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Biresaw MS, Irawan A, Halász P, Szucs A. Unfavorable public attitude toward people with epilepsy in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis study. Epilepsia Open 2023; 8:1054-1063. [PMID: 37394990 PMCID: PMC10472419 DOI: 10.1002/epi4.12785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to show the pooled prevalence of unfavorable public attitude toward people with epilepsy (UPATPWE) as well as the effect estimates of associated factors in Ethiopia. METHODS Between December 1 and 31, 2022, we searched for the English version of published research reports on public attitude toward epilepsy in Ethiopia in PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and PsycINFO. The research reports' quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We extracted the relevant information from the searched papers in a Microsoft Excel format and imported it to STATA version 15.0, for analysis. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) reports guideline was used. A random-effects meta-analysis model was used to estimate the Der Simonian and Laird's pooled prevalence of unfavorable public attitude and its associated factors. RESULTS Nine out of the accessed 104 research papers meeting the pre-specified criteria were included in this study. The overall pooled prevalence of UPATPWE in Ethiopia is 52.06 (95% CI: 37.54, 66.59), resulting in excommunication, physical punishments, and assaults against people with epilepsy as well as frequent lack of diagnosis and proper treatment. The pooled effect estimates for witnessing a seizure episode were done and it was (AOR = 2.70 [95% CI: 1.13, 6.46]). SIGNIFICANCE As interventions and new strategies to change attitudes and facilitate a supportive, positive, and socially inclusive environment for PWE may root in education and scientific research outputs, our result hopefully evokes the policy makers' attention for building a well-designed and comprehensive health education and campaign strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anggi Irawan
- Doctoral School of Mental Health SciencesSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Peter Halász
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Pécs Medical SchoolPécsHungary
- Epilepsy CenterNational Institute of NeurosurgeryBudapestHungary
| | - Anna Szucs
- Department of Behavioral SciencesSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
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Yu Q, Ying YQ, Lu PP, Sun MT, Zhu ZL, Xu ZYR, Guo Y. Evaluation of the knowledge, awareness, and attitudes toward epilepsy among nurses. Epilepsy Behav 2022; 136:108920. [PMID: 36166878 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.108920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The standard of care provided to patients with chronic epilepsy might be affected by clinical nurses' understanding, awareness, and attitudes toward the condition. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, awareness, and attitudes toward chronic epilepsy among clinical nurses in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China. METHODS Two hundred and thirty-eight nurses from the neurosurgery, neurology, epilepsy center, other internal medicine and other surgery department working at our hospital participated in this descriptive and cross-sectional study in 2022. The data were collected through an electronic questionnaire, which comprised four domains including demographic and clinical epilepsy-related questions, awareness of epilepsy section, 18 items for knowledge and a 15-item scale for attitudes. Mann-Whitney U tests, Kruskal-Wallis H tests, post hoc analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the non-normal distribution of the dataset. RESULTS The clinical nurses' average score on the awareness of epilepsy section was 14.93 ± 2.69 (maximum score: 20), the knowledge of epilepsy section scored 15.41 ± 2.30 (maximum score: 18), and the epilepsy attitude section scored 30.65 ± 7.40. The knowledge and awareness accuracy of the responses to the epilepsy-related questions were positively and significantly correlated (r = 0.251, p < 0.001). The multiple linear regression model found that the department (p < 0.001) and rank (p = 0.015) of nurses were independently associated with awareness toward epilepsy. Meanwhile, there was a statistically significant difference between the departments of nurses and accuracy on the Epilepsy Knowledge Scale (H = 18.340, p < 0.001). In addition, 92.77% of nurses agreed that people with chronic epilepsy have the same rights as all people. Unfortunately, over 30% of nurses maintained an uncertain attitude toward the employment, marriage, and emotion related to epilepsy. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that nurses had a general awareness and understanding of epilepsy, attitudes toward epilepsy. Specifically, nurses working in the Neurology Department and the Epilepsy Center were predisposed to have a considerably better level of awareness and knowledge of epilepsy. Additionally, as their understanding of epilepsy grew, so did their sensitivity to those who suffer from the condition. The study also recommends that epilepsy experts deliver additional lectures and training sessions to enhance nurses' knowledge of first-aid for seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Yu
- Nursing Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Qi Ying
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pan-Pan Lu
- Department of General Practice and International Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Tian Sun
- Department of General Practice and International Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhou-le Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zheng-Yan-Ran Xu
- Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of General Practice and International Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Neurology, Epilepsy Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Zhang Q, Li W, Li E, Yang X, Hao N, Yan B, Zhou D, Hao X. Disease awareness and dietary habits of patients with epilepsy in western China: a cross-sectional study. ACTA EPILEPTOLOGICA 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s42494-021-00065-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The optimal management of epilepsy includes engaging patients through education on knowledge of the disease, its treatment and diet control.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional survey-based cohort study, aimed to investigate the awareness of epilepsy in Chinese patients and to understand their dietary habits. Participants were consecutively enrolled from epileptic patients treated in a single epilepsy center from October 1, 2019 to February 29, 2020. A self-reported questionnaire (Cronbach’s α = 0.758) consisting of 3 parts was sent to 407 patients with epilepsy. The questionnaire included items on demographic information, epilepsy features, awareness of epilepsy treatment and dietary habits.
