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Liu C, Li L, Xu L, Zhang T, He Q, Xin X. Enhancing volatile fatty acids production from waste activated sludge: The role of pretreatment by N,N-bis(carboxymethyl)-l-glutamate (GLDA). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 21:100393. [PMID: 38357479 PMCID: PMC10864876 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2024.100393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
N,N-bis(carboxymethyl)-l-glutamate (GLDA) is an eco-friendly chelating agent that effectively extracts multivalent metal ions from waste activated sludge (WAS) flocs, which could potentially alter their structure. However, the effect of GLDA on the production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) from WAS is not well known. Here, we demonstrate that pretreatment with GLDA at a concentration of 200 mmol per kg VSS results in a significant increase of 142% in extractable extracellular polymeric substances and enhances the total VFAs yield by 64% compared to untreated samples. We reveal GLDA's capability to mobilize organic-binding multivalent metal ions within sludge flocs. Specifically, post-pretreatment analyses showed the release of 69.1 mg L-1 of Ca and 109.8 mg L-1 of Fe ions from the flocs, leading to a more relaxed floc structure and a reduced apparent activation energy (10.6 versus 20 kJ mol-1) for WAS solubilization. Molecular dynamic simulations further demonstrate GLDA's preferential binding to Fe3+ and Ca2+ over Mg2+. Our study suggests that GLDA pretreatment causes minimal disruption to reactor stability, thereby indicating the stability of microbial community composition. GLDA has emerged as a viable pretreatment agent for enhancing volatile fatty acids production from waste activated sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Linji Xu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Tanglong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Xin
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, PR China
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Zhang X, Zhu Z, Guo Z, Huang Z, Zheng X, Wang X, Zhu L, Zhang G, Liu B, Xu D. Magnetic FNS/MILs nanofibers for highly efficient removal of norfloxacin via adsorption and Fenton-like reaction. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 359:142258. [PMID: 38719119 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Iron-containing MOFs have attracted extensive interest as promising Fenton-like catalysts. In this work, magnetic Fe3O4 nanofiber (FNS)/MOFs composites with stable structure, included FNS/MIL-88B, FNS/MIL-88A and FNS/MIL-100, were prepared via the in-situ solvothermal method. The surface of the obtained fibers was covered by a dense and continuous MOFs layer, which could effectively solve the agglomeration problem of MOFs powder and improved the catalytic performance. The adsorption and catalytic properties of FNS/MOFs composites were evaluated by removal of norfloxacin. FNS/MIL-88B showed the best performance with a maximum adsorption capacity up to 214.09 mg/g, and could degrade 99% of NRF in 60 min. Meanwhile, FNS/MIL-88B had a saturation magnetization of 20 emu/g, and could be rapidly separated by an applied magnetic field. The self-supported nanofibers allowed the adequate contact between MOFs and pollutants, and promoted the catalytic activity and high stability. We believe that this work provided a new idea for the design and preparation of Fenton-like catalysts especially MOFs composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Ze Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Zhenfeng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Ziting Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Xinhua Zheng
- Technology Center of Jinan Customs District, Jinan, 250014, PR China
| | - Xinqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China.
| | - Luyi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Benxue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Dong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
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3
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Xiong Y, Lai J, Liu Z, Song M. Synergetic conditioning via oxalic acid enhanced Fe 2+/CaO 2 and skeleton construct to achieve deep dewatering of sewage sludge. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 358:142115. [PMID: 38657689 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) with highly hydrophilic groups and sludge with high compressibility are determined sludge dewaterability. Herein, Fe2+ catalyzed calcium peroxide (CaO2) assisted by oxalic acid (OA) Fenton-like process combined with coal slime was applied to improve sludge dewaterability. Results demonstrated that the sludge treated by 0.45/1/1.1-OA/Fe2+/CaO2 mM/g DS, the water content (WC), specific resistance to filtration and capillary suction time dropped to 53.01%, 24.3 s and 1.2 × 1012 m/kg, respectively. Under coal slime ratio as 0.6, WC and compressibility were further reduced to 42.72% and 0.66, respectively. The hydroxyl radicals generated by OA/Fe2+/CaO2 under near-neutral pH layer by layer collapsed EPS, resulting in the degradation and migration of inner releasing components and the exposure of inner sludge flocs skeleton. The hydrophilic tryptophan-like protein of TB-EPS were degraded into aromatic protein of S-EPS and exposed inner hydrophobic sites. The protein secondary structures were transformed by destroying hydrophilic functional groups, which were attributed to the reducing α-helix ratio and reconstructing β-sheet. Moreover, coal slime as the skeleton builder lowered compressibility and formed more macropores to increase the filterability of pre-oxidized sludge for the higher intensity of rigid substances. This study deepened the understanding of OA enhanced Fenton-like system effects on sludge dewaterability and proposed a cost-effective and synergistic waste treatment strategy in sludge dewatering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China
| | - Jiahao Lai
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China
| | - Zonghao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China
| | - Min Song
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China.
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Zhang J, Zhang Y, Lv N, Li F, Li Y, Guo Z. Electrochemistry promotion of Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ) cycle for continuous activation of PAA for sludge disintegration: Performance and mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 256:119268. [PMID: 38815721 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
In this study, electrochemistry was used to enhance the advanced oxidation of Fe(Ⅱ)/PAA (EC/Fe(Ⅱ)/PAA) to disintegrate waste activated sludge, and its performance and mechanism was compared with those of EC, PAA, EC/PAA and Fe(Ⅱ)/PAA. Results showed that the EC/Fe(Ⅱ)/PAA process effectively improved sludge disintegration and the concentrations of soluble chemical oxygen demand, polysaccharides and nucleic acids increased by 62.85%, 41.15% and 12.21%, respectively, compared to the Fe(Ⅱ)/PAA process. Mechanism analysis showed that the main active species produced in the EC/Fe(Ⅱ)/PAA process were •OH, R-O• and FeIVO2+. During the reaction process, sludge flocs were disrupted and particle size was reduced by the combined effects of active species oxidation, electrochemical oxidation and PAA oxidation. Furthermore, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) was degraded, the conversion of TB-EPS to LB-EPS and S-EPS was promoted and the total protein and polysaccharide contents of EPS were increased. After sludge cells were disrupted, intracellular substances were released, causing an increase in nucleic acids, humic acids and fulvic acids in the supernatant, and resulting in sludge reduction. EC effectively accelerated the conversion of Fe(Ⅲ) to Fe(Ⅱ), which was conducive to the activation of PAA, while also enhancing the disintegration of EPS and sludge cells. This study provided an effective approach for the release of organic matter, offering significant benefits in sludge resource utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China.
| | - Ning Lv
- School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Fen Li
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yibing Li
- School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
| | - Zhenjie Guo
- School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, China
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Wang X, Lu Y, Yan Y, Wang R, Wang Y, Li H, Zhou L, Zheng G, Zhang Y. Pivotal role of intracellular oxidation by HOCl in simultaneously removing antibiotic resistance genes and enhancing dewaterability during conditioning of sewage sludge using Fe 2+/Ca(ClO) 2. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 254:121414. [PMID: 38461604 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Pre-acidification has been shown to be crucial in attenuating antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) during the conditioning of sewage sludge. However, it is of great significance to develop alternative conditioning approaches that can effectively eliminate sludge-borne ARGs without relying on pre-acidification. This is due to the high investment costs and operational complexities associated with sludge pre-acidification. In this study, the effects of Fe2+/Ca(ClO)2 conditioning treatment on the enhancement of sludge dewaterability and the removal of ARGs were compared with other conditioning technologies. The dose effect and the associated mechanisms were also investigated. The findings revealed that Fe2+/Ca(ClO)2 conditioning treatment had the highest potential, even surpassing Fenton treatment with pre-acidification, in terms of eliminating the total ARGs. Moreover, the effectiveness of the treatment was found to be dose-dependent. This study also identified that the •OH radical reacted with extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) and extracellular ARGs, and the HOCl, the production of which was positively correlated with the dose of Fe2+/Ca(ClO)2, could infiltrate the EPS layer and diffuse into the cell of sludge flocs, inducing the oxidation of intracellular ARGs. Furthermore, this study observed a significant decrease in the predicted hosts of ARGs and MGEs in sludge conditioned with Fe2+/Ca(ClO)2, accompanied by a significant downregulation of metabolic pathways associated with ARG propagation, thereby contributing to the attenuation of sludge-borne ARGs. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that Fe2+/Ca(ClO)2 conditioning treatment holds great potential for the removal of sludge-borne ARGs while also enhancing sludge dewaterability, which mainly relies on the intracellular oxidation by HOCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yu Lu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yiwen Yan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ru Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuhang Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Lixiang Zhou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guanyu Zheng
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Yifeng Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
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Li Y, Quan L, Li J, Zhang Z, Lv J, Fu C, Chen Z. The role of microstructure of extracellular proteins in dewaterability of alkaline pretreatment sludge during bioleaching. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 244:117969. [PMID: 38109956 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Alkaline pre-treatment is known to enhance the acid production efficiency of sludge but adversely affects its dewatering performance. In this study, the improvement of sludge dewaterability by a novel bioleaching system with inoculating domesticated acidified sludge (AS) and its underlying mechanism were investigated. The results showed that although the addition of Fe2+ and the reduction of pH improved the dewatering performance of sludge, their effects were inferior to that of AS + Fe. The addition of AS and Fe2+ significantly reduced the specific resistance to filtration and capillary suction time of the sludge by 98.6 % and 95.5 %, respectively. This improvement in dewatering performance was achieved through the combined actions of bio-acidification, bio-oxidation, and bio-flocculation. Remarkably, under alkaline pH, microorganisms in AS remained active, leading to the formation of iron-based bioflocculants, along with a rapid pH decrease. These bioflocculants, in combination with protein (PN) in tightly bound extracellular polymeric substances (TB-EPS) through amide bonding, transformed TB-EPS from extractable to non-extractable form, reducing PN content from 12.1 mg g-1DS to 5.09 mg g-1DS and altering the protein's secondary structure. Consequently, the gel-like TB-EPS matrix effectively broke down, releasing cellular water and significantly enhancing sludge dewaterability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunbei Li
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
| | - Lijun Quan
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Jingyu Li
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Zhiwen Zhang
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Jinghua Lv
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Chunyan Fu
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
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Yuan H, Zhu N. Progress of improving waste activated sludge dewaterability: Influence factors, conditioning technologies and implications and perspectives. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168605. [PMID: 37989393 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Large amounts of waste activated sludge (WAS) as a by-product generated from the biological treatment in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is of high moisture content (MC), organic pollutants, heavy metals and pathogenic bacteria, it may cause serious environmental ecological risk without appropriate disposal. More than one half of the total operation cost is accounted for sludge disposal in a WWTP. Dewatering is an essential and important step during the sludge treatment and disposal process for it could efficiently reduce its volume, and be beneficial to the subsequent treatment and disposal of sludge. However, sludge should be conditioned before mechanical dewatering because of its high hydrophilicity. In this work, it presented a comprehensive review on sludge dewatering including summarizing the dewaterability measurement indexes, affecting factors, conditioning technologies, the improvement mechanisms. Finally, based on the eventual disposal and low carbon emission target, the implications and perspectives development of sludge conditioning were discussed. Based on the above discussion, there is no unified theoretical insight of the improvement mechanism of sludge dewaterability. In addition, the relationship between the microstructure of organic matters in sludge floc and the dewaterability should be deepened. Especially, how to choose the optimal conditioning technology for sludge dewatering lies in the physical and chemical properties of sludge, however, the carbon emission of the conditioning and dewatering process also needs to be considered. Accordingly, green, low-cost and organic conditioning agents are the direction of future research, and the establishment of automatic operating system and real-time evaluation index system is the key challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Yuan
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recovery, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Nanwen Zhu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recovery, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Chopade G, Devatha CP. Experimental investigation on sludge conditioning and dewatering using an agricultural biomass coupled with resource recovery. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 352:120098. [PMID: 38266529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of modified areca husk fibre biochar (MAFB-AlCl3) on dairy sludge conditioning and dewatering along with raw and modified coconut shell biochar (MCSB-FeCl3) was investigated. Further, MgO impregnated biochars of areca husk fibre and coconut shells was carried out to evaluate the performance on phosphate recovery from the diary sludge. The enhancement in sludge dewatering with MAFB-AlCl3 were evaluated experimentally and significant reduction of capillary suction time (CST) (51.6 %), moisture content (18%), zeta potential (1.3 mV) and increased settleability (32.7%) were observed. The sludge conditioning parameters namely dosage (% of dry solids (DS)), rapid mixing time (RMT), slow mixing time (SMT) were optimized by response surface methodology for the modified biochars. Optimum CST (31.51 s) was obtained at dosage (50 % of DS), RMT (9.89 min) and SMT (17.23 min). Results of batch study for phosphate recovery by MgO impregnated biochars (MgB) was found to be 96.6 % and 100 % by MgB of areca husk fibre (MgAFB) and coconut shells (MgCSB) respectively. The morphological characteristics and elemental distribution using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) & energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) reveals the structural change in the sludge particles for the modified biochars as well as for sludge. Hence MAFB-AlCl3, MgAFB and MgCSB is proved to be suitable and an effective candidate for sludge conditioning and dewatering coupled with phosphate recovery in handling the diary sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurao Chopade
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, 575025, Karnataka, India.
