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Roosta Z, Unniappan S, Uju C, Rahmati M, Falahatkar B. Intraperitoneal administration of kisspeptin-10 modulates follicle maturation, gonadal steroids, calcium and metabolites in Sterlet sturgeon, Acipenser ruthenus. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2024; 292:111609. [PMID: 38401763 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.111609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Kisspeptin is a multifunctional neurohormone, primarily involved in the regulation of reproduction. We tested whether peripheral administration of kisspeptin10 (KP-10) via intraperitoneal injection or slow release affects reproductive hormones and metabolites in Sterlet sturgeon (Acipenser ruthenus). Plasma and mucus 17β-estradiol (E2), and testosterone (T), plasma and follicular vitellogenin (VTG) and calcium (Ca) as well as glucose and lipids were determined. Mature Sterlet sturgeon were grouped into six groups: saline i.p injection (control), human kisspeptin (hKP-10) i.p injection; acipenser kisspeptin (aKP-10) i.p injection; hKP-10 (slow release); aKP-10 (slow-release) and no treatment control. No effect for KP-10 on sturgeon body weight was found after 4 weeks of treatment. Multivariate analysis revealed a significant disparity in plasma E2 levels. It was significantly different between groups (time, P = 0.0022). E2 in epithelia mucosa showed significant difference between and within groups in the acute group (time, P = 0.0252; treatment, P = 0.0423; time × treatment, P = 0.0429). T levels were unaffected by treatments (P > 0.05). The presence of synthetic aKP-10 led to an elevation in oocyte and plasma VTG levels (P < 0.05). Prolonged exposure to this peptide resulted in an increase in plasma calcium levels. Simultaneously, there was an augmentation in the number of mature follicles. Regardless of the duration of exposure, aKP-10 significantly elevated plasma glucose levels in Sterlet (P < 0.0). Additionally, KP-10 led to an increase in plasma lipids and cholesterol in Sterlet. Overall, our data support an involvement for KP-10 in the regulation of gonadal steroid hormones, oocyte maturation and metabolite levels in sturgeon, suggesting a positive role for this peptide in the reproductive physiology of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Roosta
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4, Canada; Fisheries Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Guilan, Iran
| | - Suraj Unniappan
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Chinelo Uju
- Laboratory of Integrative Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Mehdi Rahmati
- Dr. Yousefpour Marine Fishes Restocking and Genetic Conservation Center, Siahkal, Guilan, Iran
| | - Bahram Falahatkar
- Fisheries Department, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Guilan, Iran; Department of Marine Sciences, The Caspian Sea Basin Research Center, University of Guilan, Rasht, Guilan, Iran.
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Nie Z, Zhao N, Zhao H, Fu Z, Ma Z, Wei J. Cloning, Expression Analysis and SNP Screening of the kiss1 Gene in Male Schizothorax biddulphi. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040862. [PMID: 37107620 PMCID: PMC10137902 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizothorax biddulphi is an endemic fish distributed only in southern Xinjiang, China. Due to overfishing, water conservancy facilities, and other factors, as well as inherent biological limitations, resource recovery is quite difficult. For endangered fish with slow growth, late sexual maturity, and insufficient natural population supplementation, large-scale artificial reproduction and breeding are important for restoring resources. Therefore, it is urgent to optimize the reproductive regulation methods of the fish. The kiss1 gene is a key regulator of the reproductive regulation cascade, and identifying and analyzing the role of kiss1 are important for further elucidating the reproductive mechanism of S. biddulphi. To understand the characteristics of the kiss1 of S. biddulphi, the full-length cDNA sequence of kiss1 was obtained in this study, and its tissue expression specificity and association with phenotypic traits were analyzed in male fish. The full-length cDNA sequence of kiss1 in S. biddulphi was 658 bp, with an ORF of 327 bp, and encoded a 108-amino acid, unstable protein. Homology results indicated that kiss1 was highly conserved. qPCR showed kiss1 expression in different tissues in male S. biddulphi, with the highest expression in the gonads, followed by muscle, and significantly lower expression in the swim bladder, pituitary gland, heart, hypothalamus, gill, fin, liver, eye, and mid-kidney. qPCR revealed three SNP loci in the exonic region of kiss1. The c.3G>T locus was significantly correlated (p < 0.05) with gonad mass and the maturation coefficient in S. biddulphi. These results will help uncover the reproductive endocrinology network of S. biddulphi, improve artificial breeding technology for fish, and unveil new directions for breeding excellent strains of S. biddulphi and molecular marker-assisted breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhulan Nie
- College of Life Sciences and Technology, Tarim University, Alaer 843300, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology, Xinjiang Production & Construction, Alaer 843300, China
- State Kay Laboratory Breeding Base for the Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin Co-Funded by Xinjiang Corps and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alaer 843300, China
| | - Nianhua Zhao
- College of Life Sciences and Technology, Tarim University, Alaer 843300, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology, Xinjiang Production & Construction, Alaer 843300, China
- State Kay Laboratory Breeding Base for the Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin Co-Funded by Xinjiang Corps and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alaer 843300, China
| | - He Zhao
- College of Life Sciences and Technology, Tarim University, Alaer 843300, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology, Xinjiang Production & Construction, Alaer 843300, China
- State Kay Laboratory Breeding Base for the Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin Co-Funded by Xinjiang Corps and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alaer 843300, China
| | - Zhengyi Fu
- Tropical Aquaculture Research and Development Center, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Sanya 572018, China
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Zhenhua Ma
- Tropical Aquaculture Research and Development Center, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Sanya 572018, China
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Jie Wei
- College of Life Sciences and Technology, Tarim University, Alaer 843300, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science and Technology, Xinjiang Production & Construction, Alaer 843300, China
- State Kay Laboratory Breeding Base for the Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin Co-Funded by Xinjiang Corps and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alaer 843300, China
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Hypothalamic kisspeptin and kisspeptin receptors: Species variation in reproduction and reproductive behaviours. Front Neuroendocrinol 2022; 64:100951. [PMID: 34757093 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2021.100951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Kisspeptin, encoded by the KISS1 gene, was first discovered as a potential metastasis suppressor gene. The prepro-kisspeptin precursor is cleaved into shorter mature bioactive peptides of varying sizes that bind to the G protein-coupled receptor GPR54 (=KISS1R). Over the last two decades, multiple types of Kiss and KissR genes have been discovered in mammalian and non-mammalian vertebrate species, but they are remarkably absent in birds. Kiss neuronal populations are distributed mainly in the hypothalamus. The KissRs are widely distributed in the brain, including the hypothalamic and non-hypothalamic regions, such as the hippocampus, amygdala, and habenula. The role of KISS1-KISS1R in humans and Kiss1-Kiss1R in rodents is associated with puberty, gonadal maturation, and the reproductive axis. However, recent gene deletion studies in zebrafish and medaka have provided controversial results, suggesting that the reproductive role of kiss is dispensable. This review highlights the evolutionary history, localisation, and significance of Kiss-KissR in reproduction and reproductive behaviours in mammalian and non-mammalian vertebrates.
