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Watkins SH, Testa C, Simpkin AJ, Smith GD, Coull B, De Vivo I, Tilling K, Waterman PD, Chen JT, Diez-Roux AV, Krieger N, Suderman M, Relton C. An epigenome-wide analysis of DNA methylation, racialized and economic inequities, and air pollution. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.07.570610. [PMID: 38105971 PMCID: PMC10723401 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.07.570610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Importance DNA methylation (DNAm) provides a plausible mechanism by which adverse exposures become embodied and contribute to health inequities, due to its role in genome regulation and responsiveness to social and biophysical exposures tied to societal context. However, scant epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) have included structural and lifecourse measures of exposure, especially in relation to structural discrimination. Objective Our study tests the hypothesis that DNAm is a mechanism by which racial discrimination, economic adversity, and air pollution become biologically embodied. Design A series of cross-sectional EWAS, conducted in My Body My Story (MBMS, biological specimens collected 2008-2010, DNAm assayed in 2021); and the Multi Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA; biological specimens collected 2010-2012, DNAm assayed in 2012-2013); using new georeferenced social exposure data for both studies (generated in 2022). Setting MBMS was recruited from four community health centers in Boston; MESA was recruited from four field sites in: Baltimore, MD; Forsyth County, NC; New York City, NY; and St. Paul, MN. Participants Two population-based samples of US-born Black non-Hispanic (Black NH), white non-Hispanic (white NH), and Hispanic individuals (MBMS; n=224 Black NH and 69 white NH) and (MESA; n=229 Black NH, n=555 white NH and n=191 Hispanic). Exposures Eight social exposures encompassing racial discrimination, economic adversity, and air pollution. Main outcome Genome-wide changes in DNAm, as measured using the Illumina EPIC BeadChip (MBMS; using frozen blood spots) and Illumina 450k BeadChip (MESA; using purified monocytes). Our hypothesis was formulated after data collection. Results We observed the strongest associations with traffic-related air pollution (measured via black carbon and nitrogen oxides exposure), with evidence from both studies suggesting that air pollution exposure may induce epigenetic changes related to inflammatory processes. We also found suggestive associations of DNAm variation with measures of structural racial discrimination (e.g., for Black NH participants, born in a Jim Crow state; adult exposure to racialized economic residential segregation) situated in genes with plausible links to effects on health. Conclusions and Relevance Overall, this work suggests that DNAm is a biological mechanism through which structural racism and air pollution become embodied and may lead to health inequities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Holmes Watkins
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Christian Testa
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Andrew J. Simpkin
- School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - George Davey Smith
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Brent Coull
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Immaculata De Vivo
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kate Tilling
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Pamela D. Waterman
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jarvis T. Chen
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ana V. Diez-Roux
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Urban Health Collaborative, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Nancy Krieger
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthew Suderman
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Caroline Relton
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Gierten J, Welz B, Fitzgerald T, Thumberger T, Hummel O, Leger A, Weber P, Hassel D, Hübner N, Birney E, Wittbrodt J. Natural genetic variation quantitatively regulates heart rate and dimension. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.01.555906. [PMID: 37693611 PMCID: PMC10491305 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.01.555906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The polygenic contribution to heart development and function along the health-disease continuum remains unresolved. To gain insight into the genetic basis of quantitative cardiac phenotypes, we utilize highly inbred Japanese rice fish models, Oryzias latipes, and Oryzias sakaizumii. Employing automated quantification of embryonic heart rates as core metric, we profiled phenotype variability across five inbred strains. We observed maximal phenotypic contrast between individuals of the HO5 and the HdrR strain. HO5 showed elevated heart rates associated with embryonic ventricular hypoplasia and impaired adult cardiac function. This contrast served as the basis for genome-wide mapping. In a segregation population of 1192 HO5 x HdrR F2 embryos, we mapped 59 loci (173 genes) associated with heart rate. Experimental validation of the top 12 candidate genes in loss-of-function models revealed their causal and distinct impact on heart rate, development, ventricle size, and arrhythmia. Our study uncovers new diagnostic and therapeutic targets for developmental and electrophysiological cardiac diseases and provides a novel scalable approach to investigate the intricate genetic architecture of the vertebrate heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Gierten
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University; Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Heidelberg University Hospital; Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Bettina Welz
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University; Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
- Heidelberg Biosciences International Graduate School (HBIGS), Heidelberg University; Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Tomas Fitzgerald
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI); Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Thomas Thumberger
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University; Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Oliver Hummel
- Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC); Berlin, 13125, Germany
| | - Adrien Leger
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI); Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Philipp Weber
- Department of Cardiology, Heidelberg University Hospital; Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - David Hassel
