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Light addressable potentiometric sensor with well-ordered pyramidal pits-patterned silicon. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1238:340599. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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2
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Meng Y, Chen F, Wu C, Krause S, Wang J, Zhang DW. Light-Addressable Electrochemical Sensors toward Spatially Resolved Biosensing and Imaging Applications. ACS Sens 2022; 7:1791-1807. [PMID: 35762514 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c00940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The light-addressable electrochemical sensor (LAES) is a recently emerged bioanalysis technique combining electrochemistry with the photoelectric effect in a semiconductor. In an LAES, a semiconductor substrate is illuminated locally to generate charge carriers in a well-defined area, thereby confining the electrochemical process to a target site. Benefiting from the unique light addressability, an LAES can not only detect multiple analytes in parallel within a single sensor plate but also act as a bio(chemical) imaging sensor to visualize the two-dimensional distribution of specific analytes. An LAES usually has three working modes: a potentiometric mode using light-addressable potentiometric sensors (LAPS) and an impedance mode using scanning photoinduced impedance microscopy (SPIM), while an amperometric mode refers to light-addressable electrochemistry (LAE) and photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensing. In this review, we describe the detection principles of each mode of LAESs and the concept of light addressability. In addition, we highlight the recent progress and advance of LAESs in spatial resolution, sensor system design, multiplexed detection, and bio(chemical) imaging applications. An outlook on current research challenges and future prospects is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Meng
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Fangming Chen
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Chunsheng Wu
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Steffi Krause
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, U.K
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - De-Wen Zhang
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, 710061, China
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3
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The Light-Addressable Potentiometric Sensor and Its Application in Biomedicine towards Chemical and Biological Sensing. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10050156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The light-addressable potential sensor (LAPS) was invented in 1988 and has developed into a multi-functional platform for chemical and biological sensing in recent decades. Its surface can be flexibly divided into multiple regions or pixels through light addressability, and each of them can be sensed independently. By changing sensing materials and optical systems, the LAPS can measure different ions or molecules, and has been applied to the sensing of various chemical and biological molecules and cells. In this review, we firstly describe the basic principle of LAPS and the general configuration of a LAPS measurement system. Then, we outline the most recent applications of LAPS in chemical sensing, biosensing and cell monitoring. Finally, we enumerate and analyze the development trends of LAPS from the aspects of material and optical improvement, hoping to provide a research and application perspective for chemical sensing, biosensing and imaging technology.
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4
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Li X, Liu S, Tan J, Wu C. Light-Addressable Potentiometric Sensors in Microfluidics. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:833481. [PMID: 35265603 PMCID: PMC8899193 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.833481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) is an electrochemical sensor based on the field-effect principle of semiconductors. It is able to sense the change of Nernst potential on the sensor surface, and the measuring area can be controlled by the illumination of a movable light. Due to the unique light-addressable ability of the LAPS, the chemical imaging system constructed with the LAPS can realize the two-dimensional image distribution detection of chemical/biomass. In this review, the advantages of the LAPS as a sensing unit of the microelectrochemical analysis system are summarized. Then, the most recent advances in the development of the LAPS analysis system are explained and discussed. In particular, this review focused on the research of ion diffusion, enzymatic reaction, microbial metabolism, and droplet microfluidics using the LAPS analysis system. Finally, the development trends and prospects of the LAPS analysis system are illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueliang Li
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Shibin Liu
- College of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Tan
- College of Electronics and Information, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chunsheng Wu
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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5
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Liang T, Jiang N, Zhou S, Wang X, Xu Y, Wu C, Kirsanov D, Legin A, Wan H, Wang P. Multiplexed all-solid-state ion-sensitive light-addressable potentiometric sensor (ISLAPS) system based on silicone-rubber for physiological ions detection. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1179:338603. [PMID: 34535249 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) has been widely used in biomedical applications since its advent. As a member of the potentiometric sensors, ion-sensitive LAPS (ISLAPS) can be obtained by modifying ion selective sensing membrane on the sensor surface. Compared with the conventional ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) with liquid contact, the all-solid-state ISEs have more advantages such as easy maintenance, more convenient for miniaturization and practical applications. However, the commonly used ion-sensitive membrane (ISM) matrix like PVC has many limitations such as poor adhesion to silicone-based sensor and easy overflow of the plasticizer from the membrane. In this work, LAPS was combined with a variety of ionophore-doped all-solid-state silicone-rubber ISMs for the first time, to establish a program-controlled multiplexed ISLAPS system for physiological ions (Na+, K+, Ca2+ and H+) detection. The silicone-rubber ISMs have better adhesion to silicon-based sensors without containing plasticizers, which can avoid the plasticizer pollution and improve the long-term stability. A layer of poly(3-octylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3OT) was pre-modified on the sensor surface to inhibit the formation of an aqueous layer and improve the sensor lifetime. With the aid of a translation stage, the light spot automatically illuminated the detection sites in sequence, and the response of the four ions could be obtained in one measurement within 1 min. The proposed multiplexed ISLAPS has good sensitivity with micromolar limit of detection (LOD), good selectivity and long-term stability (more than 3 months). The results of the real Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) sample detection proved that the ISLAPS system can be used for the physiological ions detection, and is promising to realize a multi-parameter microphysiometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Shuqi Zhou
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yingke Xu
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Chunsheng Wu
- Institute of Medical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Dmitry Kirsanov
- Institute of Chemistry, Mendeleev Center, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Andrey Legin
- Institute of Chemistry, Mendeleev Center, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Hao Wan
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Ping Wang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
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6
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Abstract
Electrochemistry represents an important analytical technique used to acquire and assess chemical information in detail, which can aid fundamental investigations in various fields, such as biological studies. For example, electrochemistry can be used as simple and cost-effective means for bio-marker tracing in applications, such as health monitoring and food security screening. In combination with light, powerful spatially-resolved applications in both the investigation and manipulation of biochemical reactions begin to unfold. In this article, we focus primarily on light-addressable electrochemistry based on semiconductor materials and light-readable electrochemistry enabled by electrochemiluminescence (ECL). In addition, the emergence of multiplexed and imaging applications will also be introduced.