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Zahangir MM, Shahjahan M, Ando H. Kisspeptin Exhibits Stimulatory Effects on Expression of the Genes for Kisspeptin Receptor, GnRH1 and GTH Subunits in a Gonadal Stage-Dependent Manner in the Grass Puffer, a Semilunar-Synchronized Spawner. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:917258. [PMID: 35909525 PMCID: PMC9334799 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.917258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Kisspeptin has an important role in the regulation of reproduction by directly stimulating the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in mammals. In non-mammalian vertebrates, there are multiple kisspeptins (Kiss1 and Kiss2) and kisspeptin receptor types, and the two kisspeptins in teleosts have different effects depending on fish species and reproductive stages, serving reproductive and non-reproductive functions. In the grass puffer, Takifugu alboplumbeus, which has only a single pair of kiss2 and kissr2, both genes display seasonal, diurnal, and circadian oscillations in expression in association with the periodic changes in reproductive functions. To elucidate the role of kisspeptin in this species, homologous kisspeptin peptide (gpKiss2) was administered at different reproductive stages (immature, mature and regressed) and the expression levels of the genes that constitute hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis were examined in male grass puffer. gpKiss2 significantly elevated the expression levels of kissr2 and gnrh1 in the brain and kissr2, fshb and lhb in the pituitary of the immature and mature fish. No noticeable effect was observed for kiss2, gnih, gnihr, gnrh2 and gnrh3 in the brain and gpa in the pituitary. In the regressed fish, gpKiss2 was ineffective in stimulating the expression of the gnrh1 and GTH subunit genes, while it stimulated and downregulated the kissr2 expression in the brain and pituitary, respectively. The present results indicate that Kiss2 has a stimulatory role in the expression of GnRH1/GTH subunit genes by upregulating the kissr2 expression in the brain and pituitary at both immature and mature stages, but this role is mostly ineffective at regressed stage in the grass puffer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mahiuddin Zahangir
- Marine Biological Station, Sado Island Center for Ecological Sustainability, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Md. Shahjahan
- Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Hironori Ando
- Marine Biological Station, Sado Island Center for Ecological Sustainability, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
- *Correspondence: Hironori Ando,
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Li W, Hu J, Sun C, Dong J, Liu Z, Yuan J, Tian Y, Zhao J, Ye X. Characterization of kiss2/kissr2 system in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and Kiss2-10 peptide regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 257:110671. [PMID: 34450276 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2021.110671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The kisspeptin system, which lies upstream of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, is believed to function as a regulator of reproduction in teleosts. In this study, we isolated and characterized kiss2 and its receptor kissr2 in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). The complete coding sequences of kiss2 and kissr2 were 375 and 1134 bp long and encoded precursor proteins 124 and 377 amino acid long, respectively. Real-time PCR showed that kiss2 and kissr2 were primarily expressed in the HPG axis. The expression profile of kiss2 and kissr2 varied with gonadal development, with the highest and lowest expression levels being detected during the immature and final maturation stages, respectively. Intraperitoneal injection of exogenous Kiss2-10 peptide increased the transcript levels of gnrh3, kissr2, fshβ, lhβ, ar, and er2 within 24 h (p < 0.05), as well as plasma levels of 17β-estradiol and testosterone. Histological analysis indicated that chronic administration of exogenous Kiss2-10 peptide accelerated vitellogenesis in females and spermatogenesis in males. Further, in situ hybridization revealed that kiss2 is expressed in the ooplasm and vitelline envelope of oocytes and the spermatocytes of testes. In addition, experiments using gonad tissue primary cell cultures indicated that exogenous Kiss2-10 peptide stimulates the expression of reproduction-related genes. Collectively, our findings indicate that the kiss2/kissr2 system in largemouth bass is involved in regulating gonadal development through the HPG axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangdong 510380, China; State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangdong 510380, China
| | - Chengfei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangdong 510380, China
| | - Junjian Dong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangdong 510380, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangdong 510380, China
| | - Ju Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangdong 510380, China
| | - Yuanyuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangdong 510380, China
| | - Jinliang Zhao
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangdong 510380, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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Zahangir MM, Matsubara H, Ogiso S, Suzuki N, Ueda H, Ando H. Expression dynamics of the genes for the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis in tiger puffer (Takifugu rubripes) at different reproductive stages. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2021; 301:113660. [PMID: 33189658 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Tiger puffer, Takifugu rubripes, a commercially important long-distance migratory fish, return to specific spawning grounds for reproduction. To clarify reproductive neuroendocrine system of the tiger puffer, the changes in the expression levels of the genes encoding three gonadotropin-releasing hormones (GnRHs), gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH), GnIH receptor (GnIH-R), kisspeptin and kisspeptin receptor in the brain and gonadotropin (GTH) subunits, growth hormone (GH) and prolactin (PRL) in the pituitary were examined in the tiger puffer captured in the wild at different reproductive stages, namely immature and mature fish of both sexes, and post-ovulatory females that were obtained by hormonal treatment. The amounts of three gnrh mRNAs, gnih, gnih-r, fshb and lhb were substantially increased in the mature fish compared to the immature fish, especially in the females, and these augmented expressions were drastically decreased in the post-ovulatory females. gh expression showed a slight increase in the mature males. In contrast, kiss2, kiss2r and prl did not show significant changes in the males but significantly decreased in the post-ovulatory females. The present results demonstrate the expression dynamics of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis genes associated with the reproductive conditions and the possible involvement of the GnRH/GnIH/GTH system in the regulation of the sexual maturation and spawning in the wild tiger puffer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mahiuddin Zahangir
- Marine Biological Station, Sado Island Center for Ecological Sustainability, Niigata University, Sado, Niigata 952-2135, Japan
| | - Hajime Matsubara
- Noto Center for Fisheries Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Noto-cho, Ishikawa 927-0552, Japan
| | - Shouzo Ogiso
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Noto-cho, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
| | - Nobuo Suzuki
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Noto-cho, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ueda
- Hokkaido University and Hokkaido Aquaculture Promotion Corporation, Sapporo 003-0874, Japan
| | - Hironori Ando
- Marine Biological Station, Sado Island Center for Ecological Sustainability, Niigata University, Sado, Niigata 952-2135, Japan.