Results
About half of the patients (53.8%, 219/407) thought epilepsy was curable and only 80% knew that the first choice of treatment is medication. While 58.6% of the patients with low educational level preferred the use of antiepileptic drugs (p = 0.014), 52.7% believed that the medication should not be stopped immediately after seizure control (p = 0.026), especially after surgery (40.5%, p = 0.011). Patients with lower household monthly incomes had less awareness of the use of antiepileptic drugs than patients with higher incomes: only 39.2 and 49.8% of patients with lower incomes thought that the drugs could be stopped after epilepsy surgery or seizure control, respectively, compared to 51.6 and 66.1% with higher incomes. Alcohol (86.2%), caffeine (56.8%) and strong tea (49.1%) were top three foods considered by the patients to be avoided to prevent seizures. Approximately 30.2% of patients identified at least one food that made them susceptible to seizures.
Conclusions
Patient education on epilepsy, antiepileptic drugs and diet for management of seizures should be provided especially to patients with less education, lower income or inaccurate beliefs of epilepsy in Western China.
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Henning O, Buer C, Nakken KO, Lossius MI. People with epilepsy still feel stigmatized. Acta Neurol Scand 2021; 144:312-316. [PMID: 33961282 DOI: 10.1111/ane.13449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Those affected with epilepsy have long been subject to stigmatization. This may have manifold negative effects, for example social isolation, low self-esteem, reduced quality of life and worsening of seizures. In Norway educational programs have been arranged at the National Centre for Epilepsy, aiming at reducing stigma and shame associated with epilepsy, and thereby increase the quality of life for those affected and their families. Thus, we wanted to explore the extent of self-reported perceived stigma and experienced discrimination in a Norwegian cohort with epilepsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a web-based questionnaire survey in Norway. Participants were asked to provide background and epilepsy-related information. In addition, they were encouraged to answer questions regarding felt stigmatization in different situations and to rate stigma according to the Jacoby stigma scale. RESULTS Of 1182 respondents, 56% reported to have felt being stigmatized, and 35% reported to have experienced discrimination solely on the ground of the disease. 70% of respondents reported at least one type of perceived or experienced stigma. After controlling for gender, age, perceived depression and seizure freedom, reports of experienced stigmatization was a statistically significant independent predictor for reduced quality of life. CONCLUSIONS A considerable proportion of people with epilepsy in Norway feel stigmatized and/or subject to discrimination, which negatively affects their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Henning
- National Centre for Epilepsy Division of Clinical Neuroscience Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
| | | | - Karl O. Nakken
- National Centre for Epilepsy Division of Clinical Neuroscience Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
| | - Morten I. Lossius
- National Centre for Epilepsy Division of Clinical Neuroscience Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
- Clinical Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway
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Zhong R, Chen Q, Li M, Li N, Zhang X, Lin W. Sex differences in anxiety in patients with epilepsy: Status and risk factors analysis. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 116:107801. [PMID: 33578225 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.107801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evidence has indicated that there may be sex differences in the prevalence of and risk factors for anxiety in patients with epilepsy (PWE). The prevalence and risk factors for anxiety in male and female PWE in Northeast China were investigated. METHODS A consecutive cohort of patients with epilepsy (PWE) from the First Hospital of Jilin University was recruited. Anxiety symptoms were assessed using the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 questionnaire (GAD-7; Chinese version). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to confirm independent risk factors for anxiety in male and female patients. RESULTS Anxiety was prevalent in 28.2% (n = 162) of the total sample of patients, in 23.2% (n = 79) of males, and in 35.5% (n = 83) of females. Younger age (P = 0.033), higher seizure frequency over the last year (P = 0.003), and higher C-NDDI-E scores (P = 0.001) were risk factors for anxiety in males with epilepsy. Only higher C-NDDI-E scores (P = 0.001) had an independent effect on the risk of anxiety in females with epilepsy. CONCLUSION Anxiety is a common psychiatric comorbidity among PWE. There were sex differences in the prevalence and risk factors for anxiety in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhong
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qingling Chen