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Light-Addressable Actuator-Sensor Platform for Monitoring and Manipulation of pH Gradients in Microfluidics: A Case Study with the Enzyme Penicillinase. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2021; 11:bios11060171. [PMID: 34072213 PMCID: PMC8230332 DOI: 10.3390/bios11060171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The feasibility of light-addressed detection and manipulation of pH gradients inside an electrochemical microfluidic cell was studied. Local pH changes, induced by a light-addressable electrode (LAE), were detected using a light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) with different measurement modes representing an actuator-sensor system. Biosensor functionality was examined depending on locally induced pH gradients with the help of the model enzyme penicillinase, which had been immobilized in the microfluidic channel. The surface morphology of the LAE and enzyme-functionalized LAPS was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, the penicillin sensitivity of the LAPS inside the microfluidic channel was determined with regard to the analyte’s pH influence on the enzymatic reaction rate. In a final experiment, the LAE-controlled pH inhibition of the enzyme activity was monitored by the LAPS.
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8
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Zhou B, Das A, Zhong M, Guo Q, Zhang DW, Hing KA, Sobrido AJ, Titirici MM, Krause S. Photoelectrochemical imaging system with high spatiotemporal resolution for visualizing dynamic cellular responses. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 180:113121. [PMID: 33706156 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical imaging has great potential in the label-free investigation of cellular processes. Herein, we report a new fast photoelectrochemical imaging system (PEIS) for DC photocurrent imaging of live cells, which combines high speed with excellent lateral resolution and high photocurrent stability, which are all crucial for studying dynamic cellular processes. An analog micromirror was adopted to raster the sensor substrate, enabling high-speed imaging. α-Fe2O3 (hematite) thin films synthesized via electrodeposition were used as a robust substrate with high photocurrent and good spatial resolution. The capabilities of this system were demonstrated by monitoring cell responses to permeabilization with Triton X-100. The ability to carry out dynamic functional imaging of multiple cells simultaneously provides improved confidence in the data than could be achieved with the slower electrochemical single-cell imaging techniques described previously. When monitoring pH changes, the PEIS can achieve frame rates of 8 frames per second.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhou
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Anirban Das
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Muchun Zhong
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Qian Guo
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - De-Wen Zhang
- Institute of Medical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Karin A Hing
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Ana Jorge Sobrido
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Maria-Magdalena Titirici
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Steffi Krause
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK.
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Peng HY, Yang CM, Chen YP, Liu HL, Chen TC, Pijanowska DG, Chu PY, Hsieh CH, Wu MH. An integrated actuating and sensing system for light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) and light-actuated AC electroosmosis (LACE) operation. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2021; 15:024109. [PMID: 33868536 PMCID: PMC8043754 DOI: 10.1063/5.0040910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To develop a lab on a chip (LOC) integrated with both sensor and actuator functions, a novel two-in-one system based on optical-driven manipulation and sensing in a microfluidics setup based on a hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) layer on an indium tin oxide/glass is first realized. A high-intensity discharge xenon lamp functioned as the light source, a chopper functioned as the modulated illumination for a certain frequency, and a self-designed optical path projected on the digital micromirror device controlled by the digital light processing module was established as the illumination input signal with the ability of dynamic movement of projected patterns. For light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) operation, alternating current (AC)-modulated illumination with a frequency of 800 Hz can be generated by the rotation speed of the chopper for photocurrent vs bias voltage characterization. The pH sensitivity, drift coefficient, and hysteresis width of the Si3N4 LAPS are 52.8 mV/pH, -3.2 mV/h, and 10.5 mV, respectively, which are comparable to the results from the conventional setup. With an identical two-in-one system, direct current illumination without chopper rotation and an AC bias voltage can be provided to an a-Si:H chip with a manipulation speed of 20 μm/s for magnetic beads with a diameter of 1 μm. The collection of magnetic beads by this light-actuated AC electroosmosis (LACE) operation at a frequency of 10 kHz can be easily realized. A fully customized design of an illumination path with less decay can be suggested to obtain a high efficiency of manipulation and a high signal-to-noise ratio of sensing. With this proposed setup, a potential LOC system based on LACE and LAPS is verified with the integration of a sensor and an actuator in a microfluidics setup for future point-of-care testing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chia-Ming Yang
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed:. Tel.: +886-3-2118800 ext.: 5960 and . Tel.: +886-3-2118800 ext.: 3599
| | - Yu-Ping Chen
- Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Liu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Cheng Chen
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan
| | - Dorota G. Pijanowska
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Science, IBBE PAS 02-109, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Po-Yu Chu
- Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 333, Taiwan
| | | | - Min-Hsien Wu
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed:. Tel.: +886-3-2118800 ext.: 5960 and . Tel.: +886-3-2118800 ext.: 3599
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10