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Oliveira CC, McStay E, Cabrita E, Castanheira MF, Migaud H, Dinis MT, Davie A. Investigating the kisspeptin system in the hermaphrodite teleost gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2020; 241:110624. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.110624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Valencia A, Andrieu J, Nzioka A, Cancio I, Ortiz-Zarragoitia M. Transcription pattern of reproduction relevant genes along the brain-pituitary-gonad axis of female, male and intersex thicklip grey mullets, Chelon labrosus, from a polluted harbor. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 287:113339. [PMID: 31759976 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The reproductive cycle of teleost fishes is regulated by the brain-pituitary-gonad (BPG) axis. The transcription profile of genes involved in the reproduction signalling in the BPG-axis differs in females and males during the gametogenic cycle. Impacts of endocrine disrupting chemicals on these signalling pathways in fish are known, but the participation of the BPG-axis in the development of the intersex condition is not well understood. Intersex thicklip grey mullets (Chelon labrosus) have been identified in several estuaries from the SE Bay of Biscay, revealing the presence of feminizing contaminants in the area. In previous studies, transcription patterns of genes related with steroidogenesis and gamete growth have been shown to differ among female, male and intersex mullets. However, many components of the reproduction control have not been studied yet. The aim of this study was to assess the transcription levels of target BPG-axis genes in female, male and intersex mullets captured in the polluted harbour of Pasaia, during their gametogenic cycle. After histologically examining the gonads, the transcription levels of previously sequenced target genes were measured by qPCR: kiss2, gpr54 and gnrh1 in brain, fshβ and lhβ in pituitary and fshr and lhr in gonads. In both females and males, brain genes were most transcribed in early gametogenesis, proving their relevance in the onset of both oogenesis and spermatogenesis. Pituitary gonadotropins in females showed upregulation as oogenesis progressed, reaching the highest transcription levels at vitellogenic stage, while in males transcript levels were constant during spermatogenesis. Transcription levels of gonadotropin receptors showed different patterns in ovaries and testes, suggesting differing function in relation to gametogenesis and maturation. Intersex mullets showed transcription levels of brain target genes similar to those observed in females at cortical alveoli stage and to those in mid spermatogenic males. In intersex testes the transcription pattern of gonadotropin receptor fshr was downregulated in comparison to non-intersex testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainara Valencia
- CBET Research Group, Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU) and Zoology and Cell Biology Dept, (Faculty of Science and Technology), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080, Bilbao, PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Josu Andrieu
- CBET Research Group, Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU) and Zoology and Cell Biology Dept, (Faculty of Science and Technology), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080, Bilbao, PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Anthony Nzioka
- CBET Research Group, Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU) and Zoology and Cell Biology Dept, (Faculty of Science and Technology), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080, Bilbao, PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Ibon Cancio
- CBET Research Group, Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU) and Zoology and Cell Biology Dept, (Faculty of Science and Technology), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080, Bilbao, PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Maren Ortiz-Zarragoitia
- CBET Research Group, Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU) and Zoology and Cell Biology Dept, (Faculty of Science and Technology), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), E-48080, Bilbao, PO Box 644, Basque Country, Spain.
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Zhang R, Nie H, Duan S, Yan P, Izaz A, Wang R, Zhou Y, Wu X. Cloning, characterisation and expression profile of kisspeptin1 and the kisspeptin1 receptor in the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian axis of Chinese alligator Alligator sinensis during the reproductive cycle. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020; 32:792-804. [DOI: 10.1071/rd19332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Kisspeptin1 (Kiss1), a product of the Kiss1 gene, plays an important role in the regulation of reproduction in vertebrates by activating the Kiss1 receptor (Kiss1R) and its coexpression with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in GnRH neurons. The purpose of this study was to clone the Kiss1 and Kiss1R genes found in the brain of Alligator sinensis and to explore their relationship with reproduction. The full-length cDNA of Kiss1 is 816bp, the open reading frame (ORF) is 417bp and the gene encodes a 138-amino acid precursor protein. The full-length cDNA of Kiss1R is 2348bp, the ORF is 1086bp and the gene encodes a 361-amino acid protein. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that, except for Kiss1R expression in the hypothalamus, the expression of Kiss1 and Kiss1Rduring the reproductive period of A. sinensis was higher than that in the hypothalamus, pituitary gland and ovary during the hibernation period. The changes in GnRH2 mRNA in the hypothalamus were similar to those of GnRH1 and peaked during the reproductive period. This study confirms the existence of Kiss1 and Kiss1R in A. sinensis and the findings strongly suggest that Kiss1 and Kiss1R may participate in the regulation of GnRH secretion in the hypothalamus of alligators during the reproductive period. Furthermore, this is the first report of the full-length cDNA sequences of Kiss1 and Kiss1R in reptiles.
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Ma XL, Yuan BL, Zhou LB. The Kiss2/GPR54 system stimulates the reproductive axis in male black porgy, Acanthopagrus schlegelii. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 280:158-167. [PMID: 31026424 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Although it is well established that the Kiss1/GPR54 system stimulates the reproductive axis in mammals, its functional roles, especially in male reproduction of non-mammalian species, is less clear. In this study, we have isolated the full-length kiss2 and gpr54 cDNAs from black porgy (Acanthopagrus schlegelii). The Kiss2 precursor expressed from kiss2 comprises 124 amino acids and contains a highly conserved 10-amino acid sequence, Kiss2-10 (FNFNPFGLRF). GPR54 comprises 375 amino acid residues and contains distinct characteristics of G protein-coupled receptors. Real-time PCR analysis indicated that kiss2 and gpr54 were expressed highly in the brain regions. Moreover, intraperitoneal injection of porgy Kiss2-10 could stimulate genes expression of the gpr54, gnrh1, gnrh3, fshβ, lhβ, p450c17, star, and ar, and the serum testerone level in male black porgy. Our findings demonstrate that the Kisspeptin stimulates the male reproductive axis in black porgy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Lan Ma
- Department of Life Science, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, PR China.
| | - Bao-Lei Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Li-Bin Zhou
- Department of Life Science, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, PR China
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Abdel-Fadeil MR, Abd Allah ES, Iraqy HM, Elgamal DA, Abdel-Ghani MA. Experimental obesity and diabetes reduce male fertility: Potential involvement of hypothalamic Kiss-1, pituitary nitric oxide, serum vaspin and visfatin. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2019; 26:181-189. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Arisha AH, Moustafa A. Potential inhibitory effect of swimming exercise on the Kisspeptin-GnRH signaling pathway in male rats. Theriogenology 2019; 133:87-96. [PMID: 31075715 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic exercises are considered as an effective method of improving several undesirable health outcomes; however, their implications in the male reproductive axis have remained controversial. The present study evaluated the impact of physical exercise on the male reproductive system in rats and investigated the potential central and peripheral mechanisms involved in it. Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control and exercise groups, with 10 rats per group. The rats were subjected to a swimming exercise for 60 min/day for five days a week and the protocol was followed for six constitutive weeks. We found that the swimming exercise significantly decreased the testicular weight and the testicular somatic index. Furthermore, there was a marked reduction in several sperm characteristics, including sperm count, motility, morphology, and viability in the exercised rats. The serum levels of reproductive hormones, i.e., testosterone (T), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were significantly decreased. A histological examination of testes and epididymis revealed defective spermatogenesis. Molecular analysis revealed the downregulation of the expression of mRNAs of the hypothalamic kisspeptin (Kiss1), Kiss1 receptor (Kiss1r), gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH1), GnRH1 receptor (GnRHr), and testicular Kiss1r along with an upregulation in the gene expression of GnRHr in the pituitary. We also observed a significant reduction in the activity and the expression of mRNAs of testicular superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and a marked elevation in the levelsof malondialdehyde (MDA). These findings implied that chronic swimming exercise suppressed the Kisspeptin-GnRH signaling pathway, consequently reducing the production of male reproductive hormones. A simultaneous increase in the oxidative stress could contribute to exercise-induced inhibition of male reproductive functions. To conclude, an appropriate training program is important to maximize the benefits and minimize the side effects of physical exercises on the male reproductive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Hamed Arisha
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Amira Moustafa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt.