| | - C P Devatha
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore, 575025, Karnataka, India.
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Hou J, Hong C, Ling W, Hu J, Feng W, Xing Y, Wang Y, Zhao C, Feng L. Research progress in improving sludge dewaterability: sludge characteristics, chemical conditioning and influencing factors. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 351:119863. [PMID: 38141343 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Sludge from wastewater treatment processes with high water content and large volume has become an inevitable issue in environmental management. Due to the challenging dewatering properties of sludge, current mechanical dewatering methods are no longer sufficient to meet the escalating water content standards of sludge. This paper summarizes the characteristics of various sludge and raises reasons for the their dewaterability differences. Affected by extracellular polymeric substances, biological sludge is hydrophilic and negatively charged, which limits the dewatering degree. The rheological properties, flocs, ionic composition, and solid phase concentration of the sludge also influence the dewatering to some extent. For these factors, the chemical conditioning measures with simple operation and excellent effect improve its dewaterability, which mainly include flocculation/coagulation, acid/alkali treatment, advanced oxidation, surfactant treatment and combined treatment. There is a growing necessity to explore the development of new chemical conditioning agents, even though traditional agents continue to remain widely used. However, the development of these new agents should prioritize finding a balance between various factors such as efficiency, effectiveness, ease of operation, environmental safety, and cost-effectiveness. Electrochemical dewatering enhances solid-liquid separation, and its coupling with chemical conditioning is also an excellent means to further reduce water content. In addition, the improvement of press filter is an effective way, which is influenced by pressure, processing time, sludge cake thickness and pore structure, filter media etc. In general, it is essential to develop new conditioning agents and enhance mechanical filtration press technology based on a thorough understanding of various sludge properties. Concurrently, an in-depth study of the principles of mechanical pressure filtration will contribute to establishing a theoretical foundation for effective deep sludge dewatering and propel further advancements in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Hou
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chen Hong
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Wei Ling
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jiashuo Hu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Weibo Feng
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yi Xing
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yijie Wang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chengwang Zhao
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lihui Feng
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
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10
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Kim JG, Kim HB, Jeong WG, Lee KH, Baek K. Electrochemical oxidation and mechanism of sulfanilamide from groundwater in a flow-through system using carbon fiber (CF) anode. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140817. [PMID: 38040260 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Metal-based anodes have been used for a long time in the electrochemical oxidation processes to remediate groundwater. However, the high cost of this technique as well as the release of potentially toxic metals (ex, lead), are major barriers being fully implemented. As an alternative of metal-based anodes, in recent years, carbon-based anodes have been paid attention due to their eco-friendliness and cost-effectiveness. This study evaluated the oxidation performance of carbon fiber (CF) anode in a flow-through system. The CF anode degraded 45-87% of the target pollutant (sulfanilamide), depending on the current intensity applied. However, no further degradation of sulfanilamide was observed after the cathode, indicating that sulfanilamide degradation occurred mainly at the anode. This study also determined the effect of electrolytes on electrochemical oxidation using chloride (Cl-), sulfate (SO42-), bicarbonate (CO3-), and synthetic groundwater. Cl- and SO42- electrolytes were converted electrochemically into active species, thereby enhancing sulfanilamide degradation, while the bicarbonate and groundwater electrolytes inhibited oxidation performance by scavenging hydroxyl radicals. A series of scavenger tests and characterization showed that the direct oxidation and hydroxyl radicals involved the sulfanilamide degradation. Especially, the production of hydroxyl radicals is more favorable in high currents than in low currents. That is, CF anode contributed to the degradation by direct oxidation of carbon-based electrodes and generation of hydroxyl radicals. In summary, this study highlights how a CF anode is capable of effectively degrading organic pollutants via anodic oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Gook Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, 02115, MA, USA; Department of Environment and Energy (BK21 FOUR) and Soil Environment Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Bin Kim
- Water Cycle Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Gune Jeong
- Department of Environment and Energy (BK21 FOUR) and Soil Environment Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Heon Lee
- Humas Co. Ltd., 26-77 Gajeongbuk-ro, Jang-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kitae Baek
- Department of Environment and Energy (BK21 FOUR) and Soil Environment Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin, Jeonju, Jeollabukdo, 54896, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Fan X, Wang Y, Zhang D, Zhang S, Liu C, Liu M. A comprehensive assessment on sludge conditioning by pyrite acid eluent-activated peroxymonosulfate based on dewaterability, heavy metals risk and ore recovery. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 170:82-92. [PMID: 37556939 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater activated sludge (WAS) has poor dewaterability and contains heavy metals (HMs), limiting its land application. Therefore, in this study, a novel pyrite acid eluent-activated peroxymonosulfate (Fe2+pyrite/PMS) conditioning approach that can completely recover the residual pyrite and greatly reduce acid use was developed to improve WAS dewaterability, and the HMs chemical speciation and risks of conditioned WAS were assessed. Our results showed that under the optimized operational parameters, the capillary suction time (CST) and water content (Wc) of WAS decreased by 46.03% and 7.75%, respectively. Furthermore, during Fe2+pyrite/PMS conditioning processing, sulfate radical (SO4-) destroyed the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) matrix, causing bound water release and the decrease of proteins/polysaccharides in outer layered EPS, even the decomposition of some protein-N in tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS) into inorganic-N. In addition, although the total concentration of HMs in the conditioned WAS matrix increased, the Ni concentration decreased in the solid fraction. Further, the risk assessment code (RAC) levels did not increase, and the eco-toxicity of Cr became weakened after Fe2+pyrite/PMS conditioning. However, after acid extraction, the pyrite residue had worsened recycle performance because the passivation layer contained S0/Sn2- on its surface, and no additional elements were detected in the pyrite residue, which had almost no effect on its further usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Fan
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yili Wang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Daxin Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Shuting Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Chenyang Liu
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Meilin Liu
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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12
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Zhu Y, Xiao K, Ou B, Liu Y, Yu W, Jian S, Hu X, Liu H, Lei P, Yang J. Behavior of organic components and the migration of heavy metals during sludge dewatering by different advanced oxidation processes via optical spectroscopy and molecular fingerprint analysis. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 243:120336. [PMID: 37454458 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
A comparative study of the different advanced oxidation processes (Fe(II)-Oxone, Fe(II)-H2O2, and Fe(II)-NaClO) was carried out herein to analyze the characteristics of organic components and the migration of heavy metals in waste activated sludge. With the Fe(II)-Oxone and Fe(II)-H2O2 treatments, sludge dewaterability was significantly improved, however, sludge dewaterability was deteriorated by the Fe(II)-NaClO treatment. The enhanced sludge dewaterability by the Fe(II)-Oxone and Fe(II)-H2O2 treatments was strongly correlated with the shifted organic components, particularly proteins, in soluble extracellular polymeric substances (S-EPS), while the deteriorated sludge dewaterability by the Fe(II)-NaClO treatment was strongly correlated with the over release of organic components from bound EPS (B-EPS) to S-EPS. For both the Fe(II)-Oxone and Fe(II)-H2O2 treatments, the radicals preferentially attacked humic acid-like organic components over the protein-like organic components in S-EPS, while for the Fe(II)-NaClO treatment, interestingly, the radicals preferentially attacked the protein-like organic components in both S-EPS and B-EPS. The hydrophilic functional groups like phenolic OH and CO of polysaccharides may be more preferentially migrated to S-EPS of sludge by the Fe(II)-NaClO treatment compared to the other two treatments. With the Fe(II)-Oxone and Fe(II)-H2O2 treatments, the proportion of aliphatic compounds as well as the much oxygenated organic components with a low desaturation and a low molecular weight increased. While with the Fe(II)-NaClO treatment, the proportion of low oxygenated organic components with a high desaturation and a high molecular weight increased. The concentration of total organic carbon, particularly the concentration of proteins, may be the key factor determining the shift of Zn and Cu from sludge solid to liquid phase, along with the high oxidation extent of organic components and close binding to CHOS and CHON compounds as indicated by density functional theory (DFT) calculation. This study systematically revealed the simultaneous sludge dewatering and migration of heavy metals when the role of organic components was factored into herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Zhu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Treatment Disposal and Recycling, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Keke Xiao
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Treatment Disposal and Recycling, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.