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Heidelberg University Hospital; Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Norbert Hübner
- Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC); Berlin, 13125, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin, 10117, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Partner Site Berlin, Germany
| | - Ewan Birney
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI); Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Joachim Wittbrodt
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University; Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK); Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
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3
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Tian L, Guo T, Wu F, Bai R, Ai S, Wang H, Song Y, Zhu M, Jiang Y, Ma S, Zhuang X, Guo S. The pseudoenzyme ADPRHL1 affects cardiac function by regulating the ROCK pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:309. [PMID: 37880701 PMCID: PMC10601310 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03507-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pseudoenzymes, catalytically deficient variants of active enzymes, have a wide range of regulatory functions. ADP-ribosylhydrolase-like 1 (ADPRHL1), a pseudoenzyme belonging to a small group of ADP-ribosylhydrolase enzymes that lacks the amino acid residues necessary for catalytic activity, may have a significant role in heart development based on accumulating evidence. However, the specific function of ADPRHL1 in this process has not been elucidated. To investigate the role of ADPRHL1 in the heart, we generated the first in vitro human embryonic stem cell model with an ADPRHL1 knockout. METHOD Using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, we generated ADPRHL1 knockout in the human embryonic stem cell (hESC) H9 line. The cells were differentiated into cardiomyocytes using a chemically defined and xeno-free method. We employed confocal laser microscopy to detect calcium transients and microelectrode array (MEA) to assess the electrophysiological activity of ADPRHL1 deficiency cardiomyocytes. Additionally, we investigated the cellular mechanism of ADPRHL1 by Bulk RNA sequencing and western blot. RESULTS The results indicate that the absence of ADPRHL1 in cardiomyocytes led to adhered abnormally, as well as perturbations in calcium transients and electrophysiological activity. We also revealed that disruption of focal adhesion formation in these cardiomyocytes was due to an excessive upregulation of the ROCK-myosin II pathway. Notably, inhibition of ROCK and myosin II effectively restores focal adhesions in ADPRHL1-deficient cardiomyocytes and improved electrical conduction and calcium activity. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that ADPRHL1 plays a critical role in maintaining the proper function of cardiomyocytes by regulating the ROCK-myosin II pathway, suggesting that it may serve as a potential drug target for the treatment of ADPRHL1-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tian
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Tianwei Guo
- Beijing Laboratory for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering for Cardiovascular Disease Research, Ministry of Education, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Fujian Wu
- Translational Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020, China
- Post-Doctoral Scientific Research Station of Basic Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Rui Bai
- Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen, 518057, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Sinan Ai
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hongyue Wang
- Department of Cardiology, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Fuwai Hospital, Beilishi Rd 167, Xicheng District, Beijing City, 100037, China
| | - Yuanxiu Song
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, 310003, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Fuwai Hospital, Beilishi Rd 167, Xicheng District, Beijing City, 100037, China
| | - Youxu Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Jingba Road, Zhengzhou, 450053, China
| | - Shuhong Ma
- Department of Cardiology, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Fuwai Hospital, Beilishi Rd 167, Xicheng District, Beijing City, 100037, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhuang
- Department of Cardiology, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Fuwai Hospital, Beilishi Rd 167, Xicheng District, Beijing City, 100037, China.
| | - Shuzhen Guo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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4
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Kato J, Yamashita S, Ishiwata-Endo H, Oka S, Yu ZX, Liu C, Springer DA, Noguchi A, Peiravi M, Hoffmann V, Lizak MJ, Medearis M, Kim IK, Moss J. ADP-ribose-acceptor hydrolase 2 ( Arh2 ) deficiency results in cardiac dysfunction, tumorigenesis, inflammation, and decreased survival. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.07.527494. [PMID: 36798189 PMCID: PMC9934554 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.07.527494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
ADP-ribosylation is a reversible reaction with ADP-ribosyltransferases catalyzing the forward reaction and ADP-ribose-acceptor hydrolases (ARHs) hydrolyzing the ADP-ribose acceptor bond. ARH2 is a member of the 39-kDa ARH family (ARH1-3), which is expressed in heart and skeletal muscle. ARH2 failed to exhibit any in vitro enzymatic activity. To determine its possible in vivo activities, Arh2 -knockout (KO) and - heterozygous (Het) mice were generated using CRISPR-Cas9. Arh2 -KO mice exhibited decreased cardiac contractility by MRI, echocardiography and dobutamine stress with cardiomegaly and abnormal motor function. Arh2 -Het mice showed results similar to those seen in Arh2 -KO mice except for cardiomegaly. Arh2 -KO and -Het mice and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) developed spontaneous tumors and subcutaneous tumors in nude mice. We identified 13 mutations in Arh2 -Het MEFs and heterozygous tumors, corresponding to human ARH2 mutations in cancers obtained from COSMIC. Of interest, the L116R mutation in Arh2 gene plays a critical role in aggressive tumorigenesis in nude mice, corresponding to human ARH2 mutations in stomach adenocarcinoma. Both genders of Arh2 -KO and -Het mice showed increased unexpectedly deaths and decreased survival rate during a 24-month observation, caused by tumor, inflammation, non-inflammation (e.g., cardiomegaly, dental dysplasia), and congenital diseases. Thus, Arh2 plays a pivotal role in cardiac function, tumorigenesis, inflammation, and overall survival.