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13
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Daily rhythms of expression in reproductive genes along the brain-pituitary-gonad axis and liver of zebrafish. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2019; 231:158-169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Ohga H, Adachi H, Kitano H, Yamaguchi A, Matsuyama M. Kiss1 hexadecapeptide directly regulates gonadotropin-releasing hormone 1 in the scombroid fish, chub mackerel. Biol Reprod 2018; 96:376-388. [PMID: 28203796 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.116.142083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we report that the Kiss1 hexadecapeptide (Kiss1-16) directly regulates the functional form of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in the preoptic area (POA) of a scombroid fish model. In this study, we analyzed the localization of two kisspeptin (kiss1 and kiss2) neurons and two kisspeptin receptors (kissr1 and kissr2) in the brain of adult chub mackerel using in situ hybridization to determine whether the kisspeptin receptors co-localize with GnRH1 neurons. The kiss1- and kiss2-expressing neurons were mainly localized in the nucleus recessus lateralis (NRL) and the nucleus of the posterior recess (NRP) in the hypothalamus. Kissr1 was present in the anterior POA and the habenular nucleus. Kissr2 was widely distributed, including in the POA, lateral tuberal nucleus, NRL, and NRP. Notably, GnRH1 was expressed in neurons in the POA, and these neurons co-expressed kissr1. In contrast, kissr2 was expressed abundantly in the vicinity of GnRH1 neurons, but their co-expression did not seem to occur. We also characterized the endogenous mature form of the Kiss1 peptide. An in vitro reporter gene assay clearly showed that Kiss1-16 (HQDMSSYNFNSFGLRY-NH2) was more potent at receptor activation than Kiss1 pentadecapeptide (Kiss1-15), which is the form of Kiss1 found in other fish species. This study strongly suggests that kisspeptin signaling, especially Kiss1 signaling, is important for regulating reproduction in scombroid fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Ohga
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hayato Adachi
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hajime Kitano
- Fisheries Research Institute of Karatsu, Kyushu University, Saga, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Michiya Matsuyama
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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15
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Immune-Endocrine Interactions in the Fish Gonad during Infection: An Open Door to Vertical Transmission. FISHES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/fishes3020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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16
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Ohga H, Selvaraj S, Matsuyama M. The Roles of Kisspeptin System in the Reproductive Physiology of Fish With Special Reference to Chub Mackerel Studies as Main Axis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:147. [PMID: 29670580 PMCID: PMC5894438 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Kisspeptin, a novel neuropeptide product of the Kiss1 gene, activates the G protein-coupled membrane receptor G protein-coupled receptor 54 (now termed Kiss1r). Over the last 15 years, the importance of the kisspeptin system has been the subject of much debate in the mammalian research field. At the heart of the debate is whether kisspeptin is an absolute upstream regulator of gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion, as it has been proposed to be the master molecule in reproductive events and plays a special role not only during puberty but also in adulthood. The teleostean kisspeptin system was first documented in 2004. Although there have been a number of kisspeptin studies in various fish species, the role of kisspeptin in reproduction remains a subject of controversy and has not been widely recognized. There is an extensive literature on the physiological and endocrinological bases of gametogenesis in fish, largely derived from studying small, model fish species, and reports on non-model species are limited. The reason for this discrepancy is the technical difficulty inherent in developing rigorous experimental systems in many farmed fish species. We have already established methods for the full life-cycle breeding of a commercially important marine fish, the chub mackerel (cm), and are interested in understanding the reproductive function of kisspeptins from various perspectives. Based on a series of experiments clarifying the role of the brain-pituitary-gonad axis in modulating reproduction in cm, we theorize that the kisspeptin system plays an important role in the reproduction of this scombroid species. In this review article, we provide an overview of kisspeptin studies in cm, which substantially aids in elucidating the role of kisspeptins in fish reproduction.
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Tovar Bohórquez MO, Mechaly AS, Elisio M, Chalde T, Canosa LF, Miranda LA, Somoza GM. Kisspeptins and their receptors in the brain-pituitary-gonadal axis of Odonthestes bonariensis: Their relationship with gametogenesis along the reproductive cycle. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017; 252:209-218. [PMID: 28673514 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In vertebrates, the reproduction is controlled by the brain-pituitary-gonadal (BPG) axis and kisspeptin has emerged as a key player of this axis. In this study, we analyzed changes in the expression levels of kiss1, kiss2, and their receptors, kissr2 and kissr3 during gametogenesis in the BPG axis of feral Odontesthes bonariensis. In females, levels of brain kiss1 showed an increase at final maturation (Fm), while kiss2 levels were shown to be high at primary growth (Pg) stage, with no differences in the expression of their receptors. In the pituitary, kiss1 and kiss2 peaked at the cortical alveoli (Ca) stage, and kissr3 at initial vitellogenesis. In parallel, there was an increase of kiss1, kissr2 and kissr3 in the ovary during the Ca stage and both receptors again at Fm stage. In males, the four genes were highly expressed in the brain at the arrested (A) stage. In the pituitary, kiss2 peaked at spermatogonial (SG) and spermatocytary (SC) stages; while kissr3 reached a peak at the spermiogenic stage (SP). In testes, kiss1 and kiss2 significantly increased during the SG and SC stages; meanwhile, kissr2 increased at SG and SC, whereas kissr3 levels were significantly high at SC and SP stages. Taken together these results showed that the kisspeptin system in pejerrey is expressed in the three levels of the BPG axis with different expression profiles during the gonadal cycle. These findings pointed that kisspeptins have different roles in gametogenesis in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Oswaldo Tovar Bohórquez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (IIB-INTECH), CONICET-UNSAM, Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro S Mechaly
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (IIB-INTECH), CONICET-UNSAM, Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariano Elisio
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (IIB-INTECH), CONICET-UNSAM, Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tomás Chalde
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (IIB-INTECH), CONICET-UNSAM, Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luis F Canosa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (IIB-INTECH), CONICET-UNSAM, Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leandro A Miranda
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (IIB-INTECH), CONICET-UNSAM, Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gustavo M Somoza
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús "Dr. Raúl Alfonsín" (IIB-INTECH), CONICET-UNSAM, Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Cowan M, Azpeleta C, López-Olmeda JF. Rhythms in the endocrine system of fish: a review. J Comp Physiol B 2017; 187:1057-1089. [DOI: 10.1007/s00360-017-1094-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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19
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Shahi N, Singh AK, Sahoo M, Mallik SK, Thakuria D. Molecular cloning, characterization and expression profile of kisspeptin1 and kisspeptin1 receptor at brain-pituitary-gonad (BPG) axis of golden mahseer, Tor putitora (Hamilton, 1822) during gonadal development. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 205:13-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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20
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Cowan M, Paullada-Salmerón JA, López-Olmeda JF, Sánchez-Vázquez FJ, Muñoz-Cueto JA. Effects of pinealectomy on the neuroendocrine reproductive system and locomotor activity in male European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2017; 207:1-12. [PMID: 28188883 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The seasonally changing photoperiod controls the timing of reproduction in most fish species, however, the transduction of this photoperiodic information to the reproductive axis is still unclear. This study explored the potential role of two candidate neuropeptide systems, gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (Gnih) and kisspeptin, as mediators between the pineal organ (a principle transducer of photoperiodic information) and reproductive axis in male European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax. Two seven-day experiments of pinealectomy (Px) were performed, in March (end of reproductive season) and August (resting season). Effects of Px and season on the brain expression of gnih (sbgnih) and its receptor (sbgnihr), kisspeptins (kiss1, kiss2) and their receptors (kissr2, kissr3) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh1, gnrh2, gnrh3) and the main brain receptor (gnrhr-II-2b) genes, plasma melatonin levels and locomotor activity rhythms were examined. Results showed that Px reduced night-time plasma melatonin levels. Gene expression analyses demonstrated a sensitivity of the Gnih system to Px in March, with a reduction in sbgnih in the mid-hindbrain, a region with bilateral connections to the pineal organ. In August, kiss2 levels increased in Px animals but not in controls. Significant differences in expression were observed for diencephalic sbgnih, sbgnihr, kissr3 and tegmental gnrh2 between seasons. Recordings of locomotor activity following surgery revealed a change from light-synchronised to free-running rhythmic behavior. Altogether, the Gnih and Kiss2 sensitivity to Px and seasonal differences observed for Gnih and its receptor, Gnrh2, and the receptor for Kiss2 (Kissr3), suggested they could be mediators involved in the relay between environment and seasonal reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mairi Cowan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cádiz, Marine Campus of International Excellence (CEIMAR) and Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), E-11510 Puerto Real, Spain; INMAR-CACYTMAR Research Institutes, Puerto Real University Campus, E-11510 Puerto Real, Spain.