| | - Bei Ou
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Treatment Disposal and Recycling, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Treatment Disposal and Recycling, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Wenbo Yu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Treatment Disposal and Recycling, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Sifeng Jian
- Central & Southern China Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Wuhan, Hubei 430010, China
| | - Xinli Hu
- Central & Southern China Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Wuhan, Hubei 430010, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Central & Southern China Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Wuhan, Hubei 430010, China
| | - Peishu Lei
- Central & Southern China Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Wuhan, Hubei 430010, China
| | - Jiakuan Yang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Treatment Disposal and Recycling, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
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13
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Xu ZY, Meng L, Luo HQ, Xiao Q, Li NB. Screening of aggregation-induced emission and multi-response acrylonitrile-bridging fluorescent molecules tailored for rapid turn-on detection of HClO as well as ratiometric visualizing of extreme basicity. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1254:341122. [PMID: 37005029 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Realizing the rapid and sensitive tracing of multiple analysis indicators using single molecular probe through structural designing is urgently desired for exploring novel multi-response chemosensors. Herein, a series of acrylonitrile-bridging organic small molecules have been rationally designed. Among these donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) compounds with efficient aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics, a unique derivative, 2-(1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-yl)-3-(4-(methylthio)phenyl) acrylonitrile, named MZS, has been screened out for multifunctional utilizing. First, probe MZS can respond to hypochlorous acid (HClO) through specific oxidation reaction, showing a marked fluorescence turn-on signal (I495). This special sensing reaction is ultra-fast with a rather low detection limit (LOD = 13.6 nM). Next, versatile MZS is also sensitive to the extreme pH fluctuation, displaying an intriguing ratiometric signal variation (I540/I450), facilitating the real-time and naked-eye visualizing, which is even stable and reversible. Furthermore, probe MZS has been used for the monitoring of HClO in real water and commercially available disinfectant spray samples with satisfactory results. We envision that probe MZS would be a flexible and powerful tool for monitoring of environmental toxicity and industrial operations under realistic scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Yi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Li Meng
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Hong Qun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Qi Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, PR China.
| | - Nian Bing Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China.
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14
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Hu Z, Hu S, Ye L, Duan H, Wu Z, Hong PY, Yuan Z, Zheng M. Novel Use of a Ferric Salt to Enhance Mainstream Nitrogen Removal from Anaerobically Pretreated Wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:6712-6722. [PMID: 37038903 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c08325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to demonstrate a new technology roadmap to support the ongoing paradigm shift in wastewater management from pollutant removal to resource recovery. This is achieved by developing a novel use of an iron salt (i.e., FeCl3) in an integrated anaerobic wastewater treatment and mainstream anammox process. FeCl3 was chosen to be dosed in a proposed sidestream unit rather than in a primary settler or a mainstream reactor. This causes acidification of returned activated sludge and enables stable suppression of nitrite-oxidizing bacterial activity and excess sludge reduction. A laboratory-scale system, which comprised an anaerobic baffled reactor, a continuous-flow anoxic-aerobic (A/O) reactor, and a secondary settler, was designed to treat real domestic wastewater, with the performance of the system comprehensively monitored under a steady-state condition. The experimental assessments showed that the system had good effluent quality, with total nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations of 12.6 ± 1.3 mg N/L and 0.34 ± 0.05 mg P/L, respectively. It efficiently retained phosphorus in excess sludge (0.18 ± 0.03 g P/g dry sludge), suggesting its potential for further recovery. About half of influent organic carbon was recovered in the form of bioenergy (i.e., methane). This together with low energy consumption revealed that the system could produce a net energy of about 0.11 kWh/m3-wastewater, assessed by an energy balance analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhetai Hu
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Shihu Hu
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Liu Ye
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Haoran Duan
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ziping Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Pei-Ying Hong
- Environmental Science and Engineering, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Min Zheng
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
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15
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Yang L, Guo X, Liang S, Yang F, Wen M, Yuan S, Xiao K, Yu W, Hu J, Hou H, Yang J. A sustainable strategy for recovery of phosphorus as vivianite from sewage sludge via alkali-activated pyrolysis, water leaching and crystallization. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 233:119769. [PMID: 36841170 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A sustainable strategy for P recovery from sewage sludge via alkali-activated pyrolysis, water leaching and crystallization was proposed, and a high value-added product of vivianite was recovered. Effects of the type and dose of alkali activator on P transformation during sludge pyrolysis were investigated. 50 wt% dose of KHCO3 was determined as the alkali-activated pyrolysis condition. The content of water-soluble P (referred to as Water-P) in biochar derived from raw sludge (referred to as RS) and ferric sludge (Fenton's reagent conditioned sludge, referred to as FS) by KHCO3-activated pyrolysis at different temperatures was compared. The Fe element in the Fenton's reagent enhanced the content of Fe-bound P in the dewatered sludge, which was readily transformed into potassium phosphate during KHCO3-activated pyrolysis, thus increasing the Water-P content in the biochar derived from FS. The proportions of Water-P to total P in the biochar samples obtained by KHCO3-activated pyrolysis of RS and FS at 600 °C were 72.5% and 96.2%, respectively, which were notably higher than those in the biochar samples obtained by direct pyrolysis of RS and FS (3.5% and 0.5%), respectively. The water leaching solution of biochar obtained by KHCO3-activated pyrolysis of FS at 600 °C was purified to remove impurity elements, and vivianite with high purity was finally recovered by crystallization. A total P recovery efficiency of 88.08% was achieved throughout the process from sewage sludge to the final vivianite product. This study proposes a promising and sustainable approach for realizing the recovery of high value-added product vivianite from sewage sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Xiao Guo
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Sha Liang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Treatment Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Mingxuan Wen
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Shushan Yuan
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Treatment Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Keke Xiao
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Treatment Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Wenbo Yu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Treatment Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Jingping Hu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Treatment Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Huijie Hou
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Treatment Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Jiakuan Yang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Treatment Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Research Center of Water Quality Safety and Water Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
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16
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Hua B, Zhao S, Li F. Combined conditioning of inorganic coagulant and polyamine to improve the dewaterability of municipal sludge, minimize dosage and reduce the influence of filtrate. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 87:1600-1615. [PMID: 37051785 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Efficient dewatering of sludge is necessary for its cost-effective transportation and final disposal. However, the common method of using polyferric sulfate (PFS) and polyacrylamide (PAM) requires a large amount of dosage and produces high iron ion content in the filtrate. This study examined a solution of applying polyamine (PA) coupled with inorganic coagulant PFS. The results demonstrated that using PFS + PA together could achieve the same or similar filtering rates as using PFS + PAM. The capillary suction time (CST) of PFS + PA (89.0 s) was equivalent to that of PFS (75.1 s) and better than that of PA (117.1 s) and raw sludge (RS, 403.8 s). Compared with PFS + PAM, the combination of PFS and PA efficiently removed Fe ions and chemical oxygen demand (COD) in sludge water content, with Fe ions in the sludge filtrate reduced by 97.8% and COD reduced by 78.9%, respectively. By analyzing the basic physicochemical properties of the sludge system, including the synergistic effect of coagulation and flocculation, sludge hydrolysis and flocculation, it indicated that PA + PFS could reduce bound water. These results demonstrated that combining PFS and PA to improve sludge dewatering performance is more beneficial than utilizing a coagulant or flocculant alone, even PFS + PAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baolv Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China E-mail: ; ; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Runyang Yueda Century Photovoltaic Technology Co., Ltd, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224007, People's Republic of China
| | - Shichao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China E-mail: ; ; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China E-mail: ; ; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China; Present address: College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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17
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Shi Y, Chai J, Xu T, Ding L, Huang M, Gan F, Pi K, Gerson AR, Yang J. Microplastics contamination associated with low-value domestic source organic solid waste: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159679. [PMID: 36283521 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Waste activated sludge and food waste are two typical important domestic low-value organic solid wastes (LOSW). LOSW contains significant organic matter and water content resulting in the transboundary transfer of liquid-solid-gas and other multi-mediums, such that the complexity of microplastics (MPs) migration should be of greater concern. This article provides a review of the literature focusing on the separation and extraction methods of MPs from LOSW. The occurrence and source of MPs are discussed, and the output and impact of MPs on LOSW heat and biological treatments are summarized. The fate and co-effects of MPs and other pollutants in landfills and soils are reviewed. This review highlights the migration and transformation of MPs in domestic source LOSW, and future perspectives focused on the development of a unified extraction and analysis protocol. The objective of this review is to promote the technological development of decontamination of MPs in LOSW by sufficient understanding of the fate of MPs, their interaction with coexisting pollutants and the development of targeted preventive research strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Shi
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China.
| | - Jiaqi Chai
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Tao Xu
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Lihu Ding
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Meijie Huang
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Fangmao Gan
- Yangtze Ecology and Environment Co., Ltd., Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
| | - Kewu Pi
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Andrea R Gerson
- Blue Minerals Consultancy, Wattle Grove, Tasmania 7109, Australia
| | - Jiakuan Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
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18
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Zhang X, Zhang H, Wang Z, Liu T, Guo D, Hu Z. Enhanced paper sludge dewatering and in-depth mechanism by oxalic acid/Fe 2+/persulfate process. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:136966. [PMID: 36280120 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As a typical advanced oxidation process, Fe2+-persulfate (PDS) oxidation technology has been widely and efficiently reported for enhancing sludge dewaterability. However, higher dosage of Fe2+ must be added, which will restrain the oxidation efficiency of Fe2+-PDS process. In this work, the oxalic acid (OA)/Fe2+-PDS process was studied to improve paper sludge dewatering. With the OA dosage of 6 μmol (g total solid (TS))-1, Fe2+ dosage of 0.3 mmol (g TS)-1, and PDS dosage of 0.6 mmol (g TS)-1, sludge dewaterability was improved more efficiently. The specific resistance to filtration and water content of sludge cake were decreased by 70.7% and 8.0%, respectively. In comparison with Fe2+-PDS process, the viscosities of sludge suspension and supernatant were further reduced by 3.73% and 51.77%, respectively, and the contents of extracellular polymeric substances fractions were increased. The improved sludge dewaterability in OA/Fe2+-PDS process was mainly contributed by the synergistic effect of oxidative disintegration by free radicals and flocs re-flocculation, the contributions of which were the orders: metal cations > sulfate radical > hydroxyl radical. OA enhanced the efficient disintegration of sludge flocs, released more bound water, generated more Fe3+-oxalate complexes, and finally increased the sludge particle size significantly, forming a larger aggregation and obvious cracks. Additionally, the stabilization of several heavy metals was improved due to the chelating capacity of OA. These works will provide a novel approach for sludge dewatering in the PDS oxidation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- School of Environmental and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310023, China; State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China; Zhejiang Shanying Paper CO., LTD, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000, China; Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163318, China.