- Department of Hepatology, Second People's Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Weihong Lin
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Elliot VL, Morgan D, Kosteniuk J, Froehlich Chow A, Bayly M. Health-related stigma of noncommunicable neurological disease in rural adult populations: A scoping review. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2019; 27:e158-e188. [PMID: 30548727 PMCID: PMC6619253 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Stigma is a widely recognised public health issue. Many people with neurological disease and their families experience stigmatisation, adding to their burden of illness. Rural populations are typically small, lack anonymity, and often have a higher proportion of older adults with inadequate access to specialised services and resources. Although generally isolated, rural areas can offer benefits such as a sense of familiarity and interconnectedness. The purpose of this scoping review was to map the existing evidence on stigma associated with non-communicable neurological disease in rural adult populations and identify key findings and gaps in the literature. Our literature search of peer-reviewed English language articles published from 1 January 1992 to 22 June 2017 was conducted across five databases yielding 8,209 results. After duplicate removal, pairs of reviewers independently screened 6,436 studies according to inclusion criteria developed a priori; 36 articles were identified for inclusion in this review. Study characteristics were described and illustrated by frequency distribution, findings were grouped thematically, and each of the five types of stigma were identified (social, self, health professional, associative, structural). Four factors influencing stigma (knowledge, familiarity, beliefs, and rurality) and four overarching stigma-related themes (concealment; exclusion; disempowerment, discrimination, and unequal opportunities; and issues related to healthcare systems and providers) emerged. In urban-rural comparison studies, rural residents were generally less knowledgeable about the neurological disease and more stigmatised. The impact of other factors (i.e., gender, age, and education) on stigma varied and are stated where associations were reported. Three main gaps were identified including: low attention to stigma related to neurological diseases other than epilepsy, limited cross-cultural comparisons of stigma related to neurological disease, and inclusion of gender as a variable in the analysis of stigma-related outcomes in only half of the reviewed studies. Further research is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie L. Elliot
- Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in AgricultureUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada
| | - Debra Morgan
- Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in AgricultureUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada
| | - Julie Kosteniuk
- Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in AgricultureUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada
| | - Amanda Froehlich Chow
- Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in AgricultureUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada
| | - Melanie Bayly
- Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in AgricultureUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada
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Yang K, He Y, Xiao B, Wang J, Feng L. Knowledge, attitudes and practice towards epilepsy among medical staff in Southern China: Does the level of hospitals make a difference? Seizure 2019; 69:221-227. [PMID: 31112828 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess knowledge, attitudes, and practice (KAP) toward epilepsy among medical staff from different levels of hospitals in Southern China. METHOD An adapted and structured questionnaire was administered to medical personnel from tertiary (n = 451) and basic-level (n = 448) hospitals in Southern China. The questionnaire comprised of three domains which consisted of 6 items for awareness, 12 items for knowledge and a 14 item scale for attitudes. RESULTS Almost 40% of medical staff in basic-level hospitals held that epilepsy could be caused by evil spirits/eyes, or transmitted from other patients, which was almost 6 times higher than that of tertiary hospitals. The mean score from general knowledge about epilepsy was higher among medical staff in tertiary hospitals than in basic-level hospitals. The mean scores in the general and personal domain of the Chinese Public Attitudes Toward Epilepsy (CPATE) scale were both significantly lower among medical staff in tertiary hospitals, when compared to those of basic-level hospitals. CONCLUSIONS The overall KAP from medical staff in response to seizures, was found to be better in tertiary hospitals than those of basic-level hospitals in Southern China, which was associated with the education level and impact of traditional culture. To date, there is a need for effective public intervention programs in China to improve the awareness of epilepsy and reduce discrimination among medical workers, especially for those working in basic-level hospitals in rural regions, to finally promote a better living environment for patients with epilepsy in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yue He