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Nie S. Use of Frogs as a Model to Study the Etiology of HLHS. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:51. [PMID: 36826547 PMCID: PMC9965361 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10020051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A frog is a classical model organism used to uncover processes and regulations of early vertebrate development, including heart development. Recently, we showed that a frog also represents a useful model to study a rare human congenital heart disease, hypoplastic left heart syndrome. In this review, we first summarized the cellular events and molecular regulations of vertebrate heart development, and the benefit of using a frog model to study congenital heart diseases. Next, we described the challenges in elucidating the etiology of hypoplastic left heart syndrome and discussed how a frog model may contribute to our understanding of the molecular and cellular bases of the disease. We concluded that a frog model offers its unique advantage in uncovering the cellular mechanisms of hypoplastic left heart syndrome; however, combining multiple model organisms, including frogs, is needed to gain a comprehensive understanding of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Nie
- School of Biological Sciences, Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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6
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Allele-specific expression analysis for complex genetic phenotypes applied to a unique dilated cardiomyopathy cohort. Sci Rep 2023; 13:564. [PMID: 36631531 PMCID: PMC9834222 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27591-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Allele-specific expression (ASE) analysis detects the relative abundance of alleles at heterozygous loci as a proxy for cis-regulatory variation, which affects the personal transcriptome and proteome. This study describes the development and application of an ASE analysis pipeline on a unique cohort of 87 well phenotyped and RNA sequenced patients from the Maastricht Cardiomyopathy Registry with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a complex genetic disorder with a remaining gap in explained heritability. Regulatory processes for which ASE is a proxy might explain this gap. We found an overrepresentation of known DCM-associated genes among the significant results across the cohort. In addition, we were able to find genes of interest that have not been associated with DCM through conventional methods such as genome-wide association or differential gene expression studies. The pipeline offers RNA sequencing data processing, individual and population level ASE analyses as well as group comparisons and several intuitive visualizations such as Manhattan plots and protein-protein interaction networks. With this pipeline, we found evidence supporting the case that cis-regulatory variation contributes to the phenotypic heterogeneity of DCM. Additionally, our results highlight that ASE analysis offers an additional layer to conventional genomic and transcriptomic analyses for candidate gene identification and biological insight.
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7
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Zhang G, Wang Z, Bavarva J, Kuhns KJ, Guo J, Ledet EM, Qian C, Lin Y, Fang Z, Zabaleta J, Valle LD, Hu JJ, Mandal D, Liu W. A Recurrent ADPRHL1 Germline Mutation Activates PARP1 and Confers Prostate Cancer Risk in African American Families. Mol Cancer Res 2022; 20:1776-1784. [PMID: 35816343 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
African American (AA) families have the highest risk of prostate cancer. However, the genetic factors contributing to prostate cancer susceptibility in AA families remain poorly understood. We performed whole-exome sequencing of one affected and one unaffected brother in an AA family with hereditary prostate cancer. The novel non-synonymous variants discovered only in the affected individuals were further analyzed in all affected and unaffected men in 20 AA-PC families. Here, we report one rare recurrent ADPRHL1 germline mutation (c.A233T; p.D78V) in four of the 20 families affected by prostate cancer. The mutation co-segregates with prostate cancer in two families and presents in two affected men in the other two families, but was absent in 170 unrelated healthy AA men. Functional characterization of the mutation in benign prostate cells showed aberrant promotion of cell proliferation, whereas expression of the wild-type ADPRHL1 in prostate cancer cells suppressed cell proliferation and oncogenesis. Mechanistically, the ADPRHL1 mutant activates PARP1, leading to an increased H2O2 or cisplatin-induced DNA damage response for prostate cancer cell survival. Indeed, the PARP1 inhibitor, olaparib, suppresses prostate cancer cell survival induced by mutant ADPRHL1. Given that the expression levels of ADPRHL1 are significantly high in normal prostate tissues and reduce stepwise as Gleason scores increase in tumors, our findings provide genetic, biochemical, and clinicopathological evidence that ADPRHL1 is a tumor suppressor in prostate tissue. A loss of function mutation in ADPRHL1 induces prostate tumorigenesis and confers prostate cancer susceptibility in high-risk AA families. IMPLICATIONS This study highlights a potential strategy for ADPRHL1 mutation detection in prostate cancer-risk assessment and a potential therapeutic application for individuals with prostate cancer in AA families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanyi Zhang
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Zemin Wang
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Jasmin Bavarva
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Katherine J Kuhns
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Jianhui Guo
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Elisa M Ledet
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Chiping Qian
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Yuan Lin
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Zhide Fang
- Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans Louisiana
| | - Jovanny Zabaleta
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Luis Del Valle
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Jennifer J Hu
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Diptasri Mandal
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Wanguo Liu
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, Louisiana
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ARH Family of ADP-Ribose-Acceptor Hydrolases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233853. [PMID: 36497109 PMCID: PMC9738213 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The ARH family of ADP-ribose-acceptor hydrolases consists of three 39-kDa members (ARH1-3), with similarities in amino acid sequence. ARH1 was identified based on its ability to cleave ADP-ribosyl-arginine synthesized by cholera toxin. Mammalian ADP-ribosyltransferases (ARTCs) mimicked the toxin reaction, with ARTC1 catalyzing the synthesis of ADP-ribosyl-arginine. ADP-ribosylation of arginine was stereospecific, with β-NAD+ as substrate and, α-anomeric ADP-ribose-arginine the reaction product. ARH1 hydrolyzed α-ADP-ribose-arginine, in addition to α-NAD+ and O-acetyl-ADP-ribose. Thus, ADP-ribose attached to oxygen-containing or nitrogen-containing functional groups was a substrate. Arh1 heterozygous and knockout (KO) mice developed tumors. Arh1-KO mice showed decreased cardiac contractility and developed myocardial fibrosis. In addition to Arh1-KO mice showed increased ADP-ribosylation of tripartite motif-containing protein 72 (TRIM72), a membrane-repair protein. ARH3 cleaved ADP-ribose from ends of the poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) chain and released the terminal ADP-ribose attached to (serine)protein. ARH3 also hydrolyzed α-NAD+ and O-acetyl-ADP-ribose. Incubation of Arh3-KO cells with H2O2 resulted in activation of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP)-1, followed by increased nuclear PAR, increased cytoplasmic PAR, leading to release of Apoptosis Inducing Factor (AIF) from mitochondria. AIF, following nuclear translocation, stimulated endonucleases, resulting in cell death by Parthanatos. Human ARH3-deficiency is autosomal recessive, rare, and characterized by neurodegeneration and early death. Arh3-KO mice developed increased brain infarction following ischemia-reperfusion injury, which was reduced by PARP inhibitors. Similarly, PARP inhibitors improved survival of Arh3-KO cells treated with H2O2. ARH2 protein did not show activity in the in vitro assays described above for ARH1 and ARH3. ARH2 has a restricted tissue distribution, with primary involvement of cardiac and skeletal muscle. Overall, the ARH family has unique functions in biological processes and different enzymatic activities.