| | - Hongtao Zhang
- School of Environmental and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310023, China
| | - Zhenchang Wang
- School of Environmental and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310023, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Zhejiang Shanying Paper CO., LTD, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000, China
| | - Daliang Guo
- School of Environmental and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310023, China
| | - Zhijun Hu
- School of Environmental and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310023, China
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19
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Li G, Zhong H, Yang Y, Zhu L, Liu X, Wang H. Effect of modified kaolin conditioning sludge on organic matter properties. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Wang J, Wang T, Li Z, Fu B, Zhai Y, Wang W, Zhai M, Chovelon JM, Gong Y, Wang H. Enhancement of sludge dewaterability by electrolysis coupled with peroxymonosulfate oxidation process: Performance, mechanisms and implications. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135865. [PMID: 35944688 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid increase in waste activated sludge (WAS), it is urgent to develop appropriate dewatering processes to diminish sludge volume and improve disposal efficiency. In this study, an advanced oxidation process using electrolysis coupled with peroxymonosulfate (E/PMS) was applied to improve the dewaterability of WAS. The results indicated that the sludge water content (WC) and capillary suction time (CST) dropped from 98.4 ± 0.2% and 220.1 ± 2.3 s to 70.7 ± 0.8% and 63.0 ± 1.2 s, respectively, under the following conditions: an electrolysis voltage of 20 V, an electrolysis time of 20 min, and 200 mg/g TS PMS. The increase in sludge zeta potential, surface hydrophobicity, and flowability indicated a significant improvement in sludge dewaterability. SO4•-, O•H, and O21 generated in the E/PMS process were responsible for the improvement of WAS dewaterability. These reactive oxygen species damaged extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), decreased fluorescent EPS components, and transformed the extracellular protein secondary structures by influencing the H-bond actions that maintain the α-helix. The bound water content, and apparent viscosity of WAS were found to be reduced, which was also attributed to an increase in dewatering capacity. Additionally, E/PMS treatment enhanced the degradation of organic matter in sludge and reduced the toxicity of the filtrate as well as the bioavailability of heavy metals. The cost analysis found that the E/PMS process was relatively economical and has great potential for practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsen Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Siping Rd 1239, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Tianrun Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Siping Rd 1239, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zonglin Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Siping Rd 1239, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Bomin Fu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Siping Rd 1239, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, UNEP-TONGJI Institute of Environment for Sustainable Development, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yuhui Zhai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Siping Rd 1239, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Weijie Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Siping Rd 1239, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Mudi Zhai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Siping Rd 1239, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jean-Marc Chovelon
- IRCELYON, CNRS UMR 5256, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 2 Avenue Albert-Einstein, Villeurbanne, F-69626, France
| | - Yuxiu Gong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Siping Rd 1239, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Siping Rd 1239, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, UNEP-TONGJI Institute of Environment for Sustainable Development, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Zhang X, Ye P, Wu Y. Enhanced technology for sewage sludge advanced dewatering from an engineering practice perspective: A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 321:115938. [PMID: 35985273 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The increasing production of sludge poses significant environmental risks. Sludge disposal and transport are costly because of the high water content (WC). Reducing the WC of sludge is the most efficient strategy to decrease treatment costs. However, the sludge contains a large amount of hydrophilic organic matter, causing poor dewaterability. Therefore, research on preconditioning and mechanical dewatering has great significance for advanced sludge dewatering. In this study, the features of sludge, the advantages and disadvantages of preconditioning methods, and the action mechanisms (including physical, chemical, and biological preconditioning) are thoroughly described. In addition, the dewatering principle and engineering applications of mechanical dewatering techniques are introduced in this manuscript, especially the application of vacuum preloading as an in-situ dewatering technology in sludge. Finally, cost analysis of different conditioning and mechanical dewatering methods is conducted to explore their application feasibility. This manuscript provides new insights for engineering applications of preconditioning methods and mechanical dewatering technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Zhang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Peng Ye
- Department of Civil Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Yajun Wu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China.
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22
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Wang D, Pan C, Chen L, He D, Yuan L, Li Y, Wu Y. Positive feedback on dewaterability of waste-activated sludge by the conditioning process of Fe(II) catalyzing urea hydrogen peroxide. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 225:119195. [PMID: 36215838 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The treatment and disposal of sludge is a complex environmental problem because of the high moisture content. Herein, We reported the process of Fe(II) activating Urea hydrogen peroxide (UHP) to improve waste activated sludge (WAS) dewaterability for the first time. Fe(II)/UHP was proven to significantly improve WAS dewaterability. Specifically, under the optimal conditions with 60/35-Fe(II)/UHP mg/g TSS, the CST, SRF, and WCSC of WAS reduced from 215.3 ± 7.5s, 9.2 ± 0.32 (× 1012 m/kg), and 92.2 ± 0.7% (control) to 62.3 ± 4.3s, 2.8 ± 0.09 (× 1012m/kg), and 70.4 ± 0.4%, respectively. Further analysis revealed that •OH was generated in the Fe(II)/UHP system and played the dominant role in enhancing WAS dewaterability. •OH was found to attack extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) and cells, causing EPSs fragmentation and decomposition part of EPSs into micro-molecule organics or even inorganics, and leading to cell destruction, thus liberating the EPSs-bound and cells-bound water. •OH also degraded the protein in centrifugal liquor (CL) into micro-molecule organics such as amino acids, which could reduce the viscosity and electronegativity of CL. The above facts ultimately reduced solid-liquid interface interaction but increased hydrophobicity, flocculation, and flowability of WAS. Meanwhile, the broken WAS flocs were then re-flocculated via adsorption bridging and charge neutralization induced by Fe(II) and Fe(III). Moreover, Fe(II)/UHP treatment achieved the reduction and stabilization of heavy metals of dewatered sludge, which further enabled its land application. Finally, the Fe(II)/UHP process was found to be more attractive than the Fe(II)/persulfate, classical Fenton processes, and cPAM in terms of cost savings and practical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Chuli Pan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Lisha Chen
- School of Resources &Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, PR China.
| | - Dandan He
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Longhu Yuan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yifu Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yanxin Wu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
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23
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Gao W, Song L, Wang Z, Xuan L. Pyrite activated peroxymonosulfate combined with as a physical-chemical conditioner modified biochar to improve sludge dewaterability: analysis of sludge floc structure and dewatering mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:74725-74741. [PMID: 35639326 PMCID: PMC9153877 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21074-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we proposed an advanced oxidation process of pyrite (FeS2) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and prepared a modified polyaluminum chloride biochar (P-BC). The motivation is to use the combination of FeS2 + PMS + P-BC to improve waste activated sludge (WAS) dewaterability. The method to improve the sludge dewatering effect with the combination of FeS2 + PMS + P-BC is as follows: in the first step, pour 0.75 g/g TSS FeS2 and 0.6 g/g TSS PMS into the sludge, and stir for 15 min. Then, add P-BC and stir for 5 min; complete the entire WAS processing process. The vacuum filtration test was used to evaluate the dehydration effect. The water content (Wc) and specific resistance to filtration (SRF) of the raw sludge can be reduced from the original values of 92% and 2.36 × 1013 m/kg to 67% and 9.89 × 1011 m/kg, respectively. The results showed that the combination of FeS2 + PMS + P-BC can effectively improve the sludge dewatering effect through oxidation. A laser particle size analyzer is used to observe changes in sludge particle size. The median diameter of sludge particles increased from 55.37 to 64.56 μm. A zeta analyzer to is used observe changes in sludge zeta potential. The zeta potential of sludge particles increased from - 15.8 to 0.4 mV. In the analysis of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of sludge, it was found that protein (PN) and polysaccharide (PS) in EPS decreased significantly. To further analyze the phenomenon of PN and PS drop, excitation-emission-matrix spectra (3D-EEM) was used. To observe the changes of sludge functional group, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used. It was found that FeS2 + PMS + P-BC can destroy the functional groups of sludge, such as O-H, C-C, and O═C-NH- related to proteins and polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjian Gao
- School of Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, 010051 China
| | - Lei Song
- School of Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, 010051 China
| | - Zehao Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, 010051 China
| | - Lili Xuan
- School of Civil Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, 010051 China
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24
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Wang L, Shi Y, Chai J, Huang L, Wang Y, Wang S, Pi K, Gerson AR, Liu D. Transfer of microplastics in sludge upon Fe(II)-persulfate conditioning and mechanical dewatering. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:156316. [PMID: 35660426 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sewage treatment plants act as both sinks and sources of microplastics with elevated concentrations of microplastics accumulating in the sludge. Consequently, the effects of sludge conditioning and dewatering processes on the fate of microplastics need to be clarified. Microplastic characteristics in sludge, before and after advanced oxidation Fe(II)-activated persulfate conditioning were studied using a microplastics dynamic flotation separator (MDFS). In the unconditioned sludge (no dewatering), white and transparent microplastics dominated and seven types of plastic polymer were detected with polyethylene (30.3%) and polypropylene (23.9%) being the main ones. Pellet microplastics were found to be the dominant morphology, accounting for 67.0% of the total number of microplastics. The abundance of microplastics extracted using the MDFS device from the unconditioned (no dewatering) sludge was 320 ± 3 particles g-1 dried sludge, which was greater by 37% than extracted using microplastics static flotation separation. Due to the release of the adsorbed microplastics from the destroyed sludge flocs after conditioning, the abundance of extractable microplastics increased by 19 ± 2% as compared to the unconditioned sludge (both with no dewatering). After filter presses (plate-frame filter, vacuum filter) and centrifuge dewatering, 81-90% of the microplastics were present in the filter cake, of which microplastics <500 μm accounted for more than 80% of the total number. The abundance of microplastics per unit volume of filtrate after filter press dewatering was significantly smaller than after centrifuge dewatering (3.2-4.4 × 103 cf 13.0 × 103 particles L-1, respectively). The difference increments in relative abundance of <10 μm microplastics in the centrifuge filtrate was about twice that of the filter presses. The surface morphology of the microplastics did not change in the conditioning process. This study highlights the need to assess the application of advanced oxidation conditioning which has significant influence on the microplastics distribution via the subsequent sludge dewatering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Yafei Shi
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration for River-Lakes and Algal Utilization, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China.