- Department of Medical Record and Information, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Li Feng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Xiao X, Si Y, Mo Q, Liu Y, Li C, Zhao J, Ma S, Si L, Xi Z, Chen L, Wu D, He Q, Hu M, Zhang C, Sun H. Development and validation of the Chinese Version of the Adult Epilepsy Self-Management Scale (C-ESMS) in Western China. Epilepsy Res 2018; 144:43-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2018.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Alhagamhmad MH, Shembesh NM. Investigating the awareness, behavior, and attitude toward epilepsy among university students in Benghazi, Libya. Epilepsy Behav 2018; 83:22-27. [PMID: 29635116 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2018.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the level of knowledge regarding epilepsy and attitudes prevalent toward people with epilepsy (PWE) among Libyan university students in comparison with international data. METHODS A self-administrated questionnaire on awareness regarding epilepsy and behaviors toward PWE was distributed among undergraduate students enrolled in the University of Benghazi. The collected data were analyzed against responses from an Italian survey that utilized a similar questionnaire to explore epilepsy-related knowledge and attitudes among Italian university students in Rome (Mecarelli et al., 2007). RESULTS Out of the 500 interviewed students, 96% successfully completed the survey. Further, 96.6% asserted that they possessed some knowledge regarding epilepsy, gained mainly from their families (76.6%). A total of 57.5% considered epilepsy to be a psychiatric disorder while 11.6% recommended psychological tests for the diagnosis of epilepsy. Moreover, 37.5% believed in ancient superstitions, such as possession by evil forces, as the underlying cause of the condition, and 31.8% recommended traditional remedies to cure it. Further, 66.6% deemed epilepsy as a barrier for career prospects, 41% indicated that it presents an impediment in participation in sports, and 35% considered it as an obstacle in marriage. Additionally, epilepsy was perceived as a severe illness by 53.3% of the respondents and considered to be a moderately severe condition by 43.7%. The responses were found to be statistically significant (P<0.05) against the responses from the Italian study. CONCLUSION There is a reasonable level of awareness regarding epilepsy among Libyan students, though a lack of accuracy in the acquired knowledge exists. The ancient misconceptions regarding the nature of epilepsy and negative attitudes toward PWE appear to be rather common among the Libyan students. Consequently, the discrepancies in the views between the two surveys concerning the ways in which epilepsy is perceived and PWE are treated were extremely evident, thus reflecting the already established view that epilepsy faces greater stigma as a health condition in developing countries in comparison with Western nations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moftah H Alhagamhmad
- University of Benghazi (Al-Arab Medical), Faculty of Medicine, Paediatric discipline, Benghazi, Libya; Benghazi Children's Hospital, Benghazi, Libya.
| | - Nuri M Shembesh
- University of Benghazi (Al-Arab Medical), Faculty of Medicine, Paediatric discipline, Benghazi, Libya; Benghazi Children's Hospital, Benghazi, Libya
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Boling W, Means M, Fletcher A. Quality of Life and Stigma in Epilepsy, Perspectives from Selected Regions of Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. Brain Sci 2018; 8:brainsci8040059. [PMID: 29614761 PMCID: PMC5924395 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci8040059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is an important and common worldwide public health problem that affects people of all ages. A significant number of individuals with epilepsy will be intractable to medication. These individuals experience an elevated mortality rate and negative psychosocial consequences of recurrent seizures. Surgery of epilepsy is highly effective to stop seizures in well-selected individuals, and seizure freedom is the most desirable result of epilepsy treatment due to the positive improvements in psychosocial function and the elimination of excess mortality associated with intractable epilepsy. Globally, there is inadequate data to fully assess epilepsy-related quality of life and stigma, although the preponderance of information we have points to a significant negative impact on people with epilepsy (PWE) and families of PWE. This review of the psychosocial impact of epilepsy focuses on regions of Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa that have been analyzed with population study approaches to determine the prevalence of epilepsy, treatment gaps, as well as factors impacting psychosocial function of PWE and their families. This review additionally identifies models of care for medically intractable epilepsy that have potential to significantly improve psychosocial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warren Boling
- Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA.