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Guo Y, Werner CF, Handa S, Wang M, Ohshiro T, Mushiake H, Yoshinobu T. Miniature multiplexed label-free pH probe in vivo. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 174:112870. [PMID: 33334636 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Correlating in-brain pH fluctuations with the pathophysiology has been impeded by the lack of in vivo techniques to precisely determine local pH changes. Here, we developed an all-in-one pH probe for spatially-resolved and label-free pH sensing in vivo, based on a field-effect pH sensor, i.e., a light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS), coupled to a flexible multimodal fiber. A readout photocurrent from the LAPS, elicited from a modulated light source, registers the localized surface potential change, proportional to the pH change. Upon simultaneous illuminations at multi-spot by a plurality of light sources with different modulation frequencies, pH changes at multiple designated spots are obtained via demultiplexing this photocurrent. To enable its in vivo applications, we combined the LAPS with a multimodal fiber fabricated by the convergence thermal drawing. Such fiber seamlessly integrates a multicore optical waveguide in the center for the light delivery, surrounded by electrodes for leading out photocurrent and serving as a pseudo-reference electrode, respectively. Such hybrid all-in-one pH probes can measure pH changes at 14 pixels simultaneously with a spatial resolution of 250 μm and a temporal resolution of 30 Hz. The pH sensitivity was characterized as 57.5 ± 2.2 mV/pH homogeneously across all measurable pixels. Such probes have been implanted into the hippocampal formation of rats and their capabilities to capture pH changes at multiple pixels were evaluated at both physiological and pathological conditions. Technologies developed here represents a new class of in vivo chemical sensing technologies enabling the spatially-resolved investigation of intrinsic chemical signals in deep brain structures with high spatial and temporal resolutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Guo
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences (FRIS), Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 9800845, Japan; Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 9808575, Japan; Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 9808579, Japan.
| | - Carl Frederik Werner
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 9808579, Japan
| | - Shoma Handa
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 9808579, Japan
| | - Mengyun Wang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 9808579, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Ohshiro
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 9808575, Japan
| | - Hajime Mushiake
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 9808575, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Yoshinobu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 9808579, Japan; Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 9808579, Japan
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11
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Moser N, Leong CL, Hu Y, Cicatiello C, Gowers S, Boutelle M, Georgiou P. Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Potentiometric Field-Effect Transistor Array Platform Using Sensor Learning for Multi-ion Imaging. Anal Chem 2020; 92:5276-5285. [PMID: 32142259 PMCID: PMC7145285 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This work describes an array of 1024 ion-sensitive field-effect transistors (ISFETs) using sensor-learning techniques to perform multi-ion imaging for concurrent detection of potassium, sodium, calcium, and hydrogen. Analyte-specific ionophore membranes are deposited on the surface of the ISFET array chip, yielding pixels with quasi-Nernstian sensitivity to K+, Na+, or Ca2+. Uncoated pixels display pH sensitivity from the standard Si3N4 passivation layer. The platform is then trained by inducing a change in single-ion concentration and measuring the responses of all pixels. Sensor learning relies on offline training algorithms including k-means clustering and density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise to yield membrane mapping and sensitivity of each pixel to target electrolytes. We demonstrate multi-ion imaging with an average error of 3.7% (K+), 4.6% (Na+), and 1.8% (pH) for each ion, respectively, while Ca2+ incurs a larger error of 24.2% and hence is included to demonstrate versatility. We validate the platform with a brain dialysate fluid sample and demonstrate reading by comparing with a gold-standard spectrometry technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Moser
- Department
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Institute of Biomedical
Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Chi Leng Leong
- Department
of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Yuanqi Hu
- Department
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Institute of Biomedical
Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Cicatiello
- Department
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Institute of Biomedical
Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Department
of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sally Gowers
- Department
of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Martyn Boutelle
- Department
of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Pantelis Georgiou
- Department
of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Institute of Biomedical
Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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12
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Guo Y, Werner CF, Canales A, Yu L, Jia X, Anikeeva P, Yoshinobu T. Polymer-fiber-coupled field-effect sensors for label-free deep brain recordings. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228076. [PMID: 31978197 PMCID: PMC6980412 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrical recording permits direct readout of neural activity but offers limited ability to correlate it to the network topography. On the other hand, optical imaging reveals the architecture of neural circuits, but relies on bulky optics and fluorescent reporters whose signals are attenuated by the brain tissue. Here we introduce implantable devices to record brain activities based on the field effect, which can be further extended with capability of label-free electrophysiological mapping. Such devices reply on light-addressable potentiometric sensors (LAPS) coupled to polymer fibers with integrated electrodes and optical waveguide bundles. The LAPS utilizes the field effect to convert electrophysiological activity into regional carrier redistribution, and the neural activity is read out in a spatially resolved manner as a photocurrent induced by a modulated light beam. Spatially resolved photocurrent recordings were achieved by illuminating different pixels within the fiber bundles. These devices were applied to record local field potentials in the mouse hippocampus. In conjunction with the raster-scanning via the single modulated beam, this technology may enable fast label-free imaging of neural activity in deep brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Guo
- Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences (FRIS), Graduate School of Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 9800845, Japan
| | - Carl F Werner
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 9808579, Japan
| | - Andres Canales
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Laboratory of Electronics, and McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 24139, United States of America