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Li T, Chen B, Wei C, Hou D, Qin P, Jing Z, Ma H, Niu X, Wang C, Han R, Li H, Liu X, Xu H, Kang X, Li Z. A 104-bp Structural Variation of the ADPRHL1 Gene Is Associated With Growth Traits in Chickens. Front Genet 2021; 12:691272. [PMID: 34512719 PMCID: PMC8427608 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.691272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Analyzing marker-assisted breeding is an important method utilized in modern molecular breeding. Recent studies have determined that a large number of molecular markers appear to explain the impact of "lost heritability" on human height. Therefore, it is necessary to locate molecular marker sites in poultry and investigate the possible molecular mechanisms governing their effects. In this study, we found a 104-bp insertion/deletion polymorphism in the 5'UTR of the ADPRHL1 gene through resequencing. In cross-designed F2 resource groups, the indel was significantly associated with weight at 0, 2, 4, 6, and 10 weeks and a number of other traits [carcass weight (CW), semi-evisceration weight (SEW), evisceration weight (EW), claw weight (CLW), wings weight (DWW), gizzard weight (GW), pancreas weight (PW), chest muscle weight (CMW), leg weight (LW), leg muscle weight (LMW), shedding Weight (SW), liver rate (LR), and leg muscle rate (LMR)] (P < 0.05). In brief, the insertion-insertion (II) genotype was significantly associated with the greatest growth traits and meat quality traits, whereas the values associated with the insertion-deletion (ID) genotype were the lowest in the F2 reciprocal cross chickens. The mutation sites were genotyped in 4,526 individuals from 12 different chicken breeds and cross-designed F2 resource groups. The II genotype is the most important genotype in commercial broilers, and the I allele frequency observed in these breeds is relatively high. Deletion mutations tend to be fixed in commercial broilers. However, there is still considerable great potential for breeding in dual-purpose chickens and commercial laying hens. A luciferase reporter assay showed that the II genotype of the ADPRHL1 gene possessed 2.49-fold higher promoter activity than the DD genotype (P < 0.05). We hypothesized that this indel might affect the transcriptional activity of ADPRHL1, thereby affecting the growth traits of chickens. These findings may help to elucidate the function of the ADPRHL1 gene and facilitate enhanced reproduction in the chicken industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bingjie Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chengjie Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dan Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Panpan Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhu Jing
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haoran Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinran Niu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chunxiu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruili Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huifen Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhuanjian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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10
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Histone deacetylase 4 deletion broadly affects cardiac epigenetic repression and regulates transcriptional susceptibility via H3K9 methylation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 162:119-129. [PMID: 34492228 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) is a member of class IIa histone deacetylases (class IIa HDACs) and is believed to possess a low intrinsic deacetylase activity. However, HDAC4 sufficiently represses distinct transcription factors (TFs) such as the myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2). Transcriptional repression by HDAC4 has been suggested to be mediated by the recruitment of other chromatin-modifying enzymes, such as methyltransferases or class I histone deacetylases. However, this concept has not been investigated by an unbiased approach. Therefore, we studied the histone modifications H3K4me3, H3K9ac, H3K27ac, H3K9me2 and H3K27me3 in a genome-wide approach using HDAC4-deficient cardiomyocytes. We identified a general epigenetic shift from a 'repressive' to an 'active' status, characterized by an increase of H3K4me3, H3K9ac and H3K27ac and a decrease of H3K9me2 and H3K27me3. In HDAC4-deficient cardiomyocytes, MEF2 binding sites were considerably overrepresented in upregulated promoter regions of H3K9ac and H3K4me3. For example, we identified the promoter of Adprhl1 as a new genomic target of HDAC4 and MEF2. Overexpression of HDAC4 in cardiomyocytes was able to repress the transcription of the Adprhl1 promoter in the presence of the methyltransferase SUV39H1. On a genome-wide level, the decrease of H3K9 methylation did not change baseline expression but was associated with exercise-induced gene expression. We conclude that HDAC4, on the one hand, associates with activating histone modifications, such as H3K4me3 and H3K9ac. A functional consequence, on the other hand, requires an indirect regulation of H3K9me2. H3K9 hypomethylation in HDAC4 target genes ('first hit') plus a 'second hit' (e.g., exercise) determines the transcriptional response.