| | - Margaret Means
- School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
| | - Anita Fletcher
- Department of Neurology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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Chen C, Yuan Z. Prevalence and risk factors for prehypertension and hypertension among adults in Central China from 2000-2011. Clin Exp Hypertens 2018. [PMID: 29513624 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2018.1431252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is frequently studied in surveys; however, prehypertension, a new blood pressure status between normotension and hypertension, is rarely reported. METHODS All data were derived from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) and were analysed by logistic regression for correlation. RESULTS The prehypertension prevalence was 27.4%, with a hypertension rate of 36.9%. The awareness, treatment, and uncontrolled rates among all hypertension participates were 19.8%, 83.6%, and 55.0%, respectively. The epidemic rate of hypertension increased with increasing age (p < 0.001), and prehypertension appeared to have an epidemic peak in the age group of 38-57 years (p < 0.001). In general, the incidence of hypertension in urban participants was higher than in rural subjects (p < 0.001), and prehypertension in urban subjects was lower than that in rural subjects (p < 0.001). According to the results of logistic regression, hypertension and prehypertension were associated with age, gender, location, body mass index (BMI), body fat rate (BFR), waist circumference (WC), education, and the intake of energy-yielding nutrients<0.05). CONCLUSION The current study reveals a high epidemic rate of hypertension and prehypertension in Central China. These results indicate the urgent need to develop strategies to improve the prevention of hypertension and prehypertension in Central China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoying Chen
- a School of Health Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan , Hubei , P. R. of China
| | - Zhanpeng Yuan
- a School of Health Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan , Hubei , P. R. of China
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Zhou T, Wang N, Xu L, Huang H, Yu C, Zhou H. Effects of carbamazepine combined with vitamin B12 on levels of plasma homocysteine, hs-CRP and TNF-α in patients with epilepsy. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:2327-2332. [PMID: 29563977 PMCID: PMC5854944 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of carbamazepine combined with vitamin B12 in epilepsy treatment by comparing levels of plasma homocysteine (Hcy), serum TNF-α and hs-CRP in patients with epilepsy before and after treatment was investigated. Fifty-eight patients with epilepsy who were admitted and received treatment in The First People's Hospital of Xuzhou were recruited as subjects, and fifty-eight healthy volunteers were recruited as the control group. Patients were treated with carbamazepine combined with vitamin B12 for a period of three months. The mRNA and protein levels of TNF-α and hs-CRP in serum were measured before and after treatment using semi-quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. The plasma Hcy levels were measured as well. Within one year after the 3-month treatment, the frequency and duration of seizure were tracked. After treatment with carbamazepine combined with vitamin B12 for patients with epilepsy, the Hcy level was significantly higher than that before treatment and that in the control group (P<0.01). The mRNA and protein levels of TNF-α and hs-CRP in serum were significantly higher in patients than that in healthy people (P<0.01). After treatment these levels were reduced (P<0.01), but still higher than those in healthy people (P<0.05, P<0.01). After treatment, the frequency and duration of seizures were all reduced (P<0.05, P<0.01). The results suggested that carbamazepine combined with vitamin B12 was effective in treatment of epilepsy by reducing levels of TNF-α and hs-CRP in the serum, but had a risk of increasing the Hcy level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchi Zhou
- School of Clinical Medicine, Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222002, P.R. China
| | - Nuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Hongli Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Chunyu Yu
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
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Tedrus GMAS, Pereira RB, Zoppi M. Epilepsy, stigma, and family. Epilepsy Behav 2018; 78:265-268. [PMID: 29126703 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is surrounded by prejudice and stigma. Little is known about the perception of stigma by cohabiting relatives (CR) of people with epilepsy (PWE). The study investigated whether the Stigma Scale of Epilepsy (SSE) scores of 90 CR and 148 adult PWE were related to the PWE's clinical aspects and QOLIE-31 at a significance level of p<0.05. The SSE scores of the CR were equivalent to those of PWE dyads (ICC=0.385, p=0.001). Cohabiting relatives of PWE with depressive disorder perceived more stigma (t-test: p=0.038). Higher perceived stigma by PWE was significantly related to exclusively generalized seizures (p=0.005), longer disease duration (p=0.002), and higher perception of stigma by CR in the linear regression model. Both PWE and CR have high perception of stigma, which is related to clinical aspects. Higher perceptions of stigma by PWE and CR are associated with worse QoL in PWE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mariana Zoppi
- Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Zhao T, Gao Y, Zhu X, Wang N, Chen Y, Zhang J, He G, Feng Y, Xu J, Han X, Zhang J. Awareness, attitudes toward epilepsy, and first aid knowledge of seizures of hospital staff in Henan, China. Epilepsy Behav 2017; 74:144-148. [PMID: 28738284 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate awareness of, attitudes toward, and first aid knowledge of seizures of hospital staff in Henan, China. METHOD Two hundred nineteen hospital staff, including doctors, nurses, medical technicians, logisticians, and executives working at tertiary hospitals in Henan, China, completed the survey from March to September in 2016. The data comprised the demographic data section, awareness of epilepsy section, attitude toward epilepsy section, and first aid knowledge of seizure attack section. RESULTS The participants obtained a mean score of 7.48±1.705 on the awareness of epilepsy section, and a mean score of 5.32±1.165 on the first aid knowledge of seizure attacks section. There were significant correlations between educational level (r=0.187, P=0.006), occupation (r=-0.244, P=0.000), and attitudes toward patients with epilepsy (r=0.351, P=0.000) with the awareness of epilepsy. There were significant correlations between age (r=0.170, P=0.014), educational status (r=0.139, P=0.040), and professional titles (r=0.197, P=0.004) with the first aid knowledge of seizures. CONCLUSION The study showed that hospital staff had a moderate level of knowledge regarding epilepsy, and they generally displayed a positive attitude. It was also determined that as the awareness of epilepsy increased, they displayed more positive attitudes toward patients with epilepsy. The study also suggests that specialists working on epilepsy should provide more lectures and educational sessions to improve the knowledge of and attitude toward epilepsy and first aid knowledge of seizures among hospital staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Yajuan Gao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Xuerui Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Yanan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Guinv He
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Xiong Han
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
| | - Jiewen Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
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Wu X, Su Y, Liu W, Jia X, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Wang G. Diagnostic value and prognostic evaluation of dynamic video-electroencephalogram monitoring in children with epilepsy. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:2527-2530. [PMID: 28962191 PMCID: PMC5609305 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The diagnostic and prognostic value of dynamic video-electroencephalogram (V-EEG) monitoring in children with epilepsy were investigated. From February 2014 to February 2016, in total 200 children with epilepsy were selected during their stay in the First Hospital of Qinghuangdao and were randomly allocated to a dynamic and a conventional V-EEG monitoring group (n=100). The detection rate of epileptiform discharges in the two groups was evaluated. The V-EEG monitoring index was used to select treatment methods for patients with epilepsy. After 3 months, the patients were rechecked. Disease features and incidence of epilepsy were recorded. There were no significant differences in the course of disease, seizure frequency and age between the two groups (P>0.05). The detection rate of epileptiform discharges in the dynamic V-EEG was significantly higher than in the routine monitoring group (P<0.01). The accuracy and specificity of monitoring in the V-EEG were significantly higher than in the routine monitoring group (P<0.01). Seizure frequency and number of epilepsy attacks in patients in the V-EEG group were significantly lower than in the routine monitoring group (P<0.01). Dynamic V-EEG can improve epilepsy detection rate. The high accuracy and specificity of dynamic V-EEG suggest that it may be of great clinical value in the diagnosis and prognosis of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, P.R. China
| | - Ying Su
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Jia
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, P.R. China
| | - Yanling Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, P.R. China
| | - Xinyang Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, P.R. China
| | - Guilan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, P.R. China
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16
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Ge Y, Yu P, Ding D, Wang P, Shi Y, Zhao T, Tang X, Hong Z. Etiologic features and utilization of antiepileptic drugs in people with chronic epilepsy in China: Report from the Epilepsy Cohort of Huashan Hospital (ECoH). Epilepsy Res 2015; 116:99-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Jacoby A. Thirty years of psychosocial research in epilepsy: personal reflections of a social scientist. Epilepsy Behav 2015; 44:245-9. [PMID: 25576126 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ann Jacoby
- Department of Public Health and Policy, University of Liverpool, UK.