| | - Li Yu
- Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, United States of America
| | - Xiaoting Jia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Laboratory of Electronics, and McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 24139, United States of America.,Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, United States of America
| | - Polina Anikeeva
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research Laboratory of Electronics, and McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 24139, United States of America
| | - Tatsuo Yoshinobu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 9808579, Japan
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13
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Liang T, Qiu Y, Gan Y, Sun J, Zhou S, Wan H, Wang P. Recent Developments of High-Resolution Chemical Imaging Systems Based on Light-Addressable Potentiometric Sensors (LAPSs). SENSORS 2019; 19:s19194294. [PMID: 31623395 PMCID: PMC6806070 DOI: 10.3390/s19194294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) is a semiconductor electrochemical sensor based on the field-effect which detects the variation of the Nernst potential on the sensor surface, and the measurement area is defined by illumination. Thanks to its light-addressability feature, an LAPS-based chemical imaging sensor system can be developed, which can visualize the two-dimensional distribution of chemical species on the sensor surface. This sensor system has been used for the analysis of reactions and diffusions in various biochemical samples. In this review, the LAPS system set-up, including the sensor construction, sensing and substrate materials, modulated light and various measurement modes of the sensor systems are described. The recently developed technologies and the affecting factors, especially regarding the spatial resolution and temporal resolution are discussed and summarized, and the advantages and limitations of these technologies are illustrated. Finally, the further applications of LAPS-based chemical imaging sensors are discussed, where the combination with microfluidic devices is promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai 200050, China.
| | - Yong Qiu
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Ying Gan
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Jiadi Sun
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Shuqi Zhou
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Hao Wan
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai 200050, China.
| | - Ping Wang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Shanghai 200050, China.
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14
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Watanabe K, Baba T. Enhanced pH sensitivity in photoluminescence of GaInAsP semiconductor photonic crystal slab. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:24978-24988. [PMID: 31510378 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.024978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor ion sensors that respond to the surface electric charge in a solution are used for chemical and biological sensing. Photonic sensors exploiting such a response in the photoluminescence intensity enable a simple system consisting only of a photopump source and a photodiode; however, their sensitivity is usually lower than that of electric sensors, such as ion-sensitive field-effect transistors. This study employed a GaInAsP semiconductor honeycomb photonic crystal slab as a photonic sensor structure and obtained a high ion sensitivity. The surface recombination, which is the origin of the ion sensitivity, was enhanced by increasing the surface-to-volume ratio and moderately suppressing the photopump level. Nevertheless, a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio was maintained by improving the light extraction efficiency. Moreover, a high pH sensitivity of 0.27 dB/pH, which is six times that without photonic crystals, was obtained and resulted in a pH resolution of 0.011 at pH ∼7 comparable with that of electric sensors.
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15
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Dantism S, Röhlen D, Selmer T, Wagner T, Wagner P, Schöning MJ. Quantitative differential monitoring of the metabolic activity of Corynebacterium glutamicum cultures utilizing a light-addressable potentiometric sensor system. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 139:111332. [PMID: 31132723 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Applying biosensors for evaluation of the extracellular acidification of microorganisms in various biotechnological fermentation processes is on demand. An early stage detection of disturbances in the production line would avoid costly interventions related to metabolically inactive microorganisms. Furthermore, the determination of the number of living cells through cell plating procedure after cultivations is known as time- and material-consuming. In this work, a differential light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) system was developed to monitor the metabolic activity of Corynebacterium glutamicum (C. glutamicum ATCC13032) as typical microorganism in fermentation processes. In this context, the number of living cells in suspensions was directly determined utilizing the read-out principle of the LAPS system. The planar sensor surface of the LAPS design allows to fixate 3D-printed multi-chamber structures, which enables differential measurements. In this way, undesirable external influences such as pH variations of the medium and sensor signal drift can be compensated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahriar Dantism
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies (INB), Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Campus Jülich, 52428, Jülich, Germany; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Soft-Matter Physics and Biophysics Section, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Désirée Röhlen
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies (INB), Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Campus Jülich, 52428, Jülich, Germany
| | - Thorsten Selmer
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies (INB), Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Campus Jülich, 52428, Jülich, Germany
| | - Torsten Wagner
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies (INB), Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Campus Jülich, 52428, Jülich, Germany; Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-8), Research Centre Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Patrick Wagner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Soft-Matter Physics and Biophysics Section, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michael J Schöning
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies (INB), Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Campus Jülich, 52428, Jülich, Germany; Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-8), Research Centre Jülich GmbH, 52425, Jülich, Germany.