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11
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Smith SJ, Towers N, Demetriou K, Mohun TJ. Defective heart chamber growth and myofibrillogenesis after knockout of adprhl1 gene function by targeted disruption of the ancestral catalytic active site. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235433. [PMID: 32726316 PMCID: PMC7390403 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
ADP-ribosylhydrolase-like 1 (Adprhl1) is a pseudoenzyme expressed in the developing heart myocardium of all vertebrates. In the amphibian Xenopus laevis, knockdown of the two cardiac Adprhl1 protein species (40 and 23 kDa) causes failure of chamber outgrowth but this has only been demonstrated using antisense morpholinos that interfere with RNA-splicing. Transgenic production of 40 kDa Adprhl1 provides only part rescue of these defects. CRISPR/Cas9 technology now enables targeted mutation of the adprhl1 gene in G0-generation embryos with routine cleavage of all alleles. Testing multiple gRNAs distributed across the locus reveals exonic locations that encode critical amino acids for Adprhl1 function. The gRNA recording the highest frequency of a specific ventricle outgrowth phenotype directs Cas9 cleavage of an exon 6 sequence, where microhomology mediated end-joining biases subsequent DNA repairs towards three small in-frame deletions. Mutant alleles encode discrete loss of 1, 3 or 4 amino acids from a di-arginine (Arg271-Arg272) containing peptide loop at the centre of the ancestral ADP-ribosylhydrolase site. Thus despite lacking catalytic activity, it is the modified (adenosine-ribose) substrate binding cleft of Adprhl1 that fulfils an essential role during heart formation. Mutation results in striking loss of myofibril assembly in ventricle cardiomyocytes. The defects suggest Adprhl1 participation from the earliest stage of cardiac myofibrillogenesis and are consistent with previous MO results and Adprhl1 protein localization to actin filament Z-disc boundaries. A single nucleotide change to the gRNA sequence renders it inactive. Mice lacking Adprhl1 exons 3–4 are normal but production of the smaller ADPRHL1 species is unaffected, providing further evidence that cardiac activity is concentrated at the C-terminal protein portion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J Smith
- Heart Formation in Vertebrates Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Norma Towers
- Heart Formation in Vertebrates Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kim Demetriou
- Aquatics STP, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy J Mohun
- Heart Formation in Vertebrates Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
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12
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Abstract
ADP-ribosylation is an intricate and versatile posttranslational modification involved in the regulation of a vast variety of cellular processes in all kingdoms of life. Its complexity derives from the varied range of different chemical linkages, including to several amino acid side chains as well as nucleic acids termini and bases, it can adopt. In this review, we provide an overview of the different families of (ADP-ribosyl)hydrolases. We discuss their molecular functions, physiological roles, and influence on human health and disease. Together, the accumulated data support the increasingly compelling view that (ADP-ribosyl)hydrolases are a vital element within ADP-ribosyl signaling pathways and they hold the potential for novel therapeutic approaches as well as a deeper understanding of ADP-ribosylation as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luca Palazzo
- Institute for the Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology, National Research Council of Italy, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Ivan Ahel
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
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13
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ARH1 in Health and Disease. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020479. [PMID: 32092898 PMCID: PMC7072381 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Arginine-specific mono-adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribosylation is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)+-dependent, reversible post-translational modification involving the transfer of an ADP-ribose from NAD+ by bacterial toxins and eukaryotic ADP-ribosyltransferases (ARTs) to arginine on an acceptor protein or peptide. ADP-ribosylarginine hydrolase 1 (ARH1) catalyzes the cleavage of the ADP-ribose-arginine bond, regenerating (arginine)protein. Arginine-specific mono-ADP-ribosylation catalyzed by bacterial toxins was first identified as a mechanism of disease pathogenesis. Cholera toxin ADP-ribosylates and activates the α subunit of Gαs, a guanine nucleotide-binding protein that stimulates adenylyl cyclase activity, increasing cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), and resulting in fluid and electrolyte loss. Arginine-specific mono-ADP-ribosylation in mammalian cells has potential roles in membrane repair, immunity, and cancer. In mammalian tissues, ARH1 is a cytosolic protein that is ubiquitously expressed. ARH1 deficiency increased tumorigenesis in a gender-specific manner. In the myocardium, in response to cellular injury, an arginine-specific mono-ADP-ribosylation cycle, involving ART1 and ARH1, regulated the level and cellular distribution of ADP-ribosylated tripartite motif-containing protein 72 (TRIM72). Confirmed substrates of ARH1 in vivo are Gαs and TRIM72, however, more than a thousand proteins, ADP-ribosylated on arginine, have been identified by proteomic analysis. This review summarizes the current understanding of the properties of ARH1, e.g., bacterial toxin action, myocardial membrane repair following injury, and tumorigenesis.