| | - Jiaqi Chai
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Lin Huang
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Shulian Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Kewu Pi
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration for River-Lakes and Algal Utilization, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
| | - Andrea R Gerson
- Blue Minerals Consultancy, Wattle Grove, Tasmania 7109, Australia
| | - Defu Liu
- School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration for River-Lakes and Algal Utilization, Wuhan, Hubei 430068, China
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25
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Yu Z, Sun M, Xiao K, Ou B, Liang S, Hou H, Yang J. Changes of phosphorus species during (hydro) thermal treatments of iron-rich sludge and their solubilization mediated by a phosphate solubilizing microorganism. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:156612. [PMID: 35690206 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study systematically evaluated phosphorus (P) solubilization from pyrochar and hydrochar derived from both raw sludge and iron-rich sludge. The data indicated, that an increase in thermal treatment temperature and the presence of iron promoted the accumulation of P in both pyrochar (derived at 300, 500, and 800 °C) and hydrochar (derived at 100, 200, and 280 °C). After incubating pyrochar and hydrochar with a phosphate solubilizing microorganism (PSM) (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) for 30 days, PSM significantly promoted the solubilization of P in pyrochar and hydrochar synthesized at low temperatures rather than those at high temperatures, with a 59 % increase for the pyrolysis of raw sludge at 300 °C than that pyrolyzed at 800 °C and a 62 % increase for the hydrothermal treatment of raw sludge at 100 °C than that treated at 280 °C. And the phenomena were more obvious on the char samples derived from iron-rich sludge. The mass balance of different P species in the solid and liquid phases indicated that after incubating with PSM for 30 days, NaOH-P was the main P solubilized from the solid phase of pyrochar and HCl-P was the main P solubilized from the solid phase of hydrochar. Considering P availability to plants, the preliminary economic analysis indicated that the hydrothermal treatment of iron-rich sludge at 100 °C showed the highest economic benefits for P recovery, with the net cost of 28.79 USD/ton wet sludge. This study was useful in giving novel insights into the reuse of char samples as P fertilizer, and also suggested the importance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other bacteria in sludge application, particularly in terms of P solubilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zecong Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Mei Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Keke Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.
| | - Bei Ou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Sha Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Huijie Hou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Jiakuan Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
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26
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Yuan L, Liu H, Lu Y, Lu Y, Wang D. Enhancing the dewaterability of waste activated sludge by the combined ascorbic acid and zero-valent iron/persulfate system. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135104. [PMID: 35623430 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a reducing/chelating agent, ascorbic acid (H2A) was introduced to the traditional zero-valent iron (Fe0)/persulfate (PS) process for waste activated sludge dewatering. The experimental data indicated that H2A-Fe0/PS process significantly enhanced the dewatering performance of sludge and enhanced the oxidation efficiency of Fe0-PS treatment. Under optimal conditions, the capillary suction time ratio before and after treatment (CST0/CST) of H2A-Fe0/PS treated sludge increased by 118% and 31.3% compared with untreated sludge and Fe0-PS treated sludge, respectively. The mechanism investigations revealed that the H2A-Fe0/PS induced excellent enhancement for sludge dewaterability could be credited to the reduction and chelating capacity of ascorbic acid. Free radicals including SO4•-, O2•- and •OH produced in the H2A-Fe0/PS process destroyed proteinaceous components and humic substances in sludge extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), thus reducing the negative charge and water holding capacity of sludge, improving the sludge rheological properties. As a result, the dewatering performance of sludge has been significantly improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longhu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology, Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Huaixiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology, Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Yongjun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology, Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Yan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology, Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
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27
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Zhang Q, Cui G, He X, Wang Z, Tang T, Zhao Q, Liu Y. Effects of voltage and pressure on sludge electro-dewatering process and the dewatering mechanisms investigation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113490. [PMID: 35594958 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Electro-dewatering technology shows a good application prospect because of its high efficiency in removing water from sludge and low energy consumption, but the potential mechanisms of sludge electro-dewatering have not been investigated in depth, which seriously limits the further development and application of electro-dewatering technology. In this study, the effects of voltage and pressure on sludge electro-dewatering performance, physicochemical characteristics and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) compositions and distributions were investigated. The spatial distributions of EPS main components, including polysaccharide (PS) and protein (PN), were characterized by a confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The experimental results showed that under the conditions of a voltage of 40 V and a pressure of 90 kPa, the moisture content of sludge was reduced from 83.15% to 53.12%, and the bound water content of sludge in the anode layer, middle layer and cathode layer were decreased significantly from 1.16 g/g dry solid (DS) to 0.20, 0.47 and 0.35 g/g DS, respectively. The PN content of EPS in anode layer was significantly lower than that in cathode layer due to the electrochemical oxidation, while the variation of PS content showed the opposite trend, which agreed with the results visualized by CLSM. Pearson's correlation coefficient and hierarchical cluster analysis revealed that PN in TB-EPS was the major factor influencing the effect of sludge electro-dewatering. This work can be helpful to understand the potential mechanisms of electro-dewatering and provide theoretical support for the further popularization and application of electro-dewatering technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Zhang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Utilization and Management, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Guodong Cui
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Utilization and Management, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiao He
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Utilization and Management, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Utilization and Management, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Tian Tang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Utilization and Management, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Beijing, 102249, China
| | - Yangsheng Liu
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory for Solid Waste Utilization and Management, Beijing, 100871, China.
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28
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Zhang X, Zhang H, Liu T, Yang J, Wang Z, Chen P. Insights into the respective role of oxidation and flocculation conditioning for enhancing paper sludge dewaterability. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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29
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Li A, Huang C, Feng X, Li Y, Yang H, Wang S, Li J. Upgradation of sludge deep dewatering conditioners through persulfate activated by ferrous: Compatibility with sludge incineration, dewatering mechanism, ecological risks elimination and carbon emission performance. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 211:113024. [PMID: 35248567 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Serious loss of organic substances and notable release of refractory intracellular organics and cell-free antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) caused by cell lysis are found when quick lime, FeCl3, and cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) were used as sludge conditioners, which is not feasible to sludge separate incineration and increases ecological risks. Therefore, persulfate oxidation through ferrous (Fe2+-Na2S2O8) activation was applied for the upgradation of sludge conditioner in China, the specific resistance to filtration (SRF) and capillary suction time (CST) significantly decreased and the removed water increased from 40% to 54%, implying that the persulfate activated by ferrous (PAF) conditioner presents good performance in sludge dewatering. Organic matter content and heating value of sludge merely decreased, and Cl- content in sludge simultaneously decreased with the use of the PAF conditioner, thereby effectively reducing the corrosion risk to the incinerator and showing good compatibility with sludge separate incineration. In accordance with ferrous activation, sulfate radical plays an important role in sludge dewatering process because remarkable decrease in polysaccharides and protein contents from tightly bound extracellular polymeric substances (TB-EPS) was discovered. Based on flow cytometry analysis, slight cell lysis presented better filtrate quality by the use of PAF conditioner, 49.3% of refractory intracellular organics was removed and the respective ermB, tetW and blaTEM decreased by factors of 37.3%, 54.5% and 63.6% due to the strong oxidizing property of sulfate radical. The intensive decrease in refractory intracellular organics and cell-free ARGs will reduce the ecological risks. The total carbon emission significantly decreases to 1771.1 kgCO2/tDS when PAF conditioner was employed, which is beneficial to the upgradation of sludge deep dewatering conditioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Chou Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xuan Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yuzhi Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Hanwen Yang
- Wuxi Guolian Environmental Science and Technology Co.Ltd., Wuxi, 214000, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu College of Water Treatment Technology and Material Collaborative Innovation Center, Suzhou, 215009, China.
| | - Ji Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Energy and Carbon Reduction Technology, Wuxi, 214122, China; Jiangsu College of Water Treatment Technology and Material Collaborative Innovation Center, Suzhou, 215009, China
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Wu B, Wang H, Wei J, Li H, Dai X, Chai X. Mechanism insights into liquid polarity regulation for enhanced dewatering of waste-activated sludge: Specifically focusing on the solid-liquid affinity reduction depending on phase-transfer and conformational features of amphiphilic protein. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 221:118793. [PMID: 35779454 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study proposed that decreasing liquid polarity could weaken the intermolecular polar force at solid-liquid interface of waste-activated sludge (WAS). Accordingly, a process for enhanced sludge dewatering through liquid polarity regulation was established. The liquid polarity was quantified by dielectric constant and the decrease of liquid dielectric constant below 50 was found to significantly improve the solid-liquid separation performance of WAS in terms of filterability by >70%. The differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) coupled with mass spectrum (MS) identified that 60 °C was the appropriate temperature for liquid amendment (i.e., acetonitrile) recovery from filtered sludge cake, and the corresponding energy consumption was calculated to be at most 799.0 J/g, which was substantially lower than that of water evaporation by sludge drying. The NaCl addition with 75% of saturated concentration could non-thermally recover 91.7 ± 4.9% of acetonitrile amendment from filtrate by salting-out. The great potentials in energy saving and recycle of chemicals make the newly proposed approach act as alternatives for the conventional process (i.e., mechanically dewatering + drying). Regarding the mechanism of liquid polarity regulation for enhanced WAS dewatering, the solid-liquid interfacial free energy was found to be reduced by 39.4% with the liquid dielectric constant decreasing from 78.50 to 41.00. Also, Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) proteomics tracked the phase-transfer of amphiphilic proteins with decreasing liquid polarity, which found that the solubilization of proteins involved in the Gene Ontology (GO) classifications of "membrane protein complex" and "membrane protein complex/outer membrane" could facilitate the enhanced solid-liquid separation of WAS. The conformational analysis on those differential proteins was further conducted to reveal the structure attributes of amphiphilic proteins for the phase-transfer feature. The proteins with more exposed amino acid residues (i.e., average solvent accessibility index over 1.8) tended to dissolve in the liquid phase with lower polarity, which was accompanied with the reduced interfacial free energy of WAS. On the contrary, the proteins with buried amino acid residues (e.g., the central hydrophobic β-sheet is surrounded by the hydrophilic α-helix) precipitated in the solid phase with the decreasing liquid polarity. All these findings are expected to create a novel option for dewatering WAS with recyclable liquid conditioning agents, and provide the improved mechanistic insights into the migration of interfacial compositions controlling the dewaterability of WAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boran Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jun Wei
- Hydrochina Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited, 201 Gaojiao Road, Hangzhou 311122, China
| | - Hewei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaohu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Xiaoli Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Xia J, Ji J, Hu Z, Rao T, Liu A, Ma J, Sun Y. Application of Advanced Oxidation Technology in Sludge Conditioning and Dewatering: A Critical Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159287. [PMID: 35954642 PMCID: PMC9368043 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Sludge dewatering is an important link in sludge treatment. In practical engineering, the dewatering effect of unconditioned sludge is very poor. The use of advanced oxidation technology can improve sludge dewatering performance, reduce sludge capacity, and remove micro-pollutants, which is beneficial for sludge post-treatment and disposal. Based on the current status of sludge conditioning and dehydration, the characteristics of the advanced oxidation method for sludge dehydration were systematically explained using various free radical reaction mechanisms and dehydration conditions. The effects of various advanced oxidation technologies on sludge conditioning and dewatering has been extensively discussed. Finally, the application prospects of the advanced oxidation technology in sludge conditioning and dewatering are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Xia
- Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Public Utilities Holding Group Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210044, China; (J.X.); (J.J.); (Z.H.); (T.R.)