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16
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Watanabe K, Nomoto M, Nakamura F, Hachuda S, Sakata A, Watanabe T, Goshima Y, Baba T. Label-free and spectral-analysis-free detection of neuropsychiatric disease biomarkers using an ion-sensitive GaInAsP nanolaser biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 117:161-167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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17
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Ortiz-Dosal LC, Ángeles-Robles G, Kolosovas-Machuca ES. Use of hafnium(IV) oxide in biosensors. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2018; 39:471-484. [PMID: 30188776 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2018.1517090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Hafnium(IV) oxide is a material with properties that can increase the sensitivity, durability, and reliability of biosensors made from silicon dioxide and other semiconductor materials due to its high dielectric constant, thermodynamic stability, and the simplicity with which it can be deposited. This work describes the use of this material in biosensors based on field-effect transistors to detect ions and DNA, in immunosensors to detect an antigen-antibody complex, its use as a contrast material in computed tomography scans and the possibility of using it in optic biosensors in the infrared region. Its low cost and versatility in the field of biosensors is underscored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Carlos Ortiz-Dosal
- a Doctorado Institucional en Ingeniería y Ciencia de Materiales (DICIM-UASLP) , Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí , San Luis Potosí , México
| | - Gabriela Ángeles-Robles
- b Posgrado en Ciencias Interdisciplinarias, Instituto de Física , Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí , San Luis Potosí , México
| | - Eleazar Samuel Kolosovas-Machuca
- c Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología , Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí , San Luis Potosí , México
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18
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Bhalla N, Estrela P. Exploiting the signatures of nanoplasmon-exciton coupling on proton sensitive insulator-semiconductor devices for drug discovery applications. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:13320-13328. [PMID: 29974109 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr04540b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Multimodal sensing methods have a great promise in biosensing applications as they can measure independently several properties that characterise the biomolecular interaction to be detected as well as providing inherent on-chip validation of the sensing signals. This work describes the mechanisms of a concept of insulator-semiconductor field-effect devices coupled with nanoplasmonic sensing as a promising technology, which can be used for a wide range of analytical sensing applications. The developed method involves coupling of the localized surface plasmons (LSPs) within gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and excitons within pH sensitive silicon nitride (Si3N4) nanofilms for screening inhibitors of kinase, which constitute an important class of chemotherapy drugs. In parallel to this optical sensing, the pH sensitivity of silicon nitride is used to detect the release of protons associated with kinase activity. By changing the insulator and AuNPs characteristics, this work demonstrates the nanoplasmonic-exciton effects taking place, enabling the developed platform to be used for screening kinase inhibitors and as a dual mode electro-optical biosensor for routine bio/chemical sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Bhalla
- Centre for Biosensors, Bioelectronics and Biodevices (C3Bio) and Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, University of Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
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19
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Tu Y, Ahmad N, Briscoe J, Zhang DW, Krause S. Light-Addressable Potentiometric Sensors Using ZnO Nanorods as the Sensor Substrate for Bioanalytical Applications. Anal Chem 2018; 90:8708-8715. [PMID: 29932632 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Light-addressable potentiometric sensors (LAPS) are of great interest in bioimaging applications such as the monitoring of concentrations in microfluidic channels or the investigation of metabolic and signaling events in living cells. By measuring the photocurrents at electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor (EIS) and electrolyte-semiconductor structures, LAPS can produce spatiotemporal images of chemical or biological analytes, electrical potentials and impedance. However, its commercial applications are often restricted by their limited AC photocurrents and resolution of LAPS images. Herein, for the first time, the use of 1D semiconducting oxides in the form of ZnO nanorods for LAPS imaging is explored to solve this issue. A significantly increased AC photocurrent with enhanced image resolution has been achieved based on ZnO nanorods, with a photocurrent of 45.7 ± 0.1 nA at a light intensity of 0.05 mW, a lateral resolution as low as 3.0 μm as demonstrated by images of a PMMA dot on ZnO nanorods and a pH sensitivity of 53 mV/pH. The suitability of the device for bioanalysis and bioimaging was demonstrated by monitoring the degradation of a thin poly(ester amide) film with the enzyme α-chymotrypsin using LAPS. This simple and robust route to fabricate LAPS substrates with excellent performance would provide tremendous opportunities for bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tu
- Materials Research Institute and School of Engineering and Material Science , Queen Mary University of London , Mile End Road , London , E1 4NS , United Kingdom
| | - Norlaily Ahmad
- Materials Research Institute and School of Engineering and Material Science , Queen Mary University of London , Mile End Road , London , E1 4NS , United Kingdom.,Centre of Foundation Studies , Universiti Teknologi MARA , Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Dengkil , 43800 Dengkil , Malaysia
| | - Joe Briscoe
- Materials Research Institute and School of Engineering and Material Science , Queen Mary University of London , Mile End Road , London , E1 4NS , United Kingdom
| | - De-Wen Zhang
- Materials Research Institute and School of Engineering and Material Science , Queen Mary University of London , Mile End Road , London , E1 4NS , United Kingdom.,Institute of Materials , China Academic of Engineering Physics , Jiangyou , 621908 , Sichuan , China
| | - Steffi Krause
- Materials Research Institute and School of Engineering and Material Science , Queen Mary University of London , Mile End Road , London , E1 4NS , United Kingdom
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20
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Kiwa T, Kamiya T, Morimoto T, Sakai K, Tsukada K. pH measurements in 16-nL-volume solutions using terahertz chemical microscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:8232-8238. [PMID: 29715792 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.008232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Terahertz chemical microscopy has been developed for measuring the pH of a solution using only a small volume. The microsolution wells were fabricated on the surface of the sensing plate using a conventional photolithograph technique. Because the pH value can be calculated from the amplitude of a terahertz wave directly radiated from a sensing plate by a femtosecond laser irradiation, this method does not require any reference electrode in the solution. Thus, pH measurement can be achieved with a volume as small as 16 nL.