| | - José A Paullada-Salmerón
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cádiz, Marine Campus of International Excellence (CEIMAR) and Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), E-11510 Puerto Real, Spain; INMAR-CACYTMAR Research Institutes, Puerto Real University Campus, E-11510 Puerto Real, Spain
| | - José Fernando López-Olmeda
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Sánchez-Vázquez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - José A Muñoz-Cueto
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cádiz, Marine Campus of International Excellence (CEIMAR) and Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), E-11510 Puerto Real, Spain; INMAR-CACYTMAR Research Institutes, Puerto Real University Campus, E-11510 Puerto Real, Spain.
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21
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Rosenfeld CS, Denslow ND, Orlando EF, Gutierrez-Villagomez JM, Trudeau VL. Neuroendocrine disruption of organizational and activational hormone programming in poikilothermic vertebrates. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2017; 20:276-304. [PMID: 28895797 PMCID: PMC6174081 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2017.1370083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In vertebrates, sexual differentiation of the reproductive system and brain is tightly orchestrated by organizational and activational effects of endogenous hormones. In mammals and birds, the organizational period is typified by a surge of sex hormones during differentiation of specific neural circuits; whereas activational effects are dependent upon later increases in these same hormones at sexual maturation. Depending on the reproductive organ or brain region, initial programming events may be modulated by androgens or require conversion of androgens to estrogens. The prevailing notion based upon findings in mammalian models is that male brain is sculpted to undergo masculinization and defeminization. In absence of these responses, the female brain develops. While timing of organizational and activational events vary across taxa, there are shared features. Further, exposure of different animal models to environmental chemicals such as xenoestrogens such as bisphenol A-BPA and ethinylestradiol-EE2, gestagens, and thyroid hormone disruptors, broadly classified as neuroendocrine disrupting chemicals (NED), during these critical periods may result in similar alterations in brain structure, function, and consequently, behaviors. Organizational effects of neuroendocrine systems in mammals and birds appear to be permanent, whereas teleost fish neuroendocrine systems exhibit plasticity. While there are fewer NED studies in amphibians and reptiles, data suggest that NED disrupt normal organizational-activational effects of endogenous hormones, although it remains to be determined if these disturbances are reversible. The aim of this review is to examine how various environmental chemicals may interrupt normal organizational and activational events in poikilothermic vertebrates. By altering such processes, these chemicals may affect reproductive health of an animal and result in compromised populations and ecosystem-level effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl S. Rosenfeld
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Thompson Center for Autism and Neurobehavioral Disorders, Columbia, MO, USA
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Nancy D. Denslow
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Edward F. Orlando
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | | | - Vance L. Trudeau
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Alvarado MV, Servili A, Molés G, Gueguen MM, Carrillo M, Kah O, Felip A. Actions of sex steroids on kisspeptin expression and other reproduction-related genes in the brain of the teleost fish European sea bass. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 219:3353-3365. [PMID: 27591305 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.137364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Kisspeptins are well known as mediators of the coordinated communication between the brain-pituitary axis and the gonads in many vertebrates. To test the hypothesis that gonadal steroids regulate kiss1 and kiss2 mRNA expression in European sea bass (a teleost fish), we examined the brains of gonad-intact (control) and castrated animals, as well as castrated males (GDX) and ovariectomized females (OVX) that received testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) replacement, respectively, during recrudescence. In GDX males, low expression of kiss1 mRNA is observed by in situ hybridization in the caudal hypothalamus (CH) and the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH), although hypothalamic changes in kiss1 mRNA levels were not statistically different among the groups, as revealed by real-time PCR. However, T strongly decreased kiss2 expression levels in the hypothalamus, which was documented in the MBH and the nucleus of the lateral recess (NRLd) in GDX T-treated sea bass males. Conversely, it appears that E2 evokes low kiss1 mRNA in the CH, while there were cells expressing kiss2 in the MBH and NRLd in these OVX females. These results demonstrate that kisspeptin neurons are presumably sensitive to the feedback actions of sex steroids in the sea bass, suggesting that the MBH represents a major site for sex steroid actions on kisspeptins in this species. Also, recent data provide evidence that both positive and negative actions occur in key factors involved in sea bass reproductive function, including changes in the expression of gnrh-1/gonadotropin, cyp19b, er and ar genes and sex steroid and gonadotropin plasma levels in this teleost fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Alvarado
- Department of Fish Physiology and Biotechnology, Group of Fish Reproductive Physiology, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal, s/n. 12595 Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain
| | - A Servili
- Ifremer, Unité de Physiologie Fonctionnelle des Organismes Marins, LEMAR UMR 6539, BP 70, Plouzané 29280, France
| | - G Molés
- Department of Fish Physiology and Biotechnology, Group of Fish Reproductive Physiology, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal, s/n. 12595 Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain
| | - M M Gueguen
- Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation, INSERM U1085, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - M Carrillo
- Department of Fish Physiology and Biotechnology, Group of Fish Reproductive Physiology, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal, s/n. 12595 Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain
| | - O Kah
- Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation, INSERM U1085, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes, France
| | - A Felip
- Department of Fish Physiology and Biotechnology, Group of Fish Reproductive Physiology, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal, s/n. 12595 Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain
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Escobar S, Felip A, Zanuy S, Carrillo M. Is the kisspeptin system involved in responses to food restriction in order to preserve reproduction in pubertal male sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)? Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2016; 199:38-46. [PMID: 27164487 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Previous works on European sea bass have determined that long-term exposure to restrictive feeding diets alters the rhythms of some reproductive/metabolic hormones, delaying maturation and increasing apoptosis during gametogenesis. However, exactly how these diets affect key genes and hormones on the brain-pituitary-gonad (BPG) axis to trigger puberty is still largely unknown. We may hypothesize that all these signals could be integrated, at least in part, by the kisspeptin system. In order to capture a glimpse of these regulatory mechanisms, kiss1 and kiss2 mRNA expression levels and those of their kiss receptors (kiss1r, kiss2r) were analyzed in different areas of the brain and in the pituitary of pubertal male sea bass during gametogenesis. Furthermore, other reproductive hormones and factors as well as the percentage of males showing full spermiation were also analyzed. Treated fish fed maintenance diets provided evidence of overexpression of the kisspeptin system in the main hypophysiotropic regions of the brain throughout the entire sexual cycle. Conversely, Gnrh1 and gonadotropin pituitary content and plasma sexual steroid levels were downregulated, except for Fsh levels, which were shown to increase during spermiation. Treated fish exhibited lower rates of spermiation as compared to control group and a delay in its accomplishment. These results demonstrate how the kisspeptin system and plasma Fsh levels are differentially affected by maintenance diets, causing a retardation, but not a full blockage of the reproductive process in the teleost fish European sea bass. This suggests that a hormonal adaptive strategy may be operating in order to preserve reproductive function in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Escobar
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal (IATS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 12595 Ribera de Cabanes S/N, Castellón, Spain
| | - Alicia Felip
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal (IATS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 12595 Ribera de Cabanes S/N, Castellón, Spain.