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14
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Capasso M, Lasorsa VA, Cimmino F, Avitabile M, Cantalupo S, Montella A, De Angelis B, Morini M, de Torres C, Castellano A, Locatelli F, Iolascon A. Transcription Factors Involved in Tumorigenesis Are Over-Represented in Mutated Active DNA-Binding Sites in Neuroblastoma. Cancer Res 2019; 80:382-393. [PMID: 31784426 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-2883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The contribution of coding mutations to oncogenesis has been largely clarified, whereas little is known about somatic mutations in noncoding DNA and their role in driving tumors remains controversial. Here, we used an alternative approach to interpret the functional significance of noncoding somatic mutations in promoting tumorigenesis. Noncoding somatic mutations of 151 neuroblastomas were integrated with ENCODE data to locate somatic mutations in regulatory elements specifically active in neuroblastoma cells, nonspecifically active in neuroblastoma cells, and nonactive. Within these types of elements, transcription factors (TF) were identified whose binding sites were enriched or depleted in mutations. For these TFs, a gene expression signature was built to assess their implication in neuroblastoma. DNA- and RNA-sequencing data were integrated to assess the effects of those mutations on mRNA levels. The pathogenicity of mutations was significantly higher in transcription factor binding site (TFBS) of regulatory elements specifically active in neuroblastoma cells, as compared with the others. Within these elements, there were 18 over-represented TFs involved mainly in cell-cycle phase transitions and 15 under-represented TFs primarily regulating cell differentiation. A gene expression signature based on over-represented TFs correlated with poor survival and unfavorable prognostic markers. Moreover, recurrent mutations in TFBS of over-represented TFs such as EZH2 affected MCF2L and ADP-ribosylhydrolase like 1 expression, among the others. We propose a novel approach to study the involvement of regulatory variants in neuroblastoma that could be extended to other cancers and provide further evidence that alterations of gene expression may have relevant effects in neuroblastoma development. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings propose a novel approach to study regulatory variants in neuroblastoma and suggest that noncoding somatic mutations have relevant implications in neuroblastoma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Capasso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy. .,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy.,IRCCS SDN, Napoli, Italy
| | - Vito Alessandro Lasorsa
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy
| | - Flora Cimmino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy
| | - Marianna Avitabile
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Annalaura Montella
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy.,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy
| | - Biagio De Angelis
- Department of Pediatric Haematology and Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Roma, Italy
| | - Martina Morini
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Carmen de Torres
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Department of Oncology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aurora Castellano
- Department of Pediatric Haematology and Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Roma, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Pediatric Haematology and Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Roma, Italy.,Department of Paediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy
| | - Achille Iolascon
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy. .,CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Napoli, Italy
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15
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Sequence variants with large effects on cardiac electrophysiology and disease. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4803. [PMID: 31641117 PMCID: PMC6805929 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12682-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Features of the QRS complex of the electrocardiogram, reflecting ventricular depolarisation, associate with various physiologic functions and several pathologic conditions. We test 32.5 million variants for association with ten measures of the QRS complex in 12 leads, using 405,732 electrocardiograms from 81,192 Icelanders. We identify 190 associations at 130 loci, the majority of which have not been reported before, including associations with 21 rare or low-frequency coding variants. Assessment of genes expressed in the heart yields an additional 13 rare QRS coding variants at 12 loci. We find 51 unreported associations between the QRS variants and echocardiographic traits and cardiovascular diseases, including atrial fibrillation, complete AV block, heart failure and supraventricular tachycardia. We demonstrate the advantage of in-depth analysis of the QRS complex in conjunction with other cardiovascular phenotypes to enhance our understanding of the genetic basis of myocardial mass, cardiac conduction and disease. Aberrant morphology of the QRS complex in an electrocardiogram can be associated with cardiac morbidity and mortality. Here, the authors perform genome-wide association studies for ten measures of the QRS complex in 81,192 individuals and find 86 previously unreported loci that associate with at least one parameter.
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16
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López-Unzu MA, Durán AC, Soto-Navarrete MT, Sans-Coma V, Fernández B. Differential expression of myosin heavy chain isoforms in cardiac segments of gnathostome vertebrates and its evolutionary implications. Front Zool 2019; 16:18. [PMID: 31198434 PMCID: PMC6558913 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-019-0318-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Immunohistochemical studies of hearts from the lesser spotted dogfish, Scyliorhinus canicula (Chondrichthyes) revealed that the pan-myosin heavy chain (pan-MyHC) antibody MF20 homogeneously labels all the myocardium, while the pan-MyHC antibody A4.1025 labels the myocardium of the inflow (sinus venosus and atrium) but not the outflow (ventricle and conus arteriosus) cardiac segments, as opposed to other vertebrates. We hypothesized that the conventional pattern of cardiac MyHC isoform distribution present in most vertebrates, i.e. MYH6 in the inflow and MYH7 in the outflow segments, has evolved from a primitive pattern that persists in Chondrichthyes. In order to test this hypothesis, we conducted protein detection techniques to identify the MyHC isoforms expressed in adult dogfish cardiac segments and to assess the pan-MyHC antibodies reactivity against the cardiac segments of representative species from different vertebrate groups. Results Western and slot blot results confirmed the specificity of MF20 and A4.1025 for MyHC in dogfish and their differential