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21
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Yoshinobu T, Miyamoto KI, Werner CF, Poghossian A, Wagner T, Schöning MJ. Light-Addressable Potentiometric Sensors for Quantitative Spatial Imaging of Chemical Species. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2017; 10:225-246. [PMID: 28375701 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061516-045158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A light-addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) is a semiconductor-based chemical sensor, in which a measurement site on the sensing surface is defined by illumination. This light addressability can be applied to visualize the spatial distribution of pH or the concentration of a specific chemical species, with potential applications in the fields of chemistry, materials science, biology, and medicine. In this review, the features of this chemical imaging sensor technology are compared with those of other technologies. Instrumentation, principles of operation, and various measurement modes of chemical imaging sensor systems are described. The review discusses and summarizes state-of-the-art technologies, especially with regard to the spatial resolution and measurement speed; for example, a high spatial resolution in a submicron range and a readout speed in the range of several tens of thousands of pixels per second have been achieved with the LAPS. The possibility of combining this technology with microfluidic devices and other potential future developments are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuo Yoshinobu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan;
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Ko-Ichiro Miyamoto
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | | | - Arshak Poghossian
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies, Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Jülich Campus, Jülich 52428, Germany
- Peter Grünberg Institute, Research Centre Jülich GmbH, Jülich 52425, Germany
| | - Torsten Wagner
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies, Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Jülich Campus, Jülich 52428, Germany
- Peter Grünberg Institute, Research Centre Jülich GmbH, Jülich 52425, Germany
| | - Michael J Schöning
- Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies, Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Jülich Campus, Jülich 52428, Germany
- Peter Grünberg Institute, Research Centre Jülich GmbH, Jülich 52425, Germany
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22
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Wu F, Zhang DW, Wang J, Watkinson M, Krause S. Copper Contamination of Self-Assembled Organic Monolayer Modified Silicon Surfaces Following a "Click" Reaction Characterized with LAPS and SPIM. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:3170-3177. [PMID: 28285531 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A copper(I)-catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction combined with microcontact printing was used successfully to pattern alkyne-terminated self-assembled organic monolayer-modified silicon surfaces. Despite the absence of a copper peak in X-ray photoelectron spectra, copper contamination was found and visualized using light-addressable potentiometric sensors (LAPS) and scanning photo-induced impedance microscopy (SPIM) after the "click"-modified silicon surfaces were rinsed with hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution, which was frequently used to remove copper residues in the past. Even cleaning with an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solution did not remove the copper residue completely. Different strategies for avoiding copper contamination, including the use of bulky chelators for the copper(I) catalyst and rinsing with different reagents, were tested. Only cleaning of the silicon surfaces with an EDTA solution containing trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) after the click modification proved to be an effective method as confirmed by LAPS and SPIM results, which showed the expected potential shift due to the surface charge introduced by functional groups in the monolayer and allowed, for the first time, imaging the impedance of an organic monolayer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - De-Wen Zhang
- Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics , Jiangyou 621908, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute of Medical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center , Xi'an 710061, P.R. China
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23
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Image detection of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae by light-addressable potentiometric sensors (LAPS). Electrochem commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2016.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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24
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Choudhury MH, Ciampi S, Yang Y, Tavallaie R, Zhu Y, Zarei L, Gonçales VR, Gooding JJ. Connecting electrodes with light: one wire, many electrodes. Chem Sci 2015; 6:6769-6776. [PMID: 28757968 PMCID: PMC5508692 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03011k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The requirement of a wire to each electrode is central to the design of any electronic device but can also be a major restriction. For example it entails space restrictions and rigid device architecture in multi-electrode devices. The finite space that is taken up by the array of electrical terminals and conductive pads also severely limits the achievable density of electrodes in the device. Here it is shown that a travelling light pointer can be used to form transient electrical connections anywhere on a monolithic semiconductor electrode that is fitted with a single peripheral electrical terminal. This is achieved using hydrogen terminated silicon electrodes that are modified with well-defined organic monolayers. It is shown that electrochemical information can be either read from or written onto these surfaces. Using this concept it is possible to form devices that are equivalent to a conventional electrode array but that do not require a predetermined architecture, and where each element of the array is temporally "connected" using light stimulus; a step change in capability for electrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moinul H Choudhury
- School of Chemistry , The University of New South Wales , Sydney , NSW 2052 , Australia .
| | - Simone Ciampi
- School of Chemistry , The University of New South Wales , Sydney , NSW 2052 , Australia .
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Chemistry , The University of New South Wales , Sydney , NSW 2052 , Australia .
| | - Roya Tavallaie
- School of Chemistry , The University of New South Wales , Sydney , NSW 2052 , Australia .
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine , The University of New South Wales , Sydney , NSW 2052 , Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , The University of New South Wales , Sydney , NSW 2052 , Australia
| | - Ying Zhu
- School of Chemistry , The University of New South Wales , Sydney , NSW 2052 , Australia .
| | - Leila Zarei
- School of Chemistry , The University of New South Wales , Sydney , NSW 2052 , Australia .
| | - Vinicius R Gonçales
- School of Chemistry , The University of New South Wales , Sydney , NSW 2052 , Australia .
| | - J Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry , The University of New South Wales , Sydney , NSW 2052 , Australia .