| | - Silvia Zanuy
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal (IATS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 12595 Ribera de Cabanes S/N, Castellón, Spain
| | - Manuel Carrillo
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal (IATS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 12595 Ribera de Cabanes S/N, Castellón, Spain.
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Molecular characterization of two kiss genes and their expression in rohu (Labeo rohita) during annual reproductive cycle. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 191:135-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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25
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Valero Y, Arizcun M, Esteban MÁ, Bandín I, Olveira JG, Patel S, Cuesta A, Chaves-Pozo E. Nodavirus Colonizes and Replicates in the Testis of Gilthead Seabream and European Sea Bass Modulating Its Immune and Reproductive Functions. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0145131. [PMID: 26691348 PMCID: PMC4686992 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses are threatening pathogens for fish aquaculture. Some of them are transmitted through gonad fluids or gametes as occurs with nervous necrosis virus (NNV). In order to be transmitted through the gonad, the virus should colonize and replicate inside some cell types of this tissue and avoid the subsequent immune response locally. However, whether NNV colonizes the gonad, the cell types that are infected, and how the immune response in the gonad is regulated has never been studied. We have demonstrated for the first time the presence and localization of NNV into the testis after an experimental infection in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), and in the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), a very susceptible and an asymptomatic host fish species, respectively. Thus, we localized in the testis viral RNA in both species using in situ PCR and viral proteins in gilthead seabream by immunohistochemistry, suggesting that males might also transmit the virus. In addition, we were able to isolate infective particles from the testis of both species demonstrating that NNV colonizes and replicates into the testis of both species. Blood contamination of the tissues sampled was discarded by completely fish bleeding, furthermore the in situ PCR and immunocytochemistry techniques never showed staining in blood vessels or cells. Moreover, we also determined how the immune and reproductive functions are affected comparing the effects in the testis with those found in the brain, the main target tissue of the virus. Interestingly, NNV triggered the immune response in the European sea bass but not in the gilthead seabream testis. Regarding reproductive functions, NNV infection alters 17β-estradiol and 11-ketotestosterone production and the potential sensitivity of brain and testis to these hormones, whereas there is no disruption of testicular functions according to several reproductive parameters. Moreover, we have also studied the NNV infection of the testis in vitro to assess local responses. Our in vitro results show that the changes observed on the expression of immune and reproductive genes in the testis of both species are different to those observed upon in vivo infections in most of the cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulema Valero
- Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Carretera de la Azohía s/n. Puerto de Mazarrón, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marta Arizcun
- Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Carretera de la Azohía s/n. Puerto de Mazarrón, Murcia, Spain
| | - M. Ángeles Esteban
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Isabel Bandín
- Unidad de Ictiopatología-Patología Viral, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José G. Olveira
- Unidad de Ictiopatología-Patología Viral, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Sonal Patel
- Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
| | - Alberto Cuesta
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Elena Chaves-Pozo
- Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Carretera de la Azohía s/n. Puerto de Mazarrón, Murcia, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Rhody NR, Davie A, Zmora N, Zohar Y, Main KL, Migaud H. Influence of tidal cycles on the endocrine control of reproductive activity in common snook (Centropomus undecimalis). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 224:247-59. [PMID: 26261080 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to confirm the role of tidal pattern on the coordination of oocyte maturation and spawning in common snook Centropomus undecimalis. To do so, we studied oocyte maturation during the spawning season in relation to the tidal pattern in both males and females by means of histology and hormonal profiling along the pituitary-gonadal axis. Plasma LH levels, as well as transcript levels of gonadotropin genes (fshβ and lhβ) from the pituitaries of sexually mature male and female common snook were analyzed using a heterologous ELISA and quantitative RT-PCR, respectively. The fshβ and lhβ cDNAs were isolated and phylogenetic analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences revealed strong identity with other teleosts (75-90%). A strong link was found between tide and follicular development irrespective of the time of the day: female snook sampled on the rising tide were all found to have oocytes in the Secondary Growth Stage whereas females sampled at high tide or on the falling tide had oocytes in the later stages of maturation and ovulation. In addition, LH plasma and mRNA levels of fshβ and lhβ increased during the later stages of vitellogenesis peaking at ovulation in females. Plasma estradiol and testosterone significantly increased in late vitellogenesis (Secondary Growth Stage) and oocyte maturation (Eccentric Germinal Vesicle Step) respectively. Among male common snook sampled, no correlation was identified between tide and gonadal development. In addition, lhβ mRNA expression in males peaked at the mid germinal epithelium stage as for testosterone and 11-KT in the blood while fshβ expression and plasma LH levels peaked at late germinal epithelium stage. This study confirms the role played by tidal cycle on the entrainment of the later stages of oogenesis of common snook and provides a better understanding of the link between environmental and endocrine control of reproduction in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole R Rhody
- Mote Marine Laboratory, Directorate of Fisheries and Aquaculture, 874 WR Mote Way, Sarasota, FL 34240, USA.