reactivity against distinct myocardial segments. HPLC-ESI-MS/MS and ESI-Quadrupole-Orbitrap revealed abundance of MYH6 and MYH2 in the inflow and of MYH7 and MYH7B in the outflow segments. Immunoprecipitation showed higher affinity of A4.1025 for MYH2 and MYH6 than for MYH7 and almost no affinity for MYH7B. Immunohistochemistry showed that A4.1025 signals are restricted to the inflow myocardial segments of elasmobranchs, homogeneous in all myocardial segments of teleosts and acipenseriforms, and low in the ventricle of polypteriforms. Conclusions The cardiac inflow and outflow segments of the dogfish show predominance of fast- and slow-twitch MyHC isoforms respectively, what can be considered a synapomorphy of gnathostomes. The myocardium of the dogfish contains two isomyosins (MYH2 and MYH7B) not expressed in the adult heart of other vertebrates. We propose that these isomyosins lost their function in cardiac contraction during the evolution of gnathostomes, the later acquiring a regulatory role in myogenesis through its intronic miRNA. Loss of MYH2 and MYH7B expression in the heart possibly occurred before the origin of Osteichthyes, being the latter reacquired in polypteriforms. We raise the hypothesis that the slow tonic MYH7B facilitates the peristaltic contraction of the conus arteriosus of fish with a primitive cardiac anatomical design and of the vertebrate embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A López-Unzu
- 1Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, España.,2Instituto de Biomedicina de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Ana Carmen Durán
- 1Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, España.,2Instituto de Biomedicina de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - María Teresa Soto-Navarrete
- 1Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, España.,2Instituto de Biomedicina de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Valentín Sans-Coma
- 1Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, España.,2Instituto de Biomedicina de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Borja Fernández
- 1Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, España.,2Instituto de Biomedicina de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.,CIBERCV Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Málaga, Spain
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17
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Cho E, Kang H, Kang DK, Lee Y. Myocardial-specific ablation of Jumonji and AT-rich interaction domain-containing 2 ( Jarid2) leads to dilated cardiomyopathy in mice. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:4981-4996. [PMID: 30700554 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy is a common myocardial disease that can lead to sudden death. However, molecular mechanisms underlying cardiomyopathy remain unclear. Jumonji and AT-rich interaction domain-containing 2 (Jarid2) is necessary for embryonic heart development, but functions of Jarid2 after birth remain to be elucidated. Here, we report that myocardial-specific deletion of Jarid2 using αMHC::Cre mice (Jarid2 αMHC) causes dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and premature death 6-9 months after birth. To determine functions of Jarid2 in the adult heart and DCM, we analyzed gene expression in the heart at postnatal day (p)10 (neonatal) and 7 months (DCM). Pathway analyses revealed that dysregulated genes in Jarid2 αMHC hearts at p10, prior to cardiomyopathy, represented heart development and muscle contraction pathways. At 7 months, down-regulated genes in Jarid2 αMHC hearts were enriched in metabolic process and ion channel activity pathways and up-regulated genes in extracellular matrix components. In normal hearts, expression levels of contractile genes were increased from p10 to 7 months but were not sufficiently increased in Jarid2 αMHC hearts. Moreover, Jarid2 was also necessary to repress fetal contractile genes such as TroponinI1, slow skeletal type (Tnni1) and Actin alpha 2, smooth muscle (Acta2) in neonatal stages through ErbB2-receptor tyrosine kinase 4 (ErbB4) signaling. Interestingly, Ankyrin repeat domain 1 (Ankrd1) and Neuregulin 1 (Nrg1), whose expression levels are known to be increased in the failing heart, were already elevated in Jarid2 αMHC hearts within 1 month of birth. Thus, we demonstrate that ablation of Jarid2 in cardiomyocytes results in DCM and suggest that Jarid2 plays important roles in cardiomyocyte maturation during neonatal stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjin Cho
- From the Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology.,the Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Graduate Program, and
| | - HyunJun Kang
- the National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705 and
| | - Dae-Ki Kang
- the Department of Computer Engineering, Dongseo University, Busan 47011, South Korea
| | - Youngsook Lee
- From the Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, .,the Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Graduate Program, and
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18
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Rack JGM, Ariza A, Drown BS, Henfrey C, Bartlett E, Shirai T, Hergenrother PJ, Ahel I. (ADP-ribosyl)hydrolases: Structural Basis for Differential Substrate Recognition and Inhibition. Cell Chem Biol 2018; 25:1533-1546.e12. [PMID: 30472116 PMCID: PMC6309922 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein ADP-ribosylation is a highly dynamic post-translational modification. The rapid turnover is achieved, among others, by ADP-(ribosyl)hydrolases (ARHs), an ancient family of enzymes that reverses this modification. Recently ARHs came into focus due to their role as regulators of cellular stresses and tumor suppressors. Here we present a comprehensive structural analysis of the enzymatically active family members ARH1 and ARH3. These two enzymes have very distinct substrate requirements. Our data show that binding of the adenosine ribose moiety is highly diverged between the two enzymes, whereas the active sites harboring the distal ribose closely resemble each other. Despite this apparent similarity, we elucidate the structural basis for the selective inhibition of ARH3 by the ADP-ribose analogues ADP-HPD and arginine-ADP-ribose. Together, our biochemical and structural work provides important insights into the mode of enzyme-ligand interaction, helps to understand differences in their catalytic behavior, and provides useful tools for targeted drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Ariza
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Bryon S Drown
- University of Illinois, Department of Chemistry, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Callum Henfrey
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Edward Bartlett
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK; Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki Hashikamicho, Sakyo Ward, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Shirai
- University of Illinois, Department of Chemistry, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | | | - Ivan Ahel
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK.