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18
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Kaufman KR. Epilepsy & behavior: a professional and a personal home. Epilepsy Behav 2014; 40:2-3. [PMID: 25258052 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R Kaufman
- Department of Psychiatry, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 125 Paterson Street, Suite #2200, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; Department of Neurology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 125 Paterson Street, Suite #2200, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 125 Paterson Street, Suite #2200, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
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19
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Wang W, An DM, Xiao FL, Zhou D. Epilepsy & behavior: making people with epilepsy the focus. Epilepsy Behav 2014; 40:111-2. [PMID: 25440840 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Dong-Mei An
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Feng-Lai Xiao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Dong Zhou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
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20
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Chiu YP, Lee TY, Lin KL, Laadt VL. Adjusting to a seizure-free "new normal" life following discontinuation of antiepileptic drugs during adolescence. Epilepsy Behav 2014; 33:54-8. [PMID: 24632354 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This qualitative study sought to understand how children in adolescence adjust to their newly acquired normal life without epilepsy, following discontinuation of antiepileptic drugs during this dynamic period of growth and development. Three major themes with subthemes were identified: 1) setting the body and mind free; 2) engaging in self-regulation; and 3) protection by significant others. A sense of relief from constraints related to treatment schedules, special diets, and avoiding seizure-provoking activities was expressed by all participants. Freedom from side effects of the antiepileptic drugs improved life at home and school. Most of the participants said that they were not worried about seizure recurrence but would use caution against a possible relapse. Family members also must adjust to a new lifestyle. Medical staff needs to provide support and adequate care to adolescents during their period of identity adjustment following antiepileptic drug discontinuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ping Chiu
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Linkou Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tzu-Ying Lee
- School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Kuang-Lin Lin
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang-Gung Children's Hospital and Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Virginia L Laadt
- Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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21
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Mecarelli O, Messina P, Capovilla G, Michelucci R, Romeo A, Beghi E, Lucibello S, Ferrari A, Vecchi M, de Palma L, Monti F, Ferlazzo E, Gasparini S, Passarelli D, Lodi M, Cesaroni E, Stranci G, Elia M, Severi S, Pizzanelli C, Ausserer H, Dordi B, Montalenti E, Pieri I, Galeone D, Germano M, Cantisani T, Casellato S, Pruna D. An educational campaign toward epilepsy among Italian primary school teachers: 1. Survey on knowledge and attitudes. Epilepsy Behav 2014; 32:84-91. [PMID: 24521730 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A questionnaire survey was undertaken to assess the impact of a nationwide educational campaign about epilepsy on the knowledge and attitudes toward the disease among Italian primary school teachers. Five hundred and eighty-two teachers participated. All interviewees were aware of the existence of epilepsy, and most of them had direct experience with the disease. Answers about frequency, causes, outcome, and response to treatments were variable and not correlated with age, residency, and years of experience. Teachers had positive attitudes toward epilepsy, except for the idea that driving and sports can be safe for people with epilepsy. Epilepsy and its treatment were considered a source of learning disability and social disadvantages. Several teachers declared themselves being unable to help a child having seizures. Calling an ambulance was a frequent action. Knowledge and attitudes toward epilepsy are improved compared with those reported in our previous studies. Although this may be a positive reflection of the increasing knowledge and the greater availability of information on epilepsy, there are still areas of uncertainty and incorrect behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriano Mecarelli
- Sapienza Università di Roma, Dipartimento di Neurologia e Psichiatria, Azienda Policlinico Umberto 1°, Roma, Italy
| | - Paolo Messina
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Milano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Capovilla
- Child Neuropsychiatry Department, Epilepsy Center "C. Poma Hospital", Mantova, Italy
| | - Roberto Michelucci
- IRCCS-Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Unit of Neurology, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonino Romeo
- Pediatric Neurology Unit and Epilepsy Center, Department of Neuroscience, "Fatebenefratelli e Oftalmico" Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Ettore Beghi
- IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Milano, Italy.