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine , The University of New South Wales , Sydney , NSW 2052 , Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , The University of New South Wales , Sydney , NSW 2052 , Australia
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25
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Miyamoto KI, Sakakita S, Wagner T, Schöning MJ, Yoshinobu T. Application of chemical imaging sensor to in-situ pH imaging in the vicinity of a corroding metal surface. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.07.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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26
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Wang J, Liu Z, Hu C, Hu S. Ultrasensitive Photoelectrochemical Biosensing of Multiple Biomarkers on a Single Electrode by a Light Addressing Strategy. Anal Chem 2015; 87:9368-75. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Chengguo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shengshui Hu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College
of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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27
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Gu Y, Ju C, Li Y, Shang Z, Wu Y, Jia Y, Niu Y. Detection of circulating tumor cells in prostate cancer based on carboxylated graphene oxide modified light addressable potentiometric sensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 66:24-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.10.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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28
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Miyamoto KI, Hirayama Y, Wagner T, Schöning MJ, Yoshinobu T. Visualization of enzymatic reaction in a microfluidic channel using chemical imaging sensor. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.08.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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29
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Matsumoto A, Miyahara Y. Current and emerging challenges of field effect transistor based bio-sensing. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:10702-10718. [PMID: 24064964 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr02703a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Field-effect-transistor (FET) based electrical signal transduction is an increasingly prevalent strategy for bio-sensing. This technique, often termed "Bio-FETs", provides an essentially label-free and real-time based bio-sensing platform effective for a variety of targets. This review highlights recent progress and challenges in the field. A special focus is on the comprehension of emerging nanotechnology-based approaches to facilitate signal-transduction and amplification. Some new targets of Bio-FETs and the future perspectives are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Matsumoto
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
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30
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Riedel M, Göbel G, Abdelmonem AM, Parak WJ, Lisdat F. Photoelectrochemical Sensor Based on Quantum Dots and Sarcosine Oxidase. Chemphyschem 2013; 14:2338-42. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201201036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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31
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Luo X, Davis JJ. Electrical biosensors and the label free detection of protein disease biomarkers. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:5944-62. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60077g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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32
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Kirsch J, Siltanen C, Zhou Q, Revzin A, Simonian A. Biosensor technology: recent advances in threat agent detection and medicine. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:8733-68. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60141b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 313] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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33
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Cell-based sensor system using L6 cells for broad band continuous pollutant monitoring in aquatic environments. SENSORS 2012; 12:3370-93. [PMID: 22737014 PMCID: PMC3376625 DOI: 10.3390/s120303370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Pollution of drinking water sources represents a continuously emerging problem in global environmental protection. Novel techniques for real-time monitoring of water quality, capable of the detection of unanticipated toxic and bioactive substances, are urgently needed. In this study, the applicability of a cell-based sensor system using selected eukaryotic cell lines for the detection of aquatic pollutants is shown. Readout parameters of the cells were the acidification (metabolism), oxygen consumption (respiration) and impedance (morphology) of the cells. A variety of potential cytotoxic classes of substances (heavy metals, pharmaceuticals, neurotoxins, waste water) was tested with monolayers of L6 cells (rat myoblasts). The cytotoxicity or cellular effects induced by inorganic ions (Ni2+ and Cu2+) can be detected with the metabolic parameters acidification and respiration down to 0.5 mg/L, whereas the detection limit for other substances like nicotine and acetaminophen are rather high, in the range of 0.1 mg/L and 100 mg/L. In a close to application model a real waste water sample shows detectable signals, indicating the existence of cytotoxic substances. The results support the paradigm change from single substance detection to the monitoring of overall toxicity.
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Wagner T, Shigiahara N, Miyamoto K, Suzurikawa J, Finger F, Schöning M, Yoshinobu T. Light-addressable Potentiometric Sensors and Light–addressable Electrodes as a Combined Sensor-and-manipulator Microsystem with High Flexibility. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2012.09.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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35
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Hattori T, Yoshitomo M, Mori S, Miyamoto D, Kato R, Sawada K. CCD-Type Sodium Ion Image Sensor: Dynamic Observation of Ion-Exchange Reactions of a Single Na-Type Cation-Exchange Resin Bead. ELECTROANAL 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201100442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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36
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37
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Field-programmable gate array based controller for multi spot light-addressable potentiometric sensors with integrated signal correction mode. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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38
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Jia Y, Gao C, Feng D, Wu M, Liu Y, Chen X, Xing K, Feng X. Bio-initiated light addressable potentiometric sensor for unlabeled biodetection and its MEDICI simulation. Analyst 2011; 136:4533-8. [PMID: 21922098 DOI: 10.1039/c1an15133a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A bio-mimetic anchoring strategy based on L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) was exploited to activate the surface of light addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS), with the structure of Si(3)N(4)/SiO(2)/Si. X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements were carried out to ascertain its existence. The protein's immobilization on L-DOPA-initiated LAPS were also tested by our LAPS system. Then L-DOPA-activated LAPS were applied in the unlabeled rabbit anti-mouse immunoglobulin (IgG) detection. The maximum sensitivity of L-DOPA-activated LAPS to antigen (Ag) is about 5.68 nA/p[Ag]. LAPS responses in IgG measurements were from 95 to 180 nA, when the concentration was varied from 0-4 μg mL(-1). These experiments show that L-DOPA is an available material for LAPS surface modifications. At the same time, simulations based on MEDICI (Synopsys™) were performed. The simulated curves are in accordance with experimental data which demonstrate our theoretical analysis for the experimental phenomenon, and indicate the feasibility of simulating biological electronic devices with MEDICI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfang Jia
- College of Information Science Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
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Yoshinobu T, Moritz W, Finger F, Schoening MJ. Application of Thin-Film Amorphous Silicon to Chemical Imaging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-0910-a20-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA thin-film amorphous silicon (a-Si) deposited on a glass substrate was employed as a semiconductor material for the chemical imaging sensor, which can visualize the distribution of ion concentration in a solution. The sensing properties and the spatial resolution of the a-Si sensors were investigated. Nearly-Nernstian pH sensitivities and submicron resolution were demonstrated, which suggests the superior performance of the chemical imaging sensor based on thin-film a-Si.
