollution and sediment contamination (mostly heavy metals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls) have been identified in Serbia as the consequence of outdated environmental legislation, negligible amounts of properly treated waste waters and accidental spills. DISCUSSION Since ecotoxicological methods have never been incorporated into risk assessment procedures, mandatory effluent discharge or ambient water monitoring programmes, ecotoxicological research, based on bioaccumulation studies, conventional ecotoxicological tests and, recently, biomarkers of exposure and effect have been restricted to independent small- to medium-scale studies, conducted, basically, to confirm, underline or oppose the results of chemical-based monitoring and to lament on inadequate environmental regulations/policy and management practice. Although hot and unresolved ecotoxicological problems still remain beyond the reach of ecotoxicological research currently conducted in Serbia, or are tackled only sporadically, it is to be expected that on-going research and institutional capacity building should, hopefully, increase the competence and competitiveness of scientific community and speed up the process of harmonisation of national environmental legislation and policy with European Union.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Teodorović
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology (LECOTOX), Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
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16
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Dragun Z, Podrug M, Raspor B. Combined use of bioindicators and passive samplers for the assessment of river water contamination with metals. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2009; 57:211-220. [PMID: 19067029 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-008-9264-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2008] [Accepted: 11/10/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In autumn 2005, the site-specific variability of cytosolic metal and protein concentrations in gills of European chub from the Sava River could be mostly associated with gill mass variability. In spring 2006, the correlations of metals and proteins with gill mass were mainly nonsignificant, and their site-specific variability could be presumably associated with river water pollution. The spring cytosolic concentrations of Zn, Cu, and Mn did not differ significantly between the sites (medians: 8.37-11.34 microg ml(-1), 68.2-86.2 ng ml(-1), and 55.9-68.6 ng ml(-1), respectively). Increased cytosolic Cd concentrations were obtained at Oborovo and Lukavec Posavski (median: 4.01 ng ml(-1))-the sites influenced by pollution sources from two major urban areas-compared with the remaining sampling sites (median: 1.93 ng ml(-1)). Cytosolic Fe concentrations were almost two times higher at Jasenovac (median: 11.98 microg ml(-1)) compared with the concentrations at Sava-Zagreb (median: 6.72 microg ml(-1)). Labile Fe concentrations measured in river water with passive samplers indicated that cytosolic Fe concentrations in the spring possibly reflected water-borne Fe uptake. The spring cytosolic protein concentrations decreased from upstream (Otok Samoborski: 27.2 +/- 5.6 mg ml(-1)) toward the downstream sites (Lukavec Posavski: 14.8 +/- 2.8 mg ml(-1)), possibly because of the influence of organic pollution and water toxicity. The spring period seems to be a more appropriate season for the assessment of the river water pollution if chub gills are used as the target organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zrinka Dragun
- Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruder Bosković Institute, P.O. Box 180, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Schwarzbauer J, Claus E, Heininger P, Neumann-Hensel H. Effektorientierte Untersuchungen zur Algentoxizität fraktionierter Porenwässer und Eluate aus Elbesedimenten. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s12302-009-0066-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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