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22
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Espínola-Nadurille M, Crail-Melendez D, Sánchez-Guzmán MA. Stigma experience of people with epilepsy in Mexico and views of health care providers. Epilepsy Behav 2014; 32:162-9. [PMID: 24439700 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder with neurobiological, cognitive, psychological, and social consequences. Epilepsy stigma is a social determinant of ill health that affects the quality of life of people who suffer from epilepsy and that renders a poor social prognosis even worse than the clinical one. From a phenomenological approach, between January and July 2011, we explored the experience of epilepsy stigma through 25 in-depth qualitative interviews with 10 persons with temporal lobe epilepsy (PWE) (we avoided terms such as "epileptics" or "epileptic patients" because they can be labeling and stigmatizing), 10 carers (CEs) of PWE who attended the epilepsy clinic of the Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery of Mexico, and 5 physicians specialized in epilepsy. The objective of the study was to identify the following: perceptions that could indicate any form of discrimination due to having epilepsy, reactions of people in front of a person having seizures, and social functioning of PWE since epilepsy onset, particularly their interpersonal relationships and participation in educational or working activities. Through the health providers' narratives, we explored the mainstream care practices, their perspectives on epilepsy, and their views about how the disease should be addressed. Thematic guidelines were elaborated for each type of participant. All information was processed with the use of the computer-assisted data analysis, Atlas.ti5. We made a codification of broad themes that corresponded to the main topics of the interview guidelines and then proceeded to finer categorization to elaborate the analytical categories. Epilepsy was attached to a powerful stereotype that includes notions of contamination, danger, sin, divine punishment, supernatural forces, and madness. Internalized, interpersonal, and institutional stigma prevents PWE from participating in school and employment and reduces their opportunities to establish peer and couple relationships. Mexican's overt impunity of structural discrimination towards PWE shows a lack of available legal resources that protect their human rights. The narrow biomedical concept that physicians have of epilepsy is consistent with the limited medical practices that are offered to treat epilepsy at the health services in Mexico. Comprehensive treatment and integrated services for epilepsy must incorporate psychosocial programs that include epilepsy stigma as a major component of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Espínola-Nadurille
- Neuropsychiatry Unit, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Mexico City, Mexico; Social Research Department, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Daniel Crail-Melendez
- Neuropsychiatry Unit, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Mexico City, Mexico
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Ornelas-Aguirre JM, Sánchez-Castro O. [Cohesion and family adaptability in women with epilepsy: cross-sectional study]. Aten Primaria 2014; 46:246-53. [PMID: 24387900 PMCID: PMC6985647 DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2013.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objetivo Probar la hipótesis de que las mujeres con epilepsia pertenecen a familias con deficiencias en la cohesión y adaptabilidad a la enfermedad, en comparación con mujeres sanas. Diseño Estudio transversal analítico. Emplazamiento Se incluyó de forma retrospectiva a 263 mujeres de la consulta externa del servicio de neurología y una unidad de medicina familiar del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social en Sonora (México), entre 2010 y 2011. Participantes Ochenta y dos mujeres epilépticas (casos) y 181 mujeres sanas (grupo control). Muestra apareada por edad y zona de residencia (1:2,2). Mediciones principales Se realizó un análisis univariado para variables sociodemográficas, tipología familiar, nivel socioeconómico y nivel de cohesión-adaptabilidad familiar con el cuestionario FACES III. Un análisis con regresión logística se realizó para aquellas variables asociadas a disfunción familiar en mujeres con y sin epilepsia. Resultados Se encontró disfunción familiar en el 22% de las mujeres epilépticas (RM = 2,91 [2,17-3,89]; p = 0,0001). El análisis univariado sugirió asociación para presencia de epilepsia, edad, evolución mayor a 15 años con epilepsia, tipología familiar (rural, urbana y tradicional) contra la presencia de disfunción familiar. El modelo de regresión logística confirmó asociación solo para la presencia de epilepsia (RM = 7,30 [4,00-13,33]; p = 0,0001). Conclusión El estudio responde la hipótesis de que mujeres con epilepsia viven con familias con mayor deterioro psicosocial, manifestado por deficiencias en la cohesión y adaptabilidad a la enfermedad, en comparación con mujeres sanas.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Ornelas-Aguirre
- División de Investigación, Hospital de Especialidades N. 2, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Centro Médico Nacional del Noroeste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México; Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Sonora, Campus Cajéme, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México.
| | - Oneida Sánchez-Castro
- Unidad de Medicina Familiar N. 1, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Centro Médico Nacional del Noroeste, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México
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Fernandes PT, Snape DA, Beran RG, Jacoby A. Epilepsy stigma: what do we know and where next? Epilepsy Behav 2011; 22:55-62. [PMID: 21458385 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2011.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2011] [Accepted: 02/10/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Stigma is a major issue for people who develop epilepsy. Reducing stigma is a major focus of activity for the epilepsy patient support groups globally. In this paper, we introduce some key ideas and debates about the nature of and drivers for the stigma of epilepsy, including recent arguments about the need to frame analyses of the nature of epilepsy stigma within sociological debates about conflict and power. We then consider the role of the legislative process for redressing power imbalances that promote or maintain epilepsy stigma; and the value of tailored educational campaigns and programmes directed at stigma reduction. Finally, we consider the nature of 'difference' as experienced by people with epilepsy and how that difference translates into stigma; and provide evidence from a specific targeted intervention to combat epilepsy stigma that its reduction is an achievable goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula T Fernandes
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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