| | - Andrew Davie
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
| | - Nilli Zmora
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 701 E. Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - Yonathan Zohar
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 701 E. Pratt Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - Kevan L Main
- Mote Marine Laboratory, Directorate of Fisheries and Aquaculture, 874 WR Mote Way, Sarasota, FL 34240, USA
| | - Hervé Migaud
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK
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27
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Selvaraj S, Kitano H, Ohga H, Yamaguchi A, Matsuyama M. Expression changes of mRNAs encoding kisspeptins and their receptors and gonadotropin-releasing hormones during early development and gonadal sex differentiation periods in the brain of chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 222:20-32. [PMID: 25304825 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, brain kisspeptin system has been shown to be involved in diverse reproductive function, including sexual differentiation in vertebrates. Our previous reports demonstrated that the chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) brain expresses two kisspeptin (kiss1, kiss2), two kisspeptin receptor (kissr1, kissr2) and three gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh1, gnrh2, gnrh3) genes. In the present study, using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assays, we analysed expression changes of these genes during early development (0-30dphs) and gonadal sex differentiation periods (37-60dphs). Absolute expression level of kiss-kissr-gnrh in the whole head was higher between 0 and 15dphs, in comparison to later developmental periods. Histological analyses revealed presence of sexually differentiated males and females with testicular and ovarian features at 37, 45, and 60dphs. In both males and females, kiss2, kissr1, and kissr2 levels were higher at 37dph, in comparison to 45 and 60dphs, with kiss1 showing no significant differences. Levels of all three gnrh mRNAs were higher at 45dph, in comparison to 60dph. Changes in the expression level of kiss-kissr-gnrh mRNAs in different brain regions of sexually differentiated males and females indicated differences in their regional distribution. These results suggest possible involvement of Kiss-KissR-GnRH systems during early development and gonadal sex differentiation in the chub mackerel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sethu Selvaraj
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Department of Bioresource Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Hajime Kitano
- Fisheries Research Institute of Karatsu, Department of Joint Research, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Saga 847-0132, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Ohga
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Department of Bioresource Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Department of Bioresource Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Michiya Matsuyama
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Department of Bioresource Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
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Saraiva JL, Martins RS, Hubbard PC, Canário AVM. Lack of evidence for a role of olfaction on first maturation in farmed sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 221:114-9. [PMID: 25736451 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Chemical communication is widespread in the animal kingdom and olfaction constitutes a powerful channel for social and environmental cues. In fish, olfactory stimuli are known to influence physiological processes, including reproduction. Here we investigate the effects of olfaction on puberty in European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax males. Intact sea bass coming to first maturity (puberty) are able to smell conspecific odours. However, induced anosmia during most of the spermatogenesis period had no effect on the sex ratio, gonad maturation state or gonado-somatic index at the time of reproduction. Furthermore anosmia decreased mRNA expression of brain KISS2 and pituitary LHb and FSHb, but not brain GnRH1 and GnRH3. Thus, although anosmia seems to modify gene expression of key reproduction related genetic factors, it seems to be insufficient to stop or delay growth or gonadal development and maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- João L Saraiva
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology Group, Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Rute S Martins
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology Group, Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Peter C Hubbard
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology Group, Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Adelino V M Canário
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology Group, Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
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29
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Alvarado MV, Carrillo M, Felip A. Melatonin-induced changes in kiss/gnrh gene expression patterns in the brain of male sea bass during spermatogenesis. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2015; 185:69-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Felip A, Espigares F, Zanuy S, Gómez A. Differential activation of kiss receptors by Kiss1 and Kiss2 peptides in the sea bass. Reproduction 2015; 150:227-43. [PMID: 26047834 DOI: 10.1530/rep-15-0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Two forms of kiss gene (kiss1 and kiss2) have been described in the teleost sea bass. This study assesses the cloning and characterization of two Kiss receptor genes, namely kissr2 and kissr3 (known as gpr54-1b and gpr54-2b, respectively), and their signal transduction pathways in response to Kiss1 and Kiss2 peptides. Phylogenetic and synteny analyses indicate that these paralogs originated by duplication of an ancestral gene before teleost specific duplication. The kissr2 and kissr3 mRNAs encode proteins of 368 and 378 amino acids, respectively, and share 53.1% similarity in amino acid sequences. In silico analysis of the putative promoter regions of the sea bass Kiss receptor genes revealed conserved flanking regulatory sequences among teleosts. Both kissr2 and kissr3 are predominantly expressed in brain and gonads of sea bass, medaka and zebrafish. In the testis, the expression levels of sea bass kisspeptins and Kiss receptors point to a significant variation during the reproductive cycle. In vitro functional analyses revealed that sea bass Kiss receptor signals are transduced both via the protein kinase C and protein kinase A pathway. Synthetic sea bass Kiss1-15 and Kiss2-12 peptides activated Kiss receptors with different potencies, indicating a differential ligand selectivity. Our data suggest that Kissr2 and Kissr3 have a preference for Kiss1 and Kiss2 peptides, respectively, thus providing the basis for future studies aimed at establishing their physiologic roles in sea bass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Felip
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal (IATS), Ribera de Cabanes s/n Torre la Sal, 12595 Castellón, Spain
| | - Felipe Espigares
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal (IATS), Ribera de Cabanes s/n Torre la Sal, 12595 Castellón, Spain
| | - Silvia Zanuy
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal (IATS), Ribera de Cabanes s/n Torre la Sal, 12595 Castellón, Spain
| | - Ana Gómez
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal (IATS), Ribera de Cabanes s/n Torre la Sal, 12595 Castellón, Spain
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Song H, He Y, Ma L, Zhou X, Liu X, Qi J, Zhang Q. Characterisation of kisspeptin system genes in an ovoviviparous teleost: Sebastes schlegeli. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 214:114-25. [PMID: 24955882 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2014.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Revised: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Kisspeptins are neuropeptides that play important roles in the reproduction and the onset of puberty in vertebrate by activating their receptor, Kissr. In the present study, we first isolated kiss1 and kissr4 genes from an ovoviviparous fish, the black rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) by homologue cloning. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the kiss and kissr of S. schlegeli belonged to kiss1 and kissr4 respectively. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that the kissr4 was expressed mainly in the brain and testis, while the kiss1 was expressed predominantly in the heart of both sexes. As for the different gonadal maturation stages the kiss1 showed different expression patterns in different tissues. During the early development stage, expression levels of the ligand and receptor genes showed similar increasing trends. The promoter region of kissr4 contained several putative transcription factor (TF) binding sites which may have the function of regulating kisspeptin system gene expression, providing potential targets for future in-depth investigation. These results together confirmed that the kisspeptin system in S. schlegeli may be involved in reproduction and other activities. Furthermore, our study laid the groundwork for further learning about the evolution and function of kisspeptin system in fish even vertebrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayu Song
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Yan He
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Liman Ma
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Xiaosu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Xiumei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Jie Qi
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
| | - Quanqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
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Morphofunctional Modifications of Cells of the Preoptic Hypothalamic Nucleus of Prepubescent Rats under Conditions of Stimulation and Blocking of the α-Adrenergic and Kisspeptinergic Systems. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-013-9387-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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33