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Ona T, Shibata J. Advanced dynamic monitoring of cellular status using label-free and non-invasive cell-based sensing technology for the prediction of anticancer drug efficacy. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 398:2505-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4223-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2010] [Revised: 08/24/2010] [Accepted: 09/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Bratov A, Abramova N, Ipatov A. Recent trends in potentiometric sensor arrays--a review. Anal Chim Acta 2010; 678:149-59. [PMID: 20888446 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2010.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2010] [Revised: 08/24/2010] [Accepted: 08/25/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays there exists a large variety of ion sensors based on polymeric or solid-state membranes that can be used in a sensor array format in many analytical applications. This review aims at providing a critical overview of the distinct approaches that were developed to build and use potentiometric sensor arrays based on different transduction principles, such as classical ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) with polymer or solid-state membranes, solid-contact electrodes (SCE) including coated wire electrodes (CWE), ion-sensitive field-effect transistors (ISFETs) and light addressable potentiometric sensors (LAPS). Analysing latest publications on potentiometric sensor arrays development and applications certain problems are outlined and trends are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bratov
- Instituto de Microelectronica de Barcelona, Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica (IMB-CNM), CSIC, Campus U.A.B., 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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Zong XL, Wu CS, Wu XL, Lu YF, Wang P. A non-labeled DNA biosensor based on light addressable potentiometric sensor modified with TiO2 thin film. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2010; 10:860-6. [PMID: 19882762 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b0920090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) thin film was deposited on the surface of the light addressable potentiometric sensor (LAPS) to modify the sensor surface for the non-labeled detection of DNA molecules. To evaluate the effect of ultraviolet (UV) treatment on the silanization level of TiO(2) thin film by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTS), fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) was used to label the amine group on the end of APTS immobilized onto the TiO(2) thin film. We found that, with UV irradiation, the silanization level of the irradiated area of the TiO(2) film was improved compared with the non-irradiated area under well-controlled conditions. This result indicates that TiO(2) can act as a coating material on the biosensor surface to improve the effect and efficiency of the covalent immobilization of biomolecules on the sensor surface. The artificially synthesized probe DNA molecules were covalently linked onto the surface of TiO(2) film. The hybridization of probe DNA and target DNA was monitored by the recording of I-V curves that shift along the voltage axis during the process of reaction. A significant LAPS signal can be detected at 10 micromol/L of target DNA sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-lin Zong
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Novel combination of digital light processing (DLP) and light-addressable potentiometric sensors (LAPS) for flexible chemical imaging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2010.09.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Evaluation of quantum dots applied as switchable layer in a light-controlled electrochemical sensor. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 396:1095-103. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-3347-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2009] [Revised: 11/15/2009] [Accepted: 11/24/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abramova N, Bratov A. Photocurable polymers for ion selective field effect transistors. 20 years of applications. SENSORS 2009; 9:7097-110. [PMID: 22399988 PMCID: PMC3290497 DOI: 10.3390/s90907097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2009] [Revised: 08/27/2009] [Accepted: 08/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Application of photocurable polymers for encapsulation of ion selective field effect transistors (ISFET) and for membrane formation in chemical sensitive field effect transistors (ChemFET) during the last 20 years is discussed. From a technological point of view these materials are quite interesting because they allow the use of standard photo-lithographic processes, which reduces significantly the time required for sensor encapsulation and membrane deposition and the amount of manual work required for this, all items of importance for sensor mass production. Problems associated with the application of this kind of polymers in sensors are analysed and estimation of future trends in this field of research are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Abramova
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; E-Mail:
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Arida H, Mohsen Q, Schöning M. Microfabrication, characterization and analytical application of a new thin-film silver microsensor. Electrochim Acta 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2008.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Viswanathan S, Radecka H, Radecki J. Electrochemical biosensors for food analysis. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-009-0143-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
Viruses have recently proven useful for the detection of target analytes such as explosives, proteins, bacteria, viruses, spores, and toxins with high selectivity and sensitivity. Bacteriophages (often shortened to phages), viruses that specifically infect bacteria, are currently the most studied viruses, mainly because target-specific nonlytic phages (and the peptides and proteins carried by them) can be identified by using the well-established phage display technique, and lytic phages can specifically break bacteria to release cell-specific marker molecules such as enzymes that can be assayed. In addition, phages have good chemical and thermal stability, and can be conjugated with nanomaterials and immobilized on a transducer surface in an analytical device. This Review focuses on progress made in the use of phages in chemical and biological sensors in combination with traditional analytical techniques. Recent progress in the use of virus-nanomaterial composites and other viruses in sensing applications is also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanbin Mao
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA.
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