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19
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Nakamura N, Vijay V, Desai VG, Hansen DK, Han T, Chang CW, Chen YC, Harrouk W, McIntyre B, Foster PM, Fuscoe JC, Inselman AL. Transcript profiling in the testes and prostates of postnatal day 30 Sprague-Dawley rats exposed prenatally and lactationally to 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 82:111-123. [PMID: 30316929 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (HMB) is an ultraviolet light-absorbing compound that is used in sunscreens, cosmetics and plastics. HMB has been reported to have weak estrogenic activity by in vivo and in vitro studies, making it a chemical with potential reproductive concern. To explore if prenatal and lactational HMB exposure alters gene expression profiles of the developing reproductive organs, we performed microarray analysis using the prostate and testis of postnatal day (PND) 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats offspring exposed to 0, 3000, or 30,000 ppm of HMB from gestational day 6 through PND 21. Gene expression profiles of the prostate and testis were differentially affected by HMB dose with significant alterations observed at the 30,000 ppm HMB group. Tissue-specific gene expression was also identified. These genes, whose expression was altered by HMB exposure, may be considered as candidate biomarker(s) for testicular or prostatic toxicity; however, further studies are necessary to explore this potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Nakamura
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States.
| | - Vikrant Vijay
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - Varsha G Desai
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - Deborah K Hansen
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - Tao Han
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - Ching-Wei Chang
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - Yu-Chuan Chen
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - Wafa Harrouk
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States
| | - Barry McIntyre
- National Toxicology Program, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - Paul M Foster
- National Toxicology Program, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - James C Fuscoe
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - Amy L Inselman
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
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20
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Bu X, Kato J, Moss J. Emerging roles of ADP-ribosyl-acceptor hydrolases (ARHs) in tumorigenesis and cell death pathways. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 167:44-49. [PMID: 30267646 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Malignant transformation may occur in the background of post-translational modification, such as ADP-ribosylation, phosphorylation and acetylation. Recent genomic analysis of ADP-ribosylation led to the discovery of more than twenty ADP-ribosyltransferases (ARTs), which catalyze either mono- or poly-ADP-ribosylation. ARTs catalyze the attachment of ADP-ribose to acceptor molecules. The ADP-ribose-acceptor bond can then be cleaved by a family of hydrolases in a substrate-specific manner, which is dependent on the acceptor and its functional group, e.g., arginine (guanidino), serine (hydroxyl), aspartate (carboxyl). These hydrolases vary in structure and function, and include poly-ADP-ribose glycohydrolase (PARG), MacroD1, MacroD2, terminal ADP-ribose protein glycohydrolase 1 (TARG1) and ADP-ribosyl-acceptor hydrolases (ARHs). In murine models, PARG deficiency increased susceptibility to alkylating agents-induced carcinogenesis. Similarly, by cleaving mono-ADP-ribosylated arginine on target proteins, ARH1 appears to inhibit tumor formation, suggesting that ARH1 is a tumor-suppressor gene. Although ARH3 is similar to ARH1 in amino acid sequence and crystal structure, ARH3 does not cleave ADP-ribose-arginine, rather it degrades in an exocidic manner, the PAR polymer and cleaves O-acetyl-ADP-ribose (OAADPr) and the ADP-ribose-serine linkage in acceptor proteins. Under conditions of oxidative stress, ARH3-deficient cells showed increased cytosolic PAR accumulation and PARP-1 mediated cell death. These findings expand our understanding of ADP-ribosylation and provide new therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. In the present review, research on ARH1-regulated tumorigenesis and cell death pathways that are enhanced by ARH3 deficiency are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangning Bu
- Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1590, USA
| | - Jiro Kato
- Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1590, USA
| | - Joel Moss
- Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1590, USA.
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Maayah ZH, Levasseur J, Siva Piragasam R, Abdelhamid G, Dyck JRB, Fahlman RP, Siraki AG, El-Kadi AOS. 2-Methoxyestradiol protects against pressure overload-induced left ventricular hypertrophy. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2780. [PMID: 29426916 PMCID: PMC5807528 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20613-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous experimental studies have supported the evidence that 2-methoxyestradiol (2 ME) is a biologically active metabolite that mediates multiple effects on the cardiovascular system, largely independent of the estrogen receptor. 2 ME is a major cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) metabolite and has been reported to have vasoprotective and anti-inflammatory actions. However, whether 2 ME would prevent cardiac hypertrophy induced by abdominal aortic constriction (AAC) has not been investigated yet. Therefore, the overall objectives of the present study were to elucidate the potential antihypertrophic effect of 2 ME and explore the mechanism(s) involved. Our results showed that 2 ME significantly inhibited AAC-induced left ventricular hypertrophy using echocardiography. The antihypertrophic effect of 2 ME was associated with a significant inhibition of CYP1B1 and mid-chain hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids. Based on proteomics data, the protective effect of 2 ME is linked to the induction of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory proteins in addition to the modulation of proteins involved in myocardial energy metabolism. In vitro, 2 ME has shown a direct antihypertrophic effect through mitogen-activated protein kinases- and nuclear factor-κB-dependent mechanisms. The present work shows a strong evidence that 2 ME protects against left ventricular hypertrophy. Our data suggest the potential of repurposing 2 ME as a selective CYP1B1 inhibitor for the treatment of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaid H Maayah
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Jody Levasseur
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ramanaguru Siva Piragasam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Ghada Abdelhamid
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Jason R B Dyck
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Richard P Fahlman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Arno G Siraki
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Ayman O S El-Kadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E1, Canada.
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