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Ohga H, Fujinaga Y, Selvaraj S, Kitano H, Nyuji M, Yamaguchi A, Matsuyama M. Identification, characterization, and expression profiles of two subtypes of kisspeptin receptors in a scombroid fish (chub mackerel). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2013; 193:130-40. [PMID: 23932907 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The kisspeptin receptor (Kiss1R) is a cognate receptor for kisspeptin (Kiss), and this Kiss-Kiss1R system has been shown to regulate seasonal reproduction in vertebrates. Our previous study found the chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) brain expresses both kiss1 and kiss2 and exhibits sexually dimorphic changes during the seasonal reproductive cycle. The present study cloned two subtypes of kissr from the chub mackerel brain, and their signal transduction pathways to Kiss1 and Kiss2 were characterized in a mammalian cell line. Results of identification showed that kissr1 and kissr2 mRNAs encode 369 and 378 deduced amino acids, respectively, and share 52% similarity in amino acid sequences. In vitro functional analysis revealed that chub mackerel Kiss receptor signals are also preferentially transduced via the protein kinase C (PKC) rather than protein kinase A (PKA) pathway. Synthetic chub mackerel Kiss1-15 and Kiss2-12 peptides showed the highest potency for the activation of KissR1 and KissR2, respectively, stronger than their corresponding Kiss-10 peptides. Tissue distribution analyses indicated that both genes are highly expressed in the brain and that only kissr2 mRNA is expressed in the pituitary of both sexes. Unexpectedly, both kissr1 and kissr2 mRNAs were detected only in the testes. Seasonal expression changes showed higher expression levels of both kissr1 and kissr2 mRNAs in the brain of females during the early vitellogenic period; however, no significant differences were found in the brain of males. Pituitary kissr2 mRNA levels showed no significant variations. In the testes, the kissr1 mRNA expression level increased dramatically at spermiation compared with the immature and post-spawning periods. However, kissr2 mRNA levels in the testes did not vary significantly at different testicular stages. These results suggest that both kissr1 and kissr2 likely participate in the seasonal ovarian development of females, and thus in males, we propose a paracrine or autocrine role for kissr1 in testicular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Ohga
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
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Escobar S, Servili A, Espigares F, Gueguen MM, Brocal I, Felip A, Gómez A, Carrillo M, Zanuy S, Kah O. Expression of kisspeptins and kiss receptors suggests a large range of functions for kisspeptin systems in the brain of the European sea bass. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70177. [PMID: 23894610 PMCID: PMC3720930 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study, conducted in the brain of a perciform fish, the European sea bass, aimed at raising antibodies against the precursor of the kisspeptins in order to map the kiss systems and to correlate the expression of kisspeptins, kiss1 and kiss2, with that of kisspeptin receptors (kiss-R1 and kiss-R2). Specific antibodies could be raised against the preprokiss2, but not the preoprokiss1. The data indicate that kiss2 neurons are mainly located in the hypothalamus and project widely to the subpallium and pallium, the preoptic region, the thalamus, the pretectal area, the optic tectum, the torus semicircularis, the mediobasal medial and caudal hypothalamus, and the neurohypophysis. These results were compared to the expression of kiss-R1 and kiss-R2 messengers, indicating a very good correlation between the wide distribution of Kiss2-positive fibers and that of kiss-R2 expressing cells. The expression of kiss-R1 messengers was more limited to the habenula, the ventral telencephalon and the proximal pars distalis of the pituitary. Attempts to characterize the phenotype of the numerous cells expressing kiss-R2 showed that neurons expressing tyrosine hydroxylase, neuropeptide Y and neuronal nitric oxide synthase are targets for kisspeptins, while GnRH1 neurons did not appear to express kiss-R1 or kiss-R2 messengers. In addition, a striking result was that all somatostatin-positive neurons expressed-kissR2. These data show that kisspeptins are likely to regulate a wide range of neuronal systems in the brain of teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Escobar
- Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal, CSIC, Torre de la Sal, s/n, Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain
| | - Arianna Servili
- Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation, INSERM U1085, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Felipe Espigares
- Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal, CSIC, Torre de la Sal, s/n, Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain
| | - Marie-Madeleine Gueguen
- Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation, INSERM U1085, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Isabel Brocal
- Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal, CSIC, Torre de la Sal, s/n, Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain
| | - Alicia Felip
- Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal, CSIC, Torre de la Sal, s/n, Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain
| | - Ana Gómez
- Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal, CSIC, Torre de la Sal, s/n, Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain
| | - Manuel Carrillo
- Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal, CSIC, Torre de la Sal, s/n, Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain
| | - Silvia Zanuy
- Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal, CSIC, Torre de la Sal, s/n, Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain
| | - Olivier Kah
- Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation, INSERM U1085, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
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Mechaly AS, Viñas J, Piferrer F. The kisspeptin system genes in teleost fish, their structure and regulation, with particular attention to the situation in Pleuronectiformes. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2013; 188:258-68. [PMID: 23624122 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that Kisspeptin regulates the onset of puberty in vertebrates through stimulation of the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormones. However, the function of kisspeptin in peripheral tissues and in other functions is still poorly understood. Recently, the evolution and distribution of kisspeptin genes in vertebrates has been clarified. In contrast to placental mammals, which have a single gene for the ligand (Kiss) and for the receptor (Kissr), fish may have up to three Kiss genes and up to four Kissr genes because of genome duplications. However, information on the genomic structure of the piscine kiss and kissr genes is still scarce. Furthermore, when data from several species is taken together, interspecific differences in the expression of kiss and kissr during the reproductive cycle are found. Here, we discuss data gathered from several fish species, but mainly from two flatfishes, the Senegalese sole and the Atlantic halibut, to address general questions on kiss gene structure, regulation and function. Flatfish are among the most derived fish species and the two species referred to above have only one ligand and one receptor, probably because of the genome reduction observed in Pleuronectiformes. However, gene analysis shows that both species have an alternative splicing mechanism based on intron retention, but the functions of the alternative isoforms are unclear. In the Senegalese sole, sex-related differences in the temporal and spatial expression of kiss and kissr were observed during a whole reproductive cycle. In addition, recent studies suggested that kisspeptin system gene expression is correlated to energy balance and reproduction. This suggests that kisspeptin signaling may involve different sources of information to synchronize important biological functions in vertebrates, including reproduction. We propose a set of criteria to facilitate the comparison of kiss and kissr gene expression data across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro S Mechaly
- Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
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36
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Alvarado MV, Carrillo M, Felip A. Expression of kisspeptins and their receptors, gnrh-1/gnrhr-II-1a and gonadotropin genes in the brain of adult male and female European sea bass during different gonadal stages. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2013; 187:104-16. [PMID: 23583767 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Kisspeptins play a critical role in the control of hypothalamic-gonadotropic function and puberty onset in mammals. Studies in fish have all supported the hypothesis that they might play similar roles in the reproduction of this animal group, however, their physiological relevance in the occurrence of key reproductive events still remains to be determined. This study examines the relative mRNA expression profiles of the duplicate kisspeptin system (kiss1, kiss2, gpr54-1b, and gpr54-2b) in the hypothalamus and pituitary of adult male and female sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) during different gonadal stages using qRT-PCR. We also report the changes in the expression levels of gnrh-1, gnrhr-II-1a, fshβ, and lhβ and the relationships observed between both kisspeptin and GnRH systems. Our data show clear sex differences in the dynamics of kisspeptin and kisspeptin receptor gene expression in the hypothalamus of sea bass during gonadal development. Overall, all four kisspeptin system genes increased either before or during the advanced stages of oogenesis and declined during atresia, exhibiting profiles that are identical to those observed for gnrhr-II-1a, fshβ, lhβ, and the gonadosomatic index (GSI). While the situation was not as clear in males, the high kiss2 expression levels observed in the hypothalamus during mid recrudescence suggest that it might be playing a role in the neuroendocrine signaling that regulates germ cell proliferation at the testicular level. In this sense, the proposed role attributed to kisspeptins as key factors in the onset of reproduction in fish receives an additional support from the data obtained in the present work. Nevertheless, further research is required to clarify their precise role in sea bass.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Alvarado
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de Sal, s/n. 12595 Ribera de Cabanes, Castellón, Spain.
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