| | - Juan Ji
- Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Public Utilities Holding Group Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210044, China; (J.X.); (J.J.); (Z.H.); (T.R.)
| | - Zhiqiang Hu
- Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Public Utilities Holding Group Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210044, China; (J.X.); (J.J.); (Z.H.); (T.R.)
| | - Ting Rao
- Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Public Utilities Holding Group Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210044, China; (J.X.); (J.J.); (Z.H.); (T.R.)
| | - Ankang Liu
- Nanjing Water Purification Environmental Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211100, China;
| | - Jingqian Ma
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China;
| | - Yongjun Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China;
- Correspondence:
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Liang J, Zhou Y. Iron-based advanced oxidation processes for enhancing sludge dewaterability: State of the art, challenges, and sludge reuse. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 218:118499. [PMID: 35537253 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The increasing amount of sewage sludge produced in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) poses a great challenge to both environment and economy globally. As a requisite process during sludge treatment, sludge dewatering can significantly minimize the sludge volume and lower the operational cost for downstream transportation and disposal. Iron-based advanced oxidation process (AOP), a robust and cost-effective technique with relatively low technical barriers for high-level sludge dewatering, has been widely explored in the past 20 years. The development was mainly driven by the demands of efficient and sustainable sludge conditioning technology and the flexible sludge management approaches. The application of iron-based AOPs in sludge dewatering process attracts more and more attention. In this work, we discussed the current application of iron-based AOPs technology in the sludge dewatering processes in a holistic manner, summarized the factors affecting the sludge dewaterability in the treatment processes, and analyzed the mechanisms of iron-based AOPs to improve dewatering processes. Furthermore, we elaborated potential advantages, limitations, and challenges associated with implementing iron-based AOPs in the full-scale plants and shared the opportunities for sludge reutilization. This review aims to contribute to the development of highly efficient iron-based AOPs for sludge dewatering and offer perspectives and directions towards the new-generation of WWTPs with the sustainable and eco-friendly benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Liang
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Integrated Prevention and Control of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore.
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33
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Reinterpretation of the mechanism of coagulation and its effects in waste activated sludge treatment. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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34
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Wen Q, Liu B, Chen Z. Simultaneous recovery of vivianite and produce short-chain fatty acids from waste activated sludge using potassium ferrate as pre-oxidation treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 208:112661. [PMID: 35032543 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Recovery resources from waste active sludge (WAS) is an effective way to alleviate the predicament of WAS disposal, and it is also conducive to the carbon neutralization of wastewater treatment systems. This study discussed the strategy of WAS anaerobic fermentation after pre-oxidation with potassium ferrate (K2FeO4, PF), which can simultaneously recover vivianite and enhance SCFAs production. The results showed that PF pre-oxidation considerably shortened the fermentation time of SCFAs to 2 days, and the main Fe-P mineral was vivianite. The optimal PF dosage of 0.06 g Fe (VI)/g TSS for pre-oxidation WAS resulted in the maximum SCFAs production and vivianite recovery rate of 3698.2 ± 118.98 mg COD/g VSS and 32.39%, respectively. The mechanism analysis showed that the oxidizing properties of PF significantly accelerated the disintegration of tight EPS, release of protein and sludge acidification efficiency. Moreover, the PF strengthened the transfer of P to the solid phase, forming the Fe-P mineral and unsaturated coordination state of phosphate group. Then the key microorganism Geobacter reduced the Fe3+ in Fe-P state to Fe2+ and combined unsaturated phosphate to form vivianite. This study provides an alternative method for resource recovery and environmentally friendly disposal of WAS and contributes to the carbon neutrality of urban water systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinxue Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Baozhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China; School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China.
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35
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Zou X, Rao M, Ye J, Chen S, Qin S, Qiu M. Impact of acceleration of agricultural and industrial waste conditioning on thermal drying of sewage sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:38161-38174. [PMID: 35072875 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18799-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Improving the dewatering performance of sludge is a necessary advancement for collaborative sludge disposal and energy-efficient utilization in power plants. Herein, the effects of temperature changes and the addition of drying accelerators derived from agricultural and industrial waste on the drying characteristics of sewage sludge (SS) were investigated from the perspectives of drying kinetics and micromorphology. According to the results, the drying time for sludge significantly showed a clear downward trend via medium-low temperature (160 °C) thermal drying, which subsequently reduced the energy input substantially. When the drying temperature was 160 °C, the ideal addition proportions of rice husk (RH), sludge ash (SA), and coal ash (CA) comprised 15%. The addition of SA prominently boosted the drying rate constant of the original sludge by 48%. Additionally, SEM images along with the spectral dimension obtained via fractal theory explicitly clearly demonstrated that SS + SA had more loose pore channels than other mixed samples. This provided a convenient approach to ensure the evaporation and migration of moisture and thereby shorten the drying time effectively. Consequently, the addition of sludge ash as a drying accelerator can promote the deep dewatering of sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbo Zou
- Guangdong Energy Group Science and Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd. 510630, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mumin Rao
- Guangdong Energy Group Science and Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd. 510630, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji Ye
- Guangdong Energy Group Science and Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd. 510630, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shunkai Chen
- School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Shiwei Qin
- Guangdong Energy Group Science and Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd. 510630, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengze Qiu
- School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, 510640, Guangzhou, China
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36
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Ding A, Lin W, Chen R, Ngo HH, Zhang R, He X, Nan J, Li G, Ma J. Improvement of sludge dewaterability by energy uncoupling combined with chemical re-flocculation: Reconstruction of floc, distribution of extracellular polymeric substances, and structure change of proteins. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 816:151646. [PMID: 34774632 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study innovatively combines energy uncoupling and chemical re-flocculation helped to accelerate residual sludge dewatering. Ferric chloride (FeCl3) and 3, 3', 4', 5-tetrachlor-osalicylanilide (TCS) were employed as the flocculant and uncoupler, respectively. The results showed that the specific resistance to filtration (SRF) and the water content of sludge filtered cake fell dramatically from 11 × 1012 m/kg and 80.2% to 1.1 × 1012 m/kg and 77.1% respectively, when the addition of TCS ranged from 0 to 0.12 g/g VSS with flocculation conditioning. The distribution of sludge extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) was altered radically after adding TCS, leading to the collapse and fragmentation of EPS, causing the reduction and formation of fragmentized sludge flocs. Meanwhile, the stretching and deformation vibrations of CO and NH bonds suggested the strong attack between TCS and EPS proteins, while variations of the main secondary structures of protein (i.e. α-helix, β-sheet and random coil) indicated the loose structure of proteins and enhanced hydrophobicity. Consequently, the cracked and loose structure of residual sludge resulted in the release of bound water. After TCS addition combined with chemical re-flocculation, the channels of sludge water discharge were widened, guaranteeing the discharge of sludge water. Therefore, the sludge dewaterability was elevated under the energy uncoupling combined with chemical re-flocculation. As well, the application of TCS would not destroy sludge cells, in which bioenergy (sludge carbon source) could be retained and effectively utilized in the subsequent disposal process. The findings reported here not only widen our perception of the energy uncoupling technology, but also encourage researchers to explore both effective and economic methods on the basis of energy uncoupling, aiming to achieve high-efficiency of reduction and dewatering in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, 150090 Harbin, PR China.
| | - Wei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, 150090 Harbin, PR China
| | - Renglu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, 150090 Harbin, PR China
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Rourou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, 150090 Harbin, PR China
| | - Xu He
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, 150090 Harbin, PR China
| | - Jun Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, 150090 Harbin, PR China
| | - Guibai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, 150090 Harbin, PR China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, 150090 Harbin, PR China
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37
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Liu Y, Cao Y, Zhang C, Ye C, Bian Q, Cheng X, Xia H, Zheng J, Liu H. A novel colorimetric method for H2O2 sensing and its application: Fe2+-catalyzed H2O2 prevents aggregation of AuNPs by oxidizing cysteine (FeHOAuC). Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1207:339840. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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38
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Sha L, Wu Z, Ling Z, Liu X, Yu X, Zhang S. Investigation on the improvement of activated sludge dewaterability using different iron forms (ZVI vs. Fe(II))/peroxydisulfate combined vertical electro-dewatering processes. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 292:133416. [PMID: 34953873 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The high moisture content (MC) of activated sludge dewatered by traditional vertical electro-dewatering (VED) is unable to meet the disposal requirements. Therefore, different iron forms (ZVI vs. Fe(II))/peroxydisulfate (PDS) combined VED (ZVI/PDS-VED and Fe(II)/PDS-VED) were employed to enhance the dewaterability of activated sludge. The dewatering behaviors of the two combined dewatering processes and the underlying mechanism related to the sludge characteristics were investigated and compared. Sludge was conditioned using ZVI/PDS and Fe(II)/PDS, respectively, and then dewatered by the VED in the experiment. Experimental results showed that with 0.3 g (g dry solids (DS))-1 of iron activators, 0.583 g (g DS) -1 of PDS, and 30 V of voltage, the MC of sludge after ZVI/PDS-VED and Fe(II)/PDS-VED reached the minimum values of 50.6 ± 1.2% and 32.1 ± 1.5%, respectively. ZVI/PDS and Fe(II)/PDS conditioning reduced the MC difference of sludge between the anode and the cathode during the VED, facilitating the water homogenization in the sludge cake. ZVI/PDS-VED and Fe(II)/PDS-VED could effectively reduce the bound water and the free water. Free water had high correlations with α-helix (r = 0.999, p < 0.05) and CO (r = 0.998, p < 0.05). Compared with the traditional VED and the ZVI/PDS-VED, the Fe(II)/PDS-VED had a greater improvement of sludge dewaterability due to the more efficient degradation of extracellular polymeric substances and the increase of sludge surface hydrophobicity. This study promoted the development of the new sludge deep-dewatering technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Sha
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China
| | - Zhangxiang Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China
| | - Zichen Ling
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China
| | - Xingxin Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yu
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan, 030008, China
| | - Shuting Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China.
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Gonzalez A, van Lier JB, de Kreuk MK. Effects of mild thermal pre-treatment combined with H 2O 2 addition on waste activated sludge digestibility. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 141:163-172. [PMID: 35123250 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The pre-treatment of waste activated sludge (WAS) has become more common since it often results in improved bioconversion to methane, in both rate and extent. However, thorough insights on the possible effects and mechanisms of mild pre-treatment techniques, such as temperatures <100 °C combined with the addition of H2O2, are still limited. This study reports the effects of the addition of 5-30 mgH2O2/g TS and its interaction with thermal pre-treatment at 70 °C on methane production, using WAS as the substrate. It was found that the addition of H2O2 increased the methane production rate, coinciding with a decrease in apparent viscosity of WAS, which probably improved mass transfer under non-ideal mixing conditions. While H2O2 solubilized proteins and carbohydrates and mineralized a small fraction of the humic substances in WAS, these biochemical transformations did not suffice to explain the observed extent and rate of methane production. A decreased particle size, the presence of Fenton's reagent, and the presence of cationic polymers in the WAS were discarded as the reasons for the observed decrease in apparent viscosity. It was concluded that the pre-treatment conditions applied in the present study might be a strategy to enhance mixing conditions in full-scale anaerobic digesters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Gonzalez
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Department of Water Management, Sanitary Engineering Section, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, the Netherlands.
| | - Jules B van Lier
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Department of Water Management, Sanitary Engineering Section, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Merle K de Kreuk
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Department of Water Management, Sanitary Engineering Section, Delft University of Technology, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, the Netherlands
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40
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Luo HC, Guo WQ, Zhao Q, Wang HZ, Ren NQ. Compared effects of “solid-based” hydrogen peroxide pretreatment on disintegration and properties of waste activated sludge. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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41
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Tao S, Liang S, Wu X, Hou H, Yu W, Xiao K, Liu B, Yuan S, Hu J, Yang J. Enhanced silicon bioavailability of biochar derived from sludge conditioned with Fenton's reagent and lime. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150941. [PMID: 34653465 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biological wastewater treatment generates a large quantity of sewage sludge that requires proper treatments. In this study, the biochar pyrolyzed by sludge conditioned with Fenton's reagent and lime (referred to as Fenton-lime system) was first used as an efficient silicon fertilizer for rice cultivation. When the pyrolysis temperature was 750 °C, the dissolved silicon and available silicon contents in biochar derived from sludge conditioned with Fenton-lime system were much higher than those in raw sludge derived biochar without conditioning (3.49 vs. 0.72, 77.25 vs. 2.33 mg/g dry solid, respectively). The enhanced available silicon content was attributed to the newly formed calcium aluminosilicate from the reactions between the added lime and silicon-rich phases in sludge. The rice cultivated with biochar derived from Fenton-lime conditioned sludge showed improved biomass of stem and root by 76.85% and 36.11%, respectively, compared to blank group without the addition of Si source. Heavy metals and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in rice were not observed after a culture period of 30 days in the application of sludge-derived biochar as silicon fertilizer. This study provides a promising approach for sewage sludge recycling as an efficient silicon fertilizer in silicon-deficiency land.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangyi Tao
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Treatment Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Research Center of Water Quality Safety and Water Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Changjiang Institute of Survey, Planning, Design and Research, Wuhan, Hubei 430010, China
| | - Sha Liang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Treatment Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Research Center of Water Quality Safety and Water Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Xiang Wu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Treatment Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Research Center of Water Quality Safety and Water Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Huijie Hou
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Treatment Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Research Center of Water Quality Safety and Water Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.
| | - Wenbo Yu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Treatment Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Research Center of Water Quality Safety and Water Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Keke Xiao
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Treatment Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Research Center of Water Quality Safety and Water Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Bingchuan Liu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Treatment Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Research Center of Water Quality Safety and Water Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Shushan Yuan
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Treatment Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Research Center of Water Quality Safety and Water Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Jingping Hu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Treatment Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Research Center of Water Quality Safety and Water Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Jiakuan Yang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Solid Waste Treatment Disposal and Recycling, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Research Center of Water Quality Safety and Water Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.
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Liu X, Zhai Y, Liu G, Liu X, Wang B, Wang Z, Zhu Y, Fan Y, Shi H, Xu M. Mechanistic insights into enhanced waste activated sludge dewaterability with Cu(II) and Cu(II)/H 2O 2 treatment: Radical and non-radical pathway. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132549. [PMID: 34653483 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Without extra adjustment of pH, the effects of cupric ions (Cu(II)) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) alone or in combination on sludge dewatering were studied. It showed good dewatering capability after treated by Cu(II) and Cu(II)/H2O2, which indicated by the capillary suction times (CST) decreased from 120.8 ± 4.7 s (control) to about 40 s, and the water content (Wc) of sludge cake dropped by about 10%. The results showed that the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were destroyed, which characterized by a significant decrease in the biopolymers' concentrations in tightly-bound EPS. Meanwhile, more rough and porous microstructures and higher zeta potentials were obtained after conditioned. Based on the changes of physicochemical properties of sludge, the variations of EPS, and the identification of reactive species, two distinct mechanisms of improved sludge dewatering were postulated. As for Cu(II) treatment, it was mainly due to the surface charge neutralization, strong cytotoxicity of Cu(I) produced by intracellular reduction of Cu(II), and pH decline caused by Cu(II) hydrolysis that improved sludge dewatering performance, which could be noted as a "non-radical pathway". When in combination with H2O2, hydroxyl radicals (·OH) produced by Cu(II)-catalyzed Fenton-like process played a dominant role in degrading sludge flocs and EPS, which could be regarded as a "radical pathway".
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Yunbo Zhai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Guangli Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xiangmin Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Bei Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Zhexian Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Ya Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Yuwei Fan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Haoran Shi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Min Xu
- Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing, 100012, PR China.
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Lin W, Ding A, Ngo HH, Ren Z, Nan J, Li G, Ma J. Effects of the metabolic uncoupler TCS on residual sludge treatment: Analyses of the microbial community and sludge dewaterability potential. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132473. [PMID: 34624348 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Residual sludge is a by-product with a large volume and complex composition from wastewater treatment plants. It is significant to reduce sludge volume to decrease the negative effects of sludge on environmental pollution and needless land use. We investigated the effects of uncoupler 3, 3', 4', 5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide (TCS) on the properties of sludge. After adding 0.12 g TCS/g VSS with 24 h mixing, the sludge concentration and total ATP content decreased by 51.1% and 60.8%, respectively. At the same time, the microbial community also changed significantly, leading to the decrease of richness and diversity. Additionally, the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) reduced approximately 43% under the addition of 0.12 g/g VSS compared with the control. The decrement of EPS may be explained by the decreased relative abundance of functional bacteria (i.e. Chloroflexi reduced about 60% and Nitrospirota reduced about 31%). Notably, the addition of TCS before coagulation conditioning (FeCl3) promoted the adhesion of sludge flocs according to the theory of Extended Derjaguin Landau Verwey Overbee (XDLVO), leading to the increased hydrophobicity of the residual sludge. Therefore, energy uncoupling has the potential of improving sludge dewaterability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - An Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Zixiao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Jun Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Guibai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin, 150090, PR China
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Wen Q, Ma M, Hou H, Yu W, Gui G, Wu Q, Xiao K, Zhu Y, Tao S, Liang S, Liu B, Hu J, Yang J. Recirculation of reject water in deep-dewatering process to influent of wastewater treatment plant and dewaterability of sludge conditioned with Fe 2+/H 2O 2, Fe 2+/Ca(ClO) 2, and Fe 2+/Na 2S 2O 8: From bench to pilot-scale study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 203:111825. [PMID: 34364865 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Deep dewatering of sewage sludge pretreated with advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) is a strategy for efficient sludge reduction and subsequent disposal. The pretreatment and dewatering performance of sludge conditioned with three types of AOPs (Fe2+/H2O2, Fe2+/Ca(ClO)2, and Fe2+/Na2S2O8), compared with sludge conditioned with traditional conditioner (Fe3+/CaO), were investigated in both bench and pilot-scale tests. All of those conditioner systems could reduce the water content of dewatered sludge cake to below 60 wt% in bench-scale (about 16 kg raw sludge per round) and pilot-scale (approximate 800 kg raw sludge per round) diaphragm filter press dewatering. Compared with raw sludge, the deep-dewatering filtrate after different conditioning and dewatering processes had higher ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) contents due to the degradation of organic matter, and much lower total phosphorus (TP) content due to the formation of iron phosphate precipitate. A better biodegradability (i.e. higher BOD5/COD ratio) was found in the deep-dewatering filtrate of sludge conditioned with Fe2+/H2O2 (25.2 %) and Fe2+/Ca(ClO)2 (17.4 %). Most of the heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb) (>79 wt%) have remained in the dewatered sludge cake, and most of the Cl element (>90 wt%) in the sludge pretreated by Fe2+/Ca(ClO)2 and Fe3+/CaO was kept in the filtrate, rather than the dewatered sludge cake. Based on the pilot-scale experimental results, if all the filtrate in the deep-dewatering process returned to the influent of WWTP, the loading ratios of TP, NH4+-N, COD in the four conditioner systems were less than 3 wt%. The above results proved that the AOPs conditioned sludge could achieve deep-dewatering in pilot-scale and the direct recirculation of deep-dewatering filtrate to the influent of wastewater treatment plant was feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Wen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycle Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Research Center of Water Quality Safety and Water Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Min Ma
- Wuhan City Drainage Development Co., Ltd., Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Huijie Hou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycle Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Research Center of Water Quality Safety and Water Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Wenbo Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycle Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Research Center of Water Quality Safety and Water Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China.
| | - Guan Gui
- Wuhan City Drainage Development Co., Ltd., Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Qiongxiang Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycle Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Keke Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycle Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Yuwei Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycle Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Shuangyi Tao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycle Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Sha Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycle Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Bingchuan Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycle Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Jingping Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycle Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Jiakuan Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment, Disposal and Recycle Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China; Hubei Provincial Research Center of Water Quality Safety and Water Pollution Control Engineering Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
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Ling X, Deng J, Ye C, Cai A, Ruan S, Chen M, Li X. Fe(II)-activated sodium percarbonate for improving sludge dewaterability: Experimental and theoretical investigation combined with the evaluation of subsequent utilization. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 799:149382. [PMID: 34358742 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fe(II)-activated sodium percarbonate (SPC) was an emerging technology for enhancing the dewaterability of waste activated sludge, and its operational parameters were systematically explored. The results showed that after the treatment by 1.20 mmol/g VSS SPC and 1.44 mmol/g VSS Fe(II) at initial pH 3.0, the water content and specific resistance to filtration remained at 76.05 ± 0.36% and 2.57 ± 0.08 × 1012 m·kg-1, respectively. The acid condition was instrumental in sludge dewatering, whereas overdosing Fe(II) or SPC imposed adverse effect. The conversion of EPS fractions was examined to elucidate the underlying mechanism, which indicated that a coexisting oxidation/flocculation process accounted for the improvement of sludge dewaterability. The stronger oxidative ·OH degraded the hydrophilic compounds (proteins and carbohydrates) of tightly-bound extracellular polymeric substance and the dissolved multivalence iron promoted solid-liquid separation. Additionally, the theoretical analysis (DFT calculation) demonstrated that the oxygen- and nitrogen-containing groups of EPS resulted in high-water holding capacity of sludge. The difficulty of destroying hydrophilic functional groups followed C=O > C-N > C-O during oxidation process. Moreover, Fe(II)/SPC treatment performed well in coliforms inactivation and phytotoxicity reduction compared with different ·OH-based advanced oxidation processes for sludge conditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ling
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Jing Deng
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China.
| | - Cheng Ye
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Anhong Cai
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Shuyu Ruan
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Minjie Chen
- College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Xueyan Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
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Li H, Dai T, Chen J, Chen L, Li Y, Kan X, Hou H, Han Y. Enhanced sludge dewaterability by Fe-rich biochar activating hydrogen peroxide: Co-hydrothermal red mud and reed straw. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 296:113239. [PMID: 34252849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study proposed Fe-rich biochar (RMRS-BC) produced by the co-hydrothermal treatment of red mud and reed straw, industrial waste and agricultural waste, as a novel sludge conditioner. It had been proven that heterogeneous and homogeneous Fenton reactions occurred during the sludge conditioning process, in which RMRS-BC activated H2O2 to improve sludge dewaterability. Results demonstrated that the optimal condition was 7.5 wt% dry solids (DS) of RMRS-BC at a mass ratio of 1:1 combined with H2O2. The corresponding water content of sludge cakes and the capillary suction time reduction efficiency were 57.88 wt% and 69.76%, respectively. The Fe3O4 supported in the RMRS-BC structure was used as a catalyst to produce heterogeneous reaction, and the Fe2+ leached from the RMRS-BC after acidification happened homogeneous reaction. Double Fenton reaction in sludge conditioning enhanced the production efficiency of ·OH, the sludge flocs were dispersed into smaller particles, more bound water from the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) was released, and sludge dewaterability performance was improved. Another main mechanism for enhancing dewaterability was to use RMRS-BC as a skeleton builder to reduce the compressibility of sludge cakes and facilitated free water to flow out. In summary, the Fenton oxidation method activated by RMRS-BC is feasible in improving sludge dewatering.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Tenglong Dai
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Jiaao Chen
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Yixin Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoqing Kan
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Haobo Hou
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China; Zhaoqing (Wuhan University) Environmental Technology Research Institute, Zhaoqing, 526200, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yi Han
- School of Resource and Environmental Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China; College of Resources and Environment, Anqing Normal University, Anqing, 246011, Anhui, China.
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Li Y, Wang D, Yang G, Yuan X, Yuan L, Li Z, Xu Q, Liu X, Yang Q, Tang W, Jiang L, Li H, Wang Q, Ni B. In-depth research on percarbonate expediting zero-valent iron corrosion for conditioning anaerobically digested sludge. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 419:126389. [PMID: 34323710 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobically digested sludge (ADS) is commonly hard to dewater for the presence of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and the liberation of glutinous soluble microbic products during anaerobic digestion. Sodium percarbonate (SPC) expediting zero-valent iron (ZVI) corrosion (SPC/ZVI) process firstly conditioned ADS to amend its dewaterability. Results showed that SPC/ZVI conditioning decreased moisture content of dewatered cake from 90.5% (control) to 69.9% with addition of 0.10 g/g TS SPC and 0.20 g/g TS ZVI. Mechanistic research indicated that the enhanced ADS dewaterability mainly resulted from •OH and Fe(III)/iron polymers yielded in SPC/ZVI. •OH disrupted EPS, damaged cytoderm & cytomembrane, and lysed intracellular substances, unbinding the bound water. Meanwhile, the breakage and inactivation of microbe by •OH prompted the production of macro-pores in ADS. •OH adjusted the conformation of extracellular/intracellular proteins by intervening in the H-bonds and S-S bonds, availing the hydrophobicity and slight flocculation of ADS. •OH further facilitated the despiralization of α-helical to β-sheet structure in ADS pellets, benefiting cell-to-cell aggregation. Additionally, Fe(III)/iron polymers from ZVI corrosion accelerated to gather ADS and maintained its floc structure. Consequently, SPC/ZVI conditioning not only adjusted the natures of ADS and its EPS but also the features of residual pellets, which further induced the advancement of ADS dewaterability. In addition, SPC/ZVI conditioning possibly surmounts some limitations existing in ZVI/Peroxide or ZVI/Persulfate technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifu Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Dongbo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Guojing Yang
- College of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo 315100, PR China.
| | - Xingzhong Yuan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Longhu Yuan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Zijing Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Qiuxiang Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xuran Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Qi Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Wangwang Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Longbo Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Hailong Li
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, PR China
| | - Qilin Wang
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Bingjie Ni
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
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Bei Li Y, Li Song J, Jing Yao Q, Xu Chen Z, Wei Y, Long Li H, Xiao Wang M, Jing Wang B, Min Zhou J. Effects of dissolved oxygen on the sludge dewaterability and extracellular polymeric substances distribution by bioleaching. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 281:130906. [PMID: 34029968 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bioleaching is a biological conditioning technology for sludge, which not only improves sludge dewatering performance but also removes heavy metals from sludge. As the bioleaching process is a comprehensive biological and chemical process, it is necessary to explore the effects of dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations on bioleaching efficiency. Three bioleaching experiments with different DO concentrations (T1: 0.8-3.1 mg/L, T2: 3.1-5.5 mg/L, T3: 5.5-7.5 mg/L) were conducted for five days. The sludge dewatering efficiency was evaluated using capillary suction time (CST) and specific resistance to filtration (SRF). The relationship between sludge dewaterability and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) fraction distribution was investigated. In the treatment with the highest DO concentration, the minimum values of SRF and CST were 4.31 × 1011 m/kg and 13.5 s, which occurred earlier than the treatment with the lower DO concentrations by approximately 24-48 h. A significant decrease (83.4-93.2%) in tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS) protein (PN) was observed in all treatments, while a positive correlation (r = 0.924, P < 0.01) was observed between SRF and PN content in TB-EPS. A relatively higher abundance of Acidithiobacillus was found with the increase in DO concentration. Additionally, other genera including Metallibacterium, Alicyclobacillus, Acidibacter, Acidocella, and Luteococcus also played important roles in EPS biodegradation. These results revealed that increasing the DO concentration could improve sludge dewatering performance and heavy metal removal by enhancing bioleaching microbial activity, the degradation of PN in TB-EPS, and sludge floc fragmentation, but only if sufficient energy sources were provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Bei Li
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, China; Key Laboratory of Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, China.
| | - Jun Li Song
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, China
| | - Qian Jing Yao
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, China
| | - Ze Xu Chen
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, China
| | - Yi Wei
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, China
| | - Hai Long Li
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, China
| | | | | | - Jia Min Zhou
- School of Environment, Henan Normal University, China
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Liang J, Liao X, Ye M, Guan Z, Mo Z, Yang X, Huang S, Sun S. Dewaterability improvement and environmental risk mitigation of waste activated sludge using peroxymonosulfate activated by zero-valent metals: Fe 0 vs. Al 0. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 280:130686. [PMID: 33957470 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The stabilization and dewaterability of waste activated sludge (WAS) are essential factors for downstream disposal or reuse. Herein, two types of zero-valent metals, zero-valent iron (Fe0) and zero-valent aluminum (Al0), were compared for their ability to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) during the WAS conditioning process, with the effects of PMS activation by these two metals on WAS dewaterability and the potential environmental risks evaluated. Results showed that compared to Al0/PMS treatment, Fe0/PMS treatment achieved superior WAS dewaterability and reduced operational costs. Using PMS combined with Fe0 and Al0 treatments under optimal conditions, the water content (Wc) of dewatered sludge decreased to 55.7 ± 2.7 wt% and 59.4 ± 1.3 wt%, respectively. Meanwhile, application of the Fe0/PMS treatment system reduced the total annual cost by approximately 33.1%, compared to the Al0/PMS treatment. Analysis of the dewatering mechanism demonstrated that in the Fe0/PMS treatment, Fe3+/Fe2+ flocculation played an important role in the enhancement of WAS dewatering, while sulfate radical (SO4•-) oxidation was the dominant factor for WAS dewaterability improvement in Al0/PMS treatment. The greater enhancement of WAS dewaterability by Fe0/PMS treatment, was mainly attributed to more efficient reduction of hydrophilic extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and an increase in surface charge neutralization. Environmental risk evaluation results indicated that Fe0/PMS and Al0/PMS treatments both effectively alleviated the environmental risks of heavy metals and faecal coliforms in dewatered sludge. Overall, this study proposes a novel perspective for the selection of an optimal PMS activator in sludge treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Liang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaojian Liao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Maoyou Ye
- College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Zhijie Guan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhihua Mo
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xian Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shaosong Huang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Shuiyu Sun
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Polytechnic of Environmental Protection Engineering, Foshan, 528216, China.
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Hu Z, Duan H, Wang Z, Zhao J, Ye L, Yuan Z, Zheng M, Hu S. Centralized iron-dosing into returned sludge brings multifaceted benefits to wastewater management. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 203:117536. [PMID: 34403845 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Iron salts (i.e. FeCl3) are the most used chemicals in the urban wastewater system. Iron is commonly dosed into sewage or the mainstream system, which provides multiple benefits such as enhanced phosphorus removal and improved sludge settleability/dewaterability. This study reported and demonstrated a new approach that dosed FeCl3 into returned sludge in order to bring two more benefits to wastewater management: short-cut nitrogen removal via the nitrite pathway and less biomass production. This approach is achieved based on our findings that with similar amount of FeCl3, centralized iron dosing into a sidestream sludge unit generated iron concentration two orders of magnitude higher than the common mainstream dosing (e.g. 10-40 mg Fe/L-wastewater), leading to sludge acidification (pH = 2.1) with Fe (III) hydrolysis. Together with accumulated nitrite in the supernatant of the sludge, ppm-level of free nitrous acid was generated and thus enabled sludge disintegration, cell lysis, and selective elimination of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB). Long-term effects on nitrifying bacteria and overall reactor performance were evaluated using two laboratory reactor experiments for over one year. The experimental reactor showed stable nitrite accumulation with an average NO2-/(NO2- + NO3-) ratio above 80% and ∼30% observed biomass yield reduction compared to those in control reactors. In addition, the centralized sludge dosing strategy still provided benefits such as improved settleability and dewaterability of sludge and enhanced phosphorus removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhetai Hu
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Haoran Duan
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia; School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Zhiyao Wang
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jing Zhao
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Liu Ye
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Min Zheng
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Shihu Hu
- Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia
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